The alkaline stock at Mount Monadnock, Vermont, described briefly by Wolff (1929), has been restudied in detail. Its petrography and structure are discussed here and conclusions are drawn as to its mode of emplacement. The stock consists of plutonic and hypabyssal rocks which intrude folded Ordovician (?) schist and quartzite. The longer axis, trending north-northwest across the strike of the country rock, is 3 miles long, and the shorter one about 2 1/2 miles. Essentially the stock consists of quartz syenite, but it encloses a long arcuate mass of older essexite and transition rock, and along its eastern edge are later intrusions of granite. Late dikes of various compositions cut the plutonics and surrounding metamorphic rocks. The following facts have been established: (1) The igneous rocks are typical representatives of the White Mountain magma series (Mississippian?), quite lacking in foliation and lineation. (2) The stock is discordant and has an elliptical ground plan. (3) In detail the boundary is irregular and characterized by abundant dikes and xenoliths. (4) The igneous rocks make sharp contacts with the metamorphosed country rock. (5) The arcuate mass of older essexite is undoubtedly a screen. (6) The small bodies of late granite resemble ring dikes. (7) The stock is cut by prominent sets of steeply dipping radial and tangential joints. (8) The late dikes show radial and tangential patterns. (9) Along the northern and southern margins of the stock the country rock shows strikes and dips which differ from the regional ones. From these criteria it is concluded that the plutonic rocks have invaded the crust by cauldron subsidence accompanied by the stoping of large arcuate slabs and smaller blocks from the walls of the magma reservoir.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1954)65[97:CFTMOE]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Chapman, R.W., 1954, Criteria for the mode of emplacement of the alkaline stock at Mount Monadnock, Vermont: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 65, no. 2, p. 97-114, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1954)65[97:CFTMOE]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"97","endPage":"114","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386546,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"Monadnock Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.806640625,\n 44.84223815129917\n ],\n [\n -71.4825439453125,\n 44.84223815129917\n ],\n [\n -71.4825439453125,\n 44.999767019181284\n ],\n [\n -71.806640625,\n 44.999767019181284\n ],\n [\n -71.806640625,\n 44.84223815129917\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"65","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, Randolph W.","contributorId":86057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Randolph","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221467,"text":"70221467 - 1954 - Stratigraphy and history of the Moenkopi formation of Triassic age","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-16T17:25:34.154802","indexId":"70221467","displayToPublicDate":"1954-11-01T12:21:44","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2711,"text":"Memoir of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphy and history of the Moenkopi formation of Triassic age","docAbstract":"The Moenkopi formation of Triassic age is composed of a series of deposits that form a wedge thinning eastward from a maximum of about 2000 feet in western Utah and southern Nevada to the vanishing point along an irregular margin in western Colorado, northeastern Arizona, and western New Mexico. Partly marine and partly continental in the thick western sections, it is entirely continental in the east. Invertebrate faunas indicate that deposition began either during or preceding the middle of the Early Triassic (Meekoceras zone) and continued into late Early Triassic (Tirolites zone) and probably into Medial Triassic time. Vertebrate faunas also indicate an Early Triassic and probably, in part, a Medial Triassic age. Studies of the deposits indicate three major transgressions and three regressions across southern Utah and northern Arizona. Analysis of sedimentary rock types and original structures in them suggests a complex mixture of environments involved in the development of the formation: stream beds, lagoons, playas, flood plains or tidal flats, shallow sea floors, and others. Some types are clear cut and readily demonstrated; others are open to question. Evidence from flora, fauna, and sediments indicates a semiarid to arid climate. Except for uplift in the Uncompahgre region of Colorado indicated by conglomeratic beds in the Moenkopi near by, the entire region probably remained very low and flat during Moenkopi deposition.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/MEM61-p1","usgsCitation":"McKee, E.D., 1954, Stratigraphy and history of the Moenkopi formation of Triassic age: Memoir of the Geological Society of America, v. 61, no. 1, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/MEM61-p1.","productDescription":"26 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386547,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"western Colorado, northeastern Arizona, and western New Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -109.09423828125,\n 41.09591205639546\n ],\n [\n -109.072265625,\n 36.96744946416934\n ],\n [\n -111.07177734375,\n 37.055177106660814\n ],\n [\n -111.20361328125,\n 31.372399104880525\n ],\n [\n -109.18212890625,\n 31.372399104880525\n ],\n [\n -108.17138671875,\n 31.297327991404266\n ],\n [\n -108.1494140625,\n 31.784216884487385\n ],\n [\n -106.787109375,\n 31.80289258670676\n ],\n [\n -106.63330078125,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n -109.09423828125,\n 41.09591205639546\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"61","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1954-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKee, Edwin D.","contributorId":60207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Edwin","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70221459,"text":"70221459 - 1954 - Copper cities copper deposit, Globe-Miami district, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-16T15:51:39.630777","indexId":"70221459","displayToPublicDate":"1954-06-01T10:42:53","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Copper cities copper deposit, Globe-Miami district, Arizona","docAbstract":"The Copper Cities copper deposit in the Globe-Miami district, Arizona, is now in process of development. It is of the \"porphyry\" type and occurs in a body of quartz monzonite that has been intruded by smaller masses of granite porphyry. The hypogene sulfides are pyrite, chalcopyrite, and a very little molybdenite. Pyritic mineralization extends over a large area of which only a small portion contains an appreciable amount of chalcopyrite. The outcrop of the copper-bearing rock, roughly 1,800 feet square, is bounded on the west, north, and east sides by fault zones. The south boundary is gradational. The pyrite to chalcopyrite ratio of the protore increases rapidly with depth, whereas the copper content decreases but slightly. The ore body is a shallow chalcocite zone formed by supergene enrichment. Bodies of granite porphyry within the copper-bearing area were not as strongly mineralized by hypogene solutions as the quartz monzonite, and in them the chalcocite zone is thin, undoubtedly because the granite porphyry is less pervious to ground water than the quartz monzonite.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.49.4.362","usgsCitation":"Peterson, N.P., 1954, Copper cities copper deposit, Globe-Miami district, Arizona: Economic Geology, v. 49, no. 4, p. 362-377, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.49.4.362.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"362","endPage":"377","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":386539,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Miami","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.91110229492188,\n 33.354620418436255\n ],\n [\n -110.83694458007811,\n 33.354620418436255\n ],\n [\n -110.83694458007811,\n 33.43144133557529\n ],\n [\n -110.91110229492188,\n 33.43144133557529\n ],\n [\n -110.91110229492188,\n 33.354620418436255\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1954-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, N. P.","contributorId":29827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":817762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":71500,"text":"tei470 - 1954 - Chatanooga shale investigations along the Sequatchie anticline of Tennessee and Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-27T13:05:43","indexId":"tei470","displayToPublicDate":"1954-03-07T13:44:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"470","title":"Chatanooga shale investigations along the Sequatchie anticline of Tennessee and Alabama","docAbstract":"In 1953 the Chattanooga shale in the Sequatchie anticline was tested for its uranium content by seven diamond drill cores. Concurrent with the drilling, geologic field work was done to determine the distribution, thickness, and structural setting of the shale. The results of this investigation indicate that the Chattanooga shale in the Sequatchie Valley has a higher uranium content than the shale along the Eastern Highland Rim but is more folded and faulted. For the purposes of these investigations the anticline is roughly divisible into three subequal parts, designated as northern, central, and southern.
\nIn the northern part the Gassaway member of the Chattanoooga shale is 13 to 21 feet thick and probably contains from 0.0060 to 0.0076 percent uranium. An unusual thickness of the phosphatic interval in one core suggests some duplication of strata. Similar deformation could cause erratic distirbution of the more uraniferous beds.
\nIn the central part of the anticline the Dowelltown member of the shale is overlapped by the Gassaway member so that only the latter is present in the central and southern parts of the anticline. The Gassaway is thin and poorly exposed between the State line and Guntersville, Ala., but southward it thickens again to about 40 feet near Blountsville.
\nIn the southern part the uranium content of the shale, as determined from three drill cores, is surprisingly low when compared with analyses of 1952 outcrop samples from three sides of the area. On the basis of available data, 20 feet of shale in the area between hole AL-66, 3 miles southwest of Blountsville, and locality 4G-1 at Blount Springs may contain between 0.0057 and 0.0070 percent uranium, but more drilling would have to be done to check the higher figure, which is based on outcrop samples.
\nData are too sparse to permit reliable estimates of grade and tonnage. More geologic work and drilling are needed to block out the most favorable areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tei470","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Glover, L., 1954, Chatanooga shale investigations along the Sequatchie anticline of Tennessee and Alabama: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 470, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei470.","productDescription":"38 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":283491,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tei470.png"},{"id":284568,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0470/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama;Georgia;Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Sequatchie Valley","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -87.0,33.0 ], [ -87.0,36.0 ], [ -85.0,36.0 ], [ -85.0,33.0 ], [ -87.0,33.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53558ffae4b0120853e8be7e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glover, Lynn","contributorId":6046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glover","given":"Lynn","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70098183,"text":"tei407 - 1954 - Monazite in Atlantic shore-line features","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-11T13:38:37","indexId":"tei407","displayToPublicDate":"1954-01-01T16:01:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"407","title":"Monazite in Atlantic shore-line features","docAbstract":"This report is a survey of present and potential production of monazite from part of the Maryland-Florida section of the Atlantic Coastal Plain.
\n
\n
The part of the Coastal Plain covered here is the outer (shore-ward) half. In this area, all the large heavy-mineral placers so far discovered occur in sand bodies that, by their shape, size, orientation, and lithology, appear to be ancient beaches, spits, bars, or dunes. Smaller placers have produced from recent shore-line features. The inner part of the Coastal Plain, to be treated in another report, is underlain generally by older rocks, ranging in age from Cretaceous to older Pleistocene.
\nOnly two large heavy-mineral placers are now in production at Trail Ridge, and near Jacksonville, both in Florida. Production is planned for the near future near Yulee, Fla.: in Folkston, Ga.: and at one or two localities in eastern North Carolina. Each of these three will produce monazite as a byproduct; the total new reserve for the three placers is about 33,000 tons of monazite.
\nIn large heavy-mineral placers of this type, monazite has not been found to run more than about 1 percent of total heavy minerals. In some large placers, notably Trail Ridge, it is almost or completely lacking. No reason for its sporadic occurrence has been found in this investigation.
\nTwo placers of potential economic value have been found by this project in Virginia, one west and one east of Chesapeake Bay. Neither is of promise for monazite production, but if they serve to open up exploration or production in the area, there is a chance for monazite as a byproduct from other placers.
\nA discovery of considerable scientific interest has to do with the occurrence of two different suites of heavy minerals in the Coastal Plain, at least south of Virginia. One, an “older” suite, lacks epidote, hornblende, and garnet; this suite occurs in all older formations and in Pleistocene deposits lying above about 50 or 60 feet above sea level. The other, “younger” suite contains these three minerals: it is restricted to recent beaches and streams, and to Pleistocene deposits at low altitudes. Monazite may occur with either of these suites.
\nThe percentage of titania (TiO2) in illmenite is of both scientific and economic interest. Illmenite is by far the most sought-for mineral in present exploration, and whether it contains the “normal” 53 percent of titania or, as it commonly does in Florida, 60 percent, is often of decisive importance in its exploitation. The nature, time, and place of this “enrichment” in titania has not been worked out.
\nThe heavy-mineral industry of the area seems to give promise of considerable expansion in the near future, and a greater monazite production seems assured.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei407","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Dryden, L., and Miller, G.A., 1954, Monazite in Atlantic shore-line features: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 407, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei407.","productDescription":"29 p.","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":284105,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tei407.jpg"},{"id":285825,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0407/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida;Maryl;North Carolina;South Carolina;Virginia","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -82.87,29.34 ], [ -82.87,39.72 ], [ -75.05,39.72 ], [ -75.05,29.34 ], [ -82.87,29.34 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"535594b6e4b0120853e8c08f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dryden, Lincoln","contributorId":94721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dryden","given":"Lincoln","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Glen A.","contributorId":45216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491686,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70095692,"text":"tei452 - 1954 - Reconnaissance for uranium-bearing lignite in the Ekalaka Lignite Field, Carter County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-27T15:01:17","indexId":"tei452","displayToPublicDate":"1954-01-01T15:35:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"452","title":"Reconnaissance for uranium-bearing lignite in the Ekalaka Lignite Field, Carter County, Montana","docAbstract":"Uranium-bearing lignite beds 1.5 to 8 feet thick occur in the Fort Union formation of the southern part of the Ekalaka Hills, Carter County, Mont. Data from surface outcrops indicate that an area of about 1,400 acres is underlain by 16,500,000 tons of uranium-bearing lignite containing 700 tons of uranium. The uranium content of the lignite beds ranges from 0.001 to 0.034 percent.
\nIronstone concretions in the massive coarse-grained sandstones in the upper part of the Fort Union formation contain 0.005 percent uranium in the northern and eastern parts of the area. These sandstones are good potential host rocks for uranium mineralization and are lithologically similar to the massive coarse-grained uranium-bearing sandstones of the Wasatch formation in the Pumpkin Buttes area of the Powder River Basin.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei452","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Gill, J.R., 1954, Reconnaissance for uranium-bearing lignite in the Ekalaka Lignite Field, Carter County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 452, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei452.","productDescription":"27 p.","numberOfPages":"28","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":283500,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tei452.jpg"},{"id":284569,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0452/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Carter County","otherGeospatial":"Ekalaka Hills","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -105.0394,44.9974 ], [ -105.0394,46.1369 ], [ -104.0396,46.1369 ], [ -104.0396,44.9974 ], [ -105.0394,44.9974 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53559532e4b0120853e8c19d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gill, James R.","contributorId":44904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":71342,"text":"tei292 - 1954 - Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in eastern Alaska, 1952","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-27T12:40:11","indexId":"tei292","displayToPublicDate":"1954-01-01T13:16:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"292","title":"Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in eastern Alaska, 1952","docAbstract":"Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits was conducted in selected areas of eastern Alaska during 1952. Examination of copper, silver, and molybdenum occurrences and of a reported nickel prospect in the Slana-Nabesna and Chisana districts in the eastern Alaska Range revealed a maximum radioactivity of about 0.003 percent equivalent uranium. No appreciable radioactivity anomolies were indicated by aerial and foot traverses in the area.
\nReconnaissance for possible lode concentrations of uranium minerals in the vicinity of reported fluoride occurrences in the Hope Creek and Miller House-Circle Hot Springs areas of the Circle quadrangle and in the Fortymile district found a maximum of 0.055 percent equivalent uranium in a float fragment of ferruginous breccia in the Hope Creek area; analysis of samples obtained in the vicinity of the other fluoride occurrences showed a maximum of only 0.005 percent equivalent uranium.
\nNo uraniferous loads were discovered in the Koyukuk-Chandalar region, nor was the source of the monazite, previously reported in the placer concentrates from the Chandalar mining district, located. The source of the uranotheorianite in the placers at Gold Bench on the South Fork of the Koyukuk River was not found during a brief reconaissance, but a placer concentrate was obtained that contains 0.18 percent equivalent uranium. This concentrate is about ten times more radioactive than concentrates previously available from the area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei292","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Nelson, A.E., West, W., and Matzko, J., 1954, Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in eastern Alaska, 1952: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 292, Report: 55 p.; 2 Plates: 14.70 x 13.76 inches and 13.37 x 11.30 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei292.","productDescription":"Report: 55 p.; 2 Plates: 14.70 x 13.76 inches and 13.37 x 11.30 inches","numberOfPages":"56","temporalStart":"1952-01-01","temporalEnd":"1952-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":283489,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tei292.jpg"},{"id":284533,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0292/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":284534,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0292/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":284535,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0292/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -149.84,61.34 ], [ -149.84,68.95 ], [ -139.66,68.95 ], [ -139.66,61.34 ], [ -149.84,61.34 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53559531e4b0120853e8c18a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Arthur Edward","contributorId":39459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"West, Walter S.","contributorId":32511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"Walter S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Matzko, John J.","contributorId":79459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matzko","given":"John J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70047916,"text":"tem744 - 1954 - Airborne radioactivity survey of parts of Sand Creek SW and Sand Creek SE quadrangles, Sweetwater county, Wyoming","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70047916,"text":"tem744 - 1954 - Airborne radioactivity survey of parts of Sand Creek SW and Sand Creek SE quadrangles, Sweetwater county, Wyoming","indexId":"tem744","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Airborne radioactivity survey of parts of Sand Creek SW and Sand Creek SE quadrangles, Sweetwater county, Wyoming"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":41145,"text":"ofr54124 - 1954 - Photogeologic map of radio-activity anomalies in Carbon and Sweetwater Counties, Wyoming","indexId":"ofr54124","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Photogeologic map of radio-activity anomalies in Carbon and Sweetwater Counties, Wyoming"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":41145,"text":"ofr54124 - 1954 - Photogeologic map of radio-activity anomalies in Carbon and Sweetwater Counties, Wyoming","indexId":"ofr54124","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Photogeologic map of radio-activity anomalies in Carbon and Sweetwater Counties, Wyoming"},"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-28T14:10:05","indexId":"tem744","displayToPublicDate":"1954-01-01T10:43:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":338,"text":"Trace Elements Memorandum","code":"TEM","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"744","title":"Airborne radioactivity survey of parts of Sand Creek SW and Sand Creek SE quadrangles, Sweetwater county, Wyoming","docAbstract":"The accompanying map shows the results of an airborne radioactivity survey in 125 square miles of Sand Creek SW and Sand Creek SE quadrangles, Wyoming. This area is part of a larger survey made in southern Carbon and Sweetwater counties by the U.S. Geological Survey, November 9-24, 1953. The work was undertaken as part of a cooperative program with the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. The survey was made with scintillation detection equipment mounted in a C-47 aircraft and consisted of parallel east-west flight lines spaced at quarter mile intervals, flown approximately 500 feet above the ground. Aerial photographs were used for pilot guidance, and the flight path of the aircraft was recorded by a gyrostabilized, continuous-strip-film camera. The distance of the aircraft from the ground was measured with a continuously recording radio altimeter. The width of the zone on the ground form which the anomalous radiation is measured at the nominal 500 foot flight altitude varied with the areal extent and the intensity of radioactivity of the source. For strong sources of radioactivity the width of the zone may be as much as 1,400 feet. Thus, quarter mile spacing of the flight lines would be adequate to detect anomalies from strong sources of radioactivity; however, small areas of considerable radioactivity midway between flight lines may not be noted. The approximate locations of nine radioactivity anomalies are shown on the accompanying map. The plotted position of the anomalies may be in error by as much as a quarter mile owing to the errors in available base maps or to the existence of areas on the base maps up to several square miles in which it is impossible to find and plot recognizable landmarks. The present technique of airborne radioactivity measurement does not permit distinguishing between activity due to thorium and that due to uranium. An anomaly, therefore, may represent radioactivity due entirely to one or to a combination of these elements. The radioactivity anomalies shown on the accompanying map cannot be interpreted in terms of either radioactive content or the extent of the source materials. Any particular anomaly may represent slightly greater-than-average radioactivity over an area of a few thousand square feet or high radioactivity over an area of a few hundred square feet. Thus radioactivity anomalies indicate localities of more-than-average radioactivity and, therefore, suggest areas in which uranium or thorium deposits are more likely to occur.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tem744","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with United States Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Henderson, J.R., 1954, Airborne radioactivity survey of parts of Sand Creek SW and Sand Creek SE quadrangles, Sweetwater county, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Memorandum 744, Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 36.25 x 14.17 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tem744.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 1 Plate: 36.25 x 14.17 inches","numberOfPages":"1","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":277180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/0744/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":283020,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/0744/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":283019,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/0744/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Sweetwater County","otherGeospatial":"Sand Creek Sw Quadrangle;Sand Creek Se Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.5,41.0 ], [ -108.5,41.083333 ], [ -108.0,41.083333 ], [ -108.0,41.0 ], [ -108.5,41.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5221bedfe4b001cbb8a34eb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henderson, J. R.","contributorId":78705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047914,"text":"tem743 - 1954 - Airborne radioactivity survey of parts of Baggs SW and Baggs SE quadrangles, Carbon and Sweetwater counties, Wyoming","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70047914,"text":"tem743 - 1954 - Airborne radioactivity survey of parts of Baggs SW and Baggs SE quadrangles, Carbon and Sweetwater counties, Wyoming","indexId":"tem743","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Airborne radioactivity survey of parts of Baggs SW and Baggs SE quadrangles, Carbon and Sweetwater counties, Wyoming"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":41145,"text":"ofr54124 - 1954 - Photogeologic map of radio-activity anomalies in Carbon and Sweetwater Counties, Wyoming","indexId":"ofr54124","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Photogeologic map of radio-activity anomalies in Carbon and Sweetwater Counties, Wyoming"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":41145,"text":"ofr54124 - 1954 - Photogeologic map of radio-activity anomalies in Carbon and Sweetwater Counties, Wyoming","indexId":"ofr54124","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Photogeologic map of radio-activity anomalies in Carbon and Sweetwater Counties, Wyoming"},"lastModifiedDate":"2014-02-28T14:09:27","indexId":"tem743","displayToPublicDate":"1954-01-01T10:35:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":338,"text":"Trace Elements Memorandum","code":"TEM","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"743","title":"Airborne radioactivity survey of parts of Baggs SW and Baggs SE quadrangles, Carbon and Sweetwater counties, Wyoming","docAbstract":"The accompanying map shows the results of an airborne radioactivity survey in 151 square miles of Baggs SW and Baggs SE quadrangles, Wyoming. This area is part of a larger survey made in southern Carbon and Sweetwater counties by the U.S. Geological Survey, November 9-24, 1953. The work was undertaken as part of a cooperative program with the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. The survey was made with scintillation detection equipment mounted in a C-47 aircraft and consisted of parallel east-west flight lines spaced at quarter mile intervals, flown approximately 500 feet above the ground. Aerial photographs were used for pilot guidance, and the flight path of the aircraft was recorded by a gyrostabilized, continuous-strip-film camera. The distance of the aircraft from the ground was measured with a continuously recording radio altimeter. The width of the zone on the ground form which the anomalous radiation is measured at the nominal 500 foot flight altitude varied with the areal extent and the intensity of radioactivity of the source. For strong sources of radioactivity the width of the zone may be as much as 1,400 feet. Thus, quarter mile spacing of the flight lines would be adequate to detect anomalies from strong sources of radioactivity; however, small areas of considerable radioactivity midway between flight lines may not be noted. The approximate locations of twelve radioactivity anomalies are shown on the accompanying map. The plotted position of the anomalies may be in error by as much as a quarter mile owing to the errors in available base maps or to the existence of areas on the base maps up to several square miles in which it is impossible to find and plot recognizable landmarks. The present technique of airborne radioactivity measurement does not permit distinguishing between activity due to thorium and that due to uranium. An anomaly, therefore, may represent radioactivity due entirely to one or to a combination of these elements. The radioactivity anomalies shown on the accompanying map cannot be interpreted in terms of either radioactive content or the extent of the source materials. Any particular anomaly may represent slightly greater-than-average radioactivity over an area of a few thousand square feet or high radioactivity over an area of a few hundred square feet. Thus radioactivity anomalies indicate localities of more-than-average radioactivity and, therefore, suggest areas in which uranium or thorium deposits are more likely to occur.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tem743","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with United States Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Henderson, J.R., 1954, Airborne radioactivity survey of parts of Baggs SW and Baggs SE quadrangles, Carbon and Sweetwater counties, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Memorandum 743, Report: 2 p.; 1 Plate: 38.16 x 21.96 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tem743.","productDescription":"Report: 2 p.; 1 Plate: 38.16 x 21.96 inches","numberOfPages":"2","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":277179,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/0743/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":283017,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/0743/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":283018,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/0743/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Carbon County;Sweetwater County","otherGeospatial":"Baggs Sw Quadrangle;Baggs Se Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -108.0,41.0 ], [ -108.0,41.166667 ], [ -107.5,41.166667 ], [ -107.5,41.0 ], [ -108.0,41.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5221bedee4b001cbb8a34eb3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henderson, J. R.","contributorId":78705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":71470,"text":"tei438 - 1954 - Results of core drilling for uranium-bearing carbonaceous shale and lignite in the Goose Creek district, Cassia County, Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-11T14:53:29","indexId":"tei438","displayToPublicDate":"1954-01-01T10:13:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"438","title":"Results of core drilling for uranium-bearing carbonaceous shale and lignite in the Goose Creek district, Cassia County, Idaho","docAbstract":"Thirteen core holes, totaling 2,023 feet, were drilled during the fall of 1953 to explore the grade and extent of uranium-bearing beds of carbonaceous shale and lignite in the east-central part of the Goose Creek district, Cassia County, Idaho. The beds tested are interbedded with volcanic ash, bentonite, greenish-gray shale, sandstone, and conglomerate in two fairly well defined zones in the lower part of the Salt Lake formation of lower Pliocene age. Nine holes penetrated carbonaceous shale beds in the Barrett zone, and one hole penetrated carbonaceous shale and lignite beds in zone B, 160 feet stratigraphically below the Barrett zone.
\n
\n
The highest concentration of uranium found by drilling is 0.10 percent in the upper part of a 4-foot bed of carbonaceous shale and lignite in zone B. The grade of carbonaceous shale beds in the Barrett zone ranges from 0.044 percent to less than 0.003 percent uranium.
\nInferred reserves in the district are estimated to be 790,000 tons in beds 1 foot or more thick containing an average of 0.014 percent or 120 tons of uranium.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei438","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Mapel, W., and Hail, W.J., 1954, Results of core drilling for uranium-bearing carbonaceous shale and lignite in the Goose Creek district, Cassia County, Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 438, Report: 32 p.; 3 Plates: 15.35 x 16.61 inches and smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei438.","productDescription":"Report: 32 p.; 3 Plates: 15.35 x 16.61 inches and smaller","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":284142,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tei438.jpg"},{"id":285850,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0438/report.pdf"},{"id":285847,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0438/figure-2.pdf"},{"id":285848,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0438/figure-3.pdf"},{"id":285849,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0438/figure-5.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","county":"Cassia County","otherGeospatial":"Goose Creek District","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116.0,40.0 ], [ -116.0,44.0 ], [ -112.0,44.0 ], [ -112.0,40.0 ], [ -116.0,40.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355955ce4b0120853e8c1ae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mapel, William J.","contributorId":89796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mapel","given":"William J.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":284232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hail, William J. Jr.","contributorId":99952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hail","given":"William","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70098416,"text":"tei436 - 1954 - Uranium in the Mayoworth area, Johnson County, Wyoming - a preliminary report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-11T14:48:05","indexId":"tei436","displayToPublicDate":"1954-01-01T10:05:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"436","title":"Uranium in the Mayoworth area, Johnson County, Wyoming - a preliminary report","docAbstract":"
The uranium mineral, metatyuyamunite, occurs in the basal limestone of the Sundance formation of late Jurassic age along the east flank of the Bighorn Mountains, about 2 miles southwest of the abandoned Mayoworth post office. This occurrence is of particular interest because it is the first uranium mineralization reported from a marine limestone in Wyoming. The discovery uranium claims were filed in July 1953, by J.S. Masek, Dan Oglesby, and Jack Emery of Casper, Wyo. Subsequent reconnaissance investigations have been made by private individuals and geologists of the U.S. Geological Survey and Atomic Energy Commission.
\n
\n
The metatyuyamunite is concentrated in a hard gray oolitic limestone that forms the basal bed of the Sundance formation. A selected sample of limestone from a fresh face in the northernmost deposit known at the time of the field examination contained 0.70 percent equivalent uranium and 0.71 percent uranium. Eight samples of the limestone taken at the sample place by the Atomic Energy Commission contained from 0.007 to 0.22 percent uranium. A chip sample from the weathered outcrop at the top of this limestone half a mile to the southeast contained 0.17 percent equivalent uranium and 0.030 percent uranium. A dinosaur bone from the middle part of the Morrison formation contained 0.044 percent equivalent uranium and 0.004 percent uranium.
\nmetatyuyamunite forms a conspicuous yellow coating along fracture planes cutting the oolitic limestone and has also replaced many of the oolites within the solid limestone and has also replaced many of the oolites within the solid limestone even where fractures are not present.
\nMany radioactive spots in the basal limestone of the Sundance formation were examined in a reconnaissance fashion along the outcrop for a distance of half a mile south of the initial discovery. Samples were taken for analysis only at the northern and southern margins of this interval. Outcrops farther north and south were not studied.
\nThere are not sufficient data to make even rough estimates of tonnage and grade of the occurrences. The extent of the limestone, the approximate boundaries of the area of above-normal radioactivity, and the possibilities of other radioactive zones have not been thoroughly investigated. Although dinosaur bones in the Morrison formation were radioactive wherever they were tested, no significant amount of radioactivity was observed in rocks adjacent to the bones.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei436","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Love, J.D., 1954, Uranium in the Mayoworth area, Johnson County, Wyoming - a preliminary report: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 436, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei436.","productDescription":"25 p.","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":285846,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0436/report.pdf"},{"id":284140,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tei436.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","county":"Johnson County","otherGeospatial":"Mayoworth","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -107.372,43.4937 ], [ -107.372,44.5653 ], [ -106.0076,44.5653 ], [ -106.0076,43.4937 ], [ -107.372,43.4937 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"535595d6e4b0120853e8c2d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, J. D.","contributorId":64620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"J.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":491699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70048609,"text":"tem645 - 1954 - Progress report on the Happy Jack mine, Which Canyon area, San Juan county, Utah","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70048609,"text":"tem645 - 1954 - Progress report on the Happy Jack mine, Which Canyon area, San Juan county, Utah","indexId":"tem645","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Progress report on the Happy Jack mine, Which Canyon area, San Juan county, Utah"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":44296,"text":"b1009H - 1955 - Geology of the Happy Jack mine, White Canyon area, San Juan County, Utah","indexId":"b1009H","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","title":"Geology of the Happy Jack mine, White Canyon area, San Juan County, Utah"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":44296,"text":"b1009H - 1955 - Geology of the Happy Jack mine, White Canyon area, San Juan County, Utah","indexId":"b1009H","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Geology of the Happy Jack mine, White Canyon area, San Juan County, Utah"},"lastModifiedDate":"2014-03-04T13:59:50","indexId":"tem645","displayToPublicDate":"1954-01-01T09:38:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":338,"text":"Trace Elements Memorandum","code":"TEM","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"645","title":"Progress report on the Happy Jack mine, Which Canyon area, San Juan county, Utah","docAbstract":"The Happy Jack mine is in the White Canyon area, San Juan county, Utah. Production is from high-grade uranium deposits in the Shinarump conglomerate of the Triassic age. In this area the Shinarump beds range from about 16 to 40 feet in thickness and the lower part of these beds fills an east-trending channel this is note than 750 feet wide and 10 feet deep. The Shinarump conglomerate consists of beds of coarse- to fine-grained quartzose sandstone, conglomerate, siltstone, and claystone. Carbonized wood is abundant in these beds, and in the field it was classified as mineral charcoal and coal. Intra-Shinarump channels, cross-stratification, current lineation, and slumping and compaction structures have been recognized in the mine. Steeply dipping fractures have dominant trends in four directions -- N 65°W, N 60°E, N 85°E, and due north. Uranium occurs as bedded deposits, as replacement bodies in accumulations of \"trash\", and as replacements of larger fragments of wood. An \"ore shoot\" is formed where the three types of uranium deposits occur together; these ore shoots appear to be elongate masses with sharp boundaries. Uranium minerals include uraninite, sooty pitchblende(?), and the sulfate--betazippeite, johannite, and uranopilite. Associated with the uraninite are the sulfide minerals covellite, bornite, chalcopyritw, and pyrite. Galena and sphalerite have been found in close association with uranium minerals. The gaunge minerals include: limonite and hematite present in most of the sandstone beds throughout the deposit, jarosite that impregnates much of the sandstone in the outer parts of the mine workings, gypsum that fills many of the fractures, and barite that impregnates the sandstone in at least one part of the mine. Secondary copper minerals, mainly copper sulfates, occur throughout the mine, but most abundant near the adits in the outermost 30 feet of the workings. The minerals comprising the bulk of the country rock include quartz, feldspar, and clay minerals. The amount of uranium minerals deposited in a sandstone bed is believed to have been determined by the position of the bed in the channel, the permeability of the sandstone in the bed, and the amount of carbonized wood and plant remains within the bed. The beds considered most favorable for uranium deposition contain an abundance of claystone and siltstone both as matrix filling and as fragments and pebbles. Suggested exploration guides from uranium ore bodies include the following: (1) interbedded siltstone lenses, (2) claystone and siltstone cement and pabbles, (3) concentrations of \"trash\", (4) covelllite and bornite, (5) chalcopyrite, and (6) carbonized wood.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tem645","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Trites, A.F., and Chew, R.T., 1954, Progress report on the Happy Jack mine, Which Canyon area, San Juan county, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Memorandum 645, Report: 20 p.; 2 Plates: 14.86 x 23.81 inches and 14.98 x 23.95 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tem645.","productDescription":"Report: 20 p.; 2 Plates: 14.86 x 23.81 inches and 14.98 x 23.95 inches","numberOfPages":"22","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":278413,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/0645/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":283299,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/0645/plate-3.pdf"},{"id":283300,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/0645/plate-4.pdf"},{"id":283298,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/0645/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"San Juan County","otherGeospatial":"Happy Jack Mine","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110.307082,37.74534 ], [ -110.307082,37.761595 ], [ -110.285524,37.761595 ], [ -110.285524,37.74534 ], [ -110.307082,37.74534 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"526b9309e4b058918d0acc32","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Trites, Albert F. Jr.","contributorId":40652,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trites","given":"Albert","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chew, Randall T. III","contributorId":14290,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chew","given":"Randall","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":485195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70048091,"text":"tei283 - 1953 - Geology of carnotite-bearing sandstone in the Uravan and Gateway districts, Montrose and Mesa counties, Colorado, and Grand County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-12-02T08:08:46","indexId":"tei283","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-20T09:04:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"283","title":"Geology of carnotite-bearing sandstone in the Uravan and Gateway districts, Montrose and Mesa counties, Colorado, and Grand County, Utah","docAbstract":"Most of the caraotite deposits in the Uravan and Gateway mining districts ate in the persistent upper sandstone stratum of the Salt Wash sandstone member of the Morrison formation, Areas In which this stratum is predominantly lenticular have been delimited from areas in which this stratum is predominantly nonlenticularar. Ground most favorable for carnotite deposits is in areas of lenticular sandstone where the stratum is underlain by green-gray altered mudstone.\nOre is localized in scour-and-fill bedded sandstones within favorable areas of lenticular sandstone. Regional control of the movement of ore-bearing solutions in the persistent ore-bearing sandstone stratum is indicated by; 1. A concave arcuate belt of partly altered mudstone transitional between areas of unaltered\nmudstone to the west and areas of altered mudstone to the east; 2. An increase in size, grade, and number of ore deposits from areas of partly altered to altered mudstone.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tei283","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"McKay, E.J., 1953, Geology of carnotite-bearing sandstone in the Uravan and Gateway districts, Montrose and Mesa counties, Colorado, and Grand County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 283, Report: 21 p.; Plate: 20.34 inches x 29.79 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei283.","productDescription":"Report: 21 p.; Plate: 20.34 inches x 29.79 inches","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":279900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/283/plate-1.pdf"},{"id":279899,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/283/report.pdf"},{"id":277440,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/283/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado;Utah","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.114838,38.189625 ], [ -109.114838,38.974357 ], [ -108.418579,38.974357 ], [ -108.418579,38.189625 ], [ -109.114838,38.189625 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"52303f63e4b04b8e63a2063c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKay, E. J.","contributorId":57040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKay","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":483731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":71385,"text":"tei339 - 1953 - Uranium-bearing carbonaceous shale and lignite in the Goose Creek district, Cassia County, Idaho, Boxelder County, Utah and Elko County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-10-22T11:38:45","indexId":"tei339","displayToPublicDate":"2000-07-10T15:56:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"339","title":"Uranium-bearing carbonaceous shale and lignite in the Goose Creek district, Cassia County, Idaho, Boxelder County, Utah and Elko County, Nevada","docAbstract":"The Goose Creek district includes about 260 miles in southern Cassia County, Idaho, and adjacent parts of Boxelder County, Utah, and Elko County Nev. The-area comprises the northern and central parts of an intermontane basin drained by northward-flowing Goose Creek and its tributaries.
\nAn essentially conformable sequence of fluviatile, lacustrine, and pyroclastic sediments of late Miocene (?) and early Pliocene age make up most of the rocks exposed in the district. These rocks include the Payette formation and the overlying, Salt Lake formation. They unconformably overlie a sequence of limestone, quartzite, and shale Carboniferous and older in age, exposed in the mountains to the west and northeast; and a thick body of rhyolite of Tertiary (?) age exposed in the mountains to the southeast. Surficial deposits of silt, sand, and gravel locally overlie the older rocks.
\nThe Payette and Salt Lake formations have a general easterly dip of 4 to 12 degrees, modified locally by shallow folds. Many normal faults, some with displacement several hundred feet, cut the Tertiary strata at various places in the district.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei339","usgsCitation":"Mapel, W.J., and Hail, W.J., 1953, Uranium-bearing carbonaceous shale and lignite in the Goose Creek district, Cassia County, Idaho, Boxelder County, Utah and Elko County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 339, Report: 57 p.; 5 Plates: 48.07 x 38.48 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/tei339.","productDescription":"Report: 57 p.; 5 Plates: 48.07 x 38.48 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"58","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":289820,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/TEI339.jpg"},{"id":310440,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/339/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310441,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/339/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310442,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/339/plate-3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310439,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/339/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310443,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/339/plate-4.pdf","text":"Plate 4","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":310444,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/339/plate-5.pdf","text":"Plate 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Nevada, Utah","county":"Boxelder County, Cassia County, Elko 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William Jameson","contributorId":23633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mapel","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Jameson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hail, William James","contributorId":31379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hail","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":71381,"text":"tei335 - 1953 - Montroseite, a new vanadium oxide from the Colorado plateaus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-06T11:50:48","indexId":"tei335","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"335","title":"Montroseite, a new vanadium oxide from the Colorado plateaus","docAbstract":"Montroseite, a new vanadium mineral named from Montrose County, Colorado, has been found in four mines in western Colorado and in two mines in eastern Utah. It is black, opaque, submetallic, and occurs in microscopic bladed crystals of the orthorhombic dipyramidal class. The axial ratio is a:b:c = 0.509:1:0.310, the common forms are b {010}, m {110}, p {121}, and a large vicinal form is approximately {0, 10, 1}. The observed specific gravity is 4.0 and the calculated specific gravity is 4.15. The composition is essentially VO(OH), with some iron commonly substituted for vanadium. Partial oxidation to VO2 has taken place. Chemical analyses and X-ray diffraction data are given. Single crystal study indicated that the space group symmetry is Pbnm(D2h16).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei335","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Weeks, A., Cisney, E.A., and Sherwood, A.M., 1953, Montroseite, a new vanadium oxide from the Colorado plateaus: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 335, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei335.","productDescription":"14 p.","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":193119,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/335/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":285646,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0335/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado;Utah","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plateaus","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.4058,37.5597 ], [ -111.4058,39.3507 ], [ -107.4989,39.3507 ], [ -107.4989,37.5597 ], [ -111.4058,37.5597 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b03e4b07f02db698ed5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weeks, Alice D.","contributorId":92730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weeks","given":"Alice D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cisney, Evelyn A.","contributorId":70853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cisney","given":"Evelyn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sherwood, Alexander M.","contributorId":70061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherwood","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":39244,"text":"pp243C - 1953 - Probable Reklaw age of a ferruginous conglomerate in eastern Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-16T19:43:25.915928","indexId":"pp243C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"243","chapter":"C","title":"Probable Reklaw age of a ferruginous conglomerate in eastern Texas","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Shorter contributions to general geology, 1952 (Professional Paper 243)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/pp243C","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, L.W., 1953, Probable Reklaw age of a ferruginous conglomerate in eastern Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 243, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp243C.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"34","endPage":"43","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":120456,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0243c/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":66980,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0243c/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":66981,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0243c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":486126,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4229.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.5731,\n 33.4833\n ],\n [\n -98.5731,\n 29.0583\n ],\n [\n -93.5314,\n 29.0583\n ],\n [\n -93.5314,\n 33.4833\n ],\n [\n -98.5731,\n 33.4833\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db660b03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, L. W.","contributorId":70349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":221194,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":63622,"text":"gp98 - 1953 - Total intensity aeromagnetic and geologic map of east-central Itasca County, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-03T19:40:30.862827","indexId":"gp98","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":317,"text":"Geophysical Investigations Map","code":"GP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"98","title":"Total intensity aeromagnetic and geologic map of east-central Itasca County, Minnesota","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/gp98","usgsCitation":"Meuschke, J.L., and Henderson, J.R., 1953, Total intensity aeromagnetic and geologic map of east-central Itasca County, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map 98, 2 Plates: 44.11 × 26.00 inches and 27.75 × 29.24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/gp98.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 44.11 × 26.00 inches and 27.75 × 29.24 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":187219,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":388852,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_3594.htm"},{"id":260516,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0098/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":260515,"rank":900,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gp/0098/plate-1.pdf"}],"scale":"63360","country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"itasca County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.7780,\n 47.7375\n ],\n [\n -93.1,\n 47.7375\n ],\n [\n -93.1,\n 47.4778\n ],\n [\n -93.7780,\n 47.4778\n ],\n [\n -93.7780,\n 47.7375\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629ab7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Meuschke, J. L.","contributorId":53349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meuschke","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":269245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henderson, John R. Jr.","contributorId":96346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henderson","given":"John","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":269246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":69270,"text":"coal13 - 1953 - Geology of anthracite in the western part of the Ashland quadrangle, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-11-30T14:39:09","indexId":"coal13","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":309,"text":"Coal Map","code":"COAL","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"13","title":"Geology of anthracite in the western part of the Ashland quadrangle, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"The Western Middle anthracite field is one of four structural basins containing anthracite in eastern Pennsylvania. This report describes the geology of the part of the Western Middle field that lies in the western half of the Ashland quadrangle. (See index map, sheet 2.) The mapped area covers about 19 square miles in Columbia and Schuylkill Counties. The town of Centralia is in the northern part of the area, and the town of Ashland is in the southern part.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/coal13","usgsCitation":"Haley, B., Arndt, H.H., Rothrock, H., and Wagner, H.C., 1953, Geology of anthracite in the western part of the Ashland quadrangle, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Coal Map 13, 2 Sheets: 45.40 x 38.94 inches and 46.88 x 39.16 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/coal13.","productDescription":"2 Sheets: 45.40 x 38.94 inches and 46.88 x 39.16 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":359846,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/coal/013/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":188355,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/coal/013/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":359847,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/coal/013/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"2000","country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Ashland Quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -76.36749999999999,40.75 ], [ -76.36749999999999,40.81805555555556 ], [ -76.30111111111111,40.81805555555556 ], [ -76.30111111111111,40.75 ], [ -76.36749999999999,40.75 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6839f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haley, Boyd R.","contributorId":82274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haley","given":"Boyd R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":279926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arndt, Harold H.","contributorId":14412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arndt","given":"Harold","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":279927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rothrock, Howard E.","contributorId":20330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rothrock","given":"Howard E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":279925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wagner, Holly C.","contributorId":55407,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"Holly","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":279928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":57707,"text":"ofr53289 - 1953 - Changes in chemical quality of the Arkansas River in Oklahoma and Arkansas (1946-52)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:12:29","indexId":"ofr53289","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"53-289","title":"Changes in chemical quality of the Arkansas River in Oklahoma and Arkansas (1946-52)","docAbstract":"Systematic chemical quality-of-water investigations have been carried on in both Oklahoma and Arkansas by the Geological Survey in cooperation with State and Federal agencies during the past several years. Results of the Survey's quality-of-water investigations are usually published in the annual Water-Supply Papers. However, as the Geological Survey has made no sediment investigations in the Arkansas River Basin in Oklahoma and Arkansas, the published data do not include information on sediment concentrations or loads.\r\nThis report attempts to summarize information collected to date in the Arkansas River Basin of the two States, and to show as clearly as possible from present information how the chemical quality of water in the Arkansas River changes downstream from the Oklahoma-Kansas State line to its confluence with the Mississippi River, and how it is affected by tributary inflows. Additional information is being collected and further studies are planned. Hence, the conclusions reached herein may be modified by more adequate information at a later date.\r\n\r\nThe Arkansas River enters Oklahoma near Newkirk on the northern boundary just east of the 97th meridian, crosses the State in a general southeasterly direction flowing past Tulsa, enters Arkansas at its western boundary north of the 35th parallel near Fort Smith, still flowing in a general southeasterly direction past Little Rock near the center of the State, and empties into the Mississippi River east of Dumas.\r\n\r\nThe Arkansas River is subject to many types of pollution downstream from the Oklahoma-Kansas State line, and its inferior quality along with an erratic flow pattern has caused it to be largely abandoned as a source of municipal and industrial water supply. At the present time, the Arkansas River is not directly used as a source of public supply in any part of the basin in either Oklahoma or Arkansas. In general, the river water increases in chemical concentration downstream from the Oklahoma-Kansas State line to Tulsa, due mainly to tributary inflow from the Salt Fork Arkansas River and the Cimarron River, both streams being sources of large amounts of both natural and artificial pollution. A decrease in chemical concentration is noted downstream from Tulsa due to tributary inflow from the Verdigris, Neosho, and Illinois rivers with an increase in chemical concentration then noted due to tributary inflow from the Canadian River which is largely artificial pollution. A steady decrease in concentration is then noted as the river progresses through Arkansas to the Mississippi River, as all major tributaries below the Canadian River have a dilution effect upon the chemical concentration of the Arkansas River water.\r\n\r\nProposals for storage and regulating reservoirs on the Arkansas River in both Oklahoma and Arkansas have been made by the Corps of Engineers and others. Additional proposals are being considered in the present Arkansas-White-Red River Basin Inter-Agency Committee studies. If constructed, these reservoirs will provide an opportunity for control of flow and beneficial use of Arkansas River water, both at and downstream from these sites. Impoundment alone will greatly reduce the extremes in water quality, and by reasonable control of municipal and industrial wastes, the water would be comparable in quality to many existing basin municipal and industrial supplies.\r\n\r\n(available as photostat copy only)","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr53289","usgsCitation":"Dover, T., and Geurin, J., 1953, Changes in chemical quality of the Arkansas River in Oklahoma and Arkansas (1946-52): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 53-289, 33 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr53289.","productDescription":"33 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":182938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cee4b07f02db5455ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dover, T.B.","contributorId":90293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dover","given":"T.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Geurin, J.W.","contributorId":59784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geurin","given":"J.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":257623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":3494,"text":"cir201 - 1953 - Ground-water resources of the Rapid Valley unit, Cheyenne Division, South Dakota, with a section on the surface waters of Rapid Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-07T11:52:05","indexId":"cir201","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"201","title":"Ground-water resources of the Rapid Valley unit, Cheyenne Division, South Dakota, with a section on the surface waters of Rapid Valley","docAbstract":"The Rapid Valley unit is in Pennington County, S. Dak., and extends from the east city limits of Rapid City southeastward for 21 miles along Rapid Creek.
\nThe bedrock formations that underlie the region are chiefly marine in origin, and they generally dip eastward from the center of the Black Hills uplift. The exposed formations are of Cretaceous age and consist of the Greenhorn limestone, the Carlile shale, the Niobrara formation, and the Pierre shale. The Pierre shale, which underlies the unconsolidated flood plain and terrace deposits in much Of the region is exposed in the erosional slopes along the south side of the valley and in the deeper draws on the north side. The areas in which the other formations are exposed are relatively small and are restricted to the western part of-the region.
\nFour terraces are present on the north side of Rapid Creek. The lowest terrace and the flood plain in the western half of the region are irrigated at the present time, and the two lower terraces and the flood plain in the eastern half have been proposed for irrigation.
\nAbundant supplies of ground water occur in the flood plain and terrace deposits where they are now irrigated. Because the waterbearing materials consist of interfingering layers of differing permeability, the ground water is under water-table conditions in some places whereas it is confined in others.
\nLocally, where there is a confining layer below other water-bearing materials or where a confined layer is itself saturated, the ground water may occur under both water-table and artesian conditions. Seepage from irrigation canals, which is the principal source of recharge, causes high ground-water levels from June to November; as a result, parts of the areas have become waterlogged. In the parts of the region that are not now affected by irrigation, the surface of the ground water is only a few feet above the bedrock surface and 6 ft to 42 ft below land surface; its position is relatively constant throughout the year.
\nHarmful concentrations of salt in the soil are in part due to evaporation of ground water. These are found only locally in the Rapid Valley region and do not present a serious problem at this time. It is thought, however, that the fine-grained materials underlying the Rapid terrace may contain sufficient salt to cause detrimental salt accumulations in the soil if the proposed irrigation causes ground-water levels to rise close to the surface.
\nLining of the irrigation canals would reduce the amount of seepage and would effect a lowering of ground-water levels, if irrigation practices are extended to other areas, drainage facilities will be necessary both to avoid aggravating the existing conditions of waterlogging and to prevent the waterlogging of other low-lying lands.
\nThe flow of Rapid Creek is affected by a variety of conditions. A few miles west of Rapid City, where Rapid Creek flows over the Englewood and Pahasapa limestones and the Minnelusa sandstone, there is a loss of about 8 cfs of water in a distance of a few miles. In the 3-mile reach of Rapid Creek between the Canyon Lake stream-gaging station and the Rapid City stream-gaging station there is a gain of about 20 cfs; much of this gain in flow may be attributed to the inflow from Cleghorn and Jackson springs and to the addition of water from the State-owned cement plant. In the Rapid Valley unit, the flow of the creek during the irrigation season is affected largely by the amount of water diverted for irrigation. The irrigation canals act as bypass channels, much of the water being returned to Rapid Creek by way of spillage into normally dry tributary creek channels and by movement through ground-water bodies that discharge into Rapid Creek.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC","doi":"10.3133/cir201","usgsCitation":"Rosier, A.J., and Snell, L., 1953, Ground-water resources of the Rapid Valley unit, Cheyenne Division, South Dakota, with a section on the surface waters of Rapid Valley: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 201, iii, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir201.","productDescription":"iii, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":30502,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0201/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124632,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0201/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.8922119140625,\n 43.361132106881726\n ],\n [\n -102.073974609375,\n 43.361132106881726\n ],\n [\n -102.073974609375,\n 44.55133484083592\n ],\n [\n -103.8922119140625,\n 44.55133484083592\n ],\n [\n -103.8922119140625,\n 43.361132106881726\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a96e4b07f02db65a685","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosier, Arthur J.","contributorId":69537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosier","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snell, L.J.","contributorId":25555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snell","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":4216,"text":"cir231 - 1953 - Exploratory drilling program of the U.S. Geological Survey for evidences of zinc-lead mineralization in Iowa and Wisconsin, 1950-51","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":12408,"text":"ofr521 - 1952 - Description of rock formations and minerals from holes drilled in Tete des Morts area, Iowa","indexId":"ofr521","publicationYear":"1952","noYear":false,"title":"Description of rock formations and minerals from holes drilled in Tete des Morts area, Iowa"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":4216,"text":"cir231 - 1953 - Exploratory drilling program of the U.S. Geological Survey for evidences of zinc-lead mineralization in Iowa and Wisconsin, 1950-51","indexId":"cir231","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"title":"Exploratory drilling program of the U.S. Geological Survey for evidences of zinc-lead mineralization in Iowa and Wisconsin, 1950-51"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-04T20:36:34.125772","indexId":"cir231","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"231","title":"Exploratory drilling program of the U.S. Geological Survey for evidences of zinc-lead mineralization in Iowa and Wisconsin, 1950-51","docAbstract":"The Upper Mississippi Valley zinc-lead district covers 2, 500 square miles of Wisconsin, Illinois, and Iowa. It is one of the oldest mining districts in the United States, as lead mining by settlers began in 1788. Zinc has been mined since 1859, and the present production is more than ten times that of lead. \r\n\r\nRecks exposed in the district range from Early Ordovician to Middle Silurian in age, and, except for the St. Peter sandstone and the Maquoketa shale, consist mainly of dolomite. Structural compression has resulted in gentle folds and faults; principal trends are northwestward, northeastward, and eastward. \r\n\r\nGalena (lead sulfide) has been mined principally from vertical joints in the upper, noncherty part of the Galena dolomite. On the other hand, sphalerite (zinc sulfide) and a minor amount of smithsonite (zinc carbonate) are found as veins, breccia ore, and disseminations in the lower, cherty part of the Galena dolomite, in strata of the Decorah formation, and in the upper beds of the Platteville formation; these 'lower-run' ore bodies are in inclined reverse faults (pitches) and associated bedding-plane faults (flats) that are localized along synclinal trends. Lead and zinc minerals are found in beds of the Prairie du Chien group where they are exposed along the northern edge of the district. \r\n\r\nSince 1942 the U. S. Geological Survey has been studying the geology of the zinc-lead district and has been mapping the structure, stratigraphy, and the occurrences of ore bodies. The program here described was centered in two areas at the margin of the district. Twenty-five holes that totalled 7,466 feet were drilled in 1950-51. In the Tete des Morts area, Iowa, the drilling showed lithology, structure, and evidences of mineralization that are favorable indications of the possible existence of pitch-type lower-run ore bodies; it showed a lateral extension of the potentially productive part of the district. In the Highland area, Wisconsin, lithology and evidences of mineralization found in strata of the Prairie du Chien group indicate that this unit might warrant further investigation as a potential source of ore at a lower stratigraphic position than that now being prospected in the main part of the zinc-lead district, farther south. Drilling in beds of the Prairie du Chien showed a vertical extension of the potentially productive part of the district.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir231","usgsCitation":"Agnew, A.F., Flint, A., and Allingham, J.W., 1953, Exploratory drilling program of the U.S. Geological Survey for evidences of zinc-lead mineralization in Iowa and Wisconsin, 1950-51: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 231, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir231.","productDescription":"37 p.","numberOfPages":"37","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":463625,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23567.htm","text":"Highland area","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126711,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0231/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":31330,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0231/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":463626,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23855.htm","text":"Tetes Des Morts area","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a06e4b07f02db5f8c11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Agnew, Allen Francis","contributorId":78727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agnew","given":"Allen","email":"","middleInitial":"Francis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Arthur E.","contributorId":45300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Arthur E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allingham, John W.","contributorId":91848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allingham","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":34504,"text":"b987 - 1953 - Fluorspar deposits of the Eagle Mountains, Trans-Pecos Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-16T17:06:26.535242","indexId":"b987","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"987","title":"Fluorspar deposits of the Eagle Mountains, Trans-Pecos Texas","docAbstract":"The Eagle Mountains are in the southeastern part of Hudspeth County, Tex., about 17 miles southwest of Van Horn and 100 miles southeast of El Paso, Tex. The fluorspar deposits are in the northern and northeastern parts of the mountains, except for the Rocky Ridge deposits, which are near the center of the mountainous mass. A good all-weather road leads south from Allamoore on U. S. Highway 80 to the mine and mill at Spar Valley. With the exception of the Rocky Ridge deposits, all deposits can be reached by ranch roads from the main Spar Valley road.
Fluorspar was first found in the Eagle Mountains in 1919, but no development was undertaken until 1942. Since then, mining has been done at Eagle Spring and at the various deposits in Spar Valley. Many other deposits have been found in the area. About 12,000 tons of fluorspar had been shipped previous to January 1949, most of which came from the North ore body in Spar Valley. A mill was built near the deposits In 1945. With the exception of the Eagle Spring and Tank Canyon deposits, both of minor importance, the fluorspar deposits as of 1950 are all controlled by Texas Fluorspar Mines, Inc., of Van Horn, Tex.
Cretaceous sedimentary rocks, which crop out on the flanks of the mountains, are overlain by a thick series of Tertiary volcanics that make up much of the central part of the mountains. Low on the northeast side, the Cretaceous rocks are underlain by Permian (?) limestones and the pre-Cambrian Carrizo Mountain schist. The Cretaceous sedimentary rocks range from the Yucca formation of Early Cretaceous (lower Trinity) age through the Eagle Ford formation of Late Cretaceous age. The rocks on the northeast side of the mountains dip southwest, and those on the southwest and west sides dip east-northeast and northeast. The axis of the large syncline thus formed roughly parallels the axis of the range. The igneous rocks occur within the trough of the syncline.
Both intrusive and extrusive rocks are present. The extrusive rocks have been separated into three divisions : the lower rhyolitic series, trachyte porphyry, and the upper rhyolitic series. Both rhyolitic series consist of flows, flow breccias, volcanic breccias, and tuffaceous sediments, all predominantly of rhyolitic composition, although tending toward andesite locally. These volcanics have been intruded by a small stock of syenite, named in this report the Eagle Peak syenite, which crops out in the central, higher parts of the mountains. Rhyolite sills have invaded the sedimentary rocks near the margin of the volcanics, and diabase and late rhyolite dikes have intruded both sedimentary and volcanic rocks.
Faults are common in the area, and six series of faults have been recognized. Thrusting from the southwest occurred both before and after the igenous activity and the subsequent downwarping of the central part of the mountains. The early thrust faults were followed by high-angle normal and reverse faults that trend northeastward and cut the volcanics. Later normal and reverse faults trending northwestward, and faults with large horizontal displacements trending roughly eastward, also are present, in addition to very late faults trending in a general northwesterly direction.
Fluorspar occurs in the Eagle Mountains both as replacement deposits in limestone and as fissure veins, chiefly in rhyolite. Chief among the fissure veins are those occurring along the Rhyolite fault, the Wind Canyon fault, the vein at Shaft 4, and the veins on Fox claims 9 and 10. The most important replacement deposits are in the Rocky Ridge area and in Spar Valley. • At the North ore body in Spar Valley, the fluorine-bearing solutions replaced a series of sandy limestones in the upper beds of the lower part of the Finlay formation. Structural conditions limited the extent of the replaceable beds and consequently of the fluorspar mineralization.
The fluorine-bearing solutions represent a very late stage of the igneous activity of the area. The large east-trending faults with their wide zones of gouge and breccia, typified by the Rhyolite and Wind Canyon faults, acted as the major channels for the solutions in their upward course. From these faults, the solutions spread outward into other faults and fractures, chiefly those with a northeasterly trend, and into the adjoining limestones. The physical and chemical nature of the surrounding rock, as well as structural conditions affecting the presence of openings in the rock, were the major controlling factors governing the size, extent, and position of the fluorspar deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/b987","usgsCitation":"Gillerman, E., 1953, Fluorspar deposits of the Eagle Mountains, Trans-Pecos Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 987, Report: v, 98 p.; 14 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/b987.","productDescription":"Report: v, 98 p.; 14 Plates","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":109642,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_21254.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"21254"},{"id":92792,"rank":413,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-17.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92791,"rank":412,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-16.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92790,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-15.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92789,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-14.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92788,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-13.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92787,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-12.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92786,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-11.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92785,"rank":406,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-10.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92779,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-01.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92780,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-02.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92781,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-03.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92782,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-07.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92783,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-08.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92784,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/plate-09.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":92793,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":164046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/0987/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","county":"Hudspeth County","otherGeospatial":"Eagle Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.14877319335938,\n 30.842110231051304\n ],\n [\n -104.90707397460938,\n 30.842110231051304\n ],\n [\n -104.90707397460938,\n 31.027047769854388\n ],\n [\n -105.14877319335938,\n 31.027047769854388\n ],\n [\n -105.14877319335938,\n 30.842110231051304\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aead3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gillerman, Elliot","contributorId":35741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillerman","given":"Elliot","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":213077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":51358,"text":"ofr53199 - 1953 - Seismic cross sections across the Spokane River valley and the Hillyard Trough, Idaho and Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:33","indexId":"ofr53199","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"53-199","title":"Seismic cross sections across the Spokane River valley and the Hillyard Trough, Idaho and Washington","docAbstract":"Two seismic cross sections were run with a refraction seismograph near Spokane, Wash., in Hay and June 1951. One section trended north-south across the Spokane River valley plain Just east of the Idaho-Washington boundary; the other trended east-west across the strath just north of the Hillyard section of Spokane.\r\n\r\nEach section secured data that permitted the compilation of a graphic cross section showing the position of (1) the water table, (2) the base of the glacial and glaciofluviatile deposits, and (3) the generalized base of the Latah formation and associated deposits (which is the top of the consolidated bedrock). \r\n\r\nThe data confirm the inference of Pardee and Bryan that the granitic bedrock lies at an altitude of about 1,0OO feet beneath the valley plain near the State boundary. The base (a heretofore unlocated feature) of the glacial outwash deposits, the main aquifer of the area, was determined as an uneven plane at an altitude of 1,800 to 1,700 feet in the State-boundary district and at 1,700 feet in the Hillyard Trough district.","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr53199","usgsCitation":"Newcomb, R.C., and and others, 1953, Seismic cross sections across the Spokane River valley and the Hillyard Trough, Idaho and Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 53-199, 15 p., 18 plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr53199.","productDescription":"15 p., 18 plates","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":177598,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1953/0199/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":86517,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1953/0199/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86518,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1953/0199/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":86519,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1953/0199/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db6448fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Newcomb, R. C.","contributorId":77907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newcomb","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":243393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"and others","contributorId":127886,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"and others","id":532114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":12659,"text":"ofr5321 - 1953 - Geology of the Knife River area, North Dakota","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":43649,"text":"ofr5122 - 1951 - Geologic maps of Medicine Butte, Broncho, Golden Valley, Beulah, Stanton, and Hazen quadrangles, North Dakota","indexId":"ofr5122","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic maps of Medicine Butte, Broncho, Golden Valley, Beulah, Stanton, and Hazen quadrangles, North Dakota"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":12659,"text":"ofr5321 - 1953 - Geology of the Knife River area, North Dakota","indexId":"ofr5321","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"title":"Geology of the Knife River area, North Dakota"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-02-05T20:06:27.236189","indexId":"ofr5321","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"53-21","title":"Geology of the Knife River area, North Dakota","docAbstract":"The Knife River area, consisting of six 15-minute quadrangles, includes the lower half of the Knife River valley in west-central North Dakota. The area, in the center of the Williston Basin, is underlain by the Tongue River member of the Fort Union formation (Paleocene) and the Golden Valley formation (Eocene). The Tongue River includes beds equivalent to the Sentinel Butte shale; the Golden Valley formation, which receives its first detailed description in this report, consists of two members, a lower member of gray to white sandy kaolin clay and an upper member of cross-bedded micaceous sandstone.\r\n\r\nPro-Tongue River rocks that crop out in southwestern North Dakota include the Ludlow member of the Fort Union formation, the Cannonball marine formation (Paleocene) and the Hell Creek, Fox Hills, and Pierre formations, all upper Cretaceous. Post-Golden Valley rocks include the White River formation (Oligocene) and gravels on an old planation surface that may be Miocene or Pliocent.\r\n\r\nSurficial deposits include glacial and fluvial deposits of Pleistocene age and alluvium, dune sand, residual silica, and landslide blocks of Recent age. Three ages of glacial deposits can be differentiated, largely on the basis of three fills, separated by unconformities, in the Knife River valley. All three are of Wisconsin age and probably represent the Iowan, Tazewell, and Mankato substages. Deposits of the Cary substage have not been identified either in the Knife River area or elsewhere in southern North Dakota. Iowan glacial deposits form the outermost drift border in North Dakota. Southwest of this border are a few scattered granite boulders that are residual from the erosion of either the White River formation or a pre-Wisconsin till. The Tazewell drift border cannot be followed in southern North Dakota. The Mankato drift border can be traced in a general way from the South Dakota State line northwest across the Missouri River and through the middle of the Knife River area.\r\n\r\nThe major land forms of southwestern North Dakota are: (1) high buttes that stand above (2) a gravel-capped planation surface and (3) a gently-rolling upland; below the upland surface are (4) remnants of a broad valley stage of erosion into which (5) modern valleys have been cut. The broad valley profiles of many streams continue east across the Missouri River trench and are part of a former drainage system that flowed into Hudson Bay. Crossing the divides are (6) large trenches, formed when the former northeast-flowing streams were dammed by the glacier and diverted to the southeast. The largest diversion valley is occupied by the Missouri River; another diversion system, now largely abandoned, extends from the Killdeer Mountains southwest to the mouth of Porcupine Creek in Sioux County. By analogy with South Dakota, most of the large diversion valleys are thought to have been cut in Illinoian time.\r\n\r\nNumerous diversion valleys of Illinoian to late Wisconsin age cut across the divides. Other Pleistocene land forms include ground and moraines, kames, and terraces. Land forms of Recent age include dunes, alluvial terraces, floodplains, and several types of landslide blocks. One type of landslide, called rockslide slump, has not previously been described.\r\n\r\nDrainage is well adjusted to the structure, most of the streams flowing down the axes of small synclines.\r\n\r\nThe bedrock formations have been gently folded into small domes and synclines that interrupt a gentle northward regional dip into the Williston Basin. Three episodes of deformation affected southwestern North Dakota in Tertiary time: (1) intra-Paleocene, involving warping and minor faulting; (2) post-Eocene, involving uplift and tilting; (2) Oligocene, involving uplift and gentle folding.\r\n\r\nMineral resources include ceramic clay, sand and gravel and lignite coal. The Knife River area is the largest lignite-producing district in the United States.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5321","usgsCitation":"Benson, W.E., 1953, Geology of the Knife River area, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 53-21, 318 p, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5321.","productDescription":"318 p","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":499594,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_39546.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":41066,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1953/0021/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144021,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1953/0021/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Knife River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.25,\n 47.525\n ],\n [\n -102.25,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -101.25,\n 47\n ],\n [\n -101.25,\n 47.525\n ],\n [\n -102.25,\n 47.525\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67ecc0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, William Edward","contributorId":13637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"Edward","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3706,"text":"cir253 - 1953 - The industrial utility of public water supplies in the East North-Central States, 1952","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:40","indexId":"cir253","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"253","title":"The industrial utility of public water supplies in the East North-Central States, 1952","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"[U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/cir253","usgsCitation":"Lohr, E.W., Brown, P., and Lamar, W., 1953, The industrial utility of public water supplies in the East North-Central States, 1952: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 253, iv, 125 p. :map, tables. ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir253.","productDescription":"iv, 125 p. :map, tables. ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117965,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0253/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30760,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1953/0253/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a85e4b07f02db64d70a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lohr, E. W.","contributorId":48155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lohr","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, P.N.","contributorId":17211,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"P.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamar, W.L.","contributorId":52549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamar","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}