A Lagrangian reference frame is used to solve the convection‐dispersion equation and interpret water‐quality data obtained from the Chattahoochee River. The model was calibrated using unsteady concentrations of organic nitrogen, ammonia, and nitrite plus nitrate obtained during June 1977 and verified using data obtained during August 1976. Reaction kinetics of the cascade type are shown to provide a reasonable description of the nitrogenspecies processes in the Chattahoochee River. The conceptual model is easy to visualize in the physical sense and the output includes information that is not easily determined from an Eulerian approach, but which is very helpful in model calibration and data interpretation. For example, the model output allows one to determine which data are of most value in model calibration or verification.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1987)113:2(223)","issn":"07339372","usgsCitation":"Jobson, H., 1987, Langrangian model of nitrogen kinetics in the Chattahoochee River: Journal of Environmental Engineering, v. 113, no. 2, p. 223-242, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1987)113:2(223).","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"223","endPage":"242","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225451,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"113","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a446ee4b0c8380cd66ad5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jobson, H.E.","contributorId":44952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jobson","given":"H.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014823,"text":"70014823 - 1987 - Regional geochemical studies in parts of Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-17T23:50:25.988141","indexId":"70014823","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional geochemical studies in parts of Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"A geochemical survey of the Sherbrooke and Lewiston 1° × 2° quadrangles was conducted from 1979 to 1982 by the U.S. Geological Survey as part of the Conterminous United States Mineral Assessment Program. The area covers about 23,000 km2. The region is characterized by a temperate climate, abundant rainfall, and dense forests. The topography ranges from rolling and subdued to mountainous. Bedrock is generally covered by glacial deposits, lakes, and bogs. The bedrock includes metamorphic and plutonic rocks ranging in age from Precambrian to Cretaceous. Known mineral deposits within the area include massive-sulfide deposits, Cu-Mo porphyry deposits, minor base-metal vein deposits, minor Sn-bearing vein deposits, and minor Be-bearing skarn deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(87)90074-4","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Nowlan, G., Canney, F., Howd, F.H., and Domenico, J.A., 1987, Regional geochemical studies in parts of Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont, U.S.A.: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 29, no. 1-3, p. 129-150, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(87)90074-4.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"150","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225278,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a4dae4b0e8fec6cdbca7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nowlan, G.A.","contributorId":99131,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nowlan","given":"G.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Canney, F. C.","contributorId":24790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Canney","given":"F. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Howd, F. H.","contributorId":52965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howd","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Domenico, J. A.","contributorId":12028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domenico","given":"J.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":1014166,"text":"1014166 - 1987 - Feed conversion indices: Controversy or convention?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-29T15:42:26.171485","indexId":"1014166","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Feed conversion indices: Controversy or convention?","docAbstract":"Various methods of calculating and reporting the efficiency of food use in fish husbandry are examined. The effects of moisture content of feed and fish flesh, supplemental feeds augmented with natural feed items, differences in energy content due to feed formulations, and the usefulness of the various feed efficiency indices to aquaculturists and fish husbandry researchers are discussed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1987)49%3C161:FCI%3E2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Parker, N., 1987, Feed conversion indices: Controversy or convention?: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 49, no. 3, p. 161-166, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1987)49%3C161:FCI%3E2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"166","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132072,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"49","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fde4b07f02db5f5f1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parker, N. C.","contributorId":101209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"N. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014787,"text":"70014787 - 1987 - Diatoms and tonsteins as paleoenvironmental and paleodepositional indicators in a Miocene coal bed, Costa Rica.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-16T21:00:06","indexId":"70014787","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3000,"text":"Palaios","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Diatoms and tonsteins as paleoenvironmental and paleodepositional indicators in a Miocene coal bed, Costa Rica.","docAbstract":"The Venado Formation is composed of more than 300 m of mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, limestone, volcaniclastics, and coal beds. The coal beds are of unknown lateral extent and mainly occur in the middle part of the formation. Diatoms are a useful microscopic tool for identifying the depositional environments. They indicate that swamp environments were intermixed with lacustrine environments during the formation of the peat deposit or that the coal records environmental changes through time. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Palaios","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.2307/3514643","usgsCitation":"Sanchez, J., Bradbury, J., Bohor, B., and Coates, D.A., 1987, Diatoms and tonsteins as paleoenvironmental and paleodepositional indicators in a Miocene coal bed, Costa Rica.: Palaios, v. 2, no. 2, p. 158-164, https://doi.org/10.2307/3514643.","startPage":"158","endPage":"164","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225728,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":265783,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3514643"}],"volume":"2","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a00ade4b0c8380cd4f865","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sanchez, J. D.","contributorId":35292,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sanchez","given":"J. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradbury, J.P.","contributorId":14431,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bohor, B.F.","contributorId":96351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bohor","given":"B.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Coates, D. A.","contributorId":63096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Coates","given":"D.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70014213,"text":"70014213 - 1987 - Chemical structural studies of natural lignin by dipolar dephasing solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-14T21:47:43.893589","indexId":"70014213","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chemical structural studies of natural lignin by dipolar dephasing solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance","docAbstract":"Two natural lignins, one from a gymnosperm wood the other from angiosperm wood, were examined by conventional solid-state and dipolar dephasing 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. The results obtained from both techniques show that the structure of natural lignins is consistent with models of softwood and hardwood lignin. The dipolar dephasing NMR data provide a measure of the degree of substitution on aromatic rings which is consistent with the models.
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\"}}]}","volume":"11","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f596e4b0c8380cd4c2d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatcher, Patrick G.","contributorId":93625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014207,"text":"70014207 - 1987 - Sedimentation across the central California oxygen minimum zone: an alternative coastal upwelling sequence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-20T23:21:01.592141","indexId":"70014207","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2450,"text":"Journal of Sedimentary Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentation across the central California oxygen minimum zone: an alternative coastal upwelling sequence","docAbstract":"Distribution, abundance, and diversity of terrigenous, authigenous, and biogenous material provide evidence of the effect of bottom currents and oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) on continental slope sedimentation offshore central California. Box core samples and bottom photographs collected across the oxygen minimum zone of the coastal upwelling system were analyzed for lithologic and biologic trends. Three major OMZ facies are identified, along the upper and lower edges of the OMZ and one at its core. The upper boundary (525 m) of the central California OMZ (< 0.5 ml/liter O 2 ) is characterized by glauconitic gravelly sands relatively depleted in detrital silicates and enriched in carbonate and total organic carbon (TOC). These upper-boundary sands also have a maximum macrofauna density and a high abundance of foraminiferal fragments (> 80% of total forams) with Cassidulina the dominant benthic foraminifer. With increasing water depth, decreasing current speed, and dissolved oxygen content toward the core of the OMZ (750 m), grain size, glauconite, carbonate, TOC, and foraminiferal fragments all decrease as the abundance of mica and detrital silicates increase. The greatest number of genera of benthic foraminifera occurs at the core of the OMZ where their relative concentration is at a minimum and Bolivina is the dominant genus. No heavily calcified macrofauna were found at the core of the OMZ; however, near-surface sediments are highly bioturbated. As the lower boundary (1,025 m) of the OMZ is approached, grain size and abundance of detrital silicates continue to decrease as glauconite disappears. Concomitantly, the relative abundance of mica, carbonate, TOC, siliceous microfauna, benthic foraminifers, and foram fragments increase. The benthic foraminifer population consists largely (> 40%) of Globobulimina and Praeglobobulimina . The lower edge of the OMZ is highlighted by a distinct peak of fecal pellets (25% of sand-size material). Lithofacies and biofacies associated with the OMZ are controlled by an interplay of oceanic circulation, dissolved oxygen concentrations, and possibly by increased biological activity within the OMZ edge environment and slight changes in the slope gradient. Recognition of key lithofacies and biofacies trends may prove to be powerful paleoenvironmental/paleoceanographic indicators and may be useful in identifying ancient zones of upwelling analogous to the modern central California system where phosphorites, organic-rich shales, and/or chert are absent.
Ninety-four Black Skimmer (Rhynchops niger) nests on a dredged-material island colony near Laguna Vista, Texas, were fenced and monitored in 1984 from early incubation until 21 d after the last egg hatched. The daily probability of success was greater during the nestling (99.7%/d/nest) period than during the incubation (98.5%) or hatching (98.5%) periods. By contrast, the success of eggs or young in successful nests was greater during the incubation (91.3%) and hatching (84.3%) periods than the nestling period (63.8%). An estimated 1.1 young/nest survived to 21 d of age. DDE concentrations in eggs were lower in 1984 than in eggs from the same colony in 1979-1981. DDE was higher in eggs taken from nests where none of the remaining eggs hatched (x̄ = 5.9 ppm) compared to eggs taken from nests where all the remaining eggs hatched (x̄ = 1.9 ppm).
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","usgsCitation":"Custer, T.W., and Mitchell, C.A., 1987, Organochlorine contaminants and reproductive success of black skimmers in south Texas, 1984: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 58, no. 4, p. 480-489.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"480","endPage":"489","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131474,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":409418,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/4513272","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Laguna Vista","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.31939936291828,\n 26.118278148387446\n ],\n [\n -97.31939936291828,\n 26.06647758164246\n ],\n [\n -97.24483890363712,\n 26.06647758164246\n ],\n [\n -97.24483890363712,\n 26.118278148387446\n ],\n [\n -97.31939936291828,\n 26.118278148387446\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"58","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a8c6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3170-6519 tcuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":2835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, Christine A.","contributorId":35849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":7000007,"text":"7000007 - 1987 - Eruptions of Hawaiian volcanoes : past, present, and future","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7000007,"text":"7000007 - 1987 - Eruptions of Hawaiian volcanoes : past, present, and future","indexId":"7000007","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"title":"Eruptions of Hawaiian volcanoes : past, present, and future"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":98979,"text":"gip117 - 2010 - Eruptions of Hawaiian volcanoes—Past, present, and future","indexId":"gip117","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Eruptions of Hawaiian volcanoes—Past, present, and future"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":98979,"text":"gip117 - 2010 - Eruptions of Hawaiian volcanoes—Past, present, and future","indexId":"gip117","publicationYear":"2010","noYear":false,"title":"Eruptions of Hawaiian volcanoes—Past, present, and future"},"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:51","indexId":"7000007","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":363,"text":"General Interest Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Eruptions of Hawaiian volcanoes : past, present, and future","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/7000007","usgsCitation":"Tilling, R.I., Heliker, C.C., and Wright, T., 1987, Eruptions of Hawaiian volcanoes : past, present, and future: General Interest Publication, 54 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 22 x 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/7000007.","productDescription":"54 p. : col. ill., col. maps ; 22 x 28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":134285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18582,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/hawaii/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ee4b07f02db5fde8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tilling, Robert I. 0000-0003-4263-7221 rtilling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7221","contributorId":2567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilling","given":"Robert","email":"rtilling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":343953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heliker, Christina C.","contributorId":68695,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heliker","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wright, Thomas L. twright@usgs.gov","contributorId":3890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Thomas L.","email":"twright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":343954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014583,"text":"70014583 - 1987 - Biogeochemical cycling in an organic-rich coastal marine basin. 7. Sulfur mass balance, oxygen uptake and sulfide retention","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-03T15:40:12.640827","indexId":"70014583","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biogeochemical cycling in an organic-rich coastal marine basin. 7. Sulfur mass balance, oxygen uptake and sulfide retention","docAbstract":"Sulfur and oxygen fluxes were quantified in the seasonally varying anoxic marine sedimentary system of Cape Lookout Bight, N.C., U.S.A. Over the three year study period, 1981–1983, the mean annual sulfate reduction rate was determined to be 18.2 ± 1.6 moles · m−2 · y−1. This value, added to the estimate of the detrital sulfur input of 1.2 ± 4.4 gave a total sulfur input of 19.4 ± 4.7 moles · m−2 · y−1. The sulfide flux to the sediment-water interface, measured in anaerobic benthic chambers was 4.6 ± 0.5 moles · m−2 · y−1, and represented 37% of the annual oxygen uptake rate of 25.2 ± 2.8 moles · m−2 · y−1. The sulfide burial rate, determined to be 15.5 ± 3.1 moles · m−2 · y−1, was within 5% of the value predicted by summing the fluxes at the sediment-water interface. The
The sulfide retention rate in these rapidly accumulating sediments (10 cm/yr) was 77 ± 19%. Comparison of this result with previous studies shows that rapid sediment accumulation and the lack of bioturbation control this unusually high degree of sulfide retention.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(87)90211-0","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Chanton, J., Martens, C., and Goldhaber, M., 1987, Biogeochemical cycling in an organic-rich coastal marine basin. 7. Sulfur mass balance, oxygen uptake and sulfide retention: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 51, no. 5, p. 1187-1199, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(87)90211-0.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1187","endPage":"1199","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225585,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f151e4b0c8380cd4abab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chanton, J. P.","contributorId":7429,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chanton","given":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Martens, C.S.","contributorId":42718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martens","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goldhaber, M. B. 0000-0002-1785-4243","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":103280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"M. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368728,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185416,"text":"70185416 - 1987 - Did the 1982-1983 El Niño-Southern Oscillation Affect Seabirds in Alaska? ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-23T11:14:42","indexId":"70185416","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Did the 1982-1983 El Niño-Southern Oscillation Affect Seabirds in Alaska? ","docAbstract":"The causes and effects of the oceanographic and atmospheric phenomena known as El Nino and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have been studied intensively in recent years (Cane 1983, Rasmusson and Wallace 1983, Barber and Chave 1983, Cane and Zebiak 1985). ENSOs occur at semiregular intervals of 3-4 years, and the stronger events have important biological consequences, including reduced breeding success and survival of seabirds in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Boersma 1978, Barber and Chavez 983, Schreiber and Schreiber 1984, Duffy 1986). The ENSO event of 1982-1983 was perhaps the strongest of this century Cane 1983), and there is evidence that seabird populations as far north as the Oregon coast (42-46'N) were adversely affected (Hodder and Graybill 1985, Bayer 1986). Here I examine evidence for similar effects on seabirds along the Alaskan coast.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","usgsCitation":"Hatch, S.A., 1987, Did the 1982-1983 El Niño-Southern Oscillation Affect Seabirds in Alaska? : The Wilson Bulletin, v. 99, no. 3, p. 468-474.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"468","endPage":"474","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337993,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":337992,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wjoonline.org/?code=wors-site","text":"Journal's Homepage"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"99","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d23b9ae4b0236b68f829ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70186206,"text":"70186206 - 1987 - Satellites sense rangeland wildfire hazard (summary)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-31T13:41:53","indexId":"70186206","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1638,"text":"Fire Management Notes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Satellites sense rangeland wildfire hazard (summary)","docAbstract":"Each day, one or more National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) satellites, passing over Nebraska, beam back to receiving stations on earth an enormous amount of information about what they sense below. The Nebraska Forest Service has been investigating the possible use of some of this information to evaluate the fire danger on range and grasslands in the State. Dryness of grasses and other vegetation has an obvious effect on how easily wildfires can start and how fast they spread. Dryness, in turn, is related to the greenness of the vegetation. It is this greenness factor that can be calculated from satellite measurements.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Westover, D., and Sadowski, F.G., 1987, Satellites sense rangeland wildfire hazard (summary): Fire Management Notes, v. 48, no. 1, p. 9-11.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"9","endPage":"11","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338969,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.fs.fed.us/fire/fmt/fmt_pdfs/048_01.pdf"},{"id":338970,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58df6acfe4b02ff32c6aeaa5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Westover, Donald","contributorId":190232,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Westover","given":"Donald","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sadowski, Franklin G.","contributorId":91552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadowski","given":"Franklin","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687878,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015250,"text":"70015250 - 1987 - The distribution of nitrogen species and adsorption of ammonium in sediments from the tidal Potomac River and estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-12T00:27:14.872218","indexId":"70015250","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The distribution of nitrogen species and adsorption of ammonium in sediments from the tidal Potomac River and estuary","docAbstract":"The distribution of dissolved ammonium, adsorbed ammonium and residual, organic and total nitrogen was measured in Potomac River tidal, transition zone and lower estuary sediments to a depth of 66 cm. For these sediments, exchangeable ammonium, and thereby adsorbed ammonium concentrations, were determined directly using an ammonia electrode in alkaline sediment suspensions. Ammonia electrode data were comparable to data obtained by KCl extraction of fresh sediment. The conventional unitless ammonium adsorption coefficient, calculated as the slope of the regression line drawn when sediment-adsorbed ammonium (μmol g−1 dry wt of sediment) is plotted against interstitial water ammonium (μmol g−1 dry wt sediment), is 1·5 for this system. When a modified ammonium adsorption coefficient is calculated from sediment-adsorbed ammonium concentrations and a ratio of interstitial water ammonium and potassium concentrations, the regression equation through the data has a zero intercept and is more nearly linear than the regression equation of data based on conventional calculations. The use of a ratio including ammonium and potassium concentrations in the interstitial water term takes into account ionic strength variations in the estuary and competition between ammonium and potassium for adsorption sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0272-7714(87)90022-9","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Simon, N., and Kennedy, M., 1987, The distribution of nitrogen species and adsorption of ammonium in sediments from the tidal Potomac River and estuary: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 25, no. 1, p. 11-26, https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7714(87)90022-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"11","endPage":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223592,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.34207852684263,\n 38.06886994683887\n ],\n [\n -76.40551007139837,\n 38.17781945022364\n ],\n [\n -76.42876830440225,\n 38.20606984048669\n ],\n 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N.S.","contributorId":103272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"N.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370468,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, M.M.","contributorId":10817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370467,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015238,"text":"70015238 - 1987 - Influence of late Quaternary climatic changes on geomorphic and pedogenic processes on a desert piedmont, Eastern Mojave Desert, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-26T07:19:40","indexId":"70015238","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of late Quaternary climatic changes on geomorphic and pedogenic processes on a desert piedmont, Eastern Mojave Desert, California","docAbstract":"Radiocarbon dating of late Quaternary deposits and shorelines of Lake Mojave and cation-ratio numerical age dating of stone pavements (Dorn, 1984) on the adjacent Soda Mountains piedmont provide age constraints for alluvial and eolian deposits. These deposits are associated with climatically controlled stands of Lake Mojave during the past 15,000 yr. Six alluvial fan units and three eolian stratigraphic units were assigned ages based on field relations with dated shorelines and piedmont surfaces, as well as on soil-geomorphic data. All but one of these stratigraphic units were deposited in response to time-transgressive climatic changes beginning approximately 10,000 yr ago. Increased eolian flux rates occurred in response to the lowering of Lake Mojave and a consequent increase in fine-sediment availability. Increased rates of deposition of eolian fines and associated salts influenced pedogenesis, stone-pavement development, and runoff-infiltration relations by (1) enhancing mechanical weathering of fan surfaces and hillslopes and (2) forming clay- and silt-rich surface horizons which decrease infiltration. Changes in alluvial-fan source areas from hillslopes to piedmonts during the Holocene reflect runoff reduction on hillslopes caused by colluvial mantle development and runoff enhancement on piedmonts caused by the development of less-permeable soils. Inferred increased in early to middle Holocene monsoonal activity resulted in high-magnitude paleo-sheetflood events on older fan pavements; this runoff triggered piedmont dissection which, in turn, caused increased sediment availability along channel walls. Thus, runoff-infiltration changes during the late Quaternary have occurred in response to eolian deposition of fines, pedogenesis, increased sheetflood activity in the Holocene, and vegetational changes which are related to many complicated linkages among climatic change, lake fluctuations, and eolian, hillslope, and alluvial-fan processes. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(87)90072-X","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Wells, S.G., McFadden, L.D., and Dohrenwend, J.C., 1987, Influence of late Quaternary climatic changes on geomorphic and pedogenic processes on a desert piedmont, Eastern Mojave Desert, California: Quaternary Research, v. 27, no. 2, p. 130-146, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90072-X.","startPage":"130","endPage":"146","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266534,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(87)90072-X"},{"id":224295,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b4be4b0c8380cd623de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wells, S. G.","contributorId":81257,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wells","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McFadden, L. D.","contributorId":15765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McFadden","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dohrenwend, J. C.","contributorId":40960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dohrenwend","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015237,"text":"70015237 - 1987 - Stable isotope compositions and water contents of boninite series volcanic rocks from Chichi-jima, Bonin Islands, Japan","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-10T21:28:00.671934","indexId":"70015237","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stable isotope compositions and water contents of boninite series volcanic rocks from Chichi-jima, Bonin Islands, Japan","docAbstract":"Measurements of stable isotope compositions and water contents of boninite series volcanic rocks from the island of Chichi-jima, Bonin Islands, Japan, confirm that a large amount (1.6–2.4 wt.%) of primary water was present in these unusual magmas. An enrichment of 0.6‰ in18O during differentiation is explained by crystallization of18O-depleted mafic phases. Silicic glasses have elevated δ18O values and relatively low δD values indicating that they were modified by low-temperature alteration and hydration processes. Mafic glasses, on the other hand, have for the most part retained their primary isotopic signatures since Eocene time. Primary δD values of −53 for boninite glasses are higher than those of MORB and suggest that the water was derived from subducted oceanic lithosphere.
Ground-water recharge by injection of reclaimed water is a feasible method of improving ground-water quality in the shallow aquifer system in the Palo Alto Baylands along the San Francisco Bay. Ground water was initially more saline than sea water. Reclaimed water was injected at a rate of 10 gallons per minute from June 5, 1980, to July 1, 1980. At the completion of injection, water from an observation well 31 feet from the injection well was 98 percent injected water-in essence, fresh water.
An abrupt rise in the water level in the injection well of about 1.5 feet during the initial injection test was the result of a 3.5 percent density difference between injected fresh water and saline ground water. The arrival of injected water at observation wells showed the same effect, allowing monitoring of chemical and hydraulic changes entirely through water-level data.
The initially sodic clays in the confining layer were expected to swell as the saline ground water (sodium source) was diluted by recharge water. The sodium ion causes excessive coordination with the hydronium ion (H3O+) in the clay lattice, resulting in expansion as the saline water is diluted. X-ray diffraction analysis of clay samples soaked first in native and then in injected water showed this effect. Calcium replaces sodium and limits expansion.
Prior to injection the saline ground water was supersaturated with calcite. Dilution, as injection proceeded, eventually produced an undersaturation of calcite. An increase in well specific capacity indicates that calcite dissolved from the aquifer matrix, improving hydraulic conductivity.
The transformation of plant biopolymers to humic substances in peats during early diagenesis is a critical but poorly understood step in the formation of coal. This paper presents results concerning the structural interrelationships among various fractions of the organic matter in peat and the dissolved organic matter in the pore water from a site in The Everglades, relying primarily on elemental analysis and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance for structural elucidation. Our goal was to obtaine some insight into the sequence of steps involved in the formation of humic substances
Results show that the major change occurring in the whole peat during diagenesis is loss of carbohydrates. The components of the peat which are more resistant to microbial degradation become concentrated in the humin fraction. This resistant fraction of the organic matter includes aliphatic and aromatic components. The aromatic components are thought to be derived from lignin while the aliphatic moieties may represent decomposed algal remains. The carbohydrates lost from the whole peat appear to be concentrated in the fulvic acids and the dissolved organic matter in the pore water. The humic acids consist predominantly of aromatic and aliphatic structures, and may represent partially degraded lignin-like structures and aliphatic compounds from algae. The data presented here suggest that humic and fulvic acids are the partially degraded fractions of the peat while the humin contains the resistant or preserved portion of the organic matter. The proposition that humic substances are formed by the condensation of amino acids and sugars is not supported by the results of this study.
Two methods of analysis were evaluated for mapping urban vegetation on high-altitude, color-infrared aerial photographs and Landsat MSS data of Syracuse, NY. The first method consisted of defining the spatial patterns (strata) of urban vegetation occurrence. The second method discriminated woody and herbaceous vegetation classes within defined strata. Emphasis was placed on evaluating the consistency of each method. Results indicate that consistent spatial patterns of urban vegetation strata were not achieved on either of the two data types tested due to the spatial complexity of the urban vegetation. However, for discriminating woody and herbaceous vegetation classes within defined strata, good consistency was noted among the interpreters of the high-altitude aerial photographs. The coarse spatial resolution of the Landsat MSS data resulted in low precision for identifying these two vegetation classes in this highly urbanized area. Where photointerpretation efforts are intended for mapping vegetation within numerous urban areas, the estimation of proportions of vegetation classes within defined strata should be a data analysis procedure more objective and consistently repeatable than is the delineation of vegetation patterns.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0034-4257(87)90050-2","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Sadowski, F.G., Sturdevant, J.A., and Rowntree, R.A., 1987, Testing the consistency for mapping urban vegetation with high-altitude aerial photographs and landsat MSS data: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 21, no. 2, p. 129-141, https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(87)90050-2.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"141","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223701,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","county":"Syracuse","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.28082275390625,\n 42.9524020856897\n ],\n [\n -76.28082275390625,\n 43.13907396889933\n ],\n [\n -76.00616455078125,\n 43.13907396889933\n ],\n [\n -76.00616455078125,\n 42.9524020856897\n ],\n [\n -76.28082275390625,\n 42.9524020856897\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba5d3e4b08c986b320ce1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sadowski, Franklin G.","contributorId":91552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadowski","given":"Franklin","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370320,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sturdevant, James A.","contributorId":67563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sturdevant","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370319,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rowntree, Rowan A.","contributorId":37480,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rowntree","given":"Rowan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370318,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015142,"text":"70015142 - 1987 - Evaluating evaporation from field crops using airborne radiometry and ground-based meteorological data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:56","indexId":"70015142","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2110,"text":"Irrigation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating evaporation from field crops using airborne radiometry and ground-based meteorological data","docAbstract":"Airborne measurements of reflected solar and emitted thermal radiation were combined with ground-based measurements of incoming solar radiation, air temperature, windspeed, and vapor pressure to calculate instantaneous evaporation (LE) rates using a form of the Penman equation. Estimates of evaporation over cotton, wheat, and alfalfa fields were obtained on 5 days during a one-year period. A Bowen ratio apparatus, employed simultaneously, provided ground-based measurements of evaporation. Comparison of the airborne and ground techniques showed good agreement, with the greatest difference being about 12% for the instantaneous values. Estimates of daily (24 h) evaporation were made from the instantaneous data. On three of the five days, the difference between the two techniques was less than 8%, with the greatest difference being 25%. The results demonstrate that airborne remote sensing techniques can be used to obtain spatially distributed values of evaporation over agricultural fields. ?? 1987 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Irrigation Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00259473","issn":"03427188","usgsCitation":"Jackson, R.D., Moran, M.S., Gay, L.W., and Raymond, L., 1987, Evaluating evaporation from field crops using airborne radiometry and ground-based meteorological data: Irrigation Science, v. 8, no. 2, p. 81-90, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00259473.","startPage":"81","endPage":"90","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205404,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00259473"},{"id":223698,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0be2e4b0c8380cd5290e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jackson, R. D.","contributorId":30758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jackson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":6622,"text":"US Department of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":370190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moran, M. S.","contributorId":91630,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moran","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gay, L. W.","contributorId":53526,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gay","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Raymond, L.H.","contributorId":23151,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Raymond","given":"L.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70015139,"text":"70015139 - 1987 - Inelastic properties of ice Ih at low temperatures and high pressures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-12-06T23:30:36.516528","indexId":"70015139","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5216,"text":"Journal de Physique Colloques","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Inelastic properties of ice Ih at low temperatures and high pressures","title":"Inelastic properties of ice Ih at low temperatures and high pressures","docAbstract":"The aim of our research programme is to explore the rheological behavior of H2O ices under conditions appropriate to the interiors of the icy satellites of the outer planets in order to give insight into their deformation. To this end, we have performed over 100 constant-strain-rate compression tests at pressures to 500 MPa and temperatures as low as 77 K. At P > 30 MPa, ice Ih fails by a shear instability producing faults in the maximum shear stress orientation and failure strength typically is independent of pressure. This unusual faulting behavior is thought to be connected with phase transformations localized in the shear zones. The steady-state strength follows rheological laws of the thermally-activated power-law type, with different flow law parameters depending on the range of test temperatures. The flow laws will be discussed with reference to the operating deformation mechanisms as deduced from optical-scale microstructures and comparison with other work.
","language":"English","publisher":"Les Editions de physique","doi":"10.1051/jphyscol:1987131","usgsCitation":"Kirby, S.H., Durham, W., Beeman, M.L., Heard, H.C., and Daley, M.A., 1987, Inelastic properties of ice Ih at low temperatures and high pressures: Journal de Physique Colloques, v. 48, no. 3, p. 227-232, https://doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1987131.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"232","numberOfPages":"6","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480114,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://hal.science/jpa-00226277","text":"External Repository"},{"id":223639,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a37cfe4b0c8380cd611a8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kirby, S. H.","contributorId":51721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"S.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Durham, W.B.","contributorId":72135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durham","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beeman, M. L.","contributorId":101392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Heard, H. C.","contributorId":65997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heard","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Daley, M. A.","contributorId":61954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daley","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70014890,"text":"70014890 - 1987 - Analysis of time series of glacier speed: Columbia Glacier, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-06-05T16:48:34.093428","indexId":"70014890","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of time series of glacier speed: Columbia Glacier, Alaska","docAbstract":"During the summers of 1984 and 1985, laser measurements were made of the distance from a reference location to markers on the surface of the lower reach of Columbia Glacier, Alaska. The data have numerous gaps, mostly because of inclement weather. The laser measurements were corrected for variations in atmospheric temperature and pressure and for the trajectory of the marker. The marker speed was calculated by using a combination of cubic splines and digital filters to arrive at a data set with 1-hour time intervals. The speed varies from 7 to 15 m/d and has three noteworthy components: (1) a low-frequency perturbation in speed with a time scale of days related to increased precipitation, (2) semidiurnal and diurnal variations related to sea tides, and (3) diurnal variations related to glacier surface melt. The low frequency and tidal period variations are separated by low-pass filtering and subtracting the filtered data from the original data. The variations from melt runoff and tides have the same frequency range and are examined using harmonic analysis and multiple regression with the various forcing functions. The high-frequency portion of the ice speed signal is dominated by tidal influences and to a lesser extent by meltwater influences. The low-frequency portion of the signal is dominated by the effects of precipitation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB092iB09p08969","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Walters, R.A., and Dunlap, W.W., 1987, Analysis of time series of glacier speed: Columbia Glacier, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 92, no. B9, p. 8969-8975, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB092iB09p08969.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"8969","endPage":"8975","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226252,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"92","issue":"B9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb43e4b0c8380cd48d01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walters, R. A.","contributorId":34174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walters","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dunlap, W. W.","contributorId":24788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunlap","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369538,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014889,"text":"70014889 - 1987 - CLAYFORM: a FORTRAN 77 computer program apportioning the constituents in the chemical analysis of a clay or other silicate mineral into a structural formula","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-21T15:36:46","indexId":"70014889","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1315,"text":"Computers & Geosciences","printIssn":"0098-3004","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"CLAYFORM: a FORTRAN 77 computer program apportioning the constituents in the chemical analysis of a clay or other silicate mineral into a structural formula","docAbstract":"The FORTRAN 77 computer program CLAYFORM apportions the constituents of a conventional chemical analysis of a silicate mineral into a user-selected structure formula. If requested, such as for a clay mineral or other phyllosilicate, the program distributes the structural formula components into appropriate default or user-specified structural sites (tetrahedral, octahedral, interlayer, hydroxyl, and molecular water sites), and for phyllosilicates calculates the layer (tetrahedral, octahedral, and interlayer) charge distribution. The program also creates data files of entered analyses for subsequent reuse. ?? 1987.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Computers and Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0098-3004(87)90025-2","issn":"00983004","usgsCitation":"Bodine, M., 1987, CLAYFORM: a FORTRAN 77 computer program apportioning the constituents in the chemical analysis of a clay or other silicate mineral into a structural formula: Computers & Geosciences, v. 13, no. 1, p. 77-88, https://doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(87)90025-2.","startPage":"77","endPage":"88","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266182,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(87)90025-2"},{"id":226189,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f2d0e4b0c8380cd4b3cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bodine, M.W. Jr.","contributorId":33343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bodine","given":"M.W.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369537,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014888,"text":"70014888 - 1987 - Fate and movement of azaarenes and their anaerobic biotransformation products in an aquifer contaminated by wood-treatment chemicals","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T11:02:58","indexId":"70014888","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fate and movement of azaarenes and their anaerobic biotransformation products in an aquifer contaminated by wood-treatment chemicals","docAbstract":"Infiltration of wastes containing creosote and pentachlorophenol from surface impoundments at an abandoned wood-treatment facility near Pensacola, Florida, resulted in contamination of the underlying sand and gravel aquifer. Pond sludges and sediments near the source were contaminated with 2- to 5-ring azaarenes having log Kow values of from 2.0 to 5.6. However, the ground water contained only azaarenes and their oxygenated and methylated derivatives having log Kow values of less than 3.5. These compounds also were present in coal tar-contaminated ground water at a site near St. Louis Park, Minnesota. Laboratory anaerobic degradation studies and on-site observations indicated that oxygenated azaarenes probably were biotransformation products of reactions mediated by indigenous microbial populations. Microbial N-methylation, C-methylation and O-methylation reactions are reported here for the first time. In the presence of nutrients and carbon sources such as acetate and propionate, all azaarenes studied were either partially or completely degraded. Evidence for the microbial degradation of azaarenes in ground water from anaerobic zones is presented. Oxygenated azaarenes were relatively more water-soluble, mobile and persistent in hydrogeologic environments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620060302","issn":"07307268","usgsCitation":"Pereira, W.E., Rostad, C., Updegraff, D., and Bennett, J., 1987, Fate and movement of azaarenes and their anaerobic biotransformation products in an aquifer contaminated by wood-treatment chemicals: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 6, no. 3, p. 163-176, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620060302.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"163","endPage":"176","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":226188,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, Florida ","city":"St. Louis Park, Pensacola ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 30.230594564932193\n ],\n [\n -86.6162109375,\n 30.230594564932193\n ],\n [\n -86.6162109375,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 30.751277776257812\n ],\n [\n -87.36328125,\n 30.230594564932193\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.40644836425781,\n 44.89747102561149\n ],\n [\n -93.29486846923827,\n 44.89747102561149\n ],\n [\n -93.29486846923827,\n 44.981799457076946\n ],\n [\n -93.40644836425781,\n 44.981799457076946\n ],\n [\n -93.40644836425781,\n 44.89747102561149\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1987-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0f06e4b0c8380cd53714","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pereira, W. E.","contributorId":46981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Updegraff, D.M.","contributorId":13251,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Updegraff","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369533,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bennett, J.L.","contributorId":101004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ]}