{"pageNumber":"4362","pageRowStart":"109025","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165871,"records":[{"id":70015234,"text":"70015234 - 1987 - Early diagenesis of organic matter in a Sawgrass peat from the Everglades, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-23T12:07:28.49921","indexId":"70015234","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early diagenesis of organic matter in a Sawgrass peat from the Everglades, Florida","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>The transformation of plant biopolymers to humic substances in peats during early diagenesis is a critical but poorly understood step in the formation of coal. This paper presents results concerning the structural interrelationships among various fractions of the organic matter in peat and the dissolved organic matter in the pore water from a site in The Everglades, relying primarily on elemental analysis and<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>13</sup>C nuclear magnetic resonance for structural elucidation. Our goal was to obtaine some insight into the sequence of steps involved in the formation of humic substances</p><p>Results show that the major change occurring in the whole peat during diagenesis is loss of carbohydrates. The components of the peat which are more resistant to microbial degradation become concentrated in the humin fraction. This resistant fraction of the organic matter includes aliphatic and aromatic components. The aromatic components are thought to be derived from lignin while the aliphatic moieties may represent decomposed algal remains. The carbohydrates lost from the whole peat appear to be concentrated in the fulvic acids and the dissolved organic matter in the pore water. The humic acids consist predominantly of aromatic and aliphatic structures, and may represent partially degraded lignin-like structures and aliphatic compounds from algae. The data presented here suggest that humic and fulvic acids are the partially degraded fractions of the peat while the humin contains the resistant or preserved portion of the organic matter. The proposition that humic substances are formed by the condensation of amino acids and sugars is not supported by the results of this study.</p></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0166-5162(87)90021-8","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Orem, W., and Hatcher, P.G., 1987, Early diagenesis of organic matter in a Sawgrass peat from the Everglades, Florida: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 8, no. 1-2, p. 33-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-5162(87)90021-8.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"33","endPage":"54","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224193,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0484e4b0c8380cd50a1e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orem, W. H. 0000-0003-4990-0539","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4990-0539","contributorId":93084,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orem","given":"W. H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatcher, Patrick G.","contributorId":93625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015235,"text":"70015235 - 1987 - Hydraulic/Chemical Changes During Ground-Water Recharge by Injection","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-20T11:23:25.411327","indexId":"70015235","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydraulic/Chemical Changes During Ground-Water Recharge by Injection","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Ground-water recharge by injection of reclaimed water is a feasible method of improving ground-water quality in the shallow aquifer system in the Palo Alto Baylands along the San Francisco Bay. Ground water was initially more saline than sea water. Reclaimed water was injected at a rate of 10 gallons per minute from June 5, 1980, to July 1, 1980. At the completion of injection, water from an observation well 31 feet from the injection well was 98 percent injected water-in essence, fresh water.</p><p>An abrupt rise in the water level in the injection well of about 1.5 feet during the initial injection test was the result of a 3.5 percent density difference between injected fresh water and saline ground water. The arrival of injected water at observation wells showed the same effect, allowing monitoring of chemical and hydraulic changes entirely through water-level data.</p><p>The initially sodic clays in the confining layer were expected to swell as the saline ground water (sodium source) was diluted by recharge water. The sodium ion causes excessive coordination with the hydronium ion (H<sub>3</sub>O<sup>+</sup>) in the clay lattice, resulting in expansion as the saline water is diluted. X-ray diffraction analysis of clay samples soaked first in native and then in injected water showed this effect. Calcium replaces sodium and limits expansion.</p><p>Prior to injection the saline ground water was supersaturated with calcite. Dilution, as injection proceeded, eventually produced an undersaturation of calcite. An increase in well specific capacity indicates that calcite dissolved from the aquifer matrix, improving hydraulic conductivity.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1987.tb02130.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Hamlin, S.N., 1987, Hydraulic/Chemical Changes During Ground-Water Recharge by Injection: Groundwater, v. 25, no. 3, p. 267-274, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1987.tb02130.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"267","endPage":"274","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224194,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2e89e4b0c8380cd5c62e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamlin, Scott N.","contributorId":27040,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamlin","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015237,"text":"70015237 - 1987 - Stable isotope compositions and water contents of boninite series volcanic rocks from Chichi-jima, Bonin Islands, Japan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-10T21:28:00.671934","indexId":"70015237","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable isotope compositions and water contents of boninite series volcanic rocks from Chichi-jima, Bonin Islands, Japan","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"ab1\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id3\"><p>Measurements of stable isotope compositions and water contents of boninite series volcanic rocks from the island of Chichi-jima, Bonin Islands, Japan, confirm that a large amount (1.6–2.4 wt.%) of primary water was present in these unusual magmas. An enrichment of 0.6‰ in<sup>18</sup>O during differentiation is explained by crystallization of<sup>18</sup>O-depleted mafic phases. Silicic glasses have elevated<span>&nbsp;</span><i>δ<sup>18</sup>O</i><span>&nbsp;</span>values and relatively low<span>&nbsp;</span><i>δD</i><span>&nbsp;</span>values indicating that they were modified by low-temperature alteration and hydration processes. Mafic glasses, on the other hand, have for the most part retained their primary isotopic signatures since Eocene time. Primary<span>&nbsp;</span><i>δD</i><span>&nbsp;</span>values of −53 for boninite glasses are higher than those of MORB and suggest that the water was derived from subducted oceanic lithosphere.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(87)90108-7","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Dobson, P., and O’Neil, J.R., 1987, Stable isotope compositions and water contents of boninite series volcanic rocks from Chichi-jima, Bonin Islands, Japan: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 82, no. 1-2, p. 75-86, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(87)90108-7.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"86","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487255,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821x(87)90108-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":224245,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"82","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b966de4b08c986b31b4d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dobson, P.F.","contributorId":68466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dobson","given":"P.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Neil, J. R.","contributorId":69633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015238,"text":"70015238 - 1987 - Influence of late Quaternary climatic changes on geomorphic and pedogenic processes on a desert piedmont, Eastern Mojave Desert, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-26T07:19:40","indexId":"70015238","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of late Quaternary climatic changes on geomorphic and pedogenic processes on a desert piedmont, Eastern Mojave Desert, California","docAbstract":"Radiocarbon dating of late Quaternary deposits and shorelines of Lake Mojave and cation-ratio numerical age dating of stone pavements (Dorn, 1984) on the adjacent Soda Mountains piedmont provide age constraints for alluvial and eolian deposits. These deposits are associated with climatically controlled stands of Lake Mojave during the past 15,000 yr. Six alluvial fan units and three eolian stratigraphic units were assigned ages based on field relations with dated shorelines and piedmont surfaces, as well as on soil-geomorphic data. All but one of these stratigraphic units were deposited in response to time-transgressive climatic changes beginning approximately 10,000 yr ago. Increased eolian flux rates occurred in response to the lowering of Lake Mojave and a consequent increase in fine-sediment availability. Increased rates of deposition of eolian fines and associated salts influenced pedogenesis, stone-pavement development, and runoff-infiltration relations by (1) enhancing mechanical weathering of fan surfaces and hillslopes and (2) forming clay- and silt-rich surface horizons which decrease infiltration. Changes in alluvial-fan source areas from hillslopes to piedmonts during the Holocene reflect runoff reduction on hillslopes caused by colluvial mantle development and runoff enhancement on piedmonts caused by the development of less-permeable soils. Inferred increased in early to middle Holocene monsoonal activity resulted in high-magnitude paleo-sheetflood events on older fan pavements; this runoff triggered piedmont dissection which, in turn, caused increased sediment availability along channel walls. Thus, runoff-infiltration changes during the late Quaternary have occurred in response to eolian deposition of fines, pedogenesis, increased sheetflood activity in the Holocene, and vegetational changes which are related to many complicated linkages among climatic change, lake fluctuations, and eolian, hillslope, and alluvial-fan processes. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(87)90072-X","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Wells, S.G., McFadden, L.D., and Dohrenwend, J.C., 1987, Influence of late Quaternary climatic changes on geomorphic and pedogenic processes on a desert piedmont, Eastern Mojave Desert, California: Quaternary Research, v. 27, no. 2, p. 130-146, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90072-X.","startPage":"130","endPage":"146","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266534,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90072-X"},{"id":224295,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b4be4b0c8380cd623de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, S. G.","contributorId":81257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wells","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McFadden, L. D.","contributorId":15765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McFadden","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dohrenwend, J. C.","contributorId":40960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dohrenwend","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015240,"text":"70015240 - 1987 - SEA-ICE INFLUENCE ON ARCTIC COASTAL RETREAT.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:00","indexId":"70015240","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"SEA-ICE INFLUENCE ON ARCTIC COASTAL RETREAT.","docAbstract":"Recent studies document the effectiveness of sea ice in reshaping the seafloor of the inner shelf into sharp-relief features, including ice gouges with jagged flanking ridges, ice-wallow relief, and 2- to 6-m-deep strudel-scour craters. These ice-related relief forms are in disequilibrium with classic open-water hydraulic processes and thus are smoothed over by waves and currents in one to two years. Such alternate reworking of the shelf by ice and currents - two diverse types of processes, which in the case of ice wallow act in unison-contributes to sediment mobility and, thus, to sediment loss from the coast and inner shelf. The bulldozing action by ice results in coast-parallel sediment displacement. Additionally, suspension of sediment by frazil and anchor ice, followed by ice rafting, can move large amounts of bottom-derived materials. Our understanding of all these processes is insufficient to model Arctic coastal processes.","conferenceTitle":"Coastal Sediments '87, Proceedings of a Specialty Conference on Advances in Understanding of Coastal Sediment Processes.","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","usgsCitation":"Reimnitz, E., and Barnes, P.W., 1987, SEA-ICE INFLUENCE ON ARCTIC COASTAL RETREAT., Coastal Sediments '87, Proceedings of a Specialty Conference on Advances in Understanding of Coastal Sediment Processes., v. 2, New Orleans, LA, USA, p. 1578-1591.","startPage":"1578","endPage":"1591","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224297,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaf1ae4b0c8380cd873bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reimnitz, Erk","contributorId":17963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reimnitz","given":"Erk","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barnes, P. W.","contributorId":8819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015241,"text":"70015241 - 1987 - PHYSICAL MODELING OF CONTRACTED FLOW.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:00","indexId":"70015241","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"PHYSICAL MODELING OF CONTRACTED FLOW.","docAbstract":"Experiments on steady flow over uniform grass roughness through centered single-opening contractions were conducted in the Flood Plain Simulation Facility at the U. S. Geological Survey's Gulf Coast Hydroscience Center near Bay St. Louis, Miss. The experimental series was designed to provide data for calibrating and verifying two-dimensional, vertically averaged surface-water flow models used to simulate flow through openings in highway embankments across inundated flood plains. Water-surface elevations, point velocities, and vertical velocity profiles were obtained at selected locations for design discharges ranging from 50 to 210 cfs. Examples of observed water-surface elevations and velocity magnitudes at basin cross-sections are presented.","conferenceTitle":"Hydraulic Engineering, Proceedings of the 1987 National Conference.","conferenceLocation":"Williamsburg, VA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872626105","usgsCitation":"Lee, J.K., 1987, PHYSICAL MODELING OF CONTRACTED FLOW., Hydraulic Engineering, Proceedings of the 1987 National Conference., Williamsburg, VA, USA, p. 25-30.","startPage":"25","endPage":"30","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224298,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7358e4b0c8380cd76f9e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, Jonathan K.","contributorId":60186,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014172,"text":"70014172 - 1987 - Plate-tectonic evolution of the western U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:31","indexId":"70014172","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1582,"text":"Episodes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plate-tectonic evolution of the western U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Changing interactions of lithospheric plates provide the framework for this review of the 3100 m.y. geological history of some 3 million km2 of mountains, deserts, plateaux and plains. The Precambrian to Neogene development of the western U.S.A. is outlined in terms of plate collisions, subduction events and deformation of lithospheric slabs, with some interpretations based on SE Asia and other regions of complex tectonics.-R.A.H.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Episodes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"07053797","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, W., 1987, Plate-tectonic evolution of the western U.S.A.: Episodes, v. 10, no. 4, p. 271-276.","startPage":"271","endPage":"276","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225301,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7c22e4b0c8380cd797f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, W.","contributorId":46683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014170,"text":"70014170 - 1987 - Rainfall, ground-water flow, and seasonal movement at Minor Creek landslide, northwestern California: Physical interpretation of empirical relations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-28T01:17:57.379043","indexId":"70014170","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rainfall, ground-water flow, and seasonal movement at Minor Creek landslide, northwestern California: Physical interpretation of empirical relations","docAbstract":"<p>Simple ground-water flow analyses can clarify complex empirical relations between rainfall and landslide motion. Here we present detailed data on rainfall, ground-water flow, and repetitive seasonal motion that occurred from 1982 to 1985 at Minor Creek landslide in northwestern California, and we interpret these data in the context of physically based theories. We find that landslide motion is closely regulated by the direction and magnitude of near-surface hydraulic gradients and by waves of pore pressure caused by intermittent rainfall.</p><p>Diffusive propagation of pore-pressure waves accompanies downward ground-water flow along nearly vertical hydraulic gradients that exist in most of the landslide. Field data combined with a pore-pressure diffusion analysis show that single rainstorms typically produce short-period waves that attenuate before reaching the landslide base. In contrast, seasonal rainfall cycles produce long-period waves that modify basal pore pressures, but only after time lags that range from weeks to months. Such tune lags can depend on antecedent moisture storage and can explain variable delays between the onset of the wet season and seasonal landslide motion.</p><p>Limit-equilibrium analysis shows that when seasonal pressure waves reach the landslide base, they establish a critical distribution of effective stress that delicately triggers landslide motion. The critical effective-stress balance is extremely sensitive to the direction and magnitude of hydraulic gradients.</p><p>Although pervasively downward gradients instigate seasonal motion, we infer from theory and limited data that ground water also may circulate locally in near-surface cells. The circulation can further reduce the landslide's frictional strength, particularly in areas of nearly horizontal ground-water flow that occur beneath steep faces of hummocks. Hummocky topography that results from slope instability may therefore cause ground-water flow that perpetuates instability.</p><p>Diffusive propagation of pore-pressure waves accompanies downward ground-water flow along nearly vertical hydraulic gradients that exist in most of the landslide. Field data combined with a pore-pressure diffusion analysis show that single rainstorms typically produce short-period waves that attenuate before reaching the landslide base. In contrast, seasonal rainfall cycles produce long-period waves that modify basal pore pressures, but only after time lags that range from weeks to months. Such tune lags can depend on antecedent moisture storage and can explain variable delays between the onset of the wet season and seasonal landslide motion.</p><p>Limit-equilibrium analysis shows that when seasonal pressure waves reach the landslide base, they establish a critical distribution of effective stress that delicately triggers landslide motion. The critical effective-stress balance is extremely sensitive to the direction and magnitude of hydraulic gradients.</p><p>Although pervasively downward gradients instigate seasonal motion, we infer from theory and limited data that ground water also may circulate locally in near-surface cells. The circulation can further reduce the landslide's frictional strength, particularly in areas of nearly horizontal ground-water flow that occur beneath steep faces of hummocks. Hummocky topography that results from slope instability may therefore cause ground-water flow that perpetuates instability.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1987)99%3C579:RGFASM%3E2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Iverson, R., and Major, J., 1987, Rainfall, ground-water flow, and seasonal movement at Minor Creek landslide, northwestern California: Physical interpretation of empirical relations: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 99, no. 4, p. 579-594, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1987)99%3C579:RGFASM%3E2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"579","endPage":"594","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225299,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Minor Creek landslide","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.87496948242186,\n              40.90793419432049\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.72270584106445,\n              40.90793419432049\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.72270584106445,\n              41.010345626044106\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.87496948242186,\n              41.010345626044106\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.87496948242186,\n              40.90793419432049\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"99","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a946ee4b0c8380cd813dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iverson, R.M. 0000-0002-7369-3819","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-3819","contributorId":16435,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iverson","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Major, J. J. 0000-0003-2449-4466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2449-4466","contributorId":29461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Major","given":"J. J.","affiliations":[{"id":157,"text":"Cascades Volcano Observatory","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":367769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014167,"text":"70014167 - 1987 - Moment tensor solutions estimated using optimal filter theory for 51 selected earthquakes, 1980-1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-13T13:20:21","indexId":"70014167","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3071,"text":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Moment tensor solutions estimated using optimal filter theory for 51 selected earthquakes, 1980-1984","docAbstract":"The 51 global events that occurred from January 1980 to March 1984, which were chosen by the convenors of the Symposium on Seismological Theory and Practice, have been analyzed using a moment tensor inversion algorithm (Sipkin). Many of the events were routinely analyzed as part of the National Earthquake Information Center's (NEIC) efforts to publish moment tensor and first-motion fault-plane solutions for all moderate- to large-sized (mb>5.7) earthquakes. In routine use only long-period P-waves are used and the source-time function is constrained to be a step-function at the source (??-function in the far-field). Four of the events were of special interest, and long-period P, SH-wave solutions were obtained. For three of these events, an unconstrained inversion was performed. The resulting time-dependent solutions indicated that, for many cases, departures of the solutions from pure double-couples are caused by source complexity that has not been adequately modeled. These solutions also indicate that source complexity of moderate-sized events can be determined from long-period data. Finally, for one of the events of special interest, an inversion of the broadband P-waveforms was also performed, demonstrating the potential for using broadband waveform data in inversion procedures. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0031-9201(87)90068-9","issn":"00319201","usgsCitation":"Sipkin, S., 1987, Moment tensor solutions estimated using optimal filter theory for 51 selected earthquakes, 1980-1984: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, v. 47, no. C, p. 67-79, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(87)90068-9.","startPage":"67","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":267329,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9201(87)90068-9"},{"id":225237,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"47","issue":"C","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5d3ae4b0c8380cd70242","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sipkin, S.A.","contributorId":9399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sipkin","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015246,"text":"70015246 - 1987 - The Japan Trench and its juncture with the Kuril Trench: cruise results of the Kaiko project, Leg 3","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-10T21:25:25.201936","indexId":"70015246","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Japan Trench and its juncture with the Kuril Trench: cruise results of the Kaiko project, Leg 3","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"ab1\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id19\"><p>This paper presents the results of a detailed survey combining Seabeam mapping, gravity and geomagnetic measurements as well as single-channel seismic reflection observations in the Japan Trench and the juncture with the Kuril Trench during the French-Japanese Kaiko project (northern sector of the Leg 3) on the R/V “Jean Charcot”. The main data acquired during the cruise, such as the Seabeam maps, magnetic anomalies pattern, and preliminary interpretations are discussed. These new data cover an area of 18,000 km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>and provide for the first time a detailed three-dimensional image of the Japan Trench. Combined with the previous results, the data indicate new structural interpretations. A comparative study of Seabeam morphology, single-channel and reprocessed multichannel records lead to the conclusion that along the northern Japan Trench there is little evidence of accretion but, instead, a tectonic erosion of the overriding plate. The tectonic pattern on the oceanic side of the trench is controlled by the creation of new normal faults parallel to the Japan Trench axis, which is a direct consequence of the downward flexure of the Pacific plate. In addition to these new faults, ancient normal faults trending parallel to the N65° oceanic magnetic anomalies and oblique to the Japan trench axis are reactivated, so that two directions of normal faulting are observed seaward of the Japan Trench. Only one direction of faulting is observed seaward of the Kuril Trench because of the parallelism between the trench axis and the magnetic anomalies. The convergent front of the Kuril Trench is offset left-laterally by 20 km relative to those of the Japan Trench. This transform fault and the lower slope of the southernmost Kuril Trench are represented by very steep scarps more than 2 km high. Slightly south of the juncture, the Erimo Seamount riding on the Pacific plate, is now entering the subduction zone. It has been preceded by at least another seamount as revealed by magnetic anomalies across the landward slope of the trench. Deeper future studies will be necessary to discriminate between the two following hypothesis about the origin of the curvature between both trenches: Is it due to the collision of an already subducted chain of seamounts? or does it correspond to one of the failure lines of the America/Eurasia plate boundary?</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0012-821X(87)90071-9","issn":"0012821X","usgsCitation":"Cadet, J., Kobayashi, K., Aubouin, J., Boulegue, J., Deplus, C., Dubois, J., von Huene, R.E., Jolivet, L., Kanazawa, T., Kasahara, J., Koizumi, K., Lallemand, S., Nakamura, Y., Pautot, G., Suyehiro, K., Tani, S., Tokuyama, H., and Yamazaki, T., 1987, The Japan Trench and its juncture with the Kuril Trench: cruise results of the Kaiko project, Leg 3: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 83, no. 1-4, p. 267-284, https://doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X(87)90071-9.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"267","endPage":"284","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224410,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"83","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba78ee4b08c986b321648","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cadet, J.-P.","contributorId":7846,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cadet","given":"J.-P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kobayashi, K.","contributorId":68885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kobayashi","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aubouin, J.","contributorId":19296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aubouin","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Boulegue, J.","contributorId":104632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boulegue","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Deplus, C.","contributorId":105441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deplus","given":"C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dubois, J.","contributorId":39529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dubois","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"von Huene, Roland E. 0000-0003-1301-3866 rvonhuene@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1301-3866","contributorId":191070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"von Huene","given":"Roland","email":"rvonhuene@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":7065,"text":"USGS emeritus","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":370433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Jolivet, L.","contributorId":39943,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jolivet","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kanazawa, T.","contributorId":106646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kanazawa","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Kasahara, J.","contributorId":107858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kasahara","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Koizumi, K.","contributorId":42363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koizumi","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Lallemand, S.","contributorId":99703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lallemand","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Nakamura, Y.","contributorId":70117,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nakamura","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Pautot, G.","contributorId":105059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pautot","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Suyehiro, Kiyoshi","contributorId":62348,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suyehiro","given":"Kiyoshi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Tani, S.","contributorId":99704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tani","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Tokuyama, H.","contributorId":83275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tokuyama","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17},{"text":"Yamazaki, T.","contributorId":82064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yamazaki","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":18}]}}
,{"id":70015247,"text":"70015247 - 1987 - Determination of the occurrence of gold in an unoxidized Carlin-type ore sample using synchrotron radiation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-06T19:30:23","indexId":"70015247","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2909,"text":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of the occurrence of gold in an unoxidized Carlin-type ore sample using synchrotron radiation","docAbstract":"The occurrence of the so-called invisible gold in two unoxidized Carlin-type gold samples from Nevada has been determined using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) analysis at the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory. A bedded sample from the East ore zone of the Carlin deposit and a breccia sample from Horse Canyon were analyzed. Preliminary results show that gold is found only in the Horse Canyon breccia sample. Experimental details including other X-ray line and diffraction peak interferences, standards used, and minimum detection limits (MDLs) are discussed. Gold, with a MDL range of 0.8 to 3 ppm, was not detected in euhedral pyrite crystals except in the interior porous portion of one grain. Gold was detected in some parts of the matrix. The phase which contains gold has not yet been identified. The highest content of gold so far analyzed is about 40 ppm. There are interesting implications of these new findings. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0168-583X(87)90365-X","issn":"0168583X","usgsCitation":"Chen, J., Chao, E.C., Minkin, J., Back, J., Bagby, W., Rivers, M., Sutton, S., Gordon, B., Hanson, A., and Jones, K., 1987, Determination of the occurrence of gold in an unoxidized Carlin-type ore sample using synchrotron radiation: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, v. 22, no. 1-3, p. 394-400, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(87)90365-X.","startPage":"394","endPage":"400","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":487249,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5404161","text":"External Repository"},{"id":224411,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268843,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583X(87)90365-X"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffd8e4b0c8380cd4f40d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chen, J.R.","contributorId":98468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370459,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chao, E. C. T.","contributorId":96713,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chao","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"C. T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370458,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Minkin, J.A.","contributorId":38588,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Minkin","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Back, J.M.","contributorId":15639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Back","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bagby, W.C.","contributorId":64663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bagby","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370456,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Rivers, M.L.","contributorId":39526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rivers","given":"M.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370454,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sutton, S.R.","contributorId":47525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370455,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Gordon, B.M.","contributorId":29963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hanson, A.L.","contributorId":76470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"A.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Jones, K.W.","contributorId":21692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70015250,"text":"70015250 - 1987 - The distribution of nitrogen species and adsorption of ammonium in sediments from the tidal Potomac River and estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-12T00:27:14.872218","indexId":"70015250","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The distribution of nitrogen species and adsorption of ammonium in sediments from the tidal Potomac River and estuary","docAbstract":"<p><span>The distribution of dissolved ammonium, adsorbed ammonium and residual, organic and total nitrogen was measured in Potomac River tidal, transition zone and lower estuary sediments to a depth of 66 cm. For these sediments, exchangeable ammonium, and thereby adsorbed ammonium concentrations, were determined directly using an ammonia electrode in alkaline sediment suspensions. Ammonia electrode data were comparable to data obtained by KCl extraction of fresh sediment. The conventional unitless ammonium adsorption coefficient, calculated as the slope of the regression line drawn when sediment-adsorbed ammonium (μmol g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;dry wt of sediment) is plotted against interstitial water ammonium (μmol g</span><sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;dry wt sediment), is 1·5 for this system. When a modified ammonium adsorption coefficient is calculated from sediment-adsorbed ammonium concentrations and a ratio of interstitial water ammonium and potassium concentrations, the regression equation through the data has a zero intercept and is more nearly linear than the regression equation of data based on conventional calculations. The use of a ratio including ammonium and potassium concentrations in the interstitial water term takes into account ionic strength variations in the estuary and competition between ammonium and potassium for adsorption sites.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0272-7714(87)90022-9","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Simon, N., and Kennedy, M., 1987, The distribution of nitrogen species and adsorption of ammonium in sediments from the tidal Potomac River and estuary: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 25, no. 1, p. 11-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7714(87)90022-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223592,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n    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M.M.","contributorId":10817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015253,"text":"70015253 - 1987 - The chemistry and mineralogy of haloed burrows in pelagic sediment at DOMES Site A: The equatorial North Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T11:15:48.413011","indexId":"70015253","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The chemistry and mineralogy of haloed burrows in pelagic sediment at DOMES Site A: The equatorial North Pacific","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id5\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id6\"><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">The chemical and mineralogical composition of burrowed sediment, recovered in 66 box cores at latitude 9°25′N and longitude 151°15′W in the equatorial Pacific, demonstrates the important role of infauna in determining the geochemistry of pelagic sediment. Haloed burrows, approximately 3 cm across, were present in many of the cores. Within early Tertiary sediment that was covered by less than 5 cm of surface Quaternary sediment in several cores, the burrows in cross-section consist of three units: (1) a dark yellowish-brown central zone of Quaternary sediment surrounded, by (2) a pale yellowish-orange zone (the halo) of Tertiary sediment, which is surrounded by (3) a metal-oxide precipitate; the enclosing Tertiary sediment is dusky brown. Several elements — Mn, Ni, Cu, Co, Zn, Sb and Ce — have been leached from the light-colored halo, whereas Cr, Cs, Hf, Rb, Sc, Ta, Th, U, the rare earth elements exclusive of Ce, and the major oxides have not been leached. The metal-oxide zone, 1–5 mm thick, contains as much as 16% MnO<sub>2</sub>, as the mineral todorokite. The composition of the todorokite, exclusive of the admixed Tertiary sediment, resembles the composition of the metal deficit of the halo and also the composition of surface ferromanganese nodules that have been interpreted as having a predominantly diagenetic origin. Thus bioturbation contributes not only to the redistribution of metals within pelagic sediment, but also to the accretion of ferromanganese nodules on the sea floor.</div></div></div></div></div><div id=\"preview-section-introduction\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(87)90004-1","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Piper, D., Rude, P., and Monteith, S., 1987, The chemistry and mineralogy of haloed burrows in pelagic sediment at DOMES Site A: The equatorial North Pacific: Marine Geology, v. 74, no. 1-2, p. 41-55, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(87)90004-1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"55","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223647,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baa2fe4b08c986b322756","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piper, D.Z.","contributorId":34154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piper","given":"D.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rude, P.D.","contributorId":12499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rude","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370472,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Monteith, S.","contributorId":87301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Monteith","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015254,"text":"70015254 - 1987 - Radium-226 contents and Rn emanation coefficients of particle-size fractions of alkaline, acid and mixed U mill tailings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:57","indexId":"70015254","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1884,"text":"Health Physics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radium-226 contents and Rn emanation coefficients of particle-size fractions of alkaline, acid and mixed U mill tailings","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Health Physics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00179078","usgsCitation":"Landa, E.R., 1987, Radium-226 contents and Rn emanation coefficients of particle-size fractions of alkaline, acid and mixed U mill tailings: Health Physics, v. 52, no. 3, p. 303-310.","startPage":"303","endPage":"310","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223648,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9432e4b0c8380cd81264","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Landa, E. R.","contributorId":100002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landa","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014165,"text":"70014165 - 1987 - Response of douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) to uraniferous groundwater in a small glaciated drainage, Northeastern Washington State","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-17T23:57:39.126705","indexId":"70014165","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Response of douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) to uraniferous groundwater in a small glaciated drainage, Northeastern Washington State","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>Douglas fir trees and associated soils were sampled from the slopes of a small (∼4 km<sup>2</sup>) drainage basin in northeastern Washington to investigate the biogeochemical response to locally uraniferous groundwater. Uranium is preferentially incorporated in needles and twigs compared to larger branches or the trunk. The U concentration in needle ash ranges from 0.2 to 5.8μg g<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>(ppm) and shows no correlation with the U concentration in associated soils. Rather, the distribution of anomalously uraniferous douglas fir (&gt; 1.0<i>μ</i>g g<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>U in needle ash) appears to be controlled by observed or readily inferred pathways of near-surface groundwater movement in the drainage. These pathways include: (1) general downslope movement of subsurface runoff; (2) increased flux of near-surface groundwater near the toe of an alluvial fan; and (3) emergence of uraniferous (100–150 ng ml<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>[ppb] groundwater in the vicinity of a slope spring. The data also indicate the presence of near-surface uraniferous groundwater along a structurally controlled zone that parallels the north-south strike of the valley, and that includes the slope spring. The results suggest that biogeochemical sampling may be used to supplement more direct, but more limited, measurements of groundwater quality and flow regime in areas of near-surface contaminated groundwater.</p></div></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(87)90024-0","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Zielinski, R.A., and Schumann, R., 1987, Response of douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) to uraniferous groundwater in a small glaciated drainage, Northeastern Washington State: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 27, no. 1-2, p. 281-298, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(87)90024-0.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"281","endPage":"298","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225235,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aaa42e4b0c8380cd8622b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zielinski, R. A. 0000-0002-4047-5129","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4047-5129","contributorId":106930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zielinski","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":367759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schumann, R.R.","contributorId":14429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumann","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014164,"text":"70014164 - 1987 - Geothermometry of Kilauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:35","indexId":"70014164","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1109,"text":"Bulletin of Volcanology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geothermometry of Kilauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii","docAbstract":"Data on the variation of temperature with time and in space are essential to a complete understanding of the crystallization history of basaltic magma in Kilauea Iki lava lake. Methods used to determine temperatures in the lake have included direct, downhole thermocouple measurements and Fe-Ti oxide geothermometry. In addition, the temperature variations of MgO and CaO contents of glasses, as determined in melting experiments on appropriate Kilauean samples, have been calibrated for use as purely empirical geothermometers and are directly applicable to interstitial glasses in olivine-bearing core from Kilauea Iki. The uncertainty in inferred quenching temperatures is ??8-10?? C. Comparison of the three methods shows that (1) oxide and glass geothermometry give results that are consistent with each other and consistent with the petrography and relative position of samples, (2) downhole thermo-couple measurements are low in all but the earliest, shallowest holes because the deeper holes never completely recover to predrilling temperatures, (3) glass geothermometry provides the greatest detail on temperature profiles in the partially molten zone, much of which is otherwise inaccessible, and (4) all three methods are necessary to construct a complete temperature profile for any given drill hole. Application of glass-based geothermometry to partially molten drill core recovered in 1975-1981 reveals in great detail the variation of temperature, in both time and space, within the partially molten zone of Kilauea Iki lava lake. The geothermometers developed here are also potentially applicable to glassy samples from other Kilauea lava lakes and to rapidly quenched lava samples from eruptions of Kilauea and Mauna Loa. ?? 1987 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Bulletin of Volcanology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF01080357","issn":"02588900","usgsCitation":"Helz, R., and Thornber, C., 1987, Geothermometry of Kilauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 49, no. 5, p. 651-668, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01080357.","startPage":"651","endPage":"668","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205688,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01080357"},{"id":226206,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a28dfe4b0c8380cd5a4bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Helz, Rosalind Tuthill 0000-0003-1550-0684","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1550-0684","contributorId":16806,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helz","given":"Rosalind Tuthill","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":367756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thornber, C.R.","contributorId":69302,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thornber","given":"C.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014163,"text":"70014163 - 1987 - Evolution and petroleum geology of Amlia and Amukta intra-arc summit basins, Aleutian Ridge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-01T15:29:35","indexId":"70014163","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evolution and petroleum geology of Amlia and Amukta intra-arc summit basins, Aleutian Ridge","docAbstract":"Amlia and Amukta Basins are the largest of many intra-arc basins formed in late Cenozoic time along the crest of the Aleutian Arc. Both basins are grabens filled with 2-5 km of arc-derived sediment. A complex system of normal faults deformed the basinal strata. Although initial deposits of late Micocene age may be non-marine in origin, by early Pliocene time, most of the basinfill consisted of pelagic and hemipelagic debris and terrigenous turbidite deposits derived from wavebase and subaerial erosion of the arc's crestal areas. Late Cenozoic volcanism along the arc commenced during or shortly after initial subsidence and greatly contributed to active deposition in Amlia and Amukta Basins. Two groups of normal faults occur: major boundary faults common to both basins and 'intra-basin' faults that arise primarily from arc-parallel extension of the arc. The most significant boundary fault, Amlia-Amukta fault, is a south-dipping growth fault striking parallel to the trend of the arc. Displacement across this fault forms a large half-graben that is separated into the two depocentres of Amlia and Amukta Basins by the formation of a late Cenozoic volcanic centre, Seguam Island. Faults of the second group reflect regional deformation of the arc and offset the basement floor as well as the overlying basinal section. Intra-basin faults in Amlia Basin are predominantly aligned normal to the trend of the arc, thereby indicating arc-parallel extension. Those in Amukta basin are aligned in multiple orientations and probably indicate a more complex mechanism of faulting. Displacement across intra-basin faults is attributed to tectonic subsidence of the massif, aided by depositional loading within the basins. In addition, most intra-basin faults are listric and are associated with high growth rates. Although, the hydrocarbon potential of Amlia and Amukta Basins is difficult to assess based on existing data, regional considerations imply that an adequate thermal history conducive to hydrocarbon generation has prevailed during the past 6-5 my. The possibility for source rocks existing in the lower sections of the basins is suggested by exposures of middle and upper Miocene carbonaceous mudstone on nearby Atka Island and the implication that euxinic conditions may have prevailed during the initial formation of the basins. Large structures have evolved to trap migrating hydrocarbons, but questions remain concerning the preservation of primary porosity in a sedimentary section rich in reactive volcaniclastic debris. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0264-8172(87)90011-0","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Geist, E., Childs, J., and Scholl, D., 1987, Evolution and petroleum geology of Amlia and Amukta intra-arc summit basins, Aleutian Ridge: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 4, no. 4, p. 334-352, https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(87)90011-0.","startPage":"334","endPage":"352","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":268653,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(87)90011-0"},{"id":226205,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0d76e4b0c8380cd53028","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geist, E.L. 0000-0003-0611-1150","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-1150","contributorId":71993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geist","given":"E.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Childs, J.R.","contributorId":63011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Childs","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scholl, D.W.","contributorId":106461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70014158,"text":"70014158 - 1987 - On regional geomagnetic charts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-25T00:10:46.479375","indexId":"70014158","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2310,"text":"Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On regional geomagnetic charts","docAbstract":"<div id=\"article-overiew-abstract-wrap\"><p class=\"global-para-14\">When regional geomagnetic charts for areas roughly the size of the United States were compiled by hand, some large local anomalies were displayed in the isomagnetic lines. Since the late nineteen sixties, when the compilation of charts using computers and mathematical models was started, most of the details available in the hand drawn regional charts have been lost. One exception to this is the Canadian magnetic declination chart for 1980. This chart was constructed using a 180 degree spherical harmonic model. It managed to show considerable detail, but even more detail might be useful. Suggestions are made about how more detail might be displayed in regional charts when adequate data are available.</p></div><div id=\"datarepo-wrap\"><br></div><div id=\"article-overiew-references-wrap\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"J-STAGE","doi":"10.5636/jgg.39.723","usgsCitation":"Alldredge, L., 1987, On regional geomagnetic charts: Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity, v. 39, no. 12, p. 723-738, https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.39.723.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"723","endPage":"738","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480535,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.39.723","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":226072,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6da8e4b0c8380cd7525e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alldredge, L.R.","contributorId":53457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alldredge","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015261,"text":"70015261 - 1987 - Status of glacial Lake Columbia during the last floods from glacial Lake Missoula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-26T07:20:34","indexId":"70015261","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Status of glacial Lake Columbia during the last floods from glacial Lake Missoula","docAbstract":"The last floods from glacial Lake Missoula, Montana, probably ran into glacial Lake Columbia, in northeastern Washington. In or near Lake Columbia's Sanpoil arm, Lake Missoula floods dating from late in the Fraser glaciation produced normally graded silt beds that become thinner upsection and which alternate with intervals of progressively fewer varves. The highest three interflood intervals each contain only one or two varves, and about 200-400 successive varves conformably overlie the highest flood bed. This sequence suggests that jo??kulhlaup frequency progressively increased until Lake Missoula ended, and that Lake Columbia outlasted Lake Missoula. The upper Grand Coulee, Lake Columbia's late Fraser-age outlet, contains a section of 13 graded beds, most of them sandy and separated by varves, that may correlate with the highest Missoula-flood beds of the Sanpoil River valley. The upper Grand Coulee also contains probable correlatives of many of the approximately 200-400 succeeding varves, as do nearby parts of the Columbia River valley. This collective evidence casts doubt on a prevailing hypothesis according to which one or more late Fraser-age floods from Lake Missoula descended the Columbia River valley with little or no interference from Lake Columbia's Okanogan-lobe dam. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(87)90076-7","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Atwater, B., 1987, Status of glacial Lake Columbia during the last floods from glacial Lake Missoula: Quaternary Research, v. 27, no. 2, p. 182-201, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90076-7.","startPage":"182","endPage":"201","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223757,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266535,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90076-7"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b97bce4b08c986b31bc2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Atwater, B.F. 0000-0003-1155-2815","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1155-2815","contributorId":14006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwater","given":"B.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015262,"text":"70015262 - 1987 - Measurements of210Pb,137Cs, organic carbon and trace elements in sediments of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:56","indexId":"70015262","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2440,"text":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Measurements of210Pb,137Cs, organic carbon and trace elements in sediments of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers","docAbstract":"Radiometric dating of sediment accumulations by137Cs and210Pb has been successfully initiated in the Illinois and Mississippi Rivers. Sedimentation rates measured at 13 locations range from 0.7 to 3.6 cm/y. Chemical analysis has been completed for up to 45 major and trace elements in core samples. The upper Illinois River contains higher metal levels than the Mississippi River. The amount of carbon (energy) lost to sediments in large floodplain rivers is estimated between 370 and 4000 g/m2/y. ?? 1987 Akade??miai Kiado??.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF02055021","issn":"02365731","usgsCitation":"Cahill, R., and Autrey, A., 1987, Measurements of210Pb,137Cs, organic carbon and trace elements in sediments of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles, v. 110, no. 1, p. 197-205, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02055021.","startPage":"197","endPage":"205","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205413,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02055021"},{"id":223758,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"110","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a533ee4b0c8380cd6c95e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cahill, R.A.","contributorId":66393,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahill","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370489,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Autrey, A.D.","contributorId":10934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Autrey","given":"A.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370488,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015263,"text":"70015263 - 1987 - Microprocessor-based data-acquisition system for a borehole radar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-25T17:22:27.740681","indexId":"70015263","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1944,"text":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Microprocessor-based data-acquisition system for a borehole radar","docAbstract":"<p><span>An efficient microprocessor-based system has been implemented that permits real-time acquisition, stacking, and digital recording of data generated by a borehole radar system. Although the system digitizes, stacks, and records independently of a computer, it is interfaced to a desktop computer for program control over system parameters such as sampling interval, number of samples, number of times the data are stacked prior to recording on nine-track tape, and for graphics display of the digitized data. The data can be transferred to the desktop computer during recording, or played back from a tape at a later time. Using the desktop computer, the operator can observe results while recording data and generate hard-copy graphics in the field. Thus, the radar operator can immediately evaluate the quality of data being obtained, modify system parameters, study the radar logs before leaving the field, and re-run borehole logs if necessary. The system has proven to be reliable in the field and has increased productivity both in the field and in the laboratory.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/TGRS.1987.289855","issn":"01962892","usgsCitation":"Bradley, J.A., and Wright, D.L., 1987, Microprocessor-based data-acquisition system for a borehole radar: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. GE-25, no. 4, p. 441-447, https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.1987.289855.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"441","endPage":"447","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223759,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"GE-25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4ac6e4b0c8380cd69029","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Jerry A.","contributorId":37077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, David L. dwright@usgs.gov","contributorId":1132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"David","email":"dwright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":370490,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015264,"text":"70015264 - 1987 - External effects of irrigators' pumping decisions, high plains aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T11:07:48","indexId":"70015264","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"External effects of irrigators' pumping decisions, high plains aquifer","docAbstract":"<p><span>The High Plains aquifer, which underlies about 174,000 square miles (1 square mile = 2.59 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>) in the Great Plains, is the principal source of water in one of the nation's major agricultural areas. This paper examines relationships between the scale of management areas and physical factors, resulting from the lateral movement of groundwater, that limit the ability of irrigators in the High Plains to reduce their own future pumping lifts. At the scale of individual farms, irrigators have very limited ability to “bank” water in order to obtain reduced future pumping lifts. On the other hand, at the scales typical of regional management, reductions in pumpage will result primarily in reductions in water level declines within the management area.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR023i007p01123","usgsCitation":"Alley, W.M., and Schefter, J.E., 1987, External effects of irrigators' pumping decisions, high plains aquifer: Water Resources Research, v. 23, no. 7, p. 1123-1130, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR023i007p01123.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1123","endPage":"1130","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223760,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Great Plains","volume":"23","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a046ee4b0c8380cd509a4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alley, William M. walley@usgs.gov","contributorId":1661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alley","given":"William","email":"walley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":502,"text":"Office of Surface Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":370493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schefter, John E.","contributorId":21155,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schefter","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015265,"text":"70015265 - 1987 - Near-bottom suspended matter concentration on the Continental Shelf during storms: estimates based on in situ observations of light transmission and a particle size dependent transmissometer calibration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-05T09:57:35","indexId":"70015265","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1333,"text":"Continental Shelf Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Near-bottom suspended matter concentration on the Continental Shelf during storms: estimates based on in situ observations of light transmission and a particle size dependent transmissometer calibration","docAbstract":"<p>A laboratory calibration of Sea Tech and Montedoro-Whitney beam transmissometers shows a linear relation between light attenuation coefficient (<i>c<sub>p</sub></i>) and suspended matter concentration (SMC) for natural sediments and for glass beads. However the proportionality constant between <i>c<sub>p</sub></i> and SMC depends on the particle diameter and particle type. Thus, to measure SMC, observations of light attenuation must be used with a time-variable calibration when suspended particle characteristics change with time. Because of this variable calibration, time series of light attenuation alone may not directly reflect SMC and must be interpreted with care.</p><p>The near-bottom concentration of suspended matter during winter storms on the U.S. East Coast Continental Shelf is estimated from light transmission measurements made 2 m above the bottom and from the size distribution of suspended material collected simultaneously in sediment traps 3 m above the bottom. The average concentrations during six storms between December 1979 and February 1980 in the Middle Atlantic Bight ranged from 2 to 4 mg l<sup>1</sup> (maximum concentration of 7 mg l<sup>1</sup>) and 8 to 12 mg l<sup>1</sup> (maximum concentration of 22 mg l<sup>1</sup>) on the south flank of Georges Bank.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0278-4343(87)90026-4","issn":"02784343","usgsCitation":"Moody, J.A., Butman, B., and Bothner, M., 1987, Near-bottom suspended matter concentration on the Continental Shelf during storms: estimates based on in situ observations of light transmission and a particle size dependent transmissometer calibration: Continental Shelf Research, v. 7, no. 6, p. 609-628, https://doi.org/10.1016/0278-4343(87)90026-4.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"609","endPage":"628","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223810,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a63d9e4b0c8380cd7272e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moody, J. A.","contributorId":32930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370494,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butman, B.","contributorId":85580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bothner, Michael H. mbothner@usgs.gov","contributorId":139855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bothner","given":"Michael H.","email":"mbothner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":370495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015266,"text":"70015266 - 1987 - An oxygen isotope model for interpreting carbonate diagenesis in nonmarine rocks (Green River Basin, Wyoming, USA)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-17T00:43:21.564384","indexId":"70015266","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An oxygen isotope model for interpreting carbonate diagenesis in nonmarine rocks (Green River Basin, Wyoming, USA)","docAbstract":"<p>A closed-system model is used for predicting the δ<sup>18</sup>O of formation waters in the deep portions of the northern Green River basin, Wyoming. δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>calcite</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>is calculated from this modeled water and compared with the δ<sup>18</sup>O of measured calcites to help interpret diagenesis in the basin.</p><p>The modification of<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup>O<sub>water</sub>, which may be caused by diagenetic reactions at elevated temperatures, is modeled from two mass-balance equations. Three diagenetic reactions used to modify δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>water</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>include: detrital limestoneå calcite cement; detrital quartz→ quartz cement; and detrital clay å authigenic illite/smectite. A weighted average δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>water</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>and δ<sup>18</sup>O of calcite, quartz and illite/smectite in equilibrium with this water are calculated at 500-m increments. For a closed-system model, calculated variables at one depth are used for input variables at the next depth. An open system can be crudely simulated by adjusting the input variables at each depth.</p><p>Petrographic and hydrologic data suggest that throughout much of the basin an open hydrochemical system overlies a relatively closed system which is below 3000 m. From the surface to 3000 m deep, δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>calcite</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>measured in sandstone cements deviates from calculated<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup>O<sub>calcite</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>for the closed-system model. Below 3000 m, δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>calcite</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>of cement and bulk shale converge from opposite directions with increasing depth toward the calculated δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>calcite</sub>. Adjusting the calculated δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>calcite</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>to match the measured δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>calcite</sub><span>&nbsp;</span>indicates that the deviation above 3000 m results from mixing of meteoric waters with<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>18</sup>O-rich formation water.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0168-9622(87)90067-4","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Dickinson, W.W., 1987, An oxygen isotope model for interpreting carbonate diagenesis in nonmarine rocks (Green River Basin, Wyoming, USA): Chemical Geology, v. 65, no. 2, p. 103-116, https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-9622(87)90067-4.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"116","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223811,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eaafe4b0c8380cd489f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickinson, W. W.","contributorId":97123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickinson","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370497,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015267,"text":"70015267 - 1987 - Effect of transmitter turn-off time on transient soundings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-15T16:43:54.739798","indexId":"70015267","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1761,"text":"Geoexploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of transmitter turn-off time on transient soundings","docAbstract":"<p><span>A general procedure for computing the effect of non-zero turn-off time on the transient electromagnetic response is presented which can be applied to forward and inverse calculation methods for any transmitter-receiver configuration. We consider in detail the case of a large transmitter loop which has a receiver coil located at the center of the loop (central induction or in-loop array). For a linear turn-off ramp of width&nbsp;</span><i>t</i><sub>0</sub><span>, the voltage response is shown to be the voltage due to an ideal step turn-off averaged over windows of width&nbsp;</span><i>t</i><sub>0</sub><span>. Thus the effect is similar to that obtained by using averaging windows in the receiver. In general when time zero is taken to be the end of the ramp, the apparent resistivity increases for a homogeneous half-space over a limited time range. For time zero taken to be the start of the ramp the apparent resistivity is affected in the opposite direction. The effect of the ramp increases with increasing&nbsp;</span><i>t</i><sub>0</sub><span>&nbsp;and first-layer resistivity, is largest during the intermediate stage, and decreases with increasing time. It is shown that for a ramp turn-off, there is no effect in the early and late stages. For two-layered models with a resistive first layer (</span><i>ρ</i><sub>1</sub><span>&gt;</span><i>ρ</i><sub>2</sub><span>), the apparent resistivity is increased in the intermediate stage. When the first layer is more conductive than the second layer (</span><i>ρ</i><sub>1</sub><span>&lt;</span><i>ρ</i><sub>2</sub><span>) and the layer thickness is comparable or greater than the loop radius, similar results are obtained; however, when the layer is thin compared to the loop radius the apparent resistivity is initially decreased and then increases as time increases. Examples are presented which illustrate the strong influence of the geoelectrical section on the turn-off effect. Neglecting the turn-off ramp will affect data interpretation as shown by field examples; the influence is the greatest on near-surface layer parameters.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7142(87)90087-1","usgsCitation":"Fitterman, D.V., and Anderson, W.L., 1987, Effect of transmitter turn-off time on transient soundings: Geoexploration, v. 24, no. 2, p. 131-146, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7142(87)90087-1.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"146","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223812,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0627e4b0c8380cd51112","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fitterman, David V. dfitterman@usgs.gov","contributorId":1106,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitterman","given":"David","email":"dfitterman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, Walter L.","contributorId":99133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370498,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
]}