{"pageNumber":"431","pageRowStart":"10750","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184800,"records":[{"id":70231551,"text":"70231551 - 2022 - Aquatic vegetation dynamics in the Upper Mississippi River over 2 decades spanning vegetation recovery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-13T11:47:38.827389","indexId":"70231551","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-18T06:43:50","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1699,"text":"Freshwater Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aquatic vegetation dynamics in the Upper Mississippi River over 2 decades spanning vegetation recovery","docAbstract":"<div class=\"hlFld-Abstract\"><div class=\"abstractSection abstractInFull\"><p>Macrophytes have recovered in rivers across the world, but long-term data and studies are lacking regarding community assembly and diversity changes coincident with macrophyte recovery. We investigated patterns of aquatic vegetation species composition and diversity in thousands of sites in the Upper Mississippi River, USA, spanning 21 y of monitoring and a period of vegetation recovery. We analyzed site-level compositional dissimilarity and environmental associations using non-metric multidimensional scaling, compared stability of lake-level assemblages over time with convex hulls, and assessed shared trends in assemblage dissimilarity at the pool scale using dynamic factor analysis. Site-level differences in aquatic vegetation assemblage structure were associated with water depth and substrate, and a gradient of species abundance and diversity was apparent. A common trend in assemblage dissimilarity over time and across contiguous floodplain lakes indicate that assemblage composition changed and diversity increased with considerable synchrony within the past 21 y. Shared trends across the 400-km study reach are indicative of 1 or more widespread, common drivers; however, neither hydrologic extremes nor turbidity explained vegetation assemblage patterns. Following several years of strong changes in composition and increased diversity, the vegetation assemblage displayed signs of increasing stability in some pools but not others. Further research is needed to identify drivers and mechanisms of aquatic vegetation assemblage expansion, assembly, and resilience, all of which will be applicable to the recovery of aquatic vegetation in floodplain systems worldwide.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"The University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/717867","usgsCitation":"Bouska, K.L., Larson, D.M., Drake, D.C., Lund, E.M., Carhart, A., and Bales, K.R., 2022, Aquatic vegetation dynamics in the Upper Mississippi River over 2 decades spanning vegetation recovery: Freshwater Science, v. 41, no. 1, p. 33-44, https://doi.org/10.1086/717867.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"44","ipdsId":"IP-126471","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400622,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":842999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larson, Danelle M. 0000-0001-6349-6267","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6349-6267","contributorId":228838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Danelle","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":843000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Drake, Deanne C.","contributorId":207846,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Drake","given":"Deanne","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":843001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lund, Eric M.","contributorId":291763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lund","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6964,"text":"Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":843002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carhart, Alicia M.","contributorId":291764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carhart","given":"Alicia M.","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":843003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bales, Kyle R.","contributorId":291765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bales","given":"Kyle","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":24495,"text":"Iowa Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":843004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70226893,"text":"70226893 - 2022 - Directional selection shifts trait distributions of planted species in dryland restoration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-28T16:31:35.115055","indexId":"70226893","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-18T06:28:51","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2242,"text":"Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Directional selection shifts trait distributions of planted species in dryland restoration","docAbstract":"<ol class=\"\"><li>The match between species trait values and local abiotic filters can restrict community membership. An often-implicit assumption of this relationship is that abiotic filters select for a single locally optimal strategy, though difficulty in isolating effects of the abiotic environment from those of dispersal limitation and biotic interactions has resulted in few empirical tests of this assumption. Similar constraints have made it difficult to assess whether the type and intensity of abiotic filters shift along gradients of environmental harshness, as predicted by the stress-dominance hypothesis.</li><li>We planted 9,216 plants of 29 perennial grass and forb species that had a range of functional trait values and were assigned to a warm, intermediate or cool temperature tolerance pool across eight sites on the Colorado Plateau. We compared the distributions of traits of surviving individuals to null distributions to evaluate whether there were shifts in trait means and variation. Borrowing from phenotypic selection concepts in evolutionary biology, we assessed support for stabilizing, directional and disruptive abiotic filtering of trait distributions and whether these types of filtering varied with initial species pool.</li><li>Functional composition was significantly different from null distributions for nearly all traits at all sites, with trait variation more restricted in harsher abiotic conditions, supporting the stress-dominance hypothesis. Contrary to expectations, we primarily found evidence for directional selection, which increased in frequency in warm species pools while disruptive selection was found more often in cool and intermediate species pools.</li><li><i>Synthesis</i>. This study provides a controlled experimental approach to test the effect of the abiotic environment on plant trait filtering. We found that opportunistic strategies allowing for rapid water acquisition during favourable periods improved survival at warmer sites. Species with these strategies may be expected to benefit from increasing aridity and may be selected for active management efforts. More generally, the prevalence of directional selection may have important implications for dynamic vegetation models that rely on trait distributions for translating environmental variation into ecosystem processes.</li></ol>","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2745.13816","usgsCitation":"Balazs, K.R., Munson, S.M., Havrilla, C.A., and Butterfield, B.J., 2022, Directional selection shifts trait distributions of planted species in dryland restoration: Journal of Ecology, v. 110, no. 3, p. 540-552, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13816.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"540","endPage":"552","ipdsId":"IP-126175","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449538,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"text":"External Repository"},{"id":393088,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Balazs, Kathleen R.","contributorId":223214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balazs","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":24810,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Havrilla, Caroline Ann 0000-0003-3913-0980","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3913-0980","contributorId":228882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Havrilla","given":"Caroline","email":"","middleInitial":"Ann","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Butterfield, Bradley J. 0000-0003-0974-9811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0974-9811","contributorId":167009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butterfield","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24591,"text":"Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research and Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70228080,"text":"70228080 - 2022 - A science agenda to inform natural resource management decisions in an era of ecological transformation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-04T14:15:37.916541","indexId":"70228080","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-17T07:27:26","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A science agenda to inform natural resource management decisions in an era of ecological transformation","docAbstract":"<p class=\"chapter-para\">Earth is experiencing widespread ecological transformation in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems that is attributable to directional environmental changes, especially intensifying climate change. To better steward ecosystems facing unprecedented and lasting change, a new management paradigm is forming, supported by a decision-oriented framework that presents three distinct management choices: resist, accept, or direct the ecological trajectory. To make these choices strategically, managers seek to understand the nature of the transformation that could occur if change is accepted while identifying opportunities to intervene to resist or direct change. In this article, we seek to inspire a research agenda for transformation science that is focused on ecological and social science and based on five central questions that align with the resist–accept–direct (RAD) framework. Development of transformation science is needed to apply the RAD framework and support natural resource management and conservation on our rapidly changing planet.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biab102","usgsCitation":"Crausbay, S., Sofaer, H., Cravens, A.E., Chaffin, B.C., Clifford, K.R., Gross, J.E., Knapp, C.N., Lawrence, D.J., Magness, D., Miller-Rushing, A.J., Schuurman, G.W., and Stevens-Rumann, C.S., 2022, A science agenda to inform natural resource management decisions in an era of ecological transformation: BioScience, v. 72, no. 1, p. 71-90, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biab102.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"71","endPage":"90","ipdsId":"IP-130225","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research 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0000-0002-0271-7967 aecravens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0271-7967","contributorId":196752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cravens","given":"Amanda","email":"aecravens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chaffin, Brian C.","contributorId":189131,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chaffin","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clifford, Katherine R. 0000-0002-1385-8765","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1385-8765","contributorId":259886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clifford","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gross, John E.","contributorId":106777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gross","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Knapp, Corrine N.","contributorId":270993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knapp","given":"Corrine","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":36628,"text":"University of Wyoming","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Lawrence, David J","contributorId":242819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawrence","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Magness, Dawn","contributorId":147692,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magness","given":"Dawn","affiliations":[{"id":16903,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Kenai National Wildlife Refuge, Soldotna, AK, 99669, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Miller-Rushing, Abraham J.","contributorId":149650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller-Rushing","given":"Abraham","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7237,"text":"NPS, Olympic National Park","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Schuurman, Gregor W. 0000-0002-9304-7742","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9304-7742","contributorId":147698,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schuurman","given":"Gregor","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":16909,"text":"U.S. National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science, Fort Collins, CO, 80525, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Stevens-Rumann, Camille S.","contributorId":274486,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stevens-Rumann","given":"Camille","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":56622,"text":"Forest Restoration Institute, Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70227288,"text":"70227288 - 2022 - RAD adaptive management for transforming ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T13:28:56.204992","indexId":"70227288","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-17T07:24:46","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":997,"text":"BioScience","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"RAD adaptive management for transforming ecosystems","docAbstract":"<p class=\"chapter-para\">Intensifying global change is propelling many ecosystems toward irreversible transformations. Natural resource managers face the complex task of conserving these important resources under unprecedented conditions and expanding uncertainty. As once familiar ecological conditions disappear, traditional management approaches that assume the future will reflect the past are becoming increasingly untenable. In the present article, we place adaptive management within the resist–accept–direct (RAD) framework to assist informed risk taking for transforming ecosystems. This approach empowers managers to use familiar techniques associated with adaptive management in the unfamiliar territory of ecosystem transformation. By providing a common lexicon, it gives decision makers agency to revisit objectives, consider new system trajectories, and discuss RAD strategies in relation to current system state and direction of change. Operationalizing RAD adaptive management requires periodic review and update of management actions and objectives; monitoring, experimentation, and pilot studies; and bet hedging to better identify and tolerate associated risks.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biab091","usgsCitation":"Lynch, A., Thompson, L., Morton, J., Beever, E.A., Clifford, M., Limpinsel, D., Magill, R.T., Magness, D.R., Melvin, T.A., Newman, R.A., Porath, M., Rahel, F.J., Reynolds, J.H., Schuurman, G.W., Sethi, S., and Wilkening, J.L., 2022, RAD adaptive management for transforming ecosystems: BioScience, v. 1, no. 72, p. 45-56, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biab091.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"56","ipdsId":"IP-126735","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science 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0000-0002-7884-6001","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7884-6001","contributorId":207364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":830289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morton, John M.","contributorId":245969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morton","given":"John M.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Beever, Erik A. 0000-0002-9369-486X ebeever@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-486X","contributorId":2934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beever","given":"Erik","email":"ebeever@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":830291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clifford, Michael","contributorId":197077,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clifford","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Limpinsel, Douglas","contributorId":266193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Limpinsel","given":"Douglas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38698,"text":"NOAA Fisheries","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Magill, Robert T.","contributorId":266194,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magill","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":12922,"text":"Arizona Game and Fish 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Colorado, Boulder, Dept. Ecology & Evol.Biol., PhD Student","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}}
,{"id":70230113,"text":"70230113 - 2022 - Mercury exposure of tidal marsh songbirds in the northeastern United States and its association with nest survival","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-30T16:23:17.561463","indexId":"70230113","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-16T11:13:35","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1479,"text":"Ecotoxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury exposure of tidal marsh songbirds in the northeastern United States and its association with nest survival","docAbstract":"<p><span>The biogeochemistry of tidal marsh sediments facilitates the transformation of mercury (Hg) into the biologically available form methylmercury (MeHg), resulting in elevated Hg exposures to tidal marsh wildlife. Saltmarsh and Acadian Nelson’s sparrows (</span><i>Ammospiza caudacutua</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>A. nelsoni subvirgatus</i><span>, respectively) exclusively inhabit tidal marshes, potentially experiencing elevated risk to Hg exposure, and have experienced range-wide population declines. To characterize spatial and temporal variation of Hg exposure in these species, we sampled total mercury (THg) in blood collected from 9 populations spanning 560 km of coastline, including individuals resampled within and among years. Using concurrent nesting studies, we tested whether THg was correlated with nest survival probabilities, an index of fecundity. Blood THg ranged from 0.074–3.373 µg/g ww across 170 samples from 127 individuals. We detected high spatial variability in Hg exposure, observing differences of more than 45-fold across all individuals and 8-fold in mean blood THg among all study plots, including 4-fold between study plots within 4 km. Intraindividual changes in blood Hg exposure did not vary systematically in time but were considerable, varying by up to 2-fold within and among years. Controlling for both species differences and maximum water level, the dominant driver of fecundity in this system, nest survival probability decreased by 10% across the full range of female blood THg concentrations observed. We conclude that Hg has the potential to impair songbird reproduction, potentially exacerbating known climate-change driven population declines from sea-level rise in saltmarsh and Acadian Nelson’s sparrows.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-021-02488-1","usgsCitation":"Ruskin, K.J., Herring, G., Eagles-Smith, C., Eiklor, A.B., Elphick, C.S., Etterson, M.A., Field, C.B., Longnecker, R.A., Kovach, A.I., Shriver, W.G., Walsh, J.F., and Olsen, B., 2022, Mercury exposure of tidal marsh songbirds in the northeastern United States and its association with nest survival: Ecotoxicology, v. 31, p. 208-220, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-021-02488-1.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"208","endPage":"220","ipdsId":"IP-127238","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science 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0000-0002-6791-0610","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6791-0610","contributorId":218939,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kovach","given":"Adrienne","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":12667,"text":"University of New Hampshire","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Shriver, W Greg","contributorId":289393,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shriver","given":"W","email":"","middleInitial":"Greg","affiliations":[{"id":13359,"text":"University of Delaware","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Walsh, James F.","contributorId":214333,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walsh","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Olsen, Brian J.","contributorId":272508,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olsen","given":"Brian J.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}}
,{"id":70234215,"text":"70234215 - 2022 - Apparent age dependence of the fault weakening distance in rock friction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-03T12:12:11.351725","indexId":"70234215","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-15T07:10:44","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Apparent age dependence of the fault weakening distance in rock friction","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>During rock friction experiments at large displacement, room temperature and humidity, and following a hold test, the fracture energy increases approximately as the square of the logarithm of hold duration. While it's been long known that failure strength increases with log hold time, here the slip weakening distance,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>d</i><sub><i>h</i></sub>, also increases. The weakening distance increase is large, hundreds of percent change over a few thousand seconds. The initial bare surface and simulated fault gouge experiments were conducted in rotary shear at 25&nbsp;MPa normal stress, 21&nbsp;MPa confining stress and at displacements greater than 100&nbsp;mm. In contrast, initially bare surface experiments at 5&nbsp;MPa normal stress, unconfined at displacements less than 10&nbsp;mm show effectively no change in<span>&nbsp;</span><i>d</i><sub><i>h</i></sub>. We attribute the difference to the presence of an appreciable shear zone that develops due to wear over significant displacements, confined at elevated normal stress. Prior published studies of sheared simulated fault gouge at short displacement show both acknowledged and unacknowledged increases in<span>&nbsp;</span><i>d</i><sub><i>h</i></sub><span>&nbsp;</span>that may relate to our observations. Since natural faults have well-developed shear zones, the observations have more direct relevance to earthquake nucleation than prior laboratory studies that use short displacement data and focus on frictional strength recovery alone. However, the physics underlying this increase in weakening distance are not known; candidates are compaction (Nakatani, 1998) and delocalization (Sleep et&nbsp;al., 2000). Additional caveats are that these are room temperature and humidity experiments, at a single normal stress that have not yet been reproduced in other laboratories.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2021JB022772","usgsCitation":"Beeler, N.M., Rubin, A., Bhattacharya, P., Kilgore, B.D., and Tullis, T., 2022, Apparent age dependence of the fault weakening distance in rock friction: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 127, e2021JB022772, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JB022772.","productDescription":"e2021JB022772, 32 p.","ipdsId":"IP-098151","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449546,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jb022772","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":404748,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"127","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeler, Nicholas M. 0000-0002-3397-8481 nbeeler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-8481","contributorId":2682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeler","given":"Nicholas","email":"nbeeler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":848195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rubin, Allan","contributorId":294514,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rubin","given":"Allan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6644,"text":"Princeton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":848196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bhattacharya, Path","contributorId":294515,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bhattacharya","given":"Path","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":63583,"text":"NISER","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":848197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kilgore, Brian D. 0000-0003-0530-7979 bkilgore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0530-7979","contributorId":3887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilgore","given":"Brian","email":"bkilgore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":848198,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tullis, Terry","contributorId":194801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tullis","given":"Terry","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":848199,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70265770,"text":"70265770 - 2022 - New insights on faulting and intrusion processes during the June 2007, East Rift Zone eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawai'i","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-16T13:17:34.472644","indexId":"70265770","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2499,"text":"Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New insights on faulting and intrusion processes during the June 2007, East Rift Zone eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawai'i","docAbstract":"<p><span>The East Rift Zone (ERZ) of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i, represents one of the most volcanically active regions in the world. The 2007 Father's Day (FD) dike intrusion, eruption, and accompanying slow-slip event (SSE) has been previously modeled using geodetic data to constrain the geometry of the intrusion and the timing and magnitude of the SSE. Here, we perform inversions of three interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) datasets and a new intensity offset tracking dataset to assess the effect of integrating intensity cross-correlation offsets into inversion problems and explore additional potential models for the intrusion geometry of the FD event based on this additional data. The overall lowest misfit single Okada model for all datasets opens 2.3&nbsp;m, strikes 73 degrees while dipping sub-vertically at 83 degrees, and extends approximately 2.9&nbsp;km to the ENE and 2.4&nbsp;km downdip. The differences are minor between complex en-echelon distributed Okada and decollement model of (Montgomery-Brown et al., 2010) or 3D-MBEM breaching models including multiple surface breaches and free-slipping decollement movement. Finally, we examine the static Coulomb stress changes for the proposed decollement fault created by our preferred model and a representative model of deep rift opening and find that deep rift zones dilation, not shallow ERZ intrusions, are likely modulating slip on the decollement.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107425","usgsCitation":"Leeburn, J., Wauthier, C., Montgomery-Brown, E.K., and Gonzalez-Santana, J., 2022, New insights on faulting and intrusion processes during the June 2007, East Rift Zone eruption of Kilauea volcano, Hawai'i: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 421, 107425, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107425.","productDescription":"107425, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125424","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488262,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107425","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":484584,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kilauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.2908512348302,\n              19.41341967491155\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.2908512348302,\n              19.401793724963014\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.27525765813795,\n              19.401793724963014\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.27525765813795,\n              19.41341967491155\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.2908512348302,\n              19.41341967491155\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"421","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leeburn, J.","contributorId":353406,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leeburn","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6975,"text":"Penn State","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wauthier, C.","contributorId":353409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wauthier","given":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":6975,"text":"Penn State","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Montgomery-Brown, Emily K. 0000-0001-6787-2055","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6787-2055","contributorId":214074,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Montgomery-Brown","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":933491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gonzalez-Santana, J.","contributorId":353412,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gonzalez-Santana","given":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6975,"text":"Penn State","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":933492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70226477,"text":"70226477 - 2022 - Local variations in broadband sensor installations: Orientations, sensitivities, and noise levels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-25T17:16:42.963846","indexId":"70226477","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-11T07:23:46","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3208,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Local variations in broadband sensor installations: Orientations, sensitivities, and noise levels","docAbstract":"<div id=\"Abs1-section\" class=\"c-article-section\"><div id=\"Abs1-content\" class=\"c-article-section__content\"><p>As seismologists continue to place more stringent demands on data quality, accurately described metadata are becoming increasingly important. In order to better constrain the orientation and sensitivities of seismometers deployed in U.S. Geological Survey networks, the Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory (ASL) has recently begun identifying true north with a fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) and has developed methodologies to constrain mid-band, vertical component sensitivity levels to less than 1% in a controlled environment. However, questions remain regarding the accuracy of this new alignment technique as well as if instrument sensitivities and background noise levels are stable when the seismometers are installed in different environmental settings. In this study, we examine the stability and repeatability of these parameters by reinstalling two high-quality broadband seismometers (Streckeisen STS-2.5 and Nanometrics T-360 Global Seismographic Network (GSN) version) at different locations around the ASL and comparing them to each other and a reference STS-6 seismometer that stayed stationary for the duration of the experiment. We find that even in different environmental conditions, the sensitivities of the two broadband seismometers stayed stable to within 0.1% and that orientations attained using the FOG are generally accurate to within a degree. However, one install was off by 5° due to a mistake made by the installation team. These results indicate that while technology and methodologies are now in place to calibrate and orient a seismometer to within 1°, human error both during the installation and while producing the metadata is often a limiting factor. Finally, we find that background noise levels at short periods (0.1–1&nbsp;s) become noisier when the sensors are emplaced in unconsolidated materials, whereas the noise levels at long periods (30–100&nbsp;s) are not sensitive to local geological structure on the vertical components.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/S00024-021-02895-9","usgsCitation":"Ringler, A.T., and Anthony, R.E., 2022, Local variations in broadband sensor installations: Orientations, sensitivities, and noise levels: Pure and Applied Geophysics, v. 179, p. 217-231, https://doi.org/10.1007/S00024-021-02895-9.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"217","endPage":"231","ipdsId":"IP-132445","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449548,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-021-02895-9","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":391912,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"179","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ringler, Adam T. 0000-0002-9839-4188 aringler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-4188","contributorId":3946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Adam","email":"aringler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anthony, Robert 0000-0001-7089-8846 reanthony@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7089-8846","contributorId":202829,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anthony","given":"Robert","email":"reanthony@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70226473,"text":"70226473 - 2022 - An evaluation of the timing accuracy of global and regional seismic stations and networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-06T17:31:51.70211","indexId":"70226473","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-10T07:36:44","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of the timing accuracy of global and regional seismic stations and networks","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>Clock accuracy is a basic parameter of any seismic station and has become increasingly important for seismology as the community seeks to refine structures and dynamic processes of the Earth. In this study, we measure the arrival time differences of moderate repeating earthquakes with magnitude 5.0–5.9 in the time range of 1991–2017 at the same seismic stations by cross‐correlating their highly similar waveforms and thereby identify potential timing errors from the outliers of the measurements. The method has very high precision of about 10&nbsp;ms and shows great potential to be used for routine inspection of the timing accuracy of historical and future digital seismic data. Here, we report 5131 probable cases of timing errors from 451 global and regional stations available from the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology Data Management Center, ranging from several tens of milliseconds to over 10&nbsp;s. Clock accuracy seems to be a prevailing problem in permanent stations with long‐running histories. Although most of the timing errors have already been tagged with low timing quality, there are quite a few exceptions, which call for greater attention from network operators and the seismological community. In addition, seismic studies, especially those on temporal changes of the Earth’s media from absolute arrival times, should be careful to avoid misinterpreting timing errors as temporal changes, which is indeed a problem in some previous studies of the Earth’s inner core boundary.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220210232","usgsCitation":"Yang, Y., Song, X., and Ringler, A.T., 2022, An evaluation of the timing accuracy of global and regional seismic stations and networks: Seismological Research Letters, v. 93, no. 1, p. 161-172, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220210232.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"172","ipdsId":"IP-133453","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391915,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yang, Ying","contributorId":146330,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Ying","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16673,"text":"Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Song, Xiaodong","contributorId":269403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Song","given":"Xiaodong","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55969,"text":"Institute of Theoretical and Applied Geophysics, Peking University, Beijing, China; Hebei Hongshan Geophysical National Observation and Research Station, Peking University, Beijing, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ringler, Adam T. 0000-0002-9839-4188 aringler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-4188","contributorId":3946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ringler","given":"Adam","email":"aringler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70226614,"text":"70226614 - 2022 - Riverscape approaches in practice: Perspectives and applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-15T16:16:03.600707","indexId":"70226614","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-10T06:49:44","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1023,"text":"Biological Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Riverscape approaches in practice: Perspectives and applications","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Landscape perspectives in riverine ecology have been undertaken increasingly in the last 30 years, leading aquatic ecologists to develop a diverse set of approaches for conceptualizing, mapping and understanding ‘riverscapes’. Spatiotemporally explicit perspectives of rivers and their biota nested within the socio-ecological landscape now provide guiding principles and approaches in inland fisheries and watershed management. During the last two decades, scientific literature on riverscapes has increased rapidly, indicating that the term and associated approaches are serving an important purpose in freshwater science and management. We trace the origins and theoretical foundations of riverscape perspectives and approaches and examine trends in the published literature to assess the state of the science and demonstrate how they are being applied to address recent challenges in the management of riverine ecosystems. We focus on approaches for studying and visualizing rivers and streams with remote sensing, modelling and sampling designs that enable pattern detection as seen from above (e.g. river channel, floodplain, and riparian areas) but also into the water itself (e.g. aquatic organisms and the aqueous environment). Key concepts from landscape ecology that are central to riverscape approaches are heterogeneity, scale (resolution, extent and scope) and connectivity (structural and functional), which underpin spatial and temporal aspects of study design, data collection and analysis. Mapping of physical and biological characteristics of rivers and floodplains with high-resolution, spatially intensive techniques improves understanding of the causes and ecological consequences of spatial patterns at multiple scales. This information is crucial for managing river ecosystems, especially for the successful implementation of conservation, restoration and monitoring programs. Recent advances in remote sensing, field-sampling approaches and geospatial technology are making it increasingly feasible to collect high-resolution data over larger scales in space and time. We highlight challenges and opportunities and discuss future avenues of research with emerging tools that can potentially help to overcome obstacles to collecting, analysing and displaying these data. This synthesis is intended to help researchers and resource managers understand and apply these concepts and approaches to address real-world problems in freshwater management.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/brv.12810","usgsCitation":"Torgersen, C.E., Le Pichon, C., Fullerton, A.H., Dugdale, S.J., Duda, J.J., Giovannini, F., Tales, E., Belliard, J., Branco, P., Bergeron, N.E., Roy, M.L., Tonolla, D., Lamouroux, N., Capra, H., and Baxter, C.V., 2022, Riverscape approaches in practice: Perspectives and applications: Biological Reviews, v. 97, no. 2, p. 481-504, https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12810.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"481","endPage":"504","ipdsId":"IP-126568","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449553,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-03523099","text":"External Repository"},{"id":392293,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Torgersen, Christian E. 0000-0001-8325-2737 ctorgersen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-2737","contributorId":146935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torgersen","given":"Christian","email":"ctorgersen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Le Pichon, Celine","contributorId":177136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Le Pichon","given":"Celine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fullerton, Aimee H.","contributorId":146936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fullerton","given":"Aimee","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12641,"text":"NOAA NMFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dugdale, Stephen J.","contributorId":269592,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dugdale","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":56000,"text":"School of Geography, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Duda, Jeffrey J. 0000-0001-7431-8634 jduda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7431-8634","contributorId":148954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duda","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jduda@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Giovannini, Floriane","contributorId":269593,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giovannini","given":"Floriane","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56001,"text":"INRAE, DRISE (Department of Research, Economic Intelligence, Strategy and Evaluation), 1 rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Tales, Evelyne","contributorId":177137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tales","given":"Evelyne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Belliard, Jerome","contributorId":177138,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belliard","given":"Jerome","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Branco, Paulo","contributorId":269594,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Branco","given":"Paulo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56002,"text":"Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bergeron, Normand E.","contributorId":173374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bergeron","given":"Normand","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":27216,"text":"INRS, Quebec","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Roy, Mathieu L.","contributorId":269595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roy","given":"Mathieu","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":56004,"text":"INRS (Institut national de la recherche scientifique), Centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec (Québec) G1K 9A9, Canada","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Tonolla, Diego","contributorId":150694,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tonolla","given":"Diego","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5097,"text":"University of Montana, Division of Biological Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Lamouroux, Nicolas","contributorId":269596,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lamouroux","given":"Nicolas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56005,"text":"INRAE, UR RIVERLY, 5 rue de la Doua, BP 32108, 69616 Villeurbanne Cedex, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Capra, Herve","contributorId":269597,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Capra","given":"Herve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56005,"text":"INRAE, UR RIVERLY, 5 rue de la Doua, BP 32108, 69616 Villeurbanne Cedex, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":827505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Baxter, Colden V.","contributorId":172293,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baxter","given":"Colden","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":827506,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}}
,{"id":70233545,"text":"70233545 - 2022 - Time to get real with qPCR controls: The frequency of sample contamination and the informative power of negative controls in environmental DNA studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-25T12:03:52.68174","indexId":"70233545","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-09T07:00:18","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2776,"text":"Molecular Ecology Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Time to get real with qPCR controls: The frequency of sample contamination and the informative power of negative controls in environmental DNA studies","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Environmental (e)DNA methods have enabled rapid, sensitive and specific inferences of taxa presence throughout diverse fields of ecological study. However, use of eDNA results for decision-making has been impeded by uncertainties associated with false positive tests putatively caused by sporadic or systemic contamination. Sporadic contamination is a process that is inconsistent across samples and systemic contamination occurs consistently over a group of samples. Here, we used empirical data and laboratory experiments to (i) estimate the sporadic contamination rate for each stage of a common, targeted eDNA workflow employing best practice quality control measures under simulated conditions of rare and common target DNA presence, (ii) determine the rate at which negative controls (i.e., “blanks”) detect varying concentrations of systemic contamination, and (iii) estimate the effort that would be required to consistently detect sporadic and systemic contamination. Sporadic contamination rates were very low across all eDNA workflow steps, and, therefore, an intractably high number of negative controls (&gt;100) would be required to determine occurrence of sporadic contamination with any certainty. Contrarily, detection of intentionally introduced systemic contamination was more consistent; therefore, very few negative controls (&lt;5) would be needed to consistently alert to systemic contamination. These results have considerable implications to eDNA study design when resources for sample analyses are constrained.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1755-0998.13549","usgsCitation":"Hutchins, P., Simantel, L.N., and Sepulveda, A., 2022, Time to get real with qPCR controls: The frequency of sample contamination and the informative power of negative controls in environmental DNA studies: Molecular Ecology Resources, v. 22, no. 4, p. 1319-1329, https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13549.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1319","endPage":"1329","ipdsId":"IP-130308","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436040,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P94UHEPJ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Quantitative polymerase chain reaction detection data for controlled DNA contamination experiments"},{"id":404414,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-12-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hutchins, Patrick Ross 0000-0001-5232-0821","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5232-0821","contributorId":256658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutchins","given":"Patrick Ross","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":847377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Simantel, Leah Nicole 0000-0003-0256-8858","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0256-8858","contributorId":293596,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simantel","given":"Leah","email":"","middleInitial":"Nicole","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":847379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sepulveda, Adam 0000-0001-7621-7028 asepulveda@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7621-7028","contributorId":4187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sepulveda","given":"Adam","email":"asepulveda@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":847378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70229158,"text":"70229158 - 2022 - Proportions, timing, and re-equilibration progress during the 1959 Summit Eruption of Kīlauea: An example of magma mixing processes operating during OIB petrogenesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-01T12:45:14.255925","indexId":"70229158","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-04T06:42:50","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2420,"text":"Journal of Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Proportions, timing, and re-equilibration progress during the 1959 Summit Eruption of Kīlauea: An example of magma mixing processes operating during OIB petrogenesis","docAbstract":"<p class=\"chapter-para\">Petrographic and chemical analysis of scoria samples collected during the 1959 Kīlauea summit eruption illustrates the progress of thermal and chemical homogenization of the melts, and the gradual growth and/or re-equilibration of olivine phenocrysts, over the course of the eruption. Glass compositions show that thermal equilibration was largely complete within the span of the eruption, whereas chemical homogenization was a work in progress. The olivine phenocryst population, known to contain conspicuous antecrystic components, is also hybrid within the euhedral population. The bulk of the olivine reached the level of the erupting magma on November 18–19, 1959. Zoning patterns in olivine phenocrysts show that initially unzoned grains developed normal zoning by the end of the eruption. Reverse zoning in relatively Fe-rich olivine phenocrysts (interpreted as cognate to the stored magma) was progressively eliminated from November 21 to December 19, 1959, by diffusive re-equilibration between crystals and melt. Toward the end of the eruption, the only olivine composition in direct contact with the melt was Fo<sub>84–86</sub>, with the original rim compositional heterogeneity gone in 4–5&nbsp;weeks’ time. Activity in December 1959 differed from that in November, as high fountaining events were more closely spaced and almost all samples were picritic, with bulk MgO ≥16·5&nbsp;wt%. Three different levels were in play during the 1959 eruption: a deep source for high-MgO melts and forsteritic (Fo<sub>87–89</sub>) olivines, an intermediate source for the bulk of the stored magma, and a shallower source for the most differentiated magma. This model is consistent with geophysical, petrological and chemical observations. Comparison of the 1959 eruption with results from older explosive deposits suggests that stored and recharge melts and olivine from the deeper parts of Kīlauea’s plumbing are similar in composition to those observed or inferred in the 1959 eruption, so they behave similarly during extrusive and explosive periods alike.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/petrology/egab091","usgsCitation":"Helz, R.L., 2022, Proportions, timing, and re-equilibration progress during the 1959 Summit Eruption of Kīlauea: An example of magma mixing processes operating during OIB petrogenesis: Journal of Petrology, v. 63, no. 1, egab091, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egab091.","productDescription":"egab091, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-118456","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396590,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Kīlauea volcano","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -155.35354614257812,\n              19.361680514501174\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.17364501953125,\n              19.361680514501174\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.17364501953125,\n              19.467887015196908\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.35354614257812,\n              19.467887015196908\n            ],\n            [\n              -155.35354614257812,\n              19.361680514501174\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"63","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helz, Rosalind L. 0000-0003-1550-0684 rhelz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1550-0684","contributorId":1952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helz","given":"Rosalind","email":"rhelz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":836801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70263655,"text":"70263655 - 2022 - Reply to “comment on ‘which earthquake accounts matter?’ by Susan E. Hough and Stacey S. Martin” by David J. Wald","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-02-19T15:39:24.335368","indexId":"70263655","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-03T09:36:39","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reply to “comment on ‘which earthquake accounts matter?’ by Susan E. Hough and Stacey S. Martin” by David J. Wald","docAbstract":"<p><span>We thank David Wald (</span><a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"rf22\">Wald, 2021</a><span>; henceforth, W21) for his interest in our recent article (</span><a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"rf11\">Hough and Martin, 2021</a><span>; henceforth, HM21). Although different perspectives are vital in science, we are concerned that W21 misrepresents HM21 as an oblique criticism of the U.S. Geological Survey “Did You Feel It?” (DYFI) system, calling for HM21 to be retracted. Readers who are interested in the issues raised by HM21 and the statements made by us therein are referred to that article. In this brief reply, we respond to specific accusations made by W21 and return to the focus of HM21, calling attention to the extent to which macroseismic data sets and inferences drawn from them can be shaped by a lack of representation among individuals whose observations are available to science. HM21 never questioned the benefits of the community science DYFI project to science. HM21 noted, however, and we reiterate here, that community science also potentially benefits the community. Whether or not it matters for science, if participation in community science projects is unrepresentative across socioeconomic groups, it underscores the need for the scientific community to be proactive in its efforts to reach out to groups that have been underserved by current outreach and education programs. We appreciate this opportunity to continue the important conversation about representation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220210142","usgsCitation":"Hough, S.E., and Martin, S.S., 2022, Reply to “comment on ‘which earthquake accounts matter?’ by Susan E. Hough and Stacey S. Martin” by David J. Wald: Seismological Research Letters, v. 93, no. 1, p. 506-511, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220210142.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"506","endPage":"511","ipdsId":"IP-130640","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482212,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hough, Susan E. 0000-0002-5980-2986","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-2986","contributorId":263442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":927675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martin, Stacey S.","contributorId":140021,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martin","given":"Stacey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":5110,"text":"Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":927676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70226803,"text":"70226803 - 2022 - A simple low-cost approach for transport parameter determination in mountain rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-25T17:30:19.88713","indexId":"70226803","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-03T08:37:42","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A simple low-cost approach for transport parameter determination in mountain rivers","docAbstract":"<p><span>A simplified low-cost approach to experimentally determine transport parameters in mountain rivers is described, with an emphasis on the longitudinal dispersion coefficient (</span><i>D</i><sub>L</sub><span>). The approach is based on a slug injection of table salt (NaCl) as a tracer and specific conductance readings at different locations downstream of the injection spot. Observed specific conductance readings are fit using the advection-dispersion equation with OTIS-P, yielding estimates of cross-sectional area and longitudinal dispersion coefficient for various stream reaches. Estimates of the&nbsp;</span><i>D</i><sub>L</sub><span>&nbsp;are used to assess the accuracy of several empirical equations reported in the literature. This allowed the determination of complementary transport parameters related to transient storage zones. The empirical equations yielded rather high&nbsp;</span><i>D</i><sub>L</sub><span>&nbsp;values, with some reaching up an order of magnitude higher to those obtained from tracer additions and OTIS-P. Overall, the proposed approach seems reliable and pertinent for river reaches of ca. 150 m in length.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.3890","usgsCitation":"Castillo, D., Runkel, R.L., Duhalde, D., Pasten, P., Arumí, J., Oyarzun, J., Núñez, J., Maturana, H., and Oyarzun, R., 2022, A simple low-cost approach for transport parameter determination in mountain rivers: River Research and Applications, v. 38, no. 1, p. 173-181, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3890.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"181","ipdsId":"IP-129771","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":392855,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Coquimbo Region, upper Elqui River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -70.58441162109375,\n              -30.27804437780013\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.95819091796875,\n              -30.27804437780013\n            ],\n            [\n              -69.95819091796875,\n              -29.807284450222504\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.58441162109375,\n              -29.807284450222504\n            ],\n            [\n              -70.58441162109375,\n              -30.27804437780013\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Castillo, Daniella","contributorId":270038,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castillo","given":"Daniella","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56062,"text":"U. La Serena, Chile","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828329,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Runkel, Robert L. 0000-0003-3220-481X runkel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3220-481X","contributorId":685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runkel","given":"Robert","email":"runkel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828330,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duhalde, Denisse","contributorId":267247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duhalde","given":"Denisse","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55453,"text":"U. La Serena","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pasten, Pablo","contributorId":270039,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pasten","given":"Pablo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56065,"text":"U. Católica de Chile, Chile","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arumí, José L.","contributorId":267250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arumí","given":"José L.","affiliations":[{"id":49667,"text":"Universidad de Concepción","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Oyarzun, Jorge","contributorId":267244,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oyarzun","given":"Jorge","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55453,"text":"U. La Serena","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Núñez, Jorge","contributorId":267246,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Núñez","given":"Jorge","affiliations":[{"id":55453,"text":"U. La Serena","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Maturana, Hugo","contributorId":267248,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maturana","given":"Hugo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27795,"text":"Universidad Católica del Norte","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Oyarzun, Ricardo","contributorId":267252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oyarzun","given":"Ricardo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55455,"text":"Universidad de La Serena","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
,{"id":70230085,"text":"70230085 - 2022 - Comment on “Which earthquake accounts matter” by Susan E. Hough and Stacey S. Martin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-28T13:14:00.30453","indexId":"70230085","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-03T08:10:07","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3372,"text":"Seismological Research Letters","onlineIssn":"1938-2057","printIssn":"0895-0695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment on “Which earthquake accounts matter” by Susan E. Hough and Stacey S. Martin","docAbstract":"<p>In their analysis of the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) “Did You Feel It?” (DYFI) data<span>&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"rf8\">Hough and Martin (2021)</a><span>&nbsp;</span>claim, among other assertions, that the following:</p><ul class=\"bullet\"><li><p>Socioeconomic and geopolitical factors can introduce biases in the USGS’ characterization of earthquakes and their effects, especially if online data collection systems are not designed to be broadly accessible;</p></li><li><p>These biases can, in turn, potentially cascade in myriad ways, potentially shaping our understanding of an earthquake’s impact and the characterization of seismic hazard; and</p></li><li><p>Caution should be urged when relying on data from the DYFI system to characterize the distribution of shaking from large earthquakes in India and other parts of the world (outside of the United States).</p></li></ul><p><br></p><p>Claims of inequity in access, systematic data biases, or urging caution in the usage of data from critical governmental earthquake information systems should not be made, nor taken, lightly. Several assertions made by Hough and Martin (hereafter, H&amp;M) about the nature of DYFI contributors—and the data they provide—leave a false narrative concerning DYFI system accessibility and quality that H&amp;M have not adequately substantiated.</p><p>I describe several shortcomings of H&amp;M’s demographic statistics and methodology, focusing on four main concerns. First, DYFI has revolutionized and greatly facilitated access to reporting intensities, in contrast to H&amp;M claims to the contrary. Second, because DYFI does not directly collect demographic data other than the observer’s location, any demographic analyses require extraordinary inferences, well outside the normal bounds of sociodemographic analyses. Third, independent of accessibility and the geographic distribution of contributions from the public, the macroseismic data collected are nonetheless representative of the shaking and impact at each location, of quality, rapid, and thus extremely useful. Lastly, H&amp;M fail to cite critical and pertinent prior, highly relevant scholarly studies, and as such, they misrepresent the novelty of their own work as well as miss key practical matters detailed in those prior studies. Prior to rebutting what H&amp;M claim DYFI does not do, I will remind the reader the ways in which DYFI excels.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220210072","usgsCitation":"Wald, D.J., 2022, Comment on “Which earthquake accounts matter” by Susan E. Hough and Stacey S. Martin: Seismological Research Letters, v. 93, no. 1, p. 500-505, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220210072.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"500","endPage":"505","ipdsId":"IP-127085","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397684,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wald, David J. 0000-0002-1454-4514 wald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"David","email":"wald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70225685,"text":"70225685 - 2022 - Estimating abundance, temporary emigration and the pattern of density dependence in a cyclic snowshoe hare population in Yukon, Canada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-25T17:09:13.595621","indexId":"70225685","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-03T08:07:14","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1176,"text":"Canadian Journal of Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimating abundance, temporary emigration and the pattern of density dependence in a cyclic snowshoe hare population in Yukon, Canada","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\"><div class=\"core-container\"><div>Estimates of demographic parameters based on capture-mark-recapture (CMR) methods may be biased when some individuals in the population are temporarily unavailable for capture (temporary emigration). We estimated snowshoe hare abundance, apparent survival, and probability of temporary emigration in a population of snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus Erxleben 1777) in the Yukon using Pollock’s robust design CMR model, and population density using spatially-explicit CMR models. Survival rates strongly varied among cyclic phases, seasons, and across five population cycles. We found strong evidence that temporary emigration was Markovian (i.e., non-random), suggesting that it varied among individuals that were temporary emigrant in the previous sampling period and those that were present in the sampled area. The probability of temporary emigration for individuals that were in the study area during the previous sampling occasion (γ´´) varied among cycles. Probability that individuals that were temporarily absent from the sampled area would remain temporary emigrants (γ´) showed strongly seasonal pattern, low in winter and high during summers. Snowshoe hare population density ranged from 0.017 (0.015–0.05) hares/ha to 4.43 (3.90–5.00) hares/ha and large-scale cyclical fluctuation. Autocorrelation functions and autoregressive analyses revealed that our study population exhibited statistically significant cyclic fluctuations, with a periodicity of 9-10 years.</div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/cjz-2021-0139","usgsCitation":"Oli, M.K., Kenny, A.J., Boonstra, R., Boutin, S., Chaudhary, V., Hines, J.E., and Krebs, C., 2022, Estimating abundance, temporary emigration and the pattern of density dependence in a cyclic snowshoe hare population in Yukon, Canada: Canadian Journal of Zoology, v. 100, no. 1, p. 36-45, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2021-0139.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"36","endPage":"45","ipdsId":"IP-127809","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449562,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/cjz-2021-0139","text":"External Repository"},{"id":391314,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","otherGeospatial":"Yukon","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -140.2734375,\n              60.37042901631508\n            ],\n            [\n              -138.69140625,\n              60.06484046010452\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.48632812499999,\n              60.06484046010452\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.541015625,\n              60.88770004207789\n            ],\n            [\n              -126.5625,\n              60.930432202923335\n            ],\n            [\n              -128.583984375,\n              62.226996036319726\n            ],\n            [\n              -131.1328125,\n              64.28275952823394\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.451171875,\n              65.44000165965534\n            ],\n            [\n              -133.2421875,\n              66.33750501996518\n            ],\n            [\n              -133.9453125,\n              67.06743335108298\n            ],\n            [\n              -135.615234375,\n              67.1016555307692\n            ],\n            [\n              -136.40625,\n              68.78414378041504\n            ],\n            [\n              -138.955078125,\n              69.68761843185617\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.240234375,\n              69.77895177646761\n            ],\n            [\n              -141.328125,\n              60.457217797743944\n            ],\n            [\n              -140.2734375,\n              60.37042901631508\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"100","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oli, Madan K. 0000-0001-6944-0061","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6944-0061","contributorId":201302,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oli","given":"Madan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":13453,"text":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826244,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kenny, Alice J","contributorId":268237,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kenny","given":"Alice","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":55604,"text":"Univ. of British Columbia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826245,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boonstra, Rudy","contributorId":223009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boonstra","given":"Rudy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826246,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boutin, Stan","contributorId":223010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boutin","given":"Stan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Chaudhary, Vratika 0000-0001-7155-122X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7155-122X","contributorId":238946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chaudhary","given":"Vratika","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47827,"text":"Univ. of FL.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hines, James E. 0000-0001-5478-7230 jhines@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":146530,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Krebs, Charles J","contributorId":146456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krebs","given":"Charles J","affiliations":[{"id":16701,"text":"Dept. of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70226446,"text":"70226446 - 2022 - Magmatism, migrating topography, and the transition from Sevier shortening to Basin and Range extension, western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-19T12:56:53.852331","indexId":"70226446","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-02T07:06:52","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magmatism, migrating topography, and the transition from Sevier shortening to Basin and Range extension, western United States","docAbstract":"<div class=\"widget widget-BookChapterMainView widget-instance-BookChapterMainView\"><div class=\"content-inner-wrap\"><div class=\"book-chapter-body\"><div id=\"ContentTab\" class=\"content active\"><div class=\"widget widget-BookSectionsText widget-instance-BookChaptertext\"><div class=\"module-widget\"><div class=\"widget-items\" data-widgetname=\"BookSectionsText\"><div class=\"category-section content-section js-content-section\" data-statsid=\"131715784\"><p>The paleogeographic evolution of the western U.S. Great Basin from the Late Cretaceous to the Cenozoic is critical to understanding how the North American Cordillera at this latitude transitioned from Mesozoic shortening to Cenozoic extension. According to a widely applied model, Cenozoic extension was driven by collapse of elevated crust supported by crustal thicknesses that were potentially double the present ~30–35 km. This model is difficult to reconcile with more recent estimates of moderate regional extension (≤50%) and the discovery that most high-angle, Basin and Range faults slipped rapidly ca. 17 Ma, tens of millions of years after crustal thickening occurred. Here, we integrated new and existing geochronology and geologic mapping in the Elko area of northeast Nevada, one of the few places in the Great Basin with substantial exposures of Paleogene strata. We improved the age control for strata that have been targeted for studies of regional paleoelevation and paleoclimate across this critical time span. In addition, a regional compilation of the ages of material within a network of middle Cenozoic paleodrainages that developed across the Great Basin shows that the age of basal paleovalley fill decreases southward roughly synchronous with voluminous ignimbrite flareup volcanism that swept south across the region ca. 45–20 Ma. Integrating these data sets with the regional record of faulting, sedimentation, erosion, and magmatism, we suggest that volcanism was accompanied by an elevation increase that disrupted drainage systems and shifted the continental divide east into central Nevada from its Late Cretaceous location along the Sierra Nevada arc. The north-south Eocene–Oligocene drainage divide defined by mapping of paleovalleys may thus have evolved as a dynamic feature that propagated southward with magmatism. Despite some local faulting, the northern Great Basin became a vast, elevated volcanic tableland that persisted until dissection by Basin and Range faulting that began ca. 21–17 Ma. Based on this more detailed geologic framework, it is unlikely that Basin and Range extension was driven by Cretaceous crustal overthickening; rather, preexisting crustal structure was just one of several factors that that led to Basin and Range faulting after ca. 17 Ma—in addition to thermal weakening of the crust associated with Cenozoic magmatism, thermally supported elevation, and changing boundary conditions. Because these causal factors evolved long after crustal thickening ended, during final removal and fragmentation of the shallowly subducting Farallon slab, they are compatible with normal-thickness (~45–50 km) crust beneath the Great Basin prior to extension and do not require development of a strongly elevated, Altiplano-like region during Mesozoic shortening.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/2021.2555(13)","usgsCitation":"Lundstern, J., and Miller, E.L., 2022, Magmatism, migrating topography, and the transition from Sevier shortening to Basin and Range extension, western United States: GSA Special Papers, v. 555, no. 13, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.1130/2021.2555(13).","productDescription":"23 p.","ipdsId":"IP-120370","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science 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 \"}}]}","volume":"555","issue":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lundstern, Jens-Erik 0000-0003-0000-8013","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0000-8013","contributorId":264189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lundstern","given":"Jens-Erik","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Elizabeth L. 0000-0002-6190-4826","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6190-4826","contributorId":269348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":55934,"text":"Stanford University Department of Geological Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70226892,"text":"70226892 - 2022 - Does restoration of plant diversity trigger concomitant soil microbiome changes in dryland ecosystems?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-15T16:12:55.74097","indexId":"70226892","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-02T06:38:15","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Does restoration of plant diversity trigger concomitant soil microbiome changes in dryland ecosystems?","docAbstract":"<ol class=\"\"><li>Drylands are highly vulnerable to land degradation, and despite increasing efforts, restoration success remains low. Although often ignored in the design and deployment of management strategies, soil microbial communities might be critical for dryland restoration due to their central role in promoting soil stability, nutrient cycling and plant establishment.</li><li>We collected soil samples from eight dryland restoration sites within RestoreNet, a restoration field trial network, and determined their soil microbiome using 16S rRNA (bacteria and archaea) and ITS (fungi) amplicon sequencing. Each previously degraded site was treated with monoculture (single species) and polyculture (multiple species) seedling plantings.</li><li>Contrary to our initial expectations, we found that these different revegetation interventions did not trigger changes in microbial diversity, composition or relative abundance of functional groups across sites after 1&nbsp;year of revegetation.</li><li><i>Synthesis and applications</i>. Considering the crucial role of soil micro-organisms in dryland ecosystem functions, our results suggest that site-specific targeted microbiome restoration should be considered to accelerate the establishment of desired microbial communities. Plant community-based restoration practices such as revegetation have a limited impact on soil micro-organisms in the short term.</li></ol>","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14074","usgsCitation":"Yang, B., Balazs, K.R., Butterfield, B.J., Laushman, K.M., Munson, S.M., Gornish, E., and Barberan, A., 2022, Does restoration of plant diversity trigger concomitant soil microbiome changes in dryland ecosystems?: Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 59, no. 2, p. 560-573, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14074.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"560","endPage":"573","ipdsId":"IP-130330","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Yang, Ben","contributorId":270203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yang","given":"Ben","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56107,"text":"Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Balazs, Kathleen R.","contributorId":223214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Balazs","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":24810,"text":"Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Butterfield, Bradley J. 0000-0003-0974-9811","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0974-9811","contributorId":167009,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butterfield","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24591,"text":"Merriam-Powell Center for Environmental Research and Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laushman, Katherine M. 0000-0002-4333-6386","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4333-6386","contributorId":229512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Laushman","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Munson, Seth M. 0000-0002-2736-6374 smunson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-6374","contributorId":1334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Munson","given":"Seth","email":"smunson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828666,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Gornish, Elise S.","contributorId":270204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gornish","given":"Elise S.","affiliations":[{"id":56108,"text":"University of Arizona School of Natural Resources and the Environment, Tucson, Arizona, 85721","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828667,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Barberan, Albert","contributorId":270205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barberan","given":"Albert","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56107,"text":"Department of Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, 85721","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70230088,"text":"70230088 - 2022 - Evaluation of intensity prediction equations (IPEs) for small-magnitude earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-28T11:37:05.776109","indexId":"70230088","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-02T06:33:38","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of intensity prediction equations (IPEs) for small-magnitude earthquakes","docAbstract":"<div id=\"132397136\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \"><p>This study assesses existing intensity prediction equations (IPEs) for small unspecified magnitude (<i>M</i><span>&nbsp;</span>≤3.5) earthquakes at short hypocentral distances (<span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\">⁠<span class=\"MathJax_Preview\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-1\" class=\"MJXp-math\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-2\" class=\"MJXp-msub\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-3\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic\">D</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-4\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic MJXp-script\">h</span></span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax MathJax_Processing\"></span>⁠</span>) and explores such earthquakes’ contribution to the felt shaking hazard. In particular, we consider IPEs by<span>&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"rf6\">Atkinson and Wald (2007)</a><span>&nbsp;</span>and<span>&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"rf7\">Atkinson<span>&nbsp;</span><i>et&nbsp;al.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(2014)</a>, and evaluate their performance based on “Did You Feel It” (DYFI) reports and recorded peak ground velocities (PGVs) in the central United States. Both IPEs were developed based on DYFI reports in the central and eastern United States with moment magnitudes above<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span class=\"MathJax_Preview\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-5\" class=\"MJXp-math\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-6\" class=\"MJXp-msub\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-7\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic\">M</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-8\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-script\">w</span></span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax MathJax_Processing\"></span></span>&nbsp;3.0. DYFI reports are often used as the ground truth when evaluating and developing IPEs, but they could be less reliable when there are limited responses for small‐magnitude earthquakes. We first compare the DYFI reports with intensities interpolated from recorded PGVs. Results suggest a minimal discrepancy between the two when the intensity is large enough to be felt (i.e.,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;</span>&gt;2 and<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span class=\"MathJax_Preview\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-9\" class=\"MJXp-math\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-10\" class=\"MJXp-msub\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-11\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic\">D</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-12\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic MJXp-script\">h</span></span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-13\" class=\"MJXp-mo\">&lt;</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-14\" class=\"MJXp-mn\">15</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-15\" class=\"MJXp-mtext\">  </span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-16\" class=\"MJXp-mi\">km</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Element-3-Frame\" class=\"MathJax MathJax_Processing\"></span>⁠</span>). We then compare intensities from 31,617 DYFI reports of 3049 earthquakes with the two IPEs. Results suggest that both the IPEs match well with observed intensities for 2.0&lt;<span>&nbsp;</span><i>M</i><span>&nbsp;</span>&lt;3.0 and<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span class=\"MathJax_Preview\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-17\" class=\"MJXp-math\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-18\" class=\"MJXp-msub\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-19\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic\">D</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-20\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic MJXp-script\">h</span></span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-21\" class=\"MJXp-mo\">&lt;</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-22\" class=\"MJXp-mn\">10</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-23\" class=\"MJXp-mtext\">  </span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-24\" class=\"MJXp-mi\">km</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Element-4-Frame\" class=\"MathJax MathJax_Processing\"></span>⁠</span>, but the IPE by<span>&nbsp;</span><a class=\"link link-ref xref-bibr\" data-modal-source-id=\"rf7\">Atkinson<span>&nbsp;</span><i>et&nbsp;al.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(2014)</a><span>&nbsp;</span>matches better for larger distances. We also observe that intensities from DYFI reports attenuate faster compared with the two IPEs, especially for distances greater than 10&nbsp;km. We then group DYFI reports by inferred<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span class=\"MathJax_Preview\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-25\" class=\"MJXp-math\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-26\" class=\"MJXp-msub\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-27\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic\">V</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-28\" class=\"MJXp-mrow MJXp-script\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-29\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic\">S</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-30\" class=\"MJXp-mn\">30</span></span></span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Element-5-Frame\" class=\"MathJax MathJax_Processing\"></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>as a proxy for site amplification effects. We observe that intensities at sites with<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span class=\"MathJax_Preview\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-31\" class=\"MJXp-math\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-32\" class=\"MJXp-msub\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-33\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic\">V</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-34\" class=\"MJXp-mrow MJXp-script\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-35\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic\">S</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-36\" class=\"MJXp-mn\">30</span></span></span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Element-6-Frame\" class=\"MathJax MathJax_Processing\"></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>around 300&nbsp;m/s are consistently higher than at sites with<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span class=\"MathJax_Preview\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-37\" class=\"MJXp-math\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-38\" class=\"MJXp-msub\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-39\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic\">V</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-40\" class=\"MJXp-mrow MJXp-script\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-41\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic\">S</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-42\" class=\"MJXp-mn\">30</span></span></span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Element-7-Frame\" class=\"MathJax MathJax_Processing\"></span></span><span>&nbsp;</span>around 700&nbsp;m/s and are also closer to the two IPEs. Finally, we conduct hazard disaggregation for earthquakes at close distances (<span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\">⁠<span class=\"MathJax_Preview\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-43\" class=\"MJXp-math\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-44\" class=\"MJXp-msub\"><span id=\"MJXp-Span-45\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic\">D</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-46\" class=\"MJXp-mi MJXp-italic MJXp-script\">h</span></span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-47\" class=\"MJXp-mo\">=</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-48\" class=\"MJXp-mn\">7.5</span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-49\" class=\"MJXp-mtext\">  </span><span id=\"MJXp-Span-50\" class=\"MJXp-mi\">km</span></span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Element-8-Frame\" class=\"MathJax MathJax_Processing\"></span>⁠</span>) using the observed records. Results suggest that earthquakes with magnitudes below M&nbsp;3.0 contribute more than 40% to the occurrence of felt shaking.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120210150","usgsCitation":"Teng, G., Baker, J.W., and Wald, D.J., 2022, Evaluation of intensity prediction equations (IPEs) for small-magnitude earthquakes: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 112, no. 1, p. 316-330, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120210150.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"316","endPage":"330","ipdsId":"IP-133450","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":397680,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Teng, Ganyu","contributorId":248392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teng","given":"Ganyu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baker, Jack W.","contributorId":115861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":6986,"text":"Stanford University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":838972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wald, David J. 0000-0002-1454-4514 wald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-4514","contributorId":795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wald","given":"David","email":"wald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70230212,"text":"70230212 - 2022 - Seasonality of solute flux and water source chemistry in a coastal glacierized watershed undergoing rapid change: Wolverine Glacier watershed, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-05T15:04:10.048629","indexId":"70230212","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-01T09:53:53","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonality of solute flux and water source chemistry in a coastal glacierized watershed undergoing rapid change: Wolverine Glacier watershed, Alaska","docAbstract":"As glaciers around the world rapidly lose mass, the tight coupling between glaciers and downstream ecosystems is resulting in widespread impacts on global hydrologic and biogeochemical cycling. However, a range of challenges make it difficult to conduct research in glacierized systems and our knowledge of seasonally changing hydrologic processes and solute sources and signatures is limited. This in turn hampers our ability to make predictions on solute composition and flux. We conducted a broad water sampling campaign in order to understand the present-day partitioning of water sources and associated solutes in Alaska’s Wolverine Glacier watershed. We established a relationship between electrical conductivity (EC) and streamflow at the watershed outlet to divide the melt season into four hydroclimatic periods. Across hydroclimatic periods, we observed a shift in off-glacier source waters from snowmelt-dominated overland and shallow subsurface flow paths to deeper groundwater flow paths. We also observed the shift from a low- to high-efficiency subglacial drainage network and the associated flushing of water stored sub-glacially with higher solute loads. We used calcium, the dominant dissolved ion, from watershed outlet samples to estimate solute fluxes for each hydroclimatic period across two melt seasons. We found between 40 and 55 percent of Ca2+ export occurred during the late season rainy period. This partitioning of the melt season coupled with a characterization of the chemical makeup and magnitude of solute export provides new insight into a rapidly changing watershed and creates a framework to quantify and predict changes to solute fluxes across a melt season.","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2020WR028725","usgsCitation":"Bergstrom, A., Koch, J.C., O'Neel, S., and Baker, E., 2022, Seasonality of solute flux and water source chemistry in a coastal glacierized watershed undergoing rapid change: Wolverine Glacier watershed, Alaska: Water Resources Research, v. 57, no. 11, e2020WR028725, 22 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028725.","productDescription":"e2020WR028725, 22 p.","ipdsId":"IP-125760","costCenters":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489151,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/geo_facpubs/632","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9LLXNAX","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geochemistry of Water Sources in the Wolverine Glacier Watershed, Alaska in 2016 and 2017"},{"id":398114,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Nellie Juan River watershed, Wolverine Glacier watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -149.14283752441406,\n              60.30892680397063\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.31381225585938,\n              60.30110330199715\n            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          [\n              -148.69995117187497,\n              60.337823495982015\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.70681762695312,\n              60.354809605953754\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.62579345703125,\n              60.37959344588718\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.6003875732422,\n              60.39825375597505\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.68072509765625,\n              60.43452591318082\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.7164306640625,\n              60.44231745121464\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.7164306640625,\n              60.44976847885747\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.8365936279297,\n              60.477863792166026\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.8750457763672,\n              60.47346492719931\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.9581298828125,\n              60.43554230669233\n            ],\n            [\n              -148.941650390625,\n              60.38739814916949\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.04052734375,\n              60.372465778991284\n            ],\n            [\n              -149.14283752441406,\n              60.30892680397063\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"57","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bergstrom, Anna 0000-0002-9684-4018","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9684-4018","contributorId":289664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bergstrom","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16201,"text":"Boise State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Koch, Joshua C. 0000-0001-7180-6982 jkoch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-6982","contributorId":202532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koch","given":"Joshua","email":"jkoch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":839567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O'Neel, Shad 0000-0002-9185-0144","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-0144","contributorId":289666,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O'Neel","given":"Shad","affiliations":[{"id":62222,"text":"Cold Regions Research Laboratory","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baker, Emily 0000-0002-0938-3496 ehbaker@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0938-3496","contributorId":200570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Emily","email":"ehbaker@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":839569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70231896,"text":"70231896 - 2022 - What’s new in energy minerals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-06-01T13:55:04.055176","indexId":"70231896","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-01T08:53:26","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":25,"text":"Newsletter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":30,"text":"Newsletter"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10775,"text":"AAPG Explorer","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":30}},"title":"What’s new in energy minerals","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","usgsCitation":"Birdwell, J.E., 2022, What’s new in energy minerals: AAPG Explorer, no. November 2021, HTML Document.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-134207","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":401538,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":401518,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://explorer.aapg.org/story/articleid/61819/whats-new-in-energy-minerals"}],"issue":"November 2021","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Birdwell, Justin E. 0000-0001-8263-1452 jbirdwell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452","contributorId":3302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdwell","given":"Justin","email":"jbirdwell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":569,"text":"Southwest Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":255,"text":"Energy Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":844051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70228802,"text":"70228802 - 2022 - Natural inactivation of MS2, poliovirus type 1 and Cryptosporidium parvum in an anaerobic and reduced aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-22T13:16:37.319102","indexId":"70228802","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-01T07:13:43","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2169,"text":"Journal of Applied Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural inactivation of MS2, poliovirus type 1 and Cryptosporidium parvum in an anaerobic and reduced aquifer","docAbstract":"<h3 id=\"jam15349-sec-0001-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Aims</h3><p>The study of microbial inactivation rates in aquifer systems has most often been determined in aerobic and oxidized systems. This study examined the inactivation (i.e. loss of infectivity) of MS2, poliovirus type 1 (PV1) and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>in an anaerobic and reduced groundwater system that has been identified as storage zones for aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) facilities.</p><h3 id=\"jam15349-sec-0002-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Methods and Results</h3><p>Anaerobic and reduced (ORP&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;<sup>−</sup>250&nbsp;mV) groundwater from an artesian well was diverted to an above-ground, flow-through mesocosm that contained diffusion chambers filled with MS2, PV1 or<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Cryptosporidium parvum</i>. The respective infectivity assays were performed on microorganisms recovered from the diffusion chambers during 30- to 58-day experiments. The net reduction in infectivity was 5.73&nbsp;log<sub>10</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>over 30&nbsp;days for MS2, 5.00&nbsp;log<sub>10</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>over 58&nbsp;days for PV1 and 4.07&nbsp;log<sub>10</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>over 37&nbsp;days for<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C</i>.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>parvum</i>. The best fit inactivation model for PV1 was the log-linear model and the Weibull model for MS2 and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C</i>.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>parvum</i>, with respective inactivation rates (95% confidence interval) of 0.19 (0.17–0.21) log<sub>10</sub>&nbsp;day<sup>−1</sup>, 0.31 (0.19–0.89) log<sub>10</sub>&nbsp;day<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and 0.20 (0.14–0.37) log<sub>10</sub>&nbsp;day<sup>−1</sup>.</p><h3 id=\"jam15349-sec-0003-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Conclusions</h3><p>The groundwater geochemical conditions in this aquifer enhanced the inactivation of&nbsp;MS2, PV1, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i>C</i>.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>parvum</i><span>&nbsp;</span>at rates approximately 2.0–5.3-fold, 1.2–17.0-fold, and 4.5–5.6-fold greater, respectively, than those from published studies that used diffusion chambers in aerobic-to-anoxic groundwater systems, with positive redox potentials.</p><h3 id=\"jam15349-sec-0004-title\" class=\"article-section__sub-title section1\">Significance and Impact of the Study</h3><p>Geochemical conditions like those in the aquifer zone in this study can naturally and significantly reduce concentrations of microbial indicators and pathogens of human health concern in injected surface water. Appropriate storage times for injected surface water could complement above-ground engineered processes for microorganism removal and inactivation (e.g. filtration, disinfection) by naturally increasing overall microorganism log-inactivation rates of ASR facilities.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jam.15349","usgsCitation":"Lisle, J.T., and Lukasic, G., 2022, Natural inactivation of MS2, poliovirus type 1 and Cryptosporidium parvum in an anaerobic and reduced aquifer: Journal of Applied Microbiology, v. 132, no. 3, p. 2464-2474, https://doi.org/10.1111/jam.15349.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2464","endPage":"2474","ipdsId":"IP-131012","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396232,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"132","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lisle, John T. 0000-0002-5447-2092 jlisle@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5447-2092","contributorId":2944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisle","given":"John","email":"jlisle@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lukasic, Geroge","contributorId":279834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lukasic","given":"Geroge","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":57372,"text":"BCS Laboratories, Inc., Gainesville, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70226137,"text":"70226137 - 2022 - Tree mortality response to drought-density interactions suggests opportunities to enhance drought resistance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-15T16:08:05.671364","indexId":"70226137","displayToPublicDate":"2021-11-01T06:53:41","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9913,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology.","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tree mortality response to drought-density interactions suggests opportunities to enhance drought resistance","docAbstract":"<p>The future of dry forests around the world is uncertain given predictions that rising temperatures and enhanced aridity will increase drought-induced tree mortality. Using forest management and ecological restoration to reduce density and competition for water offers one of the few pathways that forests managers can potentially minimize drought-induced tree mortality. Competition for water during drought leads to elevated tree mortality in dense stands, although the influence of density on heat-induced stress, and the durations of hot or dry conditions that most impact mortality, remain unclear.</p><p>Understanding how competition interacts with hot-drought stress is essential to recognize how, where, and how much reducing density can help sustain dry forests in a rapidly changing world. Here, we integrated repeat measurements of 28,881 ponderosa pine trees across the western US (2000-2017) with soil moisture estimates from a water balance model to examine how annual mortality responds to competition, temperature and soil moisture conditions.</p><p>Tree mortality responded most strongly to basal area, and was elevated in places with high mean temperatures, unusually hot 7-year high temperature anomalies, and unusually dry 8-year low soil moisture anomalies. Mortality was also lower in places that experienced unusually wet 3-year soil moisture anomalies between measurements. Importantly, we found that basal area interacts with temperature and soil moisture, exacerbating mortality during times of stress imposed by high temperature or low moisture.</p><p>Synthesis and Applications: Our results imply that a 50% reduction in forest basal area could reduce drought-driven tree mortality by 20-80%. The largest impacts of density reduction are seen in areas with high current basal area and places that experience high temperatures and/or severe multiyear droughts. These interactions between competition and drought are critical to understand past and future patterns of tree mortality in the context of climate change, and provide information for resource managers seeking to enhance dry forest drought resistance.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"British Ecological Society","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14073","usgsCitation":"Bradford, J., Shriver, R.K., Robles, M.D., McCauley, L., Andrews, C.M., Crimmins, M.A., and Bell, D.M., 2022, Tree mortality response to drought-density interactions suggests opportunities to enhance drought resistance: Journal of Applied Ecology., v. 59, no. 2, p. 549-559, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14073.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"549","endPage":"559","ipdsId":"IP-126821","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449572,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14073","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436042,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P92HBML8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Estimated tree mortality, basal area, climate, and drought conditions for ponderosa pine in forest inventory plots across the western U.S."},{"id":391609,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-11-15","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":219257,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shriver, Robert K 0000-0002-4590-4834","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4590-4834","contributorId":222834,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shriver","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"K","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Robles, Marcos D.","contributorId":244893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robles","given":"Marcos","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McCauley, Lisa A","contributorId":268774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McCauley","given":"Lisa A","affiliations":[{"id":55658,"text":"The Nature Conservancy, Center for Science and Public Policy, 1510 E Ft Lowell Road, Tucson, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Andrews, Caitlin M. 0000-0003-4593-1071 candrews@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4593-1071","contributorId":192985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andrews","given":"Caitlin","email":"candrews@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Crimmins, Michael A.","contributorId":178238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crimmins","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bell, David M.","contributorId":191003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bell","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70225665,"text":"70225665 - 2022 - Selective host attachment by Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae): Tick-lizard associations in the southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-25T17:07:07.479062","indexId":"70225665","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-29T09:06:09","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2385,"text":"Journal of Medical Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Selective host attachment by <i>Ixodes scapularis</i> (Acari: Ixodidae): Tick-lizard associations in the southeastern United States","title":"Selective host attachment by Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae): Tick-lizard associations in the southeastern United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Questing behavior and host associations of immature blacklegged ticks,&nbsp;</span><i>Ixodes scapularis</i><span>&nbsp;Say, from the southeastern United States are known to differ from those in the north. To elucidate these relationships we describe host associations of larval and nymphal&nbsp;</span><i>I. scapularis</i><span>&nbsp;from 8 lizard species sampled from 5 sites in the southeastern U.S. Larvae and nymphs attached in greater numbers to larger lizards than to smaller lizards, with differential levels of attachment to different lizard species. Blacklegged ticks are generally attached to skinks of the genus&nbsp;</span><i>Plestiodon</i><span>&nbsp;in greater numbers per unit lizard weight than to anoles (</span><i>Anolis</i><span>) or fence lizards (</span><i>Sceloporus</i><span>). The broad-headed skink,&nbsp;</span><i>Plestiodon laticeps</i><span>&nbsp;(Schneider), was a particularly important host for immature&nbsp;</span><i>I. scapularis</i><span>&nbsp;in our study and in several previous studies of tick–host associations in the southeast. Blacklegged ticks show selective attachment to&nbsp;</span><i>Plestiodon</i><span>&nbsp;lizard hosts in the southeast, but whether this results from behavioral host preferences or from ecological factors such as timing or microhabitat distributions of tick questing and host activity remains to be determined.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Entomological Society of America","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjab181","usgsCitation":"Ginsberg, H., Hickling, G.J., Pang, G., Tsao, J.I., Fitzgerald, M., Ross, B., Rulison, E.L., and Burke, R.L., 2022, Selective host attachment by Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae): Tick-lizard associations in the southeastern United States: Journal of Medical Entomology, v. 59, no. 1, p. 267-272, https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjab181.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"267","endPage":"272","ipdsId":"IP-129930","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490082,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/pls_facpubs/133","text":"External Repository"},{"id":391270,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee","otherGeospatial":"Arnold Air Force Base, Mattamuskeet National Wildlife Refuge, Oakmulgee Talladega National Forest, Savannah River Site, Tall Timbers Research Station","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -81.837158203125,\n              33.109373145334544\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.46568298339844,\n              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Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pang, Genevieve","contributorId":221488,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pang","given":"Genevieve","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tsao, Jean I.","contributorId":140905,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tsao","given":"Jean","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fitzgerald, Meghan","contributorId":268188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fitzgerald","given":"Meghan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12716,"text":"University of Tennessee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ross, Breann","contributorId":248548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ross","given":"Breann","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6921,"text":"Hofstra University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rulison, Eric L.","contributorId":87478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rulison","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6922,"text":"University of Rhode Island","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Burke, Russell L.","contributorId":127374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burke","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":6921,"text":"Hofstra University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70262164,"text":"70262164 - 2022 - Bankfull shear velocity predicts embeddedness and silt cover in gravel streambeds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-15T15:42:12.481821","indexId":"70262164","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-28T09:33:57","publicationYear":"2022","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bankfull shear velocity predicts embeddedness and silt cover in gravel streambeds","docAbstract":"<p><span>Excess fine sediment (&lt;2 mm) deposition on gravel streambeds can degrade habitat quality for stream biota. Two measures of fine sediment deposition include embeddedness and silt cover (&lt;62.5&nbsp;μm). Embeddedness measures fine sediment in interstitial pore spaces, whereas silt cover, primarily deposited during low flows, measures fine sediment draped on the streambed's surface. Here, we demonstrate that a baseline level of embeddedness and a maximum value of silt cover can be predicted from bankfull shear velocity, which can be estimated from river channel and streamflow characteristics, independently of knowing the sediment supply. We derive an equation for bankfull shear velocity that only requires knowing bankfull flow, channel width, and channel slope, which can be readily obtained in the United States from freely available, remotely sensed data. We apply this methodology to data collected at 30 sites in the Piedmont region of Virginia and North Carolina. This work is an important step in developing statistical models of stream ecosystems in which geophysical variables can predict embeddedness and silt cover, which commonly limit biotic assemblages.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.3878","usgsCitation":"Czuba, J., Hirschler, M., Pratt, E., Villamagna, A., and Angermeier, P., 2022, Bankfull shear velocity predicts embeddedness and silt cover in gravel streambeds: River Research and Applications, v. 38, no. 1, p. 59-68, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3878.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"59","endPage":"68","ipdsId":"IP-127933","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":467213,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10919/111948","text":"External Repository"},{"id":466418,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Virginia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -80.6,\n              37.1\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.6,\n              36.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.5,\n              36.25\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.5,\n              37.1\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.6,\n              37.1\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-10-28","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Czuba, Jonathan A.","contributorId":348255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Czuba","given":"Jonathan A.","affiliations":[{"id":36967,"text":"Virginia Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":923309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hirschler, Mallory","contributorId":348256,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hirschler","given":"Mallory","affiliations":[{"id":35056,"text":"Plymouth State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":923310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pratt, Elizabeth A.","contributorId":348257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pratt","given":"Elizabeth A.","affiliations":[{"id":36967,"text":"Virginia Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":923311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Villamagna, Amy","contributorId":348258,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Villamagna","given":"Amy","affiliations":[{"id":35056,"text":"Plymouth State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":923312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. 0000-0003-2864-170X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-170X","contributorId":204519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":923308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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