{"pageNumber":"4266","pageRowStart":"106625","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165903,"records":[{"id":70014160,"text":"70014160 - 1988 - Hydrodynamics of Denver basin: Explanation of subnormal fluid pressures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-17T15:50:27.948092","indexId":"70014160","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrodynamics of Denver basin: Explanation of subnormal fluid pressures","docAbstract":"<p>Anomalously low fluid potential (and hence subnormal fluid pressure) is found in Mesozoic and Paleozoic rocks of the Denver basin. The potentiometric surface for the Dakota and basal Cretaceous sandstones is 2,000-3,000 ft (600-900 m) beneath the land surface in parts of the Denver basin in Colorado and Nebraska. The potentiometric surface for pre-Pennsylvanian carbonate rocks is 1,500 ft (450 m) lower than the potentiometric surface for the Dakota Sandstone in southeastern Colorado and western Kansas. The low fluid potential seems especially anomalous considering the high elevation of the outcrops along the Laramie and Front Ranges and the Black Hills.</p><p>A quasi-three-dimensional numerical flow model is used to investigate the regional flow system in the Denver basin and adjacent Mid-Continent. The model simulates flow through the entire Phanerozoic sedimentary column and indicates that subnormal pressures are a consequence of hydraulic insulation of the strata within the basin from their recharge zones as compared to their discharge zones. The Dakota Sandstone and underlying hydrostratigraphic units are insulated from the overlying water table by low-permeability shales of Cretaceous age, and from their own high-elevation outcrops by a zone of low permeability coincident with the basin deep. Subnormal pressures in the area of Denver, Colorado, and southward are further enhanced by faulting along the Front Range that isolates the stra a within the basin from their outcrops. The results of this study show that (1) subnormal fluid pressures can be explained as a consequence of steady-state regional ground-water flow, (2) shale is an important factor in the regional flow system, and (3) depth is an important control on the distribution of hydraulic conductivity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/703C999C-1707-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Belitz, K., and Bredehoeft, J.D., 1988, Hydrodynamics of Denver basin: Explanation of subnormal fluid pressures: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 72, no. 11, p. 1334-1359, https://doi.org/10.1306/703C999C-1707-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"1334","endPage":"1359","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226136,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Denver basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.40130307963295,\n              37.43273547761615\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.90669024004416,\n              37.278349382185866\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.73123888547872,\n              43.12625436891602\n            ],\n            [\n              -105.46272051147162,\n              43.243836203561045\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.40130307963295,\n              37.43273547761615\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"72","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a333fe4b0c8380cd5ee62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":367748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bredehoeft, John D.","contributorId":86747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bredehoeft","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1003181,"text":"1003181 - 1988 - Fish hosts for glochidia of the endangered freshwater mussel Lampsilis higginsi Lea (Bivalvia: Unionidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:10:40","indexId":"1003181","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2649,"text":"Malacological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fish hosts for glochidia of the endangered freshwater mussel Lampsilis higginsi Lea (Bivalvia: Unionidae)","docAbstract":"Laboratory tests of nine species of fish as hosts for glochidia of Lampsilis higginsi  Lea indicated that four  species were fully suitable: largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides  Lacepede), smallmouth bass (M. dolomieui   Lacepede), walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum  Mitchill), and yellow perch (Perca flavescens  Mitchill).  Juvenile L. higginsi  also developed on green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus  Rafinesque) but some fish sloughed  their infections prematurely.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Malacological Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Waller, D.L., and Holland Bartels, L.E., 1988, Fish hosts for glochidia of the endangered freshwater mussel Lampsilis higginsi Lea (Bivalvia: Unionidae): Malacological Review, v. 21, no. 1-2, p. 119-122.","productDescription":"pp. 119-122","startPage":"119","endPage":"122","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":173241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae6e7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waller, D. L.","contributorId":43704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holland Bartels, L. E.","contributorId":71505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland Bartels","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70045317,"text":"70045317 - 1988 - Notes on sedimentation activities calendar year 1987","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-23T11:25:27","indexId":"70045317","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Notes on sedimentation activities calendar year 1987","docAbstract":"This report is a digest of information furnished by Federal agencies conducting sedimentation investigations. The decision to publish the report was made in 1946, from a proposal by the Chairman of the Federal Interagency River Basin Committee, Subcommittee on Ground Water. The subcommittee approved the proposal and agreed to issue this report as a means of effecting better coordination of the work of various Federal agencies in the field of sedimentation. The report was issued on a quarterly basis in 1946 and 1947, from 1948 to 1953 reports were issued every 6 months, and from 1954 to the present, the report has been issued annually.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Office of Water Data Coordination","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"U.S. Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data- Subcommittee on Sedimentation, 1988, Notes on sedimentation activities calendar year 1987, xxiv, 201 p.","productDescription":"xxiv, 201 p.","numberOfPages":"228","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1987-01-01","temporalEnd":"1987-12-31","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":270697,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045317/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":272714,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70045317/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"51653870e4b077fa94dadff1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"U.S. Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data- Subcommittee on Sedimentation","contributorId":127893,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"U.S. Interagency Advisory Committee on Water Data- Subcommittee on Sedimentation","id":535473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1003182,"text":"1003182 - 1988 - Morphology of glochidia of Lampsilis higginsi (Bivalvia: Unionidae) compared with three related species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:44","indexId":"1003182","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":735,"text":"American Malacological Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphology of glochidia of Lampsilis higginsi (Bivalvia: Unionidae) compared with three related species","docAbstract":"Glochidia of the endangered unionid mussel Lampsilis higginsi  (Lea) are morphologically similar to those  of several other species in the upper Mississippi River. Life history details, such as the timing of reproduction  and identity of host fish, can be readily studied if the glochidia of L. higginsi  can be distinguished from those of  related species. Authors used light and scanning electron microscopy and statistical analyses of three shell  measurements, shell length, shell height, and hinge length, to compare the glochidia of L. higginsi  with those of  L. radiata siliquoidea  (Barnes), L. ventricosa  (Barnes), and Ligumia recta  (Lamarck). Glochidia of L. higginsi   were differentiated by scanning electron microscopy on the basis of a combined examination of the position of  the hinge ligament and the width of dorsal ridges, but were indistinguishable by light microscope examination  or by statistical analyses of measurements.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Malacological Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Waller, D.L., Holland Bartels, L.E., and Mitchell, L.G., 1988, Morphology of glochidia of Lampsilis higginsi (Bivalvia: Unionidae) compared with three related species: American Malacological Bulletin, v. 6, no. 1, p. 39-43.","productDescription":"pp. 39-43","startPage":"39","endPage":"43","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199738,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b03e4b07f02db698f63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waller, D. L.","contributorId":43704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waller","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holland Bartels, L. E.","contributorId":71505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland Bartels","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mitchell, L. G.","contributorId":102978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1007794,"text":"1007794 - 1988 - A double survey estimate for sighting probability of sea otters in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-18T17:55:58.233192","indexId":"1007794","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A double survey estimate for sighting probability of sea otters in California","docAbstract":"<p>We developed an estimator for the probability of sighting sea otters (<i>Enhydra lutris</i>) by shore- based counters, based on simultaneous double-surveys. We then estimated probability of sighting sea otters in California and evaluated the estimator's principal assumptions. The overall probability of sighting sea otters on 5 replicated double-surveys at each of 6 study areas was 0.945. Estimated probability of sighting did not vary (P &gt; 0.05) among study areas or over time and was not correlated (P &gt; 0.05) with distance of otters from observers. Probability of sighting was affected (P &lt; 0.05) by sea otter activity and group size. Activity-specific probabilities of sighting were: resting = 0.990, foraging = 0.769, and other = 0.885. All animals missed by 1 observer team were in groups of <span>≤</span>2 otters, whereas 52% of the animals sighted during the study were in groups <span>≥</span>3. Observer teams may have varied slightly in sighting ability, but this variation did not substantially affect population estimates.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801061","usgsCitation":"Estes, J.A., and Jameson, R.J., 1988, A double survey estimate for sighting probability of sea otters in California: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 52, no. 1, p. 70-76, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801061.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"76","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488004,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3801061","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":130143,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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 \"}}]}","volume":"52","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aecdd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Estes, James A. 0000-0002-3632-4555 jim_estes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3632-4555","contributorId":240955,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Estes","given":"James","email":"jim_estes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":36629,"text":"University of California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":316044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jameson, Ronald J.","contributorId":17938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jameson","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013693,"text":"70013693 - 1988 - Crustal contributions to arc magmatism in the Andes of Central Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:32","indexId":"70013693","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal contributions to arc magmatism in the Andes of Central Chile","docAbstract":"Fifteen andesite-dacite stratovolcanoes on the volcanic front of a single segment of the Andean arc show along-arc changes in isotopic and elemental ratios that demonstrate large crustal contributions to magma genesis. All 15 centers lie 90 km above the Benioff zone and 280??20 km from the trench axis. Rate and geometry of subduction and composition and age of subducted sediments and seafloor are nearly constant along the segment. Nonetheless, from S to N along the volcanic front (at 57.5% SiO2) K2O rises from 1.1 to 2.4 wt %, Ba from 300 to 600 ppm, and Ce from 25 to 50 ppm, whereas FeO*/MgO declines from >2.5 to 1.4. Ce/Yb and Hf/Lu triple northward, in part reflecting suppression of HREE enrichment by deep-crustal garnet. Rb, Cs, Th, and U contents all rise markedly from S to N, but Rb/Cs values double northward - opposite to prediction were the regional alkali enrichment controlled by sediment subduction. K/Rb drops steeply and scatters greatly within many (biotite-free) andesitic suites. Wide diversity in Zr/Hf, Zr/Rb, Ba/Ta, and Ba/La within and among neighboring suites (which lack zircon and alkali feldspar) largely reflects local variability of intracrustal (not slab or mantle) contributions. Pb-isotope data define a limited range that straddles the Stacey-Kramers line, is bracketed by values of local basement rocks, in part plots above the field of Nazca plate sediment, and shows no indication of a steep (mantle+sedimentary) Pb mixing trend. 87Sr/86Sr values rise northward from 0.7036 to 0.7057, and 143Nd/144Nd values drop from 0.5129 to 0.5125. A northward climb in basal elevation of volcanic-front edifices from 1350 m to 4500 m elevation coincides with a Bougueranomaly gradient from -95 to -295 mgal, interpreted to indicate thickening of the crust from 30-35 km to 50-60 km. Complementary to the thickening crust, the mantle wedge beneath the front thins northward from about 60 km to 30-40 km (as slab depth is constant). The thick northern crust contains an abundance of Paleozoic and Triassic rocks, whereas the proportion of younger arc-intrusive basement increases southward. Primitive basalts are unknown anywhere along the arc. Base-level isotopic and chemical values for each volcano are established by blending of subcrustal and deep-crustal magmas in zones of melting, assimilation, storage and homogenization (MASH) at the mantle-crust transition. Scavenging of mid-to upper-crustal silicic-alkalic melts and intracrustal AFC (prominent at the largest center) can subsequently modify ascending magmas, but the base-level geochemical signature at each center reflects the depth of its MASH zone and the age, composition, and proportional contribution of the lowermost crust. ?? 1988 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00372365","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Hildreth, W., and Moorbath, S., 1988, Crustal contributions to arc magmatism in the Andes of Central Chile: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 98, no. 4, p. 455-489, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00372365.","startPage":"455","endPage":"489","numberOfPages":"35","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205032,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00372365"},{"id":220388,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcdae4b0c8380cd4e47e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hildreth, W. 0000-0002-7925-4251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7925-4251","contributorId":100487,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hildreth","given":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moorbath, S.","contributorId":49516,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moorbath","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013291,"text":"70013291 - 1988 - Tectonic history of the Syria Planum province of Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-05T15:55:17.508941","indexId":"70013291","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tectonic history of the Syria Planum province of Mars","docAbstract":"<p><span>We attribute most of the development of extensive fractures in the Tharsis region to discrete tectonic provinces within the region, rather than to Tharsis as a single entity. One of these provinces is in Syria Planum. Faults and collapse structures in the Syria Planum tectonic province on Mars are grouped into 13 sets based on relative age, areal distribution, and morphology. According to superposition and fault crosscutting relations and crater counts we designate six distinct episodes of tectonic activity in the following chronologic order: stage I is an early to late Noachian deformation forming mostly east-west structures (fault set IA); some large volcanoes also formed. Faults were produced possibly by flexural uplift. Also, arcuate, north trending grabens (set IB) indicate that faulting is transitional to the next stage. Stage II is late Noachian to early Hesperian radial faulting centered in Syria Planum, possibly due to isostatic uplift in late Noachian (set IIA) to early Hesperian (set IIB) time. Stage III is early to late Hesperian faulting tangential to Syria Planum that was related to local centers of uplift (sets III1-III3) on the periphery of Syria Planum. Stage IV is a late Hesperian graben formation that was circumferential to Syria Planum (set IVA), caused either by collapse associated with eruption of magma or by flexure of the lithosphere due to volcanic loading. In association with volcanism, minor faulting occurred, producing an oval pattern of faults in southwest Syria Planum (set IVBl) and a radial pattern south of the planum (set IVB2) that apparently rejuvenated buried stage II faults. Stage V is a late Hesperian to early Amazonian development of grabens and troughs of Noctis Labyrinthus and western Valles Marineris (set V) that was probably instigated by local uplift; exposure of groundwater or ground ice zones may have produced further collapse and trough enlargement. Stage VI is early Amazonian northwest trending faulting in Noctis Fossae (set VIl), perhaps due to Tharsis Monies-centered tectonism, and north northwest normal faulting along the eastern side of the Claritas rise (set VI2) that was due to tectonic subsidence. The duration of tectonic activity in the Syria Planum province was perhaps 2–3 b.y. Photoclinometric topographic profiles across 132 grabens and fault scarps show that Syria Planum grabens have widths (average of 2.5 km, and most range from 1 to 6 km) similar to lunar grabens, but the Martian grabens have slightly higher side walls (average about 132 m) and gentler wall slopes (average of 9° and range of 2°–25°) than lunar grabens (93 m high and 18° slopes). Scarp degradation on Mars has progressed through quakes, impact shaking, and dry slope processes; the lower slopes may be due to Mars’ higher gravity. Estimates of the amount of extension for individual grabens range from 20 to 350 m; most estimates of the thickness of the faulted layer range from 0.5 to 4.5 km (average is 1.5 km). This thickness range corresponds closely to the 0.8-to 3.6-km range in depth for pits, troughs, and canyons in Noctis Labyrinthus and along the walls of Valles Marineris. We propose that the predominant 1-to 1.5-km values obtained for both the thickness of the faulted layer and the depths of the pits, troughs, and theater heads of the canyons reflect the initial depth to the water table in this region, as governed by the depth to the base of ground ice. Maximum depths for these features may indicate lowered groundwater table depths and the base of ejecta material.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB093iB12p14893","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Tanaka, K.L., and Davis, P.A., 1988, Tectonic history of the Syria Planum province of Mars: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 93, no. B12, p. 14893-14917, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB12p14893.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"14893","endPage":"14917","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220137,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Mars","volume":"93","issue":"B12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba464e4b08c986b3202e2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tanaka, K. L.","contributorId":31394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tanaka","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, P. A.","contributorId":74021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1004074,"text":"1004074 - 1988 - Experimental <i>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i> infections in captive-reared wild turkeys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-06-22T10:57:31","indexId":"1004074","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Experimental <i>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i> infections in captive-reared wild turkeys","docAbstract":"<p><span>The effects of&nbsp;</span><i>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i><span>&nbsp;(MG) infections on egg production, fertility, and hatchability were studied in captive-reared wild turkeys (</span><i>Meleagris gallopavo</i><span>). Three groups of adult birds, each consisting of four hens and two toms, were exposed to MG by the respiratory route at the beginning of their breeding season. Fourteen control birds received sterile growth medium. Although no mortality of infected or control birds occurred, egg production during the first breeding season after infection was reduced. The mean number of eggs/hen/day produced by infected groups the first breeding season postexposure (PE) was significantly lower than the control value. The mean number of eggs produced daily by the same hens 1 yr later was unaffected by MG infection. The pecentage of fertile eggs produced by infected groups was slightly reduced in both the first and second breeding seasons PE. Hatchability of fertile eggs from infected hens was significantly lower than eggs from control hens. Productivity may be impaired if MG infections occur in free-ranging wild turkey populations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-24.3.528","usgsCitation":"Rocke, T.E., Yuill, T.M., and Amundson, T.E., 1988, Experimental <i>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i> infections in captive-reared wild turkeys: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 24, no. 3, p. 528-532, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-24.3.528.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"528","endPage":"532","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480046,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-24.3.528","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":135947,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a07e4b07f02db5f9321","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rocke, Tonie E. 0000-0003-3933-1563 trocke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3933-1563","contributorId":2665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rocke","given":"Tonie","email":"trocke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":315105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yuill, Thomas M.","contributorId":60580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yuill","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Amundson, Terry E.","contributorId":99509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Amundson","given":"Terry","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":36376,"text":"b1625 - 1988 - Bedrock geology of the Vipond Park 15-minute, Stine Mountain 7 1/2-minute, and Maurice Mountain 7 1/2-minute quadrangles, Pioneer Mountains, Beaverhead County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-22T18:12:01.090306","indexId":"b1625","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1625","title":"Bedrock geology of the Vipond Park 15-minute, Stine Mountain 7 1/2-minute, and Maurice Mountain 7 1/2-minute quadrangles, Pioneer Mountains, Beaverhead County, Montana","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1625","usgsCitation":"Zen, E., 1988, Bedrock geology of the Vipond Park 15-minute, Stine Mountain 7 1/2-minute, and Maurice Mountain 7 1/2-minute quadrangles, Pioneer Mountains, Beaverhead County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1625, Report: viii, 49 p.; 2 Plates: 57.64 x 29.96 inches and 53.95 x 29.44 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/b1625.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 49 p.; 2 Plates: 57.64 x 29.96 inches and 53.95 x 29.44 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":97369,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1625/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":97368,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1625/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":166532,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1625/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":109770,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_21817.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"21817"},{"id":64316,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1625/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","county":"Beaverhead County","otherGeospatial":"Vipond Park 15-minute, Stine Mountain 7 1/2 -minute, and Maurice Mountain 7 1/2-minute quadrangles","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.125,\n              45.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.125,\n              45.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.75,\n              45.5\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.75,\n              45.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.125,\n              45.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a5ee4b07f02db633f09","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zen, E-an","contributorId":38564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zen","given":"E-an","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":216224,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013695,"text":"70013695 - 1988 - Photolysis of rhodamine-WT dye","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-08T14:44:52.062722","indexId":"70013695","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1226,"text":"Chemosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Photolysis of rhodamine-WT dye","docAbstract":"<p><span>Photolysis of rhodamine-WT dye under natural sunlight conditions was determined by measuring the loss of fluorescence as a function of time. Rate coefficients at 30° north latitude ranged from 4.77 × 10</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;day</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;for summer to 3.16 × 10</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;day</span><sup>−2</sup><span>&nbsp;for winter. Experimental coefficients were in good agreement with values calculated using a laboratory-determined value of the quantum yield.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0045-6535(88)90031-8","usgsCitation":"Tai, D.Y., and Rathbun, R.E., 1988, Photolysis of rhodamine-WT dye: Chemosphere, v. 17, no. 3, p. 559-573, https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(88)90031-8.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"559","endPage":"573","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220444,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7a2ae4b0c8380cd78d80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tai, D. Y.","contributorId":59778,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tai","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366658,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rathbun, R. E.","contributorId":61796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013658,"text":"70013658 - 1988 - Bacterial ethane formation from reduced, ethylated sulfur compounds in anoxic sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-06T06:31:00","indexId":"70013658","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bacterial ethane formation from reduced, ethylated sulfur compounds in anoxic sediments","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id6\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id7\"><p>Trace levels of ethane were produced biologically in anoxic sediment slurries from five chemically different aquatic environments. Gases from these locations displayed biogenic characteristics, having<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>12</sup>C-enriched values of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup><i>CH</i><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>(−62<span>&nbsp;</span><i>to</i><span>&nbsp;</span>−86%.),<span>&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup><i>C</i><sub>2</sub><i>H</i><sub>6</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>(−35<span>&nbsp;</span><i>to</i><span>&nbsp;</span>−55%.) and high ratios (720 to 140,000) of<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>CH</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mtext>[C</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mtext>H</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>6</mn></msub><mtext>+ C</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mtext>H</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>8</mn></msub><mtext>]</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">CH4[C2H6+ C3H8]</span></span></span>. Endogenous production of ethane by slurries was inhibited by autoclaving or by addition of the inhibitor of methanogenic bacteria, 2-bromoethanesulfonic acid (BES). Ethane formation was stimulated markedly by ethanethiol (ESH), and, to a lesser extent, by diethylsulfide (DES). Formation of methane and ethane in ESH- or DES-amended slurries was blocked by BES. Experiments showed that ethionine (or an analogous compound) could be a precursor of ESH. Ethylamine or ethanol additions to slurries caused only a minor stimulation of ethane formation. Similarly, propanethiol additions resulted in only a minor enhancement of propane formation. Cell suspensions of a methyltrophic methanogen produced traces of ethane when incubated in the presence of DES, although the organism did not grow on this compound. These results indicate that methanogenic bacteria produce ethane from the traces of ethylated sulfur compounds present in recent sediments. Preliminary estimates of stable carbon isotope fractionation associated with sediment methane formation from dimethylsulfide was about 40%., while ethane formation from DES and ESH was only 4. 6 and 6.5%., respectively.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(88)90013-0","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Oremland, R., Whiticar, M.J., Strohmaier, F., and Kiene, R., 1988, Bacterial ethane formation from reduced, ethylated sulfur compounds in anoxic sediments: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 52, no. 7, p. 1895-1904, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(88)90013-0.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1895","endPage":"1904","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":219868,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ef9ee4b0c8380cd4a365","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oremland, R.S.","contributorId":97512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whiticar, Michael J.","contributorId":72124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whiticar","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Strohmaier, F.E.","contributorId":37893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Strohmaier","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kiene, R.P.","contributorId":33050,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kiene","given":"R.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70013690,"text":"70013690 - 1988 - Knowledge-based GIS techniques applied to geological engineering","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:38","indexId":"70013690","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Knowledge-based GIS techniques applied to geological engineering","docAbstract":"A knowledge-based geographic information system (KBGIS) approach which requires development of a rule base for both GIS processing and for the geological engineering application has been implemented. The rule bases are implemented in the Goldworks expert system development shell interfaced to the Earth Resources Data Analysis System (ERDAS) raster-based GIS for input and output. GIS analysis procedures including recoding, intersection, and union are controlled by the rule base, and the geological engineering map product is generted by the expert system. The KBGIS has been used to generate a geological engineering map of Creve Coeur, Missouri.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00991112","usgsCitation":"Usery, E.L., Altheide, P., Deister, R.R., and Barr, D.J., 1988, Knowledge-based GIS techniques applied to geological engineering: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 54, no. 11, p. 1623-1628.","startPage":"1623","endPage":"1628","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a40bde4b0c8380cd64fe6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Usery, E. Lynn 0000-0002-2766-2173 usery@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2766-2173","contributorId":231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Usery","given":"E.","email":"usery@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Lynn","affiliations":[{"id":423,"text":"National Geospatial Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":366646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Altheide, Phyllis","contributorId":8991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Altheide","given":"Phyllis","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deister, Robin R. P.","contributorId":38711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deister","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"R. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barr, David J.","contributorId":43493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barr","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70013841,"text":"70013841 - 1988 - Unsubstituted polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments, clams, and clam worms from Chesapeake Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:38","indexId":"70013841","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Unsubstituted polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments, clams, and clam worms from Chesapeake Bay","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0025326X","usgsCitation":"Foster, G., and Wright, D., 1988, Unsubstituted polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments, clams, and clam worms from Chesapeake Bay: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 19, no. 9, p. 459-465.","startPage":"459","endPage":"465","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbcf3e4b08c986b328e6a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Foster, G.D.","contributorId":98464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, D.A.","contributorId":15568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013668,"text":"70013668 - 1988 - Compositional evolution of the zoned calcalkaline magma chamber of Mount Mazama, Crater Lake, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-24T13:23:57","indexId":"70013668","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Compositional evolution of the zoned calcalkaline magma chamber of Mount Mazama, Crater Lake, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p class=\"Para\">The climactic eruption of Mount Mazama has long been recognized as a classic example of rapid eruption of a substantial fraction of a zoned magma body. Increased knowledge of eruptive history and new chemical analyses of ∼350 wholerock and glass samples of the climactic ejecta, preclimactic rhyodacite flows and their inclusions, postcaldera lavas, and lavas of nearby monogenetic vents are used here to infer processes of chemical evolution of this late Pleistocene — Holocene magmatic system. The 6845±50 BP climactic eruption vented ∼50 km<sup>3</sup>of magma to form: (1) rhyodacite fall deposit; (2) welded rhyodacite ignimbrite; and (3) lithic breccia and zoned ignimbrite, these during collapse of Crater Lake caldera. Climactic ejecta were dominantly homogeneous rhyodacite (70.4±0.3% SiO<sub>2</sub>), followed by subordinate andesite and cumulate scoriae (48–61% SiO<sub>2</sub>). The gap in wholerock composition reflects mainly a step in crystal content because glass compositions are virtually continuous. Two types of scoriae are distinguished by different LREE, Rb, Th, and Zr, but principally by a twofold contrast in Sr content: High-Sr (HSr) and low-Sr (LSr) scoriae. HSr scoriae were erupted first. Trace element abundances indicate that HSr and LSr scoriae had different calcalkaline andesite parents; basalt was parental to some mafic cumulate scoriae. Parental magma compositions reconstructed from scoria wholerock and glass data are similar to those of inclusions in preclimactic rhyodacites and of aphyric lavas of nearby monogenetic vents.</p><p class=\"Para\">Preclimactic rhyodacite flows and their magmatic inclusions give insight into evolution of the climactic chamber. Evolved rhyodacite flows containing LSr andesite inclusions were emplaced between ∼30000 and ∼25000 BP. At 7015±45 BP, the Llao Rock vent produced a zoned rhyodacite pumice fall, then rhyodacite lava with HSr andesite inclusions. The Cleetwood rhyodacite flow, emplaced immediately before the climactic eruption and compositionally identical to climactic rhyodacite (volatile-free), contains different HSr inclusions from Llao Rock. The change from LSr to HSr inclusions indicates replenishment of the chamber with andesite magma, perhaps several times, in the latest Pleistocene to early Holocene.</p><p class=\"Para\">Modeling calculations and wholerock-glass relations suggest than: (1) magmas were derived mainly by crystallization differentiation of andesite liquid; (2) evolved preclimactic rhyodacite probably was derived from LSr andesite; (3) rhyodacites contain a minor component of partial melt from wall rocks, and (4) climactic and compositionally similar rhyodacites probably formed by mixing of evolved rhyodacite with HSr derivative liquid(s) after replenishment of the chamber with HSr andesite magma. Density considerations permit a model for growth and evolution of the chamber in which andesite recharge magma ponded repeatedly between cumulates and rhyodacite magma. Convective cooling of this andesite resulted in rapid crystallization and upward escape of buoyant derivative liquid which mixed with overlying, convecting rhyodacite. The evolved rhyodacites were erupted early in the chamber's history and(or) near its margins. Postcaldera andesite lavas may be hybrids composed of LSr cumulates mixed with remnant climactic rhyodacite. Younger postcaldera rhyodacite probably formed by fractionation of similar andesite and assimilation of partial melts of wallrocks.</p><p class=\"Para\">Uniformity of climactic rhyodacite suggests homogeneous silicic ejecta from other volcanoes resulted from similar replenishment-driven convective mixing. Calcalkaline pluton compositions and their internal zonation can be interpreted in terms of the Mazama system frozen at various times in its history.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00402114","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Bacon, C., and Druitt, T.H., 1988, Compositional evolution of the zoned calcalkaline magma chamber of Mount Mazama, Crater Lake, Oregon: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 98, no. 2, p. 224-256, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00402114.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"224","endPage":"256","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":219994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":204996,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402114"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Mount Mazama, Crater Lake","volume":"98","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f937e4b0c8380cd4d4db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bacon, C. R. 0000-0002-2165-5618","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-5618","contributorId":21522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"C. R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":366595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Druitt, T. H.","contributorId":60662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Druitt","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013745,"text":"70013745 - 1988 - Oxygen isotope variations in granulite-grade iron formations: constraints on oxygen diffusion and retrograde isotopic exchange","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:28","indexId":"70013745","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oxygen isotope variations in granulite-grade iron formations: constraints on oxygen diffusion and retrograde isotopic exchange","docAbstract":"The oxygen isotope ratios of various minerals were measured in a granulite-grade iron formation in the Wind River Range, Wyoming. Estimates of temperature and pressure for the terrane using well calibrated geothermometers and geobarometers are 730??50?? C and 5.5??0.5 kbar. The mineral constraints on fluid compositions in the iron formation during retrogression require either very CO2-rich fluids or no fluid at all. In the iron formation, isotopic temperature estimates from quartz-magnetite fractionations are controlled by the proximity to the enclosing granitic gneiss, and range from 500?? C (??qz - mt=10.0???) within 2-3 meters of the orthogneiss contact to 600?? C (??qz - mt=8.0???) farther from the contact. Temperature estimates from other isotopic thermometers are in good agreement with those derived from the quartz-magnetite fractionations. During prograde metamorphism, the isotopic composition of the iron formation was lowered by the infiltration of an external fluid. Equilibrium was achieved over tens of meters. Closed-system retrograde exchange is consistent with the nearly constant whole-rock ??18Owr value of 8.0??0.6???. The greater ??qz-mt values in the iron formation near the orthogneiss contact are most likely due to a lower oxygen blocking temperature related to greater exchange-ability of deformed minerals at the contact. Cooling rates required to preserve the quartz-magnetite fractionations in the central portion of the iron formation are unreasonably high (???800?? C/Ma). In order to preserve the 600?? C isotopic temperature, the diffusion coefficient D (for ??-quartz) should be two orders of magnitude lower than the experimentally determined value of 2.5??10-16 cm2/s at 833 K. There are no values for the activation energy (Q) and pre-exponential diffusion coefficient (D0), consistent with the experimentally determined values, that will result in reasonable cooling rates for the Wind River iron formation. The discrepancy between the diffusion coefficient inferred from the Wind River terrane and that measured experimentally is almost certainly due to the enhancement of exchange by the presence of water in the laboratory experiments. Cooling rate estimates were also determined for iron formation retrograded under water-rich conditions. Application of the experimentally determined data to these rocks results in a reasonable cooling rate estimate, supporting the conclusion that the presence of water greatly enhances oxygen diffusion. ?? 1988 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00372366","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Sharp, Z., O’Neil, J.R., and Essene, E., 1988, Oxygen isotope variations in granulite-grade iron formations: constraints on oxygen diffusion and retrograde isotopic exchange: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 98, no. 4, p. 490-501, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00372366.","startPage":"490","endPage":"501","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480008,"rank":10000,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/47346>","text":"External Repository"},{"id":205039,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00372366"},{"id":220500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a72ade4b0c8380cd76c28","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sharp, Z.D.","contributorId":58391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sharp","given":"Z.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Neil, J. R.","contributorId":69633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Essene, E.J.","contributorId":91625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essene","given":"E.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":29426,"text":"wri864334 - 1988 - Water required, water used, and potential water sources for rice irrigation, north coast of Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-05T20:28:23.889047","indexId":"wri864334","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4334","title":"Water required, water used, and potential water sources for rice irrigation, north coast of Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"<p>A 3-yr investigation was conducted to determine the water required and used (both consumed and applied) for irrigation in the rice-growing areas of Vega Baja, Manati, and Arecibo along the north coast. In addition, the investigation evaluated the water resources of each area with regard to the full development of rice farming areas. Based on experiments conducted at selected test farms, water required ranged from 3.13 to 5.25 acre-ft/acre/crop. The amount of water required varies with the wet and dry seasons. Rainfall was capable of supplying from 31 to 70% of the water required for the measured crop cycles. Statistical analyses demonstrated that as much as 95% of rainfall is potentially usable for rice irrigation. The amount of water consumed differed from the quantity required at selected test farms. The difference between the amount of water consumed and that required was due to unaccounted losses or gains, seepage to and from the irrigation and drainage canals, and lateral leakage through levees. Due to poor water-management practices, the amount of water applied to the farms was considerably larger than the sum of the water requirement and the unaccounted losses or gains. Rivers within the rice growing areas constitute the major water supply for rice irrigation. Full development of these areas will require more water than the rivers can supply. Efficient use of rainfall can significantly reduce the water demand from streamflow. The resulting water demand, however, would still be in excess of the amount available from streamflow. Groundwater development in the area is limited because of seawater intrusion in the aquifers underlying the rice-growing areas. Capture of seepage to the aquifers using wells located near streams, artificial recharge, and development of the deep artesian system can provide additional water for rice irrigation.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864334","usgsCitation":"Roman-Mas, A., 1988, Water required, water used, and potential water sources for rice irrigation, north coast of Puerto Rico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4334, vi, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864334.","productDescription":"vi, 35 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":415296,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36651.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":58274,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4334/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159708,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4334/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -66.717,\n              18.483\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.717,\n              18.433\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.35,\n              18.433\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.35,\n              18.483\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.717,\n              18.483\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48d0e4b07f02db546da0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roman-Mas, A. J.","contributorId":55839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roman-Mas","given":"A. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1003444,"text":"1003444 - 1988 - Why did they quit?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-06T12:01:19.147035","indexId":"1003444","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1657,"text":"Fisheries","onlineIssn":"1548-8446","printIssn":"0363-2415","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Why did they quit?","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8446-13-2","usgsCitation":"Holland Bartels, L.E., and Hubley, R., 1988, Why did they quit?: Fisheries, v. 13, no. 2, p. 32-34, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8446-13-2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"34","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131366,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4a2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holland Bartels, L. E.","contributorId":71505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland Bartels","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hubley, R.C. Jr.","contributorId":94625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hubley","given":"R.C.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1003551,"text":"1003551 - 1988 - On the edge - on the Platte","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:22","indexId":"1003551","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2851,"text":"Nebraskaland","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the edge - on the Platte","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nebraskaland","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Kirsch, E., 1988, On the edge - on the Platte: Nebraskaland, v. 66, no. 2, p. 36-42.","productDescription":"pp. 36-42","startPage":"36","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131378,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4af3e4b07f02db691bba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirsch, E.M.","contributorId":87486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirsch","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70182587,"text":"70182587 - 1988 - Sandstone petrographic evidence and the Chugach-Prince William terrane boundary in southern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-06T15:24:40.721322","indexId":"70182587","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sandstone petrographic evidence and the Chugach-Prince William terrane boundary in southern Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>The contact between the Upper Cretaceous Valdez Group and the Paleocene and Eocene Orca Group has been inferred to be the boundary between the Chugach and the Prince William tectonostratigraphic terranes. Sandstone petrographic data from the Prince William Sound area show no compositional discontinuity across this contact. These data are best explained by considering the Valdez and Orca Groups to be part of a single terrane - a thick flysch sequence derived primarily from a progressively unroofing magmatic arc with increasing input from subduction-complex sources through time.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0456:SPEATC>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., 1988, Sandstone petrographic evidence and the Chugach-Prince William terrane boundary in southern Alaska: Geology, v. 16, no. 5, p. 456-460, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0456:SPEATC>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"456","endPage":"460","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336231,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chugach terrane, Prince William Sound, Prince William terrane","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -150.00732421875,\n              58.50517468678928\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.98681640625,\n              58.50517468678928\n            ],\n            [\n              -143.98681640625,\n              61.80428390136847\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.00732421875,\n              61.80428390136847\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.00732421875,\n              58.50517468678928\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b15446e4b01ccd54fc5eed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":671898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1003470,"text":"1003470 - 1988 - Integrated aeration systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:23","indexId":"1003470","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated aeration systems","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Dawson, V.K., and Marking, L.L., 1988, Integrated aeration systems: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 50, no. 1, p. 62-63.","productDescription":"pp. 62-63","startPage":"62","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dde4b07f02db5e1f2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dawson, V. K.","contributorId":48900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marking, L. L.","contributorId":90661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marking","given":"L.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":44824,"text":"wri884082 - 1988 - Distribution of dissolved-solids concentrations and temperature in ground water of the Gulf Coast aquifer systems, south-central United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-20T21:12:22.25239","indexId":"wri884082","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4082","title":"Distribution of dissolved-solids concentrations and temperature in ground water of the Gulf Coast aquifer systems, south-central United States","docAbstract":"<p>The distribution of dissolved-solids concentrations and temperature in waters of 10 of the aquifers comprising the gulf coast aquifer systems of the Gulf Mexico Coastal Plain are mapped at a scale of 1:3,500,000. Dissolved solids concentration in the aquifers of the Tertiary System ranges from less than 500 mg/L at the outcrop and subcrop areas to as much as 150,000 mg/L at the downdip extent of these aquifers. A distinct band of sharply increasing concentration of dissolved-solids occurs at about middip of each aquifer of the Tertiary System. Dissolved-solids concentration in younger aquifers ranges from less than 500 mg/L in outcrop and subcrop areas to about 70,000 mg/L at the downdip extent of these aquifers. Temperature of waters in permeable Tertiary deposits ranges from about 18 C at the outcrop and subcrop areas to 90 C at the downdip extent of these aquifers. Temperature of waters in younger deposits ranges from about 14 C at the outcrop and subcrop areas to 30 C at their downdip extent.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri884082","usgsCitation":"Pettijohn, R.A., Weiss, J.S., and Williamson, A.K., 1988, Distribution of dissolved-solids concentrations and temperature in ground water of the Gulf Coast aquifer systems, south-central United States: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4082, 5 Plates: 32.00 x 2.82 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884082.","productDescription":"5 Plates: 32.00 x 2.82 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":82159,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4082/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82158,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4082/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":171182,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":82162,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4082/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82161,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4082/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82160,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4082/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":414387,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47002.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf Coast aquifer systems","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -100.1667,\n              26\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.1375,\n              26\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.1375,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.1667,\n              37\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.1667,\n              26\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db648707","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pettijohn, Robert A.","contributorId":77502,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pettijohn","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Weiss, Jonathan S.","contributorId":32973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weiss","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Williamson, Alex K.","contributorId":36543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williamson","given":"Alex","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70180792,"text":"70180792 - 1988 - Predation by resident fish on juvenile salmonids in John Day Reservoir","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T12:22:25","indexId":"70180792","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"title":"Predation by resident fish on juvenile salmonids in John Day Reservoir","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Poe, T., and Rieman, B., 1988, Predation by resident fish on juvenile salmonids in John Day Reservoir.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334670,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"John Day reservoir ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -120.67176818847656,\n              45.74500616007653\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.87570190429688,\n              45.682678322324904\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.94642639160158,\n              45.67116404333791\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.94917297363281,\n              45.63516665067313\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.88874816894531,\n              45.62652383350405\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.79399108886719,\n              45.67596194751415\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.63400268554689,\n              45.73206686696598\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.67176818847656,\n              45.74500616007653\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5895a4d5e4b0fa1e59bc1ea8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poe, T.P.","contributorId":51687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poe","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rieman, B.E.","contributorId":67283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rieman","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014435,"text":"70014435 - 1988 - On seismically induced pore pressure and settlement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:31","indexId":"70014435","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"On seismically induced pore pressure and settlement","docAbstract":"Two different approaches are used to estimate pore pressures and settlement in a 50-ft (15.2-m) sand deposit subjected to a variety of earthquake loadings. Although the two approaches seem consistent in predicting the occurrence of liquefaction, the results show that they are quite divergent in estimating pore-pressure build-ups and magnitude of ground settlement.","largerWorkTitle":"Geotechnical Special Publication","conferenceTitle":"Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics II - Recent Advances in Ground-Motion Evaluation: Proceedings of the Specialty Conference","conferenceDate":"27 June 1988 through 30 June 1988","conferenceLocation":"Park City, UT, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","issn":"08950563","usgsCitation":"Chen, A.T., 1988, On seismically induced pore pressure and settlement, <i>in</i> Geotechnical Special Publication, no. n, Park City, UT, USA, 27 June 1988 through 30 June 1988, p. 482-492.","startPage":"482","endPage":"492","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"n","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6dabe4b0c8380cd75271","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chen, Albert T.F.","contributorId":80671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Albert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014438,"text":"70014438 - 1988 - Geologic evidence for a magma chamber beneath Newberry Volcano, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-05T15:04:31.997318","indexId":"70014438","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geologic evidence for a magma chamber beneath Newberry Volcano, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p><span>At Newberry Volcano, central Oregon, more than 0.5 m.y. of magmatic activity, including caldera collapse and renewed caldera-filling volcanism, has created a structural and thermal chimney that channels magma ascent. Holocene rhyolitic eruptions (1) have been confined mainly within the caldera in an area 5 km in diameter, (2) have been very similar in chemical composition, phenocryst mineralogy, and eruptive style, and (3) have occurred as recently as 1300 years ago, with repose periods of 2000–3000 years between eruptions. Holocene basaltic andesite eruptions are widespread on the flanks but are excluded from the area of rhyolitic volcanism. Basaltic andesite in fissures at the edge of the rhyolite area has silicic inclusions and shows mixed basalt-rhyolite magma relations. These geologic relations and the high geothermal gradient that characterizes the lower part of a drill hole in the caldera (U.S. Geological Survey Newberry 2) indicate that a rhyolitic magma chamber has existed beneath the caldera throughout the Holocene. Its longevity probably is a result of intermittent underplating by basaltic magma.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB093iB09p10067","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"MacLeod, N.S., and Sherrod, D.R., 1988, Geologic evidence for a magma chamber beneath Newberry Volcano, Oregon: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 93, no. B9, p. 10067-10079, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB09p10067.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"10067","endPage":"10079","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225513,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"B9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1959e4b0c8380cd55969","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacLeod, N. S.","contributorId":55816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacLeod","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sherrod, D. R.","contributorId":44559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sherrod","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70196327,"text":"70196327 - 1988 - Chemical characteristics of prairie lakes in south-central North Dakota--their potential for influencing use by fish and wildlife","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T15:26:39","indexId":"70196327","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":91,"text":"Technical Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"18","title":"Chemical characteristics of prairie lakes in south-central North Dakota--their potential for influencing use by fish and wildlife","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Swanson, G., Winter, T.C., Adomaitis, V.A., and LaBaugh, J.W., 1988, Chemical characteristics of prairie lakes in south-central North Dakota--their potential for influencing use by fish and wildlife: Technical Report 18, 44 p.","productDescription":"44 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":353059,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff338fe4b0da30c1bfd91d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, G.A.","contributorId":49299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":732337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winter, T. C.","contributorId":169945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Winter","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":25635,"text":"USGS, Lakewood, CO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":732338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adomaitis, V. A.","contributorId":66198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adomaitis","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":732339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LaBaugh, James W. 0000-0002-4112-2536 jlabaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4112-2536","contributorId":1311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaBaugh","given":"James","email":"jlabaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":732340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}