Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) control is achieved in the Laurentian Great Lakes by applying lamprey-specific pesticides (lampricides) to habitats containing larval sea lamprey. Lampricide treatments cost less and are more effective in watersheds where dams block adult sea lamprey migration and limit larval distribution relative to watersheds with no barriers to migration. However, dams impound water and can block movement of valued fishes, outcomes that are untenable for some stakeholders. Here, a seasonal and non-physical barrier of pulsed direct electrical current was tested to block adult sea lamprey while also monitoring the movement and mortality of non-target fish species. The electric barrier was operated in the Black Mallard River, a tributary to northern Lake Huron, March through August 2016–2018. The electric field blocked adult sea lamprey; 1056 adult sea lamprey were captured downstream of the electric field and two were captured upstream of the electric barrier over the three-year study. In 2018, larval sea lamprey abundance upstream of the barrier was about 50% less than historical averages, and genetic analysis found that roughly 98% of larvae upstream of the barrier were spawned in years prior to barrier installation. When the barrier was electrified, non-target fish species were blocked, and a small percentage (<3%) were killed. This study demonstrated that a seasonally deployed electric barrier can reduce the abundance of larval sea lamprey upstream without impounding water, but effects on the movements and survival of other fish species remain a concern.
Invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) populations in the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin have been suppressed for over 60 years primarily by migration barriers and lamprey-specific pesticides. Improving control outcomes by supplementing barriers and pesticides with additional control strategies has been a long-standing objective of managers and stakeholders, but progress towards this objective has been limited. We developed an adaptive management implementation framework and applied it to this objective. The framework consists of a set of adaptive management implementation goals (develop effective monitoring practices, develop effective participatory process, and conduct management experiments), a set of aspirational targets hypothesized to be related to Sea Lamprey Control Program adaptive capacity (multi-level political and social organization, creation of safe-to-fail decision making arenas, and effective use of multi-criteria decision analysis), and a feedback loop linking adaptive capacity and progress towards adaptive management implementation goals. Progress towards improving sea lamprey control outcomes by integrating supplemental control strategy into the Sea Lamprey Control Program may be possible through adaptive management implementation.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Yellowstone River Compact Commission","collaboration":"Montana Dept. of Natural Resources and Conservation, Wyoming State Engineer's Office","usgsCitation":"Davidson, S., Kilpatrick, J.M., Lanning, G., Stevenson, A., Gess, M., Smith, L.M., Schroeder, D., Elison, M., Schweigert, C., and Rennick, L., 2021, Yellowstone River Compact Commission Seventieth Annual Report 2021: Cooperator Report, v, 44 p.","productDescription":"v, 44 p.","ipdsId":"IP-142113","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415774,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":415773,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.usgs.gov/media/files/yellowstone-river-compact-commission-seventieth-annual-report-2021"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, North Dakota, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone River 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Christine","contributorId":304171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schweigert","given":"Christine","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rennick, Laura","contributorId":304172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rennick","given":"Laura","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":869534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70229400,"text":"70229400 - 2021 - Secretive marsh bird habitat associations in the Mississippi Flyway: A meta-analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-07T13:09:48.901008","indexId":"70229400","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-31T07:07:14","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":947,"text":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Secretive marsh bird habitat associations in the Mississippi Flyway: A meta-analysis","docAbstract":"Secretive marsh birds, including rails and bitterns, have experienced widespread population declines due to the loss of wetland habitat on which they depend. Because of their cryptic behavior, secretive marsh birds are challenging to study and information on their habitat requirements is limited, especially across the full annual cycle. Quantifying habitat associations throughout the annual cycle and at broad geographic scales can advance a more comprehensive approach for secretive marsh bird conservation. The goal of this study was to quantitatively synthesize results from empirical studies that examined species-habitat relationships of secretive marsh birds in the North American Mississippi Flyway to identify general patterns and information gaps that can guide future management and conservation efforts. We performed a meta-analysis and incorporated results from 40 studies that quantitatively assessed habitat associations of American Bittern (Botaurus lentiginosus), Least Bittern (Ixobrychus exilis), King Rail (Rallus elegans), Sora (Porzana carolina), Virginia Rail (Rallus limicola), and Yellow Rail (Coturnicops noveboracensis). Most studies examined breeding season habitat, whereas only 13% reported on habitat use during migration and none during winter. At landscape scales, breeding marsh birds were positively associated with amount of wetlands, especially in the Great Lakes region, and negatively associated with amount of urban land cover, particularly for American Bittern. At the local scale, breeding marsh birds were positively associated with cattail coverage (Typha spp) and other robust emergent vegetation. Overall, marsh birds were negatively associated with woody wetland vegetation, although effects were weaker in the Prairie region and varied among species. During autumn migration, moist-soil vegetation coverage was important for rails in the lower Midwest. The habitat use patterns we identified across studies provide a general characterization of marsh bird breeding habitat to aid in landscape-level multi-species conservation efforts. Our study also highlights the immediate research needs for full annual cycle conservation of secretive marsh bird habitat in North America: specifically, information during winter and migration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Avian Conservation and Ecology","doi":"10.5751/ACE-01924-160212","usgsCitation":"Malone, K., Webb, E.B., Mengel, D., Kearns, L., Matteson, S., and McKellar, A., 2021, Secretive marsh bird habitat associations in the Mississippi Flyway: A meta-analysis: Avian Conservation and Ecology, v. 16, no. 2, 12, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.5751/ACE-01924-160212.","productDescription":"12, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124859","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449955,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ace-01924-160212","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396780,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -99.31640625,\n 28.92163128242129\n ],\n [\n -85.4296875,\n 28.92163128242129\n ],\n [\n -85.4296875,\n 51.069016659603896\n ],\n [\n -99.31640625,\n 51.069016659603896\n ],\n [\n -99.31640625,\n 28.92163128242129\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malone, K.M.","contributorId":288004,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Malone","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6754,"text":"University of Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837275,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mengel, D.","contributorId":244519,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mengel","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16971,"text":"Missouri Department of Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837276,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kearns, L.","contributorId":288005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kearns","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16232,"text":"Ohio Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837277,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Matteson, S.W.","contributorId":288008,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matteson","given":"S.W.","affiliations":[{"id":6913,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McKellar, A.E.","contributorId":288010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKellar","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12590,"text":"Canadian Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70249755,"text":"70249755 - 2021 - Do wolves control their own numbers?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-26T11:58:17.467451","indexId":"70249755","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-31T06:56:50","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2093,"text":"International Wolf","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Do wolves control their own numbers?","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"International Wolf","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., 2021, Do wolves control their own numbers?: International Wolf, p. 4-7.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"7","ipdsId":"IP-131855","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":422129,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":422118,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wolf.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/DoWolvesControlTheirOwnNumbers.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.55439376910309,\n 50.12203218543121\n ],\n [\n -97.55439376910309,\n 45.028553313698666\n ],\n [\n -89.11689376910326,\n 45.028553313698666\n ],\n [\n -89.11689376910326,\n 50.12203218543121\n ],\n [\n -97.55439376910309,\n 50.12203218543121\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":886935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70229403,"text":"70229403 - 2021 - Revising the marine range of the endangered black-capped petrel Pterodroma hasitata: occurrence in the northern Gulf of Mexico and exposure to conservation threats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-07T12:58:13.997591","indexId":"70229403","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-31T06:56:39","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1497,"text":"Endangered Species Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Revising the marine range of the endangered black-capped petrel Pterodroma hasitata: occurrence in the northern Gulf of Mexico and exposure to conservation threats","docAbstract":"The black-capped petrel Pterodroma hasitata is an Endangered seabird endemic to the western North Atlantic. Although estimated at ~1000 breeding pairs, only ~100 nests have been located at 2 sites in Haiti and 3 sites in the Dominican Republic. At sea, the species primarily occupies waters of the western Gulf Stream in the Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea. Due to limited data, there is currently no consensus on the geographic marine range of the species although no current proposed ranges include the Gulf of Mexico. Here, we report on observations of black-capped petrels during 2 vessel-based survey efforts throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico from 2010-2011 and 2017-2019. During 558 d and ~54700 km of surveys, we tallied 40 black-capped petrels. Most observations occurred in the eastern Gulf, although birds were observed over much of the east-west and north-south footprint of the survey area. Predictive models indicated that habitat suitability for black-capped petrels was highest in areas associated with dynamic waters of the Loop Current. We used the extent of occurrence and area of occupancy concepts to delimit the geographic range of the species within the northern Gulf. We suggest that the marine range for black-capped petrels be modified to include the northern Gulf of Mexico, recognizing that distribution may be more clumped in the eastern Gulf and that occurrence in the southern Gulf remains unknown due to a lack of surveys there. To date, however, it remains unclear which nesting areas are linked to the Gulf of Mexico.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Publisher","doi":"10.1101/2021.01.19.427288","usgsCitation":"Jodice, P.G., Michael, P., Gleason, J., Haney, J., and Satge, Y., 2021, Revising the marine range of the endangered black-capped petrel Pterodroma hasitata: occurrence in the northern Gulf of Mexico and exposure to conservation threats: Endangered Species Research, v. 46, p. 49-65, https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.19.427288.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"65","ipdsId":"IP-124873","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.19.427288","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396779,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Northern Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.96484375,\n 25.799891182088334\n ],\n [\n -80.771484375,\n 25.799891182088334\n ],\n [\n -80.771484375,\n 31.42866311735861\n ],\n [\n -98.96484375,\n 31.42866311735861\n ],\n [\n -98.96484375,\n 25.799891182088334\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"46","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jodice, Patrick G.R. 0000-0001-8716-120X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8716-120X","contributorId":219852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jodice","given":"Patrick","middleInitial":"G.R.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Michael, P.E.","contributorId":288015,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Michael","given":"P.E.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gleason, J.S.","contributorId":288017,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gleason","given":"J.S.","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haney, J.C.","contributorId":288019,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haney","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":61685,"text":"Terra Mar Applied Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Satge, Y.G.","contributorId":279816,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Satge","given":"Y.G.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7084,"text":"Clemson University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70239027,"text":"70239027 - 2021 - Monitoring multi-decadal variations of urban heat island intensity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-21T12:57:11.647921","indexId":"70239027","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-31T06:55:07","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Monitoring multi-decadal variations of urban heat island intensity","docAbstract":"Ranaviruses are emerging pathogens that have caused mortality events in amphibians worldwide. Despite the negative effects of ranaviruses on amphibian populations, monitoring efforts are still lacking in many areas, including in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North America. Some PPR wetlands in Montana and North Dakota (USA) have been contaminated by energy-related saline wastewaters, and increased salinity has been linked to greater severity of ranavirus infections. In 2017, we tested tissues from larvae collected at 7 wetlands that ranged in salinity from 26 to 4103 mg Cl l-1. In 2019, we used environmental DNA (eDNA) to test for ranaviruses in 30 wetlands that ranged in salinity from 26 to 11754 mg Cl l-1. A previous study (2013-2014) found that ranavirus-infected amphibians were common across North Dakota, including in some wetlands near our study area. Overall, only 1 larva tested positive for ranavirus infection, and we did not detect ranavirus in any eDNA samples. There are several potential reasons why we found so little evidence of ranaviruses, including low larval sample sizes, mismatch between sampling and disease occurrence, larger pore size of our eDNA filters, temporal variation in outbreaks, low host abundance, or low occurrence or prevalence of ranaviruses in the wetlands we sampled. We suggest future monitoring efforts be conducted to better understand the occurrence and prevalence of ranaviruses within the PPR.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research Science Publisher","doi":"10.3354/dao03640","usgsCitation":"Tornabene, B., Crespi, E.J., Traversari, B.A., Stemp, K.M., Breuner, C., Goldberg, C.S., and Hossack, B., 2021, Low occurrence of ranavirus in the Prairie Pothole Region of Montana and North Dakota (USA) contrasts with prior surveys: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 147, p. 149-154, https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03640.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"154","ipdsId":"IP-130767","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395839,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, North 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Pullman","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":229347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70230359,"text":"70230359 - 2021 - Can we prove that an undetected species is absent? Evaluating whether brown treesnakes are established on the island of Saipan using surveillance and expert opinion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-08T11:55:38.460524","indexId":"70230359","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-31T06:52:53","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2655,"text":"Management of Biological Invasions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can we prove that an undetected species is absent? Evaluating whether brown treesnakes are established on the island of Saipan using surveillance and expert opinion","docAbstract":"Detection of invasive species and decisions centered around early detection and rapid response (EDRR) are notorious challenges for decision makers. Detection probability is low for cryptic species, resources are limited, and ecological harm (especially for island ecosystems) can result from failure to remove invasive species due to inadequate or delayed surveillance efforts. Due to the proximity to the U.S. territory of Guam and inter-island traffic, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) is at high risk of colonization by the invasive and cryptic brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis; BTS). There have been numerous reports of snakes and 7 confirmed specimens secured at ports of entry on the island of Saipan in the CNMI over the last four decades, raising the possibility that a population might be established. Establishment of BTS on Saipan is a major concern, as evidenced by the ecological and economic disruption that occurred on Guam. We evaluated the possibility of a small localized population on Saipan using evidence from surveillance efforts in 1999, 2007, 2009, 2016, and 2018, and from results of expert assessment of the credibility of non-confirmed reports of snakes for the period 1982–2013. For active surveillance efforts, we use a Poisson-based model to estimate the 95% probability of at least one snake being detected at a stated density given the level of sampling effort and detection probability. Based on this collective evidence we conclude there is a low probability that Saipan currently has an incipient population of BTS. However, with the continued presence of BTS on Guam, continuing commercial and military transportation in the region, and relief shipments responding to increased storm intensity, Saipan remains highly vulnerable to accidental introductions. Effective surveillance remains a crucial element for detection of any species, but this may be particularly true for a cryptic snake that is difficult to control once established. |
Some animals use humanmade objects for building and constructing nests or shelter and even for play. Gray wolves (Canis lupus) gather and use humanmade objects discovered in their natural environment. Gathering humanmade objects is a peculiar behavior particularly when there is no immediately apparent benefit to survival or reproduction. I opportunistically documented 46 different types of humanmade objects with plastic bottles and aluminum cans being the most common items found at wolf pup-rearing sites. Many objects were made of materials that appeared suitable to alleviate pain in teething pups. For some objects, however, it was not immediately obvious that they would alleviate teething pain due to their unpliable material. Additionally, such objects were quite rare in wolves’ natural environment although it was not uncommon to find them at pup-rearing sites. Rare humanmade objects may provide a novelty that stimulates pups more than common objects. I hypothesize that objects used by wolf pups 1) alleviate pain from teething, and 2) provide adults respite from energetic pups. The latter is an important distinction because it implies the benefit of object play is to the adults and not the pups per se. Gathering novel objects that occupy energetic and hungry pups may influence the overall ability of social carnivores to leave young unattended while they hunt, to rest upon their return, and ultimately rear young successfully.
This article summarizes the Next Generation Attenuation (NGA) Subduction (NGA-Sub) project, a major research program to develop a database and ground motion models (GMMs) for subduction regions. A comprehensive database of subduction earthquakes recorded worldwide was developed. The database includes a total of 214,020 individual records from 1,880 subduction events, which is by far the largest database of all the NGA programs. As part of the NGA-Sub program, four GMMs were developed. Three of them are global subduction GMMs with adjustment factors for up to seven worldwide regions: Alaska, Cascadia, Central America and Mexico, Japan, New Zealand, South America, and Taiwan. The fourth GMM is a new Japan-specific model. The GMMs provide median predictions, and the associated aleatory variability, of RotD50 horizontal components of peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and 5%-damped pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) at oscillator periods ranging from 0.01 to 10 s. Three GMMs also quantified “within-model” epistemic uncertainty of the median prediction, which is important in regions with sparse ground motion data, such as Cascadia. In addition, a damping scaling model was developed to scale the predicted 5%-damped PSA of horizontal components to other damping ratios ranging from 0.5% to 30%. The NGA-Sub flatfile, which was used for the development of the NGA-Sub GMMs, and the NGA-Sub GMMs coded on various software platforms, have been posted for public use.
Dispersal is one of the key elements of species’ metapopulation dynamics and, hence, influences global conservation status. Furthermore, determining the geographic variation in magnitude and direction of dispersal throughout a species’ distribution may expand our understanding of the causes of population declines in species of conservation concern. For instance, western burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia hypugaea) populations have declined at the northern and eastern edge of their breeding distribution during the 20th century. In the same period, large areas of thornscrub that did not support breeding owls were converted to irrigated agriculture in the southern edge of the subspecies’ breeding distribution in northwestern Mexico. These farmlands now support some of the highest breeding densities of owls. We tested the hypothesis that owls that colonized this recently created habitat originated from declining migratory populations from the northern portion of the subspecies’ range. We used stable isotopes 2H, 13C, and 15N in owl feathers to infer breeding dispersal patterns throughout the subspecies’ breeding range. Populations near the northern edge of the subspecies’ breeding range had immigrants that dispersed over larger distances than immigrants at low and mid latitude populations. However, agricultural populations in northwestern Mexico disrupted this latitudinal pattern, attracting owls from more distant locations. We also found immigrants originated from further distances in declining populations than increasing populations. Stable isotopes provided no evidence of contemporaneous breeding dispersal from Canadian populations to northwestern Mexico but suggest that agricultural areas in the southern edge of the subspecies’ distribution have altered the continental dispersal pattern.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Press","doi":"10.1093/beheco/arab100","usgsCitation":"Macias-Duarte, A., and Conway, C.J., 2021, Geographic variation in dispersal of western burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia hypugaea) populations across North America: Behavioral Ecology, v. 32, no. 6, p. 1339-1351, https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arab100.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1339","endPage":"1351","ipdsId":"IP-123945","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arab100","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396624,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":" Macias-Duarte","contributorId":287304,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"given":"Macias-Duarte","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40855,"text":"UA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836612,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Macias-Duarte, Alberto","contributorId":70605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macias-Duarte","given":"Alberto","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conway, Courtney J. 0000-0003-0492-2953 cconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-2953","contributorId":2951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Courtney","email":"cconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":836611,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70227140,"text":"sir20215137 - 2021 - Surface infiltration and unsaturated zone characterization in support of managed aquifer recharge in Bedell Flat, Washoe County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-08T16:28:36.804474","indexId":"sir20215137","displayToPublicDate":"2021-12-30T11:51:11","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5137","displayTitle":"Surface Infiltration and Unsaturated Zone Characterization in Support of Managed Aquifer Recharge in Bedell Flat, Washoe County, Nevada","title":"Surface infiltration and unsaturated zone characterization in support of managed aquifer recharge in Bedell Flat, Washoe County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) expands the portfolio of public water supply and improves resiliency to drought and future water demand. This study investigated the feasibility of ASR in the Bedell Flat Hydrographic Area using land-based methods including in-channel managed aquifer recharge (MAR) and rapid infiltration basins (RIB). Bedell Flat, one of two flow-through groundwater basins near Reno, Nevada, was a likely candidate for ASR because of its deep basin fill, proximity to supplemental water sources and infrastructure, and lack of development. In-channel MAR feasibility was determined from seepage losses along the Bird Springs ephemeral channel measured using Parshall flumes and heat-as-a-tracer inverse modeling. The feasibility of RIB was evaluated by characterizing vadose zone boreholes installed with roto-sonic drilling to water table. Field characterization of sediment and lithologic descriptions was accomplished at 1-foot (ft) increments. Bulk sediment samples were collected every 5 ft and cores from a split spoon were sampled at 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 100 ft below land surface (bls). Collected samples were analyzed for texture, moisture content, and geochemistry.
Infiltration rates in Bird Springs channel increased downgradient with the hydraulic conductivity of the upper reaches ranging from 0.002 to 0.14 meter per hour (m/h) and the lower reaches from 0.5 to 1.5 m/h. Differences in discharge measurements indicate that seepage losses also increase down channel. When normalized to 1 ft of channel stage, modeled seepage loss rates ranged from 0.02 to 5.34 cubic feet per second (ft3/s) per mile (mi). Perched zones of soil moisture residing on top of dry fine-textured, clay-rich layers were prevalent in the Bird Springs drainage, indicating complicated flow paths for any supplement recharge water. Characterization of boreholes in Bird Springs drainage indicates low permeability clay layers 1–10 ft thick interbedded within extensive, grussy sands of high permeability. The presence of low permeability clay layers (1–10 ft thick) prompted a shift in analysis to the adjacent Sand Hills drainage where four additional boreholes indicated fewer perched water zones and at greater depths. Nitrates in the sediment pore-water (a condition that would discourage ASR) were integrated with depth to the aquifer 180 ft bls. Wells BF-MW-04 (Bird Springs) and BF-MW-07 (Sand Hills) contained 4,270 and 2,436 kilograms per hectare of nitrogen, respectively, which could potentially load excessive nitrogen to a receiving aquifer.
An economically viable ASR project requires a minimum input of 2 million gallons per day (approximately 3 ft3/s), which either channel appears to have the sufficient capacity to infiltrate such a volume before reaching the valley bottom of Bedell Flat. However, the trajectory of the infiltrated water is complicated by the lithology and lateral transmissivity of the underlying sediments. There is also concern that this volume of infiltrated water may cause undesirable groundwater levels at the outflow in less than 5 years.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215137","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Truckee Meadows Water Authority","programNote":"Water Availability and Use Science Program","usgsCitation":"Caldwell, T., Naranjo, R., Smith, D., and Kropf, C., 2021, Surface infiltration and unsaturated zone characterization in support of managed aquifer recharge in Bedell Flat, Washoe County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5137, 52 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215137.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 52 p.; 2 Data Releases","numberOfPages":"66","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-108566","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502283,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_112066.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":393672,"rank":6,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9OAF8L8","linkHelpText":"Supplemental data—Surface infiltration and unsaturated zone characterization in support of managed aquifer recharge, Bedell Flat, Washoe County, Nevada"},{"id":393670,"rank":4,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5137/sir20215137.xml"},{"id":393667,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5137/covrthb.png"},{"id":393671,"rank":5,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9U9Q5PC","linkHelpText":"Documentation of VS2DH seepage models—Surface infiltration and unsaturated zone characterization in support of managed aquifer recharge, Washoe County, Nevada"},{"id":393669,"rank":3,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5137/images"},{"id":393668,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5137/sir20215137.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Washoe County","otherGeospatial":"Bedell Flat","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.96383666992189,\n 39.79798577319723\n ],\n [\n -119.65621948242188,\n 39.79798577319723\n ],\n [\n -119.65621948242188,\n 39.95185892663005\n ],\n [\n -119.96383666992189,\n 39.95185892663005\n ],\n [\n -119.96383666992189,\n 39.79798577319723\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director,
Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Road
Carson City, Nevada 89701
The purpose of the present application, under Articles 74.1.1 and 81.1 of the Code, is to maintain consistent usage of the commonly used name Emoia nigra (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1853) by setting aside a lectotype designation for Gongylus (Eumeces) freycineti Duméril & Bibron, 1839 by Wells & Wellington in 1985 in favour of a later lectotype designation by Brown in 1991.
Kittlitz’s Murrelets (Brachyramphus brevirostris) nest during summer in glaciated or recently deglaciated (post-Wisconsin) landscapes. They forage in adjacent marine waters, especially those influenced by glacial meltwater. Little is known of their movements and distribution outside the breeding season. To identify post-breeding migrations of murrelets, we attached satellite transmitters to birds (n = 47) captured at sea in the Gulf of Alaska and Aleutian Islands during May – July 2009 – 15 and tracked 27 birds that migrated from capture areas. Post-breeding murrelets migrated toward the Bering Sea, with short periods of movement (median 2 d) separated by short stopovers (median 1 d). Travel speeds averaged 79.4 km d-1 (83.5 SD, 449.1 maximum). Five Kittlitz’s Murrelets tagged in Prince William Sound in May migrated to the Bering Sea by August and four continued north to the Arctic Ocean, logging 2500 – 4000 km of travel. Many birds spent 2‒3 weeks with little movement along coasts of the Alaska Peninsula or eastern Bering Sea during late August through September, also the pre-basic molt period. Ship-based surveys, many of which were conducted concurrently with our telemetry studies, confirmed that substantial numbers of Kittlitz’s Murrelets migrate into the Arctic Ocean during autumn. They also revealed that some birds spend winter and spring in the Bering Sea in association with ice-edge, polynya, or marginal ice zone habitats before returning to summer breeding grounds. We conclude that this species is best characterized as a sub-Arctic and Arctic species, which has implications for future risk assessments and threat mitigation.
The High Point paleosol is 2.28-meters-thick aggradational soil developed in fining upward estuarine-alluvial sand and loess. The paleosol is exposed in a few shoreline cliff faces of Mason Neck, Virginia. Although a former A horizon is missing, the E, Bw, Bt, and C horizon sequence seen in the sediments indicates subaerial pedogenesis. Pedogenesis began with initial estuarine-alluvial floodplain emergence as sea level was lowering in late marine isotope stage 5 (MIS5) and MIS4, continued during eolian silt deposition accompanied by incorporation of the silt into the estuarine-alluvial sand, and ended with a period of loess and eolian sand deposition, erosion, and development of periglacial(?) features. Six optically stimulated luminescence ages provide an age range from 86 to 56 ka (thousand years ago) for sedimentary units below and above the paleosol. These ages indicate a 10,000- to 30,000-year interval in late MIS5 and MIS4 for these events to have occurred.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20211113","usgsCitation":"Markewich, H.W., Wysocki, D.A., Pavich, M.J., Smoot, J.P., and Litwin, R.J., 2021, Stratigraphy and age of a prominent paleosol in a late Pleistocene sedimentary sequence, Mason Neck, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021–1113, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211113.","productDescription":"vii, 24 p.","numberOfPages":"36","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-129382","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393454,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1113/ofr20211113.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.46 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2021-1113"},{"id":393453,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1113/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Mason Neck","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.40966796875,\n 38.507340712903456\n ],\n [\n -76.7724609375,\n 38.507340712903456\n ],\n [\n -76.7724609375,\n 38.884619201291905\n ],\n [\n -77.40966796875,\n 38.884619201291905\n ],\n [\n -77.40966796875,\n 38.507340712903456\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Florence Bascom Geoscience Center
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive
Reston, VA 21092
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC) in St. Petersburg, Florida, investigates processes that form and alter coastal and marine environments and the implications of these processes related to natural hazards, resource sustainability, and environmental change. The center is one of three facilities serving the mission of the USGS Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program, an initiative authorized by Congress in 1962 that serves as the primary Federal program for marine geology and physical science research and is responsible for the Nation’s entire coastal and marine landscape.
The center’s staff conducts scientific research around the globe to describe and deepen understanding of the processes that influence coastal and marine ecosystems, such as sandy beaches and barrier islands, salt marshes and estuaries, coral reefs, and the open ocean from the continental shelf to the deep sea. The center includes a diverse workforce of scientists, technicians, administrators, analysts, and technology and information specialists. This team works collaboratively to conduct and share robust scientific research. This document provides a glimpse into the center’s work to better understand the processes shaping coastal and marine environments across the Nation.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/gip214","usgsCitation":"Emory, M.E., 2021, Coastal and marine science of the U.S. Geological Survey in St. Petersburg, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey General Information Product 214, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/gip214.","productDescription":"16 p.","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-122131","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393305,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/214/gip214.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.40 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"GIP 214"},{"id":393304,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/214/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"St. Petersburg","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.90557861328125,\n 27.622706835797302\n ],\n [\n -82.51281738281249,\n 27.622706835797302\n ],\n [\n -82.51281738281249,\n 27.9337540167772\n ],\n [\n -82.90557861328125,\n 27.9337540167772\n ],\n [\n -82.90557861328125,\n 27.622706835797302\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
600 4th Street South
St. Petersburg, FL 33701
The removal of two large dams on the Elwha River was completed in 2014 with a goal of restoring anadromous salmonid populations. Using observations from ongoing field studies, we compiled a timeline of migratory fish passage upstream of each dam. We also used spatially continuous snorkeling surveys in consecutive years before (2007, 2008) and after (2018, 2019) dam removal during summer baseflow to assess changes in fish distribution and density over 65 km of the mainstem Elwha River. Before dam removal, anadromous fishes were limited to the 7.9 km section of river downstream of Elwha Dam, potamodromous species could not migrate throughout the river system, and resident trout were the most abundant species. After dam removal, there was rapid passage into areas upstream of Elwha Dam, with 8 anadromous species (Chinook, Coho, Sockeye, Pink, Chum, Winter Steelhead, Summer Steelhead, Pacific Lamprey, and Bull Trout) observed within 2.5 years. All of these runs except Chum Salmon were also observed in upper Elwha upstream of Glines Canyon Dam within 5 years. The spatial extent of fish passage by adult Chinook Salmon and Summer Steelhead increased by 50 km and 60 km, respectively, after dam removal. Adult Chinook Salmon densities in some previously inaccessible reaches in the middle section of the river exceeded the highest densities observed in the lower section of the river prior to dam removal. The large number (>100) of adult Summer Steelhead in the upper river after dam removal was notable because it was among the rarest anadromous species in the Elwha River prior to dam removal. The spatial extent of trout and Bull Trout remained unchanged after dam removal, but their total abundance increased and their highest densities shifted from the lower 25 km of the river to the upper 40 km. Our results show that reconnecting the Elwha River through dam removal provided fish access to portions of the watershed that had been blocked for nearly a century.
","language":"English","publisher":"Frontiers Media","doi":"10.3389/fevo.2021.765488","usgsCitation":"Duda, J.J., Torgersen, C.E., Brenkman, S.J., Peters, R.J., Sutton, K.T., Connor, H.A., Kennedy, P.R., Corbett, S.C., Welty, E., Geffre, A., Geffre, J., Crain, P., Shreffler, D., McMillan, J., McHenry, M., and Pess, G.R., 2021, Reconnecting the Elwha River: Spatial patterns of fish response to dam removal: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, v. 9, 765488, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.765488.","productDescription":"765488, 17 p.","ipdsId":"IP-132960","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":449975,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.765488","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436083,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data 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Stormwater calculations were computed according to the Georgia Stormwater Management Manual, including drainage area delineations, design-storm runoff volumes and peak discharges, stage-storage and stage-discharge curves, and outflow calculations. The results of these analyses were compared to Georgia’s regulatory requirements for dry detention basins. The two existing flood management structures did not meet the requirements for a dry detention basin. Planning-level analyses for these basins indicate that the existing structures do not have adequate storage capacity for the overbank flood design-storm runoff volume (25-year, 24-hour storm) or the extreme flood design-storm runoff volume (100-year, 24-hour storm) and neither storm water structural control 2 nor storm water structural control 3 has the emergency spillway needed to safely convey overflows. Furthermore, land use changes (forest removal) and the risk for additional sediment loads to these structures may reduce available storage volume, increasing the risk for design failure. Three potential retrofit alternatives were provided for planning purposes only, with a brief discussion of advantages and disadvantages of each alternative retrofit strategy.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20211121","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Environmental and Natural Resources Management Division of the U.S. Army Garrison Fort Gordon","usgsCitation":"Stillwell, C.C., 2021, Evaluation of two existing flood management structures in U.S. Army Garrison Fort Gordon, Georgia, 2020: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021–1121, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211121.","productDescription":"v, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-126439","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":394595,"rank":5,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/ofr20211121/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":393446,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1121/images/"},{"id":393440,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1121/ofr20211121.XML"},{"id":393438,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1121/ofr20211121.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6.04 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2021-1121"},{"id":393439,"rank":2,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1121/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Fort Gordon","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.18254089355469,\n 33.415018689904805\n ],\n [\n -82.1664047241211,\n 33.415018689904805\n ],\n [\n -82.1664047241211,\n 33.42742998368805\n ],\n [\n -82.18254089355469,\n 33.42742998368805\n ],\n [\n -82.18254089355469,\n 33.415018689904805\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1770 Corporate Drive Suite 500
Norcross, GA 30093
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Calibration and Validation (Cal/Val) Center of Excellence (ECCOE) focuses on improving the accuracy, precision, calibration, and product quality of remote-sensing data, leveraging years of multiscale optical system geometric and radiometric calibration and characterization experience. The ECCOE Landsat Cal/Val Team continually monitors the geometric and radiometric performance of active Landsat missions and makes calibration adjustments, as needed, to maintain data quality at the highest level.
This report provides observed geometric and radiometric analysis results for Landsats 7–8 for quarter 2 (April–June), 2021. All data used to compile the Cal/Val analysis results presented in this report are freely available from the USGS EarthExplorer website: https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov.
One specific activity that the Cal/Val Team continued to closely monitor this quarter was the Landsat 8 Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) response degradation, which has been observed since the two November 2020 safehold events. Detailed analysis results characterizing this degradation have been included in this report. Additional information about the safehold events is here: https://www.usgs.gov/core-science-systems/nli/landsat/november-19-2020-landsat-8-data-availability-update-recent-safehold.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20211105","usgsCitation":"Micijevic, E., Rengarajan, R., Haque, M.O., Lubke, M., Tuli, F.T., Shaw, J.L., Hasan, N., Denevan, A., Franks, S., Choate, M.J., Anderson, C., Markham, B., Thome, K., Kaita, E., Barsi, J., Levy, R., and Ong, L., 2021, ECCOE Landsat quarterly Calibration and Validation report — Quarter 2, 2021: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021–1105, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20211105.","productDescription":"vii, 40 p.","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-130990","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":393445,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1105/images"},{"id":393443,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1105/ofr20211105.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.86 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2021–1105"},{"id":393442,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1105/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":393444,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2021/1105/ofr20211105.XML","size":"118 kB","description":"OFR 2021–1105 xml"}],"contact":"Director, Earth Resources Observation and Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
47914 252nd Street
Sioux Falls, SD 57198