The Papsy's Hope autunite prospect is in the eastern part of the Marysvale district, Piute County, Utah, about 1 1/2 miles northeast of the mines now operating. It is developed by two shallow cuts and a short incline shaft. One cut exposes a zone of fractures, sparse quartz veins, and scattered autunite. Most if the autunite is exposed within a north-south distance of 17 feet. The trend of the zone is not known. Samples across the autunite-bearing zone average 0.026 percent equivalent uranium.
\nThe deposit is in feldspar porphyry of the older Tertiary (Bullion Canyon) volcanics. The intrusive quartz monzonite that contains the deposits now being mined is in contact with quartz porphyry similar to the rocks exposed about 1500 feet west if the Papsy’s Hope prospect.
\nIn comparing the Papsy’s Pope prospect with the deposits now being mined, two major correlations have been observed. (1) The deposits at the Papsy’s Hope prospect and those at the Bullion Monarch and Prospector mined are immediately beneath the old erosion surface at the base if the y0ounger tertiary volcanics. The younger volcanics are still present a short distance to the nrth and south of the Papsy’s Hope perospect. (2) The deposits at the Papsy’s Hope prospect and at the Prospector mine are associated with completely silicified outcrops. These correlations may prove of value for prospecting, and further study of the m is in progress.
\nFurther prospecting would be necessary to determine the trend of the autunite-bearing zone and to expose it at greater depth. This could be done by trenching across the probable northeast-southwest trend of the zone, by drilling, and either extending the present inclines shaft, or, preferably, driving a new incline at a lower level.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/tem145","usgsCitation":"Kaiser, E., 1950, The Papsy's Hope autunite prospect, Marysvale District, Piute County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Trace Elements Memorandum 145, Report: 11 p.; 1 Plate: 16.61 x 21.76 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/tem145.","productDescription":"Report: 11 p.; 1 Plate: 16.61 x 21.76 inches","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":283456,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/tem145.jpg"},{"id":284585,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/0145/plate-2.pdf"},{"id":284586,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tem/0145/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Piute County","otherGeospatial":"Marysvale District","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.518504,38.145564 ], [ -112.518504,38.512178 ], [ -111.766741,38.512178 ], [ -111.766741,38.145564 ], [ -112.518504,38.145564 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5355959de4b0120853e8c268","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kaiser, Edward P.","contributorId":90216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaiser","given":"Edward P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70047667,"text":"70047667 - 1949 - Geology of the Roswell artesian basin, New Mexico, and its relation to the Hondo Reservoir and Effect on artesian aquifer storage of flood water in Hondo Reservoir","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":70047667,"text":"70047667 - 1949 - Geology of the Roswell artesian basin, New Mexico, and its relation to the Hondo Reservoir and Effect on artesian aquifer storage of flood water in Hondo Reservoir","indexId":"70047667","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"title":"Geology of the Roswell artesian basin, New Mexico, and its relation to the Hondo Reservoir and Effect on artesian aquifer storage of flood water in Hondo Reservoir"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":50957,"text":"ofr5197 - 1951 - Geology of the Roswell artesian basin, New Mexico, and its relation to the Hondo Reservoir","indexId":"ofr5197","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"title":"Geology of the Roswell artesian basin, New Mexico, and its relation to the Hondo Reservoir"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":50957,"text":"ofr5197 - 1951 - Geology of the Roswell artesian basin, New Mexico, and its relation to the Hondo Reservoir","indexId":"ofr5197","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"title":"Geology of the Roswell artesian basin, New Mexico, and its relation to the Hondo Reservoir"},"lastModifiedDate":"2013-08-16T15:30:03","indexId":"70047667","displayToPublicDate":"2013-01-01T15:20:00","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":138,"text":"Technical Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"9","title":"Geology of the Roswell artesian basin, New Mexico, and its relation to the Hondo Reservoir and Effect on artesian aquifer storage of flood water in Hondo Reservoir","docAbstract":"In the Roswell Basin in southeastern New Mexico artesian water is produced from cavernous zones in the carbonate rocks of the San Andres formation and the lower part of the Chalk Bluff formation, both of Permian age. The Hondo Reservoir, 9 miles west-southwest of Roswell, was completed by the U. S. Bureau of Reclamation in 1907, to store waters of the Rio Hondo for irrigation. The project was not successful, as the impounded water escaped rapidly through holes in the gypsum and limestone of the San Andres formation constituting its floor. Of 27,000 acre~feet that entered the reservoir between 1908 and 1913, only 1,100 acre-feet was drawn Ollt for use, the remainder escaping through the floor of the reservoir. Since 1939, plans have been drawn up by the State Engineer and by Federal agencies to utilize the reservoir to protect Roswell from floods. It has also been suggested that water from the Pecos River might be diverted into underground storage through the reservoir. Sinkholes in the Roswell Basin are largely clustered in areas where gypsum occurs in the bedrock. Collapse of strata is due to solution of underlying rock commonly containing gypsum. Domes occur in gypsiferous strata near Salt Creek. The Bottomless Lakes, sinkhole lakes in the escarpment on the east side of the Pecos, are believed to have developed in north-south hinge-line fractures opened when the westernmost beds in the escarpment collapsed. Collapse was due to solution and removal of gypsiferous rock by artesian water which now fills the lakes.","language":"English","publisher":"New Mexico State Engineer","publisherLocation":"Santa Fe, NM","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with the Geological Survey and Bureau of Reclamation United States Department of the Interior","usgsCitation":"Bean, R.T., and Theis, C.V., 1949, Geology of the Roswell artesian basin, New Mexico, and its relation to the Hondo Reservoir and Effect on artesian aquifer storage of flood water in Hondo Reservoir: Technical Report 9, ii, 36 p.","productDescription":"ii, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"45","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":276716,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/70047667.JPG"},{"id":276715,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.ose.state.nm.us/PDF/Publications/Library/TechnicalReports/TechReport-009.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Artesian Basin;Hondo Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -109.0,31.33 ], [ -109.0,37.0 ], [ -103.0,37.0 ], [ -103.0,31.33 ], [ -109.0,31.33 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"520f49e2e4b0fc50304bc4c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bean, Robert T.","contributorId":105630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bean","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Theis, Charles V.","contributorId":48080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theis","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":482673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":50894,"text":"ofr4920 - 1949 - Coal investigations on the southern margin of the Homer district, Kenai coal field, Alaska, in 1947-48","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":50894,"text":"ofr4920 - 1949 - Coal investigations on the southern margin of the Homer district, Kenai coal field, Alaska, in 1947-48","indexId":"ofr4920","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"title":"Coal investigations on the southern margin of the Homer district, Kenai coal field, Alaska, in 1947-48"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":33717,"text":"b963E - 1951 - Coal investigations in south-central Alaska, 1944-46","indexId":"b963E","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Coal investigations in south-central Alaska, 1944-46"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":33717,"text":"b963E - 1951 - Coal investigations in south-central Alaska, 1944-46","indexId":"b963E","publicationYear":"1951","noYear":false,"title":"Coal investigations in south-central Alaska, 1944-46"},"lastModifiedDate":"2023-07-10T16:57:43.537794","indexId":"ofr4920","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"49-20","title":"Coal investigations on the southern margin of the Homer district, Kenai coal field, Alaska, in 1947-48","docAbstract":"The presence of coal in the Tertiary Kenai formation of western Kenai Peninsula has been known since 1880, chiefly as exposed along the north shore of Kachemak Bay and the adjoining east shore of Cook Inlet (fig. 1). Several early attempts were made to develop a commercial mine in this area in the period 1888-1902 but none progressed beyond the prospecting stage and little coal was produced. In 1915 the mining of coal-was started at the Bluff Point mine, 1 1/2 miles west of Homer. Available records indicate that this mine produced between 20,000 and 25,000 tons of coal before closing in 1324. No further attempt at mining was made until 1946, when the Homer Coal Corporation began development near the site of the old Bluff Point mine. Development work during 1946 and 1947 included construction of a truck-loading bunker, mess hail, bunkhouse, and an incline end hoist for raising coal from the tunnel in the face of the beach bluff. Only a small amount of underground work was done in 1946 and 1947, and practically none in 1948.
A preliminary step toward more extended investigation of the coal deposits of the Homer district was made by the writer, accompanied by T. J. Jolley of the U. S. Bureau of Mines, in the summer of 1946. Several days were spent in examining the principal coal exposures near Homer and collecting samples to determine the desirability of more detailed investigation.
Detailed examination of the coal deposits of the Homer district was started by the Geological Survey in 1947. The period July 17 to September 14 was spent by the writer, assisted by H. C. Wagner, geologist, and L. A. Hale, field assistant, in reconnaissance of isolated coal exposures in an area extending several miles north of Homer, and in measuring detailed stratigraphic sections in the bluffs just north of Homer between Coal (Bidarki) and Fritz Creeks.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr4920","usgsCitation":"Barnes, F., 1949, Coal investigations on the southern margin of the Homer district, Kenai coal field, Alaska, in 1947-48: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 49-20, Report: 11 p.; 5 Plates: 69.29 x 34.63 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4920.","productDescription":"Report: 11 p.; 5 Plates: 69.29 x 34.63 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":418822,"rank":7,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0020/figure-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":418821,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0020/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":418820,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0020/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":418819,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0020/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":418818,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0020/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":175797,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0020/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":418817,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0020/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","city":"Homer","otherGeospatial":"Kenai coal field","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -151.97606895484873,\n 59.86995468899815\n ],\n [\n -151.97606895484873,\n 59.29432591306937\n ],\n [\n -151.0279167616619,\n 59.29432591306937\n ],\n [\n -151.0279167616619,\n 59.86995468899815\n ],\n [\n -151.97606895484873,\n 59.86995468899815\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ade4b07f02db5c728f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnes, F.F.","contributorId":87198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"F.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":242567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":36184,"text":"b948B - 1949 - Chromite deposits near Seiad and McGuffy Creeks, Siskiyou County, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":55437,"text":"ofr4214 - 1942 - Fairview and Ladd chromite deposits, Siskiyou County, California","indexId":"ofr4214","publicationYear":"1942","noYear":false,"title":"Fairview and Ladd chromite deposits, Siskiyou County, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":36184,"text":"b948B - 1949 - Chromite deposits near Seiad and McGuffy Creeks, Siskiyou County, California","indexId":"b948B","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Chromite deposits near Seiad and McGuffy Creeks, Siskiyou County, California"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":55447,"text":"ofr4338 - 1943 - Chromite deposits of Little Castle Creek area, Shasta and Siskiyou Counties, California","indexId":"ofr4338","publicationYear":"1943","noYear":false,"title":"Chromite deposits of Little Castle Creek area, Shasta and Siskiyou Counties, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":36184,"text":"b948B - 1949 - Chromite deposits near Seiad and McGuffy Creeks, Siskiyou County, California","indexId":"b948B","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Chromite deposits near Seiad and McGuffy Creeks, Siskiyou County, California"},"id":2},{"subject":{"id":55448,"text":"ofr426 - 1942 - Geologic map of McGuffy Creek area, Siskiyou County, California","indexId":"ofr426","publicationYear":"1942","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic map of McGuffy Creek area, Siskiyou County, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":36184,"text":"b948B - 1949 - Chromite deposits near Seiad and McGuffy Creeks, Siskiyou County, California","indexId":"b948B","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Chromite deposits near Seiad and McGuffy Creeks, Siskiyou County, California"},"id":3},{"subject":{"id":55449,"text":"ofr4213 - 1942 - Geologic maps of the Kangaroo Mountain chromite area, Siskiyou County, California","indexId":"ofr4213","publicationYear":"1942","noYear":false,"title":"Geologic maps of the Kangaroo Mountain chromite area, Siskiyou County, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":36184,"text":"b948B - 1949 - Chromite deposits near Seiad and McGuffy Creeks, Siskiyou County, California","indexId":"b948B","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"chapter":"B","title":"Chromite deposits near Seiad and McGuffy Creeks, Siskiyou County, California"},"id":4}],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-05T13:45:20","indexId":"b948B","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"948","chapter":"B","title":"Chromite deposits near Seiad and McGuffy Creeks, Siskiyou County, California","docAbstract":"The chromite deposits described in this report are in northcentral Siskiyou County, Calif. They are in two long tabular masses of peridotite which lie end to end and trend northnorthwest across the valley of the Klamath River. The Seiad Creek-Red Butte mass extends 10 miles north of the river and the Hamburg-McGuffy Creek mass 8 miles south. The outcrops of both are from 1 to 2 miles wide. The rocks that bound the peridotite on the east are thoroughly reconstructed schist and those bordering it to the west are less-metamorphosed volcanic and sedimentary rocks. The schists have been considered to be pre-Cambrian age, whereas the rocks to the west are probably of early Triassic age.
Strictly speaking, the chromite-bearing masses are complex bodies of ultramafic rock consisting mainly of dunite but also containing saxonite, lherzolite, pyroxeni,te and hornblendite (listed in order of abundance). Only the dunite contains chromite ore.
The tabular peridotite masses lie parallel to planar structures in the older rocks, but in their internal make-up no large- scale structural pattern has been recognized. The most con- spicuous internal structure is the linear arrangement of the chromite-rich schlieren in the ore-bearing parts of the peri- dotite. A typical ore body may include parts made up of evenly disseminated chromite; the richest and largest bodies, however, are made up of concentrated, closely spaced chromite schlieren of different size, shape, and richness. Some schlieren contain 80 to 95 percent of chromite, but most of them contain 25 percent or less, and the ore must be concentrated to yield a marketable product.
Chromite is composed of chromic oxide, alumina, ferric oxide, ferrous oxide, and magnesia in different proportions. Hence the ~bromic-oxide content of pure chromites differ. It is consistently high for the chromite from this area as it ranges from 55 to 58 percent. The iron content is likewise consistently high, ranging from 14 to 21 percent.
The total reserves of indicated and inferred ore as of May 1945 were 274,500 short tons, which would average 8 percent Cr2O3. The Seiad Creek mine (Mountain View group) contained the largest deposit; reserves amounted to 212,000 short tons. The McGuffy Creek mine contained 50,000 short tons of indicated and inferred ore. Four other deposits, the Emma Bell, Kangaroo, Mountain, Fairview, and Ladd, contain a few thousand tons of ore each.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/b948B","usgsCitation":"Wells, F.G., Smith, C.T., Rynearson, G.A., and Livermore, J.S., 1949, Chromite deposits near Seiad and McGuffy Creeks, Siskiyou County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 948, 1Report: 59 p.; 8 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/b948B.","productDescription":"1Report: 59 p.; 8 Plates","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":109610,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index 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States","state":"California","county":"Siskiyou County","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dde4b07f02db5e2421","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, Francis Gerritt","contributorId":38628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"Francis","email":"","middleInitial":"Gerritt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":215908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Clay Taylor","contributorId":25618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Clay","email":"","middleInitial":"Taylor","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":215907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rynearson, Garn A.","contributorId":216036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rynearson","given":"Garn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":215910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Livermore, John S.","contributorId":216037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livermore","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":215909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":15676,"text":"ofr4947 - 1949 - Geology of the Antler Peak quadrangle, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-17T14:02:15.598607","indexId":"ofr4947","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"49-47","title":"Geology of the Antler Peak quadrangle, Nevada","docAbstract":"The Antler Peak quadrangle is bounded by the meridians 117° and 117°15' and the parallels 140°30' and 40°45', in north-central Nevada. It is in the Basin and Range province and includes Battle Mountain, a north-trending range 18 miles long and 114 miles wide. The range is bounded on the east by the Reese River Valley, on the northeast by the Humboldt Valley, on the west by the Buffalo Valley, and on the south by a low divide separating the Buffalo Valley from the Reese River Valley. Altitudes in the quadrangle range from 4,475 to 8,550 feet; the local relief is as much as 3,500 feet, but is generally less than 2,000 feet.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr4947","usgsCitation":"Roberts, R.J., 1949, Geology of the Antler Peak quadrangle, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 49-47, Report: 110 p.; 6 Plates: 22.86 x 37.06 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4947.","productDescription":"Report: 110 p.; 6 Plates: 22.86 x 37.06 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147845,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0047/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":492359,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0047/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 2","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":492362,"rank":8,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0047/plate-1-A.pdf","text":"Plate 1-A","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":492361,"rank":7,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0047/plate-1-B.pdf","text":"Plate 1-B","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":492360,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0047/plate-2-explanation.pdf","text":"Plate 2 Explanation","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":492358,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0047/plate-3-A.pdf","text":"Plate 3-A","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":492357,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0047/plate-3-B.pdf","text":"Plate 3-B","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":492356,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1949/0047/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Antler Peak quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.25,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -117.25,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 40.5\n ],\n [\n -117,\n 40.75\n ],\n [\n -117.25,\n 40.75\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5e23e4b0b290850fb80c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roberts, Ralph Jackson","contributorId":63010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"Jackson","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3312,"text":"cir20 - 1949 - Progress report on the geology and ground-water hydrology of the lower Platte River Valley, Nebraska, with a section on the chemical quality of the ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T12:56:23","indexId":"cir20","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"20","title":"Progress report on the geology and ground-water hydrology of the lower Platte River Valley, Nebraska, with a section on the chemical quality of the ground water","docAbstract":"The occurrence of abundant ground-water supplies in the lower Platte River Valley has made possible the present agricultural and industrial economy of the area. Likewise, the future development of the area is dependent on the wise use of this important resource. The current investigation, on which this report is based, is a necessary step in the planning for the greatest ultimate utilization of the water resources in the lower Platte River Valley.
The area covered by this study is the floor of the lower Platte River Valley between North Platte and Fremont and embraces about 2,500 square miles. The entire valley floor is underlain by unconsolidated Pleistocene sediments which consist of clay, silt, sand and gravel and range in thickness from less than 20 feet to nearly 200 feet. Westward from Cozad these sediments were deposited in a valley entrenched in bedrock, but east of Cozad they are continuous with similar deposits which underlie the adjacent uplands. Bedrock formations of Tertiary age are in contact with the basal Pleistocene sediments from the west end of the area to about Central City. From Central City eastward, formations of Cretaceous age immediately underlie the Pleistocene deposits.
The Pleistocene sediments and underlying pervious formations are water saturated below depths which range from less than 1 foot to about 90 feet below the surface. In general, the configuration of the water table is similar to the topography of the land surface, but the relief on the water table is considerably less by comparison. Movement of ground water is either toward the river or parallel to it. Based on present information, movement of ground water out of the valley is not indicated but additional water-level control is needed south of the valley between Grand Island and Columbus to determine the possibility of ground-water loss in this stretch of the valley.
Periodic observations of water-table fluctuations have constituted an important phase of ground-water studies in the lower Platte River Valley. Examination of water-level data collected by the Geological Survey in cooperation with the Conservation and Survey Division of the University of Nebraska indicates that water levels throughout most of the valley between Gothenburg and Grand Island declined during the 9-year period, December 1930 to December 1939. The maximum net declines observed during this period were a little greater than 4 feet. During the period December 1939 to December 1946, water levels recovered throughout much of the same area; in local areas on the south side of the Platte River between North Platte and Overton water levels rose in excess of 10 feet as a result of seepage losses tram canals and irrigated lands. However, north of Wood River in western Hall County water levels continued to decline to the extent that in at least 3 observation wells water levels in December 1946 were more than 5 feet lower than in December 1930.
Water levels were measured monthly in 1946 and bimonthly in 1947 in observation wells located throughout the area covered by this report. During this period water levels fluctuated through a range of about 3 feet, the lowest levels being reached in September 1946 and the highest levels being reached in July 1947. Average fluctuations between successive measurements were a little less than 0.4 foot. The amount of ground-water discharge in the summer months of 1947 was approximately double that of the previous summer. However, replenishment to groundwater storage during the fall of 1946 and the spring of 1947 was sufficiently great that the amount of water in storage in the valley as a whole at the end of the 2-year period was essentially equal to the amount in storage at the beginning of the period. At the end of 1947 the Dawson and Buffalo County areas showed gains to storage whereas the remainder of the valley suffered vary slight losses during the same 2 years.
The quantity of ground water that a water-bearing material will yield is dependent upon the hydrologic properties of the material. Two hydrologic properties of greatest importance are permeability and specific yield. During the course of the present investigation 5 pumping tests were conducted to determine the coefficients of permeability and storage of the Pleistocene deposits. The values of the former range from 955 to 4,925 and the latter tram 0.007. to 0.236 attar 24 hours of pumping.
The mineral character of the ground water has been determined from analyses of samples, of which 15 represented municipal supplies and 3 were irrigation waters. Ground waters analyzed for this report contained variable amounts of dissolved solids ranging from 240 to 1,060 parts per million, with hardness values above limits considered desirable tor public supplies. The increased concentration of dissolved solids for ground waters in the western part of the valley as a result of return flow conditions, is noted. Ground waters in the valley are discussed as to suitability for municipal and irrigation uses, and analyses of samples do not reveal any serious condition that would adversely affect the use of these waters for the purposes intended. As irrigation increases, periodic chemical analyses of ground waters in this area will be required to evaluate the effects of the re-use of drainage waters and to provide information for salinity control.
Ground-water supplies are drawn upon extensively for irrigation purposes, for municipal supplies, and for rural, domestic and stock supplies. Nearly 4,000 irrigation wells are known to exist in the area, the greatest concentrations of these being in Dawson, Buffalo, and Hall Counties.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir20","usgsCitation":"Waite, H.A., and Swenson, H.A., 1949, Progress report on the geology and ground-water hydrology of the lower Platte River Valley, Nebraska, with a section on the chemical quality of the ground water: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 20, Report: v, 211 p.; 4 plates: 43.75 x 22.00 inches or less , https://doi.org/10.3133/cir20.","productDescription":"Report: v, 211 p.; 4 plates: 43.75 x 22.00 inches or less ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1949/0020/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30314,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1949/0020/plate-2.pdf","text":"Plate 5","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 2"},{"id":30313,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1949/0020/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 1"},{"id":30315,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1949/0020/plate-3.pdf","text":"Plate 6","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Plate 3"},{"id":30316,"rank":301,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1949/0020/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"},{"id":337200,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1949/0020/plate-9.pdf","text":"Plate 9","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Lower Platte River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96.27319335937499,\n 41.47566020027821\n ],\n [\n -96.35009765625,\n 41.6154423246811\n ],\n [\n -96.800537109375,\n 41.66470503009207\n ],\n [\n -97.0751953125,\n 41.63186741069748\n ],\n [\n -97.44873046875,\n 41.549700145132725\n ],\n [\n -97.822265625,\n 41.50857729743935\n ],\n [\n -98.250732421875,\n 41.45919537950706\n ],\n [\n -98.50341796875,\n 41.236511201246216\n ],\n [\n -98.82202148437499,\n 41.08763212467916\n ],\n [\n -99.0966796875,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n -99.55810546875,\n 41.07935114946899\n ],\n [\n -100.65673828125,\n 41.244772343082076\n ],\n [\n -101.162109375,\n 41.244772343082076\n ],\n [\n -101.458740234375,\n 41.19518982948959\n ],\n [\n -101.458740234375,\n 41.054501963290505\n ],\n [\n -101.14013671875,\n 40.93841495689795\n ],\n [\n -100.887451171875,\n 40.863679665481676\n ],\n [\n -100.283203125,\n 40.730608477796636\n ],\n [\n -99.931640625,\n 40.622291783092706\n ],\n [\n -99.459228515625,\n 40.463666324587685\n ],\n [\n -98.87695312499999,\n 40.50544628405211\n ],\n [\n -98.20678710937499,\n 40.772221877329024\n ],\n [\n -97.822265625,\n 40.9964840143779\n ],\n [\n -97.48168945312499,\n 41.20345619205131\n ],\n [\n -97.152099609375,\n 41.261291493919884\n ],\n [\n -96.78955078125,\n 41.178653972331674\n ],\n [\n -96.427001953125,\n 41.269549502842565\n ],\n [\n -96.27319335937499,\n 41.47566020027821\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65de1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waite, Herbert A.","contributorId":40973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waite","given":"Herbert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swenson, Herbert A.","contributorId":93461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swenson","given":"Herbert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":2795,"text":"wsp1029 - 1949 - Ground water in the Jordan Valley, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T12:43:40","indexId":"wsp1029","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1029","title":"Ground water in the Jordan Valley, Utah","docAbstract":"The Jordan Valley is a small part of a larger area that during the glacial epoch was covered by an ancient lake known as Lake Bonneville. The Jordan River, the natural drainage path from Utah Lake, flows northward through the center of the valley and empties into Great Salt Lake. The Jordan Valley is a rockbottomed valley in which a great thickness of clay, silt, sand, and gravel has been laid down irregularly. The thickness of this material is not definitely known, but wells in the valley have penetrated as much as 2,000 feet without encountering bedrock. These sediments are chiefly stream and lake deposits. The material at the surface of the valley was deposited in an ancient lake which at its highest stage stood about 1,000 feet above the level of Great Salt Lake. The shore deposits laid down in this lake occur in the form of terraces or benches around the margin of this basin. The two most prominent benches are known as the Bonneville and Provo benches. The Bonneville bench was formed during the highest stage of the lake, and the Provo bench during a later stage about 400 feet lower.
Ground water occurs in the valley as (1) shallow ground water overlying the confining layer creating the artesian basin, (2) local perched water bodies, and (3) an artesian basin or reservoir including the recharge area. It occurs chiefly in the pore spaces of the sand and gravel of the stream and lake deposits. The most permeable water-bearing material occurs near the foot of the Wasatch Mountains in the area occupied by the Provo and Bonneville benches. At some distance from the mountains beds of finer material dense silt and clay alternate with more permeable beds of sand and gravel, giving rise to artesian conditions. On the Provo and Bonneville benches the water levels lie at considerable distances below the surface; but in the lower areas along the Jordan River and west of Salt Lake City as far as the lake, artesian conditions exist and many flowing wells have been drilled.
The principal sources of ground water in the Jordan Valley are the water that seeps into the ground from the streams entering the valley, the water that penetrates directly from the ram and snow that fall upon the bench lands on the east side of the valley, and the water that percolates downward from irrigation canals and from irrigated lands, chiefly derived from Utah Lake. In addition some deep-seated thermal water rises along the Wasatch fault.
Field determinations of the chloride content of the ground water show that nearly all the waters from the main part of the area of artesian flow, extending from Salt Lake City to Murray have a chloride content of less than 100 parts per million, and most of them have less than 50 parts per million. The distribution of waters of different chloride content indicates that the water of the main part of the area of artesian flow is derived chiefly from supplies that contain only small amounts of chloride namely, seepage from the streams that head in the Wasatch Mountains and rain and snow that fall upon the Provo and Bonneville benches and penetrate downward through the permeable materials that underlie these benches
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp1029","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Salt Lake City","usgsCitation":"Taylor, G., and Leggette, R., 1949, Ground water in the Jordan Valley, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 1029, report: vi, 357 p.; 10 Plates: 13.00 X 17.50 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1029.","productDescription":"report: vi, 357 p.; 10 Plates: 13.00 X 17.50 inches or smaller","numberOfPages":"370","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":29287,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1029/plate-05.pdf","text":"Plate 5","size":"637 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Map of Jordan Valley showing average altitude of the ground-water surface during November 1931 and location of observation wells"},{"id":29284,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1029/plate-01.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"801 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Index map of Utah showing areas covered by ground-water investigations"},{"id":29285,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1029/plate-02.pdf","text":"Plate 2","size":"827 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Map of Jordan Valley, Salt Lake County, Utah, showing the position of the Bonneville and Provo benches, area of artesian flow, 1931-33, and and location of wells drilled by Salt Lake City Corporation during 1934"},{"id":29286,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1029/plate-04.pdf","text":"Plate 4","size":"999 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Map of Jordan Valley showing chloride content of the ground water"},{"id":138612,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1029/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":247249,"rank":410,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1029/plate-11.pdf","text":"Plate 11","size":"530 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Hydrograph of well (D-2-1) 16 bbd 9, September 5-14, 1933"},{"id":247250,"rank":411,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1029/plate-12.pdf","text":"Plate 12","size":"385 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Hydrograph of well (D-2-1) 16 baa 8, September 3-15, 1933"},{"id":247251,"rank":412,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1029/plate-13.pdf","text":"Plate 13","size":"405 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Hydrographs of well (D-2-1) 8 ada 3, September 3-16, well (D-2-1) ccd 1, September 11-13, and well (D-2-1) 16 bab 10, October 2-7 1933"},{"id":29288,"rank":407,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1029/plate-08.pdf","text":"Plate 8","size":"1.24 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Map showing location of wells operated and observed during the interference tests"},{"id":29289,"rank":408,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1029/plate-09.pdf","text":"Plate 9","size":"731 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Hydrographs of observation wells, with barometric pressure and record of time of pumping from artesian wells by Salt Lake City during Interference Test 1"},{"id":29290,"rank":409,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1029/plate-10.pdf","text":"Plate 10","size":"548 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"linkHelpText":"Hydrographs of observation wells, with barometric pressure and record of time of pumping from artesian wells by Salt Lake City during Interference Test 2"},{"id":29291,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/1029/report.pdf","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Salt Lake County","otherGeospatial":"Jordan Valley","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b28e4b07f02db6b1360","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, G.H.","contributorId":85158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leggette, R.M.","contributorId":87525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leggette","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145805,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70220005,"text":"70220005 - 1949 - The relation between earth movements and volcanism in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-16T17:46:49.962126","indexId":"70220005","displayToPublicDate":"1949-12-31T12:42:20","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The relation between earth movements and volcanism in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado","docAbstract":"The late Tertiary volcanism in the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado followed a long interval during which the crust was stable. The volcanic rocks have been divided into four main groups, (1) those of pre‐Potosi (?) age in the eastern area, (2) the Lake Fork quartz latite, San Juan tuff, and Silverton volcanic series, (3) the Potosi volcanic series and the Fischer quartz latite, and (4) the Hinsdale formation separated by long intervals without eruptions. Each of the groups is made up of rocks from basalt to rhyolite with chemical and other peculiarities. During the eruption of a group there was little deformation but there was subsidence after the eruption of two of the groups and doming after the eruption of the last group.
The magma moved into the area from the sides and was erupted about as rapidly as it moved.in. For the group named the Potosi volcanic series, the first eruptions had a composition near that of the primary magma ‐ dark quartz latites. Their eruption was followed by a short time without eruptions during which the magma became layered by crystal settling. The next eruptions were rhyolites followed abruptly, probably because of active movement of magna by dark quartz latites. The process was repeated three times.
Subsidence caused by withdrawal of magma followed, and after a long time a new and different magma moved into the area and yielded the rocks of the Hinsdale formation. After the Hinsdale, a magma intruded the area with subsequent doming, but without eruptions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","usgsCitation":"Larsen, E.S., 1949, The relation between earth movements and volcanism in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 30, no. 6, p. 862-866.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"862","endPage":"866","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":385169,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -108.45703125,\n 37.12966595484084\n ],\n [\n -106.6058349609375,\n 37.12966595484084\n ],\n [\n -106.6058349609375,\n 38.449286817153556\n ],\n [\n -108.45703125,\n 38.449286817153556\n ],\n [\n -108.45703125,\n 37.12966595484084\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Larsen, Esper S. Jr.","contributorId":39029,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"Esper","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":814426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70210460,"text":"70210460 - 1949 - Suggested correlation in Simpson seeps region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-31T20:17:43.385343","indexId":"70210460","displayToPublicDate":"1949-11-01T14:58:23","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5963,"text":"Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"13","subseriesTitle":"Special Report","title":"Suggested correlation in Simpson seeps region","docAbstract":"During the 1949 drilling season eight core tests were completed in the Simpson Seeps area up to October 25th„ This program, which is still in progress, was undertaken to provide an explanation for the surface seeps near Caps Simpson. The shallowest of the eight holes reached 800 feet; the deepest was drilled to a depth of 1460 feet.
Geophysical data on the shallow horizons indicate that the Simpson Seeps Core Tests shown on the section have been drilled in an area of nearly north-south strike. The five core tests that most nearly approximate a section normal to the strike were chosen for the accompanying cross Section. An east-west strike, accompanied by strong anomalous dips of fifteen to twenty degrees to the north is indicated by geophysical data about five miles north of the cross section.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70210460","usgsCitation":"Robinson, F.M., and Thomas, R., 1949, Suggested correlation in Simpson seeps region: Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska 13, Report: 3 p.; 1 Figure: 42.45 x 18.07 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/70210460.","productDescription":"Report: 3 p.; 1 Figure: 42.45 x 18.07 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":396721,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210460/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":375330,"rank":1,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74627.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":401260,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210460/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":401261,"rank":4,"type":{"id":29,"text":"Figure"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210460/figure-1.pdf","text":"Figure 1"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Simpson seeps region","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -154.7333,\n 70.98\n ],\n [\n -154.5939,\n 70.98\n ],\n [\n -154.5939,\n 71.0008\n ],\n [\n -154.7333,\n 71.0008\n ],\n [\n -154.7333,\n 70.98\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, F. M.","contributorId":84830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, Robert","contributorId":177535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thomas","given":"Robert","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70215520,"text":"70215520 - 1949 - Lower middle ordovician of south-central Pennsylvania ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-21T20:25:57.676062","indexId":"70215520","displayToPublicDate":"1949-10-21T15:20:30","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lower middle ordovician of south-central Pennsylvania ","docAbstract":"Broad paleostructural development in south-central Pennsylvania and Maryland was similar to that of central and eastern New York during the deposition of lower Middle Ordovician beds. Thick marine limestones of the easternmost belts of outcrop in the Cumberland Valley indicate the southward extension of the Champlain miogeosyncline. Thin and, in part, coarse-textured limestones in belts of outcrop just west of the Cumberland Valley indicate the extension of the Adirondack arch. Intermediate correlation shows the development of a relatively shallow platform east of the Adirondack arch and marginal to the Champlain miogeosyncline during part of the Bolarian (Kay, 1947) and Trentonian epochs.
Detailed description, definition and correlation of the stratigraphic units are presented. The Pinesburg and Fannettsburg members (new) of the Shippensburg formation (redefined), the Housum and Kauffman members (new) of the Mercersburg formation (redefined), the Oranda formation (Cooper and Cooper, 1946) and the lower Martinsburg exhibit westward thinning by overlap or convergence or both from Champlain miogeosynclinal sections in eastern belts to sections on the Adirondack line in Path Valley. The Doylesburg member (new) of the Shippensburg is believed truncated to extinction southeastward from Path Valley by pre-Mercersburg regional unconformity. Argillaceous material in southeasternmost exposures of Oranda begins the Middle Ordovician transgressive clastic deposits resulting from the Vermontian disturbance.
Correlations indicate Shippensburg is post-middle Chazyan to pre-Chaumont in age, Mercersburg is Rockland and Kirkfield, Oranda is Shoreham, and lower Martinsburg is Denmark.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1949)60[707:LMOOSP]2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Craig, L., 1949, Lower middle ordovician of south-central Pennsylvania : GSA Bulletin, v. 60, no. 4, p. 707-779, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1949)60[707:LMOOSP]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"73 p.","startPage":"707","endPage":"779","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379611,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"South Central Pennsylvania","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.9202880859375,\n 39.52946653645165\n ],\n [\n -77.58544921874999,\n 39.52946653645165\n ],\n [\n -77.58544921874999,\n 40.421860362045194\n ],\n [\n -78.9202880859375,\n 40.421860362045194\n ],\n [\n -78.9202880859375,\n 39.52946653645165\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"60","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Craig, Lawrence C.","contributorId":67085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craig","given":"Lawrence C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70215516,"text":"70215516 - 1949 - Cleavage in east‐central Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-21T20:02:10.137895","indexId":"70215516","displayToPublicDate":"1949-10-21T14:48:52","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cleavage in east‐central Vermont","docAbstract":"Two types of cleavage, schistosity (flow cleavage) and slip cleavage, are common in the metamorphosed sediments of east‐central Vermont. Two generations of cleavage are also recognized. Cleavage of the earlier stage of deformation is schistosity, and is generally parallel to bedding. Just west of the Monroe Fault, along the eastern border of the area, only this earlier schistosity is present; farther west, a slip cleavage cuts the earlier schistosity. This slip cleavage is more and more intensely developed toward the west, and about three or four miles west of the Monroe Fault it grades without deflection into a true schistosity. This later schistosity apparently has obliterated the earlier schistosity that is presumed to have been present here. Both the later schistosity and its more easterly equivalent, the slip cleavage, are parallel to the axial planes of numerous minor folds in the rocks. The passage without deflection of slip cleavage into schistosity is taken as evidence that slip cleavage and schistosity are here mechanically equivalent. Schistosity forms in the higher metamorphic environment (staurolite zone of metamorphism in this area).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR030i004p00587","usgsCitation":"White, W., 1949, Cleavage in east‐central Vermont: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 30, no. 4, p. 587-594, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR030i004p00587.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"587","endPage":"594","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379608,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Vermont","otherGeospatial":"East-Central Vermont","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.18772888183594,\n 43.87859281734802\n ],\n [\n -71.98585510253906,\n 43.87859281734802\n ],\n [\n -71.98585510253906,\n 44.19451297521985\n ],\n [\n -72.18772888183594,\n 44.19451297521985\n ],\n [\n -72.18772888183594,\n 43.87859281734802\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"White, Walter S.","contributorId":34492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Walter S.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":802574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70215513,"text":"70215513 - 1949 - Artificial recharge of ground water by the city of Bountiful, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-21T19:40:19.429532","indexId":"70215513","displayToPublicDate":"1949-10-21T14:31:00","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Artificial recharge of ground water by the city of Bountiful, Utah","docAbstract":"The City of Bountiful, Utah, is situated just beyond the eastern edge of an area where alluvial gravel and sand of Pleistocene and probably Tertiary age yield water by artesian flow. Attempts to recharge these aquifers by diversion of surplus stream water into a spreading canal east of the city have been unsuccessful, because of the relative impermeability of the torrential debris which has accumulated along the western base of the Wasatch Range. Instead, the water spread from the canal has increased the yield of permeable shore deposits of the Pleistocene Lake Bonneville which crop out east of the city.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/TR030i004p00539","usgsCitation":"American Geophysical Union, 1949, Artificial recharge of ground water by the city of Bountiful, Utah: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 30, no. 4, p. 539-542, https://doi.org/10.1029/TR030i004p00539.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"539","endPage":"542","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Bountiful","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.97540283203125,\n 40.82835864973048\n ],\n [\n -111.76391601562499,\n 40.82835864973048\n ],\n [\n -111.76391601562499,\n 40.99130135480306\n ],\n [\n -111.97540283203125,\n 40.99130135480306\n ],\n [\n -111.97540283203125,\n 40.82835864973048\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-18","publicationStatus":"PW"} ,{"id":70215461,"text":"70215461 - 1949 - Vestigial zinc in surface residuum associated with primary zinc ore in East Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-20T19:54:20.936575","indexId":"70215461","displayToPublicDate":"1949-10-20T14:44:41","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vestigial zinc in surface residuum associated with primary zinc ore in East Tennessee","docAbstract":"A series of samples of residual clay at the Friends Station zinc deposit, Tenn., was collected and analyzed for zinc. Results indicate that residuum containing 0.05 percent Zn and more is the product of weathering of limestone and dolomite containing zinc mineralization. Chemical analysis of residual clays for zinc shows promise as a method of prospecting for zinc in the limestone valleys of the southern Appalachians.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologist","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.44.4.286","usgsCitation":"Hawkes, H.E., and Lakin, H.W., 1949, Vestigial zinc in surface residuum associated with primary zinc ore in East Tennessee: Economic Geology, v. 44, no. 4, p. 286-295, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.44.4.286.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"286","endPage":"295","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":379559,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.0888671875,\n 36.70365959719456\n ],\n [\n -86.15478515625,\n 34.939985151560435\n ],\n [\n -84.35302734375,\n 35.04798673426734\n ],\n [\n -81.45263671875,\n 36.527294814546245\n ],\n [\n -86.0888671875,\n 36.70365959719456\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"44","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1949-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hawkes, Herbert Edwin","contributorId":36226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hawkes","given":"Herbert","email":"","middleInitial":"Edwin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lakin, Herbert Williams","contributorId":45953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lakin","given":"Herbert","email":"","middleInitial":"Williams","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":802240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70210471,"text":"70210471 - 1949 - Calculated gravity anomaly produced by possible fault under line 27-48","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-27T18:26:06.197629","indexId":"70210471","displayToPublicDate":"1949-02-01T16:32:35","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5963,"text":"Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"seriesNumber":"4","subseriesTitle":"Special Report","title":"Calculated gravity anomaly produced by possible fault under line 27-48","docAbstract":"The seismograph data from Line 27-48 of Party 47 indicates the possibility of a high angle fault win a displacement of roughly 1,000 feet under South Barrow Test Well No. 2. This fault vas discussed in E. Wiancko's report for United Geophysical Company entitled \"Report of Reflection Seismograph Survey in the Barrow Area During 1948\".
Mr. Delta. and Mr. English recently expressed a desire to know the magnitude of the calculated gravity anomaly produced by this probable fault. Their purpose was to determine the feasibility of proving and locating this fault, if exists, by several traverses with the gravimeter.
As interpreted in Wiancko's report, the fault is nearly east-west in strike and is a reverse fault with the up-thrust block on the north side.
The assumptions made for the calculation of the theoretical anomaly were that the density of the basement rock was 2.7, the density of the overlying rocks was 2.2 and the fault itself was taken directly from Plate I, Drawing No. 2044, of Wiancko's report, simplified, and reduced by a factor of 2.
The calculated anomaly is shown in Fig. 1. A polar chart similar to the type described on pages 153-154 of Heiland's \"Geophysical Exploration\" was used in computing the value of the anomaly. It was assumed that the feature is two-dimensional. Broken lines indicate values of limited accuracy. It should be mentioned here that Mr. Roland Henderson and Mr. Isidore Zietz of the Section of Geophysics of the Geological Survey carried out the calculations and plotted Fig. 1.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/70210471","usgsCitation":"Dana, S.W., 1949, Calculated gravity anomaly produced by possible fault under line 27-48: Geological Investigations, Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4, Alaska 4, 3 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70210471.","productDescription":"3 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":401308,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210471/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":375341,"rank":1,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_74624.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":396732,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70210471/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155,\n 70.1667\n ],\n [\n -150.5,\n 70.1667\n ],\n [\n -150.5,\n 70.8333\n ],\n [\n -155,\n 70.8333\n ],\n [\n -155,\n 70.1667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dana, Stephen W.","contributorId":287899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dana","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":837180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1000403,"text":"1000403 - 1949 - Age and growth of the lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis (Mitchill), in Lake Erie","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-04T11:19:57","indexId":"1000403","displayToPublicDate":"1949-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1949","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and growth of the lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis (Mitchill), in Lake Erie","docAbstract":"Although the whitefish has by no means ranked first from the standpoint of production, it has always been an important commercial species in Lake Erie. Trends in the output of whitefish have differed in the United States and Canadian waters of the lake. The 1893–1946 average annual yield of 1,201,000 pounds in the United States was only 38.3 percent of the 1879–1890 mean of 3,133,000 pounds, whereas in Canada the more recent (1907–1946) average annual take of 1,397,000 pounds has been 5.48 times the 1871–1906 mean of 255,000 pounds. The United States fishery was centered in the western part of Lake Erie (61.5 percent of the production in Michigan and Ohio) before 1921 and in the eastern part (62.6 percent in Pennsylvania and New York) in 1921–1946. The eastern part of Lake Erie (east of Port Burwell) dominated the Canadian production in 1900–1909 (65.4 percent) and in 1922–1946 (57.2 percent) but the western end was the more productive in 1871–1899 (79.8 percent) and 1910–1921 (69.7 percent). Ages were determined and individual growth histories calculated from the examination and measurement of the scales of 3,399 Lake Erie whitefish captured off four ports (Sandusky, Lorain, and Conneaut, Ohio, and Erie, Pennsylvania) over the period, 1927–1930. The number of specimens used for the investigation of other phases of the life history varied according to the amount of data available or required. Age-group III was typically (but not invariably) dominant in random samples from gear employed for the commercial production of whitefish (trap nets, pound nets, and large-mesh gill nets). The same age group also dominated most samples of the marketable catch (that is, whitefish that equalled or exceeded the minimum legal weight of 1 3/4 pounds) taken in late summer, autumn, and early winter. Age-group IV, however, was strongest among marketable fish from trap nets in early July although the III group was dominant in the random samples from the same nets. Apparently the members of a year class normally dominate the commercial catch about one year but this year extends over parts of two years of life (latter part of the fourth and early part of the fifth). The oldest whitefish in the collections were in the seventeenth year (age-group XVI). The year classes of 1922 and 1926 were much stronger than average whereas the 1923 year class seems to have been exceptionally weak. No correlation was detected between limnological-meteorological conditions and the strength of the year classes. Whitefish collected off different ports exhibited differences of growth rate that were at times rather large. The distorting effects of such factors as selection on the basis of maturity, annual fluctuations in growth rate (in combination with differences in the year of capture), and gear selection were held to be sufficiently great, however, to render doubtful the real biological significance of the observed variations in growth. Consequently the data for all samples were combined to obtain general growth curves. Female whitefish averaged longer and heavier than male fish of corresponding age. The advantage of the females with respect to calculated lengths tended to increase during the first three years of life and thereafter remained nearly constant at about one-half inch total length (10 millimeters of standard length). The advantages of the females with respect to weight increased consistently from 0.01 pound at the end of the first year to 0.36 pound at the end of the eighth, dropped to 0.32 pound in the ninth year, and increased again to a maximum of 0.47 pound at the end of 12 years. The maximum growth in length (sexes combined) occurred in the first year of life (calculated growth of 6.9 inches, total length). From this value the calculated annual increments declined rapidly to 0.7 inch in the seventh year. The later increments varied irregularly, ranging from 0.7 inch in the eighth and ninth years down to only 0.3 inch in the fifteenth and sixteenth years. The Lake Erie whitefish was a foot long in a little less than 2 years, 18 inches in about 4 years, and 2 feet in slightly under 12 years. At the end of 16 years the calculated length was 25.6 inches. The calculated annual increments of growth in weight increased from 0.10 pound in the first year to a maximum of 0.76 pound in the third. In the succeeding years the increment decreased consistently to 0.33 pound in the twelfth year. The values in the thirteenth to sixteenth years varied irregularly, ranging from 0.22 to 0.34 pound. The minimum legal weight of 1 3/4 pounds was attained toward the middle of the fourth growing season. The Lake Erie whitefish reached the weight of 4 pounds in between 7 and 8 years, and of 6 pounds in about 13 years. At the end of 16 years the calculated weight was 6.87 pounds. Analyses of the annual increments of length revealed that the growth of whitefish captured from the spawning run off Sandusky and Lorain rose from 3.2 percent above the 1924–1930 mean in 1924 to a peak of 15.0 percent above average in 1927 and then declined to a minimum of 25.0 percent below average in 1930. There is evidence that these annual fluctuations in growth rate were correlated negatively with fluctuations in the turbidity of the water off Erie, Pennsylvania (to our best knowledge the whitefish spends the summer months in the eastern part of the lake), in certain months (especially May and June) and/or correlated positively with the amount of rainfall in July and August at the same locality. Comparisons with data on the growth of the Lake Huron whitefish revealed that Lake Erie fish were the longer during the first 5 years of life and the shorter at the end of the sixth and later years. The Lake Huron whitefish did not, however, gain the advantage in weight until the seventh year. Whitefish grew much more slowly in both length and weight in Lake Ontario than in either Lake Huron or Lake Erie. The weight of the Lake Erie whitefish increased to the 3.1523 power of the length. Agreement between empirical weights and those computed from the length-weight equation was reasonably good at lengths represented by fair numbers of fish. The total length corresponding to the minimum legal weight of 1 3/4 pounds was calculated as 16.9 inches. The rather limited data on the monthly fluctuations in condition indicated that the coefficient K of immature fish declined continuously from August to December. A similar though less pronounced decline of K of mature fish occurred from August to October. At spawning in November and December, female whitefish lost an additional 11 percent of their body weight. No loss of weight at spawning could be demonstrated for the males. The available records indicated the relative abundance of the sexes to be approximately equal in samples collected in the summer and early autumn. Males were strongly predominant (78.6 percent), however, in spawning-run samples. In these collections the percentage of males decreased markedly with increase in age. No trend could be detected in the variation of the sex ratio within the spawning season over the period of time (nearly 4 weeks) for which there were records. Although exceptional individuals of either sex may mature at the end of 2 years of life (age-group I) male whitefish do not mature in appreciable numbers until the end of the third year (age-group II) or females until the end of the fourth (age-group III). Apparently most or all males are mature as age-group III, but there is evidence that considerable numbers of females (possibly a majority) are first mature as members of the IV group (end of fifth year of life). Whether Lake Erie whitefish are ever immature as the V group or older is not known. Spawning commenced during the second week of November and was continuing actively at the time of collection of the last samples at the end of the first week of December","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","publisherLocation":"London, UK","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1947)77[178:AAGOTL]2.0.CO;2","collaboration":"Out-of-print","usgsCitation":"Van Oosten, J., and Hile, R., 1949, Age and growth of the lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis (Mitchill), in Lake Erie: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 77, no. 1, p. 178-249, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1947)77[178:AAGOTL]2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"72","startPage":"178","endPage":"249","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":266920,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1947)77[178:AAGOTL]2.0.CO;2"},{"id":130398,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db68974e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Oosten, John","contributorId":23479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Oosten","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hile, Ralph","contributorId":48510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hile","given":"Ralph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":308516,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70178710,"text":"70178710 - 1948 - Ground water in the East Shore area, Utah. Part I. Bountiful District, Davis County","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T16:41:01","indexId":"70178710","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"5","title":"Ground water in the East Shore area, Utah. Part I. Bountiful District, Davis County","docAbstract":"The Bountiful district in Davis County, Utah, less than 10 miles from the heart of Salt Lake City, is rapidly becoming an integral part of the metropolitan area of Salt Lake City. It cannot achieve the development that its location merits unless the present water supplies are increased. The district is a fertile agricultural area favorably situated between the largest cities in the intermountain area and athwart the major routes of transportation and communication, but development of its residential, industrial, and agricultural potentialities will be restricted until existing water resources are supplemented by importation from other drainage basins that now have surplus water supplies. This conclusion is reached in the accompanying report by the Geological Survey, prepared in cooperation with the Utah State Engineer and the Davis County Water Users Association, and based on a 2-year investigation of the existing water supplies
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Twenty-sixth biennial report of the State Engineer to the Governor of Utah: 1946-1948","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","usgsCitation":"Thomas, H.E., and Nelson, W., 1948, Ground water in the East Shore area, Utah. Part I. Bountiful District, Davis County: Technical Publication 5, 154 p.","productDescription":"154 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"206","numberOfPages":"156","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331488,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":333874,"rank":4,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=50-1-370","text":"Utah State Engineer's 26th Biennial Report (larger work)"},{"id":331486,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-4-130"},{"id":331487,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docSys/v920/w920/w9200084.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Davis","otherGeospatial":"Bountiful District","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.88201904296875,\n 40.98611828780413\n ],\n [\n -112.06878662109374,\n 40.950862628132775\n ],\n [\n -112.17315673828125,\n 40.84290487729676\n ],\n [\n -112.1209716796875,\n 40.73268976628568\n ],\n [\n -111.92047119140624,\n 40.670222795307346\n ],\n [\n -111.7529296875,\n 40.73893324113601\n ],\n [\n -111.741943359375,\n 40.8865244080599\n ],\n [\n -111.88201904296875,\n 40.98611828780413\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58468aefe4b04fc80e5236dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thomas, H. E.","contributorId":12829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, W.B.","contributorId":30282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nelson","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":654895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":57085,"text":"ofr4880 - 1948 - Ground water in the Blanchard area, McClain County, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-15T05:45:05","indexId":"ofr4880","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T07:00:00","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"48-80","title":"Ground water in the Blanchard area, McClain County, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"A letter from Lloyd L. Bowser, City Clerk, dated January 8, 1948, in behalf of the town council and Mayor Walter Casey, indicates that a serious shortage of water is faced by the town of Blanchard, McClain County, Oklahoma. The town is near the eastern boundary of Grady County, where an investigation of the ground-water resources is being made by the Oklahoma Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey as part of a State-wide investigation. Information obtained thus far may aid the town by showing where additional ground water for municipal supply may be sought.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr4880","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Oklahoma Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"Davis, L.V., and Schoff, S., 1948, Ground water in the Blanchard area, McClain County, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 48-80, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4880.","productDescription":"15 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287152,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1948/0080/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":287151,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1948/0080/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","county":"Grady County","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -98.096,34.6811 ], [ -98.096,35.3784 ], [ -97.668,35.3784 ], [ -97.668,34.6811 ], [ -98.096,34.6811 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66d9dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Leon Virgil","contributorId":39046,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Leon","email":"","middleInitial":"Virgil","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoff, Stuart L.","contributorId":104467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoff","given":"Stuart L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":57081,"text":"ofr4883 - 1948 - Ground water available in the Davenport area, Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-25T07:11:17","indexId":"ofr4883","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"48-83","title":"Ground water available in the Davenport area, Oklahoma","docAbstract":"This memorandum describes the ground-water resources in the vicinity of Davenport, Lincoln County, Oklahoma. It is based on a one-day trip to Davenport made by the writer on February 11, 1948, to obtain information in addition to that in the ground-water files in Norman on the availability of ground water for public supply or other uses in the Davenport area.
\nDavenport is a town of about 1,000 in east-central Lincoln County, Oklahoma, on U.S. Highway 66, about half way between Oklahoma City and Tulsa. It is in an area of undulating to gently rolling topography underlain by rocks of Pennsylvanian age. The area is drained into Deep Fork of the Canadian River, by Dry Creek and its tributary, Chuckaho Creek.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr4883","usgsCitation":"Schoff, S., 1948, Ground water available in the Davenport area, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 48-83, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr4883.","productDescription":"6 p.","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":286560,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":286559,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1948/0083/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","city":"Davenport","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -96.777025,35.69883 ], [ -96.777025,35.720612 ], [ -96.753745,35.720612 ], [ -96.753745,35.69883 ], [ -96.777025,35.69883 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66dc37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schoff, Stuart L.","contributorId":104467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoff","given":"Stuart L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":256233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":69033,"text":"om70 - 1948 - Geologic map of eastern and southern Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-31T11:16:28","indexId":"om70","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":329,"text":"Oil and Gas Investigation Map","code":"OM","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"70","title":"Geologic map of eastern and southern Utah","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/om70","usgsCitation":"Andrews, D.A., and Hunt, C.B., 1948, Geologic map of eastern and southern Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Oil and Gas Investigation Map 70, HTML, https://doi.org/10.3133/om70.","productDescription":"HTML","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":191428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":105053,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_5431.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"5431"}],"scale":"500000","country":"United 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a299d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Andrews, D. 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(compiler)","contributorId":57938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"D.","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":279422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hunt, Charles Butler cdhunt@usgs.gov","contributorId":22338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Charles","email":"cdhunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Butler","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":279421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":51798,"text":"ofr54333 - 1948 - Preliminary geologic report of Sadlerochit River area, 1948","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-16T17:52:13.652278","indexId":"ofr54333","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1948","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"54-333","title":"Preliminary geologic report of Sadlerochit River area, 1948","docAbstract":"\"The Sadlerochit River area\" is the name that has been applied for purposes of convenience to that portion of the eastern part of the northern Alaska shown in Figure 1. The map covers an area of about 1400 square miles. The center of this map is a point approximately 55 miles southwest of Barter Island, 90 miles west of the International Boundary, and 180 miles east of Umiat.