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,{"id":70125918,"text":"70125918 - 1991 - Assessing the direct effects of streamflow on recreation: a literature review","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-18T09:12:21","indexId":"70125918","displayToPublicDate":"1991-12-01T09:08:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the direct effects of streamflow on recreation: a literature review","docAbstract":"A variety of methods have been used to learn about the relation between streamflow and recreation quality. Regardless of method, nearly all studies found a similar nonlinear relation of recreation to flow, with quality increasing with flow to a point, and then decreasing for further increases in flow. Points of minimum, optimum, and maximum flow differ across rivers and activities. Knowledge of the effects of streamflow on recreation, for the variety of relevant activities and skill levels, is an important ingredient in the determination of wise streamflow policies.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","publisherLocation":"Herndon, VA","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1991.tb03147.x","usgsCitation":"Brown, T.C., Taylor, J.G., and Shelby, B., 1991, Assessing the direct effects of streamflow on recreation: a literature review: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 27, no. 6, p. 979-989, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1991.tb03147.x.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"979","endPage":"989","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":294092,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294091,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1991.tb03147.x"}],"volume":"27","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541bf41ae4b0e96537ddf62f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Thomas C.","contributorId":69491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, Jonathan G.","contributorId":37378,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shelby, Bo","contributorId":30925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shelby","given":"Bo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70243096,"text":"70243096 - 1991 - Comment and Reply on \"Origin of deep crustal reflections: Implications of coincident seismic refraction and reflection data in Nevada\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-28T13:54:17.03391","indexId":"70243096","displayToPublicDate":"1991-12-01T08:46:19","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment and Reply on \"Origin of deep crustal reflections: Implications of coincident seismic refraction and reflection data in Nevada\"","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<1243:CAROOO>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hyndman, R., Lewis, T.J., Marquis, G., Holbrook, W.S., Catchings, R.D., and Jarchow, C.M., 1991, Comment and Reply on \"Origin of deep crustal reflections: Implications of coincident seismic refraction and reflection data in Nevada\": Geology, v. 19, no. 12, p. 1234-1244, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<1243:CAROOO>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"1234","endPage":"1244","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416495,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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J.","contributorId":304589,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lewis","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Marquis, G.","contributorId":18969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marquis","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holbrook, W. Steven","contributorId":175481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holbrook","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"Steven","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Catchings, Rufus D. 0000-0002-5191-6102 catching@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-6102","contributorId":1519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Catchings","given":"Rufus","email":"catching@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":871035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jarchow, Craig M.","contributorId":190682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarchow","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":1001364,"text":"1001364 - 1991 - Standing crops and ecology of aquatic invertebrates in agricultural drainwater ponds in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-27T17:46:32.160023","indexId":"1001364","displayToPublicDate":"1991-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Standing crops and ecology of aquatic invertebrates in agricultural drainwater ponds in California","docAbstract":"<p><span>We examined standing crops and ecology of aquatic invertebrates in agricultural drainwater evaporation ponds in California from October 1982 to March 1983 and September 1983 to March 1984. Evaporation ponds supported low diversities but high standing crops of aquatic invertebrates. A water boatman (</span><i>Trichocorixa reticulata</i><span>) and a midge (</span><i>Tanypus grodhausi</i><span>) were the most abundant invertebrates, constituting 44.9% and 51.4% of total macroinvertebrate biomass. Regression models indicated that of 6 environmental variables measured, only electrical conductivity (EC) and Julian date affected biomass and density of water boatmen. EC was the only significant correlate of midge biomass in evaporation ponds.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/BF03160848","usgsCitation":"Euliss, N., Jarvis, R.L., and Gilmer, D., 1991, Standing crops and ecology of aquatic invertebrates in agricultural drainwater ponds in California: Wetlands, v. 11, no. 2, p. 179-190, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03160848.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"179","endPage":"190","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133807,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.93405058242053,\n              42.159006210794274\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.21732752116968,\n              37.88739714007802\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.84880348632399,\n              32.389137747760856\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.35310679827018,\n              32.67493824208495\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.70536852979009,\n              33.28416766710367\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.11087114275335,\n              34.36900887525026\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.60941582247216,\n              34.914984018682425\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.86963161308127,\n              38.8805300223285\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.95227994676767,\n              42.037931749020004\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.93405058242053,\n              42.159006210794274\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6964e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Euliss, N.H. Jr.","contributorId":54917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Euliss","given":"N.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jarvis, R. L.","contributorId":31697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jarvis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gilmer, D.S.","contributorId":22270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilmer","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":310937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70180728,"text":"70180728 - 1991 - Assessment of smolt condition for travel time analysis. Annual report 1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-01T11:15:32","indexId":"70180728","displayToPublicDate":"1991-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Assessment of smolt condition for travel time analysis. Annual report 1990","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Beeman, J., Rondorf, D., Faler, J., Haner, P., Sauter, S., and Venditti, D., 1991, Assessment of smolt condition for travel time analysis. Annual report 1990, xii., 71 p. .","productDescription":"xii., 71 p. ","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334537,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a03780e4b099f50d3e0506","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, J.W.","contributorId":32646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rondorf, D.W.","contributorId":80789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rondorf","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":662164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faler, J.C.","contributorId":152382,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Faler","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haner, P.V.","contributorId":63912,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haner","given":"P.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sauter, S.T.","contributorId":13203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauter","given":"S.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Venditti, D.A.","contributorId":74536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Venditti","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70016386,"text":"70016386 - 1991 - Pulses of middle Eocene to earliest Oligocene climatic deterioration in Southern California and the Gulf Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-12T15:37:19.022051","indexId":"70016386","displayToPublicDate":"1991-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3000,"text":"Palaios","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pulses of middle Eocene to earliest Oligocene climatic deterioration in Southern California and the Gulf Coast","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.2307/3514919","usgsCitation":"Frederiksen, N.O., 1991, Pulses of middle Eocene to earliest Oligocene climatic deterioration in Southern California and the Gulf Coast: Palaios, v. 6, no. 6, p. 564-571, https://doi.org/10.2307/3514919.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"564","endPage":"571","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222907,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"6","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9026e4b0c8380cd7fb75","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frederiksen, Norman O.","contributorId":50880,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frederiksen","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016388,"text":"70016388 - 1991 - Rapid dewatering of the crust deduced from ages of mesothermal gold deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-28T16:32:03.18064","indexId":"70016388","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid dewatering of the crust deduced from ages of mesothermal gold deposits","docAbstract":"<p><span>The large-scale migration of fluids through the continental crust has been well documented, but there is no consensus regarding the timing of fluid migration relative to orogenic episodes, or rates of crustal dewatering</span><sup>1</sup><span>. Here we present</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar dates for muscovites from quartz veins along a major shear zone in southeast Alaska, which show that the veins were emplaced in the early Eocene, during the late stages of orogenic deformation. Hydrother-mal activity took place for only about 1 Myr and along a distance of at least 200 km. The fluids were generated by metamorphic reactions in subducted crust along the North American plate margin, and were apparently trapped in the crust by the low permeabilities accompanying a convergent tectonic regime until 56 Myr ago. The rapid dewatering event coincided with a change in plate motion at 56–55 Myr, which caused a shift from convergent to partly transcurrent tectonics. We suggest that this change in tectonic regime led to increased crustal permeabilities and hence the possibility of large-scale fluid migration.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/354296a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Goldfarb, R., Snee, L., Miller, L., and Newberry, R., 1991, Rapid dewatering of the crust deduced from ages of mesothermal gold deposits: Nature, v. 354, no. 6351, p. 296-298, https://doi.org/10.1038/354296a0.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"296","endPage":"298","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222957,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -137.66382877414708,\n              58.98978998908893\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.66382877414708,\n              55.825481370216835\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.93458393194348,\n              55.825481370216835\n            ],\n            [\n              -132.93458393194348,\n              58.98978998908893\n            ],\n            [\n              -137.66382877414708,\n              58.98978998908893\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"354","issue":"6351","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94d2e4b0c8380cd81634","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldfarb, R.J.","contributorId":38143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldfarb","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Snee, L.W.","contributorId":99981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Snee","given":"L.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miller, L.D. 0000-0002-3523-0768","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3523-0768","contributorId":107322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"L.D.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":373344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Newberry, R.J.","contributorId":50558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newberry","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70206856,"text":"70206856 - 1991 - Late Devonian history of Michigan basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-26T14:05:22.926821","indexId":"70206856","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-26T12:43:20","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3459,"text":"Special Paper of the Geological Society of America","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Devonian history of Michigan basin","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Upper Devonian sequence in the Michigan Basin is a westward extension of coeval cyclical facies of the Catskill deltaic complex in the Appalachian basin. Both basins and the intervening Findlay arch express the tectonic and sedimentational effects of foreland compression and isostatic compensation produced by the Acadian orogeny. The Late Devonian Michigan Basin formed as one of several local deeps within the long Eastern Interior seaway that separated the North American craton, backboned by the Transcontinental arch, on the west from the Old Red continent, Avalon terrane (microplate), and possibly northwest Africa on the east. Basin development began in the late Middle Devonian (late Givetian&nbsp;</span><i>varcus</i><span>&nbsp;Zone) with subsidence of a shallow-water carbonate platform formed by rocks of the Traverse Group. Subsidence was contemporaneous with Taghanic onlap of the North American craton. During subsidence, a thin transitional sequence of increasingly deeper water limestones separated by hardgrounds was deposited in the incipient Michigan Basin during the latest Givetian to earliest Frasnian&nbsp;</span><i>disparilis</i><span>&nbsp;to&nbsp;</span><i>falsiovalis</i><span>&nbsp;Zones. Deposition of this sequence culminated during the early Frasnian&nbsp;</span><i>transitans</i><span>&nbsp;Zone with a calcareous mudstone bed at the top of the Squaw Bay Limestone. Subsidence was followed by a 12-m.y.-long Late Devonian episode of slow, hemipelagic, basinal sedimentation of organic black muds that formed the Antrim Shale, interrupted basinwide only by deposition of its prodeltaic Paxton Member. Westward, the basinal Antrim black muds intertongued with greenish gray, deltaic and prodeltaic muds of an eastward-prograding delta platform formed by the Ellsworth Shale. Basinal black shale deposition ceased in latest Devonian (late Famennian Lower&nbsp;</span><i>praesulcata</i><span>&nbsp;Zone) time, when the Bedford deltaic complex prograded westward, completely filling the Antrim Basin and even covering part of the older Ellsworth deltaic complex on the west. As sea level was lowered eustatically near the end of the Devonian, the regressive Berea Sandstone terminated deltaic deposition. After an Early Mississippian erosional episode, widespread deposition of the unconformably overlying Lower Mississippian Sunbury Shale began during the next transgression, associated with a major eustatic rise in the Lower&nbsp;</span><i>crenulata</i><span>&nbsp;Zone.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/SPE256-p181","usgsCitation":"Gutschick, R., and Sandberg, C., 1991, Late Devonian history of Michigan basin: Special Paper of the Geological Society of America, v. 256, p. 181-202, https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE256-p181.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"181","endPage":"202","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369552,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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 \"}}]}","volume":"256","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gutschick, R.C.","contributorId":23277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutschick","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sandberg, Charles sandberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":199124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"Charles","email":"sandberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70210203,"text":"70210203 - 1991 - Continental crustal evolution observations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-20T14:08:05.638601","indexId":"70210203","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-26T09:02:38","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3879,"text":"Eos, Earth and Space Science News","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Continental crustal evolution observations","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>How has the continental crust evolved? What are the primary processes responsible for its composition, structure, and mode of deformation? What role do fluids play in deep crustal processes? In the last dozen years, geophysicists have obtained images of the deep continental crust that can be used to examine these questions and refine geologic models of crustal evolution. In this report we summarize recent progress in geophysical studies of the deep continental crust and highlight some of the more important implications of deep crustal processes.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/90EO00380","usgsCitation":"Mooney, W.D., and Meissner, R., 1991, Continental crustal evolution observations: Eos, Earth and Space Science News, v. 72, no. 48, p. 537-541, https://doi.org/10.1029/90EO00380.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"537","endPage":"541","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":374957,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-10-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mooney, Walter D. 0000-0002-5310-3631 mooney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5310-3631","contributorId":3194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mooney","given":"Walter","email":"mooney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":789526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meissner, R.","contributorId":53563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meissner","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":789527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70206857,"text":"70206857 - 1991 - Upper Devonian biostratigraphy of Michigan Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-26T14:11:07.770786","indexId":"70206857","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-25T12:48:30","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upper Devonian biostratigraphy of Michigan Basin","docAbstract":"<p><span>The Late Devonian Michigan Basin was floored by the Middle and Upper Devonian Squaw Bay Limestone, which was deposited during the downwarping that produced the basin within a former Middle Devonian carbonate platform. The Squaw Bay comprises three beds, each having a different conodont fauna. The two upper beds, deposited during the&nbsp;</span><i>transitans</i><span>&nbsp;Zone, have different conodont biofacies that reflect this deepening. The basin was largely filled by the deep-water, anaerobic to dysaerobic, organic-rich, black Antrim Shale, which has a facies relationship with the prodeltaic, greenish gray Ellsworth Shale that prograded into the basin from the west. The Upper Devonian (Frasnian to Famennian) Antrim Shale is divided into four members, from base to top: the Norwood, Paxton, Lachine, and upper members. These members are more or less precisely dated by conodonts. The Norwood was deposited during the&nbsp;</span><i>transitans</i><span>&nbsp;Zone to&nbsp;</span><i>Ancyrognathus triangularis</i><span>&nbsp;Zone, and the Paxton was deposited from that zone probably through the&nbsp;</span><i>linguiformis</i><span>&nbsp;Zone at the end of the Frasnian. The overlying Lachine was deposited during the early Famennian and has yielded faunas of the Upper&nbsp;</span><i>crepida</i><span>&nbsp;and Lower&nbsp;</span><i>rhomboidea</i><span>&nbsp;Zones. Only the lower part of the upper member is exposed, and near Norwood, Michigan, it yielded conodonts of the Lower&nbsp;</span><i>marginifera</i><span>&nbsp;Zone. The widespread Famennian floating plant&nbsp;</span><i>Protosalvinia (Foerstia)</i><span>&nbsp;has not yet been found in outcrops of the Antrim, and should not be expected to occur except in the upper member or highest part of the Lachine Member. Its range in terms of conodont zones is from the Upper&nbsp;</span><i>trachytera</i><span>&nbsp;Zone through the Lower&nbsp;</span><i>expansa</i><span>&nbsp;Zone and possibly into the Middle&nbsp;</span><i>expansa</i><span>&nbsp;Zone. One known subsurface occurrence might be datable as&nbsp;</span><i>rhomboidea</i><span>&nbsp;or Lower&nbsp;</span><i>marginifera</i><span>&nbsp;Zone, depending on gamma ray correlations to outcrops. Black shale deposition ended when the Late Devonian mud delta of the Bedford Shale prograded across the Michigan Basin from the east and then retreated as the regressive Berea Sandstone was being deposited during the major eustatic sea-level fall that ended the Devonian. The Bedford was deposited during the Upper&nbsp;</span><i>expansa</i><span>&nbsp;to Lower&nbsp;</span><i>praesulcata</i><span>&nbsp;Zones, and the Berea was deposited during the Middle to Upper&nbsp;</span><i>praesulcata</i><span>&nbsp;Zones. Both formations contain the spore&nbsp;</span><i>Retispora lepidophyta,</i><span>&nbsp;which is a global indicator of latest Devonian age.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/SPE256-p155","usgsCitation":"Gutschick, R., and Sandberg, C., 1991, Upper Devonian biostratigraphy of Michigan Basin: GSA Special Papers, v. 256, https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE256-p155.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"179","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369553,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Michigan","otherGeospatial":"Michigan 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,{"id":70206854,"text":"70206854 - 1991 - Comment and reply on \"Delle Phosphatic Member: An anomalous phosphatic interval in the Mississippian (Osagean-Meramecian) shelf sequence of central Utah\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-26T14:01:22.581058","indexId":"70206854","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-25T11:59:44","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment and reply on \"Delle Phosphatic Member: An anomalous phosphatic interval in the Mississippian (Osagean-Meramecian) shelf sequence of central Utah\"","docAbstract":"<p><span>No abstract available.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<0410:CARODP>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Sandberg, C., Gutschick, R., Petersen, M.S., Poole, F.G., and Ziegler, W., 1991, Comment and reply on \"Delle Phosphatic Member: An anomalous phosphatic interval in the Mississippian (Osagean-Meramecian) shelf sequence of central Utah\": Geology, v. 19, no. 4, p. 410-412, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<0410:CARODP>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"410","endPage":"412","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369551,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"19","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sandberg, Charles sandberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":199124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"Charles","email":"sandberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gutschick, R.C.","contributorId":23277,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gutschick","given":"R.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Petersen, Morris S.","contributorId":220879,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Petersen","given":"Morris","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":13024,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, Brigham Young University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":776074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Poole, Forrest G. 0000-0001-8487-0799 bpoole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8487-0799","contributorId":1543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poole","given":"Forrest","email":"bpoole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ziegler, Willi","contributorId":220880,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ziegler","given":"Willi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70207090,"text":"70207090 - 1991 - Strain accumulation along the Denali Fault at the Nenana River and Delta River Crossings, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-28T14:33:10.22525","indexId":"70207090","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-24T14:47:34","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Strain accumulation along the Denali Fault at the Nenana River and Delta River Crossings, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Surveys of trilateration networks across the Denali fault at the Nenana River in 1982, 1984, and 1988 and at the Delta River in 1975, 1979, 1982, and 1984 indicate a minor (0.10±0.04 μstrain/yr) northeastward uniaxial extension. The component of right‐lateral shear‐strain accumulation across the fault is not significant at the two‐standard‐deviation level. At the Delta River network the strain accumulation rate decreases rapidly with distance from the fault, but evidence for a similar decrease with distance from the fault is lacking at the Nenana River network. The strain accumulation rates inferred from trilateration are consistent with the very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) measurement reported by Ma et al. (1990) and support their contention that significant right‐lateral shear is not accumulating along the Denali fault at the present time. Savage et al. (1981) had earlier concluded erroneously that preliminary geodetic measurements at the Delta River network demonstrated right‐lateral shear strain accumulation. The absence of significant right‐lateral deformation across the Denali fault in the 1975–1988 interval is in marked contrast with the abundant geomorphic evidence for Holocene right‐lateral secular slip at the rate of 10–20 mm/yr on the Denali fault in this sector.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/91JB01285","usgsCitation":"Savage, J.C., and Lisowski, M., 1991, Strain accumulation along the Denali Fault at the Nenana River and Delta River Crossings, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 96, no. B9, p. 14481-14892, https://doi.org/10.1029/91JB01285.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"14481","endPage":"14892","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370015,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Denali Fault at the Nenana River and Delta River Crossing","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -154.423828125,\n              59.17592824927136\n            ],\n            [\n              -139.04296875,\n              59.17592824927136\n            ],\n            [\n              -139.04296875,\n              64.66151739623564\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.423828125,\n              64.66151739623564\n            ],\n            [\n              -154.423828125,\n              59.17592824927136\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"96","issue":"B9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, James C. 0000-0002-5114-7673 jasavage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":2412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"James","email":"jasavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisowski, Michael 0000-0003-4818-2504 mlisowski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4818-2504","contributorId":637,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"Michael","email":"mlisowski@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70242953,"text":"70242953 - 1991 - Seismic imaging of extended crust with emphasis on the western United States: Discussion and reply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-24T20:26:32.862782","indexId":"70242953","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-01T15:17:47","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic imaging of extended crust with emphasis on the western United States: Discussion and reply","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<1537:SIOECW>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Potter, C.J., McCarthy, J., and Thompson, G.A., 1991, Seismic imaging of extended crust with emphasis on the western United States: Discussion and reply: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 103, no. 11, p. 1537-1542, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<1537:SIOECW>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1537","endPage":"1542","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416176,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-104.053249,41.001406],[-102.124972,41.002338],[-102.051292,40.749591],[-102.04192,37.035083],[-102.979613,36.998549],[-103.002247,36.911587],[-103.064423,32.000518],[-106.565142,32.000736],[-106.577244,31.810406],[-106.750547,31.783706],[-108.208394,31.783599],[-108.208573,31.333395],[-111.000643,31.332177],[-114.813613,32.494277],[-114.722746,32.713071],[-117.118868,32.534706],[-117.50565,33.334063],[-118.088896,33.729817],[-118.428407,33.774715],[-118.519514,34.027509],[-119.159554,34.119653],[-119.616862,34.420995],[-120.441975,34.451512],[-120.608355,34.556656],[-120.644311,35.139616],[-120.873046,35.225688],[-120.884757,35.430196],[-121.851967,36.277831],[-121.932508,36.559935],[-121.788278,36.803994],[-121.880167,36.950151],[-122.140578,36.97495],[-122.419113,37.24147],[-122.511983,37.77113],[-122.425942,37.810979],[-122.168449,37.504143],[-122.144396,37.581866],[-122.385908,37.908136],[-122.301804,38.105142],[-122.484411,38.11496],[-122.492474,37.82484],[-122.972378,38.020247],[-123.103706,38.415541],[-123.725367,38.917438],[-123.851714,39.832041],[-124.373599,40.392923],[-124.063076,41.439579],[-124.536073,42.814175],[-124.150267,43.91085],[-123.962887,45.280218],[-123.996766,46.20399],[-123.548194,46.248245],[-124.029924,46.308312],[-124.06842,46.601397],[-123.97083,46.47537],[-123.84621,46.716795],[-124.022413,46.708973],[-124.108078,46.836388],[-123.86018,46.948556],[-124.138035,46.970959],[-124.425195,47.738434],[-124.672427,47.964414],[-124.727022,48.371101],[-123.981032,48.164761],[-122.748911,48.117026],[-122.637425,47.889945],[-123.15598,47.355745],[-122.527593,47.905882],[-122.578211,47.254804],[-122.725738,47.33047],[-122.691771,47.141958],[-122.796646,47.341654],[-122.863732,47.270221],[-122.67813,47.103866],[-122.364168,47.335953],[-122.429841,47.658919],[-122.230046,47.970917],[-122.425572,48.232887],[-122.358375,48.056133],[-122.512031,48.133931],[-122.424102,48.334346],[-122.689121,48.476849],[-122.425271,48.599522],[-122.796887,48.975026],[-104.048736,48.999877],[-104.053249,41.001406]]],[[[-119.789798,34.05726],[-119.5667,34.053452],[-119.795938,33.962929],[-119.916216,34.058351],[-119.789798,34.05726]]],[[[-118.524531,32.895488],[-118.573522,32.969183],[-118.369984,32.839273],[-118.524531,32.895488]]],[[[-118.500212,33.449592],[-118.32446,33.348782],[-118.593969,33.467198],[-118.500212,33.449592]]],[[[-122.519535,48.288314],[-122.66921,48.240614],[-122.400628,48.036563],[-122.419274,47.912125],[-122.744612,48.20965],[-122.664928,48.374823],[-122.519535,48.288314]]],[[[-122.800217,48.60169],[-122.883759,48.418793],[-123.173061,48.579086],[-122.949116,48.693398],[-122.743049,48.661991],[-122.800217,48.60169]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Arizona\",\"nation\":\"USA 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A.","contributorId":94288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":870344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70125980,"text":"70125980 - 1991 - Sampling methods for amphibians in streams in the Pacific Northwest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T16:46:52","indexId":"70125980","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-01T14:05:04","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"Sampling methods for amphibians in streams in the Pacific Northwest","docAbstract":"Methods describing how to sample aquatic and semiaquatic amphibians in small streams and headwater habitats in the Pacific Northwest are presented.  We developed a technique that samples 10-meter stretches of selected streams, which was adequate to detect presence or absence of amphibian species and provided sample sizes statistically sufficient to compare abundance of individual species among streams.  Physical and biological parameters of stream are described as well as ways to collect amphibians effectively.  The system can be modified for use in a variety of waterways and for different study objectives.  We provide recommendations for improvements on future studies.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station","publisherLocation":"Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Bury, R.B., and Corn, P., 1991, Sampling methods for amphibians in streams in the Pacific Northwest, 29 p.","productDescription":"29 p.","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":294184,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541bf453e4b0e96537ddf85a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bury, R. Bruce buryb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3660,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bury","given":"R.","email":"buryb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Bruce","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501853,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Corn, Paul Stephen 0000-0002-4106-6335","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4106-6335","contributorId":107379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Corn","given":"Paul Stephen","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":501854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70170252,"text":"70170252 - 1991 - Ground water impacts from irrigated ridge tillage","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T10:23:28","indexId":"70170252","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-01T13:45:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Ground water impacts from irrigated ridge tillage","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Irrigation and Drainage---1991 National Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, July 22-26, 1991, Proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Irrigation and Drainage---1991 National Conference","conferenceDate":"July 22-26, 1991","conferenceLocation":"Honolulu, HI","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers, Irrigation & Drainage Division","usgsCitation":"Anderson, H.W., Dowdy, R., and Delin, G., 1991, Ground water impacts from irrigated ridge tillage, <i>in</i> Irrigation and Drainage---1991 National Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, July 22-26, 1991, Proceedings, Honolulu, HI, July 22-26, 1991, p. 604-611.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"604","endPage":"611","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320028,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"570f6db4e4b0ef3b7ca35686","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, H. W. Jr.","contributorId":11187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dowdy, R.H.","contributorId":92275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowdy","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delin, G. N.","contributorId":12834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"G. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70203805,"text":"70203805 - 1991 - Nutrient limitation of clutch size in waterfowl: Is there a universal hypothesis?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-13T12:44:31","indexId":"70203805","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-01T12:40:40","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1318,"text":"Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrient limitation of clutch size in waterfowl: Is there a universal hypothesis?","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press for American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/3247742","usgsCitation":"Drobney, R., 1991, Nutrient limitation of clutch size in waterfowl: Is there a universal hypothesis?: Condor, v. 93, no. 4, p. 1026-1028, https://doi.org/10.2307/3247742.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1026","endPage":"1028","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":364641,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drobney, R.D.","contributorId":26827,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drobney","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":764206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5221095,"text":"5221095 - 1991 - Lead toxicosis in tundra swans near a mining and smelting complex in northern Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-05T17:55:55.878649","indexId":"5221095","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-01T12:18:12","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lead toxicosis in tundra swans near a mining and smelting complex in northern Idaho","docAbstract":"<p><span>Die-offs of waterfowl have occurred in the Coeur d'Alene River system in northern Idaho since at least the early 1900's. We investigated causes of mortality and lead and cadmium contamination of 46 tundra swans (</span><i>Cygnus columbianus</i><span>) from 1987 to 1989; an additional 22 swans found dead in 1990 were not examined. We necropsied 43 of the 46 birds found from 1987 to 1989; 38 of these were from the Coeur d'Alene River system, which has been contaminated with mining and smelting wastes for a century, and the other 5 were from a nearby, relatively uncontaminated area. Of the 36 livers of swans from the contaminated area that were analyzed, 32 contained lethal levels of lead (6 to 40 μg/g, wet weight) and all birds exhibited several symptoms of lead poisoning, notably enlarged gall bladders containing viscous, dark-green bile. Only 13% of the lead-poisoned birds (10% when data were included from other studies of swans in the area) contained shot, compared to 95% of lead-poisoned swans in studies outside northern Idaho. Lead concentrations in blood samples from 16 apparently healthy swans (0.5 to 2.3 μg/g, and 4 lead-poisoned birds found moribund (1.3 to 9.6 μg/g) indicated that tundra swans accumulated high levels of lead from ingestion of sediment that contained up to 8,700 μg/g of lead and plants that contained up to 400 μg/g. The swans spend only a few weeks in the area staging during the spring migration. The five tundra swans from the uncontaminated area had low levels of lead and essentially no symptoms of lead poisoning. Based on the conventional standard of 0.5 μg/g in whole blood as an indicator of lead poisoning, all of the swans in the Coeur d'Alene River system were either lead-poisoned or at risk of developing plumbism.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01183877","usgsCitation":"Blus, L.J., Henny, C.J., Hoffman, D.J., and Grove, R.A., 1991, Lead toxicosis in tundra swans near a mining and smelting complex in northern Idaho: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 21, no. 4, p. 549-555, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01183877.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"549","endPage":"555","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197196,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Coeur d'Alene River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.98399410932898,\n              47.75501060734919\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.98399410932898,\n              47.31907945124988\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.046399574322,\n              47.31907945124988\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.046399574322,\n              47.75501060734919\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.98399410932898,\n              47.75501060734919\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a8302","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blus, Lawrence J.","contributorId":35199,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henny, Charles J. 0000-0001-7474-350X hennyc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-350X","contributorId":3461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"hennyc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":333023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoffman, David J.","contributorId":86075,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":333024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Grove, Robert A.","contributorId":52134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grove","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70126473,"text":"70126473 - 1991 - Role of exposure mode in the bioavailability of triphenyl phosphate to aquatic organisms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-22T16:10:46","indexId":"70126473","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-01T11:53:47","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Role of exposure mode in the bioavailability of triphenyl phosphate to aquatic organisms","docAbstract":"<p><span>A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the role of the route of triphenyl phosphate (TPP) entry on its aquatic bioavailability and acute biological effects. Three TPP treatments were used for exposures of fish and invertebrates. These consisted of TPP dosed directly into water with and without clean sediment and TPP spiked onto sediment prior to aqueous exposures. Results of static acute toxicity tests (no sediment) were 0.78 mg/L (96-h LC50) for bluegill, 0.36 mg/L (48-h EC50) for midge, and 0.25 mg/L (96-h EC50) for scud. At 24 h, the sediment (1.1% organic carbon)/water partition coefficient (Kp) for TPP was 112. Use of this partition coefficient model to predict the sediment-mediated reduction of TPP concentration in water during toxicity tests resulted in a value that was only 10% less than the nominal value. However, the required nominal concentration of TPP to cause acute toxicity responses in test organisms was significantly higher than the predicted value by the model for both clay and soil-derived sediment. Direct spiking of TPP to soil minimized TPP bioavailability. Data from parallel experiments designed to track TPP residues in water through time suggest that sorption kinetics control residue bioavailability in the initial 24 h of exposure and may account for observed differences in LC50 and EC50 values from the sediment treatments.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","publisherLocation":"New York, NY","doi":"10.1007/BF01183868","usgsCitation":"Huckins, J.N., Fairchild, J.F., and Boyle, T., 1991, Role of exposure mode in the bioavailability of triphenyl phosphate to aquatic organisms: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 21, no. 4, p. 481-485, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01183868.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"481","endPage":"485","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":294327,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294326,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01183868"}],"volume":"21","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb2ee4b08312ac7cf0c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huckins, James N.","contributorId":83454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huckins","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fairchild, James F. jfairchild@usgs.gov","contributorId":492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fairchild","given":"James","email":"jfairchild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":502084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyle, Terence P.","contributorId":85214,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyle","given":"Terence P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70126465,"text":"70126465 - 1991 - A modeling assessment of the thermal regime for an urban sport fishery","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-23T11:24:46","indexId":"70126465","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-01T11:21:06","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1547,"text":"Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A modeling assessment of the thermal regime for an urban sport fishery","docAbstract":"Water temperature is almost certainly a limiting factor in the maintenance of a self-sustaining rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>, formerly <i>Salmo gairdneri</i>) and brown trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>) fishery in the lower reaches of the Cache la Poudre River near Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. Irrigation diversions dewater portions of the river, but cold reservoir releases moderate water temperatures during some periods. The US Fish and Wildlife Service’s Stream Network Temperature Model (SNTEMP) was applied to a 31-km segment of the river using readily available stream geometry and hydrological and meteorological data. The calibrated model produced satisfactory water temperature predictions (R<sup>2</sup>=0.88,<i>P</i><0.001, N=49) for a 62-day summer period. It was used to evaluate a variety of flow and nonflow alternatives to keep water temperatures below 23.3°C for the trout. Supplemental flows or reduced diversions of 3 m<sup>3</sup>/sec would be needed to maintain suitable summer temperatures throughout most of the study area. Such flows would be especially beneficial during weekends when current irrigation patterns reduce flows. The model indicated that increasing the riparian shade would result in little improvement in water temperatures but that decreasing the stream width would result in significant temperature reductions. Introduction of a more thermally tolerant redband trout (<i>Oncorhynchus</i> sp.), or smallmouth bass (<i>Micropterus dolomieui</i>) might prove beneficial to the fishery. Construction of deep pools for thermal refugia might also be helpful.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Management","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer-Verlag","publisherLocation":"New York","doi":"10.1007/BF02394821","usgsCitation":"Bartholow, J.M., 1991, A modeling assessment of the thermal regime for an urban sport fishery: Environmental Management, v. 15, no. 6, p. 833-845, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02394821.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"833","endPage":"845","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":294317,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294316,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02394821"}],"volume":"15","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5422bb07e4b08312ac7ceeb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bartholow, John M.","contributorId":77598,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartholow","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":502067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70202996,"text":"70202996 - 1991 - Geographic and temporal variation in the diet of Yellow-headed Blackbirds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-10T10:45:55","indexId":"70202996","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-01T10:44:54","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic and temporal variation in the diet of Yellow-headed Blackbirds","docAbstract":"<p><span>Yellow-headed Blackbirds (</span><i>Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus</i><span>) are presumed predators of sunflower (</span><i>Helianthus annuus</i><span>) in the northern Great Plains. Their esophageal contents varied temporally and among three provinces and three states in relation to regional agricultural bases but males contained more sunflower and small grains than females whereas females contained more weed seeds and insects than males. The diets of both sexes frequently included insects but insects comprised only a small proportion of the total dry weight of esophageal contents. In north-central North Dakota, sunflower represented about 50% of the esophageal contents of males in spring and fall but comprised less than 20% of the female diet. Small grains comprised about 25% of the female diet in all seasons and about 40% of summer diet of males. Insects represented about 50% of the diet of females until mid-summer when insects were largely replaced by weed seeds.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/3247732","usgsCitation":"Twedt, D.J., Bleier, W.J., and Linz, G.M., 1991, Geographic and temporal variation in the diet of Yellow-headed Blackbirds: The Condor, v. 93, no. 4, p. 975-986, https://doi.org/10.2307/3247732.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"975","endPage":"986","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479668,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3247732","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":362882,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"93","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Twedt, Daniel J. 0000-0003-1223-5045 dtwedt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1223-5045","contributorId":398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Twedt","given":"Daniel","email":"dtwedt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":760725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bleier, William J.","contributorId":66833,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bleier","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linz, George M.","contributorId":32859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linz","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70125932,"text":"70125932 - 1991 - Geographic distribution of <i>Molossops neglectus</i> Williams and Genoways (Chiroptera: Molossidae)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-18T10:13:17","indexId":"70125932","displayToPublicDate":"1991-11-01T10:12:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic distribution of <i>Molossops neglectus</i> Williams and Genoways (Chiroptera: Molossidae)","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Mammalogy","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Mammalogists","publisherLocation":"Provo, UT","doi":"10.2307/1381852","usgsCitation":"Ascorra, C.F., Wilson, D.E., and Handley, C.O., 1991, Geographic distribution of <i>Molossops neglectus</i> Williams and Genoways (Chiroptera: Molossidae): Journal of Mammalogy, v. 72, no. 4, p. 828-830, https://doi.org/10.2307/1381852.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"828","endPage":"830","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":503836,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://zotero.org/groups/5435545/items/57EN68NY","text":"External Repository"},{"id":294114,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294113,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1381852"}],"volume":"72","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"541bf42ee4b0e96537ddf6ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ascorra, Cesar F.","contributorId":76664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ascorra","given":"Cesar","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501724,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, Don E.","contributorId":22254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Don","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Handley, Charles O. Jr.","contributorId":47300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Handley","given":"Charles","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":501723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70186287,"text":"70186287 - 1991 - Calcareous nannofossils and forarninifers from Paleocene and Eocene strata in Maryland and Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-31T16:32:10","indexId":"70186287","displayToPublicDate":"1991-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Calcareous nannofossils and forarninifers from Paleocene and Eocene strata in Maryland and Virginia","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Paleocene-Eocene boundary sedimentation in the Potomac River valley, Virginia and Maryland","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Bybell, L., and Gibson, T., 1991, Calcareous nannofossils and forarninifers from Paleocene and Eocene strata in Maryland and Virginia, chap. <i>of</i> Paleocene-Eocene boundary sedimentation in the Potomac River valley, Virginia and Maryland, p. 15-29.","productDescription":"15 p. ","startPage":"15","endPage":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":339071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e35f94e4b09da67997ed48","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bybell, L.M. 0000-0002-4760-7542","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-7542","contributorId":11220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bybell","given":"L.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibson, T. G.","contributorId":190324,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibson","given":"T. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70186286,"text":"70186286 - 1991 - Potomac River Paleocene and Eocene","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-03T14:31:09","indexId":"70186286","displayToPublicDate":"1991-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Potomac River Paleocene and Eocene","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Paleocene­ Eocene boundary sedimentation in the Potomac River valley, Virginia and Maryland","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Bybell, L., 1991, Potomac River Paleocene and Eocene, chap. <i>of</i> Paleocene­ Eocene boundary sedimentation in the Potomac River valley, Virginia and Maryland, p. 85-124.","productDescription":"40 p. ","startPage":"85","endPage":"124","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":339070,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e35f93e4b09da67997ed40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bybell, L.M. 0000-0002-4760-7542","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-7542","contributorId":11220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bybell","given":"L.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":688161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016477,"text":"70016477 - 1991 - U and Sr Isotopes in ground water and calcite, Yucca Mountain, Nevada: Evidence against upwelling water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-17T16:13:21.200139","indexId":"70016477","displayToPublicDate":"1991-10-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U and Sr Isotopes in ground water and calcite, Yucca Mountain, Nevada: Evidence against upwelling water","docAbstract":"<p><span>Hydrogenic calcite and opaline silica deposits in fault zones at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, have created considerable public and scientific controversy because of the possible development of a high-level nuclear waste repository at this location. Strontium and uranium isotopic compositions of hydrogenic materials were used to test whether the veins could have formed by upwelling of deep-seated waters. The vein deposits are isotopically distinct from ground water in the two aquifers that underlie Yucca Mountain, indicating that the calcite could not have precipitated from ground water. The data are consistent with a surficial origin for the hydrogenic deposits.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.254.5031.551","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Stuckless, J., Peterman, Z.E., and Muhs, D., 1991, U and Sr Isotopes in ground water and calcite, Yucca Mountain, Nevada: Evidence against upwelling water: Science, v. 254, no. 5031, p. 551-554, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.254.5031.551.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"551","endPage":"554","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223223,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","otherGeospatial":"Yucca Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.4754965489916,\n              36.95028865477464\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.4754965489916,\n              36.91498620089705\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.4267296085084,\n              36.91498620089705\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.4267296085084,\n              36.95028865477464\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.4754965489916,\n              36.95028865477464\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"254","issue":"5031","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb9bae4b08c986b327d7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stuckless, J. S.","contributorId":6060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuckless","given":"J. S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterman, Z. E.","contributorId":63781,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Z.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muhs, D.R. 0000-0001-7449-251X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":61460,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"D.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70016460,"text":"70016460 - 1991 - Rapid formation of Ontong Java Plateau by Aptian mantle plume volcanism","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-17T16:18:35.493187","indexId":"70016460","displayToPublicDate":"1991-10-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid formation of Ontong Java Plateau by Aptian mantle plume volcanism","docAbstract":"<p><span>The timing of flood basalt volcanism associated with formation of the Ontong Java Plateau (OJP) is estimated from paleomagnetic and paleontologic data. Much of OJP formed rapidly in less than 3 million years during the early Aptian, at the beginning of the Cretaceous Normal Polarity Superchron. Crustal emplacement rates are inferred to have been several times those of the Deccan Traps. These estimates are consistent with an origin of the OJP by impingement at the base of the oceanic lithosphere by the head of a large mantle plume. Formation of the OJP may have led to a rise in sea level that induced global oceanic anoxia. Carbon dioxide emissions likely contributed to the mid-Cretaceous greenhouse climate but did not provoke major biologic extinctions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.254.5030.399","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Tarduno, J., Sliter, W., Kroenke, L., Leckie, M., Mayer, H., Mahoney, J., Musgrave, R., Storey, M., and Winterer, E., 1991, Rapid formation of Ontong Java Plateau by Aptian mantle plume volcanism: Science, v. 254, no. 5030, p. 399-403, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.254.5030.399.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"399","endPage":"403","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223170,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"254","issue":"5030","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a94e2e4b0c8380cd81694","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tarduno, J.A.","contributorId":20898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tarduno","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sliter, W.V.","contributorId":38997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sliter","given":"W.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kroenke, L.","contributorId":101814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kroenke","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373612,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Leckie, M.","contributorId":15767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leckie","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mayer, H.","contributorId":108255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373613,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Mahoney, J.J.","contributorId":56381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahoney","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Musgrave, R.","contributorId":55965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Musgrave","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Storey, M.","contributorId":74882,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Storey","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Winterer, E.L.","contributorId":47009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winterer","given":"E.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
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