{"pageNumber":"4344","pageRowStart":"108575","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165881,"records":[{"id":27617,"text":"wri874086 - 1987 - Simulation of trickle irrigation, an extension to the US Geological Survey's computer program VS2D","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:43","indexId":"wri874086","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4086","title":"Simulation of trickle irrigation, an extension to the US Geological Survey's computer program VS2D","docAbstract":"A method is presented for simulating water movement through unsaturated porous media in response to a constant rate of application from a surface source. Because the rate at which water can be absorbed by soil is limited, the water will pond; therefore the actual surface area over which the water is applied may change with time and in general will not be known beforehand. An iterative method is used to determine the size of this ponded area at any time. This method will be most useful for simulating trickling irrigation, but also may be of value for simulating movement of water is soils as the result of an accidental spill. The method is an extension to the finite difference computer program VS2D developed by the U.S. Geological Survey, which simulates water movement through variably saturated porous media. The simulated region can be a vertical, 2-dimensional cross section for treatment of a surface line source or an axially symmetric, 3-dimensional cylinder for a point source. Five test problems, obtained from the literature , are used to demonstrate the ability of the method to accurately match analytical and experimental results. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874086","usgsCitation":"Healy, R.W., 1987, Simulation of trickle irrigation, an extension to the US Geological Survey's computer program VS2D: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4086, v, 61 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874086.","productDescription":"v, 61 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159005,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4086/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56478,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4086/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dee4b07f02db5e29db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Healy, R. W.","contributorId":89872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Healy","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27902,"text":"wri874039 - 1987 - Hydraulic analyses of water-surface profiles in the vicinity of the Coamo Dam and Highway 52 bridge, southern Puerto Rico: Flood analyses as related to the flood of October 7, 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-02T22:57:52.939281","indexId":"wri874039","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4039","title":"Hydraulic analyses of water-surface profiles in the vicinity of the Coamo Dam and Highway 52 bridge, southern Puerto Rico: Flood analyses as related to the flood of October 7, 1985","docAbstract":"<p>The magnitude, frequency and extent of the flood of October 7, 1985 at the Rio Coamo in the vicinity of the Coamo Dam and Highway 52 bridge in southern Puerto Rico, were investigated. The observed flood profiles were used to calibrate a step-backwater model. The calibrated model was then used to investigate several alternative flow conditions in the vicinity of the bridge. The peak discharge of the flood at the Highway 52 bridge was 72,000 cu ft/sec. This peak discharge was determined from the peak computed at a reach in the vicinity of the Banos de Coamo, about 1.2 mi upstream from the bridge. The computed discharge at the Banos de Coamo of 66,000 cu ft/sec was adjusted to the dam and bridge location by multiplying it by the ratio of the drainage areas raised to the 0.83 power. The flood had a recurrence interval of about 100 yr, exceeding all previously known floods at the site. The flood overtopped the spillway and levee of the Coamo Dam just upstream of Highway 52. The flow over the spillway was 54,000 cu ft/sec. Flow over the levee was about 18,000 cu ft/sec. About 10,000 cu ft/sec of the flow over the levee returned to the main channel at the base of the embankment at the northeast approach to the bridge. The remaining 8,000 cu ft/sec flowed south through the underpass on Highway 153. The embankment and shoulder on the northern span of the bridge were eroded with the eventual collapse of the approach slab.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874039","usgsCitation":"Johnson, K., Quinones-Marquez, F., and Gonzalez, R., 1987, Hydraulic analyses of water-surface profiles in the vicinity of the Coamo Dam and Highway 52 bridge, southern Puerto Rico: Flood analyses as related to the flood of October 7, 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4039, vi, 26 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874039.","productDescription":"vi, 26 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395327,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46723.htm"},{"id":124252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4039/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56720,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4039/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Puerto Rico","otherGeospatial":"Coamo Dam, Highway 52 bridge","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -66.3944,\n              18.0083\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.375,\n              18.0083\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.375,\n              18.025\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.3944,\n              18.025\n            ],\n            [\n              -66.3944,\n              18.0083\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629ce2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, K. G.","contributorId":29381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"K. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Quinones-Marquez, Ferdinand","contributorId":79083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinones-Marquez","given":"Ferdinand","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gonzalez, Ralph","contributorId":82700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzalez","given":"Ralph","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27302,"text":"wri864129 - 1987 - Effects of proposed highway embankment modifications on water-surface elevations in the lower Pearl River flood plain near Slidell, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:41","indexId":"wri864129","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4129","title":"Effects of proposed highway embankment modifications on water-surface elevations in the lower Pearl River flood plain near Slidell, Louisiana","docAbstract":"Major flooding in the lower Pearl River basin in recent years has caused extensive damage to homes and highways in the area. In 1980 and 1983, Interstate Highway 10 and U.S. Highway 190 were overtopped. In 1983, the Interstate Highway 10 crossing was seriously damaged by the flood. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, Office of Highways, used a two-dimensional finite-element surface-water flow model to evaluate the effects the proposed embankment modifications at Interstate Highway 10 and U.S. Highway 90 on the water-surface elevations in the lower Pearl River flood plain near Slidell, Louisiana. The proposed modifications that were considered for the 1983 flood are: (1) Removal of all highway embankments, the natural condition, (2) extension of the West Pearl River bridge by 1,000 feet at U.S. Highway 90, (3) construction of a new 250-foot bridge opening in the U.S. Highways 190 and 90, west of the intersection of the highways. The proposed highway bridge modifications also incorporated lowering of ground-surface elevations under the new bridges to sea level. The modification that provided the largest reduction in backwater, about 35 percent, was a new bridge in Interstate Highway 10. The modification of the West Pearl River bridge at U.S. Highway 90 and replacement of the bridge in U.S. Highway 190 provide about a 25% reduction in backwater each. For the other modification conditions that required structural modifications, maximum backwater computed on the west side of the flood plain ranges from 0.0 to 0.8 foot and on the east side from 0.0 to 0.6 foot. Results show that although backwater is greater on the west side of the flood plain than on the east side, upstream of highway embankments, backwater decreases more rapidly in the upstream direction on the west side of the flood plain than on the east side. Analysis of the proposed modifications indicates that backwater would still occur on the east and west sides of the flood plain, but values would be less than those computed with highway embankments in place. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864129","usgsCitation":"Gilbert, J.J., and Schuck-Kolben, R.E., 1987, Effects of proposed highway embankment modifications on water-surface elevations in the lower Pearl River flood plain near Slidell, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4129, iv, 36 p. :ill., maps (1 col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864129.","productDescription":"iv, 36 p. :ill., maps (1 col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124169,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4129/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56175,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4129/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e5e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilbert, J. J.","contributorId":12448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197879,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schuck-Kolben, R. E.","contributorId":14841,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuck-Kolben","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197880,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27033,"text":"wri874197 - 1987 - Ground-water levels in the alluvial aquifer at Louisville, Kentucky, 1982-87","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:36","indexId":"wri874197","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4197","title":"Ground-water levels in the alluvial aquifer at Louisville, Kentucky, 1982-87","docAbstract":"Water level data have been collected in the alluvial aquifer at Louisville, Kentucky by the U.S. Geological Survey since 1943. Interpretations of these data have been published in several reports by the Survey, but none have been published since 1983. Contour maps and hydrographs are presented in this report to document and to help interpret water level changes for the period 1982-87. Maps and hydrographs show that groundwater levels generally stabilized in the 1980 's after rising for many years. Two areas of groundwater withdrawals are apparent in the maps and hydrographs. Withdrawals in an industrial area in west Louisville disrupt the typical pattern of the contours to curve landward around the area of withdrawal. Resumption of pumping of groundwater for heating and cooling of some buildings in the downtown area in 1985 caused declines of about 3 to 4 ft in the downtown area. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874197","usgsCitation":"Faust, R., and Lyverse, M.A., 1987, Ground-water levels in the alluvial aquifer at Louisville, Kentucky, 1982-87: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4197, iv, 18 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874197.","productDescription":"iv, 18 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119803,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4197/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55912,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4197/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db6674fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faust, R.J.","contributorId":80700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faust","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyverse, M. A.","contributorId":89151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyverse","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28475,"text":"wri874085 - 1987 - Effect of grid size on digital simulation of ground-water flow in the southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:47","indexId":"wri874085","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4085","title":"Effect of grid size on digital simulation of ground-water flow in the southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico","docAbstract":"Three models of the aquifer in the southern High Plains were compared to determine the effect of grid size on simulated water levels. The first model, calibrated prior to this study, had 10-mi grid spacing. The mean difference between the simulated and measured pre-development water levels in this model was +0.28 ft with a standard deviation of 25.8 ft. The second model, calibrated during this study independently of the first model, had 5-mi grid spacing. The mean difference between the simulated and measured pre-development water levels was -0.01 ft with a standard deviation of 44.4 ft. For 1980 water levels, the mean difference was +8.22 ft with a standard deviation of 27.9 ft. The results from the first and second models were compared. The standard deviation of the differences in simulated water levels was 19.0 ft for the pre-development period and 21.8 ft for 1980. There appeared to be no hydrologic significance to the pattern of the differences. A third model, constructed by aggregating the data from the second model, had 10-mi grid spacing. The mean difference in simulated pre-development water levels between the second and third models was +0.86 ft with a standard deviation of 8.9 ft. For the 1980 water levels, the mean difference between the models was +0.39 ft with a standard deviation of 4.4 ft. The study found that the same hydrologic conclusions would have been reached had 5-mi grid spacing or 10-mi grid spacing been used. It was further concluded that the difference in simulated water levels between models with 5-mi grid spacing or 10-mi grid spacing was five to six times smaller than the differences between the simulated and measured water levels. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874085","usgsCitation":"Luckey, R.R., and Stephens, D., 1987, Effect of grid size on digital simulation of ground-water flow in the southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4085, iv, 31 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874085.","productDescription":"iv, 31 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124292,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4085/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57275,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4085/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db62565e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Luckey, R. R.","contributorId":93055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luckey","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stephens, D.M.","contributorId":42970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27336,"text":"wri864047 - 1987 - A dual-porosity model for simulating solute transport in oil shale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:44","indexId":"wri864047","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4047","title":"A dual-porosity model for simulating solute transport in oil shale","docAbstract":"A model is described for simulating three-dimensional groundwater flow and solute transport in oil shale and associated geohydrologic units. The model treats oil shale as a dual-porosity medium by simulating flow and transport within fractures using the finite-element method. Diffusion of solute between fractures and the essentially static water of the shale matrix is simulated by including an analytical solution that acts as a source-sink term to the differential equation of solute transport. While knowledge of fracture orientation and spacing is needed to effectively use the model, it is not necessary to map the locations of individual fractures. The computer program listed in the report incorporates many of the features of previous dual-porosity models while retaining a practical approach to solving field problems. As a result the theory of solute transport is not extended in any appreciable way. The emphasis is on bringing together various aspects of solute transport theory in a manner that is particularly suited to the unusual groundwater flow and solute transport characteristics of oil shale systems. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864047","usgsCitation":"Glover, K.C., 1987, A dual-porosity model for simulating solute transport in oil shale: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4047, iv, 88 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864047.","productDescription":"iv, 88 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124904,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4047/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56200,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4047/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aecd9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Glover, K. C.","contributorId":14828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glover","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27015,"text":"wri874247 - 1987 - Source of salts in the Waianae part of the Pearl Harbor aquifer near Barbers Point water tunnel, Oahu, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:41","indexId":"wri874247","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4247","title":"Source of salts in the Waianae part of the Pearl Harbor aquifer near Barbers Point water tunnel, Oahu, Hawaii","docAbstract":"The salinity of the water supply of Barbers Point Naval Air Station has increased markedly since 1983. The Naval Air Station obtains its water, about 3 million gal/day, from Barbers Point shaft, a water shaft that taps the Waianae part of the Pearl Harbor aquifer underlying the dry, southeastern flank of the Waianae mountains on the island on Oahu, Hawaii. From 1983 to 1985 the chloride concentration of the water, increased from 220 to 250 mg/L and has remained near that level through 1986. The EPA has established 250 mg/L as the maximum recommended chloride concentration in drinking water because above that level many people can taste the salt. The high chloride concentration in shallow groundwater at all wells in the area indicates that most of the salts in the freshwater lens are contributed by rainfall, sea spray, and irrigation return water. At Barbers Point shaft, pumping may draw a small amount of saltwater from the transition zone and increase the chloride concentration in the pumped water by about 20 mg/L. Salinity of the lens decreases progressively inland in response to recharge from relatively fresher water and in response to an increasing lens thickness with increasing distance from the shoreline. The increase, in 1983, in the chloride concentration of water at the shaft was most probably the result of saltier recharge water reaching the water table, and not the result of increased mixing of underlying saltwater with the freshwater. The chloride concentration of the recharge water has probably increased because, in 1980, the drip method of irrigation began to replace the furrow method on sugarcane fields near the shaft. A mixing-cell model was used to estimate the effect of drip irrigation on the chloride concentration of the groundwater in the vicinity of Barbers Point shaft. The model predicted an increase in chloride concentration of about 50 mg/L. The observed increase was about 30 mg/L and the chloride concentration is presently stable at 245 to 250 mg/L; hence, the chloride concentration is not expected to increase significantly more. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874247","usgsCitation":"Eyre, P.R., 1987, Source of salts in the Waianae part of the Pearl Harbor aquifer near Barbers Point water tunnel, Oahu, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4247, v, 48 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874247.","productDescription":"v, 48 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158753,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4247/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55900,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4247/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55901,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4247/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e6e4b07f02db5e7743","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eyre, P. R.","contributorId":83165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eyre","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28016,"text":"wri854051 - 1987 - Hydrogeology and ground-water quality of the northern part of the Town of Oyster Bay, Nassau County, New York, in 1980","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:38","indexId":"wri854051","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4051","title":"Hydrogeology and ground-water quality of the northern part of the Town of Oyster Bay, Nassau County, New York, in 1980","docAbstract":"This report presents geohydrologic and water quality data from the northern part of the Town of Oyster Bay, in the north-shore area of Long Island. The groundwater reservoir underlying the area consists of clay, silt, sand, and gravel layers that form six geohydrologic units; from bottom to top: the Lloyd aquifer, Raritan clay, Magothy aquifer, Port Washington aquifer, Port Washington confining unit, and the upper glacial aquifer. Crystalline bedrock underlies the Lloyd aquifer and forms the base of the groundwater system. The regional drought of 1962-67 caused groundwater levels to decline as much as 16 feet, but the water table altitude in 1980 equaled or exceeded predrought levels. Water levels measured in wells screened in the lower part of the Magothy aquifer and in the Lloyd aquifer throughout much of the area are still below those measured before the drought but are recovering. Groundwater in some areas contains nitrates, volatile organic compounds, and chloride in concentrations that exceed New York State drinking-water standards. Contamination is limited largely to the upper glacial aquifer and upper part of the Magothy aquifer. Saltwater has been reported in some wells along the shore but probably represents a natural condition rather than saltwater encroachment due to excessive pumping. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854051","usgsCitation":"Kilburn, C., and Krulikas, R., 1987, Hydrogeology and ground-water quality of the northern part of the Town of Oyster Bay, Nassau County, New York, in 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4051, v, 61 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854051.","productDescription":"v, 61 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":124156,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4051/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56843,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4051/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56844,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4051/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56845,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4051/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56846,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4051/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56847,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4051/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56848,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4051/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56849,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4051/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db62565d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kilburn, Chabot","contributorId":83499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kilburn","given":"Chabot","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krulikas, R.K.","contributorId":81102,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krulikas","given":"R.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28306,"text":"wri874231 - 1987 - Water quality of Cedar Creek reservoir in northeast Texas, 1977 to 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T15:11:11","indexId":"wri874231","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4231","title":"Water quality of Cedar Creek reservoir in northeast Texas, 1977 to 1984","docAbstract":"<p>Water in Cedar Creek Reservoir in northeast Texas had volume-weighted average concentrations of less than 140 milligrams per liter of dissolved solids, less than 30 milligrams per liter of dissolved sulfate, and less than 25 milligrams per liter of chloride between vh nuary 1977 and August 1984. The water was soft to moderately hard; the total hardness concentrations ranged from 55 to 75 milligrams per liter as calcium carbonate.</p>\n<p>Thermal stratification in Cedar Creek Reservoir usually begins in late winter or early spring and persists until late fall. Stratification or summer stagnation causes significant seasonal and areal variations in concentrations of dissolved oxygen, iron, manganese, total inorganic nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Oxygen used in the decay of organic matter is not replenished during summer stagnation, and water below depths of 30 feet usually contains less than 2 milligrams per liter of dissolved oxygen. Often, oxygen is nearly depleted near the bottom in the deepest areas of the reservoir, thus causing reducing conditions.</p>\n<p>Reducing conditions during summer stagnation result in the dissolution of iron and manganese in bottom sediments. At the deepest site (Ac) near Joe B. Hoggset Dam, dissolved iron concentrations in water near the bottom averaged 1,860 micrograms per liter and manganese concentrations averaged 3,170 micrograms per liter. The concentrations of dissolved iron and dissolved manganese averaged less than 120 micrograms per liter throughout the reservoir during winter and spring circulation and in water near the reservoir's surface during summer stagnation.</p>\n<p>Seasonal temperature and dissolved oxygen cycles cause the recycling of dissolved iron and manganese between the water and bottom sediments. However, no substantial accumulation of these constituents within the reservoir was detected during the study.</p>\n<p>Of 10 trace elements studied, barium and arsenic were the most commonly found in detectable concentrations. Of 22 water samples collected for traceelement analysis, 15 contained barium in concentrations ranging from 40 to 300 micrograms per liter, and 19 contained arsenic in concentrations ranging from 1 to 26 micrograms per liter. However, these concentrations are below the maximum contaminant Hmit for barium (1,000 micrograms per liter) and arsenic (50 micrograms per liter) in drinking water.</p>\n<p>The concentrations of total inorganic nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were largest during summer stagnation in water near the bottom at the deepest sites. At site Ac, the largest total phosphorus concentration was 5.3 milligrams per liter for a bottom sample. The maximum total inorganic nitrogen concentration for the same sample was 2.5 milligrams per liter. Water near the surface of Cedar Creek Reservoir during summer stagnation and throughout the reservoir during winter circulation had total phosphorus and total inorganic nitrogen concentrations of less than 0.1 milligram per liter. Total nitrogen concentrations near the surface ranged from 0.3 to 1.1 milligrams per liter from January 1980 to August 1984.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri874231","usgsCitation":"Leibbrand, N.F., and Gibbons, W.J., 1987, Water quality of Cedar Creek reservoir in northeast Texas, 1977 to 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4231, v, 148 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874231.","productDescription":"v, 148 p.","numberOfPages":"153","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","temporalStart":"1977-01-01","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":159450,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4231/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57118,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4231/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Cedar Creek Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.25328063964844,\n              32.14131578908406\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.25328063964844,\n              32.439090125173585\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.97244262695312,\n              32.439090125173585\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.97244262695312,\n              32.14131578908406\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.25328063964844,\n              32.14131578908406\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48cfe4b07f02db5460aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leibbrand, Norman F.","contributorId":173583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leibbrand","given":"Norman","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibbons, Willard J.","contributorId":173568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibbons","given":"Willard","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28012,"text":"wri874187 - 1987 - Geohydrology and susceptibility of major aquifers to surface contamination in Alabama; area 9","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-01T19:36:31.881975","indexId":"wri874187","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4187","title":"Geohydrology and susceptibility of major aquifers to surface contamination in Alabama; area 9","docAbstract":"<p>This report delineates and describes the geohydrology and susceptibility of the major aquifers to contamination in Area 9 - Barbour, Bullock, Macon, Pike, and Russell Counties. The major aquifers in the study area are the Tuscaloosa, Eutaw, and Providence-Ripley aquifers of Cretaceous age; and the Nanafalia-Clayton aquifer of Tertiary age. The five counties constitute the primary recharge area for the aquifers which are the source of public supplies in the study area. The total withdrawals of groundwater for all uses in 1986 were estimated to be about 14 million gallons per day. Areas of water level declines in the Tuscaloosa aquifer have developed near Eufaula and Union Springs. Water levels in the Eutaw aquifer have declined at Union Springs. All recharge areas for the major aquifers are susceptible to contamination from the surface. Shallow wells in the outcrop area are most susceptible.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri874187","usgsCitation":"Kidd, R.E., 1987, Geohydrology and susceptibility of major aquifers to surface contamination in Alabama; area 9: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4187, Report: v, 32 p.; 1 Plate: 15.51 × 18.17 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874187.","productDescription":"Report: v, 32 p.; 1 Plate: 15.51 × 18.17 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":56839,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4187/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56838,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4187/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126807,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4187/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":110248,"rank":700,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_46845.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"46845"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.1889,\n              31.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.8958,\n              31.625\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.8958,\n              32.5833\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.1889,\n              32.5833\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.1889,\n              31.625\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8c25","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kidd, R. E.","contributorId":91145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kidd","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28009,"text":"wri864194 - 1987 - Three-dimensional model simulation of transient ground-water flow in the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:38","indexId":"wri864194","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4194","title":"Three-dimensional model simulation of transient ground-water flow in the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional digital model that simulates transient flow in the alluvial aquifer system underlying the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico, was constructed as part of a regional aquifer study of the southwest alluvial basins. The model simulates hydraulic heads and changes in hydraulic heads for 1907 to 1979. Hydraulic-conductivity values used in the accepted model range from 0.25 ft/day in part of the Santa Fe Group to 50 ft/day in the fluvial deposits in the Rio Grande flood plain. The majority of the basin-fill material of the Santa Fe group of Tertiary and Quaternary age was modeled as having a horizontal hydraulic conductivity of either 30 or 40 ft/day. The simulated specific storage of the aquifer was 0.000001/ft and the simulated specific yield was 0.10. The aquifer was simulated as being vertically anisotropic with a ratio of vertical to horizontal hydraulic conductivity of 1:500. Simulations for 1976-79 indicated that of the 100,000 acre-ft of groundwater withdrawn annually from the basin-fill deposits outside of the Rio Grande flood plain, 68% was obtained from recharge around the basin margin, depletion of streams that are tributary to the Rio Grande, and the stream-aquifer system in the Rio Grande flood plain. Depletion of aquifer storage accounted for 25% of the groundwater supply to wells outside of the flood plain, and the remaining 7% was obtained by induced groundwater inflow from the Santo Domingo Basin. The model displayed an acceptable performance throughout the period of simulation. However, by the end of the simulation period, 1979, the portrayal of the Rio Grande flood-plain system as a specified hydraulic-head boundary was having adverse effects on the simulation. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864194","usgsCitation":"Kernodle, J.M., Miller, R.S., and Scott, W.B., 1987, Three-dimensional model simulation of transient ground-water flow in the Albuquerque-Belen Basin, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4194, viii, 86 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864194.","productDescription":"viii, 86 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158473,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4194/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56834,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4194/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b32e4b07f02db6b46fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kernodle, J. M.","contributorId":81139,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kernodle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miller, Ryan S.","contributorId":49005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miller","given":"Ryan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, W. B.","contributorId":87887,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27619,"text":"wri874014 - 1987 - Ground-water flow and quality near Canon City, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:43","indexId":"wri874014","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4014","title":"Ground-water flow and quality near Canon City, Colorado","docAbstract":"Water in aquifers that underlie the Lincoln Park area near Canon City, Colorado, contains measurable concentrations of chemical constituents that are similar to those in raffinate (liquid waste) produced by a nearby uranium ore processing mill. The objective of this study was to expand the existing geohydrologic data base by collecting additional geohydrologic and water quality, in order to refine the description of the geohydrologic and geochemical systems in the study area. Geohydrologic data were collected from nine tests wells drilled in the area between the U.S. Soil Conservation Service dam and Lincoln Park. Lithologic and geophysical logs of these wells indicated that the section of Vermejo Formation penetrated consisted of interbedded sandstone and shale. The sandstone beds had a small porosity and small hydraulic conductivity. Groundwater flow from the U.S. Soil Conservation Service dam to Lincoln Park seemed to be along an alluvium-filled channel in the irregular and relatively undescribed topography of the Vermejo Formation subcrop. North of the De Weese Dye Ditch, the alluvium becomes saturated and groundwater generally flows to the northeast. Water samples from 28 sites were collected and analyzed for major ions and trace elements; selected water samples also were analyzed for stable isotopes; samples were collected from wells near the uranium ore processing mill, from privately owned wells in Lincoln Park, and from the test wells drilled in the intervening area. Results from the quality assurance samples indicate that cross-contamination between samples from different wells was avoided and that the data are reliable. Water in the alluvial aquifer underlying Lincoln Park is mainly a calcium bicarbonate type. Small variations in the composition of water in the alluvial aquifer appears to result from a reaction of water leaking from the De Weese Dye Ditch with alluvial material. Upward leakage from underlying aquifers does not seem to be significant in determining the chemical composition of water in the alluvial aquifer. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874014","usgsCitation":"Hearne, G.A., and Litke, D.W., 1987, Ground-water flow and quality near Canon City, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4014, v, 72 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874014.","productDescription":"v, 72 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123689,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4014/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56479,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4014/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56480,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4014/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56481,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4014/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56482,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4014/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56483,"rank":404,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4014/plate-5.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56484,"rank":405,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4014/plate-6.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56485,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4014/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cbeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hearne, G. A.","contributorId":6450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearne","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198420,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Litke, D. W.","contributorId":94346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Litke","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26741,"text":"wri864132 - 1987 - Statistical analysis relating well yield to construction practices and siting of wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T12:12:48","indexId":"wri864132","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4132","title":"Statistical analysis relating well yield to construction practices and siting of wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina","docAbstract":"A statistical analysis was made of data from more than 6,200 water wells drilled in the fractured crystalline rocks of the Blue Ridge, Piedmont, and western edge of the Coastal Plain where crystalline rocks underlie sediments at shallow depths. The study area encompassed 65 countries in western North Carolina, an area of 30,544 square mi, comprising nearly two-thirds of the State. Additional water supplies will be needed in western North Carolina as population and industrial development continue to increase. Ground water is an attractive alternative to surface water sources for moderate to large supplies. The statistical analysis was made to identify the geologic, topographic, and construction factors associated with high-yield wells. It is generally held that the crystalline rocks of Blue Ridge and Piedmont provinces yield only small amounts of water to wells, that water is obtained from vertical fractures that pinch out at a depth of about 300 feet because of lithostatic pressure, and that the function of a larger diameter well is primarily for storage. These concepts are reasonable when based upon the average well drilled in these rocks: a domestic well, 125 feet deep, 6 inches or less in diameter, and located on a hill or ridge. However, statistical analysis shows that wells in draws or valleys have average yields three times those of wells on hills and ridges. Wells in the most productive hydrogeologic units have average yields twice those of wells in the least productive units. Wells in draws and valleys in the most productive units average five times more yield than wells on hills and ridges in the least productive units. Well diameter can have significant influence on yield; for a given depth, yield is directly proportional to well diameter. Maximum well yields are obtained from much greater depths than previously believed. For example, the average yield of 6-inch diameter wells located in draws and valleys can be expected to reach a maximum of about 45 gallons per minute at depths of 500 to 525 feet; for similarly located 12-inch diameter wells, the average yield can be expected to reach a maximum of about 150 gallons per min at depths of 700 to 800 ft. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864132","usgsCitation":"Daniel, C., 1987, Statistical analysis relating well yield to construction practices and siting of wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge provinces of North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4132, v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864132.","productDescription":"v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158536,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4132/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55619,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4132/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Blue Ridge Province, Piedmont 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,{"id":27218,"text":"wri864056 - 1987 - Effects of coal strip mining on stream water quality and biology, southwestern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:43","indexId":"wri864056","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4056","title":"Effects of coal strip mining on stream water quality and biology, southwestern Washington","docAbstract":"Strip mining for coal in southwestern Washington may be affecting the water quality of streams. To investigate these possible effects, five streams were selected for study of water quality in each of the two coal bearing areas: the Centralia-Chehalis coal district, and Kelso-Castle Rock coal area. In the Centralia-Chehalis coal district, three of the streams have drainage basins in which mines are active. Water in streams that drain unmined basins is typical of western Washington streams and is characterized as a mixed water because calcium, magnesium, sodium, and bicarbonate ions predominate. A change in anionic composition from bicarbonate to sulfate in streams draining mined areas was not sufficient to change the general water composition and thus make the streams acidic. The largest downstream changes in water quality in both mined and unmined drainage basins were observed during summer low-flow conditions, when minimal dilution, increased water temperatures, and low dissolved oxygen concentrations occurred. High dissolved solids were found in the mined drainage basins during this period. High concentrations of iron, manganese, and zinc were present in the bottom sediments of the mined basins. Moderate concentrations of chromium, cobalt, copper, and zinc were also found in the bottom sediments of a few unmined basins. Streams with substrates of gravel-cobble or gravel-coarse sand had the most diverse benthic fauna and a higher number of ubiquitous taxa than streams with sand-silt substrates, which had the most dissimilar fauna. Mayflies, stoneflies, and caddisflies were rare at the site most affected by mining. The erosion potential of a basin appears to be related to the average basin slope and the amount of forested areas. Strip mining for coal in steep basins may lead to massive movements of unconsolidated spoils after vegetal cover is removed if the land disturbed is graded to pre-mining slopes. (Lantz-PTT)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864056","usgsCitation":"Fuste, L.A., and Meyer, D.F., 1987, Effects of coal strip mining on stream water quality and biology, southwestern Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4056, vi, 124 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864056.","productDescription":"vi, 124 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":125108,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4056/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56089,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4056/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db68453a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fuste, L. A.","contributorId":85631,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuste","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Meyer, D. F.","contributorId":21167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":27680,"text":"wri874145 - 1987 - Hydrogeology, chemical quality, and availability of ground water in the Upper Floridan aquifer, Albany area, Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T12:56:14","indexId":"wri874145","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4145","title":"Hydrogeology, chemical quality, and availability of ground water in the Upper Floridan aquifer, Albany area, Georgia","docAbstract":"Large withdrawals of groundwater in the 1500 sq mi Albany area of southwestern Georgia have lowered water levels in deep aquifers as much as 140 ft. This study was conducted to evaluate the development potential of the shallow Upper Floridan aquifer as an alternate source of groundwater, especially for public supply. The Upper Floridan stores and transmits large quantities of water, mainly in a zone of high permeability in the lower part of the aquifer. The transmissivity of the aquifer ranges from &lt; 10,000 sq ft/day northwest of Albany, to as much as 150 ,000 sq ft/day south and southeast of Albany. Twenty-eight years of agricultural and industrial pumping has not produced a long-term decline of the water level in the Upper Floridan; the aquifer system remains at equilibrium. The Upper Floridan yields hard, calcium bicarbonate-type water but concentrations do not exceed State drinking water standards. In most of the study area , contaminants applied to or spilled on the land surface eventually can be expected to percolate through the overburden and reach the aquifer. Thus, it is important that wells be sited away from areas that have been used for the storage and disposal of potential contaminants and, probably to a lesser extent, the application of agricultural chemicals. In the area of greatest development potential east of the Flint River, wells may penetrate major groundwater conduits. By limiting drawdown during well development and during production, the likelihood of causing sinkholes to form can be minimized. Closed depressions, or sinks, throughout the Dougherty Plain probably are unsuitable as well sites, because (1) they are subject to flooding, (2) they collect water from upgradient areas and could concentrate potential contaminants, (3) water probably percolates through their bottoms and could transport contaminants into the aquifer, and (4) the depressions may overlie limestone cavities filled with sand or clay that could interfere with well yield, development, and production. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874145","usgsCitation":"Hicks, D., Gill, H., and Longsworth, S., 1987, Hydrogeology, chemical quality, and availability of ground water in the Upper Floridan aquifer, Albany area, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4145, vi, 52 p. :ill., 3 plates; maps; 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874145.","productDescription":"vi, 52 p. :ill., 3 plates; maps; 28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":2209,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri87-4145/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":56529,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4145/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56533,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4145/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123477,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4145/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56530,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4145/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56531,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4145/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":56532,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4145/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","city":"Albany area","otherGeospatial":"Upper Floridan aquifer","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -85,31 ], [ -85,32 ], [ -83,32 ], [ -83,31 ], [ -85,31 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2de4b07f02db614889","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hicks, D.W.","contributorId":61795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hicks","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gill, H.E.","contributorId":24330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gill","given":"H.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Longsworth, S.A.","contributorId":47784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longsworth","given":"S.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":27726,"text":"wri864340 - 1987 - Simulation of the ground-water flow system and proposed withdrawals in the northern part of Vekol Valley, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:38","indexId":"wri864340","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4340","title":"Simulation of the ground-water flow system and proposed withdrawals in the northern part of Vekol Valley, Arizona","docAbstract":"Pursuant to the Ak-Chin Indian Community Water Rights Settlement Act (Public Law 95-328-enacted on July 28, 1978) a study was undertaken to assess the effect of proposed groundwater withdrawal from Federal lands near the reservation. The first area to be evaluated was the northern part of the Vekol Valley. The evaluation was made using a numerical model based on detailed geohydrologic concepts developed during the study. The numerical model, which was calibrated to steady-state and transient groundwater conditions in the northern part of Vekol Valley, adequately duplicated the conceptual model and was used to estimate the effect of withdrawing approximately 174,000 acre-ft from the system during a 25-yr period. At the end of the 25-yr period, the water level was drawn down an average of about 95 ft, and about 150,5000 acre-ft of water was removed from storage. The 150,500 acre-ft of water represents 43% of the estimated recoverable groundwater in storage. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864340","usgsCitation":"Hollett, K., and Marie, J., 1987, Simulation of the ground-water flow system and proposed withdrawals in the northern part of Vekol Valley, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4340, v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864340.","productDescription":"v, 68 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158782,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4340/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56569,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4340/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4ac7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hollett, K.J.","contributorId":23570,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollett","given":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marie, J.R.","contributorId":63416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marie","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26757,"text":"wri874084 - 1987 - Movement of ground water in coal-bearing rocks near Fishtrap Lake in Pike County, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:33","indexId":"wri874084","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4084","title":"Movement of ground water in coal-bearing rocks near Fishtrap Lake in Pike County, Kentucky","docAbstract":"Eight test holes were core-drilled from various altitudes in a typical coal-bearing sequence rocks of Pennsylvania age in Pike County, eastern Kentucky. Vertical fractures were common in cores from shallow depths, but became less common or absent toward the bottom of two test holes drilled 400 and 291 ft deep. Most fractures readily injected water, and near the bottoms of the two deep holes, coal beds accepted water in the non-fractured rocks. Rhodamin-WT dye was injected in a 61-ft deep ridge-top well on October 24, 1985 and was detected in varying concentrations in water samples taken from all down-gradient piezometers at the study site on November 7, 1985. The presence of dye in down-gradient piezometers indicated that groundwater in the Eastern Kentucky coal field can move from areas of higher head to areas of lower head. The movement probably occurs in a stair-step fashion through a complex system of near-vertical fractures, and laterally through permeable rocks, which probably are the coal beds. This suggests that land uses on ridges could affect the quality of water from wells or springs at lower altitudes on hillsides or in the valley bottoms even though separated by a thick interval of rocks that include beds of low primary permeability. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874084","usgsCitation":"Davis, R.W., 1987, Movement of ground water in coal-bearing rocks near Fishtrap Lake in Pike County, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4084, iv, 24 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874084.","productDescription":"iv, 24 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":126418,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4084/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55647,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4084/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a70e4b07f02db641027","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, R. W.","contributorId":93459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27913,"text":"wri874095A - 1987 - A computer program for geochemical analysis of acid-rain and other low-ionic-strength, acidic waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:36","indexId":"wri874095A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4095","chapter":"A","title":"A computer program for geochemical analysis of acid-rain and other low-ionic-strength, acidic waters","docAbstract":"ARCHEM, a computer program written in FORTRAN 77, is designed primarily for use in the routine geochemical interpretation of low-ionic-strength, acidic waters. On the basis of chemical analyses of the water, and either laboratory or field determinations of pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen, the program calculates the equilibrium distribution of major inorganic aqueous species and of inorganic aluminum complexes. The concentration of the organic anion is estimated from the dissolved organic concentration. Ionic ferrous iron is calculated from the dissolved oxygen concentration. Ionic balances and comparisons of computed with measured specific conductances are performed as checks on the analytical accuracy of chemical analyses. ARCHEM may be tailored easily to fit different sampling protocols, and may be run on multiple sample analyses. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874095A","usgsCitation":"Johnsson, P., and Lord, D.G., 1987, A computer program for geochemical analysis of acid-rain and other low-ionic-strength, acidic waters: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4095, iii, 42 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874095A.","productDescription":"iii, 42 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122937,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4095a/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56729,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4095a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b26e4b07f02db6afef5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnsson, P.A.","contributorId":105735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnsson","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lord, D. G.","contributorId":9254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lord","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198888,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26941,"text":"wri864346 - 1987 - Water-quality data-collection activities in Oregon; inventory and evaluation of 1984 programs and costs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T08:15:02","indexId":"wri864346","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4346","title":"Water-quality data-collection activities in Oregon; inventory and evaluation of 1984 programs and costs","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864346","usgsCitation":"Edwards, T., 1987, Water-quality data-collection activities in Oregon; inventory and evaluation of 1984 programs and costs: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4346, v, 50 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864346.","productDescription":"v, 50 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4346/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55832,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4346/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e555e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Edwards, T.K.","contributorId":99995,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"T.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27093,"text":"wri874073 - 1987 - Estimation of streamflow characteristics and assessment of trends in the Niobrara River at Mariaville, Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:36","indexId":"wri874073","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4073","title":"Estimation of streamflow characteristics and assessment of trends in the Niobrara River at Mariaville, Nebraska","docAbstract":"A computer model was used to synthesize a long-term streamflow record for the Niobrara River at Mariaville, Nebraska. The record was developed on the basis of 30-plus years of streamflow data from 3 upstream sites, and the U. S. Geological Survey 's CONROUT model was calibrated using 294 days of measured flow at Mariaville; for the calibration period, 87% of the synthesized daily discharges were within 15% of the measured values. The synthesized record was analyzed for trends in streamflow characteristics. A marked decrease in the average consecutive-day, low-flow discharges was detected after 1964, ranging between 162 cu ft/sec less for the 1-day low flow and 200 cu ft/sec less for the 14-day low flow. The decrease probably was caused by the start-up of operations at Merritt Reservoir. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874073","usgsCitation":"Fischer, E., 1987, Estimation of streamflow characteristics and assessment of trends in the Niobrara River at Mariaville, Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4073, iv, 25 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874073.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4073/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55959,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4073/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb188","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fischer, E.E.","contributorId":102480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"E.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28287,"text":"wri864313 - 1987 - Distribution and movement of trichloroethylene in ground water in the Tucson area, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-04T19:34:29.548395","indexId":"wri864313","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4313","title":"Distribution and movement of trichloroethylene in ground water in the Tucson area, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>In 1981, investigations of groundwater quality around Tucson International Airport revealed a number of wells that pumped water contaminated with trichloroethylene. Subsequent investigations resulted in the delineation of three distinct areas of contamination, the largest of which encompasses about 5 sq mi of aquifer surface area. Most of the contamination is in the top 100 ft of the saturated groundwater flow system. A fine-grained confining layer that is present in much of the contaminated area significantly limits the vertical movement of the chlorinated groundwater. Within the contaminated area, measured trichloroethylene concentrations were as high as 3,100 mg/L in 1984. Measured concentrations are highly variable vertically as well as horizontally. Future quantitative studies of contaminant movement may benefit from additional data collection and experiments to determine which contaminant transport and groundwater flow equations are most appropriate.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri864313","usgsCitation":"Leake, S.A., and Hanson, R.T., 1987, Distribution and movement of trichloroethylene in ground water in the Tucson area, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4313, Report: v, 40 p.; 1 Plate: 38.331 x 25.77 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864313.","productDescription":"Report: v, 40 p.; 1 Plate: 38.331 x 25.77 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":57106,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4313/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57105,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4313/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119754,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4313/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":411364,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36633.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","city":"Tucson","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.99371366505093,\n              32.181937259954395\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.99371366505093,\n              32.082632511973415\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.90576301382171,\n              32.082632511973415\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.90576301382171,\n              32.181937259954395\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.99371366505093,\n              32.181937259954395\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a71e4b07f02db642217","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Leake, S. A.","contributorId":52164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leake","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hanson, R. T.","contributorId":91148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26624,"text":"wri864211 - 1987 - Ground-water pumpage from the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System, Oregon, 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T08:07:34","indexId":"wri864211","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4211","title":"Ground-water pumpage from the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System, Oregon, 1984","docAbstract":"Groundwater pumpage was estimated for 1984 for an area of about 8,000 sq mi in north-central Oregon. Pumpage data were collected from irrigation, industrial and public supply users and analyzed as part of the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System Analysis (RASA) study. Groundwater is pumped from Tertiary basalts and interflow material of the Columbia River Basalt Group and the overlying Tertiary-Quaternary sedimentary material. Pumpage was estimated from flowmeter data for about two-thirds of the area. For wells without flowmeters, pumpage was estimated from power-consumption data, if available, or from irrigated acreage data, using an areally adjusted application rate. The total amount of water pumped during 1984 was estimated to be about 148 ,000 acre-feet. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri864211","usgsCitation":"Collins, C.A., 1987, Ground-water pumpage from the Columbia Plateau Regional Aquifer System, Oregon, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4211, iv, 21 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864211.","productDescription":"iv, 21 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":55496,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4211/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55497,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4211/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122973,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4211/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ee4b07f02db660581","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, C. A.","contributorId":43731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":28513,"text":"wri874131 - 1987 - Hydrologic conditions and trends in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, 1983-84","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-12T14:42:11","indexId":"wri874131","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4131","title":"Hydrologic conditions and trends in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, 1983-84","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri874131","usgsCitation":"Lynch, D.D., 1987, Hydrologic conditions and trends in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, 1983-84: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4131, Report: vi, 115 p.; 1 Plate: 34.51 x 38.08 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874131.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 115 p.; 1 Plate: 34.51 x 38.08 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":369140,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4131/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":369141,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4131/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":159596,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4131/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Shenandoah National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.5302734375,\n              38.42669767774884\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.37234497070311,\n              38.42669767774884\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.37234497070311,\n              38.511639141458616\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.5302734375,\n              38.511639141458616\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.5302734375,\n              38.42669767774884\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a28e4b07f02db6115e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lynch, Dennis D. ddlynch@usgs.gov","contributorId":4326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"Dennis","email":"ddlynch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":199942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":27303,"text":"wri854286 - 1987 - Simulation of the effect of U.S. Highway 90 on Pearl River floods of April 1980 and April 1983 near Slidell, Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-06T21:31:39.538622","indexId":"wri854286","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4286","title":"Simulation of the effect of U.S. Highway 90 on Pearl River floods of April 1980 and April 1983 near Slidell, Louisiana","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854286","usgsCitation":"Gilbert, J.J., and Froehlich, D.C., 1987, Simulation of the effect of U.S. Highway 90 on Pearl River floods of April 1980 and April 1983 near Slidell, Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4286, iv, 47 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854286.","productDescription":"iv, 47 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":56176,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4286/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":158706,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4286/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":410120,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36424.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","city":"Slidell","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -89.583,\n              30.417\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.583,\n              30.208\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.75,\n              30.208\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.75,\n              30.417\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.583,\n              30.417\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f1e5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gilbert, J. J.","contributorId":12448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilbert","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197881,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Froehlich, D. C.","contributorId":22334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Froehlich","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":28402,"text":"wri864356 - 1987 - Effects on water quality due to flood-water detention by Barker and Addicks Reservoirs, Houston, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T11:27:09","indexId":"wri864356","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"86-4356","title":"Effects on water quality due to flood-water detention by Barker and Addicks Reservoirs, Houston, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>The Barker and Addicks Reservoirs, located about 16 miles west of Houston, Texas, provide flood-detention storage for storm runoff. Of interest are the water-quality characteristics in the study area and changes in water quality during detention. Study area sampling sites were selected upstream along Buffalo Bayou for Barker Reservoir and on Bear Creek and Langham Creek for Addicks Reservoir, within the reservoirs, near the reservoir outflows, and below the confluence of each reservoir outflow at the streamflow station Buffalo Bayou near Addicks. Flow data were available at all sites except in the reservoirs. Analyses of samples collected during both low flow and storm runoff show that, in general, the waters of the study area were low in mineralization, but the aesthetics of the water was a problem.</p>\n<p>The inorganic constituents, trace metals, and pesticides rarely exceeded maximum contaminant levels recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for public supply using 1976 and 1977 criteria for primary and secondary standards. All species of nutrients, except ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus, almost always were below the recommended maximum contaminant levels. Phosphorus almost always exceeded these levels.</p>\n<p>Aesthetic problems are evident. Large values of suspended solids, turbidity, and color were common. Small dissolved-oxygen values commonly occurred in the reservoirs. Possible bacterial problems are indicated because coliformbacteria densities exceeded recommended levels in about 25 percent of the samples.</p>\n<p>The effects of the reservoirs on the water-quality characteristics of storm runoff were analyzed using three approaches. The first approach was a comparison of the discharge-weighted average values of nine selected constituents at each streamflow-gaging station during four storms. Reservoir effects on the quality of runoff detained 1 to 4 days in the two reservoirs were inconsistent. However, the reservoirs consistently had an effect on the water quality of runoff that was detained the longest (more than 8 days). Biochemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, turbidity, color, total nitrogen, and total organic carbon discharge-weighted average values were consistently smaller after flowing through the reservoirs. Dissolved solids and total phosphorus values were consistently larger after flowing through the reservoirs.</p>\n<p>The second approach was an analysis of the means of the discharge-weighted average values computed for the four hydrologic events using the Student t-test. Statistical results Indicate that reservoir detention significantly reduced suspended solids (the mean decreased from 178 milligrams per liter at the Inflows to 105 milligrams per liter at the outflows) and turbidity (the mean decreased from 119 nephelometrlc turbidity units at the inflows to 66 nephelometric turbidity units at the outflows).</p>\n<p>The third approach was a comparison at each site of the mean, maximum, and minimum values computed for seven constituents that did not correlate with discharge. These constituents or properties of water were temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, dissolved oxygen percent saturation, total-coliform bacteria, fecal-conform bacteria, and fecal-streptococci bacteria. The only consistent water-quality changes observed were with the three bacteria groups, which were decreased by flood-water detention.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri864356","usgsCitation":"Liscum, F., Goss, R., and Paul, E., 1987, Effects on water quality due to flood-water detention by Barker and Addicks Reservoirs, Houston, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4356, v, 96 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri864356.","productDescription":"v, 96 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":57208,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4356/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123979,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1986/4356/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Houston","otherGeospatial":"Addicks Reservoir, Barker Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -95.84403991699217,\n              29.68328053373362\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.84403991699217,\n              29.981107684467244\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.49934387207031,\n              29.981107684467244\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.49934387207031,\n              29.68328053373362\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.84403991699217,\n              29.68328053373362\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a25e4b07f02db60ee77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Liscum, Fred","contributorId":95463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liscum","given":"Fred","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goss, R.L.","contributorId":83143,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goss","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Paul, E.M.","contributorId":65089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paul","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
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