{"pageNumber":"430","pageRowStart":"10725","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16446,"records":[{"id":70068802,"text":"70068802 - 1995 - Large-scale atmospheric forcing of recent trends toward early snowmelt runoff in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T11:44:00","indexId":"70068802","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T13:35:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2216,"text":"Journal of Climate","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large-scale atmospheric forcing of recent trends toward early snowmelt runoff in California","docAbstract":"<p>Since the late 1940s, snowmelt and runoff have come increasingly early in the water year in many basins in northern and central California. This subtle trend is most pronounced in moderate-altitude basins, which are sensitive to changes in mean winter temperatures. Such basins have broad areas in which winter temperatures are near enough to freezing that small increases result initially in the formation of less snow and eventually in early snowmelt. In moderate-altitude basins of California, a declining fraction of the annual runoff has come in April–June. This decline has been compensated by increased fractions of runoff at other, mostly earlier, times in the water year.</p><p>Weather stations in central California, including the central Sierra Nevada, have shown trends toward warmer winters since the 1940s. A series of regression analyses indicate that runoff timing responds equally to the observed decadal-scale trends in winter temperature and interannual temperature variations of the same magnitude, suggesting that the temperature trend is sufficient to explain the runoff-timing trends. The immediate cause of the trend toward warmer winters in California is a concurrent, long-term fluctuation in winter atmospheric circulations over the North Pacific Ocean and North America that is not immediately distinguishable from natural atmospheric variability. The fluctuation began to affect California in the 1940s, when the region of strongest low-frequency variation of winter circulations shifted to a part of the central North Pacific Ocean that is teleconnected to California temperatures. Since the late 1940s, winter wind fields have been displaced progressively southward over the central North Pacific and northward over the west coast of North America. These shifts in atmospheric circulations are associated with concurrent shifts in both West Coast air temperatures and North Pacific sea surface temperatures.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/1520-0442(1995)008<0606:LSAFOR>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Dettinger, M., and Cayan, D.R., 1995, Large-scale atmospheric forcing of recent trends toward early snowmelt runoff in California: Journal of Climate, v. 8, no. 3, p. 606-623, https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1995)008<0606:LSAFOR>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"606","endPage":"623","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479223,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1995)008<0606:lsafor>2.0.co;2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":280895,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":280894,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0442(1995)008<0606:LSAFOR>2.0.CO;2"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sierra Nevada","volume":"8","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd641be4b0b290850ff3dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dettinger, Michael D. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":31743,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"Michael D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cayan, Daniel R. 0000-0002-2719-6811 drcayan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2719-6811","contributorId":1494,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"Daniel","email":"drcayan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488130,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185369,"text":"70185369 - 1995 - Using borehole flow logging to optimize hydraulic-test procedures in heterogeneous fractured aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-21T12:13:47","indexId":"70185369","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Using borehole flow logging to optimize hydraulic-test procedures in heterogeneous fractured aquifers","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hydraulic properties of heterogeneous fractured aquifers are difficult to characterize, and such characterization usually requires equipment-intensive and time-consuming applications of hydraulic testing in situ. Conventional coring and geophysical logging techniques provide useful and reliable information on the distribution of bedding planes, fractures and solution openings along boreholes, but it is often unclear how these locally permeable features are organized into larger-scale zones of hydraulic conductivity. New boreholes flow-logging equipment provides techniques designed to identify hydraulically active fractures intersecting boreholes, and to indicate how these fractures might be connected to larger-scale flow paths in the surrounding aquifer. Potential complications in interpreting flowmeter logs include: 1) Ambient hydraulic conditions that mask the detection of hydraulically active fractures; 2) Inability to maintain quasi-steady drawdowns during aquifer tests, which causes temporal variations in flow intensity to be confused with inflows during pumping; and 3) Effects of uncontrolled background variations in hydraulic head, which also complicate the interpretation of inflows during aquifer tests. Application of these techniques is illustrated by the analysis of cross-borehole flowmeter data from an array of four bedrock boreholes in granitic schist at the Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, research site. Only two days of field operations were required to unambiguously identify the few fractures or fracture zones that contribute most inflow to boreholes in the CO borehole array during pumping. Such information was critical in the interpretation of water-quality data. This information also permitted the setting of the available string of two packers in each borehole so as to return the aquifer as close to pre-drilling conditions as possible with the available equipment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/s100400050249","usgsCitation":"Paillet, F., 1995, Using borehole flow logging to optimize hydraulic-test procedures in heterogeneous fractured aquifers: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 3, no. 3, p. 4-20, https://doi.org/10.1007/s100400050249.","productDescription":"17 p. ","startPage":"4","endPage":"20","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337930,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-11-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b95e4b0236b68f8293b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paillet, F.L.","contributorId":189369,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paillet","given":"F.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70185373,"text":"70185373 - 1995 - Groundwater transport of crater-lake brine at Poa´s Volcano, Costa Rica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-21T12:34:02","indexId":"70185373","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater transport of crater-lake brine at Poa´s Volcano, Costa Rica","docAbstract":"<p><span>Poa´s Volcano is an active stratovolcano in Costa Rica that has a lake in its active crater. The crater lake has high temperatures (50–90 °C), high acidity (pH ≈ 0.0), and a high dissolved-solids content (100 g/kg). The volcano has numerous freshwater springs on its flanks, but a few on the northwestern flank are highly acidic (pH = 1.6–2.5) and have high dissolved-solids concentrations (2–22 g/kg). This study analyzes the regional groundwater system at Poa´s and demonstrates the likelihood that the water discharging from the acidic springs in the Rio Agrio watershed originates at the acidic crater lake. Both heat and solute transport are analyzed on a regional scale through numerical simulations using the HST3D finite-difference model, which solves the coupled equations for fluid flow, heat transport, and solute transport. The code allows fluid viscosity and density to be functions of both temperature and solute concentration. The simulations use estimates for recharge to the mountain and a range of values and various distributions of permeability and porosity. Several sensitivity analyses are performed to test how the uncertainty in many of the model parameters affects the simulation results. These uncertainties yield an estimated range of travel times from the crater lake to the Rio Agrio springs of 1–30 years, which is in close agreement with the results of tritium analyses of the springs. Calculated groundwater fluxes into and out of the crater lake are both about several hundred kg/s. These fluxes must be accounted for in water budgets of the crater lake.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0377-0273(94)00080-Z","usgsCitation":"Sanford, W.E., Konikow, L.F., Rowe, G., and Brantley, S., 1995, Groundwater transport of crater-lake brine at Poa´s Volcano, Costa Rica: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 64, no. 3-4, p. 269-293, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(94)00080-Z.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"269","endPage":"293","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337934,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Costa Rica","otherGeospatial":"Poa's Volcano ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.25500869750975,\n              10.173867141254313\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.20402526855467,\n              10.173867141254313\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.20402526855467,\n              10.21458443640332\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.25500869750975,\n              10.21458443640332\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.25500869750975,\n              10.173867141254313\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"64","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b94e4b0236b68f82930","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanford, Ward E. 0000-0002-6624-0280 wsanford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6624-0280","contributorId":2268,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanford","given":"Ward","email":"wsanford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rowe, Gary L. Jr.","contributorId":189606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rowe","given":"Gary L.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brantley, Susan L.","contributorId":38461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brantley","given":"Susan L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70185326,"text":"70185326 - 1995 - Chlorofluorocarbons as tracers of groundwater transport processes in a shallow, silty sand aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T08:55:20","indexId":"70185326","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chlorofluorocarbons as tracers of groundwater transport processes in a shallow, silty sand aquifer","docAbstract":"<p><span>Detailed depth profiles of Chlorofluorocarbons CFC-11(CFCl</span><sub>3</sub><span>(, CFC-12 (CF</span><sub>2</sub><span>Cl</span><sub>2</sub><span>) and CFC-113 (C</span><sub>2</sub><span>F</span><sub>3</sub><span>Cl</span><sub>3</sub><span>) have been obtained from a well-characterized field site in central Ontario. Aquifer materials comprise predominantly silty sands, with a mean organic carbon content of 0.03%. Nearly one-dimensional flow exists at this site, and the vertical migration of a well-defined<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>3</sup><span>H peak has been tracked through time. Detailed vertical sampling has allowed CFC tracer velocities to be estimated to within 10%. Comparison with<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>3</sup><span>H profiles enables estimation of chlorofluorocarbon transport parameters. CFC-12 appears to be the most conservative of the CFCs measured. Sorption at this site is low (</span><i>K</i><sub><i>d</i></sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>&lt; 0.03), and degradation does not appear to be important. CFC- 113 is retarded both with respect to CFC-12 and with respect to<span>&nbsp;</span></span><sup>3</sup><span>H (</span><i>K</i><sub><i>d</i></sub><span><span>&nbsp;</span>= 0.09−0.14). CFC-11 appears to be degraded both in the highly organic unsaturated zone and below 3.5 m depth in the aquifer, where dissolved oxygen concentrations decrease to below 0.5 mg L</span><sup>−1</sup><span>. The half-life for CFC-11 degradation below 3.5 m depth is less than 2 years. While apparent CFC-12 ages match hydraulic ages to within 20% (up to 30 years), apparent CFC-11 and CFC-113 ages significantly overestimate hydraulic ages at our field site.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/94WR02528","usgsCitation":"Cook, P., Solomon, D.K., Plummer, N., Busenberg, E., and Schiff, S., 1995, Chlorofluorocarbons as tracers of groundwater transport processes in a shallow, silty sand aquifer: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 3, p. 425-434, https://doi.org/10.1029/94WR02528.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"425","endPage":"434","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337867,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d0ea1fe4b0236b68f673a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cook, P.G.","contributorId":103807,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solomon, D. K.","contributorId":98324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Solomon","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Busenberg, E.","contributorId":56796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schiff, S.L.","contributorId":13001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schiff","given":"S.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70185370,"text":"70185370 - 1995 - Remediation of uranium contaminated soils with bicarbonate extraction and microbial U(VI) reduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-21T12:19:05","indexId":"70185370","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2352,"text":"Journal of Industrial Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Remediation of uranium contaminated soils with bicarbonate extraction and microbial U(VI) reduction","docAbstract":"<p><span>A process for concentrating uranium from contaminated soils in which the uranium is first extracted with bicarbonate and then the extracted uranium is precipitated with U(VI)-reducing microorganisms was evaluated for a variety of uranuum-contaminated soils. Bicarbonate (100 mM) extracted 20–94% of the uranium that was extracted with nitric acid. The U(VI)-reducing microorganism,</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Desulfovibrio desulfuricans</i><span> reduced the U(VI) to U(IV) in the bicarbonate extracts. In some instances unidentified dissolved extracted components, presumably organics, gave the extract a yellow color and inhibited U(VI) reduction and/or the precipitation of U(IV). Removal of the dissolved yellow material with the addition of hydrogen peroxide alleviated this inhibition. These results demonstrate that bicarbonate extraction of uranium from soil followed by microbial U(VI) reduction might be an effective mechanism for concentrating uranium from some contaminated soils.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Industrial Microbiology","doi":"10.1007/BF01569928","usgsCitation":"Philips, E., Landa, E.R., and Lovely, D.R., 1995, Remediation of uranium contaminated soils with bicarbonate extraction and microbial U(VI) reduction: Journal of Industrial Microbiology, v. 14, no. 3, p. 203-207, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01569928.","productDescription":"5 p. ","startPage":"203","endPage":"207","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479224,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01569928","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":337931,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b95e4b0236b68f82937","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Philips, Elizabeth","contributorId":189604,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Philips","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landa, Edward R. erlanda@usgs.gov","contributorId":2112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landa","given":"Edward","email":"erlanda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":685357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lovely, Derek R.","contributorId":184232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lovely","given":"Derek","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185375,"text":"70185375 - 1995 - Screening tests for assessing the anaerobic biodegradation of pollutant chemicals in subsurface environments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T08:17:20","indexId":"70185375","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2390,"text":"Journal of Microbiological Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Screening tests for assessing the anaerobic biodegradation of pollutant chemicals in subsurface environments","docAbstract":"<p><span>Screening methods were developed to assess the susceptibility of ground water contaminants to anaerobic biodegradation. One method was an extrapolation of a procedure previously used to measure biodegradation activity in dilute sewage sludge. Aquifer solids and ground water with no additional nutritive media were incubated anaerobically in 160-ml serum bottles containing 250 mg·l</span><sup>−1</sup><span> carbon of the substrate of interest. This method relied on the detection of gas pressure or methane production in substrateamended microcosms relative to background controls. Other screening procedures involved the consumption of stoichiometrically required amounts of sulfate or nitrate from the same type of incubations. Close agreement was obtained between the measured and calculated amounts of substrate bioconversion based on the measured biogas pressure in methanogenic microcosms. Storage of the microcosms for up to 6 months did not adversely influence the onset or rate of benzoic acid mineralization. The lower detection limits of the methanogenic assay were found to be a function of the size of the microcosm headspace, the mean oxidation state of the substrate carbon, and the method used to correct for background temperature fluctuations. Using these simple screening procedures, biodegradation information of regulatory interest could be generated, including, (i) the length of the adaptation period, (ii) the rate of substrate decay and (iii) the completeness of the bioconversion.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0167-7012(94)00054-B","usgsCitation":"Suflita, J.M., and Concannon, F., 1995, Screening tests for assessing the anaerobic biodegradation of pollutant chemicals in subsurface environments: Journal of Microbiological Methods, v. 21, no. 3, p. 267-281, https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-7012(94)00054-B.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"267","endPage":"281","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337936,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b94e4b0236b68f8292c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Suflita, Joseph M.","contributorId":187604,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Suflita","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Concannon, Frank","contributorId":189607,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Concannon","given":"Frank","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185357,"text":"70185357 - 1995 - Kinetics of oxidation of selenite to selenate in the presence of oxygen, titania and light","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T08:27:19","indexId":"70185357","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kinetics of oxidation of selenite to selenate in the presence of oxygen, titania and light","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es00003a005","usgsCitation":"Gruebel, K.A., Davis, J., and Leckie, J.O., 1995, Kinetics of oxidation of selenite to selenate in the presence of oxygen, titania and light: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 29, no. 3, p. 586-594, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00003a005.","productDescription":"9 p. ","startPage":"586","endPage":"594","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337918,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b95e4b0236b68f82940","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gruebel, Karen A.","contributorId":74137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gruebel","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davis, James A.","contributorId":69289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leckie, James O.","contributorId":77297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leckie","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1803,"text":"wsp2435 - 1995 - Effects of agricultural land-management practices on water quality in northeastern Guilford County, North Carolina, 1985-90","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":19243,"text":"ofr9460 - 1994 - Effects of agricultural land-management practices on water quality in northeastern Guilford County, North Carolina, 1985-90","indexId":"ofr9460","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of agricultural land-management practices on water quality in northeastern Guilford County, North Carolina, 1985-90"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1803,"text":"wsp2435 - 1995 - Effects of agricultural land-management practices on water quality in northeastern Guilford County, North Carolina, 1985-90","indexId":"wsp2435","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of agricultural land-management practices on water quality in northeastern Guilford County, North Carolina, 1985-90"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-03T10:06:28","indexId":"wsp2435","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2435","title":"Effects of agricultural land-management practices on water quality in northeastern Guilford County, North Carolina, 1985-90","docAbstract":"The effects of selected agricultural land-management practices on water quality were assessed in a comparative study of four small basins in the Piedmont province of North Carolina. Agricultural practices, such as tillage and applications of fertilizer and pesticides, are major sources of sediment, nutrients, and pesticides in surface water, and of nutrients and pesticides in ground water.\r\n\r\nThe four study basins included two adjacent row-crop fields, a mixed land-use basin, and a forested basin. One of the row-crop fields (7.4 acres) was farmed by using conservation land-management (CLM) practices, which included strip cropping, contour plowing, field borders, and grassed waterways. The other row-crop field (4.8 acres) was farmed by using standard land-management (SLM) practices, which included continuous cropping, straight-row plowing without regard to land topography, and poorly maintained waterways. The mixed land-use basin (665 acres) was monitored to compare water quality in surface water as SLM practices were converted to CLM practices during the project. The forested basin (44 acres) provided background surface-water hydrologic and chemical-quality conditions.\r\n\r\nSurface-water flow was reduced by 18 percent by CLM practices compared to surface-water flow from the SLM practices basin. The thickness of the unsaturated zone in the row-crop basins ranged from a few feet to 25 feet. Areas with thick unsaturated zones have a greater capacity to intercept and store nutrients and pesticides than do areas with thinner zones.\r\n\r\nSediment concentrations and yields for the SLM practices basin were considerably higher than those for the other basins. The median sediment concentration in surface water for the SLM basin was 3.4 times that of the CLM basin, 8.2 times that of the mixed land-use basin, and 38.4 times that of the forested basin. The total sediment yield for the SLM basin was 2.3 times that observed for the CLM basin, 14.1 times that observed for the mixed land-use basin, and 19.5 times the yield observed for the forested basin.\r\n\r\nNutrient concentrations in surface water from the row-crop and mixed land-use basins were higher than those measured in the forested basin and in precipitation collected near the row-crop basins. The SLM basin generally had the highest concentrations of total nitrogen, nitrite plus nitrate, total phosphorus (equivalent to the mixed land-use basin), and potassium.\r\n\r\nNutrient concentrations in soil water and ground water were less than concentrations in surface water for the row-crop basins. Nutrient concentrations generally were at least slightly below the root zone (3-foot depth) and in ground water.\r\n\r\nDifferences in nutrient yields among basins had patterns similar to those observed for nutrient concentrations. The total nitrogen yield for the SLM basin was 1.2 times the yield for the CLM basin, 1.9 times the yield for the mixed land-use basin, and 4.2 times the yield for the forested basin. The total phosphorus yield for the SLM basin was 1.7 times the yield for the CLM basin, 3.3 times the yield for the mixed land-use basin, and 7.8 times the yield for the forested basin.\r\n\r\nNo significant differences in pesticide concentrations in surface water were identified between those measured in the SLM basin and those measured in the CLM basin. Significantly higher pesticide concentrations were observed at the row-crop basins compared with those observed at the mixed land-use basin probably because sampling sites for the row-crop basins were closer to the pesticide sources. No pesticides were detected in the forested basin.\r\n\r\nComparisons of pesticide concentrations in soil from the two row-crop basins indicated some differences. Concentrations of the soil pesticides isopropalin and flumetralin were higher in the SLM basin than in the CLM basin.\r\n\r\nThe surface-water quality of the mixed land-use basin generally was less affected by agricultural nonpoint sources than that of the smaller row-crop b","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nU.S. G.P.O. ;\r\nCopies can be purchased from U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2435","usgsCitation":"Harned, D.A., 1995, Effects of agricultural land-management practices on water quality in northeastern Guilford County, North Carolina, 1985-90: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2435, vi, 64 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2435.","productDescription":"vi, 64 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":26957,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2435/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":137030,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2435/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","county":"Guilford County","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-80.0368,36.2543],[-79.8315,36.2505],[-79.686,36.2462],[-79.532,36.2416],[-79.5362,36.023],[-79.5421,35.9001],[-79.7425,35.9084],[-79.7493,35.9084],[-79.8987,35.915],[-79.9833,35.9182],[-80.0469,35.9209],[-80.043,36.0103],[-80.0368,36.2543]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Guilford\",\"state\":\"NC\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db6846cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harned, Douglas A. daharned@usgs.gov","contributorId":1295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harned","given":"Douglas","email":"daharned@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":144183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70185719,"text":"70185719 - 1995 - XAS study of AsO43− and SeO42− substituted schwertmannites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-28T11:33:49","indexId":"70185719","displayToPublicDate":"1995-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5343,"text":"Physica B: Condensed Matter","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"XAS study of AsO43− and SeO42− substituted schwertmannites","docAbstract":"<p><span>Synthetic schwertmannite samples with varying amounts of arsenate and selenate substituting for sulfate were examined by XAS methods in an attempt to characterize the location of the anion complexes. Selenate appears to both substitute directly for sulfate within tunnels in the structure, and sorb onto the outside of crystallites. No disruption of the basic structure appears with selenate substitution. However, arsenate appears mainly to sorb to the outside of crystallites, destabilizing the structure and poisoning growth.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0921-4526(94)00730-J","usgsCitation":"Waychunas, G., Xu, N., Fuller, C.C., Davis, J., and Bigham, J., 1995, XAS study of AsO43− and SeO42− substituted schwertmannites: Physica B: Condensed Matter, v. 208-209, p. 481-483, https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-4526(94)00730-J.","productDescription":"3 p. ","startPage":"481","endPage":"483","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338458,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"208-209","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58db7634e4b0ee37af29e4be","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waychunas, G.A.","contributorId":90888,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waychunas","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Xu, Ning","contributorId":189937,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Ning","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fuller, C. C.","contributorId":29858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Davis, J.A.","contributorId":71694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bigham, J.M.","contributorId":28403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bigham","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70185364,"text":"70185364 - 1995 - Sorption and coprecipitation of trace concentrations of thorium with various minerals under conditions simulating an acid uranium mill effluent environment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-21T11:46:56","indexId":"70185364","displayToPublicDate":"1995-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2001,"text":"Inorganica Chimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sorption and coprecipitation of trace concentrations of thorium with various minerals under conditions simulating an acid uranium mill effluent environment","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sorption of thorium by pre-existing crystals of anglesite (PbSO</span><sub>4</sub><span>), apatite (Ca</span><sub>5</sub><span>(PO</span><sub>4</sub><span>)</span><sub>3</sub><span>(HO)), barite (BaSO</span><sub>4</sub><span>), bentonite (Na</span><sub>0.7</sub><span>Al</span><sub>3.3</sub><span>Mg</span><sub>0.7</sub><span>Si</span><sub>8</sub><span>O</span><sub>20</sub><span>(OH)</span><sub>4</sub><span>), celestite (SrSO</span><sub>4</sub><span>), fluorite (CaF</span><sub>2</sub><span>), galena (PbS), gypsum (CaSO</span><sub>4</sub><span>·2H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O), hematite (Fe</span><sub>2</sub><span>O</span><sub>3</sub><span>), jarosite (KFe</span><sub>3</sub><span>(SO</span><sub>4</sub><span>)</span><sub>2</sub><span>(OH)</span><sub>6</sub><span>), kaolinite (Al</span><sub>2</sub><span>O</span><sub>3</sub><span>·2SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>·2H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O), quartz (SiO</span><sub>2</sub><span>) and sodium feldspar (NaAlSi</span><sub>3</sub><span>O</span><sub>8</sub><span>) was studied under conditions that simulate an acidic uranium mill effluent environment. Up to 100% removal of trace quantitiees of thorim (approx. 1.00 ppm in 0.01 N H</span><sub>2</sub><span>SO</span><sub>4</sub><span>) from solution occurred within 3 h with fluorite and within 48 h in the case of bentonite. Quartz, jarosite, hematite, sodium feldspar, gypsum and galena removed less than 15% of the thorium from solution. In the coprecipitation studies, barite, anglesite, gypsum and celestite were formed in the presence of thorium (approx. 1.00 ppm). Approximately all of the thorium present in solution coprecipitated with barite and celestite; 95% coprecipitated with anglesite and less than 5% with gypsum under similar conditions. When jarosite was precipitated in the presence of thorium, a significant amount of thorium (78%) was incorporated in the precipitate.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0020-1693(94)04251-P","usgsCitation":"Landa, E.R., Le, A.H., Luck, R.L., and Yeich, P.J., 1995, Sorption and coprecipitation of trace concentrations of thorium with various minerals under conditions simulating an acid uranium mill effluent environment: Inorganica Chimica Acta, v. 229, no. 1-2, p. 247-252, https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-1693(94)04251-P.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"247","endPage":"252","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337925,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"229","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b95e4b0236b68f82947","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landa, Edward R. erlanda@usgs.gov","contributorId":2112,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landa","given":"Edward","email":"erlanda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":685340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Le, Anh H.","contributorId":189598,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Le","given":"Anh","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Luck, Rudy L.","contributorId":189600,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Luck","given":"Rudy","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yeich, Philip J.","contributorId":189599,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yeich","given":"Philip","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70185322,"text":"70185322 - 1995 - Deducing the distribution of terminal electron-accepting processes in hydrologically diverse groundwater systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-13T15:08:33","indexId":"70185322","displayToPublicDate":"1995-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deducing the distribution of terminal electron-accepting processes in hydrologically diverse groundwater systems","docAbstract":"<p><span>The distribution of microbially mediated terminal electron-accepting processes (TEAPs( was investigated in four hydrologically diverse groundwater systems by considering patterns of electron acceptor (nitrate, sulfate) consumption, intermediate product (hydrogen (H</span><sub>2</sub><span>)) concentrations, and final product (ferrous iron, sulfide, and methane) production. In each hydrologic system a determination of predominant TEAPs could be arrived at, but the level of confidence appropriate for each determination differed. In a portion of the lacustrine aquifer of the San Joaquin Valley, for example, all three indicators (sulfate concentrations decreasing, H</span><sub>2</sub><span>concentrations in the 1–2 nmol range, and sulfide concentrations increasing along flow paths identified sulfate reduction as the predominant TEAP, leading to a high degree of confidence in the determination. In portions of the Floridan aquifer and a petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated aquifer, sulfate reduction and methanogenesis are indicated by production of sulfide and methane, and hydrogen oncentrations in the 1–4 nmol and 5–14 nmol range, respectively. However, because electron acceptor consumption could not be documented in these systems, less confidence is warranted in the TEAP determination. In the Black Creek aquifer, no pattern of sulfate consumption and sulfide production were observed, but H2 concentrations indicated sulfate reduction as the predominant TEAP. In this case, where just a single line of evidence is available, the least confidence in the TEAP diagnosis is justified. Because this methodology is based on measurable water chemistry parameters and upon the physiology of microbial electron transfer processes, it provides a better description of predominant redox processes in groundwater systems than more traditional Eh-based methods.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/94WR02525","usgsCitation":"Chapelle, F.H., McMahon, P.B., Dubrovsky, N.M., Fujii, R., Oaksford, E.T., and Vroblesky, D.A., 1995, Deducing the distribution of terminal electron-accepting processes in hydrologically diverse groundwater systems: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 2, p. 359-371, https://doi.org/10.1029/94WR02525.","productDescription":"13 p. ","startPage":"359","endPage":"371","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d0ea1fe4b0236b68f673a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chapelle, Francis H. chapelle@usgs.gov","contributorId":1350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chapelle","given":"Francis","email":"chapelle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McMahon, Peter B. 0000-0001-7452-2379 pmcmahon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7452-2379","contributorId":724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McMahon","given":"Peter","email":"pmcmahon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dubrovsky, Neil M. 0000-0001-7786-1149 nmdubrov@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7786-1149","contributorId":1799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubrovsky","given":"Neil","email":"nmdubrov@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fujii, Roger F.","contributorId":189556,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fujii","given":"Roger F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oaksford, Edward T.","contributorId":82693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oaksford","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vroblesky, Don A. vroblesk@usgs.gov","contributorId":413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vroblesky","given":"Don","email":"vroblesk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":685171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70185374,"text":"70185374 - 1995 - Modeling the effects of variable groundwater chemistry on adsorption of molybdate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-25T08:37:54","indexId":"70185374","displayToPublicDate":"1995-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling the effects of variable groundwater chemistry on adsorption of molybdate","docAbstract":"<p><span>Laboratory experiments were used to identify and quantify processes having a significant effect on molybdate (MoO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup><span>) adsorption in a shallow alluvial aquifer on Cape Cod, assachusetts. Aqueous chemistry in the aquifer changes as a result of treated sewage effluent mixing with groundwater. Molybdate adsorption decreased as<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>p</i><span>H, ionic strength, and the concentration of competing anions increased. A diffuse-layer surface complexation model was used to simulate adsorption of MoO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup><span>, phosphate (PO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup><span>), and sulfate (SO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup><span>) on aquifer sediment. Equilibrium constants for the model were calculated by calibration to data from batch experiments. The model was then used in a one-dimensional solute transport program to successfully simulate initial breakthrough of MoO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>from column experiments. A shortcoming of the solute transport program was the inability to account for kinetics of physical and chemical processes. This resulted in a failure of the model to predict the slow rate of desorption of MoO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>from the columns. The mobility of MoO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>ncreased with ionic strength and with the formation of aqueous complexes with calcium, magnesium, and sodium. Failure to account for MoO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>speciation and ionic strength in the model resulted in overpredicting MoO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>adsorption. Qualitatively, the laboratory data predicted the observed behavior of MoO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>in the aquifer, where retardation of MoO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>was greatest in uncontaminated roundwater having low<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>p</i><span>H, low ionic strength, and low concentrations of PO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and SO</span><sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup><span>.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/94WR02675","usgsCitation":"Stollenwerk, K.G., 1995, Modeling the effects of variable groundwater chemistry on adsorption of molybdate: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 2, p. 347-357, https://doi.org/10.1029/94WR02675.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"347","endPage":"357","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337935,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b95e4b0236b68f82944","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stollenwerk, Kenneth G. kgstolle@usgs.gov","contributorId":578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stollenwerk","given":"Kenneth","email":"kgstolle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":685369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70185319,"text":"70185319 - 1995 - An updated model of induced airflow in the unsaturated zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-22T07:26:55","indexId":"70185319","displayToPublicDate":"1995-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An updated model of induced airflow in the unsaturated zone","docAbstract":"<p><span>Simulation of induced movement of air in the unsaturated zone provides a method to determine permeability and to design vapor extraction remediation systems. A previously published solution to the airflow equation for the case in which the unsaturated zone is separated from the atmosphere by a layer of lower permeability (such as a clay layer) has been superseded. The new solution simulates airflow through the layer of lower permeability more rigorously by defining the leakage in terms of the upper boundary condition rather than by adding a leakage term to the governing airflow equation. This note presents the derivation of the new solution. Formulas for steady state pressure, specific discharge, and mass flow in the domain are obtained for the new model and for the case in which the unsaturated zone is in direct contact with the atmosphere.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/94WR02423","usgsCitation":"Baehr, A.L., and Joss, C.J., 1995, An updated model of induced airflow in the unsaturated zone: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 2, p. 417-421, https://doi.org/10.1029/94WR02423.","productDescription":"5 p. ","startPage":"417","endPage":"421","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337860,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"31","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d0ea1fe4b0236b68f673a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Baehr, Arthur L.","contributorId":104523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baehr","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Joss, Craig J.","contributorId":189555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Joss","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70170851,"text":"70170851 - 1995 - Aquifer test in a complex drift aquifer system, west-central Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T10:33:46","indexId":"70170851","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T14:15:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1925,"text":"Hydrological Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquifer test in a complex drift aquifer system, west-central Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Hydrology","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","usgsCitation":"Delin, G., 1995, Aquifer test in a complex drift aquifer system, west-central Minnesota: Hydrological Science and Technology, v. 11, no. 1-4, p. 1-13.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320975,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","volume":"11","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"572b1d2ce4b0b13d391b445d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delin, G. N.","contributorId":12834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"G. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70068765,"text":"70068765 - 1995 - Water quality and agricultural runoff: monitoring results from two Tennessee hydrologic unit areas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-01-13T12:37:55","indexId":"70068765","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T12:35:06","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3186,"text":"Proceedings of the annual meeting - Tennessee Forage and Grassland Council","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water quality and agricultural runoff: monitoring results from two Tennessee hydrologic unit areas","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the annual meeting - Tennessee Forage and Grassland Council","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Tennessee Forage and Grassland Council","usgsCitation":"Byl, T.D., 1995, Water quality and agricultural runoff: monitoring results from two Tennessee hydrologic unit areas: Proceedings of the annual meeting - Tennessee Forage and Grassland Council, p. 23-28.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"28","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":280878,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -90.3103,34.983 ], [ -90.3103,36.6781 ], [ -81.6469,36.6781 ], [ -81.6469,34.983 ], [ -90.3103,34.983 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd7c1fe4b0b2908510e8a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Byl, Tom D.","contributorId":103173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byl","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":488123,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70244283,"text":"70244283 - 1995 - Geology, hydrology, and mechanics of a slow-moving, clay-rich landslide, Honolulu, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-06-12T17:30:24.477655","indexId":"70244283","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T11:52:06","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Geology, hydrology, and mechanics of a slow-moving, clay-rich landslide, Honolulu, Hawaii","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Alani-Paty landslide has damaged streets, utilities, and homes built on a debris apron in Honolulu, Oahu, Hawaii. Failure of weathered, crudely stratified, highly plastic, debris-apron deposits has created several similar landslides in southeastern Oahu. The Alani-Paty landslide affects about 60 residential lots. It is about 300 m long, 160 m wide, 7-10 m thick, and consists of two main kinematic elements that are separated by a right-lateral shear zone. One element has moved about 4 m, mainly by translation, down a slope of about 12°, and the adjacent element has moved about 3 m down a slope of 9°. Longitudinal stretching in the upslope third and shortening in the downslope two-thirds characterize deformation in each element; landslides in Ohio, Utah, and Colorado have deformed similarly. Smectite-rich clay layers within the deposits are medium to stiff, and measured angles of residual friction range from 6° to 11° with cohesion intercepts less than 12.5 kPa. Saturated hydraulic conductivity within the landslide decreases with depth; below the slip surface, the hydraulic conductivity increases. Rainfall infiltrates at the ground surface, percolates downward and perches on the zone of low hydraulic conductivity near the slip surface, keeping the slide mostly saturated year round. The main body of the landslide moves during rainy periods, when the ten-day average rainfall exceeds 25 mm/day and the pore-water pressures in the upslope quarter of the landslide increase 10-30 kPa. Pore pressure increases within the landslide occur 1-2 days following the onset of rainfall and result from infiltration of rainfall and runoff; after materials above the perennial water table become saturated, downward propagating pressure waves triggered by bursts of intense rainfall produce further, short-lived increases in pore pressure. This elevated pore pressure at the slip surface triggers movement. The ground-water response in the upslope quarter of the landslide is relatively rapid compared to responses in other landslides described in the literature.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Clay and shale slope instability","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/REG10-p79","usgsCitation":"Baum, R.L., and Reid, M.E., 1995, Geology, hydrology, and mechanics of a slow-moving, clay-rich landslide, Honolulu, Hawaii, chap. <i>of</i> Clay and shale slope instability, v. 10, p. 79-106, https://doi.org/10.1130/REG10-p79.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"106","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":418019,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","city":"Honolulu","otherGeospatial":"Manoa Valley, Oahu","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.8184109527665,\n              21.30543555795343\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.80371619605586,\n              21.292522388713877\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.79353005788158,\n              21.303568663893586\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.78818650998676,\n              21.31259176540368\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.78685062301315,\n              21.32488096016111\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.79236115677952,\n              21.329391925400714\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.8184109527665,\n              21.30543555795343\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Haneberg, William C.","contributorId":57121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haneberg","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":875171,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Scott A. 0000-0003-1678-5204 swanderson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1678-5204","contributorId":150073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Scott","email":"swanderson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":875172,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Baum, Rex L. 0000-0001-5337-1970 baum@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-1970","contributorId":1288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baum","given":"Rex","email":"baum@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reid, Mark E. 0000-0002-5595-1503 mreid@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5595-1503","contributorId":1167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reid","given":"Mark","email":"mreid@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":875170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":72637,"text":"wsp2467 - 1995 - Geohydrologic framework, historical development of the ground-water system and general hydrologic and water-quality condiitons in 1990, south San Francisco Bay and peninsula area, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-07-17T10:30:36","indexId":"wsp2467","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T10:28:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2467","title":"Geohydrologic framework, historical development of the ground-water system and general hydrologic and water-quality condiitons in 1990, south San Francisco Bay and peninsula area, California","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of the Interior","publisherLocation":"Sacramento, CA","doi":"10.3133/wsp2467","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Bay Area Water Users Association.","usgsCitation":"Fio, J.L., and Leighton, D.A., 1995, Geohydrologic framework, historical development of the ground-water system and general hydrologic and water-quality condiitons in 1990, south San Francisco Bay and peninsula area, California: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2467, vi, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2467.","productDescription":"vi, 46 p.","numberOfPages":"52","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290351,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -122.5101,36.9442 ], [ -122.5101,37.9279 ], [ -121.8855,37.9279 ], [ -121.8855,36.9442 ], [ -122.5101,36.9442 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53cd5b34e4b0b290850f9d7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fio, John L.","contributorId":77543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fio","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leighton, David A.","contributorId":95493,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leighton","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":285784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199605,"text":"70199605 - 1995 - Applications of the transient tracers tritium/helium-3, and chlorofluorocarbons for tracing and age-dating yound ground water: Field examples from the USA and Germany","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-21T10:07:03","indexId":"70199605","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T10:04:03","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Applications of the transient tracers tritium/helium-3, and chlorofluorocarbons for tracing and age-dating yound ground water: Field examples from the USA and Germany","docAbstract":"<p><span>The transient tracers tritium/helium-3 (</span><sup>3</sup><span>H/</span><sup>3</sup><span>He) and chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113) are well suited for tracing and age-dating young ground water. Their detection in ground water indicates waters recharged within the past 30 (</span><sup>3</sup><span>H/</span><sup>3</sup><span>He, CFC-113) to 50 (CFC-11, CFC-12) years, or ground water mixtures that contain at least a portion of young water. The ground water age can be determined independently from measurements of&nbsp;</span><sup>3</sup><span>H/</span><sup>3</sup><span>He, CFC-11, CFC-12, and CFC-113, and in each case refers to the time elapsed since the recharge water was isolated from the soil air. Ground water age can be used to define recharge rates and refine numerical models of ground water flow. Transient tracers are particularly useful in characterising ground water flow in hydrologic systems where, because of insufficient geologic and hydro-logic data, numerical simulation may be difficult. Transient tracers are also useful in defining movement of ground water contaminants in studies aimed, for example, at the design of strategies to safeguard drinking water supplies.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contaminated soil '95: Soils & environment","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-94-011-0415-9_33","usgsCitation":"Drenkard, S., Plummer, N., Busenberg, E., Schlosser, P., Stute, M., and Dorr, H., 1995, Applications of the transient tracers tritium/helium-3, and chlorofluorocarbons for tracing and age-dating yound ground water: Field examples from the USA and Germany, chap. <i>of</i> Contaminated soil '95: Soils & environment, p. 195-196, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0415-9_33.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"195","endPage":"196","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357612,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110fc4e4b034bf6a8117bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drenkard, S.","contributorId":89292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drenkard","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Plummer, Niel 0000-0002-4020-1013 nplummer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1013","contributorId":190100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plummer","given":"Niel","email":"nplummer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Busenberg, Eurybiades ebusenbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busenberg","given":"Eurybiades","email":"ebusenbe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schlosser, P.","contributorId":106656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schlosser","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stute, M.","contributorId":67234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stute","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dorr, H.","contributorId":208112,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dorr","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70199601,"text":"70199601 - 1995 - Interpreting spatial profiles of concentration in acid mine drainage streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-21T09:45:40","indexId":"70199601","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T09:43:18","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Interpreting spatial profiles of concentration in acid mine drainage streams","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water resources at risk, Denver, Colorado ","language":"English","publisher":"American Institute of Hydrology","publisherLocation":"Minneapolis, Minnesota","usgsCitation":"Broshears, R., Kimball, B.A., and Runkel, R.L., 1995, Interpreting spatial profiles of concentration in acid mine drainage streams, chap. <i>of</i> Water resources at risk, Denver, Colorado , p. 10-21.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"10","endPage":"21","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357611,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110fc5e4b034bf6a8117bf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Hotchkiss, W. R.","contributorId":61820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hotchkiss","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745950,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Downey, J. S.","contributorId":100013,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745951,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gutentag, E. D.","contributorId":70015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutentag","given":"E. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745952,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Broshears, R. E.","contributorId":116495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Broshears","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kimball, Briant A. bkimball@usgs.gov","contributorId":533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kimball","given":"Briant","email":"bkimball@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70199599,"text":"70199599 - 1995 - The value of postaudits in groundwater model applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-21T09:09:37","indexId":"70199599","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T09:08:18","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The value of postaudits in groundwater model applications","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Groundwater models for resources analysis and management ","language":"English","publisher":"Lewis","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, FL","usgsCitation":"Konikow, L.F., 1995, The value of postaudits in groundwater model applications, chap. <i>of</i> Groundwater models for resources analysis and management , p. 59-78.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"78","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357610,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110fc5e4b034bf6a8117c1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70199597,"text":"70199597 - 1995 - Relations between stream temperature discharge, and stream/groundwater interaction along several mountain streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-21T08:45:02","indexId":"70199597","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T08:41:33","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Relations between stream temperature discharge, and stream/groundwater interaction along several mountain streams","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Mountain hydrology","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Ontario, Canada","usgsCitation":"Constantz, J., and Zellweger, G., 1995, Relations between stream temperature discharge, and stream/groundwater interaction along several mountain streams, chap. <i>of</i> Mountain hydrology, p. 79-85.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"79","endPage":"85","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110fc5e4b034bf6a8117c3","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Guy, B.T.","contributorId":208108,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Guy","given":"B.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745937,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bernard, J.","contributorId":178941,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernard","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745938,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Constantz, James jconstan@usgs.gov","contributorId":168431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Constantz","given":"James","email":"jconstan@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zellweger, G.","contributorId":78526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zellweger","given":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199596,"text":"70199596 - 1995 - Occurrence and distribution of pesticides in streams of the Midwestern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-21T08:26:29","indexId":"70199596","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T08:24:03","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Occurrence and distribution of pesticides in streams of the Midwestern United States","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Agrochemical environmental fate: State of the art","language":"English","publisher":"Lewis","publisherLocation":"Boca Raton, FL","usgsCitation":"Goolsby, D.A., and Battaglin, W.A., 1995, Occurrence and distribution of pesticides in streams of the Midwestern United States, chap. <i>of</i> Agrochemical environmental fate: State of the art, p. 159-173.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"173","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357607,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110fc5e4b034bf6a8117c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70199591,"text":"70199591 - 1995 - Isotope tracers on water and solute sources in catchments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-21T08:03:13","indexId":"70199591","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T08:00:18","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Isotope tracers on water and solute sources in catchments","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Solute modelling in catchment systems","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"New York","usgsCitation":"Kendall, C., Sklash, C., and Bullen, T.D., 1995, Isotope tracers on water and solute sources in catchments, chap. <i>of</i> Solute modelling in catchment systems, p. 261-303.","productDescription":"43 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"303","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":357603,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110fc5e4b034bf6a8117c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sklash, C.","contributorId":208098,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sklash","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bullen, Thomas D. 0000-0003-2281-1691 tdbullen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2281-1691","contributorId":1969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"Thomas","email":"tdbullen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":745914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70198687,"text":"70198687 - 1995 - Transport of reacting solutes in rivers and streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-15T07:12:51","indexId":"70198687","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T07:10:55","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Transport of reacting solutes in rivers and streams","docAbstract":"<p><span>In this chapter we discuss the major processes affecting solutes in rivers and streams. Here a&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">solute</i><span>&nbsp;is generally defined as any substance or entity that is transported downstream by the flowing waters. Under this definition, solutes may be pollutants, such as pesticides and hydrocarbons, or naturally occurring substances such as dissolved gases, nutrients, and trace elements. Study of the processes affecting solutes is an important undertaking, as pollutants may pose a threat to public health when the affected waterbody is used as a water supply or for recreational purposes. Another important issue is the effect of pollutants on the aquatic organisms that inhabit the stream ecosystem.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental hydrology","language":"English","publisher":"Springer, Dordrecht ","doi":"10.1007/978-94-017-1439-6_5","usgsCitation":"Runkel, R.L., and Bencala, K.E., 1995, Transport of reacting solutes in rivers and streams, chap. <i>of</i> Environmental hydrology, v. 15, p. 137-164, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1439-6_5.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"164","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":356465,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5c110fc5e4b034bf6a8117c9","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Singh, Vijay P.","contributorId":176741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Singh","given":"Vijay","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":742579,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":742577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bencala, Kenneth E. kbencala@usgs.gov","contributorId":1541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbencala@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":742578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70175232,"text":"70175232 - 1995 - The role of climate in estuarine variability","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-14T16:02:06.885493","indexId":"70175232","displayToPublicDate":"1995-01-01T04:00:00","publicationYear":"1995","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":743,"text":"American Scientist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of climate in estuarine variability","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society","usgsCitation":"Peterson, D.H., Cayan, D., DiLeo, J., Noble, M., and Dettinger, M., 1995, The role of climate in estuarine variability: American Scientist, v. 83, no. 1, p. 58-67.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"58","endPage":"67","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326000,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a1c434e4b006cb45552c51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, D. H.","contributorId":92229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cayan, D.","contributorId":49563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cayan","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DiLeo, J.","contributorId":173381,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DiLeo","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Noble, M.","contributorId":15340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dettinger, M. 0000-0002-7509-7332","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-7332","contributorId":78909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dettinger","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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