Although fish meal has historically been used as the primary source of protein in fish feeds, brewer's dried yeast (BDY) is presently being investigated as a primary replacement for fish meal. As little is known about the ability of fish to utilize BDY, studies were conducted to study bioavailability of intact BDY as well as several fractions derived from the disrupted yeast to rainbow trout.
Dried BDY was fed to rainbow trout and digestibility and energy values were determined. When the yeast cells were fully disrupted, the absorption of nitrogen increased by more than 20% and the metabolizable energy of the yeast by more than 10%. Energy and nitrogen digestibility were further increased after the removal of all wall material and separation of nitrogen into amino acid and nucleic acid fractions. Disruption of the cell wall significantly increased the nutritional value of BDY for salmonid fishes. The findings suggest that further research be conducted on the use and economy of BDY as a primary nitrogen source in fish feeds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0377-8401(91)90059-2","usgsCitation":"Rumsey, G.L., Hughes, S.G., Smith, R.R., Kinsella, J., and Shetty, K.J., 1991, Digestibility and energy values of intact, disrupted and extracts from brewer's dried yeast fed to rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): Animal Feed Science and Technology, v. 33, no. 3-4, p. 185-193, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(91)90059-2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"185","endPage":"193","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132114,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65d692","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rumsey, G. L.","contributorId":80604,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rumsey","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hughes, S. G.","contributorId":92200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, R. R.","contributorId":31699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320660,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kinsella, J.E.","contributorId":8050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kinsella","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320659,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Shetty, K. J.","contributorId":55392,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shetty","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320661,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70182208,"text":"70182208 - 1991 - Growth rate is negatively correlated with hatch date in Black Brant","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-21T11:37:55","indexId":"70182208","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1465,"text":"Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth rate is negatively correlated with hatch date in Black Brant","docAbstract":"Arctic geese nest in a highly seasonal environment in which ungrazed plants reach peak nitrogen concentrations when goslings hatch (Sedinger and Raveling 1986). Grazing by geese prolongs peak nutrient concentrations but reduces food availability. This should cause nutrient availability to decline seasonally. Here, we test the hypothesis that late-hatching goslings of Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) grow more slowly than those hatching early. We substracted the sizes of wild goslings from those of captive-reared goslings of the same age and regressed the differences against hatch date. Differences between wild- and captive-reared goslings for body mass, tarsus length, and culmen length were significantly negatively related to hatch date; i.e., late-hatching wild goslings were smaller than those hatching early, after accounting for age. We detected no between-year difference in gosling size, but male goslings were larger than females of the same age for all measures. Egg size was only weakly associated with size of goslings 1 mo after hatching, but we detected no effect of other brood characteristics on growth. Seasonal variation in gosling growth rate may favor early nesting in arctic geese.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/2937190","usgsCitation":"Sedinger, J.S., and Flint, P.L., 1991, Growth rate is negatively correlated with hatch date in Black Brant: Ecology, v. 72, no. 2, p. 496-502, https://doi.org/10.2307/2937190.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"496","endPage":"502","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335872,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Tutakoke River, Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta","volume":"72","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58ad5ff1e4b01ccd54f8b58b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sedinger, James S.","contributorId":84861,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sedinger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":12742,"text":"University of Nevada Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":669987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Flint, Paul L. 0000-0002-8758-6993 pflint@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-6993","contributorId":3284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flint","given":"Paul","email":"pflint@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1017361,"text":"1017361 - 1991 - Obituary [Fritz W. Went]","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-06T01:01:41","indexId":"1017361","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2639,"text":"Madroño","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Obituary [Fritz W. Went]","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Madroño","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., 1991, Obituary [Fritz W. Went]: Madroño, v. 38, p. 147-147.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"147","numberOfPages":"147","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132510,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"38","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699a45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1017362,"text":"1017362 - 1991 - Winter storm watch","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-07-06T01:01:41","indexId":"1017362","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3381,"text":"Sequoia Bark","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Winter storm watch","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Sequoia Bark","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, N., 1991, Winter storm watch: Sequoia Bark, v. 18, no. 1.","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132511,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e48b3e4b07f02db531e44","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, N.L.","contributorId":17559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1008044,"text":"1008044 - 1991 - SER-91 Standards and monitoring symposium: Progress in wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-16T11:06:04","indexId":"1008044","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3272,"text":"Restoration & Management Notes","onlineIssn":"2573-0762","printIssn":"0733-0707","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SER-91 Standards and monitoring symposium: Progress in wetlands","docAbstract":"Concern about the quality of mitigation wetlands has led to the development of a number of new systems for setting standards and evaluating the results fo wetland restoration projects.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Wisconsin Press","usgsCitation":"Halvorson, W., 1991, SER-91 Standards and monitoring symposium: Progress in wetlands: Restoration & Management Notes, v. 9, no. 2, p. 87-89.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"87","endPage":"89","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132826,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352597,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/43439945"}],"volume":"9","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afee4b07f02db697603","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Halvorson, William L.","contributorId":97194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Halvorson","given":"William L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1008046,"text":"1008046 - 1991 - Seed germination and life history syndromes in the California chaparral","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-17T16:55:44","indexId":"1008046","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1070,"text":"Botanical Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seed germination and life history syndromes in the California chaparral","docAbstract":"Syndromes are life history responses that are correlated to environmental regimes and are shared by a group of species (Stebbins, 1974). In the California chaparral there are two syndromes contrasted by the timing of seedling recruitment relative to wildfires. One syndrome, here called the fire-recruiter or refractory seed syndrome, includes species (both resprouting and non-resprouting) which share the feature that the timing of seedling establishment is specialized to the first rainy season after fire. Included are woody, suffrutescent and annual life forms but no geophytes have this syndrome. These species are linked by the characteristic that their seeds have a dormancy which is readily broken by environmental stimuli such as intense heat shock or chemicals leached from charred wood. Such seeds are referred to as “refractory” and dormancy, in some cases, is due to seed coat impermeability (such seeds are commonly called hardseeded), but in other cases the mechanism is unknown. Seeds of some may require cold stratification and/or light in addition to fire related stimuli. In the absence of fire related cues, a portion or all of a species’ seed pool remains dormant. Most have locally dispersed seeds that persist in the soil seed bank until the site burns. Dispersal of propagules is largely during spring and summer which facilitates the avoidance of flowering and fruiting during the summer and fall drought. Within a life form (e.g., shrub, suffrutescent, etc.), the seeds of these species have less mass than those of species with non-refractory seeds and this possibly reflects the environmental favorableness of the postfire environment for seedling establishment. Regardless of when fire occurs, germination is normally delayed until late winter or early spring. In the absence of fire, or other disturbance, opportunities for population expansion are largely lacking for species with this syndrome.\n\nThe other syndrome, here called the fire-resister or non-refractory seed syndrome, includes species that are resilient to frequent fires (mostly by vegetative resprouting), but require fire-free periods for recruiting new seedlings. Included are shrubs, subshrubs, suffrutescents, lianas, geophytes and annuals. All are linked by the characteristic that their seeds germinate in the absence of cues related to wildfires. In many cases no form of seed dormancy is present and the seeds germinate soon after dispersal; consequently these species do not accumulate a persistent seed bank. Germination and seedling establishment is independent of fire and thus opportunities for population expansion are also independent of fire. The demographic pattern of seedling recruitment varies with the life form. For shrubs, seedling recruitment may be restricted to sites free of fire for periods of a hundred years or more. Recruitment appears to require relatively mesic conditions and this may account for the patchy distribution of these species within the matrix of relatively arid sites. Finding such sites has selected for propagules specialized for wind or animal dispersal; the majority are bird dispersed. These shrub species all disperse fruits in fall and winter and this may have been selected to take advantage of migratory birds as well as to time dispersal to the winter rains typical of the mediterranean-climate. Germination typically occurs within several weeks of the first fall or winter rains. Maturation of flowers and fruits during the summer and fall drought may account for the distribution of these species on more mesic sites. Seed mass of these species is large and this may have been selected to provide an advantage to seedlings establishing under the canopy of this dense shrub community.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Botanical Review","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF02858766","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., 1991, Seed germination and life history syndromes in the California chaparral: Botanical Review, v. 57, p. 81-116, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02858766.","productDescription":"p. 81-116","startPage":"81","endPage":"116","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269510,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02858766"}],"volume":"57","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fba2f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70178006,"text":"70178006 - 1991 - Channel hydraulics and energy expenditure in channel adjustment; Elk Rock Reach, North Fork Toutle River, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-31T16:09:18","indexId":"70178006","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Channel hydraulics and energy expenditure in channel adjustment; Elk Rock Reach, North Fork Toutle River, Washington","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"largerWorkSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"conferenceDate":"1991","language":"English","publisher":"American Geosciences Institute ","publisherLocation":"Bolder, CO","issn":"0016-7592 ","usgsCitation":"Simon, A., 1991, Channel hydraulics and energy expenditure in channel adjustment; Elk Rock Reach, North Fork Toutle River, Washington, v. 23, no. 5, 1991.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"88","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330588,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5818582fe4b0bb36a4c6fa17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simon, Andrew","contributorId":78334,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"Andrew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70178216,"text":"70178216 - 1991 - Contaminated sediments from tributaries of the Great Lakes: Chemical characterization and carcinogenic effects in medaka (Oryzias latipes)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-07T14:32:48","indexId":"70178216","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contaminated sediments from tributaries of the Great Lakes: Chemical characterization and carcinogenic effects in medaka (Oryzias latipes)","docAbstract":"Sediments from four inshore industrial sites and a reference site in the Great Lakes were extracted with organic solvents to produce a crude extract, which was separated on alumina into two fractions: predominantly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; and predominantly nitrogencontaining polycyclic aromatic compounds. Crude extracts were redissolved in acetone and analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The acetone-redissolved crude extracts from the four industrialized sites contained 5.6–313.3 μg total polycyclic aromatic compounds/g sediment and 3.0–36.4 μg other compounds/g sediment. In addition to the typical EPA priority pollutants, a substantial amount (228.7 μg/g sediment) of alkyl-polycyclic-aromatic compounds was detected in sediments from one of the industrialized sites. Extracts from the reference site contained 1.55 μg total polycyclic aromatic compounds/ g sediment. Medaka (Oryzias latipes) were exposed to multiple pulse doses of acetone-redissolved extracts and fractions. Medaka were also exposed to a known carcinogen, methylazoxymethanol acetate, to verify that chemicals produced tumors in the test fish. Acetone-redissolved extracts and fractions from contaminated sediments were toxic to medaka. Fin erosion and non-neoplastic liver abnormalities were more prevalent in medaka after exposure to acetoneredissolved extracts and fractions from contaminated sediments. Neoplasms previously associated with chemical exposure in wild fishes were induced in medaka exposed to acetone-redissolved extracts and fractions from two of the contaminated sites, but not from the reference site or controls. These findings further support the hypothesis that chemical contaminants in sediments are involved in epizootics of neoplasms in wild fishes at contaminated sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01055552","usgsCitation":"Besser, J.M., Schmitt, C.J., Harshbarger, J., Peterman, P.H., and Lebo, J.A., 1991, Contaminated sediments from tributaries of the Great Lakes: Chemical characterization and carcinogenic effects in medaka (Oryzias latipes): Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 21, no. 1, p. 17-34, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01055552.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"17","endPage":"34","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330852,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5821a0dfe4b02f1a881de98c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Besser, John M. 0000-0002-9464-2244 jbesser@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9464-2244","contributorId":2073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Besser","given":"John","email":"jbesser@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schmitt, Christopher J. 0000-0001-6804-2360 cjschmitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6804-2360","contributorId":491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmitt","given":"Christopher","email":"cjschmitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Harshbarger, John C.","contributorId":85928,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harshbarger","given":"John C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterman, Paul H. ppeterman@usgs.gov","contributorId":2872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Paul","email":"ppeterman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":653303,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lebo, Jon A.","contributorId":176696,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lebo","given":"Jon","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653304,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70176684,"text":"70176684 - 1991 - Comment on “Flow and tracer transport in a single fracture: A stochastic model and its relation to some field observations” by L. Moreno et al.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T11:54:49","indexId":"70176684","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comment on “Flow and tracer transport in a single fracture: A stochastic model and its relation to some field observations” by L. Moreno et al.","docAbstract":"Moreno et al. [1988] (hereinafter referred to as MT) used a particle-tracking scheme to investigate the physics of solute movement in a variable-aperture planar fracture. The spatially heterogeneous fluid velocity was assumed to be the only mechanism of solute movement; local or pore scale dispersion and molecular diffusion were assumed to be negligible. The particle-tracking scheme used by MT consisted of routing particles from node to node in a finite difference grid. In this scheme, the direction of an individual particle is randomly selected and the probability associated with the particle movement in a given direction is proportional to the fluid flux in that direction. The same method was used by Desbarats [1990] to investigate advective transport in aquifers composed of two porous media of different hydraulic conductivities.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/90WR02310","usgsCitation":"Goode, D., and Shapiro, A.M., 1991, Comment on “Flow and tracer transport in a single fracture: A stochastic model and its relation to some field observations” by L. Moreno et al.: Water Resources Research, v. 27, no. 1, p. 129-131, https://doi.org/10.1029/90WR02310.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"131","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480422,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/90wr02310","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":329005,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57feb876e4b0824b2d155b11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goode, Daniel J. 0000-0002-8527-2456 djgoode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-2456","contributorId":2433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goode","given":"Daniel J.","email":"djgoode@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":649701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shapiro, Allen M. 0000-0002-6425-9607 ashapiro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6425-9607","contributorId":2164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shapiro","given":"Allen","email":"ashapiro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70179623,"text":"70179623 - 1991 - Monitoring grasshopper and locust habitats in Sahelian Africa using GIS and remote sensing technology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:13:04","indexId":"70179623","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2047,"text":"International Journal of Geographical Information Systems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Monitoring grasshopper and locust habitats in Sahelian Africa using GIS and remote sensing technology","docAbstract":"Development programmes in Sahelian Africa are beginning to use geographic information system (GIS) technology. One of the GIS and remote sensing programmes introduced to the region in the late 1980s was the use of seasonal vegetation maps made from satellite data to support grasshopper and locust control. Following serious outbreaks of these pests in 1987, the programme addressed a critical need, by national and international crop protection organizations, to monitor site-specific dynamic vegetation conditions associated with grasshopper and locust breeding. The primary products used in assessing vegetation conditions were vegetation index (greenness) image maps derived from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration satellite imagery. Vegetation index data were integrated in a GIS with digital cartographic data of individual Sahelian countries. These near-real-time image maps were used regularly in 10 countries for locating potential grasshopper and locust habitats. The programme to monitor vegetation conditions is currently being institutionalized in the Sahel.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/02693799108927836","usgsCitation":"Tappan, G.G., Moore, D.G., and Knauseberger, W.I., 1991, Monitoring grasshopper and locust habitats in Sahelian Africa using GIS and remote sensing technology: International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, v. 5, no. 1, p. 123-135, https://doi.org/10.1080/02693799108927836.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"135","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332954,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"587768f7e4b0315b4c11ff5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tappan, G. Gray 0000-0002-2240-6963 tappan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2240-6963","contributorId":3624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappan","given":"G.","email":"tappan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Gray","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, Donald G.","contributorId":41146,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knauseberger, Walter I.","contributorId":178104,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Knauseberger","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70179842,"text":"70179842 - 1991 - Response of Ned Wilson Lake watershed, Colorado, to changes in atmospheric deposition of sulfate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T12:04:36","indexId":"70179842","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of Ned Wilson Lake watershed, Colorado, to changes in atmospheric deposition of sulfate","docAbstract":"The Ned Wilson Lake watershed responds directly and rapidly to changes in precipitation inputs of sulfate, which has important implications for effects of acid deposition on the aquatic system. Chemistry at three precipitation collection sites and three watershed sites (a pond, a lake, and a spring) has been monitored in and near the Flattops Wilderness Area in northwestern Colorado beginning in 1981–1983. Bulk snowpack concentration of sulfate in the watershed and volume-weighted annual mean concentration of sulfate in precipitation at two nearby sites generally decreased from 1981 to 1985, were small through 1987, and increased in 1988–1989. Changes in concentration of sulfate at the watershed sites are controlled by precipitation inputs. Responsiveness of the individual sites was dependent on their position along the hydrologic flow path. The fastest response was in the pond, which has a hydrologic residence time of less than 1 year; over 90% of the variance in concentration of sulfate in the pond was explained by changes in concentration in precipitation. The lake has a hydrologic residence time of 1 to 4 years; a regression model of the concentration of sulfate in the lake, as a function of the concentration in the lake during the previous year and the concentration in precipitation, explained 87% of the variance in concentration of sulfate in the lake. The hydrologic response time of the spring is unknown; it was not responsive to changes in concentration of sulfate in precipitation. The recent increase of sulfate concentration in precipitation and in the pond and lake is evidence for a rapid rather than a delayed response, which could not be determined when only a decreasing trend in sulfate concentration was reported in 1982–1987. Watersheds of this type are sensitive to acidification (acid-neutralizing capacity less than 60 μeq L−1), and these results indicate conservative behavior of sulfate. This is important in predicting effects of future changes in atmospheric deposition, which could potentially be caused by anthropogenic emissions or climatic change.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/91WR01189","usgsCitation":"Campbell, D.H., Turk, J.T., and Spahr, N.E., 1991, Response of Ned Wilson Lake watershed, Colorado, to changes in atmospheric deposition of sulfate: Water Resources Research, v. 27, no. 8, p. 2047-2060, https://doi.org/10.1029/91WR01189.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2047","endPage":"2060","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333405,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Ned Wilson Lake watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.25,\n 39.91667\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 39.91667\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 40.01667\n ],\n [\n -107.25,\n 40.01667\n ],\n [\n -107.25,\n 39.91667\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58808de2e4b01dfadfff15db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Donald H. dhcampbe@usgs.gov","contributorId":1670,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Donald","email":"dhcampbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":658909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turk, John T.","contributorId":53363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turk","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spahr, Norman E. nspahr@usgs.gov","contributorId":1977,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spahr","given":"Norman","email":"nspahr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":658911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":42074,"text":"ofr9232 - 1991 - Altitude of the water table in the Biscayne aquifer, Dade County, Florida, April 25-28, 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-03T21:45:27.394647","indexId":"ofr9232","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-32","title":"Altitude of the water table in the Biscayne aquifer, Dade County, Florida, April 25-28, 1988","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr9232","usgsCitation":"Lietz, A., 1991, Altitude of the water table in the Biscayne aquifer, Dade County, Florida, April 25-28, 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-32, 1 Plate: 35.00 x 43.00 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr9232.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 35.00 x 43.00 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":135353,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":416690,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_18198.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":21429,"rank":2,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1992/0032/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Dade County","otherGeospatial":"Biscayne aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.875,\n 26.075\n ],\n [\n -80.875,\n 25.017\n ],\n [\n -80.125,\n 25.017\n ],\n [\n -80.125,\n 26.075\n ],\n [\n -80.875,\n 26.075\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adce4b07f02db6869f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lietz, A.C.","contributorId":40957,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lietz","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":225908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016839,"text":"70016839 - 1991 - An analysis of a seismic reflection from the base of a gas hydrate zone, offshore Peru","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-19T17:24:44.430323","indexId":"70016839","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An analysis of a seismic reflection from the base of a gas hydrate zone, offshore Peru","docAbstract":"Seismic reflection data recorded near ODP Site 688, offshore Peru, exhibit a persistent bottom-simulating reflector (BSR) from a depth corresponding to the theoretical base of the gas hydrate stability field. Although gas hydrate has been recovered in cores from scientific drilling in both the Pacific and the Atlantic, drilling in areas exhibiting a BSR has usually been avoided because of the perceived risk of releasing free gas trapped beneath the hydrated sediments. To carry out a quantitative analysis of the BSR, the seismic data were reprocessed using signature deconvolution and true amplitude recovery techniques. Synthetic seismograms that were created using acoustic parameters extracted from the seismic data and physical properties from Site 688 borehole measurement were compared to the observed seismic data to estimate the thickness of the free-gas zone. Results indicate the BSR is discontinuous laterally. Where the BSR is of high amplitude, free gas in a zone 5.5-17 m thick beneath the hydrated sediments provides the observed waveform; where the BSR amplitude is low, the free-gas zone is much thinner than 5.5 m or is entirely absent.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/0C9B288F-1710-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Miller, J.J., Lee, M.W., and von Huene, R.E., 1991, An analysis of a seismic reflection from the base of a gas hydrate zone, offshore Peru: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 75, no. 5, p. 910-924, https://doi.org/10.1306/0C9B288F-1710-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"910","endPage":"924","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225082,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Peru","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75,\n -16\n ],\n [\n -75,\n -4\n ],\n [\n -82.5,\n -4\n ],\n [\n -82.5,\n -16\n ],\n [\n -75,\n -16\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"75","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e9eee4b0c8380cd48533","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, J. J.","contributorId":54588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374632,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, Myung W.","contributorId":84358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Myung","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"von Huene, Roland E. 0000-0003-1301-3866 rvonhuene@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1301-3866","contributorId":191070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Huene","given":"Roland","email":"rvonhuene@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":7065,"text":"USGS emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":374633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70180752,"text":"70180752 - 1991 - Temperature-dependent maximum daily consumption of juvenile salmonids by northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) from the Columbia River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-02T11:38:44","indexId":"70180752","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temperature-dependent maximum daily consumption of juvenile salmonids by northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) from the Columbia River","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press ","doi":"10.1139/f91-290","usgsCitation":"Vigg, S., and Burley, C.C., 1991, Temperature-dependent maximum daily consumption of juvenile salmonids by northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) from the Columbia River: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 48, no. 12, p. 2491-2498, https://doi.org/10.1139/f91-290.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"2491","endPage":"2498","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334599,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58945334e4b0fa1e59b867f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vigg, Steven","contributorId":179032,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vigg","given":"Steven","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burley, Craig C.","contributorId":179019,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burley","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70180746,"text":"70180746 - 1991 - System-wide significance of predation on juvenile salmonids in the Columbia and Snake River reservoirs. Annual report 1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-02T10:58:49","indexId":"70180746","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"System-wide significance of predation on juvenile salmonids in the Columbia and Snake River reservoirs. Annual report 1990","docAbstract":"Abstract not available
","language":"English","publisher":"Bonneville Power Administration","publisherLocation":" Portland, OR","usgsCitation":"Petersen, J., Jepsen, D., Nelle, R., Shively, R., Tabor, R., and Poe, T., 1991, System-wide significance of predation on juvenile salmonids in the Columbia and Snake River reservoirs. Annual report 1990.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334587,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58945335e4b0fa1e59b86801","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Petersen, J.H.","contributorId":72154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jepsen, D.B.","contributorId":179027,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jepsen","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nelle, R.D.","contributorId":179028,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelle","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Shively, R.S.","contributorId":79642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shively","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tabor, R.A.","contributorId":17044,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tabor","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Poe, T.P.","contributorId":51687,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poe","given":"T.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70185801,"text":"70185801 - 1991 - Downstream effects of mine effluent on an intermontane riparian system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-04-10T08:53:56","indexId":"70185801","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1169,"text":"Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Downstream effects of mine effluent on an intermontane riparian system","docAbstract":"Metal concentrations were determined in benthic biota, fish livers, water, and fine-grained sediment through 215 km of an intermontane river system (Blackfoot River, Montana, USA) affected by headwater inputs of acid-mine effluent. Solute and particulate contaminants decreased rapidly downstream from headwater sources, but some extended through an extensive marsh system. Particulate contaminants penetrated through the marsh system, effectively resulting in food web contamination downstream of the marshes. Metals differed in their bioavailability within and below the marsh system. Cadmium was most consistently accumulated in the food web, and the general order of downstream mobilization of bioavailable metals appears to be Cd, Zn > Cu > As, Ni. Depauperate benthic communities and reduced fish populations occurred coincident with the sediment contamination.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/f91-030","usgsCitation":"Moore, J.N., Luoma, S.N., and Peters, D., 1991, Downstream effects of mine effluent on an intermontane riparian system: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 48, no. 2, p. 222-232, https://doi.org/10.1139/f91-030.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"222","endPage":"232","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338557,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc81fe4b02ff32c685734","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, Johnnie N.","contributorId":102532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Johnnie","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luoma, Samuel N. 0000-0001-5443-5091 snluoma@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-5091","contributorId":2287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"Samuel","email":"snluoma@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peters, Donald","contributorId":190006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":47740,"text":"wri914094 - 1991 - Potentiometric surface of the Aquia aquifer in southern Maryland, September 1989","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-18T18:27:49.503481","indexId":"wri914094","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"91-4094","title":"Potentiometric surface of the Aquia aquifer in southern Maryland, September 1989","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri914094","usgsCitation":"Mack, F., Curtin, S.E., Andreasen, D., and Wheeler, J.C., 1991, Potentiometric surface of the Aquia aquifer in southern Maryland, September 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4094, 1 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri914094.","productDescription":"1 p.","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":415927,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_47507.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":84654,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4094/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124188,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1991/4094/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Aquia aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.9167,\n 39.0833\n ],\n [\n -76.9167,\n 38.1667\n ],\n [\n -76.1667,\n 38.1667\n ],\n [\n -76.1667,\n 39.0833\n ],\n [\n -76.9167,\n 39.0833\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad4e4b07f02db683098","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mack, Frederick K.","contributorId":95858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Frederick K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Curtin, Stephen E. securtin@usgs.gov","contributorId":3703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Curtin","given":"Stephen","email":"securtin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":236131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andreasen, David C.","contributorId":59003,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Andreasen","given":"David C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wheeler, Judith C.","contributorId":13620,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wheeler","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":236132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70196068,"text":"70196068 - 1991 - Book review: The future of Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-15T14:17:46","indexId":"70196068","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":814,"text":"Antarctic Science","onlineIssn":"1365-2079","printIssn":"0954-1020","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Book review: The future of Antarctica","title":"Book review: The future of Antarctica","docAbstract":"A conference on Antarctica: an Exploitable Resource too Valuable to Develop? took place at the Sir Robert Menzies Centre for Australian studies at the University of London in either late 1989 or early 1990. The papers were compiled into this small book (only 104 pages of text exclusive of useful appendices containing maps, texts of the Antarctic treaty and the Convention on the regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activity [CRAMRA]) which addresses the hottest issues confronting the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties in the early 1990’s. Some of the discussion is being overtaken by events, but fortunately, the general quality and broadness of the coverage will make the book useful to diplomats, historians, international lawyers, scientists and other environmentalists for some time to come.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0954102091220544","usgsCitation":"Behrendt, J.C., 1991, Book review: The future of Antarctica: Antarctic Science, v. 3, no. 4, p. 452-452, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954102091220544.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"452","endPage":"452","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352570,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Antarctica","volume":"3","issue":"4","publicComments":"A review of: The future of Antarctica, Grahame Cook (ed), Manchester University Press, Manchester (1990), 168 pages. ISBN 0-7190-3449-3.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2004-05-14","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5aff2a5de4b0da30c1bfd7e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Behrendt, John C. jbehrendt@usgs.gov","contributorId":25945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Behrendt","given":"John","email":"jbehrendt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":213,"text":"Crustal Imaging and Characterization Team","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":731195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015077,"text":"70015077 - 1991 - Louisiana coastal GIS network: Graphical user interface for access to spatial data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-06T14:48:50","indexId":"70015077","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Louisiana coastal GIS network: Graphical user interface for access to spatial data","docAbstract":"Louisiana's coastal wetlands support a large percentage of the nation's seafood and fur industries, vast deposits of oil and natural gas, habitat for thousands of species of plants and animals, winter nesting grounds and migratory paths for numerous waterfowl, and many recreational resources enjoyed by residents and tourists. Louisiana's wetlands also have the highest rates of coastal erosion and wetland loss in the nation. While numerous studies across many disciplines have been conducted on both local and regional scales, no complete inventory exists for this information. The Louisiana Coastal Geographic Information System Network (LCGISN) is currently being developed to facilitate access to existing data for coastal zone planners, managers, and researchers. The Louisiana Geological Survey (LGS), in cooperation with the LSU Department of Geography and Anthropology, the Computer Aided Design and Geographic Information Systems Research Laboratory (CADGIS), and others, is pursuing this project under the terms of a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey. LCGISN is an automated system for searching and retrieving geographic, cartographic, and bibliographic data. By linking original programming with an existing GIS software package and an industry standard relational database management system, LCGISN will provide the capability for users to search for data references by interactively defining the area of interest on a displayed map/image reference background. Several agencies will be networked to provide easy access to a wide variety of information. LCGISN, with its headquarters at LGS, will serve as the central node on the network, providing data format conversions, projection and datum transformations, and storage of several of the most commonly used data sets. Thematic mapper data, USGS 7.5-minute quadrangle map boundaries, political and legal boundaries, major transportation routes, and other digital data will provide a base map to aid the user in selecting the exact area of interest. Then, the user will set search criteria by proceeding through a series of menu-driven options. The system will then return any or all of the following: a list of digital maps or imagery that can be displayed immediately and visually overlayed, a list of maps/remotely sensed data and information on their availability, and a list of bibliographic references concerning the area and subject defined.","largerWorkTitle":"GIS/LIS 1991 Proceedings","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of GIS/LIS '91","conferenceDate":"28 October 1991 through 1 November 1991","conferenceLocation":"Atlanta, GA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASPRS","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD, United States","isbn":"0944426751","usgsCitation":"Hiland, M., McBride, R., Davis, D., Braud, D., Streiffer, H., Jones, F., Lewis, A., and Williams, S., 1991, Louisiana coastal GIS network: Graphical user interface for access to spatial data, in GIS/LIS 1991 Proceedings, v. 2, Atlanta, GA, USA, 28 October 1991 through 1 November 1991, p. 845-856.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"845","endPage":"856","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223579,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.4501953125,\n 29.03215782622282\n ],\n [\n -88.39599609375,\n 29.03215782622282\n ],\n [\n -88.39599609375,\n 30.453409130203596\n ],\n [\n -91.4501953125,\n 30.453409130203596\n ],\n [\n -91.4501953125,\n 29.03215782622282\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a49ece4b0c8380cd689ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hiland, Matteson","contributorId":101390,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hiland","given":"Matteson","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McBride, Randolph A.","contributorId":48711,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McBride","given":"Randolph A.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":370000,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, Donald","contributorId":90471,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"Donald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Braud, Dewitt","contributorId":66853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Braud","given":"Dewitt","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Streiffer, Henry","contributorId":105057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Streiffer","given":"Henry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jones, Farrell","contributorId":105860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Farrell","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Lewis, Anthony","contributorId":67221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Anthony","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Williams, S.","contributorId":18514,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":44805,"text":"wri904183 - 1991 - Louisiana ground-water map no. 3: Potentiometric surface, 1989, and water-level changes, 1980-89, of the Sparta aquifer in north-central Louisiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-17T18:52:42.256941","indexId":"wri904183","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4183","title":"Louisiana ground-water map no. 3: Potentiometric surface, 1989, and water-level changes, 1980-89, of the Sparta aquifer in north-central Louisiana","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri904183","usgsCitation":"Smoot, C.W., and Seanor, R.C., 1991, Louisiana ground-water map no. 3: Potentiometric surface, 1989, and water-level changes, 1980-89, of the Sparta aquifer in north-central Louisiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4183, Report: 1 p.; 2 Plates: 26.90 x 25.12 inches and 26.82 x 25.24 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904183.","productDescription":"Report: 1 p.; 2 Plates: 26.90 x 25.12 inches and 26.82 x 25.24 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":258730,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4183/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":258729,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4183/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258728,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4183/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258727,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4183/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":415857,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49243.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Sparta aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.7756,\n 33.0203\n ],\n [\n -93.7756,\n 31.7989\n ],\n [\n -91.6433,\n 31.7989\n ],\n [\n -91.6433,\n 33.0203\n ],\n [\n -93.7756,\n 33.0203\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db64455f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smoot, Charles W.","contributorId":88398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seanor, Ronald C. 0000-0001-5735-5580 rcseanor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5735-5580","contributorId":3731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seanor","given":"Ronald","email":"rcseanor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":230468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016498,"text":"70016498 - 1991 - Release of 226Ra from uranium mill tailings by microbial Fe(III) reduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-21T13:13:02.502797","indexId":"70016498","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Release of 226Ra from uranium mill tailings by microbial Fe(III) reduction","docAbstract":"Uranium mill tailings were anaerobically incubated in the presence of H2 with Alteromonas putrefaciens, a bacterium known to couple the oxidation of H2 and organic compounds to the reduction of Fe(III) oxides. There was a direct correlation between the extent of Fe(III) reduction and the accumulation of dissolved226Ra. In sterile tailings in which Fe(III) was not reduced, there was negligible leaching of226Ra. The behavior of Ba was similar to that of Ra in inoculated and sterile systems. These results demonstrate that under anaerobic conditions, microbial reduction of Fe(III) may result in the release of dissolved226Ra from uranium mill tailings.
The Coastal Plain of the eastern United States is a low-latitude, low-altitude, low-relief terrain composed primarily of gently dipping marine and marginal-marine sediments that range in age from Cretaceous to Quaternary. Population density of the area is moderate, and most of the population is concentrated along the coast. Inland of the coast, agriculture, including growing trees for pulp, is the dominant economy. In this region, soils have developed along two different pathways. One pathway is dominated by the dissolution and movement of oxyhydroxides and the accumulation of organic matter; the other by the accumulation of clays and oxyhydroxyides and the adsorption or oxidation of organic matter. The first pathway has resulted in the formation of Spodosols; the second, in the development of Ultisols. No clearly distinguishable age trends have been identified in the Spodosols, but the properties of Ultisols can be measured to quantify surface material alteration through time. Ultisols are, therefore, suited to order-of-magnitude chronostratigraphic interpretations. Potentially, data derived through the study of Ultisols can be used to develop models that predict how surface processes will change due to continued weathering and pedogenesis or as the result of climate change.
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