{"pageNumber":"4263","pageRowStart":"106550","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165922,"records":[{"id":70014773,"text":"70014773 - 1988 - Parkfield, California, liquefaction prediction (USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-27T23:45:38.438668","indexId":"70014773","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Parkfield, California, liquefaction prediction (USA)","docAbstract":"<p>The primary purpose of this short note is to formally record the liquefaction prediction (Holzer et al., 1986) made in connection with this predicted earthquake. In addition, this note serves to alert the seismic engineering community to special instrumentation being installed at the prediction site. The instrumentation will consist of 4 downhole accelerometers at depths ranging from 3-30 m, a surface accelerometer, 7 dynamic piezometers distributed in the sand strata between depths of 5 and 15 m, and a network of bench marks for measuring permanent ground deformation.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0780010385","usgsCitation":"Holzer, T., Bennett, M., Youd, T., and Chen, A., 1988, Parkfield, California, liquefaction prediction (USA): Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 78, no. 1, p. 385-389, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0780010385.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"389","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225531,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Califonia","city":"Parkfield","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.74302797675936,\n              36.2501844714552\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.74302797675936,\n              35.899437968728634\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.18547182441559,\n              35.899437968728634\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.18547182441559,\n              36.2501844714552\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.74302797675936,\n              36.2501844714552\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7514e4b0c8380cd77997","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holzer, T.L.","contributorId":35739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holzer","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, M.J.","contributorId":67504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Youd, T. L.","contributorId":73593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Youd","given":"T. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, A.T.F.","contributorId":47523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"A.T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70014778,"text":"70014778 - 1988 - Deformation in the Yakataga seismic gap, Southern Alaska, 1980-1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-30T16:34:24.607702","indexId":"70014778","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deformation in the Yakataga seismic gap, Southern Alaska, 1980-1986","docAbstract":"<p><span>A 60-by-40-km trilateration network in the Yakataga seismic gap was surveyed in 1980, 1982, 1984, and 1986 with precise electro-optical distance-measuring equipment to measure strain accumulation. The overall deformation is roughly approximated by a 0.24±0.03 µstrain/yr N32°W±2.4° uniaxial contraction that is uniform in time. However, the spatial distribution of deformation shows some concentration of convergence in the neighborhood of the Chugach-St. Elias fault and of right-lateral shear across the Contact fault. A simple dislocation model of the plate interaction in the Yakataga gap fits the observed deformation reasonably well but seems to require that the motion of the Pacific plate relative to the North American plate be directed more nearly N36°W than N15°W, the generally accepted direction of relative motion for this location. However, the direction of plate motion inferred from the dislocation model depends upon details of the interaction at the plate boundary that may not have been modeled accurately. A nearby but smaller trilateration network at Icy Bay was surveyed in 1982, 1984, and 1986. This network spans the southwest corner of the rupture zone of the 1979 St. Elias earthquake. The deformation at Icy Bay consists of left-lateral shear across a northeast trending zone. The relation of this deformation to strain accumulation in the Yakataga gap, postseismic relaxation associated with the 1979 earthquake, or rebound from the unloading associated with the rapid recession of the Guyot glacier is not understood.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB093iB05p04731","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Savage, J., and Lisowski, M., 1988, Deformation in the Yakataga seismic gap, Southern Alaska, 1980-1986: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 93, no. B5, p. 4731-4744, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB05p04731.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"4731","endPage":"4744","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225597,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"B5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe46e4b0c8380cd4ec2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, J.C. 0000-0002-5114-7673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":102876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisowski, M.","contributorId":70381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1004074,"text":"1004074 - 1988 - Experimental <i>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i> infections in captive-reared wild turkeys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-22T10:57:31","indexId":"1004074","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental <i>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i> infections in captive-reared wild turkeys","docAbstract":"<p><span>The effects of&nbsp;</span><i>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i><span>&nbsp;(MG) infections on egg production, fertility, and hatchability were studied in captive-reared wild turkeys (</span><i>Meleagris gallopavo</i><span>). Three groups of adult birds, each consisting of four hens and two toms, were exposed to MG by the respiratory route at the beginning of their breeding season. Fourteen control birds received sterile growth medium. Although no mortality of infected or control birds occurred, egg production during the first breeding season after infection was reduced. The mean number of eggs/hen/day produced by infected groups the first breeding season postexposure (PE) was significantly lower than the control value. The mean number of eggs produced daily by the same hens 1 yr later was unaffected by MG infection. The pecentage of fertile eggs produced by infected groups was slightly reduced in both the first and second breeding seasons PE. Hatchability of fertile eggs from infected hens was significantly lower than eggs from control hens. Productivity may be impaired if MG infections occur in free-ranging wild turkey populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-24.3.528","usgsCitation":"Rocke, T.E., Yuill, T.M., and Amundson, T.E., 1988, Experimental <i>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i> infections in captive-reared wild turkeys: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 24, no. 3, p. 528-532, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-24.3.528.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"528","endPage":"532","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480046,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-24.3.528","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":135947,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9321","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":315105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yuill, Thomas M.","contributorId":60580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuill","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amundson, Terry E.","contributorId":99509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amundson","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70014148,"text":"70014148 - 1988 - Methane cycling in the sediments of Lake Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-22T14:16:14","indexId":"70014148","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methane cycling in the sediments of Lake Washington","docAbstract":"About half of the methane flux from depth is oxidized to CO2 in the upper 0.7 cm of the sediments and the remainder escapes into the water column. In terms of the total carbon budget of the lake, the upward flux of methane is insignificant with only about 2% of the carbon fixed by primary production being returned as methane. The upward flux of methane, however, does represent about 20% of the organic carbon decomposed within the sediments. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Limnology and Oceanography","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Limnology and OCeanography","usgsCitation":"Kuivila, K., Murray, J., Devol, A., Lidstrom, M., and Reimers, C., 1988, Methane cycling in the sediments of Lake Washington: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 33, no. 4, p. 571-581.","startPage":"571","endPage":"581","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225877,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267944,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.aslo.org/lo/toc/vol_33/issue_4/0571.pdf"}],"volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5523e4b0c8380cd6d137","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kuivila, K.M.","contributorId":34529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Murray, J.W.","contributorId":53540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Devol, A.H.","contributorId":16171,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Devol","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lidstrom, M.E.","contributorId":93207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lidstrom","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reimers, C.E.","contributorId":85730,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reimers","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70014351,"text":"70014351 - 1988 - Origin of ultramafic xenoliths containing exsolved pyroxenes from Hualalai Volcano, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-26T21:33:28.110339","indexId":"70014351","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of ultramafic xenoliths containing exsolved pyroxenes from Hualalai Volcano, Hawaii","docAbstract":"<div id=\"Abs1-section\" class=\"c-article-section\"><div id=\"Abs1-content\" class=\"c-article-section__content\"><p>Hualalai Volcano, Hawaii, is best known for the abundant and varied xenoliths included in the historic 1800 Kaupulehu alkalic basalt flow. Xenoliths, which range in composition from dunite to anorthosite, are concentrated at 915-m elevation in the flow. Rare cumulate ultramafic xenoliths, which include websterite, olivine websterite, wehrlite, and clinopyroxenite, display complex pyroxene exsolution textures that indicate slow cooling. Websterite, olivine websterite, and one wehrlite are spinel-bearing orthopyroxene +olivine cumulates with intercumulus clinopyroxene +plagioclase. Two wehrlite samples and clinopyroxenite are spinel-bearing olivine cumulates with intercumulus clinopyroxene+orthopyroxene + plagioclase. Two-pyroxene geothermometry calculations, based on reconstructed pyroxene compositions, indicate that crystallization temperatures range from 1225° to 1350° C. Migration or unmixing of clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene stopped between 1045° and 1090° C. Comparisons of the abundance of K<sub>2</sub>O in plagioclase and the abundances of TiO<sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>in spinel of xenoliths and mid-ocean ridge basalt, and a single<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup>Sr/<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>86</sup>Sr determination, indicate that these Hualalai xenoliths are unrelated to mid-ocean ridge basalt. Similarity between the crystallization sequence of these xenoliths and the experimental crystallization sequence of a Hawaiian olivine tholeiite suggest that the parental magma of the xenoliths is Hualalai tholeiitic basalt. Xenoliths probably crystallized between about 4.5 and 9 kb. The 155°–230° C of cooling which took place over about 120 ka — the age of the youngest Hualalai tholeiitic basalt — yield maximum cooling rates of 1.3×10<sup>−3</sup>–1.91×10<sup>−3</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>°C/yr. Hualalai ultramafic xenoliths with exsolved pyroxenes crystallized from Hualalai tholeiitic basalt and accumulated in a magma reservoir located between 13 and 28 km below sealevel. We suspect that this reservoir occurs just below the base of the oceanic crust at about 19 km below sealevelz</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00373581","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Bohrson, W.A., and Clague, D., 1988, Origin of ultramafic xenoliths containing exsolved pyroxenes from Hualalai Volcano, Hawaii: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 100, no. 2, p. 139-155, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00373581.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"139","endPage":"155","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226019,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Hualalai Volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -156.09786987304688,\n              19.616717925340957\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.83282470703125,\n              19.616717925340957\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.83282470703125,\n              19.85456068070103\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.09786987304688,\n              19.85456068070103\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.09786987304688,\n              19.616717925340957\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"100","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a710be4b0c8380cd76403","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bohrson, Wendy A.","contributorId":55024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohrson","given":"Wendy","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clague, David","contributorId":86388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clague","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014361,"text":"70014361 - 1988 - A climatic-limnologic model of diatom succession for paleolimnological interpretation of varved sediments at Elk Lake, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:28","indexId":"70014361","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2411,"text":"Journal of Paleolimnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A climatic-limnologic model of diatom succession for paleolimnological interpretation of varved sediments at Elk Lake, Minnesota","docAbstract":"Sediment traps placed in the profundal region of Elk Lake, north central Minnesota during the 1979 spring and 1983-84 fall and spring seasons monitored seasonal diatom production for two climatically distinctive periods. The spring of 1979 was one of the coldest and wettest on record. Ice out at Elk Lake was 10 days later than average, and spring circulation was short. Fragilaria crotonensis dominated the late spring and early summer diatom production in association with Synedra and Cyclotella species, perhaps because rates of phosphorus supply were low compared to silica. The winter of 1983-84 was drier than usual, and the early but cold spring of 1984 caused ice out at Elk Lake to be about 1 week earlier than normal. Spring storms promoted a long and full circulation that allowed Stephanodiscus minulutus to bloom, presumably in response to increased phosphorus loading related to deep and vigorous circulation. The two dominant diatoms in Elk Lake, F. crotonensis and S. minutulus may reflect climatic patterns that control lake circulation. The climatically regulated occurrence of these diatoms is generally, but not specifically, comparable to their distribution in lake surface sediments throughout Minnesota. A combination of regional and lake-specific studies on the controls of diatom succession and distribution provides climatic insights for interpreting paleolimnogical records of diatoms. ?? 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Paleolimnology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00196068","issn":"09212728","usgsCitation":"Platt, B.J., 1988, A climatic-limnologic model of diatom succession for paleolimnological interpretation of varved sediments at Elk Lake, Minnesota: Journal of Paleolimnology, v. 1, no. 2, p. 115-131, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00196068.","startPage":"115","endPage":"131","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205689,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196068"},{"id":226217,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e345e4b0c8380cd45f14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Platt, Bradbury J.","contributorId":67651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Platt","given":"Bradbury","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013934,"text":"70013934 - 1988 - Composition and stable-isotope geochemistry of natural gases from Kansas, Midcontinent, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-20T20:55:17","indexId":"70013934","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Composition and stable-isotope geochemistry of natural gases from Kansas, Midcontinent, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"More than 28??1012 ft.3 (79??1010 m3) of natural gas and 5.3??109 bbl (8.4??108 m3) of oil have been produced in Kansas, U.S.A., from Paleozoic carbonate and sandstone reservoirs on structural uplifts and shallow embayments along the northern margin of the Anadarko basin. A heavily-explored, geologically well-characterized state, Kansas is an excellent place to study hydrocarbon migration and to test geochemical models for the origin of natural gases. Immature to marginally-mature rocks of eastern Kansas (Cherokee and Forest City basins) produce mixed microbial and thermogenic gases. Gases in this region have wetness = 0.03-51%, methane ??13C = -65 to -43??? and methane ??D = -260 to -150???. Gases from central and western Kansas (Nemaha uplift to Hugoton embayment) are entirely thermogenic and have wetness =4-51%, methane ??13C = -48 to -39??? and methane ??D = -195 to -140???. Ethane and propane ??13C-values throughout Kansas vary from -38 to -28??? and from -35 to -24???, respectively. Mature thermogenic gas (generated from source rocks in southwestern Kansas and the Anadarko basin with 1.0% ??? Ro ??? 1.4%) is recognized throughout the state. Lateral migration into shallow reservoirs on the Central Kansas and northern Nemaha uplifts and in the Cherokee basin probably occurred along basal Pennsylvanian conglomerates and weathered Lower Paleozoic carbonates at the regional sub-Pennsylvanian unconformity. Early thermogenic gas (generated by local source rocks with Ro ??? 0.7%) is recognized in isolated fields in the Salina and Forest City basins, in Ordovician reservoirs beneath the sub-Pennsylvanian unconformity in the Cherokee basin, and in reservoirs generally above the unconformity in the Cherokee and Sedgwick basins, the eastern Central Kansas uplift and the Hugoton embayment. ?? 1988.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(88)90110-6","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Jenden, P., Newell, K., Kaplan, I., and Watney, W., 1988, Composition and stable-isotope geochemistry of natural gases from Kansas, Midcontinent, U.S.A.: Chemical Geology, v. 71, no. 1-3, p. 117-147, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(88)90110-6.","startPage":"117","endPage":"147","numberOfPages":"31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266093,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(88)90110-6"},{"id":225543,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f922e4b0c8380cd4d45a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jenden, P.D.","contributorId":61176,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jenden","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367200,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Newell, K.D.","contributorId":76473,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newell","given":"K.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kaplan, I.R.","contributorId":24086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaplan","given":"I.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Watney, W.L.","contributorId":43087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watney","given":"W.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70013653,"text":"70013653 - 1988 - The surface integral approach to Radarclinometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:32","indexId":"70013653","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1429,"text":"Earth, Moon and Planets","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The surface integral approach to Radarclinometry","docAbstract":"Because radarclinometry is fundamentally describable in terms of a nonlinear, first-order, partial differential equation, one expects that it can, in principle, be carried out by direct deterministic integration beginning at a given threshold profile along the azimuthal coordinate. Such a boundary condition could be provided by the altimetry profile obtained on a preceding or succeeding orbital revolution of the radar-bearing spacecraft. Notwithstanding the mismatched resolutions of the radar altimeter and the radar imaging system as planned for the Megallan mission to Venus, there are fundamental considerations, not involving system noise, that influence the possibility of success of this approach. From the topographic map of the Lake Champlain West quadrangle in the Adirondack Mountains of the U.S., a radar image is synthesized. Radarclinometry, in surface integral form, recaptures the topographic map when the applicable radar reflectance function is weakly variable over the range of application, but it diverges beyond a certain point for nominally variable reflectance functions. The effect can be understood by using results from the \"shape-from-shading\" literature. (This literature is produced by a group within the artificial intelligence community who have been independently attacking, for all practical purposes, photoclinometry, except that they have not given primacy to images of terrain.) The ubiquity of the instability suggests that the value of the surface integral approach is much in doubt. ?? 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earth, Moon and Planets","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00056399","issn":"01679295","usgsCitation":"Wildey, R., 1988, The surface integral approach to Radarclinometry: Earth, Moon and Planets, v. 41, no. 2, p. 141-153, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00056399.","startPage":"141","endPage":"153","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205049,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00056399"}],"volume":"41","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb0a9e4b08c986b324fd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wildey, R.L.","contributorId":9700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wildey","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014316,"text":"70014316 - 1988 - An oxygen isotope and geochemical study of meteoric-hydrothermal systems at Pilot Mountain and selected other localities, Carolina slate belt","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-05T15:58:47.869304","indexId":"70014316","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An oxygen isotope and geochemical study of meteoric-hydrothermal systems at Pilot Mountain and selected other localities, Carolina slate belt","docAbstract":"<p><span>Several epigenetic mineral deposits in the Ca1rolina slate belt are intimately related to meteoric-hydrothermal systems of late Precambrian and early Paleozoic age. At Pilot Mountain, low&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O rocks correlate well with zones of strong silicic alteration and alkali leaching accompanied by high alumina minerals (sericite, pyrophyllite, andalusite + or - topaz) and anomalous concentrations of Cu, Mo, Sn, B, and Au. The alteration occurs within andesitic volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks and is associated with a subvolcanic(?) dacite porphyry stock on the southeastern slope of the mountain. Tilting and erosion have exposed an oblique section through the original system, interpreted to expose shallower rocks to the northwest. A 4-km&nbsp;</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;central zone of slight&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O depletion (delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O (sub whole rock) = 4.3-6.1ppm) occurs on the broad and resistant (silicifled) western flank of Pilot Mountain, predominantly within quartz-sericite schist and quartz granofels containing pods of high A1 minerals. A magmatic source for much of the sulfur and metal is likely, and a subordinate magmatic water component in the fluid of the central zone is possible. This central zone is surrounded by a &gt;30-km&nbsp;</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;peripheral zone of low&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O sericite schists, chlorite-sericite schists, and andesitic volcanic rocks (delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O (sub whole rock) &lt; 3.8ppm), with the lowest values (1.4ppm) occurring in intensely sericitized rocks on the eastern flank of Pilot Mountain, near the apex of the dacite porphyry stock. Rhyolites of the Uwharrie Formation (delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O = 3.8-6.3ppm) are not as strongly altered as nearby andesites and may postdate the hydrothermal alteration. The fluid calculated to be in equilibrium with the lowest&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O quartz veins and country rocks at 300 degrees + or - 50 degrees C would have delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O approximately -4.5 + or - 2.0 per mil, whereas analyses of radiating pyrophyllite indicate equilibrium with a fluid having delta D approximately -30 per mil, consistent with a slightly&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O-shifted, low-latitude meteoric water. Subsequent greenschist metamorphism caused intermineral isotopic reequilibration in several samples and may have modified preexisting alteration assemblages, but it did not destroy the large delta&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup><span>&nbsp;O anomaly produced by meteoric-hydrothermal activity at Pilot Mountain. Reconnaissance studies of other alteration zones in the Carolina slate belt have so far disclosed the involvement of meteoric-hydrothermal fluids at the Snow Camp pyrophyllite deposit, at the Hoover Hill and Sawyer Au mines, and probably at the Haile and Brewer Au mines.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.83.4.801","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Klein, T.L., and Criss, R., 1988, An oxygen isotope and geochemical study of meteoric-hydrothermal systems at Pilot Mountain and selected other localities, Carolina slate belt: Economic Geology, v. 83, no. 4, p. 801-821, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.83.4.801.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"801","endPage":"821","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225372,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-07-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eaafe4b0c8380cd489f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, T. L.","contributorId":76322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368100,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Criss, R.E.","contributorId":10075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Criss","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368099,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014395,"text":"70014395 - 1988 - Pb, Nd, and Sr isotopic evidence for a multicomponent source for rocks of Cook-Austral Islands and heterogeneities of mantle plumes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-03T16:29:42.944394","indexId":"70014395","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pb, Nd, and Sr isotopic evidence for a multicomponent source for rocks of Cook-Austral Islands and heterogeneities of mantle plumes","docAbstract":"<p>Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic compositions were measured in alkaline volcanic rocks (alkali basalt, ankaramite, nephelinite, phonolite, and trachyte) from the South Cook Islands (Aitutaki, Mauke, Rarotonga, Atiu, and Mangaia) and the Austral Islands (Rimatara and Rurutu). The results show that the Cook-Austral rocks have an extremely wide range in isotopic compositions of Pb:<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msup><mi></mi><mn>206</mn></msup><mtext>Pb</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>204</mn></msup><mtext>Pb</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\"><sup>206</sup>Pb<sup>204</sup>Pb</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>from 18.25 to 21.76,<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msup><mi></mi><mn>207</mn></msup><mtext>pb</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>204</mn></msup><mtext>pb</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\"><sup>207</sup>pb<sup>204</sup>pb</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>from 15.48 to 15.83, and<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-3-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>sol</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>208</mn></msup><mtext>pb</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>204</mn></msup><mtext>Pb</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">sol<sup>208</sup>pb<sup>204</sup>Pb</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>from 38.37 to 40.62, whereas isotopic compositions of Sr and Nd are less variable. Isotopically, Mangaia, Rimatara, and Rurutu form one group (Mangaia group), which shows extremely radiogenic Pb isotopic compositions but near-MORB (mid-oceanic ridge basalts) values for Sr and Nd isotopic ratios. In contrast, samples from Aitutaki, Rarotonga, Mauke, and Atiu (Aitutaki group) have high<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-4-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msup><mi></mi><mn>207</mn></msup><mtext>Pb</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>204</mn></msup><mtext>Pb</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\"><sup>207</sup>Pb<sup>204</sup>Pb</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-5-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msup><mi></mi><mn>208</mn></msup><mtext>Pb</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>204</mn></msup><mtext>Pb</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\"><sup>208</sup>Pb<sup>204</sup>Pb</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>and moderately high<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-6-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msup><mi></mi><mn>87</mn></msup><mtext>Sr</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>86</mn></msup><mtext>Sr</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\"><sup>87</sup>Sr<sup>86</sup>Sr</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>(Dupal anomaly).</p><p>The Aitutaki group could have been derived from heterogeneous mantle plumes, which rose from the enriched deep mantle (the almost primitive lower mantle or recycled continental and oceanic slabs). On the other hand, the Mangaia component could have been derived from the depleted upper mantle which may have been metasomatized with a CO<sub>2</sub>-rich fluid, as indicated by the near-MORB values of Sr and Nd isotopes. Although Pb isotopic data of the two groups cannot be distinguished from each other statistically, the end components of the Pb-Pb system do not match with those of the Nd-Sr system. Thus, the data must be explained by a multi-, at least three, component mixing model: the mantle plumes (Dupal component and a recycled oceanic slab), metasomatized upper mantle, and lithosphere. The K-Ar ages and isotopic characteristics of the Cook-Austral rocks indicate that if one mantle plume rises from the deep mantle in this region, it has separated into at least two segments on the way to the surface.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(88)90157-3","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Nakamura, Y., and Tatsumoto, M., 1988, Pb, Nd, and Sr isotopic evidence for a multicomponent source for rocks of Cook-Austral Islands and heterogeneities of mantle plumes: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 52, no. 12, p. 2909-2924, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(88)90157-3.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2909","endPage":"2924","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225772,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75fae4b0c8380cd77e5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakamura, Y.","contributorId":70117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakamura","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Tatsumoto, M.","contributorId":76798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tatsumoto","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013726,"text":"70013726 - 1988 - Regression estimates for topological‐hydrograph input","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-23T14:38:34.704288","indexId":"70013726","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2501,"text":"Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regression estimates for topological‐hydrograph input","docAbstract":"<p><span>Physiographic, hydrologic, and rainfall data from 18 small drainage basins in semiarid, central Wyoming were used to calibrate topological, unit‐hydrograph models for celerity, the average rate of travel of a flood wave through the basin. The data set consisted of basin characteristics and hydrologic data for the 18 basins and rainfall data for 68 storms. Calibrated values of celerity and peak discharges subsequently were regressed as a function of the basin characteristics and excess rainfall volume. Predicted values obtained in this way can be used as input for estimating hydrographs in ungaged basins. The regression models included ordinary least‐squares and seemingly unrelated regression. This latter regression model jointly estimated the celerity and peak discharge. The correlation between residuals of the celerity and peak‐discharge regressions was sufficiently large to de‐, crease the variances of estimated univariate‐model parameters.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1988)114:4(446)","issn":"07339496","usgsCitation":"Karlinger, M.R., Guertin, D.P., and Troutman, B., 1988, Regression estimates for topological‐hydrograph input: Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, v. 114, no. 4, p. 446-456, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1988)114:4(446).","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"446","endPage":"456","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220111,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9340e4b0c8380cd80ce2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karlinger, Michael R.","contributorId":10777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlinger","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Guertin, D. Phillip","contributorId":46062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guertin","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Phillip","affiliations":[{"id":12625,"text":"School of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":366732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Troutman, Brent M.","contributorId":41040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troutman","given":"Brent M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1014370,"text":"1014370 - 1988 - Daily variation in feed consumption by channel catfish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-24T15:54:32.93433","indexId":"1014370","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Daily variation in feed consumption by channel catfish","docAbstract":"<p><span>Daily feed consumption by 0.09‐lb channel catfish (</span><i>Ictalurus punctatus</i><span>) stocked at 50 and 75 lb offish per 0.25‐acre pond, and by 0.57‐lb channel catfish stocked at 100 and 200 lb offish per 0.25‐acre pond, was measured for 157 d. Demand feeders were used to determine feed consumption. Feed consumption routinely varied, on successive days, an average of 61 and 31%, for the 0.57‐lb fish stocked at the higher and lower rates, respectively, and 58% for both stocking densities of the 0.09‐lb fish.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1988)050%3C0107:DVIFCB%3E2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Tackett, D.L., Carter, R.R., and Allen, K., 1988, Daily variation in feed consumption by channel catfish: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 50, no. 2, p. 107-110, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1988)050%3C0107:DVIFCB%3E2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"107","endPage":"110","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129327,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e8bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tackett, Dewey L.","contributorId":8024,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tackett","given":"Dewey","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carter, Ray R.","contributorId":36879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Ray","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Allen, K.O.","contributorId":11552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"K.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70013168,"text":"70013168 - 1988 - Geochemistry of water at Cajon Pass, California: Preliminary results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-14T01:17:58.171448","indexId":"70013168","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of water at Cajon Pass, California: Preliminary results","docAbstract":"<div class=\"\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Samples of water and associated gases were collected from the Cajon Pass well using downhole samplers, and from the pipe stands at the completion of drill stem tests. The fluids were recovered from fracture systems in granitic rocks from two uncased test intervals located at 1,829 to 1,905 m and 1,829 to 2,115 m. Results of chemical analysis indicate major differences in the composition of water from different fracture systems. Water from one fracture system in the first test interval has a salinity of 2,150 mg/L dissolved solids and is relatively high in Cl, Ca and Fe, but low in HCO<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and SO<sub>4</sub>; water salinity from a second fracture system is only 950 mg/L and is dominated by Na, HCO<sub>3</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and SO<sub>4</sub>. Most of the water from the second interval likely originated from one fracture system; it is alkaline, low in HCO<sub>3</sub>, has a salinity of 1,150 mg/L, and is a NaSO<sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>type water characteristic of pore water in the granitic rocks of the area. The differences in water composition indicate different evolutionary paths and isolation of water within relatively proximal fracture systems.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/GL015i009p01037","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Kharaka, Y., Ambats, G., Evans, W.C., and White, A.F., 1988, Geochemistry of water at Cajon Pass, California: Preliminary results: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 15, no. 9, p. 1037-1040, https://doi.org/10.1029/GL015i009p01037.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1037","endPage":"1040","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220238,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1727e4b0c8380cd553da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kharaka, Y.K.","contributorId":23568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kharaka","given":"Y.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ambats, G.","contributorId":64825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ambats","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Evans, William C.","contributorId":104903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, A. F.","contributorId":36546,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70014699,"text":"70014699 - 1988 - Gravity-induced stresses in stratified rock masses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:35","indexId":"70014699","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3306,"text":"Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gravity-induced stresses in stratified rock masses","docAbstract":"This paper presents closed-form solutions for the stress field induced by gravity in anisotropic and stratified rock masses. These rocks are assumed to be laterally restrained. The rock mass consists of finite mechanical units, each unit being modeled as a homogeneous, transversely isotropic or isotropic linearly elastic material. The following results are found. The nature of the gravity induced stress field in a stratified rock mass depends on the elastic properties of each rock unit and how these properties vary with depth. It is thermodynamically admissible for the induced horizontal stress component in a given stratified rock mass to exceed the vertical stress component in certain units and to be smaller in other units; this is not possible for the classical unstratified isotropic solution. Examples are presented to explore the nature of the gravity induced stress field in stratified rock masses. It is found that a decrease in rock mass anisotropy and a stiffening of rock masses with depth can generate stress distributions comparable to empirical hyperbolic distributions previously proposed in the literature. ?? 1988 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF01019673","issn":"07232632","usgsCitation":"Amadei, B., Swolfs, H., and Savage, W.Z., 1988, Gravity-induced stresses in stratified rock masses: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, v. 21, no. 1, p. 1-20, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01019673.","startPage":"1","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205626,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01019673"},{"id":225397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2a43e4b0c8380cd5b017","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Amadei, B.","contributorId":86902,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amadei","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swolfs, H.S.","contributorId":70759,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swolfs","given":"H.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Savage, W. Z.","contributorId":106481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70013355,"text":"70013355 - 1988 - A note on the recent natural gradient tracer test at the Borden Site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T11:04:10","indexId":"70013355","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A note on the recent natural gradient tracer test at the Borden Site","docAbstract":"<p><span>The variance in particle position, a measure of dispersion, is reviewed in the context of certain models of flow in random porous media. Asymptotic results for a highly stratified medium and an isotropic medium are particularly highlighted. Results of the natural gradient tracer test at the Borden site are reviewed in light of these models. This review suggests that the moments obtained for the conservative tracers at the Borden site could as well be explained by a model that more explicitly represents the three-dimensional nature of the flow field.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR024i012p02099","usgsCitation":"Naff, R., Jim Yeh, T., and Kemblowski, M., 1988, A note on the recent natural gradient tracer test at the Borden Site: Water Resources Research, v. 24, no. 12, p. 2099-2103, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR024i012p02099.","startPage":"2099","endPage":"2103","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220193,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Borden Site","volume":"24","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4c4e4b0c8380cd468f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naff, R.L.","contributorId":86349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naff","given":"R.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jim Yeh, T.-C.","contributorId":95196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jim Yeh","given":"T.-C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kemblowski, M.W.","contributorId":69706,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemblowski","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70013737,"text":"70013737 - 1988 - A tentative protocol for measurement of radon availability from the ground","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:38","indexId":"70013737","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2895,"text":"Northeastern Environmental Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A tentative protocol for measurement of radon availability from the ground","docAbstract":"A procedure is being tested in order to determine its suitability for assessing the intrinsic ability of the ground at a particular site to supply radon (222Rn) to a basement structure to be built on the site. The mean migration distance, multiplied by the measured radon concentration gives the \"Radon Availability Number' (RAN). Measurements at sites of known indoor radon concentration suggest that RANs below 2 kBq/m2 (5x104 pCi/m2) indicate little chance of elevated indoor radon and RANs above 20 kBq/m2 (5x105 pCi/m2) indicate that elevated indoor radon is likely. The range of uncertainty and the point-to-point and seasonal variations to be expected are under investigation. -from Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Northeastern Environmental Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0730630X","usgsCitation":"Tanner, A., 1988, A tentative protocol for measurement of radon availability from the ground: Northeastern Environmental Science, v. 7, no. 1, p. 58-62.","startPage":"58","endPage":"62","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220330,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e5f5e4b0c8380cd4705f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanner, A.B.","contributorId":44155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tanner","given":"A.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013738,"text":"70013738 - 1988 - Thermal modelling of stepwise anatexis in a thrust-thickened sialic crust","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-17T15:58:23","indexId":"70013738","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3642,"text":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal modelling of stepwise anatexis in a thrust-thickened sialic crust","docAbstract":"One-dimensional modelling of the thermal history of a sialic crust thickened by multiple overstack thrusting of upper crustal material shows that anatexis is likely. both the uplift rate and the length of the incubation period between end of tectonism and start of uplift are important controls on the amount and temperature of the melt. Heat of fusion does not significantly affect the long-term thermal structure of the crust if the melt is not extracted because only a small fraction of conductive heat is converted to latent heat, though short-term thermal effects of latent heat can be locally important. Model results show that commonly <15% of mantle heat flux is converted to latent heat; even during peak melting in the most productive models, less than half of incremental mantle flux is converted. The results have obvious implications on the acceptability of proposed heat sources for crustal anatexis. Fusion could retard crustal temperature rise by nearly 100??C, but the system would recover except for situations of very rapid uplift. Understanding of the thermal evolution of a burial-uplift system requires knowledge not only of the timing of anatexis but of the pooling and movement of the magma, as well as the duration and nature of the incubation period; we are poorly equipped to measure these events. The model predicts that the characteristic time for anatexis is a thickened sialic crust is several tens of millions of years, comparable to the time lapse between orogenies; in making geological interpretations of magmatism, this time lag must be considered. -Author","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1017/S0263593300014231","usgsCitation":"Zen, E., 1988, Thermal modelling of stepwise anatexis in a thrust-thickened sialic crust: Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences, v. 79, no. 2-3, p. 223-235, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263593300014231.","startPage":"223","endPage":"235","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220331,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269498,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0263593300014231"}],"volume":"79","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb24de4b08c986b3256ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zen, E-An","contributorId":47064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zen","given":"E-An","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1007796,"text":"1007796 - 1988 - Science and management in U. S. National Parks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-07T12:02:29.572078","indexId":"1007796","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1121,"text":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Science and management in U. S. National Parks","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","usgsCitation":"Davis, G., Halvorson, W.L., and Ehorn, W., 1988, Science and management in U. S. National Parks: Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, v. 69, no. 2, p. 111-114.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"111","endPage":"114","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130144,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"69","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd3ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, G.E.","contributorId":10361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Halvorson, W. L.","contributorId":26246,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halvorson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ehorn, W.H.","contributorId":56601,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ehorn","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70013652,"text":"70013652 - 1988 - Rare earth elements in the phosphatic-enriched sediment of the Peru shelf","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T11:10:21.066687","indexId":"70013652","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rare earth elements in the phosphatic-enriched sediment of the Peru shelf","docAbstract":"<p><span>Apatite-enriched materials from the Peru shelf have been analyzed for their major oxide and rare earth element (REE) concentrations. The samples consist of (1) the fine fraction of sediment, mostly clay material, (2) phosphatic pellets and fish debris, which are dispersed throughout the fine-grained sediment, (3) tabular-shaped phosphatic crusts, which occur within the uppermost few centimeters of sediment, and (4) phosphatic nodules, which occur on the seafloor. The bulk REE concentrations of the concretions suggest that these elements are partitioned between the enclosed detrital material and the apatite fraction. Analysis of the fine-grained sediment with which the samples are associated suggested that this detrital fraction in the concretions should have shale REE values; the analysis of the fish debris suggested that the apatite fraction might have seawater values. The seawater contribution of REE's is negligible in the nodules and crust, in which the apatite occurs as a fine-grained interstitial cement. That is, the concentration of REE's and the REE patterns are predominantly a function of the amount of enclosed fine-grained sediment. By contrast, the REE pattern of the pelletal apatite suggests a seawater source and the absolute REE concentrations are relatively high. The&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>REE</mtext><mtext>P</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mtext>O</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>5</mn></msub></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">REEP2O5</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;ratios of the apatite fraction of these samples thus vary from approximately zero (in the case of the crust and nodules) to as much as approximately 1.2 × 10</span><sup>−3</sup><span>&nbsp;(in the case of the pellets). The range of this ratio suggests that rather subtle variations in the depositional environment might cause a significant variation in the REE content of this authigenic fraction of the sediment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(88)90093-X","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Piper, D., Baedecker, P.A., Crock, J., Burnett, W.C., and Loebner, B., 1988, Rare earth elements in the phosphatic-enriched sediment of the Peru shelf: Marine Geology, v. 80, no. 3-4, p. 269-285, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(88)90093-X.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"285","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220658,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a951fe4b0c8380cd8180a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piper, D.Z.","contributorId":34154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piper","given":"D.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baedecker, P. A.","contributorId":95444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedecker","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crock, J.G.","contributorId":58236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crock","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burnett, W. C.","contributorId":39779,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burnett","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Loebner, B.J.","contributorId":23686,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loebner","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70013149,"text":"70013149 - 1988 - Thermal regime of the State 2-14 well, Salton Sea Scientific Drilling Project","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-05T16:11:48.021465","indexId":"70013149","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal regime of the State 2-14 well, Salton Sea Scientific Drilling Project","docAbstract":"<p><span>Temperature logs were made repeatedly during breaks in drilling and both during and after flow tests in the Salton Sea Scientific Drilling Project well (State 2–14). The purpose of these logs was to assist in identifying zones of fluid loss or grain and to characterize reservoir temperatures. At the conclusion of the active phase of the project, a series of logs was begun in an attempt to establish the equilibrium temperature profile. Initially, we were able to log to depths below 3 km, but beginning in late May of 1986, it was impossible to log below about 1.8 km owing to casing failure. Our best estimates of formation temperature below 1.8 km are 305° ± 5°C at 1890 m and 355° ± 10°C at 3170 m. For the upper 1.8 km the latest temperature log (October 24, 1986), using a digital “slickline” (heat-shielded downhole recording) device, was within a few degrees Celsius of equilibrium, as confirmed by a more recent log (July 31, 1987) to a depth of ∼ 1 km. As in most other wells in the Salton Sea geothermal field, there is an impermeable, thermally conductive “cap” on the hydrothermal system; this cap extends to a depth of more than 900 m at the State 2–14 well. Thermal conductivities of 19 samples of drill cuttings from this interval were measured at room temperature. The conductivity values were corrected for in situ porosity as determined from geophysical logs and for the effects of elevated temperature. Thermal gradients decrease from about 250 mK m</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;(same as degrees Celsius per kilometer) in the upper few hundred meters to just below 200 mK m</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;near the base of the conductive cap. Using one interpretation, thermal conductivities increase with depth (mainly because of decreasing porosity), resulting in component heat flows that agree reasonably well with the mean of about 450 m W m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>. This value agrees well with heat flow data from shallow wells within the Salton Sea geothermal field. A second interpretation, in which measured temperature coefficients of quartz- and carbonate-rich rocks are used to correct thermal conductivity, results in lower mean conductivities that are roughly constant with depth and, consequently, systematically decreasing heat flux averaging about 350 mW m</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;below 300 m. This interpretation is consistent with the inference (from fluid inclusion studies) that the rocks in this part of the field were once several tens of degrees Celsius hotter than they are now. The age of this possible disturbance is estimated at a few thousand years.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB093iB11p12995","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Sass, J., Priest, S.S., Duda, L., Carson, C., Hendricks, J.D., and Robison, L., 1988, Thermal regime of the State 2-14 well, Salton Sea Scientific Drilling Project: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 93, no. B11, p. 12995-13004, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB11p12995.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"12995","endPage":"13004","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220572,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb254e4b08c986b325723","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sass, J.H.","contributorId":70749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sass","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":365410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Priest, S. S.","contributorId":78318,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Priest","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duda, L.E.","contributorId":42708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"L.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Carson, C.C.","contributorId":62743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carson","given":"C.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hendricks, J. D.","contributorId":40187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hendricks","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Robison, L.C.","contributorId":17234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robison","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70014764,"text":"70014764 - 1988 - Variation of depth to the brittle-ductile transition due to cooling of a midcrustal intrusion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-14T01:08:42.749556","indexId":"70014764","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variation of depth to the brittle-ductile transition due to cooling of a midcrustal intrusion","docAbstract":"<div class=\"\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>The depth to the brittle-ductile transition in the crust is often defined by the intersection of a shear resistance relation in the brittle upper crust that increases linearly with depth and a power law relation for ductile flow in the lower crust that depends strongly on temperature. Transient variation of this depth caused by a magmatic intrusion at a depth near the regional transition can be modeled by a heat conduction model for a rectangular parallelepiped superimposed on a linear geothermal gradient. When parameters appropriate for the southeastern United States are used, a moderate-sized intrusion is found to decrease the transition depth by as much as 7 km; significant variations last about 10 m.y. Since the base of the seismogenic zone is identified with the brittle-ductile transition and since significant depth variations provide loci for strain energy concentration, these results imply that intrusions of late Tertiary age or younger could be important sources of clustered seismicity.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/GL015i003p00213","issn":"00948276","usgsCitation":"Gettings, M.E., 1988, Variation of depth to the brittle-ductile transition due to cooling of a midcrustal intrusion: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 15, no. 3, p. 213-216, https://doi.org/10.1029/GL015i003p00213.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"213","endPage":"216","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225402,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-12-07","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc16ee4b08c986b32a581","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gettings, M. E.","contributorId":25148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gettings","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1007812,"text":"1007812 - 1988 - Hibernacula and summer den sites of pine snakes (Pituophis melanoleucus) in the New Jersey pine barrens","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-17T16:35:30","indexId":"1007812","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2334,"text":"Journal of Herpetology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hibernacula and summer den sites of pine snakes (Pituophis melanoleucus) in the New Jersey pine barrens","docAbstract":"<p><span>We examined eight summer dens (used only in summer) and seven hibernacula (occupied both in winter and summer) of the snake <i>Pituophis melanoleucus</i> in the New Jersey Pine Barrens, comparing above ground characteristics of hibernacula and summer dens with characteristics at nearby random points. Temperatures at the soil surface and at 10 cm depth were significantly warmer, and there was less leaf cover around the random points compared to the entrances of the hibernacula and summer dens. Hibernacula had significantly more vegetation cover within 5 m, more leaf cover over the burrow entrance, and were closer to trees than were summer dens. Most hibernacula and summer dens were beside old fallen logs (73%), the entrance tunnels following decaying roots into the soil. Excavation of the hibernacula and summer dens indicated that most hibernacula appeared to be dug by the snakes and had an average of eight side chambers and 642 cm of tunnels, compared to less than one side chamber and 122 cm of tunnels for summer dens. Except for hatchlings, most snakes in hibernacula were located in individual chambers off the main tunnel; all snakes were at depths of 50-111 cm (X̄ = 79 cm). Pine snakes may select optimum hibernation sites which reduce winter mortality.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","doi":"10.2307/1564337","usgsCitation":"Burger, J., Zappalorti, R., Gochfeld, M., Boarman, W., Caffrey, M., Doig, V., Garber, S., Lauro, B., Mikovsky, M., Safina, C., and Saliva, J., 1988, Hibernacula and summer den sites of pine snakes (Pituophis melanoleucus) in the New Jersey pine barrens: Journal of Herpetology, v. 22, p. 425-433, https://doi.org/10.2307/1564337.","productDescription":"p. 425-433","startPage":"425","endPage":"433","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129845,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adf2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burger, J.","contributorId":25894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burger","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zappalorti, R.T.","contributorId":64183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zappalorti","given":"R.T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gochfeld, M.","contributorId":88309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gochfeld","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boarman, W.I.","contributorId":73523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boarman","given":"W.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Caffrey, M.","contributorId":8046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Caffrey","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Doig, V.","contributorId":19114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doig","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Garber, S.D.","contributorId":100795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garber","given":"S.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lauro, B.","contributorId":74711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lauro","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mikovsky, M.","contributorId":17182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mikovsky","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Safina, C.","contributorId":40160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Safina","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Saliva, Jorge","contributorId":28562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saliva","given":"Jorge","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":1007813,"text":"1007813 - 1988 - Selenium levels in biota from irrigation drainwater impoundments in the San Joaquin Valley, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-23T15:49:46.719398","indexId":"1007813","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2592,"text":"Lake and Reservoir Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selenium levels in biota from irrigation drainwater impoundments in the San Joaquin Valley, California","docAbstract":"<p><span>Waterfowl, fish, invertebrates, and plants were collected from impoundments used for evaporating subsurface irrigation drainwater in Kings and Kern counties, California. Specimens were analyzed for trace elements with emphasis on selenium. Dry weight concentrations of total selenium ranged from 2.5 to 17 μg/g in wigeongrass,&nbsp;</span><u class=\"uu\">Ruppia maritima</u><span>; 7.6 to 30 μg/g in water boatmen,&nbsp;</span><u class=\"uu\">Corixidae</u><span>; 12 to 40 μ/g in mosquitofish,&nbsp;</span><u class=\"uu\">Gambusia affinis</u><span>; 86 to 100 μg/g in eared grebe,&nbsp;</span><u class=\"uu\">Podiceps niqricollis</u><span>, livers; 14 to 120 μg/g in ruddy duck,&nbsp;</span><u class=\"uu\">Oxyura jamaicensis</u><span>, livers; and 6.8 to 48 μg/g in northern shoveler,&nbsp;</span><u class=\"uu\">Anas clypeata</u><span>, livers. Concentrations of dissolved selenium ranged from less than 1 to 37 μg/L during a 12-month period for inflows to the drainwater evaporation ponds.</span><span id=\"_mce_caret\" data-mce-bogus=\"1\" data-mce-type=\"format-caret\"></span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/07438148809354826","usgsCitation":"Barnum, D.A., and Gilmer, D., 1988, Selenium levels in biota from irrigation drainwater impoundments in the San Joaquin Valley, California: Lake and Reservoir Management, v. 4, no. 2, p. 181-186, https://doi.org/10.1080/07438148809354826.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"186","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":486822,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07438148809354826","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":129846,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f7bf4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnum, D. A.","contributorId":62536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnum","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gilmer, D.S.","contributorId":22270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013655,"text":"70013655 - 1988 - Accumulation and bioconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a nearshore estuarine environment near a Pensacola (Florida) creosote contamination site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T14:11:10","indexId":"70013655","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accumulation and bioconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a nearshore estuarine environment near a Pensacola (Florida) creosote contamination site","docAbstract":"Long-term accumulation of creosote wastes at a wood-preserving facility near Pensacola, Florida, has produced high levels of organic contamination of groundwaters near Pensacola Bay. Impacts of this contamination on the nearshore environment of the bay were examined by analysis of water, sediment and tissues of two mollusc species. One of the species (Thais haemastoma) was native to the study area. Individuals of the other test species (Crassostrea virginica) were placed in cages at the test sites for a 6-week period. Contamination at the nearshore estuarine sites was assessed by comparison to a control site in an uncontaminated area of the bay, as well as a small stream which forms a direct surface-water link between the creosote storage ponds and the bay. The study focused on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), the primary components of creosote. Very little PAH in water or in the surface layer of estuarine sediments was detected, despite heavy pollution of the stream sediments. This is attributed to various degradation processes which attack the PAH compounds once they discharge into the estuary, and to the likelihood of intermittent and localised release of contaminants to the estuary. Examination of sediment cores and mollusc tissues, which provide a record integrated over time and space, revealed some accumulation of a few PAH, notably fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene and phenanthrene. In the sediments, the highest concentrations of these compounds appeared below the surface, within a depth range of 8-13 cm. Bioaccumulation of fluoranthene, pyrene and phenanthrene in both mollusc species was up to ten times greater at test sites than at the control site. This contrasts with naphthalene, the bioaccumulation of which was no greater at test sites than at the control site. These differences in bioaccumulation factors relate to structural chemistry of the compounds which control their solubility, bioavailability, susceptibility to degradation and capacity for depuration by the organism.Long-term accumulation of creosote wastes at a wood-preserving facility near Pensacola, Florida, has produced high levels of organic contamination of groundwaters near Pensacola Bay. Impacts of this contamination on the nearshore environment of the bay were examined by analysis of water, sediment and tissues of two mollusc species. Very little PAH in water or in the surface layer of estuarine sediments was detected, despite heavy pollution of the stream sediments. This is attributed to various degradation processes which attack the PAH compounds once they discharge into the estuary, and to the likelihood of intermittent and localized release of contaminants to the estuary. There was some accumulation of a few PAH, notably fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene and phenanthrene. In the sediments, the highest concentrations of these compounds appeared below the surface, within a depth range of 8-13 cm. Bioaccumulation of fluoranthene, pyrene and phenanthrene in both mollusc species was up to ten times greater at test sites than at the control site. Differences in bioaccumulation factors relate to structural chemistry of the compounds which control their solubility, bioavailability, susceptibility to degradation and capacity for depuration by the organism.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0269-7491(88)90244-8","issn":"02697491","usgsCitation":"Elder, J.F., and Dresler, P., 1988, Accumulation and bioconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a nearshore estuarine environment near a Pensacola (Florida) creosote contamination site: Environmental Pollution, v. 49, no. 2, p. 117-132, https://doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(88)90244-8.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"132","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":219815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Pensacola","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -87.528076171875,\n              30.230594564932193\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.759033203125,\n              30.230594564932193\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.759033203125,\n              30.64736425824319\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.528076171875,\n              30.64736425824319\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.528076171875,\n              30.230594564932193\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e672e4b0c8380cd47431","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elder, J. F.","contributorId":54143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elder","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dresler, P.V.","contributorId":106910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dresler","given":"P.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013666,"text":"70013666 - 1988 - The role of mantle CO2 in volcanism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-16T06:25:07","indexId":"70013666","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of mantle CO2 in volcanism","docAbstract":"<p>Carbon dioxide is the propellant gas in volcanic eruptions and is also found in mantle xenoliths. It is speculated that CO2 occurs as a free gas phase in the mantle because there is no reason to expect CO2 to be so universally associated with volcanic rocks unless the CO2 comes from the same source as the volcanic rocks and their xenoliths. If correct, the presence of a free gas in the mantle would lead to physical instability, with excess gas pressure providing the cause of both buoyancy of volcanic melts and seismicity in volcanic regions. Convection in the mantle and episodic volcanic eruptions are likely necessary consequences. This suggestion has considerable implications for those responsible for providing warnings of impending disasters resulting from volcanic eruptions and earthquakes in volcanic regions.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0883-2927(88)90107-2","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Barnes, I., Evans, W.C., and White, L.D., 1988, The role of mantle CO2 in volcanism: Applied Geochemistry, v. 3, no. 3, p. 281-285, https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-2927(88)90107-2.","productDescription":"5 p. ","startPage":"281","endPage":"285","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219934,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf81e4b08c986b32484b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnes, I.","contributorId":23678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, William C.","contributorId":104903,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"White, L. D.","contributorId":14330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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