{"pageNumber":"435","pageRowStart":"10850","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16446,"records":[{"id":19541,"text":"ofr94509 - 1994 - Hydrologic, water-quality, and meteorologic data from selected sites in the Upper Catawba River Basin, North Carolina, January 1993 through March 1994","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-04T11:47:32","indexId":"ofr94509","displayToPublicDate":"1995-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-509","title":"Hydrologic, water-quality, and meteorologic data from selected sites in the Upper Catawba River Basin, North Carolina, January 1993 through March 1994","docAbstract":"Hydrologic, water-quality, and meteorologic data were collected from January 1993 through March 1994 as part of a water-quality investigation of the Upper Catawba River Basin, North Carolina. Specific objectives of the investigation were to characterize the water quality of Rhodhiss Lake, Lake Hickory, and three tributary streams, and to calibrate hydrodynamic water-quality models for the two reservoirs.\r\n\r\nSampling locations included 11 sites in Rhodhiss Lake, 14 sites in Lake Hickory, and 3 tributary sites. Tributary sites were located at Lower Creek upstream from Rhodhiss Lake and at Upper Little River and Middle Little River upstream from Lake Hickory. During 21 sampling visits, specific conductance, pH, water temperature, dissolved-oxygen concentration, and water transparency were measured at all sampling locations. Water samples were collected for analysis of biochemical oxygen demand, fecal coliform bacteria, hardness, alkalinity, total and volatile suspended solids, suspended sediment, nutrients, total organic carbon, chlorophyll, iron, calcium, and magnesium from three sites in each reservoir and from the three tributary sites. Chemical and particle-size analyses of bottom material from Rhodhiss Lake and Lake Hickory were performed once during the study. At selected locations, automated instruments recorded water level, streamflow, water temperature, solar radiation, and air temperature at 15-minute intervals throughout the study.\r\n\r\nHydrologic data presented in the report include monthly water-level statistics and daily mean values of discharge. Diagrams, tables, and statistical summaries of water-quality data are provided. Meteorologic data in the report include monthly precipitation, and daily mean values of solar radiation and air temperature.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS ESIC, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94509","usgsCitation":"Jaynes, M., 1994, Hydrologic, water-quality, and meteorologic data from selected sites in the Upper Catawba River Basin, North Carolina, January 1993 through March 1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-509, iv, 77 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94509.","productDescription":"iv, 77 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":152211,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0509/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49012,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0509/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Upper Catawba River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.07841491699219,\n 35.745397676018534\n ],\n [\n -81.05987548828125,\n 35.7944246009799\n ],\n [\n -81.07429504394531,\n 35.846760876811395\n ],\n [\n -81.12579345703125,\n 35.917971791312816\n ],\n [\n -81.17660522460938,\n 36.030221194310705\n ],\n [\n -81.22879028320312,\n 36.04077109130517\n ],\n [\n -81.32560729980469,\n 36.03244234269516\n ],\n [\n -81.45538330078125,\n 35.97633917493598\n ],\n [\n -81.50413513183594,\n 35.940212068887455\n ],\n [\n -81.55288696289062,\n 35.92909271208457\n ],\n [\n -81.65863037109375,\n 35.9974519815276\n ],\n [\n -81.78291320800781,\n 36.00300704420516\n ],\n [\n -81.93260192871094,\n 36.017448375720896\n ],\n [\n -81.98959350585936,\n 35.98356261296409\n ],\n [\n -82.01774597167969,\n 35.92353244718235\n ],\n [\n -82.01019287109375,\n 35.84787403967154\n ],\n [\n -82.01019287109375,\n 35.77994251888403\n ],\n [\n -82.09259033203125,\n 35.705819838018655\n ],\n [\n -82.14752197265625,\n 35.68407153314097\n ],\n [\n -82.27420806884766,\n 35.576358049114944\n ],\n [\n -82.26322174072264,\n 35.56686337967425\n ],\n [\n -82.2052001953125,\n 35.54116627999815\n ],\n [\n -82.100830078125,\n 35.567980458012094\n ],\n [\n -82.0184326171875,\n 35.59031875398378\n ],\n [\n -81.8865966796875,\n 35.47856499535729\n ],\n [\n -81.65176391601562,\n 35.6517169333161\n ],\n [\n -81.43478393554688,\n 35.687417812220446\n ],\n [\n -81.309814453125,\n 35.69634053686435\n ],\n [\n -81.07841491699219,\n 35.745397676018534\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688868","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jaynes, M.L.","contributorId":45736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaynes","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":20668,"text":"ofr94473 - 1994 - A selected bibliography of references on geology, hydrology, and geochemistry of the Midwestern Basins and Arches region; Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:44","indexId":"ofr94473","displayToPublicDate":"1995-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-473","title":"A selected bibliography of references on geology, hydrology, and geochemistry of the Midwestern Basins and Arches region; Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois","docAbstract":"This report contains selected references used for the Midwestern Basins and Arches Regional Aquifer System Analysis project of the U.S. Geological Survey. The project was begun in 1988 to study the geologic framework, hydrology, and geochemistry of the surficial and the Silurian and Devonian carbonate-rock aquifers in the Midwestern Basins and Arches Region. The area of data collection is 90,000 square miles and includes parts of Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois. Geologic, hydrologic, and geochemical references that apply to the hydrogeology and geochemistry of the region were collected and are presented in this bibliography by State and by geologic, hydrologic, and geochemical categories for each State.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor], 1994","doi":"10.3133/ofr94473","usgsCitation":"Robinson, A., and Bugliosi, E.F., 1994, A selected bibliography of references on geology, hydrology, and geochemistry of the Midwestern Basins and Arches region; Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, and Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-473, iii, 38 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94473.","productDescription":"iii, 38 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153107,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0473/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":50193,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0473/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b18e4b07f02db6a71a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Anthony","contributorId":57480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Anthony","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bugliosi, Edward F. ebuglios@usgs.gov","contributorId":1083,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bugliosi","given":"Edward","email":"ebuglios@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":183034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":25675,"text":"wri944002 - 1994 - Nationwide summary of US Geological Survey regional regression equations for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods for ungaged sites, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:10","indexId":"wri944002","displayToPublicDate":"1995-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4002","title":"Nationwide summary of US Geological Survey regional regression equations for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods for ungaged sites, 1993","docAbstract":"For many years, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has been involved in the development of regional regression equations for estimating flood magnitude and frequency at ungaged sites. These regression equations are used to transfer flood characteristics from gaged to ungaged sites through the use of watershed and climatic characteristics as explanatory or predictor variables. Generally these equations have been developed on a statewide or metropolitan area basis as part of cooperative study programs with specific State Departments of Transportation or specific cities. The USGS, in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration and the Federal Emergency Management Agency, has compiled all the current (as of September 1993) statewide and metropolitan area regression equations into a micro-computer program titled the National Flood Frequency Program.This program includes regression equations for estimating flood-peak discharges and techniques for estimating a typical flood hydrograph for a given recurrence interval peak discharge for unregulated rural and urban watersheds. These techniques should be useful to engineers and hydrologists for planning and design applications. This report summarizes the statewide regression equations for rural watersheds in each State, summarizes the applicable metropolitan area or statewide regression equations for urban watersheds, describes the National Flood Frequency Program for making these computations, and provides much of the reference information on the extrapolation variables needed to run the program.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944002","usgsCitation":"Jennings, M., Thomas, W., and Riggs, H.C., 1994, Nationwide summary of US Geological Survey regional regression equations for estimating magnitude and frequency of floods for ungaged sites, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4002, v, 196 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm. +1 computer disk (3 1/2 in.) [PGS - 203 p.], https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944002.","productDescription":"v, 196 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm. +1 computer disk (3 1/2 in.) [PGS - 203 p.]","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4002/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54443,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4002/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db698398","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennings, M.E.","contributorId":76775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thomas, W.O. Jr.","contributorId":32133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thomas","given":"W.O.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Riggs, H. C.","contributorId":17210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riggs","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":194608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":28842,"text":"wri934116 - 1994 - Application of the precipitation-runoff modeling system model to simulate dry season runoff for three watersheds in south-central Guam","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:44","indexId":"wri934116","displayToPublicDate":"1995-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4116","title":"Application of the precipitation-runoff modeling system model to simulate dry season runoff for three watersheds in south-central Guam","docAbstract":"The Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System model was calibrated and verified using existing hydrologic and climatic data for the Maulap and Imong River watersheds for simulation of dry season runoff from three gaged areas that contribute to the Fena Reservoir water supply. The model was applied to the Almagosa River watershed by transferring calibrated parameters and coefficients because data were not available for daily diversions of as much as 3.9 cubic feet per second of runoff at Almagosa Springs. Application of the model in the watershed of Fena Reservoir can provide a physically based method for estimating reservoir recharge during the dry season, January through May. Estimated recharge can be examined in relation to the effect of varying intensities of monthly reservoir-water production in order to identify a basis for the rational release of water. Differences between simulated and observed monthly mean runoff for dry season months in the verification period (November 1980 through December 1981) ranged from-0.04 cubic feet per second (-3.51 percent) to 0.74 cubic feet per second (30.34 percent) at Maulap River and from 0.03 cubic feet per second (1.3 percent) to 1.19 cubic feet per second (27.95 percent) at Imong River. On the basis of runoff simulations for the four complete dry seasons included in the total calibration and verification periods (1981 and 1984-86), the total volume of runoff during the 5month dry season can be predicted to within 20 percent of actual runoff at Maulap River, and to within 27 percent at Imong River.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nOpen-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri934116","usgsCitation":"Nakama, L., 1994, Application of the precipitation-runoff modeling system model to simulate dry season runoff for three watersheds in south-central Guam: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4116, v, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934116.","productDescription":"v, 38 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123512,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4116/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57717,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4116/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac6e4b07f02db67a66f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakama, L.Y.","contributorId":27097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakama","given":"L.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":28483,"text":"wri944168 - 1994 - Users manual for an expert system (HSPEXP) for calibration of the hydrological simulation program; Fortran","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:46","indexId":"wri944168","displayToPublicDate":"1995-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4168","title":"Users manual for an expert system (HSPEXP) for calibration of the hydrological simulation program; Fortran","docAbstract":"Expert system software was developed to assist less experienced modelers with calibration of a watershed model and to facilitate the interaction between the modeler and the modeling process not provided by mathematical optimization. A prototype was developed with artificial intelligence software tools, a knowledge engineer, and two domain experts. The manual procedures used by the domain experts were identified and the prototype was then coded by the knowledge engineer. The expert system consists of a set of hierarchical rules designed to guide the calibration of the model through a systematic evaluation of model parameters. When the prototype was completed and tested, it was rewritten for portability and operational use and was named HSPEXP. The watershed model Hydrological Simulation Program--Fortran (HSPF) is used in the expert system. This report is the users manual for HSPEXP and contains a discussion of the concepts and detailed steps and examples for using the software. The system has been tested on watersheds in the States of Washington and Maryland, and the system correctly identified the model parameters to be adjusted and the adjustments led to improved calibration.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/wri944168","usgsCitation":"Lumb, A., McCammon, R., and Kittle, J., 1994, Users manual for an expert system (HSPEXP) for calibration of the hydrological simulation program; Fortran: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4168, iv, 102 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944168.","productDescription":"iv, 102 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":159196,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4168/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57282,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4168/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a16e4b07f02db603d2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lumb, A.M.","contributorId":70019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lumb","given":"A.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCammon, R.B.","contributorId":17218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCammon","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kittle, J.L. Jr.","contributorId":89574,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kittle","given":"J.L.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":199887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25412,"text":"wri944149 - 1994 - Characterization of the hydrogeology and water quality at the Management Systems Evaluation Area near Princeton, Minnesota, 1991-92","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-08T13:48:52","indexId":"wri944149","displayToPublicDate":"1995-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4149","title":"Characterization of the hydrogeology and water quality at the Management Systems Evaluation Area near Princeton, Minnesota, 1991-92","docAbstract":"

The Management Systems Evaluation Area (MSEA) program is part of a multi-scale, inter-agency initiative to evaluate the effects of agricultural management systems on water quality in the midwest corn belt. The Minnesota MSEA project is one of five projects selected to represent the principal hydrogeologic settings and geographic diversity of prevailing management systems in the midwest corn belt. The Minnesota MSEA research area is located in the Anoka Sand Plain about 5 kilometers southwest of Princeton, Minnesota. The water-quality monitoring network within the 65-hectare research area consists of 29 observation wells and 22 multiport wells. Thirteen observation wells also are located outside the research area.

\n

Glacial deposits beneath the research area generally consist of fine to medium sand in the unsaturated zone and coarse to very coarse sand and gravel in the saturated zone. The average depth to the water table is about 3.6 meters below land surface. Ground-water recharge during 1992 was lower (4.9-13.2 centimeters) than during 1991 (11.7-25.7 centimeters) because of reduced precipitation (58.5 centimeters during 1992 and 94.5 centimeters during 1991).

\n

Estimates of saturated horizontal hydraulic conductivity for the surficial aquifer were made using five methods. Results were within about two orders of magnitude and also agree favorably with estimates from a previous study of the Anoka Sand Plain. The smallest hydraulic conductivities were obtained using laboratory analyses (0.0052 centimeters per second) and the largest estimate was obtained from results of an aquifer test (0.2820 centimeters per second). The estimate of hydraulic conductivity based on the time of travel of chloride (0.0655 centimeters per second) is considered most accurate and representative of the surficial aquifer in the research area.

\n

 

\n

Anthropogenic effects of previous land use were detected in water samples collected during April 1991, prior to implementation of the MSEA farming systems. Concentrations of nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate-N) in the surficial aquifer equaled or exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's recommended maximum contaminant level of 10 milligrams per liter (mg/L) in 4 of the 7 wells in the research area. The maximum concentration of nitrate-N in ground water from these wells was 23 mg/L with a median of 10 mg/L. The median concentration of nitrate-N for these wells exceeded the median in wells located upgradient from the research area (2.1 mg/L). Similarly, the median concentration of chloride from wells in the research area (11 mg/L) exceeded the median in upgradient wells (3.8 mg/L). On-site sources of the elevated nitrate-N include decomposition of alfalfa, grown on-site during 1981-89, and application of nitrogen fertilizer to corn during 1990. A likely on-site source of the elevated chloride is application of potassium-chloride fertilizer to crops prior to 1991.

\n

Atrazine was detected by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy in 2 of the 7 wells in the research area at concentrations of 0.04 and 0.17 micrograms per liter (ug/L), well below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's recommended maximum contaminant level of 3 ug/L. The median concentration in these Wells was less than the qualitative detection limit of 0.01 ug/L. Atrazine metabolite de-ethylatrazine was the most frequently detected herbicide or herbicide metabolite. De-ethylatrazine was detected in 5 of the 7 wells in the research area at concentrations ranging from 0.12 to 0.32 ug/L with a median concentration of 0.14 ug/L. Atrazine metabolite de-isopropylatrazine was not detected above the qualitative detection limit of 0.06 ug/L. The most likely sources of atrazine are applications to the research area during 1990 or from precipitation.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Mounds View, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri944149","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the University of Minnesota Department of Soil Science, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, and the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency","usgsCitation":"Delin, G., Landon, M., Lamb, J., and Anderson, J.L., 1994, Characterization of the hydrogeology and water quality at the Management Systems Evaluation Area near Princeton, Minnesota, 1991-92: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4149, vi, 54 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944149.","productDescription":"vi, 54 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123611,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4149/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54136,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1994/4149/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","city":"Princeton","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.64797592163086,\n 45.509474756808736\n ],\n [\n -93.64797592163086,\n 45.58304947361755\n ],\n [\n -93.55991363525389,\n 45.58304947361755\n ],\n [\n -93.55991363525389,\n 45.509474756808736\n ],\n [\n -93.64797592163086,\n 45.509474756808736\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c676","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Delin, G. N.","contributorId":12834,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"G. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193576,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landon, M.K. 0000-0002-5766-0494","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5766-0494","contributorId":69572,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landon","given":"M.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193577,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lamb, J.A.","contributorId":95898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lamb","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193578,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, J. L.","contributorId":103240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193579,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":44756,"text":"wri924181 - 1994 - Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 7: Water-quality survey of the Mermentau River basin, 1989-90","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:00","indexId":"wri924181","displayToPublicDate":"1995-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4181","title":"Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 7: Water-quality survey of the Mermentau River basin, 1989-90","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri924181","usgsCitation":"Demcheck, D.K., 1994, Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 7: Water-quality survey of the Mermentau River basin, 1989-90: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4181, 5 maps on 3 sheets : 1 col. ; 31 x 24 cm. or smaller, sheets 65 x 69 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924181.","productDescription":"5 maps on 3 sheets : 1 col. ; 31 x 24 cm. or smaller, sheets 65 x 69 cm., folded in envelope 30 x 24 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":135969,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":82061,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4181/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82062,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4181/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":82063,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1992/4181/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640a92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Demcheck, Dennis K. 0000-0003-2981-078X ddemchec@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2981-078X","contributorId":3273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Demcheck","given":"Dennis","email":"ddemchec@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":31830,"text":"ofr9326 - 1994 - Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, Florida, October 1985-September 1986","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":31830,"text":"ofr9326 - 1994 - Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, Florida, October 1985-September 1986","indexId":"ofr9326","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, Florida, October 1985-September 1986"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2093,"text":"wsp2439 - 1997 - Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, a seepage lake in Polk County, Florida","indexId":"wsp2439","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, a seepage lake in Polk County, Florida"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":2093,"text":"wsp2439 - 1997 - Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, a seepage lake in Polk County, Florida","indexId":"wsp2439","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, a seepage lake in Polk County, Florida"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:04","indexId":"ofr9326","displayToPublicDate":"1995-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-26","title":"Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, Florida, October 1985-September 1986","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/ofr9326","usgsCitation":"Lee, T.M., and Swancar, A., 1994, Influence of evaporation, ground water, and uncertainty in the hydrologic budget of Lake Lucerne, Florida, October 1985-September 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-26, 191 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9326.","productDescription":"191 p. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":160201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671ec8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, T. M.","contributorId":67855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":207034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swancar, Amy aswancar@usgs.gov","contributorId":450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swancar","given":"Amy","email":"aswancar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":207033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":27429,"text":"wri934100 - 1994 - Analysis of data from test-well sites along the downdip limit of freshwater in the Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio, Texas, 1985-87","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T13:15:26","indexId":"wri934100","displayToPublicDate":"1995-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"93-4100","title":"Analysis of data from test-well sites along the downdip limit of freshwater in the Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio, Texas, 1985-87","docAbstract":"

Many researchers have studied the downdip limit of freshwater in the Edwards aquifer or various aspects of the saline-water zone and its relation to the freshwater zone. These studies were summarized and used to synthesize a consistent hydrologic and geochemical framework from which to interpret data from field studies. The concept derived from the previous work on the downdip limit of the freshwater zone is that fresh recharge water entered the aquifer and developed a vast flow system controlled by barrier faults. Some recharge water flows into the saline-water zone rather than toward major freshwater discharge points. The water that enters the salinewater zone continues to dissolve gypsum and dolomite, and calcite precipitates out of the water. This process of dedolomitization has helped to develop the large secondary porosity of the freshwater zone as the downdip limit of the freshwater zone progressively moved downdip in recent geologic time.

\n

The drilling of test holes and installation of monitoring wells began in 1985 and helped to define the downdip limit of the freshwater zone at one location. Dolomite was found in greater amounts in rocks from the saline-water-zone test hole than in rocks from the freshwater-zone test hole. Other mineralogic and lithologic contrasts between the saline-water-zone test hole and the freshwater-zone test hole support the conceptual model of dedolomitization. Geophysical logs and test-hole survey logs helped to define the stratification of freshwater and associated altered rock textures, secondary porosity development, and water chemistry in the freshwater-, saline-water-, and transition-zone test holes.

\n

The differences in actual measured head among the seven completed monitor wells varied over time, especially during periods of substantial water use. The water levels in two monitor wells completed at the freshwater zone (site D; wells Dl and D2) responded quickly and strongly to withdrawals. In the transition zone (site C; wells Cl and C2), the water level in the shallow monitor well (Cl) completed in a cavern responded quickly, but because it was farther from the water-supply wells near site D, it did not respond as strongly to changes in withdrawals at the nearby well field. The water levels in the three salinewater wells at site A (Al, A2, and A3) and the deep site C well (C2) were less responsive to stresses relative to the water-level changes in the freshwater wells (Dl, D2, and Cl).

\n

Large amounts of freshwater were produced from the upper 300 to 350 feet of the aquifer in the freshwater zone (site D). Water produced from below this interval was as saline as that from the saline-water zone (site A). The cavern near the top of the aquifer in the transition zone (site C) produced large amounts of freshwater. The freshwater produced from the cavern was of a different geochemical type than the water from the other wells. The saline-water-zone test hole (site A) produced small amounts of water having specific conductance generally about 5,800 to 6,200 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius.

\n

A consistent trend in the water quality was not detected in the monitor-well data for July 1986-April 1987. This was caused, in part, by the average to above-average rainfall and by the lack of large withdrawals during the period. The water quality of samples from several of the wells was similar to the water quality determined by a previous study of the area. Geochemistry of the oil- or gas-well brines from downdip in the saline-water zone had slight resemblance to the geochemistry of the water at the downdip limit of freshwater; updip flow of saline water toward the freshwater zone was not indicated.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri934100","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System, Edwards Underground Water District, and Texas Water Development Board","usgsCitation":"Groschen, G., 1994, Analysis of data from test-well sites along the downdip limit of freshwater in the Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio, Texas, 1985-87: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4100, vi, 92 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri934100.","productDescription":"vi, 92 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122715,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4100/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":56291,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1993/4100/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"San Antonio","otherGeospatial":"Edwards Aquifer","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db680635","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Groschen, G.E.","contributorId":17260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Groschen","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":198105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29003,"text":"wri944185 - 1994 - Identification, characterization, and analysis of hydraulically conductive fractures in granitic basement rocks, Millville, Massachusetts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-08T13:46:53","indexId":"wri944185","displayToPublicDate":"1995-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-4185","title":"Identification, characterization, and analysis of hydraulically conductive fractures in granitic basement rocks, Millville, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"A suite of geophysical logs designed to identify and characterize fractures and water production in fractures was run in six bedrock boreholes at a ground-water contamination site near the towns of Millville and Uxbridge in south-central Massachusetts. The geophysical logs used in this study included conventional gamma, single-point resistance, borehole fluid resistivity, caliper, spontaneous potential, and temperature; and the borehole televiewer and heat-pulse flowmeter, which are not usually used to log bedrock water-supply wells. Downward flow under ambient hydraulic-head conditions was measured in three of the boreholes at the site, and the profile of fluid column resistivity inferred from the logs indicated downward flow in all six boreholes. Steady injection tests at about 1.0 gallon per minute were used to identify fractures capable of conducting flow under test conditions. Sixteen of 157 fracturesidentified on the televiewer logs and interpreted as permeable fractures in the data analysis were determined to conduct flow under ambient hydraulic-head conditions or during injection. Hydraulic-head monitoring in the bedrock boreholes indicated a consistent head difference between the upper and lower parts of the boreholes. This naturally occurring hydraulic-head condition may account, in part, for the transport of contaminants from the overlying soil into the bedrock aquifer. The downward flow may also account for the decrease in contaminant concentrations found in some boreholes after routine use of the boreholes as water-supply wells was discontinued.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wri944185","usgsCitation":"Paillet, F.L., and Ollila, P., 1994, Identification, characterization, and analysis of hydraulically conductive fractures in granitic basement rocks, Millville, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4185, v, 38 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri944185.","productDescription":"v, 38 p.","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c762","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ollila, P.W.","contributorId":45750,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ollila","given":"P.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":67934,"text":"ha730H - 1994 - Ground Water Atlas of the United States: Segment 7, Idaho, Oregon, Washington","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":67934,"text":"ha730H - 1994 - Ground Water Atlas of the United States: Segment 7, Idaho, Oregon, Washington","indexId":"ha730H","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"chapter":"H","title":"Ground Water Atlas of the United States: Segment 7, Idaho, Oregon, Washington"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":68687,"text":"ha730 - 2000 - Ground Water Atlas of the United States","indexId":"ha730","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"Ground Water Atlas of the United States"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":68687,"text":"ha730 - 2000 - Ground Water Atlas of the United States","indexId":"ha730","publicationYear":"2000","noYear":false,"title":"Ground Water Atlas of the United States"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-30T15:43:48","indexId":"ha730H","displayToPublicDate":"1995-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":318,"text":"Hydrologic Atlas","code":"HA","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"730","chapter":"H","title":"Ground Water Atlas of the United States: Segment 7, Idaho, Oregon, Washington","docAbstract":"

The States of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington, which total 248,730 square miles, compose Segment 7 of this Atlas. The area is geologically and topographically diverse and contains a wealth of scenic beauty, natural resources, and ground and surface water that generally are suitable for all uses. Most of the area of Segment 7 is drained by the Columbia River, its tributaries, and other streams that discharge to the Pacific Ocean. Exceptions are those streams that flow to closed basins in southeastern Oregon and northern Nevada and to the Great Salt Lake in northern Utah. The Columbia River is one of the largest rivers in the Nation. The downstream reach of the Columbia River forms most of the border between Oregon and Washington. In 1990, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington had populations of 1.0 million, 2.8 million, and 4.9 million, respectively. The more densely populated parts are in lowland areas and stream valleys. Many of the mountains, the deserts, and the upland areas of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington lack major population centers. Large areas of Idaho and Oregon are uninhabited and are mostly public land (fig. 1) where extensive ground-water development is restricted.

Surface water is abundant in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington, though not always available when and where needed. In some places, surface water provides much of the water used for public-supply, domestic and commercial, agricultural (primarily irrigation and livestock watering), and industrial purposes. In arid parts of Segment 7, however, surface water has long been fully appropriated, chiefly for irrigation. Ground water is used when and where surface-water supplies are lacking.

Ground water is commonly available to shallow wells that are completed in unconsolidated-deposit aquifers that consist primarily of sand and gravel but contain variable quantities of clay and silt. Many large-yield public-supply and irrigation wells and thousands of domestic wells are completed in these types of aquifers, generally in areas of privately owned land (fig. 1). In many places, deeper wells produce water from underlying volcanic rocks, usually basalt.

Most irrigation (fig. 2) is on lowlands next to streams and on adjacent terraces. Generally, lowlands within a few miles of a main stream are irrigated with surface water diverted by gravity flow from the main stream or a reservoir and distributed through a system of canals and ditches. In some areas, water is pumped to irrigate lands farther from the stream at a higher altitude. Along the Snake and Columbia Rivers, large pumping systems withdraw billions of gallons of water per day from the rivers to irrigate adjacent uplands that are more than 500 feet higher than the rivers. Elsewhere, irrigation water is obtained from large-capacity wells, where depth to water might exceed 500 feet below land surface.

Aquifers in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington, as in most other States, differ considerably in thickness and permeability, and well yields differ accordingly. Ground-water levels in a few areas have declined as a result of withdrawals by wells. State governments have taken steps to alleviate declines in some areas by enacting programs that either limit the number of additional wells that can be completed in a particular aquifer (Ground-Water Management Area) or prevent further ground-water development (Critical Ground-Water Area).

Segment 7 includes some of the driest parts of the Nation, as well as some of the wettest. Average annual precipitation (1951-80) ranges from less than 10 inches in arid parts of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington to more than 80 inches in the western parts of Oregon and Washington (fig. 3). Most storms generally move eastward through the area. The eastward-moving air absorbs the moisture that evaporates from the Pacific Ocean. As this air encounters the fronts of mountain ranges, it rises, cools, and condenses. Accordingly, the western sides of the mountain ranges receive the most precipitation. Much of the annual precipitation moves directly to streams as overland runoff. Some of the precipitation is returned to the atmosphere by evapotranspiration, which is the combination of evaporation from the surface and transpiration from the plants. A small part of the precipitation infiltrates the soil and percolates downward to recharge underlying aquifers.

Average annual runoff ( 1951-80) in the segment varies considerably (fig. 4), and the distribution of the runoff generally parallels that of precipitation. In the arid and the semiarid parts of Segment 7, most precipitation replenishes soil moisture, evaporates, or is transpired by vegetation. Little is left to maintain streamflow or to recharge aquifers. In the wetter parts, much of the precipitation runs off the land surface to maintain streamflow, and because evaporation is usually less in wetter areas, more water is available to recharge aquifers. Precipitation that falls as snow generally does not become runoff until spring thaws begin. Reservoirs constructed on major streams to mitigate flooding and to store water for irrigation, hydroelectric-power generation, and recreation also affect the timing of runoff. The runoff is stored and subsequently released during drier periods to maintain downstream flow.

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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ab0e4b07f02db66dd74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitehead, R.L.","contributorId":34891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitehead","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":277350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":19192,"text":"ofr94471 - 1994 - Dissolved nutrient and suspended particulate matter data for the San Francisco Bay estuary, California, October 1991 through November 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-08T14:09:28","indexId":"ofr94471","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-471","title":"Dissolved nutrient and suspended particulate matter data for the San Francisco Bay estuary, California, October 1991 through November 1993","docAbstract":"

The U.S. Geological Survey conducted hydrologic investigations in San Francisco Bay between October 1991 and November 1993. Dissolved inorganic plant nutrients, nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, silica, and reactive phosphorus were measured in surface and in near-bottom waters at previously established locations in both northern and southern reaches of the bay. Salinity, turbidigy, and concentrations of suspended particulate matter also were measured. Additionally, concentratons of dissolved organic nitrogen and phosphorus were occasionally measured. This report presents the sampling and analytical methods, and the data for these studies. Data on the variability due to sampling and sample handling procedures, on the precision of the analytical methods, and on recoveries of known additions from samples are also presented.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Menlo Park, CA","doi":"10.3133/ofr94471","usgsCitation":"Hager, S.W., 1994, Dissolved nutrient and suspended particulate matter data for the San Francisco Bay estuary, California, October 1991 through November 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-471, v, 53 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94471.","productDescription":"v, 53 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":152615,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0471/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48657,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0471/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.52914428710938,\n 37.408346344484976\n ],\n [\n -122.52914428710938,\n 38.146437584588824\n ],\n [\n -121.71478271484375,\n 38.146437584588824\n ],\n [\n -121.71478271484375,\n 37.408346344484976\n ],\n [\n -122.52914428710938,\n 37.408346344484976\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a261","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hager, Stephen W.","contributorId":48935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hager","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":180471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":20376,"text":"ofr94482 - 1994 - Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Dillingham, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:53","indexId":"ofr94482","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-482","title":"Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Dillingham, Alaska","docAbstract":"The remote city of Dillingham is at the northern end of Bristol Bay in southwestern Alaska. The hydrology of the area is strongly affected by the mild maritime climate and local geologic conditions. Dillingham residents obtain drinking water from both deep and shallow aquifers composed of gravels and sands and separated by layers of clay underlying the community. Alternative sources of drinking water are limited to the development of new wells because surface-water sources are of inadequate quantity or quality or are located at too great a distance from the population. The Federal Aviation Administration owns or operates airway support facilities in Dillingham and wishes to consider the severity of contamination and the current environmental setting when they evaluate options for compliance with environmental regulations at their facilities. This report describes the climate. vegetation, geology, soils, ground-water and surface-water hydrology, and flood potential of the areas surrounding the Federal Aviation Administration facilities near Dillingham.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94482","usgsCitation":"Palcsak, B.B., and Dorava, J.M., 1994, Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Dillingham, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-482, iv, 15 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94482.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":154723,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0482/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49912,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0482/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db68a37f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palcsak, Betty B. bpalcsak@usgs.gov","contributorId":186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palcsak","given":"Betty","email":"bpalcsak@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":182542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorava, Joseph M.","contributorId":87125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorava","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182543,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5144,"text":"fs01694 - 1994 - National Water-Quality Assessment Program: Central Arizona Basins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-05-28T14:02:05","indexId":"fs01694","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"016-94","title":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program: Central Arizona Basins","docAbstract":"

In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began to implement a full-scale National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program. The long-term goals of the NAWQA program are to describe the status and trends in the quality of a large, representative part of the Nation's surface-water and ground-water resources and to provide a sound, scientific understanding of the primary natural and human factors affecting the quality of these resources. In meeting these goals, the program will produce a wealth of water-quality information that will be useful to policymakers and managers at the National, State, and local levels.

\n
\n

Studies of 60 hydrologic systems that include parts of most major river basins and aquifer systems (study-unit investigations) are the building blocks of the national assessment. The 60 study units range in size from 1,000 to about 60,000 mi2 and represent 60 to 70 percent of the Nation's water use and population served by public water supplies. Twenty study-unit investigations were started in 1991, 20 additional studies started in 1994, and 20 more are planned to start in 1997. The Central Arizona Basins study unit began assessment activities in 1994.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs01694","usgsCitation":"Cordy, G.E., 1994, National Water-Quality Assessment Program: Central Arizona Basins: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 016-94, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs01694.","productDescription":"4 p.","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":287690,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":287689,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0016-94/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -113.3,31.0 ], [ -113.3,35.97 ], [ -109.05,35.97 ], [ -109.05,31.0 ], [ -113.3,31.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db69857e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cordy, Gail E.","contributorId":94296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cordy","given":"Gail","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":17742,"text":"ofr94383 - 1994 - Summary of water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Colorado - Fiscal years 1992-93","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-13T20:18:53.72608","indexId":"ofr94383","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-383","title":"Summary of water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Colorado - Fiscal years 1992-93","docAbstract":"

Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Colorado consist of collecting water-resources data and doing interpretive hydrologic investigations. The water-resources data and the results of the investigations are published or released by either the U.S. Geological Survey or by cooperating agencies. Water-resources investigations in Colorado for the 1992-93 fiscal years (October 1,1991, to September 30,1993) are described in this report.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr94383","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994, Summary of water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Colorado - Fiscal years 1992-93: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-383, Report: v, 56 p.; Plate: 27.7 x 22.2 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94383.","productDescription":"Report: v, 56 p.; Plate: 27.7 x 22.2 inches","costCenters":[{"id":225,"text":"Earth Science Information Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":410394,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index 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\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697d76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":529036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":18577,"text":"ofr94362 - 1994 - Methods of analysis and quality-assurance practices of the U.S. Geological Survey organic laboratory, Sacramento, California: Determination of pesticides in water by solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-04-12T14:20:44.14214","indexId":"ofr94362","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-362","title":"Methods of analysis and quality-assurance practices of the U.S. Geological Survey organic laboratory, Sacramento, California: Determination of pesticides in water by solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry","docAbstract":"

Analytical method and quality-assurance practices were developed for a study of the fate and transport of pesticides in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and the Sacramento and San Joaquin River. Water samples were filtered to remove suspended parti- culate matter and pumped through C-8 solid-phase extraction cartridges to extract the pesticides. The cartridges were dried with carbon dioxide, and the pesticides were eluted with three 2-milliliter aliquots of hexane:diethyl ether (1:1). The eluants were analyzed using capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in full-scan mode. Method detection limits for analytes determined per 1,500-milliliter samples ranged from 0.006 to 0.047 microgram per liter. Recoveries ranged from 47 to 89 percent for 12 pesticides in organic-free, Sacramento River and San Joaquin River water samples fortified at 0.05 and 0.26 microgram per liter. The method was modified to improve the pesticide recovery by reducing the sample volume to 1,000 milliliters. Internal standards were added to improve quantitative precision and accuracy. The analysis also was expanded to include a total of 21 pesticides. The method detection limits for 1,000-milliliter samples ranged from 0.022 to 0.129 microgram per liter. Recoveries ranged from 38 to 128 percent for 21 pesticides in organic-free, Sacramento River and San Joaquin River water samples fortified at 0.10 and 0.75 microgram per liter.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr94362","usgsCitation":"Crepeau, K.L., Domagalski, J.L., and Kuivila, K., 1994, Methods of analysis and quality-assurance practices of the U.S. Geological Survey organic laboratory, Sacramento, California: Determination of pesticides in water by solid-phase extraction and capillary-column gas chromatography/mass spectrometry: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-362, iv, 17 p. , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94362.","productDescription":"iv, 17 p. ","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":151865,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0362/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47927,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0362/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Sacramento ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.96746826171875,\n 38.08701320402273\n ],\n [\n -120.97320556640624,\n 38.08701320402273\n ],\n [\n -120.97320556640624,\n 38.935911987561624\n ],\n [\n -121.96746826171875,\n 38.935911987561624\n ],\n [\n -121.96746826171875,\n 38.08701320402273\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a53e4b07f02db62bb4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crepeau, Kathryn L. kcrepeau@usgs.gov","contributorId":3943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crepeau","given":"Kathryn","email":"kcrepeau@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":179372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":179370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kuivila, Kathryn 0000-0001-7940-489X kkuivila@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7940-489X","contributorId":1367,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kuivila","given":"Kathryn ","email":"kkuivila@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":179371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":20651,"text":"ofr92635 - 1994 - Evaluation of methods for delineating areas that contribute water to wells completed in valley-fill aquifers in Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-19T11:30:57","indexId":"ofr92635","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-635","title":"Evaluation of methods for delineating areas that contribute water to wells completed in valley-fill aquifers in Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Valley-fill aquifers in Pennsylvania are the source of drinking water for many wells in the glaciated parts of the State and along major river valleys. These aquifers area subject to contamination because of their shallow water-table depth and highly transmissive sediments. The possibility for contamination of water-supply wells in valley-fill aquifers can be minimized by excluding activities that could contaminate areas that contribute water to supply wells. \r\n\r\n An area that contributes water to a well is identified in this report as either an area of diversion, time-of-travel area, or contributing area. The area of diversion is a projection to land surface of the valley-fill aquifer volume through which water is diverted to a well and the time-of travel area is that fraction of the area of diversion through which water moves to the well in a specified time. The contributing area, the largest of three areas, includes the area of diversion but also incorporates bedrock uplands and other area that contribute water. \r\n\r\n Methods for delineating areas of diversion and contributing areas in valley-fill aquifers, described and compared in order of increasing complexity, include fixed radius, uniform flow, analytical, semianalytical, and numerical modeling. Delineated areas are considered approximations because the hydraulic properties and boundary conditions of the real ground-water system are simplified even in the most complex numerical methods. \r\n\r\n Successful application of any of these methods depends on the investigator's understanding of the hydrologic system in and near the well field, and the limitations of the method. The hydrologic system includes not only the valley-fill aquifer but also the regional surface-water and ground-water flow systems within which the valley is situated. As shown by numerical flow simulations of a well field in the valley-fill aquifer along Marsh Creek Valley near Asaph, Pa., water from upland bedrock sources can provide nearly all the water contributed to the well.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr92635","usgsCitation":"Risser, D.W., and Madden, T.M., 1994, Evaluation of methods for delineating areas that contribute water to wells completed in valley-fill aquifers in Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-635, 82 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr92635.","productDescription":"82 p.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":50178,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0635/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":152405,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0635/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e60fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Risser, Dennis W. 0000-0001-9597-5406 dwrisser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9597-5406","contributorId":898,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Risser","given":"Dennis","email":"dwrisser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":183002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Madden, Thomas M.","contributorId":18403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madden","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":183003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5069,"text":"fs02794 - 1994 - National Water-Quality Assessment Program: the Northern New England Basins study unit","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-04-03T08:40:23","indexId":"fs02794","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"027-94","title":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program: the Northern New England Basins study unit","docAbstract":"

In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. Department of the Interior, began a full-scale National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program. The objectives of the NAWQA program are to describe the present and future water quality of large, representative parts of the United States's surface- and ground-water resources and to identify the primary natural and man-made factors that affect the quality of these resources. The final product of the program will be information that may be used by water-resource policy makers and managers at national, State, and local levels.

\n
\n

The NAWQA program encompasses 60 study units. These units are delineated by hydrologic systems that include parts of most of the Nation's major river basins and aquifer systems. Study units range in size from 1,000 mi2 (square miles) to more than 60,000 mi2 and represent 60 to 70 percent of the Nation's water use and population served by public water supplies. The first group of 20 study-unit investigations began in 1991. A second group of 20 study-unit investigations began in 1994, which includes the Northern New England Basins study unit.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/fs02794","usgsCitation":"Flanagan, S., and Robinson, K.W., 1994, National Water-Quality Assessment Program: the Northern New England Basins study unit: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 027-94, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs02794.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":139720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs02794.jpg"},{"id":285360,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/0027-94/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine;Massachusetts;New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"New England","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72.19,42.4 ], [ -72.19,45.97 ], [ -68.99,45.97 ], [ -68.99,42.4 ], [ -72.19,42.4 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698511","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flanagan, Sarah M.","contributorId":8492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flanagan","given":"Sarah M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":150367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robinson, Keith W. kwrobins@usgs.gov","contributorId":2969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"Keith","email":"kwrobins@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":150366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":19995,"text":"ofr94316 - 1994 - Simulation of the effects of ground-water withdrawals and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":19995,"text":"ofr94316 - 1994 - Simulation of the effects of ground-water withdrawals and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts","indexId":"ofr94316","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"title":"Simulation of the effects of ground-water withdrawals and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2223,"text":"wsp2447 - 1997 - Effects of simulated ground-water pumping and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts","indexId":"wsp2447","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of simulated ground-water pumping and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":2223,"text":"wsp2447 - 1997 - Effects of simulated ground-water pumping and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts","indexId":"wsp2447","publicationYear":"1997","noYear":false,"title":"Effects of simulated ground-water pumping and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts"},"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-06T21:22:42.54828","indexId":"ofr94316","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-316","title":"Simulation of the effects of ground-water withdrawals and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The effects of changing patterns of ground-water pumping and aquifer recharge on the surface-water and ground-water hydrologic systems were determined for the Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island Basins. Three-dimensional, transient, ground-water-flow modelS that simulate both freshwater and saltwater flow were developed for the f1ow cells of Cape Cod which currently have large-capacity public-supply wells. Only the freshwater-flow system was simulated for the Cape Cod flow cells where public-water supply demands are satisfied by small-capacity domestic wells. Two- dimensional, finite-difference, change models were developed for Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket Island to determine the projected drawdowns in response to projected in-season pumping rates for 180 days of no aquifer recharge. Results of the simulations indicate very little change in the position of the freshwater-saltwater interface from predevelopment flow conditions to projected ground-water pumping and recharge rates for Cape Cod in the year 2020. Results of change model simulations for Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket Island indicate that the greatest impact in response to projected in-season ground-water pumping occurs at the pumping centers and the magnitude of the drawdowns are minimal with respect to the total thickness of the aquifers.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr94316","usgsCitation":"Masterson, J., and Barlow, P.M., 1994, Simulation of the effects of ground-water withdrawals and recharge on ground-water flow in Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, and Nantucket Island basins, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-316, Report: vi, 80 p.; 1 Plate: 30.12 x 35.16 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94316.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 80 p.; 1 Plate: 30.12 x 35.16 inches","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":152469,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0316/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":379134,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0316/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":379135,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0316/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod, Martha's Vineyard, Nantucket","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.01837158203125,\n 41.36238012945531\n ],\n [\n -70.56793212890625,\n 41.15384235711447\n ],\n [\n -69.9224853515625,\n 41.151774298444984\n ],\n [\n -69.91424560546874,\n 42.14304156290939\n ],\n [\n -70.762939453125,\n 42.14304156290939\n ],\n [\n -71.01837158203125,\n 41.36238012945531\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac7e4b07f02db67b149","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Masterson, John P. 0000-0003-3202-4413 jpmaster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3202-4413","contributorId":1865,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masterson","given":"John P.","email":"jpmaster@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":181872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barlow, Paul M. 0000-0003-4247-6456 pbarlow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4247-6456","contributorId":1200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barlow","given":"Paul","email":"pbarlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":181871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":20026,"text":"ofr94367 - 1994 - Assessment of the hydrologic interaction between Imikpuk Lake and the adjacent airstrip site near Barrow, Alaska, 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:45","indexId":"ofr94367","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-367","title":"Assessment of the hydrologic interaction between Imikpuk Lake and the adjacent airstrip site near Barrow, Alaska, 1993","docAbstract":"Imikpuk Lake serves as the drinking water source for the Ukpeagvik Inupiat Corporation-National Arctic Research Laboratory (UIC-NARL), formerly known as the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory, near Barrow, Alaska. During the 1970's and 1980's, accidental releases of more than 1,300 cubic meters of various types of fuel occurred at the airstrip site adjacent to the lake. To aid an assessment of the potential risk 10 the quality of water in the lake posed by fuel remaining in the subsurface, the hydrologic interaction between the lake and ground water at the airstrip site was examined. The study area lies within the region of continuous permafrost where hydrologic processes are largely controlled by the short annual thaw season and the presence of near-surface permafrost. Runoff occurs for only a short period each year, typically from early or mid-June to late September, and a shallow ground- water system develops during approximately the same period as a result of shallow thawing of the subsurface. During the spring and summer of 1993, snowpack and surface-water data were collected throughout the Imikpuk Lake basin, and subsurface- flow-system data were collected at the airstrip site. The total annual inflow to the lake was estimated 10 be approximately 300,000 cubic meters per year, based on four methods of estimation. The ground-water flow system at the airstrip site is complex, primarily because of variations in local land-surface topography. Subsurface frost-elevation data indicate that a permafrost ridge exists beneath one of the elevated building pads at the site. Similar ridges beneath elevated roadways at the site may act as impediments to ground-water flow, reducing the flux of subsurface water to Imikpuk Lake. However, on the basis of the assumption that such impediments do not reduce flux substantially, the ground-water flux from the airstrip site was estimated to be approximately 173 cubic meters per year--less than 0.1 percent of the estimated annual inflow to Imikpuk Lake.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94367","usgsCitation":"McCarthy, K.A., Solin, G.L., and Trabant, D., 1994, Assessment of the hydrologic interaction between Imikpuk Lake and the adjacent airstrip site near Barrow, Alaska, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-367, iv, 27 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94367.","productDescription":"iv, 27 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":153135,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0367/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49555,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0367/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abae4b07f02db671ce7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarthy, Kathleen A. mccarthy@usgs.gov","contributorId":1159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"Kathleen","email":"mccarthy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":181925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Solin, Gary L. glsolin@usgs.gov","contributorId":5675,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Solin","given":"Gary","email":"glsolin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":181926,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trabant, Dennis","contributorId":99990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trabant","given":"Dennis","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":181927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":20241,"text":"ofr94525 - 1994 - Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Galena, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:44","indexId":"ofr94525","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-525","title":"Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Galena, Alaska","docAbstract":"The remote Native village of Galena along the Yukon River in west-central Alaska has long cold winters and short summers that affects the hydrology of the area. The Federal Aviation Administration owns or operates airport support facilities in Galena and wishes to consider the subsistence lifestyle of the residents and the quality of the current environment when evaluating options for remediation of environmental contamination at these facilities. Galena is located on the flood plain of the Yukon River and obtains its drinking water from a shallow aquifer located in the thick alluvium underlying the village. Surface spills and disposal of hazardous materials combined with annual flooding of the Yukon River may affect the quality of the ground water. Alternative drinking-water sources are available but at significantly greater cost than existing supplies.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nEarth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94525","usgsCitation":"Nakanishi, A.S., and Dorava, J.M., 1994, Overview of environmental and hydrogeologic conditions at Galena, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-525, 1 v. 172 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94525.","productDescription":"1 v. 172 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":152854,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0525/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":49782,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0525/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db682f37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nakanishi, Allan S.","contributorId":93081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakanishi","given":"Allan","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dorava, Joseph M.","contributorId":87125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorava","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":182309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":19193,"text":"ofr94470 - 1994 - Particulate carbon and nitrogen and suspended particulate matter in the Sacramento River at Rio Vista, California, January 3 - May 26, 1983 and October 31, 1983 - November 29, 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-08T14:13:32","indexId":"ofr94470","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-470","title":"Particulate carbon and nitrogen and suspended particulate matter in the Sacramento River at Rio Vista, California, January 3 - May 26, 1983 and October 31, 1983 - November 29, 1984","docAbstract":"

Particulate matter was collected at Rio Vista, California, in two study periods; the first, from January 3 to May 26, 1983; the second from October 31, 1983 to November 29, 1984. Concentrations of suspended particulate matter were measured gravimetrically on silver membrane filters. The pooled standard deviation on replicated samples was 1.4 mg/L, giving a coefficient of variation of 5.7 percent. Concentrations of particulate carbon and nitrogen were measured during a Perkin-Elmer model 240C elemental analyzer to combust material collected on glass fiber filters. Refrigeration of samples prior to filtration was shown to be a likely influence on precision of duplicate analyses. Median deviations between duplicates for carbon were 5.4 percent during the first study period and 8.9 percent during the second. For nitrogen, median deviations were 4.9 percent and 7.2 percent, respectively. This report presents the data for concentrations of suspended particulate material, the duplicate analyses for particulate carbon and nitrogen, and the volumes of sample filtered for the particulate carbon and nitrogen analyses for both studies. Not all samples collected during the second study have been analyzed for particulate carbon and nitrogen.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Menlo Park, CA","doi":"10.3133/ofr94470","usgsCitation":"Hager, S.W., 1994, Particulate carbon and nitrogen and suspended particulate matter in the Sacramento River at Rio Vista, California, January 3 - May 26, 1983 and October 31, 1983 - November 29, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-470, iv, 35 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94470.","productDescription":"iv, 35 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":152616,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0470/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":48658,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0470/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Solano County","city":"Rio 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Stephen W.","contributorId":48935,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hager","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":510923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5513,"text":"fs04894 - 1994 - National Water-Quality Assessment Program - South-Central Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-16T15:38:49","indexId":"fs04894","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"048-94","title":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program - South-Central Texas","docAbstract":"

In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Department of the Interior, began a National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. The long-term goals of the NAWQA Program are to describe the status of and trends in the quality of a large, representative part of the Nation's surface- and ground-water resources and to identify the major natural and human factors that affect the quality of these resources. In addressing these goals, the program will produce a wealth of water-quality information that will be useful to policymakers and managers at national, State, and local levels.

\n

The NAWQA Program emphasis is on regional water-quality problems. The program will not diminish the need for smaller studies and monitoring presently designed and conducted by Federal, State, and local agencies to meet their individual needs. The NAWQA Program, however, will provide a large-area framework for conducting many of these activities and an understanding about national and regional water-quality conditions that cannot be acquired from individual, local programs and studies.

\n

Studies of 60 hydrologic systems that include parts of most major river basins and aquifer systems (study-unit investigations) are the building blocks of the national assessment. Areas of the 60 study units range in size from less than 1,000 to more than 60,000 square miles (mi2) and represent 60 to 70 percent of the Nation's water use and population served by public water supplies. Twenty study-unit investigations were started in 1991, 20 additional started in 1994, and 20 are planned to start in 1997. Assessment activities in the South-Central Texas study area (see fig.) began in 1994.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"San Antonio, TX","doi":"10.3133/fs04894","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1994, National Water-Quality Assessment Program - South-Central Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 048-94, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs04894.","productDescription":"2 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":117888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/fs_048_94.jpg"},{"id":111,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/FS/Fs94048/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db6986a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":528629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5521,"text":"fs02994 - 1994 - National Water-Quality Assessment Program: The Sacramento River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:40","indexId":"fs02994","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"029-94","title":"National Water-Quality Assessment Program: The Sacramento River Basin","docAbstract":"In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began to implement a full-scale National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program. The long-term goals of the NAWQA program are to describe the status of and trends in the quality of a large, representative part of the Nation's surface- and ground-water resources and to identify the major natural and human factors that affect the quality of those resources. In addressing these goals, the program will provide a wealth of water- quality information that will be useful to policy makers and managers at the national, State, and local levels. \r\n\r\n\r\nA major asset of the NAWQA program is that it will allow for the integration of water-quality information collected at several scales. A major component of the program is the study-unit investigation-the foundation of national- level assessment. The 60 study units of the NAWQA program are hydrologic systems that include parts of most major river basins and aquifer systems of the conterminous United States. These study units cover areas of 1,000 to more than 60,000 square miles and represent 60 to 70 percent of the Nation's water use and population served by public water supplies. Investigations of the first 20 study units began in 1991. In 1994, the Sacramento River Basin was among the second set of 20 NAWQA study units selected for investigation.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/fs02994","usgsCitation":"Domagalski, J.L., and Brown, L.R., 1994, National Water-Quality Assessment Program: The Sacramento River Basin: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 029-94, Map Sheet: 28 x 22 cm, https://doi.org/10.3133/fs02994.","productDescription":"Map Sheet: 28 x 22 cm","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125274,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1994/0029/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":11191,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1994/fs94029/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":32086,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1994/0029/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b00e4b07f02db69813e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Domagalski, Joseph L. 0000-0002-6032-757X joed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6032-757X","contributorId":1330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domagalski","given":"Joseph","email":"joed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":151127,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, Larry R. 0000-0001-6702-4531 lrbrown@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6702-4531","contributorId":1717,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Larry","email":"lrbrown@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":151128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":18092,"text":"ofr94334 - 1994 - Water-quality, lithologic, and water-level data for wells in Tulare Basin, Kings, Kern, and Tulare Counties, California, August 1990 to February 1993","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:15","indexId":"ofr94334","displayToPublicDate":"1995-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1994","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"94-334","title":"Water-quality, lithologic, and water-level data for wells in Tulare Basin, Kings, Kern, and Tulare Counties, California, August 1990 to February 1993","docAbstract":"Much of the Tulare Basin is characterized by saline shallow ground water containing elevated concen- trations of arsenic, selenium, and other trace elements. A comprehensive investigation of ground-water geochemist, and, to a limited extent, hydrology was initiated in response to concerns related to (1) adverse effects on migratory waterfowl of high concentrations of selenium in agricultural drainwater disposed of in evaporation ponds and (2) adverse effects on human health due to potential downward migration of ground water containing high concentrations of arsenic to regional aquifers used as drinking-water sources. This report presents data collected during the initial phase of this investigation. A total of 20 observation wells were installed at 5 locations in the basin. Four observation wells in a cluster were installed at each location at depths of about 20, 50, 100, and 200 feet. Water samples collected from each site were analyzed for major ions, trace elements (including arsenic and selenium), nutrients, and selected isotopes. Lithologic logs and well-construction information for each site and water-level measurements for each well measured periodically from August 1990 to February 1993 also are reported.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey ;\r\nUSGS Earth Science Information Center, Open-File Reports Section [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr94334","usgsCitation":"Beard, S., Fujii, R., and Shanks, W.G., 1994, Water-quality, lithologic, and water-level data for wells in Tulare Basin, Kings, Kern, and Tulare Counties, California, August 1990 to February 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-334, iv, 29 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr94334.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149210,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0334/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":47451,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1994/0334/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e3e4b07f02db5e5399","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beard, Sherrill","contributorId":67098,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"Sherrill","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fujii, Roger rfujii@usgs.gov","contributorId":553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fujii","given":"Roger","email":"rfujii@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":178530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shanks, W. Gary pshanks@usgs.gov","contributorId":61838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shanks","given":"W.","email":"pshanks@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Gary","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":178531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}