{"pageNumber":"4368","pageRowStart":"109175","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184900,"records":[{"id":70180755,"text":"70180755 - 1991 - In characteristics of the first North American isolates of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-02T11:59:45","indexId":"70180755","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"In characteristics of the first North American isolates of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available&nbsp;</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the second international symposium on viruses of lower vertebrates","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Second international symposium on viruses of lower vertebrates","conferenceDate":"July 27-31, 1991","conferenceLocation":"Corvallis, OR","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Winton, J., Batts, W., Brunson, R., Hopper, K., Nishizawa, T., and Stehr, C., 1991, In characteristics of the first North American isolates of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the second international symposium on viruses of lower vertebrates, Corvallis, OR, July 27-31, 1991, p. 43-50.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"43","endPage":"50","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":334603,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58945333e4b0fa1e59b867ef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winton, J. R. 0000-0002-3505-5509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":82441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Batts, W.N. 0000-0002-6469-9004","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6469-9004","contributorId":51043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batts","given":"W.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brunson, R.","contributorId":179037,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brunson","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hopper, K.","contributorId":179038,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hopper","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nishizawa, T.","contributorId":53536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nishizawa","given":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Stehr, C.","contributorId":179036,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stehr","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":662313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70015019,"text":"70015019 - 1991 - Estimation of suspended-sediment rating curves and mean suspended-sediment loads","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-01T16:17:53","indexId":"70015019","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Estimation of suspended-sediment rating curves and mean suspended-sediment loads","docAbstract":"<p>Suspended-sediment loads are often estimated from an empirical relation between suspended-sediment load (<i>L</i>) and streamflow (<i>S</i>). This relation is usually defined as a power function,<i> L = aS<sup>h</sup></i>, and is referred to as a suspended-sediment rating curve. This function can be formulated as either a linear or non-linear model to find the solution of the rating-curve parameters (<i>a</i> and <i>b</i>). Formulation of the power function as a linear model requires a logarithmic transformation to linearize the function and a subsequent correction for transformation bias. Rating-curve parameter estimates for both the bias-corrected, transformed-linear or non-linear models can be obtained by the method of least squares.</p>\n<p>Each model has distinct advantages and disadvantages. A unique solution of the parameters of the transformed-linear model may be obtained algebraically. These parameter estimates have some optimal properties when certain attainable conditions are met. However, the parameter estimates must be corrected for transformation bias when obtained this way. Parameter estimates obtained for the non-linear model do not require a correction for transformation bias. However, these estimates must be obtained by iterative methods which do not always converge to a solution. In addition, the residual errors of the non-linear model typically are not identically distributed throughout the range of streamflow values. This problem adversely affects the precision of the parameter estimates. Weighted non-linear least squares can be used to improve the parameter estimates for the non-linear model, but the weights must be approximated and their appropriate form may be difficult to determine.</p>\n<p>A simulation study was done to evaluate: (1) the accuracy and precision of parameter estimates for the bias-corrected, transformed-linear and non-linear models obtained by the method of least squares; (2) the accuracy of mean suspended-sediment loads calculated by the flow-duration, rating-curve method using model parameters obtained by the alternative methods. Parameter estimates obtained by least squares for the bias-corrected, transformed-linear model were considerably more precise than those obtained for the non-linear or weighted non-linear model. The accuracy of parameter estimates obtained for the biascorrected, transformed-linear and weighted non-linear model was similar and was much greater than the accuracy obtained by non-linear least squares. The improved parameter estimates obtained by the biascorrected, transformed-linear or weighted non-linear model yield estimates of mean suspended-sediment load calculated by the flow-duration, rating-curve method that are more accurate and precise than those obtained for the non-linear model.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(91)90057-O","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Crawford, C.G., 1991, Estimation of suspended-sediment rating curves and mean suspended-sediment loads: Journal of Hydrology, v. 129, no. 1-4, p. 331-348, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(91)90057-O.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"331","endPage":"348","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223633,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"129","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0bb2e4b0c8380cd5282e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crawford, Charles G. 0000-0003-1653-7841 cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1653-7841","contributorId":1064,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"Charles","email":"cgcrawfo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":369872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2001485,"text":"2001485 - 1991 - Microwaves to remove skeletal bone from fish carcasses","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:00","indexId":"2001485","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":70,"text":"Research Information Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"22","title":"Microwaves to remove skeletal bone from fish carcasses","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"91-079/NF","usgsCitation":"Rottiers, D.V., 1991, Microwaves to remove skeletal bone from fish carcasses: Research Information Bulletin 22, 2 p.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"2","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199064,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a57e4b07f02db62e894","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rottiers, D. V.","contributorId":49301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rottiers","given":"D.","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015020,"text":"70015020 - 1991 - Crustal resistivity structure from magnetotelluric soundings in the Colorado Plateau-Basin and Range provinces, central and western Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-03T13:25:18.405972","indexId":"70015020","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Crustal resistivity structure from magnetotelluric soundings in the Colorado Plateau-Basin and Range provinces, central and western Arizona","docAbstract":"<div class=\"\"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Resistivity structure to about 25 km depth is defined from two-dimensional modeling of 29 magnetotelluric (MT) soundings (0.002–5 Hz) that traverse 280 km of the southwestern Colorado Plateau, transition zone, and Basin and Range provinces in Arizona. From the surface to 5 km depth, the MT model suggests structural relationships between low-resistivity sedimentary and volcanic rocks (50–300 ohm m) and high-resistivity granitic and gneissic basement (500–9000 ohm m). In the Basin and Range province, the MT model and a seismic reflection section show a generally consistent distribution of supracrustal rocks that have relatively low to moderate resistivity (MT) and relatively strong, locally coherent reflectivity. The supracrustal zone defined by these physical properties is inferred to be composed of upper plate rocks above a middle Tertiary detachment fault system which has been mapped in surrounding ranges. Some low-angle fault zones inferred from seismic reflections to extend into high resistivity basement below the supracrustal rocks are not resolved by the MT model. A low-resistivity zone with a conductance of 500 S or more is modeled in the crust at an average depth of about 15 km in the Basin and Range province and transition zone and may deepen below the southwestern part of the Colorado Plateau. In the Basin and Range province, the top of the low resistivity may correspond to a reflective layer with a 6-s two-way-travel time. This deep low-resistivity zone might be caused by a small fraction of connected hydrous solutions or silicic melts.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/91JB00483","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Klein, D.P., 1991, Crustal resistivity structure from magnetotelluric soundings in the Colorado Plateau-Basin and Range provinces, central and western Arizona: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 96, no. B7, p. 12313-12331, https://doi.org/10.1029/91JB00483.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"12313","endPage":"12331","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223688,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"B7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fce2e4b0c8380cd4e4b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klein, D. P.","contributorId":36555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klein","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":369873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":7000043,"text":"7000043 - 1991 - Prospecting for gold in the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:06","indexId":"7000043","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":363,"text":"General Interest Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Prospecting for gold in the United States","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/7000043","usgsCitation":"Kirkemo, H., 1991, Prospecting for gold in the United States: General Interest Publication, 19 p. : ill., map ; 23 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/7000043.","productDescription":"19 p. : ill., map ; 23 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":197862,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18611,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/prospect2/prospectgip.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db69672e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirkemo, Harold","contributorId":80639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirkemo","given":"Harold","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":344009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2000057,"text":"2000057 - 1991 - Walleye in Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:56","indexId":"2000057","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":217,"text":"Special Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"91-1","title":"Walleye in Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair","docAbstract":"The history and current status of walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) stocks in Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair are reviewed in relation to their exploitation by commercial and recreational fishermen, environmental factors, rehabilitation efforts, and community dynamics. Management initiatives and stock recovery under these processes are outlined.\rAfter the collapse of the fishery in 1957, the highly productive walleye stock of western Lake Erie remained depressed through the 1960s, while the eastern basin stock remained stable. Closure of the fishery for walleye from 1970-73 because of mercury contamination provided an opportunity for the development of an international interagency management plan. With quota management, the walleye stock in western Lake Erie responded well to limited exploitation, steadily increased, and expanded its range. As population expanded, growth began to decline and was more apparent in the young-of-the-year (YOY) in the 1970s, and in older walleye in the late 1970s and 1980s.\rAt the turn of the century, commercial harvest of walleye in Lake St. Clair ranged from 12-127 tonnes annually. A relatively stable period from 1910-59 was followed by significantly increased harvests (100-150 t) in 1959-65. This increase was a result of increased commercial exploitation as well as an increased abundance of walleye. After the mercury contamination problem of 1970, angling effort and harvest was reduced but then gradually increased in Ontario waters from 37 t in 1973 to 62 t in 1988. The increased mean age of the stock during the early 1970s was due to a few strong year-classes (1970, 1972, and 1974) as well as a period of stable or reduced catch per unit effort. With the current mean age not reduced significantly, the stocks of walleye should continue to provide good yields.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Status of walleye in the Great Lakes: case studies prepared for the 1989 workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Great Lakes Fishery Commission","publisherLocation":"Ann Arbor, MI","usgsCitation":"Nepszy, S., Davies, D., Einhouse, D., Hatch, R., Isbell, G., MacLennan, D., and Muth, K., 1991, Walleye in Lake Erie and Lake St. Clair: Special Publication 91-1, p. 145-168.","productDescription":"p. 145-168","startPage":"145","endPage":"168","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198949,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb814","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nepszy, S.J.","contributorId":96802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nepszy","given":"S.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325010,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davies, D.H.","contributorId":102976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davies","given":"D.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325012,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Einhouse, D.","contributorId":61125,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Einhouse","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hatch, R.W.","contributorId":68008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Isbell, G.","contributorId":18477,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Isbell","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"MacLennan, D.","contributorId":98012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacLennan","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325011,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Muth, K.M.","contributorId":6968,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muth","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":325006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70015002,"text":"70015002 - 1991 - Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary plutonism and deformation in the Skagit Gneiss Complex, north Cascade Range, Washington and British Columbia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-27T11:53:47.42529","indexId":"70015002","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1786,"text":"Geological Society of America Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary plutonism and deformation in the Skagit Gneiss Complex, north Cascade Range, Washington and British Columbia","docAbstract":"<p>The Skagit Gneiss Complex forms a more-or-less continuous terrane within the northern, more deeply eroded part of the North Cascade Range. The complex comprises abundant plutons intruded at mid-crustal depths into a variety of metamorphosed supracrustal rocks of both oceanic and volcanic-arc origin. A plethora of syntectonic pegmatite, small plutons, and granitic dikes gives the complex a migmatitic aspect.</p><p>U-Pb zircon ages from gneissic plutons within and near the Skagit Gneiss Complex indicate magmatic crystallization between 75 and 60 Ma. Deformation, recrystallization, and migmatization in part postdate intrusion of the 75-60 Ma plutons. This latest Cretaceous and earliest Tertiary plutonism and migmatization may reflect thermal relaxation following early Late Cretaceous orogeny documented else-where in the North Cascades.</p><p>The complex was ductilely extended northwest-southeast shortly after intrusion of granite dikes at ∼45 Ma, but before emplacement of the earliest (∼34 Ma) plutons of the Cascade arc. Outcrops of Late Cretaceous and earliest Tertiary plutons, migmatites of the Skagit Gneiss Complex, and rocks with young ductile deformation are roughly coextensive, all apparently marking a region of greater middle Eocene unroofing. Unroofing was apparently contemporaneous with east-west extension in the Okanogan region to the east and north-south and northwest-southeast strike-slip faulting within the North Cascades.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<1297:LCAETP>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Haugerud, R., Van Der Heyden, P., Tabor, R.W., Stacey, J.S., and Zartman, R., 1991, Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary plutonism and deformation in the Skagit Gneiss Complex, north Cascade Range, Washington and British Columbia: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 103, no. 10, p. 1297-1307, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<1297:LCAETP>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1297","endPage":"1307","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224286,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"British Columbia","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.78052502706436,\n              51.503705568778855\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.78052502706436,\n              47.12444497066605\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.27661877706427,\n              47.12444497066605\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.27661877706427,\n              51.503705568778855\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.78052502706436,\n              51.503705568778855\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"103","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44d4e4b0c8380cd66e01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haugerud, R. A. 0000-0001-7302-4351","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7302-4351","contributorId":42953,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haugerud","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Van Der Heyden, P.","contributorId":25708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Der Heyden","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tabor, R. W.","contributorId":16002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tabor","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369822,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stacey, J. S.","contributorId":72785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stacey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Zartman, R. E.","contributorId":15632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zartman","given":"R. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369821,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70015004,"text":"70015004 - 1991 - Satellite and earth science data management activities at the U.S. geological survey's EROS data center","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:58","indexId":"70015004","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Satellite and earth science data management activities at the U.S. geological survey's EROS data center","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey's Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center, the national archive for Landsat data, has 20 years of experience in acquiring, archiving, processing, and distributing Landsat and earth science data. The Center is expanding its satellite and earth science data management activities to support the U.S. Global Change Research Program and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth Observing System Program. The Center's current and future data management activities focus on land data and include: satellite and earth science data set acquisition, development and archiving; data set preservation, maintenance and conversion to more durable and accessible archive medium; development of an advanced Land Data Information System; development of enhanced data packaging and distribution mechanisms; and data processing, reprocessing, and product generation systems.","largerWorkTitle":"GIS/LIS 1991 ACSM-ASPRS Fall Convention","conferenceTitle":"1991 ACSM-ASPRS Fall Convention","conferenceDate":"28 October 1991 through 1 November 1991","conferenceLocation":"Atlanta, GA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASPRS","publisherLocation":"Bethesda, MD, United States","usgsCitation":"Carneggie, D.M., Metz, G.G., Draeger, W.C., and Thompson, R.J., 1991, Satellite and earth science data management activities at the U.S. geological survey's EROS data center, <i>in</i> GIS/LIS 1991 ACSM-ASPRS Fall Convention, Atlanta, GA, USA, 28 October 1991 through 1 November 1991.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224343,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b86cde4b08c986b316130","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carneggie, David M.","contributorId":62758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carneggie","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Metz, Gary G.","contributorId":45466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Metz","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Draeger, William C.","contributorId":46522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Draeger","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thompson, Ralph J.","contributorId":96837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thompson","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70016946,"text":"70016946 - 1991 - In situ bacterial selenate reduction in the agricultural drainage systems of western Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-20T18:30:32.616173","indexId":"70016946","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"In situ bacterial selenate reduction in the agricultural drainage systems of western Nevada","docAbstract":"<p>Dissimilatory in situ selenate reduction to elemental selenium in sediments from irrigated agricultural drainage regions of western Nevada was measured at ambient Se oxyanion concentrations. Selenate reduction was rapid, with turnover rate constants ranging from 0.04 to 1.8 h<sup>-1</sup> at total Se concentrations in pore water of 13 to 455 nM. Estimates of removal rates of selenium oxyanions were 14, 38, and 155 <span>μ</span>mol m<sup>-2</sup> day<sup>-1</sup> for South Lead Lake, Massie Slough, and Hunter Drain, respectively.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.57.2.615-617.1991","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Oremland, R., Steinberg, N., Presser, T.S., and Miller, L., 1991, In situ bacterial selenate reduction in the agricultural drainage systems of western Nevada: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 57, no. 2, p. 615-617, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.57.2.615-617.1991.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"617","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479696,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.57.2.615-617.1991","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":225139,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.60888671874999,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.970703125,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.05859375,\n              39.11301365149975\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.00439453125,\n              36.86204269508728\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.60888671874999,\n              42.00032514831621\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"57","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3999e4b0c8380cd6198f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oremland, R.S.","contributorId":97512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steinberg, N.A.","contributorId":29573,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinberg","given":"N.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Presser, T. S.","contributorId":93875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Presser","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miller, L.G.","contributorId":32522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"L.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":2002212,"text":"2002212 - 1991 - Biological studies in the impact zone of the liquefied gaseous fuels spill test facility in Frenchman Flat, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:55","indexId":"2002212","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":91,"text":"Technical Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"DOE/NV/10630-15","title":"Biological studies in the impact zone of the liquefied gaseous fuels spill test facility in Frenchman Flat, Nevada","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"Reynolds Electrical and Engineering Co., Inc.","usgsCitation":"Hunter, R., Saethre, M., Medica, P., Greger, P., and Romney, E., 1991, Biological studies in the impact zone of the liquefied gaseous fuels spill test facility in Frenchman Flat, Nevada: Technical Report DOE/NV/10630-15, 42 p.","productDescription":"42 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"42","numberOfPages":"42","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198934,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db62350a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hunter, R.B.","contributorId":29538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunter","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saethre, M.B.","contributorId":11536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saethre","given":"M.B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Medica, P.A.","contributorId":77079,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medica","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Greger, P.D.","contributorId":40698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greger","given":"P.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Romney, E.M.","contributorId":58372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romney","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70015001,"text":"70015001 - 1991 - Commentary on the sphalerite geobarometer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:59","indexId":"70015001","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Commentary on the sphalerite geobarometer","docAbstract":"The FeS content of sphalerite in assemblages with pyrite and pyrrhotite has been widely used and widely criticized as a geobarometer. The commonly accepted form of the geobarometer is based on the composition of sphalerite being independent of temperature below about 550??C at all pressures up to at least 10 kbar, but strong thermodynamic arguments require a significant temperature dependence in this region. Most minor components have a negligible effect on the relevant equilibria, but the effect of CuS is somewhat more significant. Molar and partial molar volumes for binary (ZnS-FeS) and ternary (ZnS-FeS-CuS) sphalerite solutions are presented; the ternary data are consistent with charge transfer between Cu and Fe. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0003004X","usgsCitation":"Toulmin, P., Barton, P.B., and Wiggins, L., 1991, Commentary on the sphalerite geobarometer: American Mineralogist, v. 76, no. 5-6, p. 1038-1051.","startPage":"1038","endPage":"1051","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7f0e4b0c8380cd4cdbb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Toulmin, P. III","contributorId":81244,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Toulmin","given":"P.","suffix":"III","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369820,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barton, P. B. Jr.","contributorId":23683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barton","given":"P.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wiggins, L.B.","contributorId":18776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiggins","given":"L.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":2002213,"text":"2002213 - 1991 - Predicting bighorn lamb survival from weather patterns in Canyonlands National Park, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:55","indexId":"2002213","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":91,"text":"Technical Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"CPSU/UNLV 031/08","title":"Predicting bighorn lamb survival from weather patterns in Canyonlands National Park, Utah","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","publisher":"National Park Service","usgsCitation":"Douglas, C.L., 1991, Predicting bighorn lamb survival from weather patterns in Canyonlands National Park, Utah: Technical Report CPSU/UNLV 031/08, 35 p.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"0","endPage":"35","numberOfPages":"35","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199015,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e821","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Douglas, C. L.","contributorId":64586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":326184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015174,"text":"70015174 - 1991 - Oil-generating coals of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-13T21:56:45.543185","indexId":"70015174","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Oil-generating coals of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<p><span>Coal beds of the Upper Cretaceous Fruitland Formation in the San Juan Basin of northwestern New Mexico and southwestern Colorado have significant liquid hydrocarbon generation potential as indicated by typical Rock-Eval Hydrogen Indexes in the range of 200–400 mg hydrocarbon/g organic carbon (type II and III organic matter). Small, non-commercial quantities of oil have been produced from the coal beds at several locations. The oils are characterized by high pristane/phytane (</span><i>ca</i><span>&nbsp;4) and pristane/</span><i>n</i><span>-C</span><sub>17</sub><span>&nbsp;ratios (</span><i>ca</i><span>&nbsp;1.2), abundant C</span><sub>21+</sub><span>&nbsp;alkanes in the C</span><sub>10+</sub><span>&nbsp;fraction with a slight predominance of odd carbon-numbered&nbsp;</span><i>n</i><span>-alkanes, abundant branched-chain alkanes in the C</span><sub>15+</sub><span>&nbsp;region, and a predominance of methylcyclohexane in the C</span><sub>4</sub><span>-C</span><sub>10</sub><span>&nbsp;fraction. The oils are indigenous to the Fruitland Formation coals and probably migrated at thermal maturities corresponding to vitrinite reflectance values in the range 0.7–0.8%. Although the oils found to date are not present in commercial amounts, these findings illustrate the potential of some coals to generate and expel oil under conditions of moderate thermal heating.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(91)90017-E","usgsCitation":"Clayton, J., Rice, D.D., and Michael, G., 1991, Oil-generating coals of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico and Colorado, U.S.A.: Organic Geochemistry, v. 17, no. 6, p. 735-742, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(91)90017-E.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"735","endPage":"742","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224136,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"San Juan Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -107.94540690178013,\n              37.372751134653996\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.94540690178013,\n              36.13610619679673\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.00232620104757,\n              36.13610619679673\n            ],\n            [\n              -106.00232620104757,\n              37.372751134653996\n            ],\n            [\n              -107.94540690178013,\n              37.372751134653996\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6d16e4b0c8380cd74f51","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clayton, J.L.","contributorId":76767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clayton","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370251,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rice, D. D.","contributorId":41828,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rice","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Michael, G.E.","contributorId":63456,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michael","given":"G.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015033,"text":"70015033 - 1991 - Herbicides in surface waters of the midwestern United States: The effect of spring flush","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-28T07:18:50","indexId":"70015033","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Herbicides in surface waters of the midwestern United States: The effect of spring flush","docAbstract":"<p>Approximately three-fourths of all preemergent herbicides used in the United States are applied to row crops over a 12-state area, called the \"corn belt\" (I). The application of these compounds may cause widespread degradation of water quality (2). Because herbicides are water soluble, there is the potential for leaching into groundwater and surface water (3, 4), as well as aerial transport and Occurrence in precipitation (5). Monitoring studies in the Midwest have shown widespread detection of herbicides in groundwater and in surface water (3,4); however, little is known about the regional impact of herbicide application (6). The objective of our research was to assess the mag. nitude and persistence of herbicide runoff in the spring flush at the regional scale.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es00022a018","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Thurman, E., Goolsby, D.A., Meyer, M.T., and Kolpin, D., 1991, Herbicides in surface waters of the midwestern United States: The effect of spring flush: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 25, no. 10, p. 1794-1796, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00022a018.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1794","endPage":"1796","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223798,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-87.800477,42.49192],[-87.812461,42.232278],[-87.511043,41.696535],[-87.187651,41.629653],[-86.616978,41.896625],[-86.321803,42.310743],[-86.208309,42.762789],[-86.540916,43.633158],[-86.25395,44.64808],[-86.066745,44.905685],[-85.780439,44.977932],[-85.540497,45.210169],[-85.641652,44.810816],[-85.520205,44.960347],[-85.477423,44.813781],[-85.355478,45.282774],[-84.91585,45.393115],[-85.110884,45.526285],[-84.94565,45.708621],[-85.011433,45.757962],[-84.774156,45.788918],[-83.488826,45.355872],[-83.291346,45.062597],[-83.435822,45.000012],[-83.277213,44.7167],[-83.335248,44.357995],[-83.890145,43.934672],[-83.909479,43.672622],[-83.618602,43.628891],[-83.227093,43.981003],[-82.833103,44.036851],[-82.643166,43.852468],[-82.423086,42.988728],[-82.509935,42.637294],[-82.648776,42.550401],[-82.630922,42.64211],[-82.780817,42.652232],[-83.40822,41.832654],[-83.37573,41.686647],[-82.481214,41.381342],[-81.69325,41.514161],[-80.533774,41.973475],[-80.518991,40.638801],[-80.667957,40.582496],[-80.619297,40.26517],[-80.88036,39.620706],[-81.656138,39.277355],[-81.874857,38.881174],[-82.068864,38.984878],[-82.318111,38.457876],[-82.569368,38.406258],[-82.611343,38.171548],[-82.474635,37.905902],[-81.982479,37.541807],[-83.128813,36.757864],[-83.690714,36.582581],[-88.011792,36.677025],[-88.127378,36.49854],[-89.5391,36.498201],[-89.733095,36.000608],[-90.368718,35.995812],[-90.075934,36.281485],[-90.157136,36.484317],[-94.617919,36.499414],[-94.699735,36.998805],[-102.000447,36.993249],[-102.051614,41.002377],[-104.039238,41.001502],[-104.043814,45.868385],[-96.618295,45.935407],[-96.554507,46.083978],[-96.798823,46.658071],[-96.851293,47.589264],[-97.139497,48.153108],[-97.108655,48.691484],[-97.238387,48.982631],[-95.153711,48.998903],[-95.153314,49.384358],[-94.878454,49.333193],[-94.640803,48.741171],[-93.818375,48.534442],[-92.984963,48.623731],[-92.634931,48.542873],[-92.698824,48.494892],[-92.341207,48.23248],[-92.066269,48.359602],[-91.542512,48.053268],[-90.88548,48.245784],[-90.703702,48.096009],[-89.489226,48.014528],[-90.86827,47.5569],[-92.058888,46.809938],[-91.942988,46.679939],[-90.880358,46.957661],[-90.78804,46.844886],[-90.920813,46.637432],[-90.398478,46.575832],[-88.982483,46.99883],[-88.400224,47.379551],[-87.816958,47.471998],[-87.730804,47.449112],[-88.349952,47.076377],[-88.462349,46.786711],[-88.167373,46.9588],[-87.915943,46.909508],[-87.619747,46.79821],[-87.366767,46.507303],[-86.850111,46.434114],[-86.188024,46.654008],[-84.964652,46.772845],[-84.969464,46.47629],[-84.177428,46.52692],[-84.097766,46.256512],[-84.247687,46.17989],[-83.931175,46.017871],[-83.63498,46.103953],[-83.49484,45.999541],[-84.345451,45.946569],[-84.656567,46.052654],[-84.820557,45.868293],[-85.047028,46.020603],[-85.528403,46.087121],[-85.663966,45.967013],[-86.278007,45.942057],[-86.687208,45.634253],[-86.532989,45.882665],[-86.92106,45.697868],[-87.018902,45.838886],[-88.027103,44.578992],[-87.943801,44.529693],[-87.428144,44.890738],[-87.021088,45.296541],[-87.73063,43.893862],[-87.910172,43.236634],[-87.800477,42.49192]]],[[[-88.684434,48.115785],[-88.447236,48.182916],[-89.022736,47.858532],[-89.255202,47.876102],[-88.684434,48.115785]]],[[[-86.880572,45.331467],[-86.956192,45.351179],[-86.82177,45.427602],[-86.880572,45.331467]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Iowa\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","volume":"25","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3070e4b0c8380cd5d64c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goolsby, D. A.","contributorId":50508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goolsby","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Meyer, M. T.","contributorId":92279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Meyer","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kolpin, D.W.","contributorId":87565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolpin","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70015030,"text":"70015030 - 1991 - Mass sediment failure and transport features revealed by acoustic techniques, Beringian Margin, Bering Sea, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-24T18:59:03","indexId":"70015030","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2670,"text":"Marine Geotechnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mass sediment failure and transport features revealed by acoustic techniques, Beringian Margin, Bering Sea, Alaska","docAbstract":"Some of the largest single slide masses, including huge blocks tens of kilometers wide, occur on the rise of the central margin. Sliding of these blocks may have initiated the incision of some of the world's largest submarine canyons. One mass failure, particularly well defined by GLORIA, is 55 km long. This slide and others along the plateau are associated with diapiric-like structures indicative of relatively recent tectonism. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geotechnology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/10641199109379881","issn":"03608867","usgsCitation":"Carlson, P., Karl, H.A., and Edwards, B.D., 1991, Mass sediment failure and transport features revealed by acoustic techniques, Beringian Margin, Bering Sea, Alaska: Marine Geotechnology, v. 10, no. 1-2, p. 33-51, https://doi.org/10.1080/10641199109379881.","startPage":"33","endPage":"51","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":268173,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10641199109379881"},{"id":223795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5255e4b0c8380cd6c322","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, P.R.","contributorId":97055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karl, Herman A.","contributorId":80649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Herman","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Edwards, B. D.","contributorId":27056,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Edwards","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70178159,"text":"70178159 - 1991 - Chemometric comparison of polychlorinated biphenyl residues and toxicologically active polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in the eggs of Forster's Terns (<i>Sterna fosteri</i>)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-17T15:57:24","indexId":"70178159","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemometric comparison of polychlorinated biphenyl residues and toxicologically active polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in the eggs of Forster's Terns (<i>Sterna fosteri</i>)","docAbstract":"<p class=\"Para\">The separation and characterization of complex mixtures of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is approached from the perspective of a problem in chemometrics. A technique for quantitative determination of PCB congeners is described as well as an enrichment technique designed to isolate only those congener residues which induce mixed aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase enzyme activity. A congener-specific procedure is utilized for the determination of PCBs in which<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">n</i>-alkyl trichloroacetates are used as retention index marker compounds. Retention indices are reproducible in the range of ±0.05 to ±0.7 depending on the specific congener. A laboratory data base system developed to aid in the editing and quantitation of data generated from capillary gas chromatography was employed to quantitate chromatographic data. Data base management was provided by computer programs written in VAX-DSM (Digital Standard MUMPS) for the VAX-DEC (Digital Equipment Corp.) family of computers.</p><p class=\"Para\">In the chemometric evaluation of these complex chromatographic profiles, data are viewed from a single analysis as a point in multi-dimensional space. Principal Components Analysis was used to obtain a representation of the data in a lower dimensional space. Two-and three-dimensional proections based on sample scores from the principal components models were used to visualize the behavior of Aroclor<sup>®</sup> mixtures. These models can be used to determine if new sample profiles may be represented by Aroclor profiles. Concentrations of individual congeners of a given chlorine substitution may be summed to form homologue concentration. However, the use of homologue concentrations in classification studies with environmental samples can lead to erroneous conclusions about sample similarity. Chemometric applications are discussed for evaluation of Aroclor mixture analysis and compositional description of environmental residues of PCBs in eggs of Forster's terns (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Sterna fosteri</i>) collected from colonies near Lake Poygan and Green Bay, Wisconsin. The application of chemometrics is extended to the comparison of: a) Aroclors and PCB-containing environmental samples; to b) fractions of Aroclors and of environmental samples that have been enriched in congeners which induce mixed aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase enzyme activity.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01055903","usgsCitation":"Schwartz, T.R., and Stalling, D.L., 1991, Chemometric comparison of polychlorinated biphenyl residues and toxicologically active polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in the eggs of Forster's Terns (<i>Sterna fosteri</i>): Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 20, no. 2, p. 183-199, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01055903.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"183","endPage":"199","costCenters":[{"id":192,"text":"Columbia Environmental Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":330745,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"581d9e2ee4b0dee4cc90cbfb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schwartz, Ted R.","contributorId":36510,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Ted","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stalling, David L.","contributorId":176670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stalling","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":653062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1008154,"text":"1008154 - 1991 - A new tool for safely killing venomous snakes in the field","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:36","indexId":"1008154","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A new tool for safely killing venomous snakes in the field","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Fish and Game","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Jennings, M., and Vindum, J., 1991, A new tool for safely killing venomous snakes in the field: California Fish and Game, v. 77, no. 2, p. 103-105.","productDescription":"p. 103-105","startPage":"103","endPage":"105","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132432,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6ab9b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jennings, M.R.","contributorId":18296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vindum, J.V.","contributorId":61784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vindum","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1008047,"text":"1008047 - 1991 - Attachment method for radio transmitters on mallard ducklings","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:35","indexId":"1008047","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Attachment method for radio transmitters on mallard ducklings","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Fish and Game","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Orthmeyer, D., 1991, Attachment method for radio transmitters on mallard ducklings: California Fish and Game, v. 77, no. 1, p. 22-26.","productDescription":"p. 22-26","startPage":"22","endPage":"26","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132841,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668c45","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Orthmeyer, D.L.","contributorId":84684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orthmeyer","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1008068,"text":"1008068 - 1991 - The evolution of National Park Service fire policy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:26","indexId":"1008068","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1638,"text":"Fire Management Notes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The evolution of National Park Service fire policy","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fire Management Notes","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"van Wagtendonk, J., 1991, The evolution of National Park Service fire policy: Fire Management Notes, v. 52, no. 4, p. 10-15.","productDescription":"p. 10-15","startPage":"10","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130932,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65dc62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Wagtendonk, J. W.","contributorId":85111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Wagtendonk","given":"J. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1014561,"text":"1014561 - 1991 - Feather meal can displace fish meal aquaculture rations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:28","indexId":"1014561","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1629,"text":"Feedstuffs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feather meal can displace fish meal aquaculture rations","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Feedstuffs","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"93-005/TL","usgsCitation":"Hughes, S., 1991, Feather meal can displace fish meal aquaculture rations: Feedstuffs, no. September, p. 11-13.","productDescription":"p. 11-13","startPage":"11","endPage":"13","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132212,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"September","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fee4b07f02db5f7230","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hughes, S.","contributorId":10384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hughes","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1008067,"text":"1008067 - 1991 - Two Incubating mallards move eggs to drier nest sites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-20T11:48:50","indexId":"1008067","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3111,"text":"Prairie Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Two Incubating mallards move eggs to drier nest sites","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Prairie Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Fleskes, J., 1991, Two Incubating mallards move eggs to drier nest sites: Prairie Naturalist, v. 23, no. 1, p. 49-50.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"50","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db623b5e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleskes, J. P.","contributorId":98661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleskes","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":1008066,"text":"1008066 - 1991 - Rare Plant Monitoring and Management at Point Reyes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:26","indexId":"1008066","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3014,"text":"Park Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rare Plant Monitoring and Management at Point Reyes","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Park Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Fellers, G.M., and Norris, V., 1991, Rare Plant Monitoring and Management at Point Reyes: Park Science, v. 11, no. 1, p. 20-21.","productDescription":"p. 20-21","startPage":"20","endPage":"21","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":130930,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649350","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fellers, Gary M. 0000-0003-4092-0285 gary_fellers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4092-0285","contributorId":3150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fellers","given":"Gary","email":"gary_fellers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":316675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Norris, Virginia","contributorId":38081,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Norris","given":"Virginia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":316676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1008544,"text":"1008544 - 1991 - Computerized data base for exotic fishes: the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:38","indexId":"1008544","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Computerized data base for exotic fishes: the western United States","docAbstract":"Abstract not supplied at this time","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Fish and Game","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Williams, J., and Jennings, D.P., 1991, Computerized data base for exotic fishes: the western United States: California Fish and Game, v. 77, no. 2, p. 86-93.","productDescription":"p. 86-93","startPage":"86","endPage":"93","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":275,"text":"Florida Integrated Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132659,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"77","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a62c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, J.D.","contributorId":74701,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jennings, Dawn P.","contributorId":107659,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jennings","given":"Dawn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70182163,"text":"70182163 - 1991 - Mortality of seabirds in the Japanese land-based gillnet fishery for salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-12-14T07:29:08","indexId":"70182163","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mortality of seabirds in the Japanese land-based gillnet fishery for salmon","docAbstract":"<p><span>Mortality rates of seabirds in the Japanese land-based drift gillnet fishery for salmon were assessed from 413 gillnet sets made by Japanese research vessels in offshore areas used by the commercial fleet. Sixteen species of seabirds were recorded in nets. Shearwaters, primarily Short-tailed Shearwaters (<i>Puffinus tenuirostris</i>), and to a lesser extent Sooty Shearwaters (<i>P. griseus</i>), predominated in the catches, followed by lesser numbers of Tufted Puffins (<i>Fratercula cirrhata</i>) and Thick-billed Murres (<i>Uria lomvia</i>). Catch-rates of seabirds varied by oceanographic zone, with most being caught in oceanic waters north of the Subarctic Front. Approximately 151,000 seabirds were killed in the offshore component of the land-based fishery in 1977. Mortality was reduced to about 57,000 seabirds in 1987 because of a reduction in fishing effort. No estimates are available of seabird mortality in the nearshore component of the fishery. Mortality of seabirds in the land-based fishery is discussed with respect to other major drift gillnet fisheries in the North Pacific.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1368940","usgsCitation":"DeGange, A.R., and Day, R.H., 1991, Mortality of seabirds in the Japanese land-based gillnet fishery for salmon: The Condor, v. 93, no. 2, p. 251-258, https://doi.org/10.2307/1368940.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"251","endPage":"258","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335813,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              146.95312499999997,\n              43.26120612479979\n            ],\n            [\n              156.62109374999997,\n              48.574789910928864\n            ],\n            [\n              158.81835937499997,\n              51.069016659603896\n            ],\n            [\n              154.775390625,\n              52.3755991766591\n            ],\n            [\n              149.85351562499997,\n              49.15296965617042\n            ],\n            [\n              145.98632812499997,\n              46.195042108660154\n            ],\n            [\n              144.140625,\n              45.521743896993634\n            ],\n            [\n              146.95312499999997,\n              43.26120612479979\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"93","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a819b9e4b025c46429afe7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DeGange, Anthony R. tdegange@usgs.gov","contributorId":139765,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeGange","given":"Anthony","email":"tdegange@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":669851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Day, Robert H.","contributorId":74446,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Day","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70182160,"text":"70182160 - 1991 - Evidence for color phase effects on the breeding and life history of Northern Fulmars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-17T12:40:57","indexId":"70182160","displayToPublicDate":"1991-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for color phase effects on the breeding and life history of Northern Fulmars","docAbstract":"<p><span>About 15% of Northern Fulmars (<i>Fulmarus glacialis</i>) breeding on the Semidi Islands in 1979 had light-phase plumage; the remainder were dark. Fulmars of different plumage types mated indiscriminantly, but the lighter member of a mixed pair was more likely to be male than female. Pairs that included at least one light-phase member had lower breeding success than dark/dark pairs in one of six years. Constancy of breeding site use differed between light/dark and dark/dark pairs, suggesting dark birds skipped more breeding attempts or had lower over-winter survival than light birds. The apparent effect of breeding experience (assessed by site fidelity) on success also differed between pair types. The polymorphism on the Semidi Islands may result from light-phase fulmars immigrating from the Bering Sea, but there is also evidence to suggest it is maintained by balancing selection in a closed population.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1368957","usgsCitation":"Hatch, S.A., 1991, Evidence for color phase effects on the breeding and life history of Northern Fulmars: The Condor, v. 93, no. 2, p. 409-417, https://doi.org/10.2307/1368957.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"409","endPage":"417","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/condor/vol93/iss2/20","text":"External Repository"},{"id":335811,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Aleutian Islands, Gulf of Alaska, Semidi Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -157.0330810546875,\n              55.94919982336744\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.4947509765625,\n              55.94919982336744\n            ],\n            [\n              -156.4947509765625,\n              56.298253152913865\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.0330810546875,\n              56.298253152913865\n            ],\n            [\n              -157.0330810546875,\n              55.94919982336744\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"93","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a819b9e4b025c46429afea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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