Silt mantles the upland slopes and ridge tops throughout the unglaciated interior of Alaska, reaching maximum thickness along the north side of the Tanana River Valley. The silt is probably loess deposited during glacial advances by south winds blowing from the glaciated Alaska Range across outwash plains in the Tanana Valley.
In the Fairbanks area, where it is best exposed, the upland silt is 1–80 feet thick on tops of low hills, 50–150 feet above the valley floor. It is 10–100 feet thick on middle slopes of higher hills and thins to a few feet on the higher slopes of ridges 800–2000 feet above the valley. Much silt has been reworked and moved by stream erosion into valley bottoms where it forms a fill 10–300 feet thick.
The upland silt is well sorted. The texture and mineral composition are uniform throughout the Yukon-Tanana upland, whether the silt overlies schist, chert, granite or basalt. The silt stands in sheer cliffs and is massive, showing little or no stratification.
During the
past 50 years, fluviatile, marine, estuarine, lacustrine, residual, and eolian hypotheses have been proposed to explain the origin of the upland silt. The fluviatile marine and estuarine hypotheses never had strong support, but the lacustrine concept was popular in the early part of the century.
Most of the upland silt is considered to be wind blown, derived from glacial outwash because: (1) it occurs as a surficial mantle (2) it is lithologically independent of the underlying material, (3) stratification is indistinct or absent, (4) it is associated with sand dunes and ventifacts, (5) it contains fossils of air-breathing land animals, (6) the sorting and texture are similar to upper Mississippi Valley loess and wind-blown dust, (7) the grains are angular and relatively fresh, and (8) loess is being deposited in the region today.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1955)66[699:OOTUSN]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Pewe, T.L., 1955, Origin of the upland silt near Fairbanks, Alaska: GSA Bulletin, v. 66, no. 6, p. 699-724, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1955)66[699:OOTUSN]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"699","endPage":"724","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":380210,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Fairbanks","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -149.7216796875,\n 64.32087157990324\n ],\n [\n -145.43701171875,\n 64.32087157990324\n ],\n [\n -145.43701171875,\n 65.59480042624011\n ],\n [\n -149.7216796875,\n 65.59480042624011\n ],\n [\n -149.7216796875,\n 64.32087157990324\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pewe, T. L.","contributorId":35786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pewe","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":804204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":33311,"text":"b989 - 1955 - Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":57000,"text":"b989A - 1953 - Geology of Buldir Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska","indexId":"b989A","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Geology of Buldir Island, Aleutian Islands, Alaska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33311,"text":"b989 - 1955 - Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53","indexId":"b989","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":57001,"text":"b989B - 1953 - Gypsum deposits near Iyoukeen Cove, Chichagof Island, southeastern Alaska","indexId":"b989B","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Gypsum deposits near Iyoukeen Cove, Chichagof Island, southeastern Alaska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33311,"text":"b989 - 1955 - Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53","indexId":"b989","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53"},"id":2},{"subject":{"id":57002,"text":"b989C - 1953 - Gypsiferous deposits on Sheep Mountain, Alaska","indexId":"b989C","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Gypsiferous deposits on Sheep Mountain, Alaska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33311,"text":"b989 - 1955 - Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53","indexId":"b989","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53"},"id":3},{"subject":{"id":57003,"text":"b989D - 1954 - Geology of the eastern part of the Alaska Range and adjacent area","indexId":"b989D","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Geology of the eastern part of the Alaska Range and adjacent area"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33311,"text":"b989 - 1955 - Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53","indexId":"b989","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53"},"id":4},{"subject":{"id":57004,"text":"b989E - 1954 - Geology of the Prince William Sound region, Alaska","indexId":"b989E","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Geology of the Prince William Sound region, Alaska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33311,"text":"b989 - 1955 - Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53","indexId":"b989","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53"},"id":5},{"subject":{"id":57005,"text":"b989F - 1954 - Effect of permafrost on cultivated fields, Fairbanks area, Alaska","indexId":"b989F","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"chapter":"F","title":"Effect of permafrost on cultivated fields, Fairbanks area, Alaska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33311,"text":"b989 - 1955 - Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53","indexId":"b989","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53"},"id":6},{"subject":{"id":57006,"text":"b989G - 1955 - Geology and coal deposits, Jarvis Creek coal field, Alaska","indexId":"b989G","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"chapter":"G","title":"Geology and coal deposits, Jarvis Creek coal field, Alaska"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":33311,"text":"b989 - 1955 - Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53","indexId":"b989","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"title":"Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53"},"id":7}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-08T13:13:54","indexId":"b989","displayToPublicDate":"1955-01-01T14:31:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"989","title":"Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/b989","usgsCitation":"Coats, R.R., 1955, Mineral resources of Alaska, 1951-53: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 989, 367 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b989.","productDescription":"367 p.","temporalStart":"1951-01-01","temporalEnd":"1953-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":344658,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/989/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":289485,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/989/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ 172.44,51.21 ], [ 172.44,71.39 ], [ -129.99,71.39 ], [ -129.99,51.21 ], [ 172.44,51.21 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53bbc176e4b084059e8bfed7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Coats, Robert R.","contributorId":37788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coats","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":71472,"text":"tei442 - 1955 - Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in Alaska, 1953","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-06-17T10:47:29","indexId":"tei442","displayToPublicDate":"1955-01-01T10:25:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":337,"text":"Trace Elements Investigations","code":"TEI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"442","title":"Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in Alaska, 1953","docAbstract":"During the summer of 1953 the areas investigated for radioactive deposits in Alaska were on Nikolai Creek near Tyonek and on Likes Creek near Seward in south-central Alaska where carnotite-type minerals had been reported; in the headwaters of the Peace River in the eastern part of the Seward Peninsula and at Gold Bench on the South Fork of the Koyukuk River in east-central Alaska, where uranothorianite occurs in places associated with base metal sulfides and hematite; in the vicinity of Port Malmesbury in southeastern Alaska to check a reported occurrence of pitchblende; and, in the Miller House-Circle Hot Springs area of east-central Alaska where geochemical studies were made. No significant lode deposits of radioactive materials were found. However, the placer uranothorianite in the headwaters of the Peace River yet remains as an important lead to bedrock radioactive source materials in Alaska. Tundra cover prevents satisfactory radiometric reconnaissance of the area, and methods of geochemical prospecting such as soil and vegetation sampling may ultimately prove more fruitful in the search for the uranothorianite-sulfide lode source than geophysical methods.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tei442","collaboration":"This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Raw Materials of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission","usgsCitation":"Matzko, J., and Bates, R., 1955, Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in Alaska, 1953: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Investigations 442, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tei442.","productDescription":"29 p.","numberOfPages":"30","temporalStart":"1953-01-01","temporalEnd":"1953-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":284144,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tei442.jpg"},{"id":285852,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tei/0442/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -170.0,55.0 ], [ -170.0,70.0 ], [ -120.0,70.0 ], [ -120.0,55.0 ], [ -170.0,55.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53559531e4b0120853e8c188","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Matzko, John J.","contributorId":79459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matzko","given":"John J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bates, Robert G.","contributorId":102867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bates","given":"Robert G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":284237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":14389,"text":"ofr5577 - 1955 - Iliamna Volcano and its basement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-30T21:28:06.122868","indexId":"ofr5577","displayToPublicDate":"1955-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1955","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"55-77","title":"Iliamna Volcano and its basement","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5577","usgsCitation":"Juhle, W., 1955, Iliamna Volcano and its basement: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 55-77, Report: 74 p.; 2 Plates: 23.30 x 35.94 inches and 18.94 x 18.62 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5577.","productDescription":"Report: 74 p.; 2 Plates: 23.30 x 35.94 inches and 18.94 x 18.62 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":43066,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0077/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43065,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0077/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43064,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0077/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148823,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0077/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":420338,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_7880.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Iliamna Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.5,\n 59.583\n ],\n [\n -152.5,\n 59.583\n ],\n [\n -152.5,\n 60.333\n ],\n [\n -153.5,\n 60.333\n ],\n [\n -153.5,\n 59.583\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c6f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Juhle, Werner","contributorId":81921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Juhle","given":"Werner","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70042910,"text":"70042910 - 1954 - Correlation of the cretaceous formations of Greenland and Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":14260,"text":"ofr53135 - 1953 - Correlation of the Cretaceous formations of Greenland and Alaska","indexId":"ofr53135","publicationYear":"1953","noYear":false,"title":"Correlation of the Cretaceous formations of Greenland and Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70042910,"text":"70042910 - 1954 - Correlation of the cretaceous formations of Greenland and Alaska","indexId":"70042910","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Correlation of the cretaceous formations of Greenland and Alaska"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-28T20:30:42","indexId":"70042910","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Correlation of the cretaceous formations of Greenland and Alaska","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1954)65[223:COTCFO]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Imlay, R.W., and Reeside, J.B., 1954, Correlation of the cretaceous formations of Greenland and Alaska: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 65, no. 3, p. 223-246, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1954)65[223:COTCFO]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"246","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266642,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1954)65[223:COTCFO]2.0.CO;2"}],"country":"United States;Greenland","state":"Alaska","volume":"65","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5107ac13e4b0df796f216e6f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Imlay, Ralph W.","contributorId":40981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Imlay","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reeside, John B.","contributorId":66273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reeside","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":472576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":3300,"text":"cir316 - 1954 - Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in the Eagle-Nation area, east-central Alaska, 1948","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:29","indexId":"cir316","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"316","title":"Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in the Eagle-Nation area, east-central Alaska, 1948","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"[U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/cir316","usgsCitation":"Wedow, H., 1954, Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in the Eagle-Nation area, east-central Alaska, 1948: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 316, 9 p. :maps (1 fold. in pocket) tables. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir316.","productDescription":"9 p. :maps (1 fold. in pocket) tables. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117593,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0316/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30297,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0316/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":30298,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0316/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db644462","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wedow, Helmuth","contributorId":67495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wedow","given":"Helmuth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":12563,"text":"ofr557 - 1954 - Subsurface exploration in the Little Susitna district, Matanuska coal field, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":12563,"text":"ofr557 - 1954 - Subsurface exploration in the Little Susitna district, Matanuska coal field, Alaska","indexId":"ofr557","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Subsurface exploration in the Little Susitna district, Matanuska coal field, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":47365,"text":"b1058D - 1959 - Geology and coal resources of the Little Susitna district, Matanuska coal field, Alaska","indexId":"b1058D","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Geology and coal resources of the Little Susitna district, Matanuska coal field, Alaska"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":47365,"text":"b1058D - 1959 - Geology and coal resources of the Little Susitna district, Matanuska coal field, Alaska","indexId":"b1058D","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"title":"Geology and coal resources of the Little Susitna district, Matanuska coal field, Alaska"},"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-21T16:05:58.97712","indexId":"ofr557","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"55-7","title":"Subsurface exploration in the Little Susitna district, Matanuska coal field, Alaska","docAbstract":"Preliminary geologic mapping of the Little Susitna district in 1952 showed that an area of at least 140 square miles is underlain by coal-bearing rocks of Tertiary age, and indicated that coal beds of minable quality and thickness might be present at several localities. Detailed exploration with a bulldozer and power auger was done at these localities in 1953 and 1954 with special attention to strip-mining possibilities.
All the beds examined at the four localities tested were judged to be either too thin or too dirty to be minable under present conditions, and none of them are favorably situated for strip mining.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr557","usgsCitation":"Barnes, F.F., and Sokol, D., 1954, Subsurface exploration in the Little Susitna district, Matanuska coal field, Alaska (Superceded by: B-1058-D): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 55-7, Report: 29 p.; 8 Plates: 55.13 x 28.60 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr557.","productDescription":"Report: 29 p.; 8 Plates: 55.13 x 28.60 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145421,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0007/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":429102,"rank":10,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0007/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":429101,"rank":9,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0007/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":429100,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0007/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":429099,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0007/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":429098,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0007/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":429097,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0007/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":429096,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0007/plate-7.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":429095,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0007/plate-8.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":429094,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1955/0007/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Little Susitna district","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.2441873658567,\n 62.90105029888062\n ],\n [\n -151.2441873658567,\n 61.23388399623599\n ],\n [\n -149.78937458313527,\n 61.23388399623599\n ],\n [\n -149.78937458313527,\n 62.90105029888062\n ],\n [\n -151.2441873658567,\n 62.90105029888062\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Superceded by: B-1058-D","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699ad5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnes, Farrell F.","contributorId":58624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"Farrell","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sokol, Daniel","contributorId":28298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sokol","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":901052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":3299,"text":"cir331 - 1954 - Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in eastern interior Alaska, 1946","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:29","indexId":"cir331","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"331","title":"Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in eastern interior Alaska, 1946","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"[U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/cir331","usgsCitation":"Wedow, H., and Killeen, P.L., 1954, Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in eastern interior Alaska, 1946: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 331, i, 36 p. :maps, diagr., tables. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir331.","productDescription":"i, 36 p. :maps, diagr., tables. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117592,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0331/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30296,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0331/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db644475","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wedow, Helmuth","contributorId":67495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wedow","given":"Helmuth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Killeen, Pemberton Lewis","contributorId":108090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Killeen","given":"Pemberton","email":"","middleInitial":"Lewis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":13430,"text":"ofr5473 - 1954 - Iron deposits of North America, Cuba, and Puerto Rico","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13430,"text":"ofr5473 - 1954 - Iron deposits of North America, Cuba, and Puerto Rico","indexId":"ofr5473","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Iron deposits of North America, Cuba, and Puerto Rico"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":47377,"text":"b1082C - 1959 - Iron-ore resources of the United States including Alaska and Puerto Rico, 1955","indexId":"b1082C","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Iron-ore resources of the United States including Alaska and Puerto Rico, 1955"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":47377,"text":"b1082C - 1959 - Iron-ore resources of the United States including Alaska and Puerto Rico, 1955","indexId":"b1082C","publicationYear":"1959","noYear":false,"title":"Iron-ore resources of the United States including Alaska and Puerto Rico, 1955"},"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-30T14:37:22.915194","indexId":"ofr5473","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"54-73","title":"Iron deposits of North America, Cuba, and Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"The accompanying report on the iron deposits of the North American continent also includes information concerning the deposits of the West Indies. The geogrphic order of desription is as follows: Alaska, Canada, United States, Mexico, Cuba, and Puerto Rico.
A map of each country shows the generalized geologic pattern of the area and the location for selected iron deposits. The descriptions of individual districts or deposits present, insofar as were found available, data on the geologic occurrence, shape, size, grade, and estimated reserves.
The term \"iron deposit\" is used as a general designation for occurrences in which iron-ore minerals or protors minerals are abundant; the deposit may or may not be commercially valuable at the present time. \"Iron ore\" and \"iron-ore deposit\" are restricted to minerals that are, or are likely to be, of value to industry.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr5473","usgsCitation":"Dutton, C.E., 1954, Iron deposits of North America, Cuba, and Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 54-73, iii, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr5473.","productDescription":"iii, 44 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145130,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0073/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":486728,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Canada, Cuba, United States","otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico, North America","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -170.13041607163203,\n 52.600231000937015\n ],\n [\n -127.70385838241458,\n 37.9406822826313\n ],\n [\n -99.65249964950699,\n 11.753391998120804\n ],\n [\n -77.5843187133973,\n 17.099058572752128\n ],\n [\n -63.282714397347306,\n 17.53202531689675\n ],\n [\n -80.02020471519398,\n 30.338507640097845\n ],\n [\n -48.73450088903155,\n 45.95628096889013\n ],\n [\n -76.53556715748198,\n 69.82462038304507\n ],\n [\n -168.28171752939653,\n 69.90929002756764\n ],\n [\n -170.13041607163203,\n 52.600231000937015\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db66730f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dutton, Carl E.","contributorId":27418,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dutton","given":"Carl","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":15455,"text":"ofr54241 - 1954 - Reconnaissance geology of the Malaspina district, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":15455,"text":"ofr54241 - 1954 - Reconnaissance geology of the Malaspina district, Alaska","indexId":"ofr54241","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Reconnaissance geology of the Malaspina district, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":68916,"text":"om189 - 1957 - Reconnaissance geology of the Malaspina district, Alaska","indexId":"om189","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"title":"Reconnaissance geology of the Malaspina district, Alaska"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":68916,"text":"om189 - 1957 - Reconnaissance geology of the Malaspina district, Alaska","indexId":"om189","publicationYear":"1957","noYear":false,"title":"Reconnaissance geology of the Malaspina district, Alaska"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-29T20:09:02.201305","indexId":"ofr54241","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"54-241","title":"Reconnaissance geology of the Malaspina district, Alaska","docAbstract":"This report presents in preliminary form the results of a reconnaissance geologic investigation of the Malaspina district, undertaken by the United States Geological Survey as part of a project to investigate the petroleum possibilities of the Gulf of Alaska Tertiary province. (See index map.)
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr54241","usgsCitation":"Plafker, G., and Miller, D.J., 1954, Reconnaissance geology of the Malaspina district, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 54-241, Report: 15 p.; 1 Plate: 39.60 x 28.59 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr54241.","productDescription":"Report: 15 p.; 1 Plate: 39.60 x 28.59 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":421423,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0241/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":421422,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0241/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":149034,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0241/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Malaspina district","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -141.3675,59.5 ], [ -141.3675,60.333333333333336 ], [ -139.5,60.333333333333336 ], [ -139.5,59.5 ], [ -141.3675,59.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640a44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plafker, George","contributorId":3920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Don John","contributorId":77120,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":3298,"text":"cir335 - 1954 - Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in east-central Alaska, 1949","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:29","indexId":"cir335","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"335","title":"Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in east-central Alaska, 1949","docAbstract":"In the summer of 1949, several mines and prospects in the Fairbanks and Livengood quadrangles, east-central Alaska, were examined for the possible presence of radioactive materials. Also tested were metamorphic and sedimentary rocks of pre-Cambrian and Paleozoic age crossed by the Elliott Highway, which extends from Fox, near Fairbanks, northwestward about 70 miles to the town of Livengood. Nuggets consisting chiefly of native bismuth and containing as much as 0.1 percent equivalent uranium had been found previously in a placer on Fish Creek several miles downstream from the reported bismuth-bearing lode on Melba Creek, but none of the lodes tested in 1949 exhibited radioactivity in excess of 0. 003 percent equivalent uranium. The greatest radioactivity found in the rocks along the Elliott Highway was in an iron-stained pre-Cambrian schist and in a carbonaceous(?) shale of Middle Devonian or Carboniferous age. Respective samples of these rocks contain 0. 003 and 0.004 percent equivalent uranium. A possible local bedrock source for the euxenite-polycrase mineral found in a placer concentrate containing about 0.04 percent equivalent uranium was sought in the watershed of Goodluck Creek, near Livengood. The bedrock source of this mineral could not be located and it is believed that the source could be outside of the Goodluck watershed because drainage changes during Quaternary time may well have introduced gravels from nearby areas.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"[U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/cir335","usgsCitation":"Wedow, H., and White, M., 1954, Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in east-central Alaska, 1949: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 335, iii, 22 p. :maps (2 fold. in pocket) tables. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir335.","productDescription":"iii, 22 p. :maps (2 fold. in pocket) tables. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0335/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30295,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0335/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683a8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wedow, Helmuth","contributorId":67495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wedow","given":"Helmuth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, M.G.","contributorId":52953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"M.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":3427,"text":"cir318 - 1954 - Eruption of Trident Volcano, Katmai National Monument, Alaska, February–June 1953","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-11T20:50:28.357515","indexId":"cir318","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"318","title":"Eruption of Trident Volcano, Katmai National Monument, Alaska, February–June 1953","docAbstract":"Trident Volcano, one of several 'extinct' volcanoes in Katmai National Monument, erupted on February 15, 1953. Observers in a U. S. Navy plane, 50 miles away, and in King Salmon, 75 miles away, reported an initial column of smoke that rose to an estimated 30, 000 feet. Thick smoke and fog on the succeeding 2 days prevented observers from identifying the erupting volcano or assessing the severity of the eruption. It is almost certain, however, that during the latter part of this foggy period, either Mount Martin or Mount Mageik, or both, were also erupting sizable ash clouds nearby. The first close aerial observations were made in clear weather on February 18. At this time a thick, blocky lava flow was seen issuing slowly from a new vent at an altitude of 3,600 feet on the southwest flank of Trident Volcano. Other volcanic orifices in the area were only steaming mildly on this and succeeding days. Observations made in the following weeks from Naval aircraft patrolling the area indicated that both gas and ash evolution and lava extrusion from the Trident vent were continuing without major interruption. By March 11 an estimated 80-160 million cubic yards of rock material had been extruded. Air photographs taken in April and June show that the extrusion of lava had continued intermittently and, by June 17, the volume of the pile was perhaps 300-400 million cubic yards of rock material. Ash eruptions also apparently occurred sporadically during this period, the last significant surge taking place June 30. No civilian or military installations have been endangered by this eruption at the date of writing.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir318","usgsCitation":"Snyder, G.L., 1954, Eruption of Trident Volcano, Katmai National Monument, Alaska, February–June 1953: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 318, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir318.","productDescription":"7 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394212,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23878.htm"},{"id":30441,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0318/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":117991,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0318/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Katmai National Monument, Trident Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.159,\n 58.182\n ],\n [\n -155.052,\n 58.182\n ],\n [\n -155.052,\n 58.261\n ],\n [\n -155.159,\n 58.261\n ],\n [\n -155.159,\n 58.182\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fde98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snyder, George L.","contributorId":6843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snyder","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3274,"text":"cir328 - 1954 - Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in the lower Yukon-Kuskokwim region, Alaska, 1952","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:29","indexId":"cir328","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"328","title":"Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in the lower Yukon-Kuskokwim region, Alaska, 1952","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"[U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/cir328","usgsCitation":"West, W., 1954, Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in the lower Yukon-Kuskokwim region, Alaska, 1952: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 328, 10 p. :maps (2 fold. in pocket) tables. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir328.","productDescription":"10 p. :maps (2 fold. in pocket) tables. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117679,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0328/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30269,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0328/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":30270,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0328/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":30271,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0328/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db644307","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"West, Walter S.","contributorId":32511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"Walter S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":2143,"text":"wsp1460A - 1954 - Chemical character of public water supplies of the larger cities of Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":51918,"text":"ofr5676 - 1956 - Chemical character of the public water supplies of the larger cities of Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico, 1954","indexId":"ofr5676","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"title":"Chemical character of the public water supplies of the larger cities of Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico, 1954"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2143,"text":"wsp1460A - 1954 - Chemical character of public water supplies of the larger cities of Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico","indexId":"wsp1460A","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"chapter":"A","title":"Chemical character of public water supplies of the larger cities of Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:18","indexId":"wsp1460A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1460","chapter":"A","title":"Chemical character of public water supplies of the larger cities of Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp1460A","usgsCitation":"Lohr, E.W., 1954, Chemical character of public water supplies of the larger cities of Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1460, iv, 39 p. :map ;24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1460A.","productDescription":"iv, 39 p. :map ;24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137797,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1460a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27745,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1460a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e47ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lohr, E. 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This report describes the geologic conditions and their relation to possible plans for the development of water power at Cooper, Grant, Ptarmigan, and Crescent Lakes on the Kenai Peninsula near Seward, Alaska.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr54240","usgsCitation":"Plafker, G., 1954, Geologic investigations of proposed power sites at Cooper, Grant, Ptarmigan and Crescent Lakes, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 54-240, Report: 38 p.; 4 Plates: 23.38 x 29.30 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr54240.","productDescription":"Report: 38 p.; 4 Plates: 23.38 x 29.30 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":421640,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0240/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":421639,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0240/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":421638,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0240/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":421637,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0240/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":421636,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0240/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148756,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0240/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Cooper Lake, Crescent Lake, Grant Lake, Ptarmigan Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.95478843900045,\n 60.936198542908755\n ],\n [\n -153.95478843900045,\n 59.123393322902785\n ],\n [\n -147.7587939475696,\n 59.123393322902785\n ],\n [\n -147.7587939475696,\n 60.936198542908755\n ],\n [\n -153.95478843900045,\n 60.936198542908755\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4f1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Plafker, George","contributorId":3920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Plafker","given":"George","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":13927,"text":"ofr54107 - 1954 - Results of petroleum exploration in Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13927,"text":"ofr54107 - 1954 - Results of petroleum exploration in Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas, Alaska","indexId":"ofr54107","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Results of petroleum exploration in Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":39092,"text":"pp301 - 1958 - Exploration of Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas, northern Alaska, 1944-53; Part 1, History of the exploration","indexId":"pp301","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"title":"Exploration of Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas, northern Alaska, 1944-53; Part 1, History of the exploration"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":39092,"text":"pp301 - 1958 - Exploration of Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas, northern Alaska, 1944-53; Part 1, History of the exploration","indexId":"pp301","publicationYear":"1958","noYear":false,"title":"Exploration of Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas, northern Alaska, 1944-53; Part 1, History of the exploration"},"lastModifiedDate":"2021-06-30T12:33:24.156164","indexId":"ofr54107","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"54-107","title":"Results of petroleum exploration in Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas, Alaska","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr54107","usgsCitation":"Gryc, G., and Jensen, R., 1954, Results of petroleum exploration in Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 54-107, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr54107.","productDescription":"HTML Document","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147004,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":111205,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/id/10501","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ce4b07f02db613c09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gryc, George","contributorId":23942,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gryc","given":"George","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jensen, R.C.","contributorId":12056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":4081,"text":"cir332 - 1954 - The Kathleen-Margaret (K-M) copper prospect on the upper Maclaren River, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:32","indexId":"cir332","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"332","title":"The Kathleen-Margaret (K-M) copper prospect on the upper Maclaren River, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir332","usgsCitation":"Chapman, R., and Saunders, R.H., 1954, The Kathleen-Margaret (K-M) copper prospect on the upper Maclaren River, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 332, ii, 5 p. :ill., map ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir332.","productDescription":"ii, 5 p. :ill., map ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":111162,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/id/15881","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":139147,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0332/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":112508,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0332/report.pdf","size":"1154","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67c08f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapman, Robert M.","contributorId":81888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapman","given":"Robert M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saunders, Robert H.","contributorId":14807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saunders","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":148149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":14336,"text":"ofr54134 - 1954 - Preliminary report on the water-power possibilities of the Seldovia River, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:08","indexId":"ofr54134","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"54-134","title":"Preliminary report on the water-power possibilities of the Seldovia River, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/ofr54134","usgsCitation":"Johnson, F., 1954, Preliminary report on the water-power possibilities of the Seldovia River, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 54-134, 17 p. ill., map ;29 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr54134.","productDescription":"17 p. ill., map ;29 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":111208,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/id/10504","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aade4b07f02db66b5a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Fred A.","contributorId":93863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Fred A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3605,"text":"cir348 - 1954 - Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in eastern Alaska, 1952","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:26","indexId":"cir348","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"348","title":"Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in eastern Alaska, 1952","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"[U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/cir348","usgsCitation":"Nelson, A.E., West, W., and Matzko, J., 1954, Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in eastern Alaska, 1952: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 348, ii, 21 p. :maps, tables. ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir348.","productDescription":"ii, 21 p. :maps, tables. ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117198,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0348/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30640,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0348/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db644401","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nelson, Arthur E.","contributorId":6035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":147244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"West, Walter S.","contributorId":32511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"West","given":"Walter S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Matzko, John J.","contributorId":79459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matzko","given":"John J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":3314,"text":"cir310 - 1954 - Stripping-coal deposits on lower Lignite Creek, Nenana coal field, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:41","indexId":"cir310","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"310","title":"Stripping-coal deposits on lower Lignite Creek, Nenana coal field, Alaska","docAbstract":"Stripping-coal reserves in an area of about 9.4 square miles extending from the Nenana River about 6 miles up the valley of Lignite Creek are estimated to amount to about 95, 000, 000 tons. The stripping-coal reserves are located in the lower and middle members of the Tertiary coal-bearing formation. Five continuous beds in the middle member range in thickness from 5 to 30 feet, and a discontinuous bed at the base of the lower member is about 60 feet thick. Analyses of outcrop samples, as received at the laboratory, show a heating content of 7,500--8,200 Btu, an ash content of 6 to 14 percent, and a moisture content of 25 percent. The reserve estimate is based on a maximum thickness of overburden of 200 feet. Coal below the level of Lignite Creek or its major tributaries was not considered as it was assumed that stripping would be by hydraulic methods. Uncertainties regarding the position of the coal outcrops and the extent of burning of the coal beds are the basis for a recommendation that, where possible, the stripping reserves be tested by drilling. \r\n\r\nOverburden consists largely of weakly consolidated sandstone and includes some coarse gravel and a few boulders 20 feet or more in diameter. Water for hydraulic mining can be obtained from the Nenana River. Lignite Creek does not appear to be a dependable source. Disposal of debris may affect the channel of the Nenana River causing damage to railroads and structures. Landslides are common in the valley of Lignite Creek and will affect mining operations and transportation routes.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir310","usgsCitation":"Wahrhaftig, C., and Birman, J.H., 1954, Stripping-coal deposits on lower Lignite Creek, Nenana coal field, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 310, iv, 11 p. :ill., maps (5 fold. in pocket) ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir310.","productDescription":"iv, 11 p. :ill., maps (5 fold. in pocket) ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":109916,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_23775.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"23775"},{"id":124692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0310/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30319,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0310/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4b60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wahrhaftig, Clyde","contributorId":102473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahrhaftig","given":"Clyde","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Birman, Joseph H.","contributorId":37196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birman","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":14390,"text":"ofr54137 - 1954 - Preliminary report of geologic factors affecting highway construction in the area between the Susitna and Maclaren rivers, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:06","indexId":"ofr54137","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"54-137","title":"Preliminary report of geologic factors affecting highway construction in the area between the Susitna and Maclaren rivers, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey],","doi":"10.3133/ofr54137","usgsCitation":"Kachadoorian, R., Hopkins, D.M., and Nichols, D., 1954, Preliminary report of geologic factors affecting highway construction in the area between the Susitna and Maclaren rivers, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 54-137, 74 p. ill., maps (1 col.) ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr54137.","productDescription":"74 p. ill., maps (1 col.) ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148824,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0137/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43067,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0137/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cbe6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kachadoorian, Reuben","contributorId":24336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kachadoorian","given":"Reuben","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hopkins, David Moody","contributorId":39778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hopkins","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"Moody","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, D.R.","contributorId":42979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169376,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":3622,"text":"cir317 - 1954 - Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in the Manley Hot Springs-Rampart District, east-central Alaska, 1948","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:33","indexId":"cir317","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"317","title":"Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in the Manley Hot Springs-Rampart District, east-central Alaska, 1948","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir317","usgsCitation":"Moxham, R.M., 1954, Reconnaissance for radioactive deposits in the Manley Hot Springs-Rampart District, east-central Alaska, 1948: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 317, 6 p. :map ;27 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir317.","productDescription":"6 p. :map ;27 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":117411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0317/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30661,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1954/0317/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db644402","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moxham, Robert M.","contributorId":56210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moxham","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":13879,"text":"ofr54103 - 1954 - Magnetite deposits at Tuxedni Bay, Alaska","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13879,"text":"ofr54103 - 1954 - Magnetite deposits at Tuxedni Bay, Alaska","indexId":"ofr54103","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"title":"Magnetite deposits at Tuxedni Bay, Alaska"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":34548,"text":"b1024D - 1956 - Magnetite deposits at Tuxedni Bay, Alaska","indexId":"b1024D","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Magnetite deposits at Tuxedni Bay, Alaska"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":34548,"text":"b1024D - 1956 - Magnetite deposits at Tuxedni Bay, Alaska","indexId":"b1024D","publicationYear":"1956","noYear":false,"title":"Magnetite deposits at Tuxedni Bay, Alaska"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-25T20:40:57.798258","indexId":"ofr54103","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"54-103","title":"Magnetite deposits at Tuxedni Bay, Alaska","docAbstract":"The magnetite deposits on an island in Tuxedni Bay occur in contact-metamorphosed volcanic and sedimentary rocks near their contact with a quartz diorite batholith which underlies large areas of the adjacent Aleutian Range. The deposits are pyrometasomatic in origin and are localized along northeast-trending fractures. The eastern deposit is a low-grade disseminated deposit occurring in hornfels. The western deposit occurs as a massive lens of magnetite and garnet with a marble hanging wall and a hornfels footwall. The tenor of mineral rock in the western deposit may average 75 percent of magnetite. The deposit is lenticular and can be followed along strike for 55 feet in outcrop and, where concealed beneath a cover of soil and vegetation, can be followed for an additional 55 feet with a dip needle. Where exposed in a sea cliff the deposit is 30 to 35 feet thick.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr54103","usgsCitation":"Grantz, A., 1954, Magnetite deposits at Tuxedni Bay, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 54-103, Report: 17 p.; 4 Plates: 16.46 x 18.32 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr54103.","productDescription":"Report: 17 p.; 4 Plates: 16.46 x 18.32 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":419326,"rank":6,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0103/figure-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":419325,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0103/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":419324,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0103/plate-2A.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":419323,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0103/plate-2B.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":419322,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0103/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":144712,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1954/0103/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tuxedni Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -153.07544716539093,\n 60.32497821052422\n ],\n [\n -153.07544716539093,\n 60.082143661735074\n ],\n [\n -152.48793068629226,\n 60.082143661735074\n ],\n [\n -152.48793068629226,\n 60.32497821052422\n ],\n [\n -153.07544716539093,\n 60.32497821052422\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db6443c9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grantz, Arthur agrantz@usgs.gov","contributorId":2585,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grantz","given":"Arthur","email":"agrantz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":168557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":51694,"text":"ofr54168 - 1954 - Progress of microfossil investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska, 1947","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:11:14","indexId":"ofr54168","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1954","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"54-168","title":"Progress of microfossil investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska, 1947","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr54168","usgsCitation":"Loeblich, H., 1954, Progress of microfossil investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska, 1947: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 54-168, 9 p., 2 plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr54168.","productDescription":"9 p., 2 plates","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":176427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65df41","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Loeblich, H.N.","contributorId":60310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loeblich","given":"H.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":244149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}