Habitat heterogeneity and corresponding diversity in potential prey species should increase the diet breadth of generalist predators. Many previous studies describing puma Puma concolor diets in the arid regions of the southwestern United States were focused within largely xeric locations, overlooking the influence of heterogeneity created by riparian forests. Such habitat heterogeneity and corresponding prey diversity could influence prey availability and puma diet composition. We examined seasonal prey composition of pumas occupying areas with different habitat conditions representing riparian areas adjacent to the Rio Grande and xeric Chihuahuan Desert uplands in southern New Mexico. We collected prey composition data from 686 kill sites made by 17 (9 males and 8 females) GPS-collared pumas from 2014 to 2018. Diet composition included 32 different avian, aquatic, small mammal, and ungulate prey species. Prey composition varied, with more ungulate prey consumed by pumas inhabiting the upland desert areas and more aquatic prey consumed in the riparian bosque. Prey composition differed between seasons, with ungulate prey decreasing and aquatic prey increasing during the hot–dry season. Prey composition also varied between puma sex and habitat with females in the desert uplands consuming more small mammals than either males or females in riparian areas. The diverse diets of the pumas inhabiting the heterogeneous landscapes in southern New Mexico provide additional evidence that pumas have broad diets that are strongly influenced by the habitat and prey community that their home range encompasses.
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III 0000-0003-4743-516X jwcain@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4743-516X","contributorId":4063,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"James","suffix":"III","email":"jwcain@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70225761,"text":"70225761 - 2021 - Land management strategies influence soil organic carbon stocks of prairie potholes of North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-10T13:44:12.062972","indexId":"70225761","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-15T07:40:51","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"14","title":"Land management strategies influence soil organic carbon stocks of prairie potholes of North America","docAbstract":"Soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks of Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) wetlands in the central plains of Canada and the United States are highly variable due to natural variation in biota, soils, climate, hydrology, and topography. Land-use history (cropland, grassland) and land-management practices (drainage, restoration) also affect SOC stocks. We conducted a region-wide assessment of wetland SOC stocks using data from the Canadian and US portions of the PPR under various management types. Natural wetlands with no disturbance history in the wetland basin or surrounding catchment had considerably greater average SOC stocks in the upper (0–15 cm) soil profile than wetlands surrounded by cropland. Hydrologically restored wetlands did not show significantly greater SOC stocks than drained wetlands, but wetlands surrounded by restored grasslands did have greater SOC stocks in the upper soil profile than those surrounded by croplands. Similarities among cropped and restored wetlands likely were due to insufficient time since restoration, as well as high variability attributable to several environmental factors within the region. We conclude that avoided loss of natural wetlands from drainage and avoided loss of native grasslands from cropping have the most benefit for preserving wetland SOC stocks. Robust PPR SOC models that incorporate multiple abiotic, biotic, and land-use factors are required to determine where and when restoration is most effective for SOC sequestration.
Despite contributing to healthy diets for billions of people, aquatic foods are often undervalued as a nutritional solution because their diversity is often reduced to the protein and energy value of a single food type (‘seafood’ or ‘fish’)1,2,3,4. Here we create a cohesive model that unites terrestrial foods with nearly 3,000 taxa of aquatic foods to understand the future impact of aquatic foods on human nutrition. We project two plausible futures to 2030: a baseline scenario with moderate growth in aquatic animal-source food (AASF) production, and a high-production scenario with a 15-million-tonne increased supply of AASFs over the business-as-usual scenario in 2030, driven largely by investment and innovation in aquaculture production. By comparing changes in AASF consumption between the scenarios, we elucidate geographic and demographic vulnerabilities and estimate health impacts from diet-related causes. Globally, we find that a high-production scenario will decrease AASF prices by 26% and increase their consumption, thereby reducing the consumption of red and processed meats that can lead to diet-related non-communicable diseases5,6 while also preventing approximately 166 million cases of inadequate micronutrient intake. This finding provides a broad evidentiary basis for policy makers and development stakeholders to capitalize on the potential of aquatic foods to reduce food and nutrition insecurity and tackle malnutrition in all its forms.
Mercury (Hg), a potent neurotoxic element, can biomagnify through food webs once converted into methylmercury (MeHg). Some studies have found that selenium (Se) exposure may reduce MeHg bioaccumulation and toxicity, though this pattern is not universal. Se itself can also be toxic at elevated levels. We experimentally manipulated the relative concentrations of dietary MeHg and Se (as selenomethionine [SeMet]) for an aquatic grazer (the mayfly, Neocloeon triangulifer) and its food source (diatoms). Under low MeHg treatment (0.2 ng/L), diatoms exhibited a quadratic pattern, with decreasing diatom MeHg concentration up to 2.0 μg Se/L and increasing MeHg accumulation at higher SeMet concentrations. Under high MeHg treatment (2 ng/L), SeMet concentrations had no effect on diatom MeHg concentrations. Mayfly MeHg concentrations and biomagnification factors (concentration of MeHg in mayflies: concentration of MeHg in diatoms) declined with SeMet addition only in the high MeHg treatment. Mayfly MeHg biomagnification factors decreased from 5.3 to 3.3 in the high MeHg treatment, while the biomagnification factor was constant with an average of 4.9 in the low MeHg treatment. The benefit of reduced MeHg biomagnification was offset by non-lethal effects and high mortality associated with ‘protective’ levels of SeMet exposure. Mayfly larvae escape behavior (i.e., startle response) was greatly reduced at early exposure days. Larvae took nearly twice as long to metamorphose to adults at high Se concentrations. The minimum number of days to mayfly emergence did not differ by SeMet exposure, with an average of 13 days. We measured an LC50SeMet for mayflies of 3.9 μg Se/L, with complete mortality at concentrations ≥6.0 μg Se/L. High reproductive mortality occurred at elevated SeMet exposures, with only 0–18% emergence at ≥4.12 μg Se/L. Collectively, our results suggest that while there is some evidence that Se can reduce MeHg accumulation at the base of the food web at specific exposure levels of SeMet and MeHg, Se is also toxic to mayflies and could lead to negative effects that extend across ecosystem boundaries.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117293","usgsCitation":"Gerson, J.R., Consbrock, R.A., Eagles-Smith, C., Bernhardt, E., and Walters, D., 2021, Lethal impacts of selenium counterbalance the potential reduction in mercury bioaccumulation for freshwater organisms☆: Environmental Pollution, v. 287, 117293, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117293.","productDescription":"117293, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122663","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450454,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117293","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9WFOU5L","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Survival, growth, behavior and mercury concentrations of mayflies exposed to elevated dietary methylmercury and aqueous selenium"},{"id":408878,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"287","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gerson, Jacqueline R.","contributorId":198378,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerson","given":"Jacqueline","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":5082,"text":"Syracuse University","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":27331,"text":"Duke University, Durham, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856131,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Consbrock, Rebecca A. 0000-0002-5748-7046 rconsbrock@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5748-7046","contributorId":3095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Consbrock","given":"Rebecca","email":"rconsbrock@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856132,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":221745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856133,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bernhardt, Emily S.","contributorId":92143,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bernhardt","given":"Emily S.","affiliations":[{"id":27331,"text":"Duke University, Durham, NC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":856134,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Walters, David 0000-0002-4237-2158","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4237-2158","contributorId":205921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":856135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70226152,"text":"70226152 - 2021 - Fitting jet noise similarity spectra to volcano infrasound data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-15T12:22:12.969498","indexId":"70226152","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-15T06:20:28","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5026,"text":"Earth and Space Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fitting jet noise similarity spectra to volcano infrasound data","docAbstract":"Infrasound (low-frequency acoustic waves) has proven useful to detect and characterize subaerial volcanic activity, but understanding the infrasonic source during sustained eruptions is still an area of active research. Preliminary comparison between acoustic eruption spectra and the jet noise similarity spectra suggests that volcanoes can produce an infrasonic form of jet noise from turbulence. The jet noise similarity spectra, empirically derived from audible laboratory jets, consist of two noise sources: large-scale turbulence (LST) and fine-scale turbulence (FST). We fit the similarity spectra quantitatively to eruptions of Mount St. Helens in 2005, Tungurahua in 2006, and Kīlauea in 2018 using nonlinear least squares fitting. By fitting over a wide infrasonic frequency band (0.05–10 Hz) and restricting the peak frequency above 0.15 Hz, we observe a better fit during times of eruption versus non-eruptive background noise. Fitting smaller overlapping frequency bands highlights changes in the fit of LST and FST spectra, which aligns with observed changes in eruption dynamics. Our results indicate that future quantitative spectral fitting of eruption data will help identify changes in eruption source parameters such as velocity, jet diameter, and ash content which are critical for effective hazard monitoring and response.
Scavengers likely play an important role in ecosystem energy flow as well as disease transmission, but whether they facilitate or reduce disease transmission is often unknown. In the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, scavengers are likely to reduce the transmission and subsequent spread of brucellosis within and between livestock and elk by consuming infectious abortion materials, thereby removing the infectious agent from the landscape. We used remote cameras to monitor the time to removal of simulated abortion materials by scavengers at 264 sites from February to June in 2017 and 2018 and assessed the effects of habitat and land management on time to removal in southwest Montana. Time to removal of fetal materials decreased in grassland habitats (
We conducted triaxial friction tests at hydrothermal conditions (25°C–350°C) on gouges of peridotite and its principal mineral constituents olivine and orthopyroxene. Pore-fluid chemistry was varied by the use of peridotite, granite, or quartzite driving blocks (representing wall rock) housing the gouge layer. Samples sheared at slow rates initially strengthen to a peak value, and then weaken toward a residual strength. The transition is accompanied by a change from velocity-weakening to velocity-strengthening behavior marked by a series of small stress drops. The extent of weakening varies with the ultramafic mineralogy and with the chemical environment established by the driving block lithology. The strengths of olivine and olivine-rich peridotite gouges decrease substantially (to μ ∼ 0.25–0.30), and that of orthopyroxene to a lesser extent, at temperatures ≥200°C when sheared between crustal driving blocks. Less weakening is observed in the peridotite-block experiments; the minimum strength of the peridotite gouges (μ ∼ 0.5) occurs at 250°C, the temperature at which olivine hydration rates are near their maximum in ultramafic rocks. The strength reductions in all experiments are attributed to solution-transfer (pressure solution) processes that come to predominate over cataclastic mechanisms during shear. The lower pH of fluids in contact with silica-saturated crustal rocks enhances the weakening of olivine-rich gouges. In these short-duration experiments, secondary phyllosilicate mineral growth was of a limited extent and varied with gouge and wall-rock mineralogy and with temperature. Over geologic time spans, however, the alteration assemblages will assume an increasingly important role in fault-zone behavior.
The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens in Washington State unleashed one of the largest debris avalanches (landslide) in recorded history. The debris avalanche deposited 3.3 billion cubic yards of material into the upper North Fork Toutle River watershed and obstructed the Columbia River shipping channel downstream. From the eruption on May 18, 1980, to September 30, 2018, the Toutle River transported a total of about 405 million tons of sediment into the lower Cowlitz River—enough to bury downtown Portland, Oregon, to a depth of 300 feet. Excluding the massive sediment load from the eruption itself, from October 1, 1980, to September 30, 2018, the Toutle River transported more than 248 million tons of sediment, or an average of 6.5 million tons per year.
Increased flood risk to downstream communities is managed by a sediment retention structure, grade building structures, berms, levees, and dredging. Near-real-time monitoring of streamflow and sediment yield is important for effective management of these dynamic mitigation efforts. Since the sediment retention structure began trapping sediment in November 1987, the Toutle River has transported on average 2.8 million tons of sediment per year into the lower Cowlitz River. This is still 10 times greater than pre-eruption levels, with higher sediment transport potentially approaching 50 to 100 times greater during storms. Despite the eruption lasting only a few hours, the socioeconomic effects and mitigation measures for the region continue into the 21st century.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20213004","usgsCitation":"Uhrich, M.A., Spicer, K.R., Mosbrucker, A.R., Saunders, D.R., and Christianson, T.S., 2021, A 40-year story of river sediment at Mount St. Helens: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2021–3004, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213004.","productDescription":"Report: 6 p.; Additional Resources","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-114867","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":390437,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3004/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":390438,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3004/fs20213004.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":390439,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3004/fs20213004_resources.pdf","text":"Additional resources","size":"300 KB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Mount St. Helens","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.3876953125,\n 46.132266708957125\n ],\n [\n -121.87957763671876,\n 46.132266708957125\n ],\n [\n -121.87957763671876,\n 46.36588370484979\n ],\n [\n -122.3876953125,\n 46.36588370484979\n ],\n [\n -122.3876953125,\n 46.132266708957125\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Volcano Science Center
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Scientists collect fleas (Siphonaptera) to survey for Yersinia pestis, the bacterial agent of plague. When studying fleas parasitizing prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.), two primary methods are used: (1) combing fleas from live-trapped prairie dogs and (2) swabbing fleas from burrows with cloth swabs attached to metal cables. Ideally, burrow swabbing, the cheaper and easier method, would explain flea burdens on prairie dogs and provide reliable information on plague prevalence. In a linear regression analysis of data from 1-month intervals (June–August 2010–2011) on 13 colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus, BTPDs) in New Mexico, flea abundance on swabs explained 0–26% of variation in BTPD flea burdens. In an analysis of data (May–August 2016) from six colonies of BTPDs in Montana, flea abundance on swabs explained 2% of variation in BTPD flea burdens. In an analysis of data from a short-term interval (July 23–27, 2019) on four colonies of BTPDs in Montana, flea abundance on swabs explained 0.1% of variation in BTPD flea burdens. In an analysis of data from 1-week intervals (August–October 2000) on four colonies of white-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys leucurus, WTPD) in Utah, swabbing data explained 0.1% of variation in WTPD flea burdens. Pools of fleas from two WTPD colonies were tested for Y. pestis by mouse inoculation and isolation; 65% from WTPDs tested positive, whereas 4% from burrows tested positive. Data herein also show that results from burrow swabbing can misrepresent flea species composition and phenology on prairie dogs. Burrow swabbing is useful for some purposes, but limitations should be acknowledged, and accumulated data should be interpreted with caution.
","language":"English","publisher":"Mary Ann Liebert Inc.","doi":"10.1089/vbz.2021.0025","usgsCitation":"Eads, D.A., Matchett, M.R., Poje, J., and Biggins, D.E., 2021, Comparison of flea sampling methods and Yersinia pestis detection on prairie dog colonies: Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, v. 21, no. 10, p. 753-761, https://doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2021.0025.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"753","endPage":"761","ipdsId":"IP-125380","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9AFVPEJ","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Mean flea counts from prairie dogs and their burrows in Utah (2000), New Mexico (2010-2012), and Montana (2016, 2019)"},{"id":396357,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana, New Mexico, 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\"}}]}","volume":"21","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eads, David A. 0000-0002-4247-017X deads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4247-017X","contributorId":173639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eads","given":"David","email":"deads@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":835688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matchett, Marc R.","contributorId":193409,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matchett","given":"Marc","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":835689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poje, Julia","contributorId":248780,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poje","given":"Julia","affiliations":[{"id":13562,"text":"University of Wisconsin, Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70225705,"text":"70225705 - 2021 - Contribution of deep-sourced carbon from hydrocarbon seeps to sedimentary organic carbon: Evidence from radiocarbon and stable isotope geochemistry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-04T13:17:43.899219","indexId":"70225705","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-13T08:10:42","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Contribution of deep-sourced carbon from hydrocarbon seeps to sedimentary organic carbon: Evidence from radiocarbon and stable isotope geochemistry","docAbstract":"Sulfate-driven anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) limits the release of methane from marine sediments and promotes the formation of carbonates close to the seafloor in seepage areas along continental margins. It has been established that hydrocarbon seeps are a source of methane, dissolved inorganic carbon, and dissolved organic carbon to marine environments. However, questions remain about the contribution of deep-sourced carbon from hydrocarbon seeps to the sedimentary organic carbon pool. In this study, we analyzed carbon quantity, radiocarbon content (as percent modern carbon, pMC), stable carbon isotopic compositions (as δ13C) of organic matter enclosed within seep carbonates from the Gulf of Mexico and the South China Sea to assess if sediment organic matter may be used as a proxy for methane seepage intensity. The δ13C values of organic matter (δ13Corg) exhibited a large range from −81.4‰ to −23.9‰. Radiocarbon contents of the carbonate-bound organic matter in seep carbonates ranged from 6% to 28% pMC, suggesting organic matter of the carbonates is a mixture of marine particulate organic matter (δ13C = −22‰ VPDB and 90% modern carbon) and biomass resulting from methane oxidation (assumed to have 0% modern carbon). Assuming constant productivity in the marine photic zone, it is proposed that seepage intensity and duration are the most important factors controlling the contribution of methane-derived carbon to the sedimentary column. This study reinforces the potential for using δ13C values of organic carbon to discern methane-rich environments in ancient sedimentary environments where authigenic carbonate is not present and to constrain the record of AOM through Earth history.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120572","usgsCitation":"Feng, D., Pohlman, J., Peckmann, J., Sun, Y., Hu, Y., Roberts, H., and Chen, D., 2021, Contribution of deep-sourced carbon from hydrocarbon seeps to sedimentary organic carbon: Evidence from radiocarbon and stable isotope geochemistry: Chemical Geology, v. 585, 120572, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120572.","productDescription":"120572, 8 p.","ipdsId":"IP-128798","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450464,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120572","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":391379,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"585","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feng, Dong","contributorId":268310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feng","given":"Dong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pohlman, John 0000-0002-3563-4586","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3563-4586","contributorId":220804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pohlman","given":"John","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Peckmann, Jorn","contributorId":268294,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peckmann","given":"Jorn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55613,"text":"Institute for Geology, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Universität Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sun, Yuedong","contributorId":268295,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sun","given":"Yuedong","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55616,"text":"Key Laboratory of Ocean and Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hu, Yu","contributorId":268311,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hu","given":"Yu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826349,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Roberts, Harry","contributorId":268296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"Harry","affiliations":[{"id":55617,"text":"Coastal Studies Institute, College of the Coastal and Environment, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826350,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Chen, Duofu","contributorId":268297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Duofu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55618,"text":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hadal Science and Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70227294,"text":"70227294 - 2021 - Developing climate resilience in aridlands using rock detention structures as green infrastructure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T12:46:30.447993","indexId":"70227294","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-13T06:40:28","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3504,"text":"Sustainability","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing climate resilience in aridlands using rock detention structures as green infrastructure","docAbstract":"Rano Raraku, the crater lake constrained by basaltic tuff that served as the primary quarry used to construct the moai statues on Rapa Nui (Easter Island), has experienced fluctuations in lake level over the past centuries. As one of the only freshwater sources on the island, understanding the present and past geochemical characteristics of the lake water is critical to understand if the lake could have been a viable freshwater source for Rapa Nui. At the time of sampling in September 2017, the maximum lake depth was ~1 m. The lake level has substantially declined in the subsequent years, with the lake drying almost completely in January 2018. The lake is currently characterized by highly anoxic conditions, with a predominance of ammonium ions on nitrates, a high concentration of organic carbon in the water-sediment interface and reducing conditions of the lake, as evidenced by Mn/Fe and Cr/V ratios. Our estimates of past salinity inferred from the chloride mass balance indicates that it was unlikely that Rano Raraku provided a viable freshwater source for early Rapa Nui people. The installation of an outlet pipe around 1950 that was active until the late 1970s, as well as grazing of horses on the lake margins appear to have significantly impacted the geochemical conditions of Rano Raraku sediments and lake water in recent decades. Such impacts are distinct from natural environmental changes and highlight the need to consider the sensitivity of the lake geochemistry to human activities.
Biodiversity projections with uncertainty estimates under different climate, land-use, and policy scenarios are essential to setting and achieving international targets to mitigate biodiversity loss. Evaluating and improving biodiversity predictions to better inform policy decisions remains a central conservation goal and challenge. A comprehensive strategy to evaluate and reduce uncertainty of model outputs against observed measurements and multiple models would help to produce more robust biodiversity predictions. We propose an approach that integrates biodiversity models and emerging remote sensing and in-situ data streams to evaluate and reduce uncertainty with the goal of improving policy-relevant biodiversity predictions. In this article, we describe a multivariate approach to directly and indirectly evaluate and constrain model uncertainty, demonstrate a proof of concept of this approach, embed the concept within the broader context of model evaluation and scenario analysis for conservation policy, and highlight lessons from other modeling communities.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/biosci/biab094","usgsCitation":"Myers, B., Weiskopf, S.R., Shiklomanov, A.N., Ferrier, S., Weng, E., Casey, K.A., Harfoot, M., Jackson, S., Leidner, A.K., Lenton, T.M., Luikart, G., Matsuda, H., Pettorelli, N., Rosa, I.M., Ruane, A.C., Senay, G.B., Serbin, S.P., Tittensor, D.P., and Beard, 2021, A new approach to evaluate and reduce uncertainty of model-based biodiversity projections for conservation policy formulation: BioScience, v. 71, no. 12, p. 1261-1273, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biab094.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1261","endPage":"1273","ipdsId":"IP-101564","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository 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Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":825623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shiklomanov, Alexey N. 0000-0003-4022-5979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4022-5979","contributorId":245541,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shiklomanov","given":"Alexey","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":49218,"text":"Boston University Department of Earth and Environment","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":825626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ferrier, Simon 0000-0001-7884-2388","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7884-2388","contributorId":245542,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferrier","given":"Simon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49219,"text":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":825625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Weng, Ensheng 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Biological Science, UM","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":825633,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Matsuda, Hiroyuki 0000-0003-3580-8483","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3580-8483","contributorId":245547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matsuda","given":"Hiroyuki","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":49222,"text":"Yokohama National University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":825634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Pettorelli, Nathalie","contributorId":197006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pettorelli","given":"Nathalie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":825635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Rosa, Isabel M. D. 0000-0001-8257-1963","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8257-1963","contributorId":245544,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rosa","given":"Isabel","email":"","middleInitial":"M. 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The streams that enter these lakes begin in or near JBMDL where sources of PFAS contamination are located. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force Civil Engineer Center, performed a study of the hydrogeology and the gaining or losing conditions associated with these lakes.
Hydrogeologic characteristics in the vicinity of both lakes were assessed using qualitative vertical hydraulic profiling of the subsurface. Groundwater was pumped from test intervals at various depths below land surface, then groundwater levels were measured until they recovered to static conditions. Low permeability aquifer intervals were identified within the aquifer underlying both lakes, consistent with silty and (or) clayey subunits of the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system indicated on geophysical and lithologic logs.
Gaining or losing conditions between groundwater and lake surface water were assessed with continuous monitoring of water levels and temperature in the lakes and in three piezometers per lake screened at different depths in the underlying aquifer from August 2020 through May 2021. At Little Pine Lake, surface water levels were consistently lower than groundwater levels, which is indicative of a gaining condition with groundwater flowing into the lake. Gaining conditions also support the lack of diurnal temperature fluctuations observed in groundwater, but poor response of surface-water temperature prevents complete analysis. The potential for losing conditions at other locations around Little Pine Lake necessitates further assessment in regard to possible PFAS contamination of groundwater in the underlying aquifer. Temperature results were inconclusive at Pine Lake, but surface water levels were consistently higher than groundwater levels throughout the monitoring period, which indicates a losing condition with lake water flowing into the underlying aquifer. Because of the downward vertical hydraulic gradient identified at Pine Lake, there is a strong possibility that PFAS in the lake water has also contaminated groundwater in its vicinity.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215107","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force","usgsCitation":"Fiore, A.R., Witzigman, C.M., and Reiser, R.G., 2021, Hydrogeology and gain/loss assessment of two lakes contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, vicinity of Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, New Jersey, 2020–21: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5107, 24 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20215107.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 24 p.; Database: 2","numberOfPages":"24","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-129804","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":390423,"rank":7,"type":{"id":39,"text":"HTML Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/sir20215107/full","text":"Report","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":390422,"rank":6,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5107/sir20215107.XML"},{"id":390421,"rank":5,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5107/images/"},{"id":390416,"rank":4,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7X63KT0","text":"USGS GeoLog locator database"},{"id":390415,"rank":3,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://www13.state.nj.us/DataMiner","text":"DEP DataMiner database"},{"id":390414,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5107/sir20215107.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.32 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021-5107"},{"id":390413,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5107/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.68505859374999,\n 39.93711893299023\n ],\n [\n -74.2023468017578,\n 39.93711893299023\n ],\n [\n -74.2023468017578,\n 40.111688665595956\n ],\n [\n -74.68505859374999,\n 40.111688665595956\n ],\n [\n -74.68505859374999,\n 39.93711893299023\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, New Jersey Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
3450 Princeton Pike, Suite 110
Lawrenceville, NJ 08648
Imaging spectroscopy (hyperspectral imaging) data have mainly been used to map surface materials covering relatively small areas from airborne sensors over the past 20+ years. As part of the U.S. Geological Survey Integrated hyperspectral, geophysical and geochemical studies of Yellowstone National Park hydrothermal systems project, we have collected multiscale imaging spectrometer data including borehole core, field, and airborne data. These data give us the unique opportunity to map subsurface and surface alteration of shallow epithermal systems at scales ranging from microns to meters per pixel. Airborne Visible and Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS), Corescan HCI-3, HySpex VNIR-1800 and SWIR-384 imaging spectrometers, and a Riegl VZ-2000i terrestrial lidar system were used in this study. Maps utilizing spectral analysis of multiscale hyperspectral data indicate the presence of mineral assemblages consistent with epithermal deposits. Minerals such as alunite, hydrated silica, and kaolinite typically form in steam-heated cap systems and can be found in core and AVIRIS data. At depth, higher temperature fluids that are less acidic produce mixed-layer kaolinite with clay/muscovite and then montmorillonite and muscovite towards the bottom of the borehole. This transition can be seen in AVIRIS and field data at the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone and in borehole Corescan data at Y-12 Norris-Ii R874. Instrument specifications, collection parameters, and setup for data acquisition will be discussed as well as mapping software and preliminary results.
","largerWorkTitle":"2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) Proceedings","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS47720.2021.9553654","usgsCitation":"Hoefen, T.M., Kokaly, R.F., Keith Eric Livo, Meyer, J.M., and Holloway, J.M., 2021, Multiscale hyperspectral imaging of hydrothermal alteration in Yellowstone National Park, USA, in 2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) Proceedings, p. 132-135, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS47720.2021.9553654.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"132","endPage":"135","ipdsId":"IP-130036","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":408493,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.11572265625,\n 44.13885576756881\n ],\n [\n -109.8,\n 44.13885576756881\n ],\n [\n -109.8,\n 45.108423337694084\n ],\n [\n -111.11572265625,\n 45.108423337694084\n ],\n [\n -111.11572265625,\n 44.13885576756881\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoefen, Todd M. 0000-0002-3083-5987 thoefen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3083-5987","contributorId":403,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoefen","given":"Todd","email":"thoefen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":854933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kokaly, Raymond F. 0000-0003-0276-7101","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0276-7101","contributorId":205165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kokaly","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5078,"text":"Southwest Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":854934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keith Eric Livo 0000-0001-7331-8130","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7331-8130","contributorId":298035,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keith Eric Livo","affiliations":[{"id":7065,"text":"USGS emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":854935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Meyer, John Michael 0000-0003-2810-9414","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2810-9414","contributorId":298036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meyer","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":64484,"text":"Colorado School of Mines, USGS Intern","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":854936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Holloway, JoAnn M. 0000-0003-3603-7668","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3603-7668","contributorId":201855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holloway","given":"JoAnn","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":387,"text":"Mineral Resources Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":854937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70228366,"text":"70228366 - 2021 - Persistent nitrate in alpine waters with changing atmospheric deposition and warming trends","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T16:06:27.086928","indexId":"70228366","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-12T09:57:05","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5925,"text":"Environmental Science and Technology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Persistent nitrate in alpine waters with changing atmospheric deposition and warming trends","docAbstract":"Nitrate concentrations in high-elevation lakes of the Colorado Front Range remain elevated despite declining trends in atmospherically deposited nitrate since 2000. The current source of this elevated nitrate in surface waters remains elusive, given shifts in additional nitrogen sources via glacial inputs and atmospheric ammonium deposition. We present the complete isotopic composition of nitrate (δ15N, δ18O, and Δ17O) from a suite of nitrate-bearing source waters collected during the summers of 2017–2018 from two alpine ecosystems to constrain the provenance of elevated nitrate in surface waters during the summer open-water season. The results indicate a consistent contribution of uncycled atmospheric nitrate throughout the summer (13–23%) to alpine lakes, despite seasonal changes in source water inputs. The balance of nitrate (as high as 87% in late summer) is likely from nitrate production within the catchment via nitrification of reduced nitrogen sources (e.g., thawed soil organic matter and ammonium deposition) and released with rock glacier meltwater. The role of microbially produced nitrate has become increasingly important over time based on historical surface water samples from the mid-90s to present, a trend coincident with increasing ammonium deposition to alpine systems.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society Publications","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.1c02515","usgsCitation":"Clark, S.C., Barnes, R.T., Oleksy, I.A., Baron, J., and Hastings, M.G., 2021, Persistent nitrate in alpine waters with changing atmospheric deposition and warming trends: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 55, no. 21, p. 14946-14956, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c02515.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"14946","endPage":"14956","ipdsId":"IP-119356","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395671,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"Front Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.7049560546875,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -105.3204345703125,\n 40\n ],\n [\n -105.3204345703125,\n 40.50126945841645\n ],\n [\n -105.7049560546875,\n 40.50126945841645\n ],\n [\n -105.7049560546875,\n 40\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"55","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Sydney C.","contributorId":275307,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"Sydney","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":16929,"text":"Brown University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnes, Rebecca T.","contributorId":173578,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnes","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":27249,"text":"NSF EAR Postdoctoral Fellow","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833973,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Oleksy, Isabella A.","contributorId":222908,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oleksy","given":"Isabella","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":833974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baron, Jill S. 0000-0002-5902-6251","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":215101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":833975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hastings, Meredith G.","contributorId":194136,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hastings","given":"Meredith","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":833976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70269698,"text":"70269698 - 2021 - Integrating satellite thermal imagery and global weather datasets for operational actual evapotranspiration mapping and drought early warning applications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-01T13:59:56.951292","indexId":"70269698","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-12T08:55:52","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Integrating satellite thermal imagery and global weather datasets for operational actual evapotranspiration mapping and drought early warning applications","docAbstract":"The development and online access to an operational global actual evapotranspiration (ETa) is described. The global ETa is generated using the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model with inputs from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature and gridded weather datasets. Global and regional ETa, as well as anomaly graphics and data, are posted at https://earlywarning.usgs.gov/fews at dekadal, monthly, and annual aggregation periods at 1 km spatial resolution since 2003. As part of the convergence of evidence, the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) consults these products along with precipitation- and vegetation-derived products for drought monitoring and early warning applications to avert food insecurity crises around the world.
","conferenceTitle":"2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS","conferenceDate":"July 11-16, 2021","conferenceLocation":"Brussels, Belgium","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS47720.2021.9553963","usgsCitation":"Senay, G.B., Bohms, S., Young, C., Holen, C.L., Mcelhone, M., Budde, M., and Rowland, J., 2021, Integrating satellite thermal imagery and global weather datasets for operational actual evapotranspiration mapping and drought early warning applications, 2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS, v. 2021, Brussels, Belgium, July 11-16, 2021, p. 1769-1772, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS47720.2021.9553963.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1769","endPage":"1772","ipdsId":"IP-126214","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":493338,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2021","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Senay, Gabriel B. 0000-0002-8810-8539 senay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8539","contributorId":3114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senay","given":"Gabriel","email":"senay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bohms, Stefanie 0000-0002-2979-4655 sbohms@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2979-4655","contributorId":3148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohms","given":"Stefanie","email":"sbohms@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944470,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Young, Claudia 0000-0002-0859-7206 claudia.young.ctr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0859-7206","contributorId":192363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Young","given":"Claudia","email":"claudia.young.ctr@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944471,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Holen, Cheryl L. 0000-0003-2200-809X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2200-809X","contributorId":358915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holen","given":"Cheryl","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mcelhone, Maxwell Thomas 0000-0002-3473-733X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3473-733X","contributorId":358918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mcelhone","given":"Maxwell Thomas","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Budde, Michael 0000-0002-9098-2751 mbudde@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9098-2751","contributorId":166756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Budde","given":"Michael","email":"mbudde@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rowland, James 0000-0003-4837-3511 rowland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4837-3511","contributorId":145846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowland","given":"James","email":"rowland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":944475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70270573,"text":"70270573 - 2021 - USGS CEOS analysis ready data for land achievements and future plans","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-20T14:55:12.018563","indexId":"70270573","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-12T08:40:17","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"USGS CEOS analysis ready data for land achievements and future plans","docAbstract":"The efforts of the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) to bring CEOS Analysis Ready Data for Land (CARD4L) products to countries and international organizations quickly and easily continues to receive important support from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). As part of its engagement with CARD4L, the USGS worked to address specific Threshold and Target Product Family Specification (PFS) requirements for its Landsat Collection 2 Level-2 science products and in July 2020, received formal CEOS endorsement for 100 percent CARD4L-compliance at the Threshold level for Collection 2 surface reflectance and surface temperature. This endorsement ensures these products meet a level of interoperability with data from other Earth-observing platforms, such as Europe's Sentinel-2 satellites, as the European Space Agency also works toward CARD4L-compliant products. In addition to the Collection 2 Level-2 land surface data products, the USGS recognizes Landsat's potential to make a valuable contribution to aquatic science and environmental monitoring capabilities for aquatic ecosystems, especially in coastal and inland waters. Working with subject matter experts, the USGS has been coordinating an international agency effort to establish a new CARD4L PFS for aquatic reflectance to be considered for CEOS endorsement in 2021.
","conferenceTitle":"2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS","conferenceDate":"July 11-16, 2021","conferenceLocation":"Brussels, Blegium","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/IGARSS47720.2021.9554440","usgsCitation":"Barnes, C., Siqueira, A., and Labahn, S., 2021, USGS CEOS analysis ready data for land achievements and future plans, 2021 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium IGARSS, Brussels, Blegium, July 11-16, 2021, p. 1785-1788, https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS47720.2021.9554440.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1785","endPage":"1788","ipdsId":"IP-129380","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":494346,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barnes, Christopher","contributorId":359950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnes","given":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":68993,"text":"KBR Inc., Contractor to the USGS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946557,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Siqueira, Andreia","contributorId":359951,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Siqueira","given":"Andreia","affiliations":[{"id":35920,"text":"Geoscience Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":946558,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Labahn, Steven T. 0000-0002-9258-2890 labahn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9258-2890","contributorId":3994,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Labahn","given":"Steven T.","email":"labahn@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":946559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70225752,"text":"70225752 - 2021 - A comprehensive statewide spatiotemporal stream assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in an agricultural region of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-10T13:37:00.433918","indexId":"70225752","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-12T07:34:17","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5022,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology Letters","onlineIssn":"2328-8930","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comprehensive statewide spatiotemporal stream assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in an agricultural region of the United States","docAbstract":"Public concern regarding per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has grown substantially in recent years. In addition, research has documented multiple potential agriculture-related release pathways for PFAS (e.g., biosolids and livestock manure). Nevertheless, little research on the environmental prevalence of PFAS has been conducted in agricultural regions of the United States. To fill this gap, we conducted the first statewide spatiotemporal assessment of PFAS in Iowa streams across a region of intense agricultural activity. At least one PFAS was detected at 19 of the 60 stream sites sampled (32%) with 10 different PFAS detected statewide. The number of PFAS detected in the stream samples ranged from one to nine. While PFAS were detected in agricultural streams, sites with the most PFAS detected and in the highest concentration were small, effluent-affected streams where wastewater treatment plant discharge is driving stream PFAS concentrations. No individual PFAS had an exposure:activity ratio (EAR) of >1.0 (exposure concentration shown to trigger observed adverse biological activity). Five stream locations, however, had at least one EAR of >0.001, a precautionary effect screening threshold. Additional targeted temporal sampling would be beneficial to specifically capture potential agricultural source applications and corresponding runoff conditions to fully characterize the prevalence of PFAS in such agricultural systems.
Estuaries represent critical aquatic habitat that connects surface water distributed between Earth’s landmasses and oceans. They are dynamic transitional ecosystems, which provide important habitat for fishes and other aquatic organisms. Effective conservation of species inhabiting estuaries requires knowledge of the habitat features that drive their abundance and distribution. We sought to elucidate how stationary (i.e., wetlands, shoals, and channels) and dynamic (i.e., salinity, temperature, turbidity, and chlorophyll concentration) habitat features interact to drive distributions of individual fish species. The Pacific coast of the conterminous United States has over 400 estuaries of various types. The largest (historical surface area) is San Francisco Estuary, California. We conducted extensive field observations of fishes in the central San Francisco Estuary among stationary habitat types (i.e., wetland, shoal, and channel) over a 19-month period encompassing substantial variability in dynamic water quality conditions. Most of the species observed, especially native species of special management interest, were associated with tidal wetland habitat. Few species exhibited associations with water quality conditions driven by seasonal (temperature) or a combination of broad- and fine-scale ecosystem processes (salinity and turbidity). Our study provides (1) an empirical demonstration of how researchers can deal with the complex and dynamic expressions of habitat in estuarine systems to address urgent natural resource problems and (2) a clear demonstration of the urgent need for habitat restoration and its likely outcome in systems such as San Francisco Estuary. Restoration of suitable tidal wetland habitat on the West Coast of the United States is likely to be an effective conservation tool to support estuarine fishes given that over 90% of historical tidal wetland habitat in San Francisco Estuary and 85% of vegetated wetland habitat along the Pacific coast of the United States has been lost due to human modification.
We show that for some foragers the form that a functional response takes depends on the temporal and spatial scales considered. In representing the consumption rate of an organism, it may be necessary to use a hierarchy of functional responses. Consider, for example, a wading bird foraging in wetland landscape characterized by a spatial distribution of potential foraging sites, such as ponds. At the smallest time scale of minutes or hours, during which a wading bird is foraging within a single site, the functional response will reflect the local density of prey, as well as features of the site that affect the feeding rate, such as water depth. At this short time scale, which is determined by the giving up time of the wading bird in a particular site, prey density may be relatively constant. The food intake from a particular pond is then the product of the time spent before giving-up time and moving to another site and the rate of prey consumption at that site. A prey-centered functional response is most appropriate for describing the prey consumption rate. We propose that over the longer time scale of a day, during which a wading bird may visit several foraging sites, the type of functional response can be considered to be patch centered. That is, it is influenced by the spatial configuration of sites with available prey and the wading bird’s strategy of choosing among different sites and decisions on how long to stay in any given sites. Over the time scale of a day, if the prey densities stay relatively constant, the patch-centered functional response for a constant environment is adequate. However, on the longer time scale of a breeding season, in which changing water levels result in temporal changes in the availability of prey in sites, a third hierarchical level may be relevant. At that scale, the way in which the landscape pattern changes through time, and how the wading bird responds, influences the functional response. This hierarchical concept applies to a colony of breeding wading birds foraging in wetlands such as the Everglades.
Adult “silver-phase” American Eels Anguilla rostrata were a focus of commercial fisheries in the 1970s and 1980s, but stocks have been depleted due to many anthropogenic factors. One significant source of mortality occurs during the downstream migration of eels when passing through turbines at hydroelectric facilities. We sought to construct a model to predict eel migration timing to inform optimization of mitigation actions that might reduce mortality. We utilized commercial catch collected from 16 tributaries in the Penobscot River watershed, Maine (2–10 years), and the Delaware River, New York (31 years). A Bayesian hierarchical approach was used to model the relationship between the timing of silver eel capture and environmental conditions that are known to be related to their movements (i.e., river discharge, water temperature, and lunar cycle). Among river systems, daily catch was associated with higher-than-average flows, temperatures of 7–22°C, and new lunar phase cycles. A cross-validation approach to evaluate the ability of the models to make predictions for new data demonstrated a greater ability (higher R2 values) to predict weekly eel catch (0.01–0.92) compared to daily eel catch (0.00–0.42). In addition, we examined the model’s ability to forecast migration events by applying posterior simulations to make predictions of eel catch by ordinal date. Predicted daily eel catch generally followed the trend of observed daily catch and was stronger for the Delaware River (R2 = 0.67) than for Souadabscook Stream, Maine (R2 = 0.07). Sharp pulses in observed catch were not reflected by the predicted catch. Additionally, variability observed among rivers suggests that site-specific modeling may be advantageous (and necessary) to capture local conditions, thereby improving predictive power. More broadly, our work highlights a novel use of fishery-dependent data in a Bayesian modeling framework to predict intervals of risk for migrating fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1002/mcf2.10182","usgsCitation":"Weaver, D., Sigourney, D., Delucia, M., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2021, Characterizing downstream migration timing of American Eels using commercial catch data in the Penobscot and Delaware rivers: Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science, v. 13, no. 5, p. 534-547, https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10182.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"534","endPage":"547","ipdsId":"IP-119530","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":481100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mcf2.10182","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":480929,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine, New York","otherGeospatial":"Delaware River, Penobscot 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\"}}]}","volume":"13","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weaver, Daniel M.","contributorId":349624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weaver","given":"Daniel M.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924524,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sigourney, Douglas B.","contributorId":349625,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sigourney","given":"Douglas B.","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delucia, Mari-Beth","contributorId":349627,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Delucia","given":"Mari-Beth","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":924526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":924523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70227295,"text":"70227295 - 2021 - Data services in ocean science with a focus on the biology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-07T15:00:16.589133","indexId":"70227295","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-11T08:55:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"2","title":"Data services in ocean science with a focus on the biology","docAbstract":"Biological ocean science has a long history; it goes back millennia, whereas the related data services have emerged in the recent digital era of the past decades. To understand where we come from—and why data services are so important—we will start by taking you back to the rise in the study of marine biology—marine biodiversity—and its key players, before immersing ourselves in the data life cycle, past and present joint global initiatives, and systems that allow(ed) scientists to more easily access biological data, online services through some simple keyboard strokes, and the many challenges we still encounter on a daily basis when dealing with these types of data.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ocean science data: Collection, management, networking and services","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-823427-3.00006-2","usgsCitation":"Beja, J., Vandepitte, L., Benson, A., Van de Putte, A., Lear, D., De Pooter, D., Moncoiffe, G., Nicholls, J., Wambiji, N., Miloslavich, P., and Gerovasileiou, V., 2021, Data services in ocean science with a focus on the biology, chap. 2 of Ocean science data: Collection, management, networking and services, p. 67-129, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823427-3.00006-2.","productDescription":"63 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"129","ipdsId":"IP-129691","costCenters":[{"id":38128,"text":"Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450483,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/337813","text":"External Repository"},{"id":394020,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beja, Joana","contributorId":270998,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beja","given":"Joana","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56245,"text":"Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vandepitte, Leen","contributorId":270999,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vandepitte","given":"Leen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56245,"text":"Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benson, Abigail 0000-0002-4391-107X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4391-107X","contributorId":202078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Abigail","affiliations":[{"id":208,"text":"Core Science Analytics and Synthesis","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":830339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Van de Putte, Anton","contributorId":271000,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van de Putte","given":"Anton","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56246,"text":"Royal Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Lear, Dan","contributorId":270562,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lear","given":"Dan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":830341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"De Pooter, Daphnis","contributorId":271001,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"De Pooter","given":"Daphnis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56247,"text":"Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR)","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Moncoiffe, Gwenaelle","contributorId":271002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moncoiffe","given":"Gwenaelle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56248,"text":"British Oceanographic Data Centre, National Oceanography Centre","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Nicholls, John","contributorId":271003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nicholls","given":"John","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56249,"text":"Norfish Project, Centre for Environmental Humanities, Trinity College Dublin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Wambiji, Nina","contributorId":271004,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wambiji","given":"Nina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40920,"text":"Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Miloslavich, Patricia","contributorId":206627,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miloslavich","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37357,"text":"University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Gerovasileiou, Vasilis","contributorId":271005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerovasileiou","given":"Vasilis","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56250,"text":"Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture (IMBBC),","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":830347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70229483,"text":"70229483 - 2021 - Growth inhibition of the harmful alga Prymnesium parvum by plant-derived products and identification of ellipticine as highly potent allelochemical","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-09T14:57:53.290178","indexId":"70229483","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-11T08:54:51","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2170,"text":"Journal of Applied Phycology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Growth inhibition of the harmful alga Prymnesium parvum by plant-derived products and identification of ellipticine as highly potent allelochemical","title":"Growth inhibition of the harmful alga Prymnesium parvum by plant-derived products and identification of ellipticine as highly potent allelochemical","docAbstract":"Prymnesium parvum is a toxin-producing harmful alga that has caused ecological and economic damage worldwide. Effective methods to control blooms of this species in the field, however, are unavailable. This study examined five natural compounds present in the invasive plant Arundo donax and one synthetic derivative (5,6-dichlorogramine) for their effect on P. parvum growth. All compounds except one inhibited growth in the following order of potency: ellipticine > > 5,6-dichlorogramine > 1 H-indole = 2,4,6-trimethyl-benzonitrile > gramine. Ellipticine was by far the most potent inhibitor, with full algicidal activity at concentrations as low as 0.04 mg L−1 and 3- and 9-day IC50 values of 0.012 and 0.007 mg L−1, respectively. A reduction in chlorophyll content and swimming activity and an increase in length and volume (swelling) were documented in algal cells exposed to 0.01–0.02 mg ellipticine L−1. These results show that ellipticine is among the most potent natural algicides identified to date. The sixth compound tested, oleamide, unexpectedly stimulated algal growth above control levels. Overall, these observations confirm the existence of highly potent anti-P. parvum allelochemicals in giant reed and demonstrate potential for using products derived from this plant in the development of natural, environmentally friendly methods to control harmful algal blooms.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s10811-021-02545-6","usgsCitation":"Mary, M., Rashel, R.H., and Patino, R., 2021, Growth inhibition of the harmful alga Prymnesium parvum by plant-derived products and identification of ellipticine as highly potent allelochemical: Journal of Applied Phycology, v. 33, p. 3853-3860, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-021-02545-6.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"3853","endPage":"3860","ipdsId":"IP-126020","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":396906,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mary, Mousumi","contributorId":288252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mary","given":"Mousumi","affiliations":[{"id":36331,"text":"Texas Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rashel, R. H.","contributorId":286960,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rashel","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":36331,"text":"Texas Tech University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":837588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Patino, Reynaldo 0000-0002-4831-8400 r.patino@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-8400","contributorId":2311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patino","given":"Reynaldo","email":"r.patino@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":837589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70225746,"text":"70225746 - 2021 - Earthquake magnitude distributions on northern Caribbean faults from combinatorial optimization models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-09T14:33:40.970249","indexId":"70225746","displayToPublicDate":"2021-10-11T08:25:18","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7501,"text":"JGR Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake magnitude distributions on northern Caribbean faults from combinatorial optimization models","docAbstract":"On-fault earthquake magnitude distributions are calculated for northern Caribbean faults using estimates of fault slip and regional seismicity parameters. Integer programming, a combinatorial optimization method, is used to determine the optimal spatial arrangement of earthquakes sampled from a truncated Gutenberg-Richter distribution that minimizes the global misfit in slip rates on a complex fault system. Slip rates and their uncertainty on major faults are derived from a previously published GPS block model for the region, with fault traces determined from offshore geophysical mapping and previously published onshore studies. The optimal spatial arrangement of the sampled earthquakes is compared with the 500-year history of earthquake observations. Rupture segmentation of the subduction interface along the Hispaniola-Puerto Rico Trench (PRT) fault and seismic coupling on the PRT fault appear to exert the primary control over this spatial arrangement. Introducing a rupture barrier for the Hispaniola-PRT fault northwest of Mona Passage, based on geophysical and seismicity observations, and assigning a low slip rate of 2 mm/yr on the PRT fault are most consistent with historical earthquakes in the region. The addition of low slip-rate secondary faults as well as segmentation of the Hispaniola and Septentrional strike-slip fault improves the consistency with historical seismicity. An important observation from the modeling is that varying the slip rate on the PRT fault and different segmentation scenarios result in significant changes to the optimal magnitude distribution on faults farther away. In general, optimal on-fault magnitude distributions are more complex and inter-dependent than is typically assumed in probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis.