Remote sensing-based field-scale evapotranspiration (ET) maps are useful for characterizing water use patterns and assessing crop performance. The relative impact of climate variability and water management decisions are better studied and quantified using historical data that are derived using a set of consistent datasets and methodology. Historical (1984–2014) Landsat-based ET maps were generated for major irrigation districts in California, i.e., Palo Verde and eight other sub-basins in parts of the middle and lower Central Valley. A total of 3396 Landsat images were processed using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model that integrates weather and remotely sensed images to estimate monthly and annual ET within the study sites over the 31 years. Model output evaluation and validation using gridded-flux data and water balance ET approaches indicated relatively good correspondence (R2 up to 0.88, root mean square error as low as 14 mm/month) between SSEBop ET and validation datasets. In a pairwise comparison, annual variability of agro-hydrologic parameters of actual evapotranspiration (ETa), land surface temperature (Ts), and runoff (Q) were found to be more variable than their corresponding climatic counterparts of atmospheric water demand (ETo), air temperature (Ta), and precipitation (P), revealing process differences between regional climatic drivers and localized agro-hydrologic responses. However, only Ta showed a consistent increase (up to 1.2 K) over study sites during the 31 years, whereas other climate variables such as ETo and P showed a generally neutral trend. This study demonstrates a useful application of “Big Data” science where large volumes of historical Landsat and weather datasets were used to quantify and understand the relative importance of water management and climate variability in crop water use dynamics in regards to the linkages among water management decisions, hydrologic processes and economic transactions. Irrigation district-wide ETa estimates were used to compute historical crop water use volumes and monetary equivalents of water savings for the Palo Verde Irrigation District (PVID). During the peak crop fallowing year in PVID, the water saved reached a maximum of ~ 107,200 acre-feet in 2011 with an estimated monetary payout value of $20.5 million. A significant decreasing trend in actual ET despite an increasing atmospheric demand in PVID highlights the role of management decisions in affecting local hydrologic processes. This study has importance for planning water resource allocation, managing water rights, sustaining agricultural production, and quantifying impacts of climate and land use/land cover changes on water resources. With increased computational efficiency, similar studies can be conducted in other parts of the world to help policy and decision makers understand and quantify various aspects of water resources management.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rse.2017.05.005","usgsCitation":"Senay, G.B., Schauer, M., Friedrichs, M., Velpuri, N., and Singh, R., 2017, Satellite-based water use dynamics using historical Landsat data (1984–2014) in the southwestern United States: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 202, p. 98-112, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.05.005.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"98","endPage":"112","ipdsId":"IP-084512","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493296,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.05.005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":493191,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.40977836532282,\n 42.04933677309765\n ],\n [\n -123.16675091874134,\n 36.46673710104686\n ],\n [\n -118.58307879273526,\n 32.705501119947826\n ],\n [\n -113.73717874196483,\n 32.12914120007623\n ],\n [\n -113.88408063137007,\n 35.268837865873046\n ],\n [\n -114.8258516238531,\n 35.43740401775197\n ],\n [\n -117.48081678552326,\n 37.20400442230724\n ],\n [\n -120.03564230020528,\n 39.18700095919894\n ],\n [\n -120.18220374157768,\n 41.98136883976758\n ],\n [\n -125.40977836532282,\n 42.04933677309765\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"202","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schauer, Matthew 0000-0002-4198-3379","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4198-3379","contributorId":216909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schauer","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Friedrichs, MacKenzie 0000-0002-9602-321X mfriedrichs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9602-321X","contributorId":5847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friedrichs","given":"MacKenzie","email":"mfriedrichs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Velpuri, Naga Manohar 0000-0002-6370-1926","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6370-1926","contributorId":216911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Velpuri","given":"Naga Manohar ","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Singh, Ramesh 0000-0002-8164-3483","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8164-3483","contributorId":210983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Singh","given":"Ramesh","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70187787,"text":"70187787 - 2017 - A hierarchical model for estimating the spatial distribution and abundance of animals detected by continuous-time recorders","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-21T10:19:21","indexId":"70187787","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-17T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A hierarchical model for estimating the spatial distribution and abundance of animals detected by continuous-time recorders","docAbstract":"Several spatial capture-recapture (SCR) models have been developed to estimate animal abundance by analyzing the detections of individuals in a spatial array of traps. Most of these models do not use the actual dates and times of detection, even though this information is readily available when using continuous-time recorders, such as microphones or motion-activated cameras. Instead most SCR models either partition the period of trap operation into a set of subjectively chosen discrete intervals and ignore multiple detections of the same individual within each interval, or they simply use the frequency of detections during the period of trap operation and ignore the observed times of detection. Both practices make inefficient use of potentially important information in the data.
We developed a hierarchical SCR model to estimate the spatial distribution and abundance of animals detected with continuous-time recorders. Our model includes two kinds of point processes: a spatial process to specify the distribution of latent activity centers of individuals within the region of sampling and a temporal process to specify temporal patterns in the detections of individuals. We illustrated this SCR model by analyzing spatial and temporal patterns evident in the camera-trap detections of tigers living in and around the Nagarahole Tiger Reserve in India. We also conducted a simulation study to examine the performance of our model when analyzing data sets of greater complexity than the tiger data.
Our approach provides three important benefits: First, it exploits all of the information in SCR data obtained using continuous-time recorders. Second, it is sufficiently versatile to allow the effects of both space use and behavior of animals to be specified as functions of covariates that vary over space and time. Third, it allows both the spatial distribution and abundance of individuals to be estimated, effectively providing a species distribution model, even in cases where spatial covariates of abundance are unknown or unavailable. We illustrated these benefits in the analysis of our data, which allowed us to quantify differences between nocturnal and diurnal activities of tigers and to estimate their spatial distribution and abundance across the study area. Our continuous-time SCR model allows an analyst to specify many of the ecological processes thought to be involved in the distribution, movement, and behavior of animals detected in a spatial trapping array of continuous-time recorders. We plan to extend this model to estimate the population dynamics of animals detected during multiple years of SCR surveys.
Serological data are one of the primary sources of information for disease monitoring in wildlife. However, the duration of the seropositive status of exposed individuals is almost always unknown for many free-ranging host species. Directly estimating rates of antibody loss typically requires difficult longitudinal sampling of individuals following seroconversion. Instead, we propose a Bayesian statistical approach linking age and serological data to a mechanistic epidemiological model to infer brucellosis infection, the probability of antibody loss, and recovery rates of elk (Cervus canadensis) in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. We found that seroprevalence declined above the age of ten, with no evidence of disease-induced mortality. The probability of antibody loss was estimated to be 0.70 per year after a five-year period of seropositivity and the basic reproduction number for brucellosis to 2.13. Our results suggest that individuals are unlikely to become re-infected because models with this mechanism were unable to reproduce a significant decline in seroprevalence in older individuals. This study highlights the possible implications of antibody loss, which could bias our estimation of critical epidemiological parameters for wildlife disease management based on serological data.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10393-017-1235-z","usgsCitation":"Benavides, J., Caillaud, D., Scurlock, B.M., Maichak, E.J., Edwards, W., and Cross, P.C., 2017, Estimating loss of Brucella abortus antibodies from age-specific serological data in elk: EcoHealth, v. 14, no. 2, p. 234-243, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-017-1235-z.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"234","endPage":"243","ipdsId":"IP-058311","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-017-1235-z","text":"External Repository"},{"id":341372,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591c0fc7e4b0a7fdb43ddee6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benavides, J. A.","contributorId":192067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Benavides","given":"J. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695322,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Caillaud, D.","contributorId":192068,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caillaud","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scurlock, B. M.","contributorId":192069,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scurlock","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maichak, E. J.","contributorId":192070,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maichak","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Edwards, W.H.","contributorId":192071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Edwards","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":695326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213 pcross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":2709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul","email":"pcross@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695321,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70187745,"text":"70187745 - 2017 - Long-term and widespread changes in agricultural practices influence ring-necked pheasant abundance in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T15:32:39","indexId":"70187745","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Long-term and widespread changes in agricultural practices influence ring-necked pheasant abundance in California","docAbstract":"Declines in bird populations in agricultural regions of North America and Europe have been attributed to agricultural industrialization, increases in use of agrochemical application, and increased predation related to habitat modification. Based on count data compiled from Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) from 1974 to 2012, Christmas Bird Count (CBC) collected from 1914 to 2013, and hunter data from Annual Game Take Survey (AGTS) for years 1948–2010, ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) in California have experienced substantial declines in agricultural environments. Using a modeling approach that integrates all three forms of survey data into a joint response abundance index, we found pheasant abundance was related to the amount of harvested and unharvested crop land, types of crops produced, amount of total pesticide applied, minimum temperature, precipitation, and numbers of avian competitors and predators. Specifically, major changes in agricultural practices over the last three decades were associated with declines in pheasant numbers and likely reflected widespread loss of habitat. For example, increases in cropland were associated with increased pheasant abundance during early years of study but this effect decreased through time, such that no association in recent years was evidenced. A post hoc analysis revealed that crops beneficial to pheasant abundance (e.g., barley) have declined substantially in recent decades and were replaced by less advantageous crops (e.g., nut trees). An additional analysis using a restricted data set (1990–2013) indicated recent negative impacts on pheasant numbers associated with land use practices were also associated with relatively high levels of pesticide application. Our results may provide valuable information for management policies aimed at reducing widespread declines in pheasant populations in California and may be applicable to other avian species within agricultural settings. Furthermore, this general analytical approach is not limited to pheasants and could be applied to other taxa for which multiple survey data sources exist.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.2675","usgsCitation":"Coates, P.S., Brussee, B.E., Howe, K., Fleskes, J., Dwight, I., Connelly, D.P., Meshriy, M., and Gardner, S.C., 2017, Long-term and widespread changes in agricultural practices influence ring-necked pheasant abundance in California: Ecology and Evolution, v. 7, no. 8, p. 2546-2559, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2675.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2546","endPage":"2559","ipdsId":"IP-075891","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461589,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2675","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341391,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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shift from pelagic to neritic habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-16T15:30:05","indexId":"70187746","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characterization of the juvenile green turtle (Chelonia mydas) microbiome throughout an ontogenetic shift from pelagic to neritic habitats","docAbstract":"The gut microbiome of herbivorous animals consists of organisms that efficiently digest the structural carbohydrates of ingested plant material. Green turtles (Chelonia mydas) provide an interesting model of change in these microbial communities because they undergo a pronounced shift from a surface-pelagic distribution and omnivorous diet to a neritic distribution and herbivorous diet. As an alternative to direct sampling of the gut, we investigated the cloacal microbiomes of juvenile green turtles before and after recruitment to neritic waters to observe any changes in their microbial community structure. Cloacal swabs were taken from individual turtles for analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences using Illumina sequencing. One fecal sample was also obtained, allowing for a preliminary comparison with the bacterial community of the cloaca. We found significant variation in the juvenile green turtle bacterial communities between pelagic and neritic habitats, suggesting that environmental and dietary factors support different bacterial communities in green turtles from these habitats. This is the first study to characterize the cloacal microbiome of green turtles in the context of their ontogenetic shifts, which could provide valuable insight into the origins of their gut bacteria and how the microbial community supports their shift to herbivory.
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Assigning behaviors to accelerometer data often involves the use of captive animals or surrogate species, as their accelerometer signatures are generally assumed to be similar to those of their wild counterparts. However, this has rarely been tested. Validated accelerometer data are needed for polar bears Ursus maritimus to understand how habitat conditions may influence behavior and energy demands. We used accelerometer and water conductivity data to remotely distinguish 10 polar bear behaviors. We calibrated accelerometer and conductivity data collected from collars with behaviors observed from video-recorded captive polar bears and brown bears U. arctos, and with video from camera collars deployed on free-ranging polar bears on sea ice and on land. We used random forest models to predict behaviors and found strong ability to discriminate the most common wild polar bear behaviors using a combination of accelerometer and conductivity sensor data from captive or wild polar bears. In contrast, models using data from captive brown bears failed to reliably distinguish most active behaviors in wild polar bears. Our ability to discriminate behavior was greatest when species- and habitat-specific data from wild individuals were used to train models. Data from captive individuals may be suitable for calibrating accelerometers, but may provide reduced ability to discriminate some behaviors. The accelerometer calibrations developed here provide a method to quantify polar bear behaviors to evaluate the impacts of declines in Arctic sea ice.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter Research","doi":"10.3354/esr00779","usgsCitation":"Pagano, A.M., Rode, K.D., Cutting, A., Owen, M., Jensen, S., Ware, J., Robbins, C., Durner, G.M., Atwood, T.C., Obbard, M., Middel, K., Thiemann, G., and Williams, T., 2017, Using tri-axial accelerometers to identify wild polar bear behaviors: Endangered Species Research, v. 32, p. 19-33, https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00779.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"33","ipdsId":"IP-075328","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37273,"text":"Advanced Research Computing (ARC)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469849,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00779","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341323,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"591abe31e4b0a7fdb43c8be5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pagano, Anthony M. 0000-0003-2176-0909 apagano@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2176-0909","contributorId":3884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pagano","given":"Anthony","email":"apagano@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":695220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rode, Karyn D. 0000-0002-3328-8202 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G.W.","contributorId":192051,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thiemann","given":"G.W.","affiliations":[{"id":27291,"text":"York University, Toronto, ON","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Williams, T.M.","contributorId":192052,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":695232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70188569,"text":"70188569 - 2017 - Potential human impacts of overlapping land-use and climate in a sensitive dryland: a case study of the Colorado Plateau, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-23T12:00:47","indexId":"70188569","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Potential human impacts of overlapping land-use and climate in a sensitive dryland: a case study of the Colorado Plateau, USA","docAbstract":"Climate and land-use interactions are likely to affect future environmental and socioeconomic conditions in drylands, which tend to be limited by water resources and prone to land degradation. We characterized the potential for interactions between land-use types and land-use and climate change in a model dryland system, the Colorado Plateau, a region with a history of climatic variability and land-use change. We analyzed the spatial and temporal trends in aridification, land-use, and recreation at the county and 10 km2 grid scales. Our results show that oil and gas development and recreation may interact due to increasing trends and overlapping areas of high intensity. Projections suggest that aridification will impact all vegetation classes, with some of the highest proportional change in the south-east. The results suggest that the rate of change and spatial pattern of land-use in the future may differ from past patterns in land-use scale and intensity.","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1823","usgsCitation":"Copeland, S.M., Bradford, J.B., Duniway, M.C., and Schuster, R., 2017, Potential human impacts of overlapping land-use and climate in a sensitive dryland: a case study of the Colorado Plateau, USA: Ecosphere, v. 8, no. 5, p. 1-25, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1823.","productDescription":"25 p. ","startPage":"1","endPage":"25","ipdsId":"IP-073626","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469850,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1823","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438345,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F72J6B1M","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Potential Land-use Intensity, Aridification Trends, Overlap, and Impact Scenarios, Geospatial Data, Colorado Plateau, USA"},{"id":342569,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Colorado Plateau","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.54394531249999,\n 33.779147331286474\n ],\n [\n -105.31494140625,\n 33.779147331286474\n ],\n [\n -105.31494140625,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -112.54394531249999,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -112.54394531249999,\n 33.779147331286474\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59439c94e4b062508e31a9a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Copeland, Stella M. 0000-0001-6707-4803 scopeland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6707-4803","contributorId":169538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Copeland","given":"Stella","email":"scopeland@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradford, John B. 0000-0001-9257-6303 jbradford@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9257-6303","contributorId":611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradford","given":"John","email":"jbradford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duniway, Michael C. 0000-0002-9643-2785 mduniway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9643-2785","contributorId":4212,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duniway","given":"Michael","email":"mduniway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schuster, Rudy 0000-0003-2353-8500 schusterr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2353-8500","contributorId":3119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuster","given":"Rudy","email":"schusterr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":698386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70187689,"text":"70187689 - 2017 - Challenges for creating a site-specific groundwater-use record for the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system (central USA) from 1900 to 2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-22T16:44:26","indexId":"70187689","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-15T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Challenges for creating a site-specific groundwater-use record for the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system (central USA) from 1900 to 2010","docAbstract":"Hydrologic budgets to determine groundwater availability are important tools for water-resource managers. One challenging component for developing hydrologic budgets is quantifying water use through time because historical and site-specific water-use data can be sparse or poorly documented. This research developed a groundwater-use record for the Ozark Plateaus aquifer system (central USA) from 1900 to 2010 that related county-level aggregated water-use data to site-specific well locations and aquifer units. A simple population-based linear model, constrained to 0 million liters per day in 1900, provided the best means to extrapolate groundwater-withdrawal rates pre-1950s when there was a paucity of water-use data. To disaggregate county-level data to individual wells across a regional aquifer system, a programmatic hierarchical process was developed, based on the level of confidence that a well pumped groundwater for a specific use during a specific year. Statistical models tested on a subset of the best-available site-specific water-use data provided a mechanism to bracket historic groundwater use, such that groundwater-withdrawal rates ranged, on average, plus or minus 38% from modeled values. Groundwater withdrawn for public supply and domestic use accounted for between 48 and 74% of total groundwater use since 1901, highlighting that groundwater provides an important drinking-water resource. The compilation, analysis, and spatial and temporal extrapolation of water-use data remain a challenging task for water scientists, but is of paramount importance to better quantify groundwater use and availability.
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Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-16T16:18:07","indexId":"sim3359","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-12T08:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":333,"text":"Scientific Investigations Map","code":"SIM","onlineIssn":"2329-132X","printIssn":"2329-1311","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"3359","title":"Bedrock and structural geologic maps of eastern Candor Sulci, western Ceti Mensa, and southeastern Ceti Mensa, Candor Chasma, Valles Marineris region of Mars","docAbstract":"This map product contains a set of three 1:18,000-scale maps showing the geology and structure of study areas in the western Candor Chasma region of Valles Marineris, Mars. These maps are part of an informal series of large-scale maps and map-based topical studies aimed at refining current understanding of the geologic history of western Candor Chasma. The map bases consist of digital elevation models and orthorectified images derived from High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) data. These maps are accompanied by geologic cross sections, colorized elevation maps, and cutouts of HiRISE images showing key superposition relations. Also included in this product is a Correlation of Map Units that integrates units across all three map areas, as well as an integrated Description of Map Units and an integrated Explanation of Map Symbols. The maps were assembled using ArcGIS software produced by Environmental Systems Research Institute (http://www.esri.com). The ArcGIS projects and databases associated with each map are included online as supplemental data.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sim3359","collaboration":"Prepared for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration","usgsCitation":"Okubo, C.H., and Gaither, T.A., 2017, Bedrock and structural geologic maps of eastern Candor Sulci, western Ceti Mensa, and southeastern Ceti Mensa, Candor Chasma, Valles Marineris region of Mars: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3359, pamphlet 12 p., scale 1:18,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3359.","productDescription":"2 Sheets: 46.89 x 39.22 inches and 43.00 x 51.70 inches; Pamphlet: i, 12 p.; GIS files; Basemaps; Metadata","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073122","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340816,"rank":3,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/sim3359_sheet.1.pdf","text":"Sheet 1","size":"42 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3359"},{"id":340815,"rank":2,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/sim3359_pamphlet.pdf","text":"Pamphlet","size":"944 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3359"},{"id":340817,"rank":4,"type":{"id":26,"text":"Sheet"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/sim3359_sheet2.pdf","text":"Sheet 2","size":"23.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIM 3359"},{"id":341003,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/sim3359_gis.zip","text":"GIS Files","size":"502 MB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIM 3359"},{"id":341074,"rank":7,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/sim3359_fullresolutionbasemaps.zip","text":"Full resolution basemaps","size":"3.7 GB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIM 3359"},{"id":340818,"rank":5,"type":{"id":16,"text":"Metadata"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/sim3359_metadata.zip","text":"Metadata","size":"19.6 KB","linkFileType":{"id":6,"text":"zip"},"description":"SIM 3359"},{"id":340807,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sim/3359/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Astrogeology Research Program staff
Astrogeology Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2255 N. Gemini Dr.
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
Pamphlet Contents
Estimating thermal performance of organisms is critical for understanding population distributions and dynamics and predicting responses to climate change. Typically, performance curves are estimated using laboratory studies to isolate temperature effects, but other abiotic and biotic factors influence temperature-performance relationships in nature reducing these models' predictive ability. We present a model for estimating thermal performance curves from repeated field observations that includes environmental and individual variation. We fit the model in a Bayesian framework using MCMC sampling, which allowed for estimation of unobserved latent growth while propagating uncertainty. Fitting the model to simulated data varying in sampling design and parameter values demonstrated that the parameter estimates were accurate, precise, and unbiased. Fitting the model to individual growth data from wild trout revealed high out-of-sample predictive ability relative to laboratory-derived models, which produced more biased predictions for field performance. The field-based estimates of thermal maxima were lower than those based on laboratory studies. Under warming temperature scenarios, field-derived performance models predicted stronger declines in body size than laboratory-derived models, suggesting that laboratory-based models may underestimate climate change effects. The presented model estimates true, realized field performance, avoiding assumptions required for applying laboratory-based models to field performance, which should improve estimates of performance under climate change and advance thermal ecology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecy.1801","usgsCitation":"Childress, E., and Letcher, B.H., 2017, Estimating thermal performance curves from repeated field observations: Ecology, v. 98, no. 5, p. 1377-1387, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1801.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1377","endPage":"1387","ipdsId":"IP-082628","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341242,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5916c9afe4b044b359e48684","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Childress, Evan 0000-0001-8632-3078 echildress@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8632-3078","contributorId":191994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childress","given":"Evan","email":"echildress@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":694996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Letcher, Benjamin H. 0000-0003-0191-5678 bletcher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-5678","contributorId":149617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letcher","given":"Benjamin","email":"bletcher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694995,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70187645,"text":"70187645 - 2017 - Informing recovery in a human-transformed landscape: Drought-mediated coexistence alters population trends of an imperiled salamander and invasive predators","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-12T09:26:39","indexId":"70187645","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Informing recovery in a human-transformed landscape: Drought-mediated coexistence alters population trends of an imperiled salamander and invasive predators","docAbstract":"Understanding the additive or interactive threats of habitat transformation and invasive species is critical for conservation, especially where climate change is expected to increase the severity or frequency of drought. In the arid southwestern USA, this combination of stressors has caused widespread declines of native aquatic and semi-aquatic species. Achieving resilience to drought and other effects of climate change may depend upon continued management, so understanding the combined effects of stressors is important. We used Bayesian hierarchical models fitted with 10-years of pond-based monitoring surveys for the federally-endangered Sonoran Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma mavortium stebbinsi) and invasive predators (fishes and American Bullfrogs, Lithobates catesbeianus) that threaten native species. We estimated trends in occupancy of salamanders and invasive predators while accounting for hydrological dynamics of ponds, then used a two-species interaction model to directly estimate how invasive predators affected salamander occupancy. We also tested a conceptual model that predicted that drought, by limiting the distribution of invasive predators, could ultimately benefit native species. Even though occupancy of invasive predators was stationary and their presence in a pond reduced the probability of salamander presence by 23%, occupancy of Sonoran Tiger Salamanders increased, annually, by 2.2%. Occupancy of salamanders and invasive predators both declined dramatically following the 5th consecutive year of drought. Salamander occupancy recovered quickly after return to non-drought conditions, while occupancy of invasive predators remained suppressed. Models that incorporated three time-lagged periods (1 to 4 years) of local moisture conditions confirmed that salamanders and invasive predators responded differently to drought, reflecting how life-history strategies shape responses to disturbances. The positive 10-year trend in salamander occupancy and their rapid recovery after drought provided partial support for the hypothesis of drought-mediated coexistence with invasive predators. These results also suggest management opportunities for conservation of the Sonoran Tiger Salamander and other imperiled organisms in human-transformed landscapes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Oxford","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2017.03.004","usgsCitation":"Hossack, B.R., Honeycutt, R.K., Sigafus, B.H., Muths, E.L., Crawford, C.L., Jones, T.R., Sorensen, J.A., Rorabaugh, J.C., and Chambert, T., 2017, Informing recovery in a human-transformed landscape: Drought-mediated coexistence alters population trends of an imperiled salamander and invasive predators: Biological Conservation, v. 209, p. 377-394, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.03.004.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"377","endPage":"394","ipdsId":"IP-079083","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469856,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.03.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":341184,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Arizona, Sonora","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.77583312988281,\n 31.26387862248445\n ],\n [\n -110.30548095703125,\n 31.26387862248445\n ],\n [\n -110.30548095703125,\n 31.54460103811182\n ],\n [\n -110.77583312988281,\n 31.54460103811182\n ],\n [\n -110.77583312988281,\n 31.26387862248445\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"209","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5916c9b0e4b044b359e48688","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564 blake_hossack@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":1177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake","email":"blake_hossack@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Honeycutt, R. Ken 0000-0002-7157-7195 rhoneycutt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7157-7195","contributorId":156282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honeycutt","given":"R.","email":"rhoneycutt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Ken","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sigafus, Brent H. 0000-0002-7422-8927 bsigafus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7422-8927","contributorId":4534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sigafus","given":"Brent","email":"bsigafus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132 muthse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":1260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","email":"muthse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crawford, Catherine L.","contributorId":191976,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crawford","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jones, Thomas R.","contributorId":167620,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":24784,"text":"Arizona Game and Fish Department, 5000 West Carefree Highway, Phoenix, Arizona 85086, United States","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sorensen, Jeff A.","contributorId":191977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sorensen","given":"Jeff","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Rorabaugh, James C.","contributorId":191978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rorabaugh","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Chambert, Thierry 0000-0002-9450-9080 tchambert@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-9080","contributorId":191979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chambert","given":"Thierry","email":"tchambert@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70187642,"text":"70187642 - 2017 - Atmospheric deposition to forests in the eastern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-12T09:42:09","indexId":"70187642","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atmospheric deposition to forests in the eastern USA","docAbstract":"Atmospheric mercury (Hg) deposition to forests is important because half of the land cover in the eastern USA is forest. Mercury was measured in autumn litterfall and weekly precipitation samples at a total of 27 National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) monitoring sites in deciduous and mixed deciduous-coniferous forests in 16 states in the eastern USA during 2007–2014. These simultaneous, uniform, repeated, annual measurements of forest Hg include the broadest area and longest time frame to date. The autumn litterfall-Hg concentrations and litterfall mass at the study sites each year were combined with annual precipitation-Hg data. Rates of litterfall-Hg deposition were higher than or equal to precipitation-Hg deposition rates in 70% of the annual data, which indicates a substantial contribution from litterfall to total atmospheric-Hg deposition. Annual litterfall-Hg deposition in this study had a median of 11.7 μg per square meter per year (μg/m2/yr) and ranged from 2.2 to 23.4 μg/m2/yr. It closely matched modeled dry-Hg deposition, based on land cover at selected NADP Hg-monitoring sites. Mean annual atmospheric-Hg deposition at forest study sites exhibited a spatial pattern partly explained by statistical differences among five forest-cover types and related to the mapped density of Hg emissions. Forest canopies apparently recorded changes in atmospheric-Hg concentrations over time because litterfall-Hg concentrations decreased year to year and litterfall-Hg concentrations were significantly higher in 2007–2009 than in 2012–2014. These findings reinforce reported decreases in Hg emissions and atmospheric elemental-Hg concentrations during this same time period. Methylmercury (MeHg) was detected in all litterfall samples at all sites, compared with MeHg detections in less than half the precipitation samples at selected sites during the study. These results indicate MeHg in litterfall is a pathway into the terrestrial food web where it can accumulate in the prey of songbirds, bats, and raptors.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.004","usgsCitation":"Risch, M.R., DeWild, J.F., Gay, D.A., Zhang, L., Boyer, E.W., and Krabbenhoft, D.P., 2017, Atmospheric deposition to forests in the eastern USA: Environmental Pollution, v. 228, p. 8-18, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.004.","productDescription":"11 p. 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the Arbuckle Group in Oklahoma derived from well fluid level response to the 3 September 2016 Mw 5.8 Pawnee and 7 November 2016 Mw 5.0 Cushing earthquakes","docAbstract":"The Arbuckle Group (Arbuckle) is a basal sedimentary unit that is the primary target for saltwater disposal in Oklahoma. Thus, the reservoir characteristics of the Arbuckle, including how the poroelastic properties change laterally and over time are of significant interest. We report observations of fluid level changes in two monitoring wells in response to the 3 September 2016 Mw 5.8 Pawnee and the 7 November 2016 Mw 5.0 Cushing earthquakes. We investigate the relationship between static strain resulting from these events and the fluid level changes observed in the wells. We model the fluid level response by estimating static strains from a set of earthquake source parameters and spatiotemporal poroelastic properties of the Arbuckle in the neighborhood of the monitoring wells. Results suggest that both the direction of the observed fluid level step and the amplitude can be predicted from the computed volumetric strain change and a reasonable set of poroelastic parameters. Modeling results indicate that poroelastic parameters differ at the time of the Pawnee and Cushing earthquakes, with a moderately higher Skempton’s coefficient required to fit the response to the Cushing earthquake. This may indicate that dynamic shaking resulted in physical alteration of the Arbuckle at distances up to ∼50 km from the Pawnee earthquake.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0220160228","usgsCitation":"Kroll, K.A., Cochran, E.S., and Murray, K., 2017, Poroelastic properties of the Arbuckle Group in Oklahoma derived from well fluid level response to the 3 September 2016 Mw 5.8 Pawnee and 7 November 2016 Mw 5.0 Cushing earthquakes: Seismological Research Letters, v. 88, no. 4, p. 963-970, https://doi.org/10.1785/0220160228.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"963","endPage":"970","ipdsId":"IP-082784","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341099,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","city":"Cushing, Pawnee","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.75,\n 35.75\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 35.75\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -97.75,\n 37\n ],\n [\n -97.75,\n 35.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"88","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-05-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59154632e4b01a342e6912d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kroll, Kayla A.","contributorId":146335,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kroll","given":"Kayla","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6984,"text":"UC Riverside","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cochran, Elizabeth S. 0000-0003-2485-4484 ecochran@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484","contributorId":2025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cochran","given":"Elizabeth","email":"ecochran@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Murray, Kyle E.","contributorId":31825,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"Kyle E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694782,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70187611,"text":"70187611 - 2017 - Variable terrestrial GPS telemetry detection rates: Addressing the probability of successful acquisitions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-27T13:21:27","indexId":"70187611","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variable terrestrial GPS telemetry detection rates: Addressing the probability of successful acquisitions","docAbstract":"Studies using global positioning system (GPS) telemetry rarely result in 100% fix success rates (FSR), which may bias datasets because data loss is systematic rather than a random process. Previous spatially explicit models developed to correct for sampling bias have been limited to small study areas, a small range of data loss, or were study-area specific. We modeled environmental effects on FSR from desert to alpine biomes, investigated the full range of potential data loss (0–100% FSR), and evaluated whether animal body position can contribute to lower FSR because of changes in antenna orientation based on GPS detection rates for 4 focal species: cougars (Puma concolor), desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis nelsoni), Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni), and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). Terrain exposure and height of over story vegetation were the most influential factors affecting FSR. Model evaluation showed a strong correlation (0.88) between observed and predicted FSR and no significant differences between predicted and observed FSRs using 2 independent validation datasets. We found that cougars and canyon-dwelling bighorn sheep may select for environmental features that influence their detectability by GPS technology, mule deer may select against these features, and elk appear to be nonselective. We observed temporal patterns in missed fixes only for cougars. We provide a model for cougars, predicting fix success by time of day that is likely due to circadian changes in collar orientation and selection of daybed sites. We also provide a model predicting the probability of GPS fix acquisitions given environmental conditions, which had a strong relationship (r 2 = 0.82) with deployed collar FSRs across species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.758","usgsCitation":"Ironside, K.E., Mattson, D.J., Choate, D., Stoner, D., Arundel, T.R., Hansen, J.R., Theimer, T., Holton, B., Jansen, B., Sexton, J.O., Longshore, K.M., Edwards, T.C., and Peters, M., 2017, Variable terrestrial GPS telemetry detection rates: Addressing the probability of successful acquisitions: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 41, no. 2, p. 329-341, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.758.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"329","endPage":"341","ipdsId":"IP-055599","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500018,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/5007fd72bf21419c89d80ab4052700e0","text":"External Repository"},{"id":438347,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7PG1PT2","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Variable Terrestrial GPS Telemetry Detection Rates: Parts 1 - 7Data"},{"id":341101,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"41","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59154632e4b01a342e6912da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ironside, Kirsten E. 0000-0003-1166-3793 kironside@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1166-3793","contributorId":3379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ironside","given":"Kirsten","email":"kironside@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mattson, David J. david_mattson@usgs.gov","contributorId":3662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mattson","given":"David","email":"david_mattson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Choate, David","contributorId":172339,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Choate","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stoner, David","contributorId":191912,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stoner","given":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Arundel, Terence R. 0000-0003-0324-4249 tarundel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0324-4249","contributorId":139242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arundel","given":"Terence","email":"tarundel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hansen, Jered R.","contributorId":191913,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Jered","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Theimer, Tad","contributorId":191914,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Theimer","given":"Tad","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Holton, Brandon","contributorId":191915,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holton","given":"Brandon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Jansen, Brian","contributorId":191917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jansen","given":"Brian","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Sexton, Joseph O.","contributorId":191918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sexton","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Longshore, Kathleen M. 0000-0001-6621-1271 longshore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6621-1271","contributorId":2677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longshore","given":"Kathleen","email":"longshore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Edwards, Thomas C. Jr. 0000-0002-0773-0909 tce@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-0909","contributorId":2061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"Thomas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"tce@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Peters, Michael","contributorId":191919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}} ,{"id":70187640,"text":"70187640 - 2017 - Causal mechanisms of soil organic matter decomposition: Deconstructing salinity and flooding impacts in coastal wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-29T08:28:05","indexId":"70187640","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Causal mechanisms of soil organic matter decomposition: Deconstructing salinity and flooding impacts in coastal wetlands","docAbstract":"Coastal wetlands significantly contribute to global carbon storage potential. Sea-level rise and other climate change-induced disturbances threaten coastal wetland sustainability and carbon storage capacity. It is critical that we understand the mechanisms controlling wetland carbon loss so that we can predict and manage these resources in anticipation of climate change. However, our current understanding of the mechanisms that control soil organic matter decomposition, in particular the impacts of elevated salinity, are limited, and literature reports are contradictory. In an attempt to improve our understanding of these complex processes, we measured root and rhizome decomposition and developed a causal model to identify and quantify the mechanisms that influence soil organic matter decomposition in coastal wetlands that are impacted by sea-level rise. We identified three causal pathways: 1) a direct pathway representing the effects of flooding on soil moisture, 2) a direct pathway representing the effects of salinity on decomposer microbial communities and soil biogeochemistry, and 3) an indirect pathway representing the effects of salinity on litter quality through changes in plant community composition over time. We used this model to test the effects of alternate scenarios on the response of tidal freshwater forested wetlands and oligohaline marshes to short- and long-term climate-induced disturbances of flooding and salinity. In tidal freshwater forested wetlands, the model predicted less decomposition in response to drought, hurricane salinity pulsing, and long-term sea-level rise. In contrast, in the oligohaline marsh, the model predicted no change in response to sea-level rise, and increased decomposition following a drought or a hurricane salinity pulse. Our results show that it is critical to consider the temporal scale of disturbance and the magnitude of exposure when assessing the effects of salinity intrusion on carbon mineralization in coastal wetlands. Here we identify three causal mechanisms that can reconcile disparities between long-term and short-term salinity impacts on organic matter decomposition.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ecy.1890","usgsCitation":"Stagg, C.L., Schoolmaster, D., Krauss, K.W., Cormier, N., and Conner, W.H., 2017, Causal mechanisms of soil organic matter decomposition: Deconstructing salinity and flooding impacts in coastal wetlands: Ecology, v. 98, no. 8, p. 2003-2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1890.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2003","endPage":"2018","ipdsId":"IP-080130","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":341158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":5,"text":"Lafayette PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59154630e4b01a342e6912d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stagg, Camille L. 0000-0002-1125-7253 staggc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1125-7253","contributorId":4111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stagg","given":"Camille","email":"staggc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schoolmaster, Donald 0000-0003-0910-4458 schoolmasterd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0910-4458","contributorId":156350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schoolmaster","given":"Donald","email":"schoolmasterd@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krauss, Ken W. 0000-0003-2195-0729 kraussk@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2195-0729","contributorId":2017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krauss","given":"Ken","email":"kraussk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cormier, Nicole 0000-0003-2453-9900 cormiern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2453-9900","contributorId":4262,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cormier","given":"Nicole","email":"cormiern@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Conner, William H.","contributorId":79376,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conner","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70187561,"text":"70187561 - 2017 - Development of a coastal drought index using salinity data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-09T11:20:57","indexId":"70187561","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1112,"text":"Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society","onlineIssn":"1520-0477","printIssn":"0003-0007","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development of a coastal drought index using salinity data","docAbstract":"A critical aspect of the uniqueness of coastal drought is the effects on the salinity dynamics of creeks, rivers, and estuaries. The location of the freshwater–saltwater interface along the coast is an important factor in the ecological and socioeconomic dynamics of coastal communities. Salinity is a critical response variable that integrates hydrologic and coastal dynamics including sea level, tides, winds, precipitation, streamflow, and tropical storms. The position of the interface determines the composition of freshwater and saltwater aquatic communities as well as the freshwater availability for water intakes. Many definitions of drought have been proposed, with most describing a decline in precipitation having negative impacts on the water supply. Indices have been developed incorporating data such as rainfall, streamflow, soil moisture, and groundwater levels. These water-availability drought indices were developed for upland areas and may not be ideal for characterizing coastal drought. The availability of real-time and historical salinity datasets provides an opportunity for the development of a salinity-based coastal drought index. An approach similar to the standardized precipitation index (SPI) was modified and applied to salinity data obtained from sites in South Carolina and Georgia. Using the SPI approach, the index becomes a coastal salinity index (CSI) that characterizes coastal salinity conditions with respect to drought periods of higher-saline conditions and wet periods of higher-freshwater conditions. Evaluation of the CSI indicates that it provides additional coastal response information as compared to the SPI and the Palmer hydrologic drought index, and the CSI can be used for different estuary types and for comparison of conditions along coastlines.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Meteorological Society","doi":"10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00171.1","usgsCitation":"Conrads, P., and Darby, L.S., 2017, Development of a coastal drought index using salinity data: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, v. 98, no. 4, p. 753-766, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00171.1.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"753","endPage":"766","ipdsId":"IP-067018","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340993,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-04-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5912d536e4b0e541a03d451b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conrads, Paul 0000-0003-0408-4208 pconrads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0408-4208","contributorId":764,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conrads","given":"Paul","email":"pconrads@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Darby, Lisa S.","contributorId":191873,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Darby","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70187573,"text":"ofr20171050 - 2017 - Geophysical data collected during the 2014 minute 319 pulse flow on the Colorado River below Morelos Dam, United States and Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-09T18:05:56","indexId":"ofr20171050","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1050","title":"Geophysical data collected during the 2014 minute 319 pulse flow on the Colorado River below Morelos Dam, United States and Mexico","docAbstract":"Geophysical methods were used to monitor infiltration during a water release, referred to as a “pulse flow,” in the Colorado River delta in March and April 2014. The pulse flow was enabled by Minute 319 of the 1944 United States–Mexico Treaty concerning water of the Colorado River. Fieldwork was carried out by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada as part of a binational effort to monitor the hydrologic effects of the pulse flow along the limitrophe (border) reach of the Colorado River and into Mexico. Repeat microgravity measurements were made at 25 locations in the southern limitrophe reach to quantify aquifer storage change during the pulse flow. Observed increases in storage along the river were greater with distance to the south, and the amount of storage change decreased away from the river channel. Gravity data at four monitoring well sites indicate specific yield equal to 0.32±0.05. Electromagnetic induction methods were used at 12 transects in the limitrophe reach of the river along the United States– Mexico border, and farther south into Mexico. These data, which are sensitive to variation in soil texture and water content, suggest relatively homogeneous conditions. Repeat direct-current resistivity measurements were collected at two locations to monitor groundwater elevation. Results indicate rapid groundwater-level rise during the pulse flow in the limitrophe reach and smaller variation at a more southern transect. Together, these data are useful for hydrogeologic characterization and hydrologic model development. Electronic data files are provided in the accompanying data release (Kennedy and others, 2016a).
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171050","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with Universidad Autónoma de Baja California and Centro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de Ensenada","usgsCitation":"Kennedy, J.R., Callegary, J.B., Macy, J.P., Reyes-Lopez, J., Pérez-Flores, M., 2017, Geophysical data collected during the 2014 minute 319 pulse flow on the Colorado River below Morelos Dam, United States and Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1050, 48 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171050.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 48 Pp.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"56","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-067382","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438349,"rank":4,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K935M8","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Geophysical Data Collected during the 2014 Minute 319 Pulse Flow"},{"id":341001,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1050/ofr20171050.pdf","text":"Report","size":"8.51 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1050"},{"id":341000,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1050/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":341002,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7K935M8","text":"Data Release"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Arizona, Baja California, California","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River, Morelos Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115,\n 32.33333\n ],\n [\n -114.5,\n 32.33333\n ],\n [\n -114.5,\n 32.75\n ],\n [\n -115,\n 32.75\n ],\n [\n -115,\n 32.33333\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
Wildfire is increasingly a concern in the USA, where 10 million acres burned in 2015. Climate is a primary driver of wildfire, and understanding fire-climate relationships is crucial for informing fire management and modeling the effects of climate change on fire. In the southwestern USA, fire-climate relationships have been informed by tree-ring data that extend centuries prior to the onset of fire exclusion in the late 1800s. Variability in cool-season precipitation has been linked to fire occurrence, but the effects of the summer North American monsoon on fire are less understood, as are the effects of climate on fire seasonality. We use a new set of reconstructions for cool-season (October–April) and monsoon-season (July–August) moisture conditions along with a large new fire scar dataset to examine relationships between multi-seasonal climate variability, fire extent, and fire seasonality in the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico (1599–1899 CE). Results suggest that large fires burning in all seasons are strongly influenced by the current year cool-season moisture, but fires burning mid-summer to fall are also influenced by monsoon moisture. Wet conditions several years prior to the fire year during the cool season, and to a lesser extent during the monsoon season, are also important for spring through late-summer fires. Persistent cool-season drought longer than 3 years may inhibit fires due to the lack of moisture to replenish surface fuels. This suggests that fuels may become increasingly limiting for fire occurrence in semi-arid regions that are projected to become drier with climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10584-017-1958-4","usgsCitation":"Margolis, E.Q., Woodhouse, C.A., and Swetnam, T.W., 2017, Drought, multi-seasonal climate, and wildfire in northern New Mexico: Climatic Change, v. 142, no. 3, p. 433-446, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-017-1958-4.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"433","endPage":"446","ipdsId":"IP-086088","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10584-017-1958-4","text":"External Repository"},{"id":340995,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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85721","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Swetnam, Thomas W.","contributorId":191872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swetnam","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":694570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70187509,"text":"ofr20171055 - 2017 - Evaluation of Caspian tern (Hydroprogne caspia) and snowy plover (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) nesting on modified islands at the Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge, California—2016 Annual Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-01T17:07:30","indexId":"ofr20171055","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-08T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1055","title":"Evaluation of Caspian tern (Hydroprogne caspia) and snowy plover (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) nesting on modified islands at the Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge, California—2016 Annual Report","docAbstract":"In order to address the 2008/10 and Supplemental 2014 NOAA Fisheries Biological Opinion for operation of the Federal Columbia River Power System, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) developed and have begun implementation of Caspian tern (Hydroprogne caspia) management plans. This implementation includes redistribution of the Caspian terns in the Columbia River estuary and the mid-Columbia River region to reduce predation on salmonids listed under the Endangered Species Act. Key elements of the plans include (1) reducing nesting habitat for Caspian terns in the Columbia River estuary and the mid-Columbia River region, and (2) creating or modifying nesting habitat at alternative sites within the Caspian tern breeding range. USACE and Reclamation developed Caspian tern nesting habitat at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge (DENWR), California, prior to the 2015 nesting season. Furthermore, to reduce or eliminate potential conflicts between nesting Caspian terns and threatened western snowy plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus), nesting habitat for snowy plovers also was developed. Seven recently constructed islands within two managed ponds (Ponds A16 and SF2) of DENWR were modified to provide habitat attractive to nesting Caspian terns (5 islands) and snowy plovers (2 islands). These 7 islands were a subset of 46 islands recently constructed in Ponds A16 and SF2 to provide waterbird nesting habitat as part of the South Bay Salt Pond (SBSP) Restoration Project.
We used social attraction methods (decoys and electronic call systems) to attract Caspian terns and snowy plovers to these seven modified islands, and conducted surveys between March and September of 2015 and 2016 to evaluate nest numbers, nest density, and productivity. Results from the 2015 nesting season, the first year of the study, indicated that island modifications and social attraction measures were successful in establishing Caspian tern breeding colonies at Ponds A16 and SF2 of DENWR. The success of 2015 continued in 2016, the second year of the study. In 2016, Caspian terns nested on two of the five islands modified for Caspian terns (one island in Pond A16 and one island in Pond SF2). Caspian terns initiated at least 317 nests, fledged at least 158 chicks, and had a breeding success rate of 0.50 fledged chicks per breeding pair. This represents a 42 percent increase in nests initiated, a 9 percent decrease in the number of fledged chicks, and a 36 percent decrease in the number of chicks fledged per breeding pair in 2016 compared to 2015. Although overall productivity decreased from 2015, these results indicate that the Caspian tern breeding population on modified islands of the DENWR is increasing relative to 2015, the first year of the effort, and relative to years prior to 2015 when no breeding colonies of Caspian terns existed in Ponds A16 or SF2. These results indicate the effectiveness of social attraction measures in helping to establish tern nesting colonies in San Francisco Bay. Conversely, for the second year in a row, snowy plovers did not attempt to nest on any island in Ponds A16 and SF2. Social attraction measures similar to those used in this study, but targeting other colonial species such as Forster’s terns (Sterna forsteri) and American avocets (Recurvirostra americana), may help to establish waterbird breeding colonies at wetlands enhanced as part of the SBSP Restoration Project.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171055","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the Bureau of Reclamation","usgsCitation":"Hartman, C.A., Ackerman, J.T., Herzog, M.P., Strong, Cheryl, Trachtenbarg, David, and Shore, C.A., 2017, Evaluation of Caspian tern (Hydroprogne caspia) and snowy plover (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) nesting on modified islands at the Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge, California—2016 Annual Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017-1055, 37 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171055.","productDescription":"vi, 37 p.","numberOfPages":"48","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-083253","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340952,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1055/ofr20171055.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017-1055"},{"id":340951,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1055/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.26409912109375,\n 37.41052799460727\n ],\n [\n -121.90292358398438,\n 37.41052799460727\n ],\n [\n -121.90292358398438,\n 37.6289157524452\n ],\n [\n -122.26409912109375,\n 37.6289157524452\n ],\n [\n -122.26409912109375,\n 37.41052799460727\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Western Ecological Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3020 State University Drive East
Sacramento, California 95819
One essential component in forecasting seismic hazards is observing the gradual accumulation of tectonic strain accumulation along faults before this strain is suddenly released as earthquakes. Typically, seismic hazard models are based on geologic estimates of slip rates along faults and historical records of seismic activity, neither of which records actively accumulating strain. But this strain can be estimated by geodesy: the precise measurement of tiny position changes of Earth’s surface, obtained from GPS, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR), or a variety of other instruments.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1029/2017EO067343","usgsCitation":"Evans, E., 2017, Using strain rates to forecast seismic hazards: Eos, Earth and Space Science News, v. 98, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017EO067343.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-080754","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469870,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2017eo067343","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340856,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"98","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"590d8f30e4b0e541a03a8354","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evans, Eileen 0000-0002-7290-5269 eevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7290-5269","contributorId":167021,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"Eileen","email":"eevans@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70187507,"text":"70187507 - 2017 - Patterns in Greater Sage-grouse population dynamics correspond with public grazing records at broad scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-23T12:46:32","indexId":"70187507","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1450,"text":"Ecological Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Patterns in Greater Sage-grouse population dynamics correspond with public grazing records at broad scales","docAbstract":"Human land use, such as livestock grazing, can have profound yet varied effects on wildlife interacting within common ecosystems, yet our understanding of land-use effects is often generalized from short-term, local studies that may not correspond with trends at broader scales. Here we used public land records to characterize livestock grazing across Wyoming, USA, and we used Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) as a model organism to evaluate responses to livestock management. With annual counts of male Sage-grouse from 743 leks (breeding display sites) during 2004–2014, we modeled population trends in response to grazing level (represented by a relative grazing index) and timing across a gradient in vegetation productivity as measured by the Normalized Vegetation Difference Index (NDVI). We found grazing can have both positive and negative effects on Sage-grouse populations depending on the timing and level of grazing. Sage-grouse populations responded positively to higher grazing levels after peak vegetation productivity, but populations declined when similar grazing levels occurred earlier, likely reflecting the sensitivity of cool-season grasses to grazing during peak growth periods. We also found support for the hypothesis that effects of grazing management vary with local vegetation productivity. These results illustrate the importance of broad-scale analyses by revealing patterns in Sage-grouse population trends that may not be inferred from studies at finer scales, and could inform sustainable grazing management in these ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/eap.1512","usgsCitation":"Monroe, A., Aldridge, C.L., Assal, T.J., Veblen, K.E., Pyke, D.A., and Casazza, M.L., 2017, Patterns in Greater Sage-grouse population dynamics correspond with public grazing records at broad scales: Ecological Applications, v. 27, no. 4, p. 1096-1107, https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1512.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1096","endPage":"1107","ipdsId":"IP-073681","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37273,"text":"Advanced Research Computing (ARC)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438352,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F70K26RK","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Evaluating population responses of Greater sage-grouse to 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\"}}]}","volume":"27","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-03-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"590d8f2fe4b0e541a03a8350","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Monroe, Adrian P. 0000-0003-0934-8225 amonroe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0934-8225","contributorId":152209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monroe","given":"Adrian P.","email":"amonroe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aldridge, Cameron L. 0000-0003-3926-6941 aldridgec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3926-6941","contributorId":191773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldridge","given":"Cameron","email":"aldridgec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":694235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Assal, Timothy J. 0000-0001-6342-2954 assalt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6342-2954","contributorId":2203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Assal","given":"Timothy","email":"assalt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694231,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Veblen, Kari E.","contributorId":76872,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Veblen","given":"Kari","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":694232,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Pyke, David A. 0000-0002-4578-8335 david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8335","contributorId":3118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyke","given":"David","email":"david_a_pyke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Casazza, Michael L. 0000-0002-5636-735X mike_casazza@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5636-735X","contributorId":2091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Casazza","given":"Michael","email":"mike_casazza@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70187495,"text":"70187495 - 2017 - Oil and gas development influences big-game hunting in Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-05T11:05:27","indexId":"70187495","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oil and gas development influences big-game hunting in Wyoming","docAbstract":"Development from extracting oil and gas resources can have unintended effects on multiple ecosystem functions, with cascading effects on wildlife, ecosystem services, and local economies. Big-game hunting opportunities may be closely related to these effects, but empirical analyses of impacts of energy development on hunting are limited. We examined the influence of oil and gas development density on harvest efficiency, or harvest per unit of hunter effort, within all hunt areas in Wyoming, USA, from 2008 to 2014 for 3 big-game species: elk (Cervus canadensis), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and pronghorn (Antilocapra americana). Using harvest/hunter day as the response variable, we compared linear mixed-effects models for each species that included total well density (i.e., all wells constructed up to the year of record), active well density (i.e., only those wells currently producing oil or gas in that year), or neither as a predictor variable. We used well densities as indicators of development in the absence of data specifying the locations of other oil and gas infrastructure (e.g., roads, well pads). Models also accounted for the fixed effects of road density, hunter density, proportion of the area that is public land with unrestricted hunter access, proportion of the area that is forested, year of observation, and random effects of variation among hunt areas nested within associated game herd units. Presence of oil and gas wells had a positive influence on harvest efficiency for elk and mule deer. Although there was no overall effect to pronghorn, there was a negative influence of wells on juvenile pronghorn harvest efficiency. Changes in harvest efficiency due to expanding oil and gas development could alter the time spent hunting by hunters and their chances of harvesting an animal. This could have subsequent impacts on hunter satisfaction, game populations, and economic revenue generated from recreational hunters.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21205","usgsCitation":"Dorning, M., Garman, S.L., Diffendorfer, J., Semmens, D.J., Hawbaker, T., and Bagstad, K.J., 2017, Oil and gas development influences big-game hunting in Wyoming: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 81, no. 3, p. 379-392, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21205.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"379","endPage":"392","ipdsId":"IP-075405","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340855,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":694192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70182142,"text":"sir20175010 - 2017 - Simulation of groundwater flow in the glacial aquifer system of northeastern Wisconsin with variable model complexity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T15:33:55","indexId":"sir20175010","displayToPublicDate":"2017-05-04T12:30:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-5010","title":"Simulation of groundwater flow in the glacial aquifer system of northeastern Wisconsin with variable model complexity","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey, National Water-Quality Assessment seeks to map estimated intrinsic susceptibility of the glacial aquifer system of the conterminous United States. Improved understanding of the hydrogeologic characteristics that explain spatial patterns of intrinsic susceptibility, commonly inferred from estimates of groundwater age distributions, is sought so that methods used for the estimation process are properly equipped. An important step beyond identifying relevant hydrogeologic datasets, such as glacial geology maps, is to evaluate how incorporation of these resources into process-based models using differing levels of detail could affect resulting simulations of groundwater age distributions and, thus, estimates of intrinsic susceptibility.
This report describes the construction and calibration of three groundwater-flow models of northeastern Wisconsin that were developed with differing levels of complexity to provide a framework for subsequent evaluations of the effects of process-based model complexity on estimations of groundwater age distributions for withdrawal wells and streams. Preliminary assessments, which focused on the effects of model complexity on simulated water levels and base flows in the glacial aquifer system, illustrate that simulation of vertical gradients using multiple model layers improves simulated heads more in low-permeability units than in high-permeability units. Moreover, simulation of heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity fields in coarse-grained and some fine-grained glacial materials produced a larger improvement in simulated water levels in the glacial aquifer system compared with simulation of uniform hydraulic conductivity within zones. The relation between base flows and model complexity was less clear; however, the relation generally seemed to follow a similar pattern as water levels. Although increased model complexity resulted in improved calibrations, future application of the models using simulated particle tracking is anticipated to evaluate if these model design considerations are similarly important for understanding the primary modeling objective - to simulate reasonable groundwater age distributions.
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\"}}]}","publicComments":"National Water-Quality Assessment","contact":"Director, Wisconsin Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
8505 Research Way
Middleton, WI 53562
This assessment was conducted to fulfill the requirements of section 712 of the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 and to improve understanding of factors influencing carbon balance in ecosystems of Hawai‘i. Ecosystem carbon storage, carbon fluxes, and carbon balance were examined for major terrestrial ecosystems on the seven main Hawaiian islands in two time periods: baseline (from 2007 through 2012) and future (projections from 2012 through 2061). The assessment incorporated observed data, remote sensing, statistical methods, and simulation models. The national assessment has been completed for the conterminous United States, using methodology described in SIR 2010-5233, with results provided in three regional reports (PP 1804, PP 1797, and PP 1897), and for Alaska, with results provided in PP 1826.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/pp1834","usgsCitation":"Selmants, P.C., Giardina, C.P., Jacobi, J.D., and Zhu, Zhiliang, eds., 2017, Baseline and projected future carbon storage and carbon fluxes in ecosystems of Hawai‘i: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1834, 134 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1834.","productDescription":"vii, 134 p.","numberOfPages":"146","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-077242","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340802,"rank":18,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1787","text":"Professional Paper 1787","linkHelpText":"- Baseline and projected future carbon storage and greenhouse-gas fluxes in the Great Plains Region of the United States"},{"id":340799,"rank":15,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/pp1826","text":"Professional Paper 1826","linkHelpText":"- Baseline and projected future carbon storage and greenhouse-gas fluxes in ecosystems of Alaska"},{"id":340797,"rank":13,"type":{"id":6,"text":"Chapter"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/a/pp1834_chapter8.pdf","text":"Chapter 8. Projected Future Carbon Storage and Carbon Fluxes in Terrestrial Ecosystems of Hawai‘i From Changes in Climate, Land Use, and Disturbance","size":"4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1826","linkHelpText":"- By Benjamin M. Sleeter, Jinxun Liu, Colin J. Daniel, Todd J. Hawbaker, Tamara S. Wilson, Lucas B. Fortini, James D. Jacobi, Paul C. Selmants, Christian P. Giardina, Creighton M. Litton, and R. Flint Hughes"},{"id":340796,"rank":12,"type":{"id":6,"text":"Chapter"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/a/pp1834_chapter7.pdf","text":"Chapter 7. Baseline and Projected Future Aquatic Carbon Fluxes to Nearshore Waters in Hawai‘i","size":"2.2 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1826","linkHelpText":"- By Richard A. MacKenzie, Ayron M. Strauch, Tracy N. Wiegner, Steven L. Colbert, Edward G. Stets, and Robert G. Streigl"},{"id":340794,"rank":10,"type":{"id":6,"text":"Chapter"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/a/pp1834_chapter5.pdf","text":"Chapter 5. Wildland Fires and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Hawai‘i","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1826","linkHelpText":"- By Todd J. Hawbaker, Clay Trauernicht, Stephen M. Howard, Creighton M. Litton, Christian P. Giardina, James D. Jacobi, Lucas B. Fortini, R. Flint Hughes, Paul C. Selmants, and Zhiliang Zhu"},{"id":340791,"rank":7,"type":{"id":6,"text":"Chapter"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/a/pp1834_chapter2.pdf","text":"Chapter 2. Baseline Land Cover","size":"3.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1826","linkHelpText":"- By James D. Jacobi, Jonathan P. Price, Lucas B. Fortini, Samuel M. Gon III, and Paul Berkowitz"},{"id":340821,"rank":5,"type":{"id":6,"text":"Chapter"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/a/pp1834_executive_summary.pdf","text":"Executive Summary","size":"250 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1826","linkHelpText":"- By Paul C. Selmants, Christian P. Giardina, James D. Jacobi, Lucas B. Fortini, R. Flint Hughes, Todd J. Hawbaker, Richard A. MacKenzie, Benjamin M. Sleeter, and Zhiliang Zhu"},{"id":340803,"rank":19,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20105233","text":"Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5233","linkHelpText":"- A method for assessing carbon stocks, carbon sequestration, and greenhouse-gas fluxes in ecosystems of the United States under present conditions and future scenarios"},{"id":340798,"rank":14,"type":{"id":6,"text":"Chapter"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/a/pp1834_chapter9.pdf","text":"Chapter 9. Hawai‘i Carbon Balance","size":"600 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1826","linkHelpText":"- By Paul C. Selmants, Christian P. Giardina, Benjamin M.Sleeter, Jinxun Liu, and Zhiliang Zhu"},{"id":340786,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/a/pp1834.pdf","text":"Report","size":"23 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1826"},{"id":340787,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":340788,"rank":3,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/a/pp1834_cover.pdf","text":"Covers","size":"5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1826"},{"id":340789,"rank":4,"type":{"id":2,"text":"Additional Report Piece"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/a/pp1834_front.pdf","text":"Front Matter","size":"241 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1826"},{"id":340790,"rank":6,"type":{"id":6,"text":"Chapter"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/a/pp1834_chapter1.pdf","text":"Chapter 1. Scope and Methodology","size":"665 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1826","linkHelpText":"- By Christian P. Giardina, Paul C. Selmants, and James D. Jacobi"},{"id":340792,"rank":8,"type":{"id":6,"text":"Chapter"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/a/pp1834_chapter3.pdf","text":"Chapter 3. Projecting End-of-Century Shifts in the Spatial Pattern of Plant-Available Water Across Hawai‘i to Assess Implications to Vegetation Shifts","size":"5.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1826","linkHelpText":"- By Lucas B. Fortini, James D. Jacobi, and Jonathan P. Price"},{"id":340793,"rank":9,"type":{"id":6,"text":"Chapter"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/a/pp1834_chapter4.pdf","text":"Chapter 4. Influence of Invasive Species on Carbon Storage in Hawai‘i’s Ecosystems","size":"620 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1826","linkHelpText":"- By R. Flint Hughes, Gregory P. Asner, Creighton M. Litton, Paul C. Selmants, Todd J. Hawbaker, James D. Jacobi, Christian P. Giardina, and Benjamin M. Sleeter"},{"id":340795,"rank":11,"type":{"id":6,"text":"Chapter"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1834/a/pp1834_chapter6.pdf","text":"Chapter 6. Baseline Carbon Storage and Carbon Fluxes in Terrestrial Ecosystems of Hawai‘i","size":"2.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"PP 1826","linkHelpText":"- By Paul C. Selmants, Christian P. Giardina, Sinan Sousan, David E. Knapp, Heather L. Kimball, Todd J. Hawbaker, Alvaro Moreno, Jami Seirer, Steve W. Running, Tomoaki Miura, Rafael Bergstrom, R. Flint Hughes, Creighton M. Litton, and Gregory P. Asner"},{"id":342057,"rank":20,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7DB80B9","text":"Hawaii Land Cover and Habitat Status","linkHelpText":"(Chapter 2)"},{"id":340800,"rank":16,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1804","text":"Professional Paper 1804","linkHelpText":"- Baseline and projected future carbon storage and greenhouse-gas fluxes in ecosystems of the Eastern United States"},{"id":340801,"rank":17,"type":{"id":22,"text":"Related Work"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/pp1797","text":"Professional Paper 1797","linkHelpText":"- Baseline and projected future carbon storage and greenhouse-gas fluxes in ecosystems of the Western United States"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","contact":"Land Change Science Program
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
MS 519A National Center
Reston, VA 20192