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With the challenges confronting North America's elk herds today, a bacteria that causes a nonfatal disease in a few elk herds seems an unlikely addition to the list. Fragmentation of habitat, dwindling bull-cow ratios, grazing competition from livestock on public rangelands, or the crowding of favorite hunting spots all seem like far more urgent matters to elk junkies. But a twist of fate an a national campaign to eradicate this seemingly innocuous bacterium have put brucellosis on the front burner.

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America\"}}]}","volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5fa769","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, B.","contributorId":53740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roffe, T.J.","contributorId":22279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roffe","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003820,"text":"1003820 - 1992 - Tuberculosis: Will it infect wild elk?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-28T19:22:26.11508","indexId":"1003820","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1089,"text":"Bugle","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tuberculosis: Will it infect wild elk?","docAbstract":"

Tuberculosis! Just the name conjures up images of a devastating, chronic, debilitating disease. And so it is in both humans and animals. Tuberculosis (TB) is not known to be present to any significant degree in the free-ranging elk herds of North America. But increasing reports of TB in deer species-including elk-on game ranches prompt grave concern.

","language":"English","publisher":"Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation","usgsCitation":"Roffe, T., and Smith, B., 1992, Tuberculosis: Will it infect wild elk?: Bugle, v. 9, no. 3, p. 86-92.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"86","endPage":"92","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130610,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"North 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America\"}}]}","volume":"9","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47d6e4b07f02db4b31e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roffe, T.J.","contributorId":22279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roffe","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, B.","contributorId":53740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70187596,"text":"70187596 - 1992 - Mesozoic structure, metamorphism, and magmatism in the Pilot Range and the Toano Ranges","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-09T18:14:09","indexId":"70187596","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Mesozoic structure, metamorphism, and magmatism in the Pilot Range and the Toano Ranges","docAbstract":"

No abstract available 

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Field guide to geologic excursions in Utah and adjacent areas of Nevada, Idaho, and Wyoming","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Utah Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Miller, D., and Hoisch, T., 1992, Mesozoic structure, metamorphism, and magmatism in the Pilot Range and the Toano Ranges, chap. of Field guide to geologic excursions in Utah and adjacent areas of Nevada, Idaho, and Wyoming, p. 79-92.","productDescription":"14 p. ","startPage":"79","endPage":"92","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":341028,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5912d53ee4b0e541a03d4553","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, D. M. 0000-0003-3711-0441","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":104422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoisch, T.D.","contributorId":105863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoisch","given":"T.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70186695,"text":"70186695 - 1992 - Late Cenozoic faulting at the boundary between the Mojave and Sonoran blocks; Bristol Lake area, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T10:51:53","indexId":"70186695","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Late Cenozoic faulting at the boundary between the Mojave and Sonoran blocks; Bristol Lake area, California","docAbstract":"

No abstract available 

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Deformation associated with the Neogene, eastern California shear zone, south­ eastern California and southwestern Arizona","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Workshop on the Eastern California Shear Zone, southeastern California and southwestern Arizona","conferenceDate":"September 4-6, 1991","conferenceLocation":"Santa Barbara, California","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Howard, K.A., and Miller, D., 1992, Late Cenozoic faulting at the boundary between the Mojave and Sonoran blocks; Bristol Lake area, California, in Deformation associated with the Neogene, eastern California shear zone, south­ eastern California and southwestern Arizona, Santa Barbara, California, September 4-6, 1991, p. 37-47.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"37","endPage":"47","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":339409,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e8a554e4b09da6799d641a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howard, K. A.","contributorId":48938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Howard","given":"K.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, D. M. 0000-0003-3711-0441","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":104422,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"D. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":690303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185091,"text":"70185091 - 1992 - Structural evolution of an arc-basin: The Gravina Belt in central southeastern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-09T14:47:12.178594","indexId":"70185091","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3524,"text":"Tectonics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Structural evolution of an arc-basin: The Gravina Belt in central southeastern Alaska","docAbstract":"

The upper Middle Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Gravina belt lies along the eastern margin of the Alexander terrane in southeastern Alaska. This group of turbidites and mafic to intermediate volcanic rocks was deformed during mid to Late Cretaceous time during the closing of a basin of unknown size between the Alexander terrane on the west and the Stikine terrane to the east. Therefore structures of Gravina belt rocks largely reflect the final accretion and subsequent transport of the Alexander terrane. Six geologic transects across the central Gravina belt (southern Mitkof Island to northern Douglas Island) define a structural history that includes (1) syndepositional soft-sediment folding and faulting, possibly in conjunction with block tilting and extension; (2) tight to isoclinal folding or thrust faulting, with formation of a slaty cleavage (S1) striking ∼330°; (3) local coaxial refolding with formation of crenulation cleavage (S2); (4) development of domainal crenulation folds and cleavage (S3) oriented at a large angle to the margin of the belt; (5) intrusion of tonalitic plutons around 90 Ma; and (6) right-lateral strike-slip displacement on faults oriented ∼330°. Finite strain measurements on sedimentary rocks suggest the belt was at least twice its present width, normal to the foliation, before deformation. Subhorizontal margin-parallel fold axes, margin-parallel slaty cleavage, and margin-perpendicular stretching lineations suggest orthogonal contraction of the Gravina basin, assuming that oblique plate convergence was not decoupled along strike-slip faults. After contractional deformation, strike-slip faults indicate dextral displacement (probably of the order of several tens of kilometers) of the Alexander terrane with respect to the terranes to the east. Domainal crenulation folds and cleavages at a high angle to the margin of the belt suggest that the change in convergence directions occurred while the rocks (presently at the surface) could still plastically deform. This kinematic interpretation of structures is consistent with changes in plate motions [Engebretson et al., 1985]. Before 100 Ma, the convergence directions between the Kula and North America plates were at a high angle to the continental margin, whereas after 100 Ma, convergence directions were at a small angle to the continental margin. In addition, after 100 Ma, the Kula-North America, and not the Farallon-North America, convergence direction is most compatible with a N-S principal paleostress orientation derived from inversion of strike-slip fault data. This relationship suggests that it may have been the Kula plate that drove northward transport of the Alexander terrane along the margin of North America.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/92TC01107","usgsCitation":"Haeussler, P.J., 1992, Structural evolution of an arc-basin: The Gravina Belt in central southeastern Alaska: Tectonics, v. 11, no. 6, p. 1245-1265, https://doi.org/10.1029/92TC01107.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1245","endPage":"1265","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337548,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Alexander terrane","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -135.92998305119977,\n 58.76028709475264\n ],\n [\n -135.92998305119977,\n 56.61312544505941\n ],\n [\n -133.71072320749985,\n 56.61312544505941\n ],\n [\n -133.71072320749985,\n 58.76028709475264\n ],\n [\n -135.92998305119977,\n 58.76028709475264\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90130e4b0849ce97abd57","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeussler, Peter J. 0000-0002-1503-6247 pheuslr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1503-6247","contributorId":503,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeussler","given":"Peter","email":"pheuslr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70187577,"text":"70187577 - 1992 - Land processes DAAC moves ahead","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-09T13:38:14","indexId":"70187577","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3555,"text":"The Earth Observer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Land processes DAAC moves ahead","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"NASA","usgsCitation":"Bailey, G., 1992, Land processes DAAC moves ahead: The Earth Observer, v. 4, no. 6, p. 20-24.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"20","endPage":"24","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5912d53fe4b0e541a03d455b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bailey, G. B.","contributorId":105041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"G. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70187578,"text":"70187578 - 1992 - Monitoring rangeland dynamics in Senegal with advanced very high resolution radiometer data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-09T13:41:11","indexId":"70187578","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1753,"text":"Geocarto International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring rangeland dynamics in Senegal with advanced very high resolution radiometer data","docAbstract":"

Time‐series Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data, computed from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer data, are being used by regional and national programs in the African Sahel to monitor seasonal rangeland conditions. The data are often used as indicators of grazing conditions and drought. However, distinguishing rangelands from other vegetation cover types on NDVI images is difficult. A second complication is that rangeland types and their associated productivity vary geographically by soil type. To effectively assess rangeland conditions, seasonal fluctuations (due to climatic cycles) must be isolated from long‐term production characteristics associated with vegetation type and soil differences. Rangeland NDVI dynamics, including qualitative assessments of rangeland production, and the timing and length of the growing season in Senegal were examined by using 7.4‐km global area coverage satellite data. Analyses were based on 10‐day NDVI composite image data from 1982 through 1989. The NDVI image data were stratified by rangeland and soil polygons derived from locally available resource maps. Time‐series NDVI statistics were calculated from the resource polygons that had been interpreted into high, medium, and low production rangelands. Analysts monitoring rangeland conditions can better identify seasonal anomalies such as drought by comparing production potential within homogeneous; resource polygons with the current NDVI data.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/10106049209354356","usgsCitation":"Tappan, G.G., Tyler, D.J., Wehde, M.E., and Moore, D.G., 1992, Monitoring rangeland dynamics in Senegal with advanced very high resolution radiometer data: Geocarto International, v. 7, no. 1, p. 87-98, https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049209354356.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"98","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341007,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5912d53ee4b0e541a03d4559","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tappan, G. Gray 0000-0002-2240-6963 tappan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2240-6963","contributorId":3624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappan","given":"G.","email":"tappan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Gray","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tyler, Dean J. 0000-0002-1542-7539 dtyler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1542-7539","contributorId":4268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyler","given":"Dean","email":"dtyler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wehde, M. E.","contributorId":191158,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wehde","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, Donald G.","contributorId":41146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70180689,"text":"70180689 - 1992 - Prevalence of Renibacterium salmoninarum among downstream-migrating salmonids in the Columbia River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-31T13:52:35","indexId":"70180689","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2177,"text":"Journal of Aquatic Animal Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prevalence of Renibacterium salmoninarum among downstream-migrating salmonids in the Columbia River","docAbstract":"

Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) is an important contributor to mortality of salmonids in hatcheries in the Columbia River basin. However, the impact of BKD on the survival of downstream migrants is difficult to determine because there is little information on the disease-related mortality among these fish. In this study, the impact of BKD on juvenile salmonids was examined by determining the percentage of downriver migrants infected with Renibacterium salmoninarum (the causative agent of BKD) and evaluating the effects of salt water on the progress of the disease. During the 2 years of this study, approximately 20% of the three species of migrating hatchery and wild salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) collected were infected with R. salmoninarum. Mortality caused by BKD increased when fish were held in salt water.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1577/1548-8667(1992)004<0072:PORSAD>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Sanders, J.E., Long, J., Arakawa, C., Bartholomew, J.L., and Rohovec, J., 1992, Prevalence of Renibacterium salmoninarum among downstream-migrating salmonids in the Columbia River: Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, v. 4, no. 1, p. 72-75, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8667(1992)004<0072:PORSAD>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p. ","startPage":"72","endPage":"75","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334480,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5891b0bce4b072a7ac129980","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanders, J. E.","contributorId":20007,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanders","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, J.J","contributorId":179002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Long","given":"J.J","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Arakawa, C.K.","contributorId":152140,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arakawa","given":"C.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bartholomew, J. L.","contributorId":91661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholomew","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rohovec, J. S.","contributorId":95979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rohovec","given":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1000745,"text":"1000745 - 1992 - Diets of emerald and spottail shiners and potential interactions with other western Lake Erie planktivorous fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T08:59:01","indexId":"1000745","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2330,"text":"Journal of Great Lakes Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diets of emerald and spottail shiners and potential interactions with other western Lake Erie planktivorous fishes","docAbstract":"

Emerald shiner (Notropis atherinoides) and spottail shiner (N. hudsonius) were abundant historically in western Lake Erie. Recent changes in the fish community suggest that shiners may not compete favorably with the invading white perch (Morone americana) or the gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum). We examined the diets of emerald and spottail shiner and compared them to other planktivores in western Lake Erie. Emerald and spottail shiner ate cladocerans such as Daphnia spp.,Leptodora, and Bythotrephes. Biologically significant overlaps (Schoener 1970 index ≥ 0.6) among zooplanktivores occurred from July through September, but most occurred during July. The frequency of significant diet overlaps among planktivores declined since an earlier study in the mid-1970s (Muth and Busch 1989) possibly indicating that competitive interactions have eased since 1975. In addition to competitive interactions, other factors such as increased eutrophication and predator mediated mortality likely played a role in planktivore community changes since the early 1970s.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1016/S0380-1330(92)71273-8","usgsCitation":"Hartman, K.J., Vondracek, B., Parrish, D., and Muth, K.M., 1992, Diets of emerald and spottail shiners and potential interactions with other western Lake Erie planktivorous fishes: Journal of Great Lakes Research, v. 18, no. 1, p. 43-50, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0380-1330(92)71273-8.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"50","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133200,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d7bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hartman, Kyle J.","contributorId":6414,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hartman","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16210,"text":"Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":309306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vondracek, Bruce","contributorId":30587,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vondracek","given":"Bruce","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parrish, Donna L. dparrish@usgs.gov","contributorId":3559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"Donna L.","email":"dparrish@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":611,"text":"Vermont Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":309305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muth, Kenneth M.","contributorId":44863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muth","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1000780,"text":"1000780 - 1992 - Investigations into the effects of PCB congeners on reproduction in lake trout from the Great Lakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-24T13:06:13","indexId":"1000780","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Investigations into the effects of PCB congeners on reproduction in lake trout from the Great Lakes","docAbstract":"

Eggs of feral lake trout collected in Lake Michigan were reared under laboratory conditions and monitored for egg hatchability, physical abnormalities, and survival of fry. Subsamples of eggs were also analyzed for PCB congeners. A negative correlation was found between egg hatchability and total PCBs but expressing PCB dose as dioxin equivalents did not produce as strong a correlation. No other measure of reproductive success correlated significantly with PCB concentration in the egg.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1016/0045-6535(92)90510-X","usgsCitation":"Mac, M.J., and Schwartz, T., 1992, Investigations into the effects of PCB congeners on reproduction in lake trout from the Great Lakes: Chemosphere, v. 25, no. 1-2, p. 189-192, https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(92)90510-X.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"189","endPage":"192","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129160,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667476","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mac, Michael J.","contributorId":16772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mac","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwartz, T.R.","contributorId":97451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"T.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000779,"text":"1000779 - 1992 - An expert system for prediction of chemical toxicity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-05T09:40:26","indexId":"1000779","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1405,"text":"Drug Information Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An expert system for prediction of chemical toxicity","docAbstract":"The National Fisheries Research Center- Great Lakes has developed an interactive computer program that uses the structure of an organic molecule to predict its acute toxicity to four aquatic species. The expert system software, written in the muLISP language, identifies the skeletal structures and substituent groups of an organic molecule from a user-supplied standard chemical notation known as a SMILES string, and then generates values for four solvatochromic parameters. Multiple regression equations relate these parameters to the toxicities (expressed as log10LC50s and log10EC50s, along with 95% confidence intervals) for four species. The system is demonstrated by prediction of toxicity for anilide-type pesticides to the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). This software is designed for use on an IBM-compatible personal computer by personnel with minimal toxicology background for rapid estimation of chemical toxicity. The system has numerous applications, with much potential for use in the pharmaceutical industry","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Drug Information Journal","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"SAGE Publications","publisherLocation":"Thousand Oaks, CA","doi":"10.1177/009286159202600405","usgsCitation":"Hickey, J.P., Aldridge, A.J., Passino-Reader, D.R., and Frank, A.M., 1992, An expert system for prediction of chemical toxicity: Drug Information Journal, v. 26, no. 4, p. 487-495, https://doi.org/10.1177/009286159202600405.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"487","endPage":"495","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266977,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009286159202600405"},{"id":133586,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db6847b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hickey, James P.","contributorId":83460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hickey","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aldridge, Andrew J. IV","contributorId":54162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Andrew","suffix":"IV","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Passino-Reader, Dora R.","contributorId":50839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passino-Reader","given":"Dora","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frank, Anthony M.","contributorId":28922,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1000765,"text":"1000765 - 1992 - Competition for food between crayfish (Orconectes virilis) and the slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T09:14:37","indexId":"1000765","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Competition for food between crayfish (Orconectes virilis) and the slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus)","docAbstract":"

Interspecific competition for a food resource (fish eggs) was examined in a laboratory setting between two common benthic organisms of the Great Lakes, the slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus) and crayfish (Orconectes virilis). In monospecific tests, the median egg predation in aquarium microcosms ranged from 2.5 eggs/d for the sculpin to 3.0 eggs/d for the crayfish. In mixed-species tests, sculpin feeding rates were no different than in the monospecific tests. Feeding rates for crayfish, however, were significantly reduced by the presence of sculpin. In mixed-species treatments in which small refuges were included in the aquaria, crayfish predation of eggs was 50% less than in the monospecific tests, i.e., 1.5 eggs/d, and, crayfish went on 93% fewer excursions outside refuges, spent 94% less time outside refuges, and engaged in 83% fewer feeding bouts than sculpin (P≤ 0.05 for all comparisons). When no refuges were provided, crayfish ceased feeding (0 eggs/d). These results suggest the potential for an asymmetrical competitive interaction in a natural setting in which crayfish may be forced into a suboptimal diet by such an interaction with the slimy sculpin.

","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02705060.1992.9664678","usgsCitation":"Miller, J.E., Savino, J.F., and Neely, R.K., 1992, Competition for food between crayfish (Orconectes virilis) and the slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus): Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 7, no. 2, p. 127-136, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.1992.9664678.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"136","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130238,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa295","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, John E.","contributorId":26654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Savino, Jacqueline F. jsavino@usgs.gov","contributorId":2213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savino","given":"Jacqueline","email":"jsavino@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Neely, Robert K.","contributorId":30182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neely","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1000777,"text":"1000777 - 1992 - Trace elements in lake sediment, macrozoobenthos, and fish near a coal ash disposal basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-25T09:11:52","indexId":"1000777","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2299,"text":"Journal of Freshwater Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trace elements in lake sediment, macrozoobenthos, and fish near a coal ash disposal basin","docAbstract":"
Samples of lake sediment, macrozoobenthos, and fish were collected during 1983 and 1984 near a coal ash disposal basin situated on the western shoreline of Lake Erie. Neutron activation analysis was used to determine if potentially toxic trace elements were present in higher concentrations at stations near the basin than at reference stations a few kilometers away.
\n
Of the 29 trace elements examined, arsenic and cobalt were significantly (p <0.05) more concentrated in sediment nearest the coal ash basin except in spring, when little or no difference was detected. Arsenic and bromine were significantly higher in oligochaetes, and selenium was significantly higher in both oligochaetes and chironomids taken from proximal stations than in those taken from reference stations. Selenium, bromine, cobalt, nickel, and chromium were higher in young-of-the-year brown bullheads taken nearer the disposal basin in fall 1983. Selenium was higher in adult spottail shiners taken at the proximal station in spring 1984, and bromine was higher in yearling white bass from the proximal station in fall 1983 and 1984. None of the trace elements was higher in adult yellow perch or adult brown bullheads at any time. Fewer spottail shiners and yearling white bass were caught close to the disposal basin than far away, which may indicate avoidance by these fish of increased concentrations of trace elements contained within the ash effluent.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02705060.1992.9664694","usgsCitation":"Hatcher, C.O., Ogawa, R.E., Poe, T.P., and French, J.R., 1992, Trace elements in lake sediment, macrozoobenthos, and fish near a coal ash disposal basin: Journal of Freshwater Ecology, v. 7, no. 3, p. 257-269, https://doi.org/10.1080/02705060.1992.9664694.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"269","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129159,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afde4b07f02db697208","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatcher, Charles O.","contributorId":95833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ogawa, Roann E.","contributorId":75872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogawa","given":"Roann","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poe, Thomas P.","contributorId":95008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poe","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"French, John R. P. III","contributorId":107635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"French","given":"John","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"R. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1000744,"text":"1000744 - 1992 - Density-dependent recruitment of the bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in Lake Michigan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:34","indexId":"1000744","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3102,"text":"Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Density-dependent recruitment of the bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in Lake Michigan","docAbstract":"Density-dependent recruitment of the bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in Lake Michigan during and after recovery of the population in about 1977-1983 was best reflected in the fit of the Beverton-Holt recruitment function to age -1 and -2 recruits and estimated eggs of parents surveyed with trawls. A lower growth rate and lower lipid content of bloaters at higher population densities and no evidence of cannibalism supported the conclusion that recruitment is resource limited when alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) abundance is low. Predation on larvae by alewives was indicated in earlier studies as the probable cause of depressed recruitment of bloaters before their recovery, which coincided with declining alewife abundance. This negative interaction masked any bloater stock-recruitment relation in the earlier period.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Brown, E.H., and Eck, G.W., 1992, Density-dependent recruitment of the bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in Lake Michigan: Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii, v. 39, no. 3-4, p. 289-297.","productDescription":"p. 289-297","startPage":"289","endPage":"297","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133006,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad0e4b07f02db68085b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Edward H. Jr.","contributorId":33251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Edward","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eck, Gary W.","contributorId":106053,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eck","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000820,"text":"1000820 - 1992 - Diet overlap in larval lake herring (Coregonus artedi) and bloaters (Coregonus hoyi)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:14","indexId":"1000820","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3102,"text":"Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diet overlap in larval lake herring (Coregonus artedi) and bloaters (Coregonus hoyi)","docAbstract":"The food preferences of larval lake herring (Coregonus artedi) and bloater (C.hoyi) were compared in a small mesotrophic lake in southeastern Michigan. Diets of the two were increasingly similar as the experiment progressed until, by the end of 6.5 weeks, they were identical; Schoener's Index of diet overlap averaged 0.35 in the first week and reached 0.96 by the end of the study. In the first few weeks, lake herring ate mostly small cladocerans (Bosmia longirostris) and bloaters ate mostly large cladocerans (Eurycercus lamellatus). Strauss's selection index confirmed that lake herring actively fed on small cladocerans throughout the study and that bloaters relied more on cyclopoid copepods during the early part of the study and shifted to eating small and large cladocerans by the end. Both species had similar growth rates throughout the study and amount of consumed food was identical. The diet similarities of lake herring and bloater larvae could make them competitors for food in the Great Lakes, relieved only by a dissimilarity in hatching times and locations.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Davis, B.M., and Todd, T.N., 1992, Diet overlap in larval lake herring (Coregonus artedi) and bloaters (Coregonus hoyi): Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii, v. 39, no. 3-4, p. 279-287.","productDescription":"p. 279-287","startPage":"279","endPage":"287","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d872","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Bruce M. bmdavis@usgs.gov","contributorId":4227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Bruce","email":"bmdavis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Todd, Thomas N.","contributorId":42547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000741,"text":"1000741 - 1992 - Bluegill growth as modified by plant density: an exploration of underlying mechanisms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-11T16:17:47","indexId":"1000741","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bluegill growth as modified by plant density: an exploration of underlying mechanisms","docAbstract":"Bluegill (Lepomis macrochira) growth varies inconsistently with plant density. In laboratory and field experiments, we explored mechanisms underlying bluegill growth as a function of plant and invertebrate density. In the laboratory, bluegills captured more chironomids (Chironomus riparius) than damselflies (Enallagma spp. and Ischnura spp.), but energy intake per time spent searching did not differ between damselfly and chironomid treatments. From laboratory data, we described prey encounter rates as functions of plant and invertebrate density. In Clark Lake, Ohio, we created 0.05-ha mesocosms of inshore vegetation to generate macrophyte densities of 125, 270, and 385 stems/m2 of Potamogeton and Ceratophyllum and added 46-mm bluegill (1/m2). In these mesocosms, invertebrate density increased as a function of macrophyte density. Combining this function with encounter rate functions derived from laboratory data, we predicted that bluegill growth should peak at a high macrophyte density, greater than 1000 stems/m2, even though growth should change only slightly beyond 100 stems/m2. Consistent with our predictions, bluegills did not grow differentially, nor did their use of different prey taxa differ, across macrophyte densities in the field. Bluegills preferred chironomid pupae, which were relatively few in numbers but vulnerable to predation, whereas more cryptic, chironomid larvae, which were associated with vegetation but were relatively abundant, were eaten as encountered. Bluegill avoided physid snails. Contrary to previous work, vegetation did not influence growth or diet of bluegill beyond relatively low densities owing to the interaction between capture probabilities and macroinvertebrate densities.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oecologia","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/BF00317212","usgsCitation":"Savino, J.F., Marschall, E.A., and Stein, R., 1992, Bluegill growth as modified by plant density: an exploration of underlying mechanisms: Oecologia, v. 89, no. 2, p. 153-160, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00317212.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"153","endPage":"160","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479581,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1811/37963","text":"External Repository"},{"id":267253,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317212"},{"id":132918,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a01e4b07f02db5f802f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savino, Jacqueline F. jsavino@usgs.gov","contributorId":2213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savino","given":"Jacqueline","email":"jsavino@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":309295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marschall, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":41388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marschall","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stein, Roy A.","contributorId":21494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stein","given":"Roy A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70186219,"text":"70186219 - 1992 - Hierarchical ana­ lytical approach to evaluating the transport and biogeochemical fate of organic compounds in sewage-contaminated groundwater, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-31T15:56:41","indexId":"70186219","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Hierarchical ana­ lytical approach to evaluating the transport and biogeochemical fate of organic compounds in sewage-contaminated groundwater, Cape Cod, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"

No abstract available 

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Groundwater contamination and analysis at hazardous waste sites","language":"English","publisher":"CRC Press","publisherLocation":"New York, New York","usgsCitation":"Barber, B., 1992, Hierarchical ana­ lytical approach to evaluating the transport and biogeochemical fate of organic compounds in sewage-contaminated groundwater, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, chap. of Groundwater contamination and analysis at hazardous waste sites, p. 73-120.","productDescription":"48 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"120","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":338986,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58df6acae4b02ff32c6aea9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barber, B. II","contributorId":190244,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barber","given":"B.","suffix":"II","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000673,"text":"1000673 - 1992 - A review of differentiation in Great Lakes ciscoes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:12","indexId":"1000673","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3102,"text":"Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A review of differentiation in Great Lakes ciscoes","docAbstract":"Seven species of ciscoes (Coregonus, subgenus Leucichthys) were found in the Great Lakes as recently as the early 1950's. Variation within and among species of Great Lakes ciscoes indicates that much of the divergence occurred within lakes. Following postglacial colonization by perhaps two or three species, population differentiation began with homing and reproduction at different localities and times. Physiological interaction between temperature (depth) and maturation time, as well as behavioral tendencies to home to spawning grounds and mate with related individuals, are the basis of premating reproductive separation. Phenotypic differences between populations indicate that ecological character displacement has been an important mechanism in the divergence. Introgression has obscured morphological species boundaries at the same time as intralacustrine speciation has created local subgroups, providing an unresolvable conflict between species definitions based on morphological and other characters and definitions dominated by inferred reproductive isolation. Species should be considered as the smallest diagnosable units within a phylogenetic framework, in which diagnoses are strictly by derived characters. Ecological and seasonal species could be recognized by application of a trinomial, equivalent to the subspecies trinomial.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Todd, T.N., and Smith, G.R., 1992, A review of differentiation in Great Lakes ciscoes: Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii, v. 39, no. 3-4, p. 261-267.","productDescription":"p. 261-267","startPage":"261","endPage":"267","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129045,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8039","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Todd, Thomas N.","contributorId":42547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Gerald R.","contributorId":36496,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000731,"text":"1000731 - 1992 - Morphological cladistic study of coregonine fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:33","indexId":"1000731","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3102,"text":"Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphological cladistic study of coregonine fishes","docAbstract":"A cladistic analysis of 50 characters from 26 taxa of coregonine fishes and two outgroup taxa yields a phylogenetic tree with two major branches, best summarized as two genera - Prosopium and Coregonus. Presence of teeth on the palatine, long maxillae, and long supra-maxillae are primitive, whereas loss of teeth, short or notched maxillae, and short supermaxillae are derived traits. P. coulteri and C. huntsmani are morphologically and phylogenetically primitive members of their groups. The widespread species, P. cylindraceum and P. williamsoni are morphologically advanced in parallel with the subgenus Coregonus (whitefishes): they share subterminal mouths, short jaws, and reduced teeth. Prosopium gemmifer parallels the ciscoes, subgenus Leucichthys. The whitefishes, C. ussuriensis, C. lavaretus, C. clupeaformis, and C. nasus are a monophyletic group, the subgenus Coregonus. The subgenus Leucichthys is a diverse, relatively plesiomorphic assemblage, widespread in the Holarctic region. This assemblage includes the inconnu, Stenodus.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Smith, G., and Todd, T.N., 1992, Morphological cladistic study of coregonine fishes: Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii, v. 39, no. 3-4, p. 479-490.","productDescription":"p. 479-490","startPage":"479","endPage":"490","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131763,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b475a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, G.R.","contributorId":97038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"G.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Todd, T. N.","contributorId":13931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Todd","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":309262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1000764,"text":"1000764 - 1992 - A mass spectroscopic method for analysis of AHH-inducing and other polychlorinated biphenyl congeners and selected pesticides in fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-28T12:44:01","indexId":"1000764","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A mass spectroscopic method for analysis of AHH-inducing and other polychlorinated biphenyl congeners and selected pesticides in fish","docAbstract":"The 209 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners exhibit a wide range in toxicity to fish, birds, and mammals. This paper discusses the use of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry negative chemical ionization (GC/MS-NCI) to quantify congeners of highly suspected toxicity such as IUPAC #77 (3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl) and #126 (3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl). GC/MS analysis time needed to produce the necessary resolution was reduced to 1 h per sample or standard, allowing an autosampler to inject 12 samples in 24 hours, plus 12 standards/QC samples. Identification and quantification of some 60+ congeners and several selected pesticides and estimation of total PCBs are also possible within the 1 h analysis. For congeners of high chlorination (penta through octa), the method exhibited excellent sensitivity, such that we could not locate a fish which exhibited PCB levels below our calibrated quantitation range. NCI was not as sensitive for mono through tri and for some tetrachlorinated PCB congeners, an exception being PCB #77, for which sensitivity was of the same order as for the more highly chlorinated biphenyls. Long term stability was excellent. Over a 6-mo period, results of replicate analyses for PCB congeners and pesticides in a composited sample of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from Lake Michigan had a relative standard deviation of 12% of the mean. Over the same time period, mean recoveries for samples spiked at concentrations similar to those in Lake Michigan lake trout were 90-102%. Response was linear over a wide range of concentrations for each of the analyzed compounds. This method is now being used for routine analysis of PCB congeners and selected pesticides in our laboratory.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1007/BF00225993","usgsCitation":"Schmidt, L., and Hesselberg, R.J., 1992, A mass spectroscopic method for analysis of AHH-inducing and other polychlorinated biphenyl congeners and selected pesticides in fish: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 23, no. 1, p. 37-44, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00225993.","productDescription":"p. 37-44","startPage":"37","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266610,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225993"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae143","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schmidt, Larry J.","contributorId":51238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Larry J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hesselberg, Robert J.","contributorId":36074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hesselberg","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":309371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70162672,"text":"70162672 - 1992 - Natural hazards research and response; international decade for reducing loss from natural disasters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-11T16:48:39","indexId":"70162672","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural hazards research and response; international decade for reducing loss from natural disasters","docAbstract":"

Worldwide losses from natural disasters are increasing rapidly due to population growth, urban sprawl, and increasing concentration of new construction in high-risk areas. to deal with these problems, the United Nations has designated the 1990's as the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR). The United States and more than 150 other nations signed the IDNDR resolution at the 44th General Assembly of the United Nations. The resolution calls on all nations to develop programs to reduce loss of life, economic impact, and human suffering caused by natural disasters. 

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IDNDR offers an unprecedented opportunity to apply new knowledge and technology to minimize losses in regions at high risks. The program is very challenging because full implementation requires a multidisciplinary effort on a global scale, an undertaking never before attempted. In concert with the other signatory nations, the Untied States is carrying out a balanced and comprehensive program of research and applications as a contribution to the IDNDR. The U.S program is designed to reduce both loss of life and property damage from natural disasters.  

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Hays, W.W., 1992, Natural hazards research and response; international decade for reducing loss from natural disasters: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 23, no. 6, p. 268-273.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"268","endPage":"273","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":314998,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ab49cde4b07ca61bfea598","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hays, W. W.","contributorId":66693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hays","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70162674,"text":"70162674 - 1992 - Hazards of geomagnetic storms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-16T14:15:11","indexId":"70162674","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hazards of geomagnetic storms","docAbstract":"

Geomagnetic storms are large and sometimes rapid fluctuations in the Earth's magnetic field that are related to disturbances on the Sun's surface. Although it is not widely recognized, these transient magnetic disturbances can be a significant hazard to people and property. Many of us know that the intensity of the auroral lights increases during magnetic storms, but few people realize that these storms can also cause massive power outages, interrupt radio communications and satellite operations, increase corrosion in oil and gas pipelines, and lead to spuriously high rejection rates in the manufacture of sensitive electronic equipment. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Herzog, D., 1992, Hazards of geomagnetic storms: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 23, no. 4, p. 152-159.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"152","endPage":"159","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":318081,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ab49c6e4b07ca61bfea553","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herzog, D.C.","contributorId":46696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70162575,"text":"70162575 - 1992 - Tracking the movement of Hawaiian volcanoes; Global Positioning System (GPS) measurement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-09T16:31:58","indexId":"70162575","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tracking the movement of Hawaiian volcanoes; Global Positioning System (GPS) measurement","docAbstract":"

Most, if not all, volcanic eruptions are preceded by surface movements near the volcano. These ground movements are the response of the shallow crust to the accumulation of the magma or the buildup of magma pressure within a subterranean reservoir beneath the volcano. As the magma reservoir expands, the summit and the flanks of the volcano rise and spread apart. Measurements made at many volcanoes show that slow ground movement may precede an eruption by as many as several years. Sudden increases in the rate of ground movement often precede an eruption by a few hours or days.

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At some well-studied volcanoes, surface movements of at least several centimeters take place out to distances of about 10 km from the summit of the volcano. Widespread deformation of this type is relatively easy to monitor, because the necessary survey stations can be placed at favorable sites some distance from the summit of the volcano. Examples of deformation of this type include Kilauea and Mauna Loa in Hawaii, Krafla in Iceland, Long Valley in California, Camp Flegrei in Italy, and Sakurajima in Japan. In contrast, surface movement at some other volcanoes, usually volcanoes with steep slopes, is restricted to places within about 1 km of their summits. Examples of this class of volcanoes include Mount St. Helens in Washington, Etna in Italy, and Tangkuban Parahu in Indonesia. Local movement on remote, rugged volcanoes of this type is difficult to observe using conventional methods of measuring ground movement, which generally require a clear line-of-sight between points of interest. However, a revolutionary new technique, called the Global Positional System (GPS), provides a very efficient, alternative method of making such measurements. GPS, which uses satellites and ground-based receivers to accurately record slight crustal movements, is rapidly becoming the method of choice to measure deformation at volcanoes. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Dvorak, J., 1992, Tracking the movement of Hawaiian volcanoes; Global Positioning System (GPS) measurement: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 23, no. 6, p. 255-267.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"255","endPage":"267","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":314903,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -160.3564453125,\n 21.881889807629282\n ],\n [\n -159.9169921875,\n 22.28909641872305\n ],\n [\n -159.41162109374997,\n 22.339914425562032\n ],\n [\n -157.642822265625,\n 21.6778482933475\n ],\n [\n -156.082763671875,\n 21.08450008351735\n ],\n [\n -155.56640625,\n 20.80747157680652\n ],\n [\n -154.544677734375,\n 19.652934210612436\n ],\n [\n -154.84130859375,\n 19.155546551403607\n ],\n [\n -155.775146484375,\n 18.781516724349704\n ],\n [\n -156.07177734375,\n 18.89589255941504\n ],\n [\n -156.46728515625,\n 20.14878463216417\n ],\n [\n -156.917724609375,\n 20.416716988945712\n ],\n [\n -157.730712890625,\n 21.01272715296389\n ],\n [\n -159.906005859375,\n 21.6778482933475\n ],\n [\n -160.323486328125,\n 21.688057256795453\n ],\n [\n -160.3564453125,\n 21.881889807629282\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a8a6d4e4b0b28f1184dc24","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dvorak, J.J.","contributorId":52597,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dvorak","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589867,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70162679,"text":"70162679 - 1992 - Elevation changes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-16T15:52:23","indexId":"70162679","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elevation changes","docAbstract":"

The magnitude 7.1 mainshock on April 25, 992, caused substantial changes in the elevation of the Earth's surface in the Cape Mendocino region.  Precise measurements of such elevation changes aid in long-term emergency planning and are needed for engineering design and the maintenance of roads, bridges, and waterways.  Such measurements also enable researchers to estimate the attitude and slip of the causative fault.

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Elevation changes, as well as horizontal displacements of the Earth's surface, are an expected consequence of dip-slip displacement on earthquake faults. the rock surrounding and overlying the fault is forced to stretch and bend to accommodate fault slip. Slip in the case of the April 25 mainshock is thought to have occurred on a gently inclined plane dipping to the northeast at a small angle (see article on preliminary seismological results in this issue).The associated fault-plane solution implies that rock overlying the fault plane (the hanging-wall block west and south of the epicenter) rose and shifted to the northeast. The map on the next page shows the location of the epicenter and approximate extent of uplift and subsidence derived from estimates of the geometry, location. and slip on the buried fault plane. 

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Jayko, A., Marshall, G., and Carver, G.A., 1992, Elevation changes: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 23, no. 3, p. 139-143.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"143","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":315005,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Cape Mendocino","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.6785888671875,\n 40.62646106367355\n ],\n [\n -124.8486328125,\n 40.60561205826018\n ],\n [\n -123.9752197265625,\n 38.93377552819722\n ],\n [\n -122.9754638671875,\n 39.11727568585595\n ],\n [\n -123.629150390625,\n 40.622291783092706\n ],\n [\n -123.6785888671875,\n 40.62646106367355\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ab49c4e4b07ca61bfea52b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jayko, A. S.","contributorId":118738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jayko","given":"A. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marshall, G.A.","contributorId":42615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marshall","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carver, G. A.","contributorId":80762,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carver","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":590120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}