{"pageNumber":"428","pageRowStart":"10675","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16506,"records":[{"id":26178,"text":"wri954119 - 1995 - Ground-water conditions and effects of mine dewatering in Desert Valley, Humboldt and Pershing Counties, northwestern Nevada, 1962-91","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:29","indexId":"wri954119","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4119","title":"Ground-water conditions and effects of mine dewatering in Desert Valley, Humboldt and Pershing Counties, northwestern Nevada, 1962-91","docAbstract":"Desert Valley is a 1,200-square-mile, north- trending, structural basin, about 30 miles northwest of Winnemucca, Nevada. Unconsolidated basin-fill deposits exceeding 7,000 feet in thickness constitute the primary ground-water reservoir. Dewatering operations at an open-pit mine began in the Spring of 1985 in the northeast part of Desert Valley. Ground-water withdrawal for mine dewatering in 1991 was greater than three times the estimated average annual recharge from precipitation. The mine discharge water has been allowed to flow to areas west of the mine where it has created an artificial wetlands. This report documents the 1991 hydrologic conditions in Desert Valley and the change in conditions since predevelopment (pre-1962). It also summarizes the results of analyzing the simulated effects of open-pit mine dewatering on a basin-wide scale over time. Water-level declines associated with the dewatering have propagated north and south of the mine, but have been attenuated to the west due to the infiltration beneath the artificial wetlands. Maximum water-level declines beneath the open pits at the mine, as of Spring 1991, are about 300 feet. Changes in the hydrologic conditions since predevelopment are observed predominantly near the dewatering operations and the associated discharge lakes. General ground-water chemistry is essentially unchanged since pre- development. On the basis of a ground-water flow model used to simulate mine dewatering, a new equilibrium may slowly be approached only after 100 years of recovery from the time mine dewatering ceases.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. Geological Survey, Information Services [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri954119","usgsCitation":"Berger, D., 1995, Ground-water conditions and effects of mine dewatering in Desert Valley, Humboldt and Pershing Counties, northwestern Nevada, 1962-91: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4119, vi, 94 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954119.","productDescription":"vi, 94 p. :ill., maps (some col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":121861,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4119/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54979,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4119/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54980,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4119/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66d312","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berger, D.L.","contributorId":106904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":31683,"text":"ofr95299 - 1995 - Near field receiving water monitoring of trace metals in clams (Macoma balthica) and sediments near the Palo Alto and San Jose/Sunnyvale water quality control plants in South San Francisco Bay; June 1993 through October 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-12T14:03:36.529767","indexId":"ofr95299","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-299","title":"Near field receiving water monitoring of trace metals in clams (Macoma balthica) and sediments near the Palo Alto and San Jose/Sunnyvale water quality control plants in South San Francisco Bay; June 1993 through October 1994","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95299","usgsCitation":"Luoma, S., Cain, D., Brown, C.L., Hornberger, M.I., and Bouse-Schaenemann, R.M., 1995, Near field receiving water monitoring of trace metals in clams (Macoma balthica) and sediments near the Palo Alto and San Jose/Sunnyvale water quality control plants in South San Francisco Bay; June 1993 through October 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-299, 83 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95299.","productDescription":"83 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159999,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0299/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59916,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0299/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California ","otherGeospatial":"South San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.464599609375,\n              37.39634613318923\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.86035156249999,\n              37.39634613318923\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.86035156249999,\n              37.75334401310656\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.464599609375,\n              37.75334401310656\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.464599609375,\n              37.39634613318923\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db697f8e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cain, D.J.","contributorId":68329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brown, C. L.","contributorId":35678,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hornberger, Michelle I. 0000-0002-7787-3446","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-3446","contributorId":23574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hornberger","given":"Michelle","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bouse-Schaenemann, R. M.","contributorId":24392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bouse-Schaenemann","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":206698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":26889,"text":"wri954023 - 1995 - Regional rainfall-runoff relations for simulation of streamflow for watersheds in Lake County, Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-21T12:19:17.464536","indexId":"wri954023","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-4023","displayTitle":"Regional Rainfall-Runoff Relations for Simulation of Streamflow for Watersheds in Lake County, Illinois","title":"Regional rainfall-runoff relations for simulation of streamflow for watersheds in Lake County, Illinois","docAbstract":"<p>Rainfall and streamflow data collected in Lake County, Ill., from March 1990 through September 1993 were used to (1) calibrate a rainfall-runoff model for an area encompassing three watersheds (individual areas of 17.2, 35.7, and 37.0 mi<sup>2</sup>&nbsp;(square miles) and (2) verify the regional model parameter set obtained from the calibration by applying the parameter set to rainfall-runoff models for an additional small (6.3 mi<sup>2</sup>) watershed and a large (59.6 mi<sup>2</sup>) watershed. In addition, rainfall and streamflow data collected from April 1991 through September 1993 were used to calibrate the rainfall-runoff model for three single land-use watersheds (38.2-305 acres), called hydrologic response units (HRU's). Significant differences were found between the best parameters used in the HRU models and in the larger watershed models. The main channels in the HRU's are intermittent streams; thus, the parameters in the HRU models were selected such that a fluctuating water table could be simulated; runoff from the larger watersheds is not as sensitive to the effects of a fluctuating water table. Classification of land cover into two pervious subareas (forest and grass) and one impervious subarea (including parking lots, streets, and rooftops, among others) was sufficient to simulate the rainfall-runoff relations for all watersheds accurately. The model parameters presented in this report, which were refined through regional calibration and verified for watersheds not considered in the calibration, allow simulation of runoff in watersheds in Lake County, Ill., with approximately 93-percent accuracy in the total water balance, an average absolute error in the annual- flow estimates of 10.9 percent (and an error rarely exceeding 25 percent for annual flow), and monthly water balances with correlation coefficients of 93 percent and coefficients of model-fit efficiency of 86 percent. The models closely reproduced the partial-duration series of runoff and storm-runoff frequencies for the modeled watersheds.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri954023","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Lake County Stormwater Management Commission","usgsCitation":"Duncker, J., Vail, T., and Melching, C., 1995, Regional rainfall-runoff relations for simulation of streamflow for watersheds in Lake County, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4023, v, 71 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri954023.","productDescription":"v, 71 p.","costCenters":[{"id":344,"text":"Illinois Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157448,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4023/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":361745,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1995/4023/wrir95_4023.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.75 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"WRI 95–4023"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","county":"Lake County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -88.17970275878906,\n              42.12980284036179\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.76634216308594,\n              42.12980284036179\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.76634216308594,\n              42.49235259142821\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.17970275878906,\n              42.49235259142821\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.17970275878906,\n              42.12980284036179\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director,&nbsp;<a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/cm-water\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/cm-water\">Central Midwest Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>405 North Goodwin<br>Urbana, IL 61801</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Description of Study Area</li><li>Methods of Study</li><li>Simulation of Streamflow</li><li>Rainrall-Runoff Relations</li><li>Summary and Conclusions</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix A—Example User Control Input (UCI) File For Simulating Watersheds <br>With The Hydrological Simulation Program–Fortran (HSPF)</li><li>Appendix B—Example User Control Input (UCI) File For Simulating Hydrologic <br>Response Units (HRU’s)&nbsp;With The Hydrological Simulation Program–Fortran (HSPF)</li></ul>","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60fa33","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Duncker, James J.","contributorId":62620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duncker","given":"James J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vail, Tracy J.","contributorId":103703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vail","given":"Tracy J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197193,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Melching, Charles S.","contributorId":23973,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Melching","given":"Charles S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":26389,"text":"wri944244 - 1995 - Hydrogeologic and agricultural-chemical data for the South Skunk River alluvial aquifer at a site in Story County, Iowa, 1992-93","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-28T12:57:35","indexId":"wri944244","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4244","title":"Hydrogeologic and agricultural-chemical data for the South Skunk River alluvial aquifer at a site in Story County, Iowa, 1992-93","docAbstract":"<p>A reconnaissance study was conducted during 1992-93 to collect background hydrogeologic and agricultural-chemical data for the South Skunk River alluvial aquifer near Ames, Iowa. Observation wells were drilled to characterize the surficial geologic materials of a field-scale study site and to provide locations for collecting waterlevel and agricultural-chemical data. Walnut Creek, a tributary to the South Skunk River, forms a lateral boundary on the northern edge of the field site. Water-level measurements showed a hydraulic-head gradient towards the South Skunk River under both wet and dry conditions at the study site. Walnut Creek appears to be losing water to the aquifer during most hydrologic conditions. More than 20 milligrams per liter of nitrate as nitrogen were present consistently in water from the southeastern part of the study site. Nitrate-as-nitrogen concentrations in water samples from other locations routinely did not exceed 10 milligrams per liter. The herbicide atrazine was detected most often, 36 of 38 times, in water samples collected from observation wells adjacent to Walnut Creek. Atrazine was not used on the study site during 1992-93 but was found frequently in water samples from Walnut Creek. Therefore, Walnut Creek appears to be a source of herbicide contamination to the alluvial aquifer.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City, IA","doi":"10.3133/wri944244","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","usgsCitation":"Buchmiller, R.C., 1995, Hydrogeologic and agricultural-chemical data for the South Skunk River alluvial aquifer at a site in Story County, Iowa, 1992-93: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4244, iv, 29 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944244.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":55183,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4244/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118710,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4244/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","county":"Story County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -93.5526180267334,\n              41.939573518226936\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.55278968811035,\n              41.93574269317161\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.55819702148438,\n              41.93580654214154\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.56240272521973,\n              41.93574269317161\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.56549263000487,\n              41.93593423988966\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.56549263000487,\n              41.93874352565964\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.56489181518555,\n              41.93938198243946\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.56326103210449,\n              41.939509673028375\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.56042861938477,\n              41.939509673028375\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.55596542358397,\n              41.939637363361584\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.5526180267334,\n              41.939573518226936\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db628d5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buchmiller, Robert C.","contributorId":72372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchmiller","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":30257,"text":"wri944218 - 1995 - Water-quality assessment of the Trinity River Basin, Texas - Review and analysis of available pesticide information, 1968-91","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T14:38:37","indexId":"wri944218","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4218","title":"Water-quality assessment of the Trinity River Basin, Texas - Review and analysis of available pesticide information, 1968-91","docAbstract":"<p>In 1991 the Trinity River Basin study unit was among the first 20 study units in which work began under full-scale program implementation of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program. A retrospective assessment was undertaken to review and analyze existing pesticide data and related environmental factors. Population and land-use data indicate human modifications to the landscape and hydrologic system of the study area during the period 1968&ndash;91. A variety of crops treated with pesticides were identified, with wheat and cotton accounting for the largest number of acres treated annually (541,250 and 519,870 acres, respectively). Agricultural-use estimates for the later period covered by this report (1988&ndash;90) indicate that 105 different pesticides were used and that 24 pesticides accounted for 75 percent of average agricultural use in the study area. Sorghum was treated by the largest number of the 24 mostused pesticides, and cotton was treated by the second largest number of those pesticides. Dimethoate and methyl parathion were the most heavily used of the organophosphate class pesticides. The herbicide 2,4&ndash;D was the most heavily used chlorophenoxy pesticide. Carbamate pesticides are used extensively in the study area, with carbaryl, carbofuran, methomyl, and thiodicarb accounting for the majority of the use of this class of pesticide. Miscellaneous pesticides included alachlor, arsenic acid, picloram, and glyphosate, among others. The data indicate that herbicide use generally is proportionally higher in the study area than in the Nation, and that insecticide use in the study area generally is proportionally lower than in the Nation.</p>\n<p>Eight different agencies collected the waterquality data used in this report. Samples were collected by all agencies at a combined total of 155 surface-water sites and 121 ground-water sites. The sampled media included water, bed sediment, and tissues of fish and other aquatic wildlife.</p>\n<p>Some 273 samples for analysis of the herbicide 2,4&ndash;D were collected as part of the city of Arlington&rsquo;s data-collection program. The herbicide was detected in 74 percent of the samples, but none exceeded the Maximum Contamination Level for drinking water.</p>\n<p>Dallas Water Utilities collected pesticide samples during a storm in February 1977. Samples were collected at 17 sites with detections of some pesticides in over 50 percent of the samples. Diazinon was detected in 56 percent of samples and 2,4&ndash;D was found in 56 percent of samples.</p>\n<p>Texas Parks and Wildlife Department collected samples from fish tissue for analyses of organochlorine pesticides from 15 sites in the Dallas-Fort Worth area. Chlordane concentrations in some of the samples exceeded the Food and Drug Administration&rsquo;s action level of 300 micrograms per kilogram.</p>\n<p>The Texas Water Commission collected ground-water samples in the study area during 1990 for the major types of pesticides and none were detected. No arsenic was detected in samples from 121 wells in or near the study area. Organochlorine and organophosphate samples were collected beginning in 1974 and ending in 1991. Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides in bed sediment decrease with increasing distance downstream from the Dallas-Fort Worth urban area.</p>\n<p>Pesticide samples collected by the U.S. Geological Survey indicated significant rank correlation between number of detects of chlordane and the percent of the contributing watershed classified as urban land use. Dieldrin in bed sediment samples, and lindane, diazinon, and malathion, in water samples, also were significantly correlated with urban land use. Chlordane and dieldrin were significantly correlated with distance downstream from the Dallas-Fort Worth urban area.</p>\n<p>Review of all available data showed that pesticides were detected to a substantial degree in various sample media over the time period covered by this report. The authors were able to locate little pesticide-sample data for ground water or for tributary streams because sampling efforts historically have been concentrated on the mainstem Trinity River.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri944218","usgsCitation":"Ulery, R., and Brown, M., 1995, Water-quality assessment of the Trinity River Basin, Texas - Review and analysis of available pesticide information, 1968-91: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4218, viii, 88 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944218.","productDescription":"viii, 88 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":11560,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://tx.usgs.gov/projects/trin/pubs/pdf/wri-94-4218.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123228,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4218/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":59046,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4218/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Trinity River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -99,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -99,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -94,\n              31\n            ],\n            [\n              -94,\n              34\n            ],\n            [\n              -99,\n              34\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67ae60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ulery, R.L.","contributorId":46507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ulery","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, M.F.","contributorId":71579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":202946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":21393,"text":"ofr95340 - 1995 - Origin of water that discharges from Calf Creek Spring, Garfield County, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T13:35:43","indexId":"ofr95340","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-340","title":"Origin of water that discharges from Calf Creek Spring, Garfield County, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>Calf Creek Spring provides drinking water to users of Calf Creek Campground, which is operated by the Bureau of Land Management in southcentral Utah. Use of all methods and tools available indicates that surface water from Calf Creek does not contribute to the discharge of Calf Creek Spring.</p><p>Microscopic Particulate Analysis of spring water indicates that the spring has a low risk of surface-water contamination, which is substantiated by a bacterial test of water from the point of discharge of Calf Creek Spring, the Calf Creek Spring collection box, a tap from the water distribution system, and Calf Creek near the picnic area. Bacteria colonies were found in Calf Creek near the picnic area.</p><p>Calf Creek Spring discharges from fractured Navajo Sandstone where the potential for contamination by animal or human microbes is slight. Calf Creek probably gains water along its entire length from the aquifer in the Navajo Sandstone. Once at the surface, water in Calf Creek is exposed to animal- and human-borne microbes. If the water level in the Navajo aquifer at the spring remains higher than the water level of the creek, mixing is unlikely to occur and contamination is unlikely. The water level of Calf Creek Spring in June 1994 was at least 4 feet above the water level of Calf Creek.</p><p>Water from Calf Creek Spring is a mixed type composed of magnesium, calcium, sodium, bicarbonate, and sulfate ions, and water from Calf Creek is a mixed type composed of calcium, magnesium, bicarbonate, sulfate, and chloride ions. Compositional similarity is not unusual if both water sources are derived from the Navajo aquifer.</p><p>Discharge and temperature measurements at the spring and in the creek in May and June 1994 vary independently and do not indicate a hydraulic connection. Turbidity measurements, though not conclusive, indicate that no direct hydraulic connection exists between Calf Creek and Calf Creek Spring.</p><p>Hydrologic characteristics of Calf Creek provide evidence that the probable long-term, sustainable source of water is the Navajo aquifer and not precipitation-derived runoff. Ground-water leakage from adjacent drainages could contribute to perennial flow in Calf Creek. Fractures modify the movement of ground water to discharge areas, such as Calf Creek Spring.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","doi":"10.3133/ofr95340","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Wilberg, D.E., 1995, Origin of water that discharges from Calf Creek Spring, Garfield County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-340, iv, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95340.","productDescription":"iv, 10 p.","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":50963,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0340/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":154039,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0340/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Garfield County","otherGeospatial":"Calf Creek Campground, Calf Creek Spring","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.41595840454102,\n              37.79154065815569\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.41115188598633,\n              37.79154065815569\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.41115188598633,\n              37.79893346559687\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.41595840454102,\n              37.79893346559687\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.41595840454102,\n              37.79154065815569\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e76a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilberg, Dale E.","contributorId":101275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilberg","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":184350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":20086,"text":"ofr95136 - 1995 - Water-quality assessment of the Albemarle-Pamlico drainage basin, North Carolina and Virginia environmental setting and water-quality issues","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-20T21:11:02.359254","indexId":"ofr95136","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-136","title":"Water-quality assessment of the Albemarle-Pamlico drainage basin, North Carolina and Virginia environmental setting and water-quality issues","docAbstract":"The Albemarle-Pamlico drainage study unit is one of 60 units of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program, and includes the large river basins which drain into the Albemarle and Pamlico Sounds-the Chowan, Roanoke, Tar-Pamlico, and Neuse River Basins. The study unit includes about 28,000 square miles and has an interrelated set of environmental characteristics which strongly influence water quality. The chemical and physical nature of these characteristics are the dominant controls on baseline water quality in the study area. About 50 percent of the study area is forested, slightly more than 30 percent is agricultural, about 15 percent is wetlands, and less than 5 percent is developed. Three million people live in the study area, and activities related to agriculture and development have caused increased concentrations of constituents such as nutrients, pesticides, and suspended sediment. About two-thirds of the 36 to 52 inches of precipitation in the area reenters the atmosphere by evapotranspiration. About one-third of the remaining precipitation reaches streams by overland runoff; the remainder recharges the water table aquifer, where much of the water eventually discharges to streams as ground water. Thus, ground-water quality has a substantial influence on surface-water quality, particularly during dry weather. In 1990, about 152,900 tons of elemental nitrogen and 10,500 tons of elemental phosphorus either were applied to crops as fertilizer or fixed by biological processes, and in 1987, about 43,500 tons of nitrogen and 12,200 tons of phosphorus were produced as animal wastes. In addition, about 1,300 tons of selected herbicides and 400 tons of selected insecticides were applied to crops in 1990. Some 249 permitted point sources discharged 410 million gallons per day, containing an annual load of 5,800 tons of nitrogen and 1,800 tons of phosphorus, to the study area in 1990. Data from 1970-79 indicate that mean annual suspended-sediment yields for selected forested, agricultural, and developed urban basins in North Carolina are 50, 250, and 550 tons per square mile, respectively. In order to facilitate comparisons, much of the data were compiled by hydrologic unit. Homogeneous areas, or strata, representing the most prevalent combinations of environmental factors, such as land use, soils, and geology, were defined. Future data collection and analyses will be designed to answer objective-related concerns about the relations between important water-quality conditions and these study-unit strata.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95136","usgsCitation":"McMahon, G., and Lloyd, O., 1995, Water-quality assessment of the Albemarle-Pamlico drainage basin, North Carolina and Virginia environmental setting and water-quality issues: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-136, vi, 73 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95136.","productDescription":"vi, 73 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":388266,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19159.htm"},{"id":49637,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0136/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0136/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Albemarle-Pamlico drainage basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.15625,\n              34.831841149828655\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.08056640625,\n              34.831841149828655\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.08056640625,\n              37.23907530202184\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.15625,\n              37.23907530202184\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.15625,\n              34.831841149828655\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e7006","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McMahon, Gerard 0000-0001-7675-777X gmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7675-777X","contributorId":191488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Gerard","email":"gmcmahon@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":182034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lloyd, Orville B.","contributorId":24378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lloyd","given":"Orville B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":19854,"text":"ofr95314 - 1995 - U.S. Geological Survey activities in New Mexico 1995","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:36","indexId":"ofr95314","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-314","title":"U.S. Geological Survey activities in New Mexico 1995","docAbstract":"The report provides an overview of the USGS in New Mexico, \r\nincluding activities of the Water Resources, Geologic, and National Mapping \r\nDivisions. Some USGS projects address hydrologic and geologic hazards, \r\nsuch as flood discharges, landslides, and land subsidence. Recent \r\nenvironmental assessments include participation in the Kirtland Air Force \r\nBase Installation Restoration Program, erosion on the Zuni Reservation, \r\nand ground-water contamination in eastern Bernalillo County. Water \r\navailability studies have focused on ground-water depletion in the \r\nAlbuquerque Basin, recharge in the Roswell Basin, and the water \r\nresources of Taos County. Irrigation drainage in the San Juan River area \r\nand trace metals in a reach of the Rio Grande have been investigated. \r\nThe National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program has two study \r\nunits partly located in New Mexico. Energy and mineral resource assess-\r\nments include gas resources in the San Juan Basin and environmental \r\nimpacts of mining in the Mimbres Resource Area. The USGS is studying the \r\nextent of suitable habitat for Mexican Spotted Owls. Also discussed are \r\ncartographic/thematic products and Geographical Information Systems; \r\nsurface-water, ground-water, and water-quality data-collection net-\r\nworks; and reports published from 1993 to 1995.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95314","usgsCitation":"Livingston, R.K., 1995, U.S. Geological Survey activities in New Mexico 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-314, 21 p. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95314.","productDescription":"21 p. ill., col. maps ; 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152721,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0314/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49333,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0314/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ae4b07f02db61254e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Livingston, Russell K.","contributorId":69582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Livingston","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":4486,"text":"cir1120F - 1995 - Propagation and composition of the flood wave on the upper Mississippi River, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-09T13:40:20","indexId":"cir1120F","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1120","chapter":"F","title":"Propagation and composition of the flood wave on the upper Mississippi River, 1993","docAbstract":"<p>During spring and summer 1993, record flooding inundated much of the upper Mississippi River Basin. The magnitude of the damages-in terms of property, disrupted business, and personal trauma was unmatched by any other flood disaster in United States history. Property damage alone is expected to exceed $10 billion. Damaged highways and submerged roads disrupted overland transportation throughout the flooded region. The Mississippi and the Missouri Rivers were closed to navigation before, during, and after the flooding. Millions of acres of productive farmland remained under water for weeks during the growing season. Rills and gullies in many tilled fields are the result of the severe erosion that occurred throughout the Midwestern United States farmbelt. The hydrologic effects of extended rainfall throughout the upper Midwestern United States were severe and widespread. The banks and channels of many rivers were severely eroded, and sediment was deposited over large areas of the basin's flood plain. Record flows submerged many areas that had not been affected by previous floods. Industrial and agricultural areas were inundated, which caused concern about the transport and fate of industrial chemicals, sewage effluent, and agricultural chemicals in the floodwaters. The extent and duration of the flooding caused numerous levees to fail. One failed levee on the Raccoon River in Des Moines, Iowa, led to flooding of the city's water treatment plant. As a result, the city was without drinking water for 19 days.</p><p>As the Nation's principal water-science agency, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is in a unique position to provide an immediate assessment of some of the hydrological effects of the 1993 flood. The USGS maintains a hydrologic data network and conducts extensive water-resources investigations nationwide. Long-term data from this network and information on local and regional hydrology provide the basis for identifying and documenting the effects of the flooding . During the flood, the USGS provided continuous streamflow and related information to the National Weather Service (NWS), the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), and many State and local agencies as part of its role to provide basic information on the Nation's surface- and ground-water resources at thousands of locations across the United States. The NWS has used the data in forecasting floods and issuing flood warnings. The data have been used by the Corps of Engineers to operate water diversions, dams, locks, and levees. The FEMA and many State and local emergency management agencies have used USGS hydrologic data and NWS forecasts as part of the basis of their local flood-response activities. In addition, USGS hydrologists are conducting a series of investigations to document the effects of the flooding and to improve understanding of the related processes. The major initial findings from these studies will be reported in this Circular series as results become available.</p><p>U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1120, Floods in the Upper Mississippi River Basin, 1993, consists of individually published chapters that will document the effects of the 1993 flooding. The series includes data and findings on the magnitude and frequency of peak discharges; precipitation; water-quality characteristics, including nutrients and man-made contaminants; transport of sediment; assessment of sediment deposited on flood plains; effects of inundation on ground-water quality; flood-discharge volume; effects of reservoir storage on flood peaks; stream-channel scour at selected bridges; extent of floodplain inundation; and documentation of geomorphologic changes.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/cir1120F","usgsCitation":"Moody, J.A., 1995, Propagation and composition of the flood wave on the upper Mississippi River, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1120, vi, 21 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir1120F.","productDescription":"vi, 21 p.","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":531,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/circ1120-f","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":126636,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/cir_1120_F.bmp"},{"id":352374,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1993/circ1120-f/pdf/circ_1120-f.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d8ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moody, John A. 0000-0003-2609-364X jamoody@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-364X","contributorId":771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"John","email":"jamoody@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":149321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":20161,"text":"ofr94474 - 1995 - Hydrologic and sedimentologic data collected during three cruises on the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries from Minneapolis, Minnesota, to New Orleans, Louisiana, July 1991-May 1992","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:38","indexId":"ofr94474","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-474","title":"Hydrologic and sedimentologic data collected during three cruises on the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries from Minneapolis, Minnesota, to New Orleans, Louisiana, July 1991-May 1992","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nEarth ScienceInformation Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94474","usgsCitation":"Moody, J.A., and Meade, R.H., 1995, Hydrologic and sedimentologic data collected during three cruises on the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries from Minneapolis, Minnesota, to New Orleans, Louisiana, July 1991-May 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-474, vi, 159 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94474.","productDescription":"vi, 159 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152172,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0474/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49703,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0474/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611784","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moody, John A. 0000-0003-2609-364X jamoody@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-364X","contributorId":771,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"John","email":"jamoody@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":182171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meade, Robert H. 0000-0002-4965-3040 rhmeade@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4965-3040","contributorId":2744,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meade","given":"Robert","email":"rhmeade@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":182172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":20643,"text":"ofr95338 - 1995 - Hydrologic and water-quality data for the lower Bradley River, Alaska, March 1993 to April 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-27T21:38:30.518871","indexId":"ofr95338","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-338","title":"Hydrologic and water-quality data for the lower Bradley River, Alaska, March 1993 to April 1994","docAbstract":"A dam constructed at the outlet of Bradley Lake near Homer, Alaska has blocked natural flows to the lower Bradley River. To protect salmon egg incubation habitat during the period November 2 to April 30, a fish-water bypass was incorporated into the design of the dam to ensure a minimum discharge of 40 cubic feet per second in the lower river. This minimum flow determination was based on an open-water instream flow study that did not take into account effects of ice formation. A study was begun in March 1993 to determine winter flow conditions in the lower Bradley River. As a part of this study, data were collected at sites in the lower Bradley River to measure discharge, wetted perimeter, cross-sectional area, water depth, flow velocity, and specific conductance, as well as temperature and dissolved oxygen from both surface water and intragravel water. Discharge and specific conduc- tance in the Middle Fork Bradley River below North Fork Bradley River were also measured. This report presents data collected between March 1993 and April 1994.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95338","usgsCitation":"Rickman, R.L., 1995, Hydrologic and water-quality data for the lower Bradley River, Alaska, March 1993 to April 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-338, iv, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95338.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p.","costCenters":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":411085,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_19162.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":152248,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0338/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":50169,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0338/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"lower Bradley River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -151.00006610933335,\n              59.84487029785086\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.00006610933335,\n              59.6471642653043\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.46582873962421,\n              59.6471642653043\n            ],\n            [\n              -150.46582873962421,\n              59.84487029785086\n            ],\n            [\n              -151.00006610933335,\n              59.84487029785086\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db6116e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rickman, Ronald L. rrickman@usgs.gov","contributorId":5284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rickman","given":"Ronald","email":"rrickman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":525,"text":"Pacific Islands Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":182988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":18426,"text":"ofr95313 - 1995 - Hydrologic data through 1993 for the Huron Project of the High Plains Ground-Water Demonstration Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:25","indexId":"ofr95313","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-313","title":"Hydrologic data through 1993 for the Huron Project of the High Plains Ground-Water Demonstration Program","docAbstract":"This report presents data on precipitation, geologic logs, water levels, and water quality that have been collected or compiled, through water year 1993, for the Huron Project of the High Plains Ground-Water Demonstration Program, under the guidance of the Bureau of Reclamation. The purpose of the Huron Project is to demonstrate the artificial recharge potential of glacial aquifers in eastern South Dakota. High flows from the James River during spring runoff are used as a source of supplemental recharge for the Warren aquifer, which is a buried, glacial aquifer. Prior to the injection of recharge water, which began in April 1994, many sites were monitored to obtain background information. This report presents data that were collected prior to the initiation of recharge. Precipitation data are collected at two sites within the study area. A site description and daily precipitation for water years 1991-93 are presented for one precipitation site. In 1990, 76 test holes were drilled and observation wells were installed at 70 sites. Well information and geologic logs collected during the drilling program for the Huron Project are presented. In addition to the 70 new Huron Project wells, 15 existing observation wells owned by the South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources were incorporated into the study. Water- level hydrographs are presented for the 85 observation wells. The period of record shown for the hydrographs is from the earliest available record through September 1993. Water-quality data were collected from both screening and detailed sampling programs. Screening water-quality data for 32 observation wells are presented. These data include primarily field parameters and common ions. The eight detailed sampling sites represent the quality of untreated water, treated water, an intermittent stream, and ground water from the Warren aquifer. Data presented for the detailed sampling program include field parameters, bacteria counts, and concentrations of common ions, solids, nutrients, trace elements, radiometrics, total organic carbon, herbicides, insecticides, and volatile organic compounds.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95313","usgsCitation":"Carter, J.M., 1995, Hydrologic data through 1993 for the Huron Project of the High Plains Ground-Water Demonstration Program: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-313, vi, 151 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95313.","productDescription":"vi, 151 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151181,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0313/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47775,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0313/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ce4b07f02db608040","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, Janet M. 0000-0002-6376-3473 jmcarter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6376-3473","contributorId":339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Janet","email":"jmcarter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":562,"text":"South Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":179098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":16794,"text":"ofr95373 - 1995 - Analytical data from phases I and II of the Willamette River basin water quality study, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T09:56:12","indexId":"ofr95373","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-373","title":"Analytical data from phases I and II of the Willamette River basin water quality study, Oregon","docAbstract":"<p>This report presents trace-element, organic-compound (pesticides, volatile and semivolatile organic compounds, and dioxin and furan compounds), and nutrient concentration data from the analyses of water column, suspended-sediment, and bed-sediment samples collected by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of Phases I and II of the comprehensive Willamette River Basin Water Quality Study in western Oregon. The overall study was designed by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality to acquire the technical and regulatory knowledge necessary to protect and enhance water quality in the Willamette River Basin.</p>\n<p>The data were collected at 50 sites, representing runoff from agricultural, forested, and urbanized subbasins. In Phase I, water samples were collected during high and low flows in 1992 and 1993 to represent a wide range of hydrologic conditions. Bed-sediment samples were collected during low flows in 1993. In Phase II, water samples were collected in the spring of 1994 after the first high-flow event following the application of agricultural fertilizers and pesticides and in the fall during the first high-flow events following the conclusion of the agricultural season.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","doi":"10.3133/ofr95373","usgsCitation":"Harrison, H.E., Anderson, C., Rinella, F., Gasser, T.M., and Pogue, T.R., 1995, Analytical data from phases I and II of the Willamette River basin water quality study, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-373, v, 171 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95373.","productDescription":"v, 171 p.","numberOfPages":"180","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":149596,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0373/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45854,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0373/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"537.32 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Sandy River Basin, Willamette River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.76123046875,\n              45.78284835197676\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.20068359374999,\n              45.521743896993634\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.6181640625,\n              45.259422036351694\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.79394531249999,\n              45.10454630976873\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.50830078125,\n              44.91813929958515\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.1787109375,\n              44.402391829093915\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.06884765625,\n              44.05601169578525\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.37646484374999,\n              43.77109381775651\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.15673828124999,\n              43.59630591596548\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.02490234375,\n              43.229195113965005\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.67333984374999,\n              43.13306116240612\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.904296875,\n              43.13306116240612\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.53076171875,\n              43.29320031385282\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.39892578125,\n              44.35527821160296\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.70654296874999,\n              45.089035564831036\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.6845703125,\n              45.47554027158593\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.640625,\n              45.72152152227954\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.08007812499999,\n              45.62940492064501\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.431640625,\n              45.537136680398596\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.76123046875,\n              45.69083283645816\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.76123046875,\n              45.78284835197676\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e52c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrison, Howard E.","contributorId":8485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"Howard","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Chauncey W. 0000-0002-1016-3781 chauncey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1016-3781","contributorId":1151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Chauncey W.","email":"chauncey@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":173627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rinella, Frank A.","contributorId":89515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rinella","given":"Frank A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gasser, Timothy M.","contributorId":54615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gasser","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pogue, Ted R. Jr.","contributorId":13998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pogue","given":"Ted","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":2867,"text":"wsp2399 - 1995 - Ground-water, surface-water, and bottom-sediment contamination in the O-field area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, and the possible effects of selected remedial actions on ground water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:35","indexId":"wsp2399","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2399","title":"Ground-water, surface-water, and bottom-sediment contamination in the O-field area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, and the possible effects of selected remedial actions on ground water","docAbstract":"Disposal of munitions and chemical-warfare substances has introduced inorganic and organic contaminants to the ground water, surface water, and bottom sediment at O-Field, in the Edgewood area of Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. Contaminants include chloride, arsenic, transition metals, chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic compounds, and organosulfur and organophosphorus compounds. The hydrologic effects of several remedial actions were estimated by use of a ground-water-flow model. The remedial actions examined were an impermeable covering, encapsulation, subsurface barriers, a ground-water drain, pumping of wells to manage water levels or to remove contaminated ground water for treatment, and no action.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O. ;\r\nFor sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2399","usgsCitation":"Vroblesky, D.A., Lorah, M.M., and Oliveros, J.P., 1995, Ground-water, surface-water, and bottom-sediment contamination in the O-field area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, and the possible effects of selected remedial actions on ground water: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2399, vii, 95 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2399.","productDescription":"vii, 95 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138993,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2399/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":29476,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2399/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db65549d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vroblesky, Don A. vroblesk@usgs.gov","contributorId":413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"Don","email":"vroblesk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":145930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lorah, Michelle M. 0000-0002-9236-587X mmlorah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9236-587X","contributorId":1437,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lorah","given":"Michelle","email":"mmlorah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":145931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oliveros, James P.","contributorId":72367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliveros","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":17007,"text":"ofr94376 - 1995 - Concentrations and mass transport of pesticides and organic contaminants in the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries, 1987-89 and 1991-92","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-08T13:22:35","indexId":"ofr94376","displayToPublicDate":"1995-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-376","title":"Concentrations and mass transport of pesticides and organic contaminants in the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries, 1987-89 and 1991-92","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr94376","usgsCitation":"Pereira, W.E., Moody, J.A., Hostettler, F., Rostad, C., and Leiker, T., 1995, Concentrations and mass transport of pesticides and organic contaminants in the Mississippi River and some of its tributaries, 1987-89 and 1991-92: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-376, viii, 169 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94376.","productDescription":"viii, 169 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":148145,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0376/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":46140,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0376/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.2294921875,\n              45.89000815866184\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.50390625,\n              46.07323062540835\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.185546875,\n              45.02695045318546\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.7685546875,\n              43.58039085560784\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.4833984375,\n              41.73852846935917\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.4501953125,\n              39.30029918615029\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.23046875,\n              35.137879119634185\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.0654296875,\n              31.541089879585808\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.7578125,\n              29.305561325527698\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.9892578125,\n              28.34306490482549\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.505859375,\n              30.29701788337205\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.65917968749999,\n              30.486550842588485\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.791015625,\n              32.13840869677249\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.82421875,\n              34.08906131584994\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.9453125,\n              35.96022296929667\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.9453125,\n              37.579412513438385\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.912109375,\n              39.70718665682654\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.384765625,\n              41.57436130598913\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.966796875,\n              44.05601169578525\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.2294921875,\n              45.89000815866184\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b16e4b07f02db6a560a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pereira, Wilfred E.","contributorId":95552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"Wilfred","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moody, J. A.","contributorId":32930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hostettler, F. D.","contributorId":99563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostettler","given":"F. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leiker, T.J.","contributorId":96719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leiker","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":17246,"text":"ofr9542 - 1995 - Hydrologic effects associated with the June 28, 1992 Landers, California, earthquake sequence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-06T15:51:29","indexId":"ofr9542","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-42","title":"Hydrologic effects associated with the June 28, 1992 Landers, California, earthquake sequence","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr9542","usgsCitation":"Roeloffs, E., Danskin, W., Farrar, C.D., Galloway, D., Hamlin, S.N., Quilty, E., Quinn, H., Schaefer, D.H., Sorey, M., and Woodcock, D., 1995, Hydrologic effects associated with the June 28, 1992 Landers, California, earthquake sequence: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-42, Report: iv, 68 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9542.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 68 p.","numberOfPages":"72","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":46395,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0042/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":149339,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0042/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada, Oregon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -125.0244140625,\n              32.2313896627376\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.97216796875,\n              32.2313896627376\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.97216796875,\n              42.98857645832184\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.0244140625,\n              42.98857645832184\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.0244140625,\n              32.2313896627376\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607165","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roeloffs, E.A.","contributorId":88742,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roeloffs","given":"E.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Danskin, W.R. 0000-0001-8672-5501","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8672-5501","contributorId":22713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Danskin","given":"W.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Farrar, C. D.","contributorId":71978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Galloway, D. L. 0000-0003-0904-5355","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0904-5355","contributorId":31383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galloway","given":"D. L.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":175586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hamlin, S. N.","contributorId":46560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamlin","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Quilty, E.G.","contributorId":87160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quilty","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Quinn, H.M.","contributorId":44794,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinn","given":"H.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Schaefer, D. H.","contributorId":84763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"D.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Sorey, M.L.","contributorId":73185,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sorey","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Woodcock, D.E.","contributorId":8499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodcock","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":175584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":20819,"text":"ofr94711W - 1995 - Hydrologic data from the lower Cedar River Basin, Iowa, 1989-91","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-08T13:11:21","indexId":"ofr94711W","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-711","chapter":"W","title":"Hydrologic data from the lower Cedar River Basin, Iowa, 1989-91","docAbstract":"<p>Hydrologic data were collected from May 1989 through July 1991 from the Cedar River and the adjacent alluvial aquifer. The data were collected during various flow regimes of the river to evaluate the movement of agricultural chemicals between surface water and ground water. Water-quality samples from 34 surface-water sites and 95 ground-water sites were analyzed for 11 herbicides, 2 dealkylated atrazine metabolites, and nitrate. Specific conductance, pH, water temperature, and dissolved oxygen were measured at the time of sampling. Discharge and water-quality data from two seepage investigations were collected to identify gaining and losing reaches of the river and to help delineate where agricultural chemicals enter the river. Ancillary data on ground-water levels and river stage also were collected.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City","doi":"10.3133/ofr94711W","usgsCitation":"Schulmeyer, P., Barnes, K., and Squillace, P.J., 1995, Hydrologic data from the lower Cedar River Basin, Iowa, 1989-91: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-711, iv, 116 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94711W.","productDescription":"iv, 116 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":50401,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0711w/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":153390,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0711w/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa","otherGeospatial":"Lower Cedar River basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.34857177734375,\n              41.37474755643594\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.329345703125,\n              41.33763822308113\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.241455078125,\n              41.29431726315258\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.16455078125,\n              41.279870545327114\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.14257812499999,\n              41.335575973123895\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.08489990234375,\n              41.395354710280166\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.03271484375,\n              41.45301999377133\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.96954345703125,\n              41.47154438707647\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.8404541015625,\n              41.50446357504806\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.780029296875,\n              41.57641597789266\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.59051513671875,\n              41.55381099217959\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.494384765625,\n              41.60928183876483\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.5987548828125,\n              41.668808555620586\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.74432373046875,\n              41.73442939072102\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.802001953125,\n              41.7856490686444\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.77728271484375,\n              41.832735062152615\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.86517333984375,\n              41.88592102814744\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.9173583984375,\n              41.934976500546604\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.95855712890625,\n              41.97582726102573\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.16455078125,\n              42.014611228817955\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.219482421875,\n              42.047253079589595\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.32110595703125,\n              42.05133213230169\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.38153076171875,\n              42.05541092308216\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.42822265625,\n              42.12267315117259\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.47216796875,\n              42.15322331239858\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.53259277343749,\n              42.21224516288584\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.61224365234375,\n              42.26714700815231\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.71661376953125,\n              42.32200108060303\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.7523193359375,\n              42.261049162113856\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.746826171875,\n              42.173581898327754\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.746826171875,\n              42.10637370579324\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.66717529296875,\n              42.08395512413707\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.64520263671875,\n              42.002366213375524\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.70562744140625,\n              41.99624282178583\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.8841552734375,\n              41.99011884096809\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.99951171875,\n              41.99624282178583\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.19451904296875,\n              42.03093424950211\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.31262207031249,\n              42.06560675405716\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.44171142578125,\n              42.114523952464246\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.559814453125,\n              42.165439250064324\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.65869140625,\n              42.1613675328748\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.74108886718749,\n              42.124710287101955\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.74383544921875,\n              42.03501434990212\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.71087646484375,\n              41.94519164538106\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.52685546875,\n              41.86547012230939\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.29888916015625,\n              41.89205502378826\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.15057373046875,\n              41.92475971933975\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.91436767578124,\n              41.934976500546604\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.73583984374999,\n              41.937019660425264\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.614990234375,\n              41.916585116228354\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.51885986328125,\n              41.875696393231\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.48040771484375,\n              41.826595373571706\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.4007568359375,\n              41.795888098191426\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.35955810546875,\n              41.73442939072102\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.38153076171875,\n              41.67496335351134\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.43646240234375,\n              41.63597302844412\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.483154296875,\n              41.5969591019372\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.5216064453125,\n              41.52297326747377\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.49414062499999,\n              41.413895564677304\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.42822265625,\n              41.380930388318\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.34857177734375,\n              41.37474755643594\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607725","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schulmeyer, P.M.","contributorId":17208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schulmeyer","given":"P.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnes, K.K.","contributorId":99164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"K.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Squillace, P. J.","contributorId":8878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Squillace","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":19941,"text":"ofr94506 - 1995 - Pesticides in the atmosphere; distribution, trends, and governing factors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-05-22T15:26:15","indexId":"ofr94506","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-506","title":"Pesticides in the atmosphere; distribution, trends, and governing factors","docAbstract":"A comprehensive review of existing literature on the occurrence and distribution of pesticides in the atmosphere of the United States and adjoining Canadian provinces showed that the atmosphere is an important part of the hydrologic cycle that acts to distribute and deposit pesticides in areas far removed from their application sites. A compilation of existing data shows that pesticides have been detected in the atmosphere throughout the nation. Most of the available information on pesticides in the atmosphere is from small-scale, short-term studies that seldom lasted more than one year. Only two national-scale, multi-year studies were done since the late 1960's that analyzed for a wide variety of pesticides in air that were in current use at the time. Another large-scale study was done during 1990-91, but was limited to the midwestern and northeastern United States and only analyzed for two classes of herbicides in wet deposition. Most of the pesticides analyzed for were detected in either air or rain, and represent about 25 percent of the total number of insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides in current use. The geographical distribution of studies, and the type of sampling and analysis were highly variable with most of the historical study efforts concentrated in the Great Lakes area and California. Air and rain were the main atmospheric matrices sampled, but pesticides were also detected in fog and snow. Reported pesticide concentrations in air and rain were frequently positively correlated to their regional agricultural use. Deviations from this relation could usually be explained by non-agricultural use of pesticides, sampling and analytical difficulties, and environmental persistence. High concentrations of locally used pesticides were found to occur seasonally, usually in conjunction with spring planting of row crops and warm temperatures, but high concentrations also occurred during winter months in those areas where dormant orchards were sprayed. The environmentally more persistent pesticides were detected in the atmosphere at low concen- trations throughout the year. Deposition of airborne pesticides can have significant effects on water quality, but neither the nature of nor the magnitude of these effects can be determined with certainty on the basis of the type of data currently available. The lack of consistent, long-term regional and national monitoring and study of pesticides in atmospheric matrices severely limits assessment capability.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94506","usgsCitation":"Majewski, M.S., and Capel, P.D., 1995, Pesticides in the atmosphere; distribution, trends, and governing factors: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-506, xiii, 191 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94506.","productDescription":"xiii, 191 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0506/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":272568,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0506/report.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697904","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Majewski, Michael S. majewski@usgs.gov","contributorId":440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Majewski","given":"Michael","email":"majewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":181770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Capel, Paul D. 0000-0003-1620-5185 capel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1620-5185","contributorId":1002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Capel","given":"Paul","email":"capel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":181771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":19683,"text":"ofr95305 - 1995 - Hydrologic data for the Usquepaug-Queen River basin, Rhode Island","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:38","indexId":"ofr95305","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-305","title":"Hydrologic data for the Usquepaug-Queen River basin, Rhode Island","docAbstract":"The Usquepaug-Queen River ground-water reservoir in Rhode Island is part of the stratified-drift aquifer along the Usquepaug-Queen River and its tributaries. The thickest, most permeable parts of the aquifer form the Usquepaug-Queen River ground-water reservoir. The 36.1-square mile study area comprises parts of Washington and Kent counties, and includes parts of the towns of Exeter, North Kingstown, Richmond, South Kingstown, and West Greenwich. The report presents geologic and hydrologic information needed for the prediction and management of hydrologic effects of proposed ground-water development. The report describes aquifer lithology, provides historical data on water-level and aquifer-storage changes, provides information on ground-water quality, and presents natural flow characteristics and water quality of streams in the Usquepaug-Queen River area. The data includes 275 ground-water sites; lithologic logs of 66 ground-water sites; water levels for 43 ground- water sites; chemical analyses of 36 ground-water sites; stream discharge measurements from the continuous-record gaging station on the Usquepaug- Queen River; discharge measurements at 10 partial- record stations in the area; chemical analyses of 17 stream sites; and the data from 14 slug tests conducted at ground-water sites.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S.G.S. Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr95305","usgsCitation":"Kliever, J.D., 1995, Hydrologic data for the Usquepaug-Queen River basin, Rhode Island: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-305, iv, 68 p. ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95305.","productDescription":"iv, 68 p. ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152427,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0305/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":19361,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0305/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":49166,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0305/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ce4b07f02db608204","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kliever, John D.","contributorId":46976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kliever","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":18966,"text":"ofr94709W - 1995 - Statistical summaries of surface-water hydrologic data collected in the Suwannee River Water Management District, Florida, 1906-93","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-08-29T07:48:08","indexId":"ofr94709W","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-709","chapter":"W","title":"Statistical summaries of surface-water hydrologic data collected in the Suwannee River Water Management District, Florida, 1906-93","docAbstract":"<p>Since 1906, hydrologic data have been collected systematically on streams and lakes in the Suwannee River Water Management District (SRWMD) by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the SRWMD, and other agencies. Records of stream discharge and stream and lake stage in the SRWMD (fig. 1), collected largely in cooperation with the SRWMD since 1975, have been published for many years in the USGS annual report series \"Water Resources Data for Florida.\"</p><p>Streamflow and stream and lake elevation statistics are given in this report for sites shown in figure 1. All 27 daily streamflow stations shown are (or were) operated by the USGS in cooperation with the SRWMD; all 18 lake stage stations shown are now (1994) operated by the SRWMD, but were operated until the late 1970’s by the USGS in cooperation with the SRWMD. All unregulated stream stations which have three or more years of continuous record are included in this report. All unregulated lake stations having at least three years of intermittent lake elevation readings are also included. There are many other sites in the SRWMD for which shorter records or miscellaneous measurements are available but are not included because statistical summaries for such stations require interpretive analysis beyond the scope of this report.</p><p>Basic hydrologic data have long been recognized as fundamental to the analysis of magnitude and frequency of floods, availability of water supplies, potential for reservoir storage, and permitting of waste discharges. Also, in recent times, scientists and water managers have become more aware of the complex relations between flows and water levels and the terrestrial and aquatic plant and&nbsp;animal life in wetland ecosystems. In 1994, the SRWMD and the USGS began a long-term program of cooperative studies designed to better understand minimum and maximum flow and water levels needed to manage the surface and ground water resources of the District and maintain or improve the various ecosystems therein. Information presented in this report, together with frequency analysis of station data, flow regionalization, studies of the relation of salinity to flow in the lower Suwannee River, definition of ground-water surface-water interactions, surface- and ground-water quality studies, and studies of interaction between surface-water bodies and wetlands, will provide the basis for the SRWMD to establish minimum flow and level requirements for streams and lakes in the SRWMD area.</p><p>This report is a necessary first step in the longterm program of study because it contains basic stream discharge and stream and lake elevation statistics, most of which are not contained in the annual report \"Water Resources Data for Florida.\" These statistics, most of which were generated using a U.S. Geological Survey computer program, ADAPS, Automatic Data Processing System, characterize normal flows and levels and departures from normal due to floods and droughts or seasonal climatic variations. Specifically, the report presents for the period of record of each stream or lake gaging station, as appropriate:</p><ul><li>Minimum, maximum, and mean of monthly mean stream elevations and discharges in graphical and tabular form.</li><li>For streams, annual mean discharge, highest and lowest annual mean discharge, highest and lowest daily mean discharge, minimum annual seven-day mean discharge, instantaneous peak discharge and elevation, instantaneous minimum discharge, and basin yield.</li><li>Duration of annual daily mean stream elevation and discharge. Duration of daily values are shown in both graphical and tabular form.</li><li>Duration of daily mean stream elevations and discharge, by months, in tables.</li><li>Minimum and maximum 1-,3-,7-,14-,30-, 60-,&nbsp;90-,120-, and 183-consecutive day stream elevations and discharges (with rankings) for each year of record.</li><li>Mean monthly lake elevations and statistics by month, including number of monthly values, mean, variance, standard deviation, skewness, and coefficient of variation.</li></ul><p>For convenience, a GLOSSARY of commonly used terms related to the collection and reporting of surface-water elevations and discharge is included before the Introduction section of this report.</p><p>The authors wish to acknowledge Natalie Rackley, formerly of the U.S. Geological Survey, and T.W. Grubbs, U.S. Geological Survey, for their computer assistance in the compilation of station records, and Jim Tomberlin, U.S. Geological Survey, for the mapping of stream and lake gaging stations.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr94709W","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Suwannee River Water Management District","usgsCitation":"Franklin, M., Giese, G.L., and Mixson, P., 1995, Statistical summaries of surface-water hydrologic data collected in the Suwannee River Water Management District, Florida, 1906-93: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-709, viii, 173 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94709W.","productDescription":"viii, 173 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":151500,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0709w/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48377,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0709w/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Suwannee River Water Management District","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84,\n              29\n            ],\n            [\n              -82,\n              29\n            ],\n            [\n              -82,\n              30.7\n            ],\n            [\n              -84,\n              30.7\n            ],\n            [\n              -84,\n              29\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dce4b07f02db5e14a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franklin, M.A.","contributorId":13631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franklin","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Giese, G. L.","contributorId":44898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Giese","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180065,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mixson, P.R.","contributorId":89556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mixson","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":18127,"text":"ofr94702W - 1995 - Hydrologic and ecologic influence of playa basins in the southern High Plains, Texas and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:16","indexId":"ofr94702W","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-702","chapter":"W","title":"Hydrologic and ecologic influence of playa basins in the southern High Plains, Texas and New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94702W","usgsCitation":"Bexfield, L.M., 1995, Hydrologic and ecologic influence of playa basins in the southern High Plains, Texas and New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-702, v, 16 p. :ill., maps (1 col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94702W.","productDescription":"v, 16 p. :ill., maps (1 col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149238,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0702w/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47482,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0702w/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611892","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bexfield, Laura M. 0000-0002-1789-654X bexfield@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1789-654X","contributorId":1273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bexfield","given":"Laura","email":"bexfield@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":178597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":16920,"text":"ofr95291 - 1995 - Benthic macrofauna data for San Francisco Bay, California, September 1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-01T14:34:41.168578","indexId":"ofr95291","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"95-291","title":"Benthic macrofauna data for San Francisco Bay, California, September 1986","docAbstract":"<p>Benthic macrofauna were collected during September 1986 to evaluate locations for long-term monitoring stations as part of the U.S. Geological Survey Regional Effects Monitoring Program in San Francisco Bay, California. Three to ten replicate samples were collected with a modified Van Veen sampler (0.05 m<sup>2</sup> area) at ten locations. One box core sample (0.06 m<sup>2</sup> area) was collected at seven to the ten locations. Six of the box core samples were split into an upper 10 cm sample and a deeper sample before analysis. Macrofauna specimens were identified to the lowest possible taxon, usually genus and species, then counted. An average of 88 percent of the benthic macrofauna specimens were identified to the species level. The fraction identified varied among stations from 54 to 98 percent. Nematodes and oligochaetes accounted for most of the unidentified specimens. Relative to the total number of species identified in five replicates at each location, an average of 90 percent of the species were collected with three replicates. In general, species with high to moderate abundances were present in all replicates, and species collected only after three or more replicates averaged less than one specimen per replicate. Results from the box cores showed that the dominant species were most abundant in the upper 10 cm, the depth of sediment that can be adequately sampled with a modified Van Veen sampler. On the basis of the number of species and their abundances at each location, seven of the ten locations were selected for sampling in the regular program, which began in March 1987.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr95291","usgsCitation":"Schemel, L.E., Thompson, J., Harmon, J., and Yost, B.T., 1995, Benthic macrofauna data for San Francisco Bay, California, September 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-291, iii, 33 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr95291.","productDescription":"iii, 33 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":46032,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0291/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":149415,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1995/0291/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.98645019531249,\n              37.38761749978395\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.83288574218749,\n              37.38761749978395\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.83288574218749,\n              38.21660403859855\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.98645019531249,\n              38.21660403859855\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.98645019531249,\n              37.38761749978395\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a3ae4b07f02db61dffb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schemel, Laurence E. lschemel@usgs.gov","contributorId":4085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schemel","given":"Laurence","email":"lschemel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":174185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thompson, J.K.","contributorId":103300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"J.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Harmon, J.G.","contributorId":90753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harmon","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yost, B. T.","contributorId":19178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yost","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":174186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70185316,"text":"70185316 - 1995 - Use of a reactive gas transport model to determine rates of hydrocarbon biodegradation in unsaturated porous media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T10:06:58","indexId":"70185316","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of a reactive gas transport model to determine rates of hydrocarbon biodegradation in unsaturated porous media","docAbstract":"<p><span>A mathematical model is presented that simulates the transport and reaction of any number of gaseous phase constituents (e.g. CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>, O</span><sub>2</sub><span>, N</span><sub>2</sub><span>, and hydrocarbons) in unsaturated porous media. The model was developed as part of a method to determine rates of hydrocarbon biodegradation associated with natural cleansing at petroleum product spill sites. The one-dimensional model can be applied to analyze data from column experiments or from field sites where gas transport in the unsaturated zone is approximately vertical. A coupled, non-Fickian constitutive relation between fluxes and concentration gradients, together with the capability of incorporating heterogeneity with respect to model parameters, results in model applicability over a wide range of experimental and field conditions. When applied in a calibration mode, the model allows for the determination of constituent production/consumption rates as a function of the spatial coordinate. Alternatively, the model can be applied in a predictive mode to obtain the distribution of constituent concentrations and fluxes on the basis of assumed values of model parameters and a biodegradation hypothesis. Data requirements for the model are illustrated by analyzing data from a column experiment designed to determine the aerobic degradation rate of toluene in sediments collected from a gasoline spill site in Galloway Township, New Jersey.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/95WR02077","usgsCitation":"Baehr, A.L., and Baker, R.J., 1995, Use of a reactive gas transport model to determine rates of hydrocarbon biodegradation in unsaturated porous media: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 11, p. 2877-2882, https://doi.org/10.1029/95WR02077.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"2877","endPage":"2882","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337859,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d0ea1ee4b0236b68f67397","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baehr, Arthur L.","contributorId":104523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baehr","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Ronald J. rbaker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Ronald","email":"rbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185714,"text":"70185714 - 1995 - Evaluation of lipid-containing semipermeable membrane devices for monitoring organochlorine contaminants in the Upper Mississippi river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-28T10:30:11","indexId":"70185714","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of lipid-containing semipermeable membrane devices for monitoring organochlorine contaminants in the Upper Mississippi river","docAbstract":"<p><span>Organochlorine contaminants sequestered in lipid-containing semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were compared to those found in tangential-flow ultrafilter permeates as part of a pilot study at 10 sites in the Upper Mississippi River system. Caged and feral fish from three primary sites were also analyzed for comparison. Concentrated organochlorine (OC) compounds were readily extracted from the SPMDs by dialysis into hexane, and samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization-mass spectrometry. Fish and water samples were processed by conventional methods. Reasonable agreement was found between analyte SPMD-derived water concentrations and measured values of ultrafilter permeates; however, concentrations of the same analytes in caged fish did not appear to be proportional to water concentrations derived from SPMDs and ultrafilter permeates. The greatest number of OC compounds was detected in SPMDs; fewer were detected in caged fish and feral fish.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620141109","usgsCitation":"Ellis, G.S., Rostad, C.E., Huckins, J.N., Schmitt, C.J., and MacCarthy, P., 1995, Evaluation of lipid-containing semipermeable membrane devices for monitoring organochlorine contaminants in the Upper Mississippi river: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 14, no. 11, p. 1875-1884, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620141109.","productDescription":"10 p. ","startPage":"1875","endPage":"1884","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338448,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Upper Mississippi River ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.65917968749999,\n              39.172658670429946\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.81298828125,\n              39.14710270770074\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.758056640625,\n              38.94232097947902\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.560302734375,\n              38.8225909761771\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.362548828125,\n              38.89103282648846\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.186767578125,\n              38.85682013474361\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.10986328125,\n              38.976492485539396\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.439453125,\n              39.01064750994083\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.615234375,\n              39.06184913429154\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.65917968749999,\n              39.172658670429946\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.219482421875,\n              40.713955826286046\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.43920898437499,\n              40.613952441166596\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.58203125,\n              40.38839687388361\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.593017578125,\n              40.019201307686785\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.483154296875,\n              39.884450178234395\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.329345703125,\n              39.918162846609455\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.329345703125,\n              40.204050425113294\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.25244140624999,\n              40.48038142908172\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.065673828125,\n              40.6306300839918\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.219482421875,\n              40.713955826286046\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -91.29638671875,\n              43.36512572875844\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.241455078125,\n              43.197167282501276\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.263427734375,\n              42.98857645832184\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.153564453125,\n              42.755079545072135\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.98876953125,\n              42.65012181368022\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.867919921875,\n              42.755079545072135\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.999755859375,\n              43.32517767999296\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.109619140625,\n              43.854335770789575\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.241455078125,\n              43.99281450048989\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.4447021484375,\n              44.10730980734024\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.6314697265625,\n              44.15462243076731\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.790771484375,\n              44.06390660801779\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.4007568359375,\n              43.87017822557581\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.318359375,\n              43.70362249839005\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.307373046875,\n              43.41302868475145\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.29638671875,\n              43.36512572875844\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    },\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.22973632812499,\n              45.97024259702345\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.50439453125,\n              45.88618457602257\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.9715576171875,\n              45.20913363773731\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.109130859375,\n              44.68427737181225\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.5103759765625,\n              44.484749436619964\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.988525390625,\n              44.32384807250689\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.8621826171875,\n              44.41808794374846\n            ],\n            [\n              -92.724609375,\n              44.902577996288876\n            ],\n            [\n              -93.416748046875,\n              45.40616374516014\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.185791015625,\n              45.909122123907295\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.22973632812499,\n              45.97024259702345\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"14","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1995-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58db7633e4b0ee37af29e4b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, Geoffrey S. 0000-0003-4519-3320 gsellis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-3320","contributorId":1058,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"Geoffrey","email":"gsellis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686507,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rostad, Colleen E. cerostad@usgs.gov","contributorId":833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"Colleen","email":"cerostad@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":686508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huckins, James N.","contributorId":83454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huckins","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":686509,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmitt, Christopher J. 0000-0001-6804-2360 cjschmitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"Christopher","email":"cjschmitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"MacCarthy, Patrick","contributorId":29027,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacCarthy","given":"Patrick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70185355,"text":"70185355 - 1995 - Modeling hexavalent chromium reduction in groundwater in field-scale transport and laboratory batch experiments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-08T14:55:21","indexId":"70185355","displayToPublicDate":"1995-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling hexavalent chromium reduction in groundwater in field-scale transport and laboratory batch experiments","docAbstract":"<p><span>A plausible and consistent model is developed to obtain a quantitative description of the gradual disappearance of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) from groundwater in a small-scale field tracer test and in batch kinetic experiments using aquifer sediments under similar chemical conditions. The data exhibit three distinct timescales. Fast reduction occurs in well-stirred batch reactors in times much less than 1 hour and is followed by slow reduction over a timescale of the order of 2 days. In the field, reduction occurs on a timescale of the order of 8 days. The model is based on the following hypotheses. The chemical reduction reaction occurs very fast, and the longer timescales are caused by diffusion resistance. Diffusion into the secondary porosity of grains causes the apparent slow reduction rate in batch experiments. In the model of the field experiments, the reducing agent, heavy Fe(II)-bearing minerals, is heterogeneously distributed in thin strata located between larger nonreducing sand lenses that comprise the bulk of the aquifer solids. It is found that reducing strata of the order of centimeters thick are sufficient to contribute enough diffusion resistance to cause the observed longest timescale in the field. A one-dimensional advection/dispersion model is formulated that describes the major experimental trends. Diffusion rates are estimated in terms of an elementary physical picture of flow through a stratified medium containing identically sized spherical grains. Both reduction and sorption reactions are included. Batch simulation results are sensitive to the fraction of reductant located at or near the surface of grains, which controls the amount of rapid reduction, and the secondary porosity, which controls the rate of slow reduction observed in batch experiments. Results of Cr(VI) transport simulations are sensitive to the thickness and relative size of the reducing stratum. Transport simulation results suggest that nearly all of the reductant must be located in the reducing stratum. Within this context and as long as there is adequate reductive capacity present, the transport simulation results are insensitive to the parameters important for the batch simulations. The results illustrate how a combination of field measurements and batch laboratory studies can be used to improve predictive modeling of contaminant transport.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/95WR02104","usgsCitation":"Friedly, J., Davis, J., and Kent, D., 1995, Modeling hexavalent chromium reduction in groundwater in field-scale transport and laboratory batch experiments: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 11, p. 2783-2794, https://doi.org/10.1029/95WR02104.","productDescription":"12 p. ","startPage":"2783","endPage":"2794","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337916,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b92e4b0236b68f8290a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Friedly, J.C.","contributorId":189596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Friedly","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kent, D.B.","contributorId":16588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
]}