{"pageNumber":"4382","pageRowStart":"109525","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165871,"records":[{"id":5221504,"text":"5221504 - 1986 - Lead concentrations in bullfrog Rana catesbeiana and green frog R. clamitans tadpoles inhabiting highway drainages","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:41","indexId":"5221504","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1556,"text":"Environmental Pollution (Series A)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lead concentrations in bullfrog Rana catesbeiana and green frog R. clamitans tadpoles inhabiting highway drainages","docAbstract":"Lead concentrations were determined in sediment and tadpoles of bullfrogs Rana catesbeiana and green frogs R. clamitans from drainages along highways with different daily average traffic volumes (range, 4272 to I08,800 vehicles day-I) and from ponds >0.4 km from the nearest highway. Lead concentrations (mg kg--I dry weight) in sediment (7-8 to 940) were usually greater (4-5 times) than those in the tadpoles (bullfrog, 0,07 to 270; green frog, 0,90 to 240 mg kg-I). Lead concentrations in sediment (r =0.63) and in both species of tadpoles (bullfrog, r = 0.69; green frog, r = 0.57) were positively correlated with average daily traffic volume. Lead concentrations in both species of tadpoles (bullfrog, r = (). 76: green frog, r = 0.75) were also positively correlated with lead concentrations in sediment.  At sites where both bullfrog and green frog tadpoles were collected. lead concentrations in the two species were closely related (r = 0.84). Lead concentrations in tadpoles living near highways may contribute to the elevated lead levels reported in wildlife that are potential tadpole predators. Dietary lead concentrations similar to those in our tadpoles have been associated with physiological and reproductive effects in some species of birds and mammals. However, additional data are needed to determine the hazards to predators of lead concentrations in tadpoles.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Environmental Pollution (Series A)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0143-1471(86)90098-X","usgsCitation":"Birdsall, C., Grue, C., and Anderson, A., 1986, Lead concentrations in bullfrog Rana catesbeiana and green frog R. clamitans tadpoles inhabiting highway drainages: Environmental Pollution (Series A), v. 40, no. 3, p. 233-247, https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-1471(86)90098-X.","productDescription":"233-247","startPage":"233","endPage":"247","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17692,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-1471(86)90098-X","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":196742,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a88ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Birdsall, C.W.","contributorId":19254,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Birdsall","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grue, C.E.","contributorId":86446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grue","given":"C.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, A.","contributorId":43727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":334008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5224870,"text":"5224870 - 1986 - Use of an inactivated eastern equine encephalitis virus vaccine in cranes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:29","indexId":"5224870","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":704,"text":"American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Annual Proceedings","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of an inactivated eastern equine encephalitis virus vaccine in cranes","docAbstract":"An unprecedented outbreak of fatal eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) virus occurred during the late summer and fall of 1984 in endangered whooping cranes (Grus americana) at the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Maryland.  As part of efforts to prevent future epizootics of EEE. studies were conducted to evaluate the antibody response of cranes following vaccination with a formalin-inactivated EEE virus vaccine.     Viral specific neutralizing antibody was elicited in sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) and whooping cranes following 1M inoculation with the vaccine.  Among the 1M-inoculated cranes, peak antibody titers of 1:80 on days 30 to 60 had waned to undetectable levels by days 90 to 120.  Although the initial titers were not increased by the first booster dose, the duration of the antibody was extended considerably.  Whooping cranes, receiving vaccine 6 months after their first vaccination, developed titers of 1:80 to 1:320 by day 30.  At 45 days after the final vaccination, these titers had dropped to 1:10 to 1:160.  Cranes with preexisting EEE virus antibody, apparently reflecting natural infection, exhibited an anamnestic response indicated by a rapid increase and sustained high antibody titer.  Even though EEE virus vaccine induced neutralizing antibody and produced no adverse side effects, further studies will be required to assess the significance of this response as a strategy for protecting whooping cranes against natural EEE virus infection.     The loss of captive whooping cranes to the EEE virus presented a previously unrecognized risk and obstacle to recovery of this species.  Not only was, there a setback in the captive breeding and reintroduction program for the whooping crane, but, because of the susceptibility of the species to the EEE virus. establishment of additional crane populations may be more complicated than initially envisioned.  However, through continued surveillance, serological monitoring, and vaccination activities, we are confident that the impact of EEE virus on whooping crane recovery can be overcome to the ultimate benefit of this endangered species.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Annual Proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","collaboration":"Edited by M.S. Silberman and Suzanne D. Silberman  6931_Carpenter.pdf","usgsCitation":"Carpenter, J.W., Dein, F., Clark, G., Watts, D., and Crabbs, C., 1986, Use of an inactivated eastern equine encephalitis virus vaccine in cranes: American Association of Zoo Veterinarians, Annual Proceedings, v. 1986.","productDescription":"88 (abstract)","startPage":"88 (abs)","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1986","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a18e4b07f02db604b73","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dein, F. J.","contributorId":97030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dein","given":"F. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Clark, G.G.","contributorId":68275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"G.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Watts, D.M.","contributorId":72886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Crabbs, C.L.","contributorId":51265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crabbs","given":"C.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":342959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5223158,"text":"5223158 - 1986 - Seasonal influence of nutrients on the physiology and behavior of captive canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:04","indexId":"5223158","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1397,"text":"Dissertation Abstracts International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal influence of nutrients on the physiology and behavior of captive canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria)","docAbstract":"Captive canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria) were maintained ad libitum on five diets during the winters of 1978-79 and 1979-80 to evaluate the effects of varying protein and energy levels on feed intake and condition. Diets were formulated to simulate either a natural diet high in invertebrates or one high in vegetation. Two diets low in protein and energy simulated stress diets.       Feed intake during the 1979-80 winter, when diets varied the most, was 30% higher for canvasbacks fed the low energy (1543 kcal/kg) diet than for canvasbacks fed the high energy (3638 kcal/kg) diet. Body weight of males and females did not differ between groups fed different diets, but there were seasonal differences (P < 0.05) for both sexes aggregated across diets. Feed intake and body weights were greatest in November and April and least in January and February. Convasbacks lost weight and ate less during the most stressful periods despite ad libitum feed supplies. No differences could be detected in the behavior of captive canvasbacks as a result of the diets they received. Differences due to season and sex were observed for some behaviors. Inactivity increased (P < 0.05) during the winter apparently as a mechanism to conserve energy.Overall, captive canvasbacks were able to maintain themselves during winter on diets with as little as 10% protein and 1543 kcal/kg provided adequate quantities of food were available. Availability of low energy food (e.g. clams) may be the limiting factor in regard to winter survival of wild canvasbacks. The distribution and abundance of canvasbacks in some wintering areas ultimately has been influenced by the quantity and probably the quality of available nutrients.Data from this study indicate that canvasbacks are unable to adjust intake rates to compensate for low energy foods and may subsequently store less fat or modify behavior and microclimate. However, decreased weight, feed intake, and activity of ducks fed ad libitum rations occurred in mid-winter irrespective of diet quality and appeared to be an endogenous component of their annual cycle which persists in captivity. These changes apparently have a selective advantage of increasing the probability of survival in ducks by decreasing energy expenditure during periods of winter stress.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Dissertation Abstracts International","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Perry, M., 1986, Seasonal influence of nutrients on the physiology and behavior of captive canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria): Dissertation Abstracts International, v. 46B, no. 10.","productDescription":"3291 (abstract)","startPage":"3291 (abs)","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198143,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46B","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f5e4b07f02db5f0c50","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Perry, Matthew C. 0000-0001-6452-9534","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6452-9534","contributorId":16372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Perry","given":"Matthew C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5223558,"text":"5223558 - 1986 - Range extension for the gray-backed tern in the western Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T12:16:25.301724","indexId":"5223558","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Range extension for the gray-backed tern in the western Pacific","docAbstract":"About 75 pairs of Gray-backed Terns (Sterna lunata) nested on Guguan in the Northern Mariana Islands in 1979. This locality represents a breeding range extension of about 2000 km to the west of the westernmost previously known colony. The species is also reported for the first time from Uracas, northernmost of the Northern Mariana Islands, where it may also breed.","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521151","usgsCitation":"Clapp, R.B., and Hatch, J., 1986, Range extension for the gray-backed tern in the western Pacific: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 9, no. 1, p. 110-112, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521151.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"112","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201888,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db683e91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clapp, R. B.","contributorId":9371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clapp","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatch, J.J.","contributorId":76860,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223559,"text":"5223559 - 1986 - Nesting of the masked booby on the Dry Tortugas, Florida:  The first record for the contiguous United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-30T13:06:14","indexId":"5223559","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nesting of the masked booby on the Dry Tortugas, Florida:  The first record for the contiguous United States","docAbstract":"<p>In both 1984 and 1985 Masked Boobies (<i>Sula dactylatra</i>) attempted to nest on sandy islets at the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Nesting attempts failed because the nest sites were washed away by summer storms. It seems likely that this species will eventually nest there successfully and will establish a small breeding population. This is the first documented nesting by this species in the contiguous United States.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Colonial Waterbird Society","publisherLocation":"Elgin, IL","doi":"10.2307/1521152","usgsCitation":"Clapp, R.B., and Robertson, W., 1986, Nesting of the masked booby on the Dry Tortugas, Florida:  The first record for the contiguous United States: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 9, no. 1, p. 113-116, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521152.","productDescription":"113-116","startPage":"113","endPage":"116","numberOfPages":"4","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199471,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","otherGeospatial":"Dry Torgugas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.869873046875,\n              24.62938542886063\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.87064552307129,\n              24.6309458596427\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.8724479675293,\n              24.631492005813232\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.8750228881836,\n              24.63032168966796\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.87562370300293,\n              24.627512886203856\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.87519454956053,\n              24.625172168430968\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.87287712097167,\n              24.625094143750292\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.8713321685791,\n              24.625952412559027\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.86832809448242,\n              24.625250193062943\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.86626815795898,\n              24.62439191943259\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.86334991455077,\n              24.62368969117008\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.86120414733887,\n              24.62501611902092\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.86111831665039,\n              24.627903001570964\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.86343574523926,\n              24.62993158185065\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.86652565002441,\n              24.630165646687182\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.86892890930174,\n              24.629853560141072\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.869873046875,\n              24.62938542886063\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6af5a0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clapp, R. B.","contributorId":9371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clapp","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Robertson, W.R. Jr.","contributorId":105019,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"W.R.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5223557,"text":"5223557 - 1986 - A summary of alcid records from Hawaii","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T12:22:56.933549","indexId":"5223557","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A summary of alcid records from Hawaii","docAbstract":"Abstract.-Four species of alcids have now been recorded frorn Hawaii. Two of them, the Tufted Puffin (Fratercula cirrhata and the Cassin's Auklet (Ptychoramchus aleuticus) have been found only once; the occurrence of the latter is reported here for the first time. two other alcids, the Horned Puffin (Fratercula arctica) and the Parakeet .Auklet (Cyclorrhynchus psittacula) have been recorded frorn Hawaii in greater numbers; the latter may be of regular occurrence in subtropical waters near the northwestern portion of the Hawaiian archipelago. Occurrence in Hawaii does not appear to be strongly related to size of populations to the north but instead to the extent to which the species are known  to disperse.","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521149","usgsCitation":"Clapp, R.B., 1986, A summary of alcid records from Hawaii: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 9, no. 1, p. 104-107, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521149.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"104","endPage":"107","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201939,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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B.","contributorId":9371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clapp","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":338976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5222162,"text":"5222162 - 1986 - Effect of anosmia on reproduction in male and female wolves (Canis lupus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:11","indexId":"5222162","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:59","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":984,"text":"Behavioral and Neural Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effect of anosmia on reproduction in male and female wolves (Canis lupus)","docAbstract":"Anosmia was produced in two female and three male wolves by transection of the olfactory peduncle and was confirmed by their inability to detect meat, urine, feces, anal-gland secretions, and fish emulsion. All operated animals continued to investigate the environment with their noses, to interact normally with other pack members, and to feed at levels which maintained presurgical body weights. No effect was found on reproductive physiology (females: estradiol or progesterone concentrations, ovulation, pregnancy or parturition; males: testosterone, testicular recrudescence or sperm numbers, motility or maturation). One anosmic female became dominant and although she urine-marked with a flexed leg, the rate was lower than typical for dominant females and perhaps contributed to her failure to pair-bond with the dominant male. One anosmic male raised-leg-urinated while competing for pack dominance and when kenneled away from other males. Precopulatory, copulatory, and maternal behavior were observed for one anosmic female and appeared normal. However, neither male that was sexually naive before surgery showed interest in proestrous or estrous females. The possibility that secondary degeneration of brain regions mediating sexual behavior was responsible for the failure of these males to respond was not supported. Not only was the lack of male sexual response the only serious deficit following transection, but the male which was sexually experienced prior to surgery did copulate successfully during his second postoperative breeding season despite continued anosmia. Chemosensory priming from female urine during the protracted proestrous phase, as well as urinary and vaginal odors during estrus, appear to be critical for induction of full sexual potency in sexually naive males. The importance of urine and vaginal secretions in the sexual response of experienced males is uncertain.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Behavioral and Neural Biology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0163-1047(86)90212-8","usgsCitation":"Asa, C.S., Seal, U., Plotka, E., Letellier, M., and Mech, L., 1986, Effect of anosmia on reproduction in male and female wolves (Canis lupus): Behavioral and Neural Biology, v. 46, no. 3, p. 272-284, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-1047(86)90212-8.","productDescription":"272-284","startPage":"272","endPage":"284","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":17688,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0163-1047(86)90212-8","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":196047,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625828","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asa, C. S.","contributorId":34615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asa","given":"C.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Seal, U.S.","contributorId":40564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seal","given":"U.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Plotka, E.D.","contributorId":89248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Plotka","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Letellier, M.A.","contributorId":39085,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Letellier","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":5222103,"text":"5222103 - 1986 - Embryonic mortality and abnormalities of aquatic birds:  Apparent impacts of selenium from irrigation drainwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-11T15:43:59.32452","indexId":"5222103","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:18:36","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Embryonic mortality and abnormalities of aquatic birds:  Apparent impacts of selenium from irrigation drainwater","docAbstract":"<p><span>Severe reproductive impacts were found in aquatic birds nesting on irrigation drainwater ponds in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Of 347 nests studied to late incubation or to hatching, 40.6% had at least one dead embryo and 19.6% had at least one embryo or chick with an obvious external anomaly. The deformities were often multiple and included missing or abnormal eyes, beaks, wings, legs and feet. Brain, heart, liver and skeletal anomalies were also present. Mean selenium concentrations in plants, invertebrates, and fish from the ponds were 22–175 ppm (dry weight), about 12 to 130 times those found at a nearby control area. Bird eggs (2.2–110 ppm) and livers (19–130 ppm) also contained elevated levels of selenium. Aquatic birds may experience similar problems in other areas where selenium occurs at elevated levels.</span></p>","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0048-9697(86)90104-X","collaboration":"","usgsCitation":"Ohlendorf, H.M., Hoffman, D.J., Saiki, M.K., and Aldrich, T.W., 1986, Embryonic mortality and abnormalities of aquatic birds:  Apparent impacts of selenium from irrigation drainwater: Science of the Total Environment, v. 52, no. 1-2, p. 49-63, https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(86)90104-X.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"49","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197571,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge, San Joaquin Valley, Volta Wildlife Area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -121.11671447753908,\n              36.99158465967016\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.58456420898436,\n              36.99158465967016\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.58456420898436,\n              37.41761791871185\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.11671447753908,\n              37.41761791871185\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.11671447753908,\n              36.99158465967016\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606ce5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ohlendorf, H. M.","contributorId":28194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlendorf","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335520,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Saiki, M. K.","contributorId":28917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Saiki","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aldrich, Thomas W.","contributorId":88311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aldrich","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5222092,"text":"5222092 - 1986 - Reproductive toxicity of monocrotophos to bobwhite quail","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-27T09:50:33","indexId":"5222092","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3105,"text":"Poultry Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproductive toxicity of monocrotophos to bobwhite quail","docAbstract":"Pairs of 1st-year breeding bobwhites were fed constant or decreasing concentrations of monocrotophos for 15 days. In addition, a control diet was used in a pair-fed group matched with the pairs in the constant group. Dietary concentrations for the constant group were logarithmically spaced at .100, .178, .316, .562, 1.000 ppm of actual insecticide and also at 0 ppm (control) for five pairs at each concentration. The beginning concentrations for the decreasing pairs were identical to the constant group but regularly decreased to reach 25% of the starting concentrations by Day 13. Food consumption, egg production, hatchability of eggs under artificial incubation, and survival of hatched chicks for 2 weeks were recorded pairwise during 15-day treatment and 14-day posttreatment periods. Mortality was high at the greatest constant concentration and in the associated pair-fed group. Food consumption and egg production rates were negatively dose-related during the treatment period in the constant and decreasing groups. The laying rate of pair-fed hens was reduced to the same extent as in the constant group. Reproductive inhibition was not permanent, and pairs resumed laying after a dose-related recovery interval. No dose-related effects on hatchability or chick survival were detected. There was no evidence of a pesticide effect on reproduction other than that exerted through pesticide-induced anorexia.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Poultry Science","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Poultry Science Association","doi":"10.3382/ps.0650051","usgsCitation":"Stromborg, K., 1986, Reproductive toxicity of monocrotophos to bobwhite quail: Poultry Science, v. 65, no. 1, p. 51-57, https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0650051.","startPage":"51","endPage":"57","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480124,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0650051","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":198285,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268430,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps.0650051"}],"volume":"65","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fbc22","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stromborg, K. L.","contributorId":34466,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stromborg","given":"K. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335483,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5222126,"text":"5222126 - 1986 - Association between PCBs and lower embryonic weight in black-crowned night herons in San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-16T15:24:19","indexId":"5222126","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2480,"text":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Association between PCBs and lower embryonic weight in black-crowned night herons in San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"Reproductive problems, including congenital malformations, reduced hatching success, and decreased survival of hatchlings, have been  observed in colonial-nesting water birds at the San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge (SFBNWR).  Twenty-four black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) eggs were collected from SFBNWR in 1983.  Twelve of these were collected from separate nests when late-stage embryos were pipping, and an additional egg was randomly collected from each nest for organochlorine analysis.  Overt anomalies and skeletal defects were  not apparent. Embryonic weights (with partially absorbed yolk sacs removed) were 15% lower (p lt 0.05) in SFBNWR embryos compared to control embryos from the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center (PWRC).  Crown-rump length and femur length were shorter for SFBNWR embryos.  The geometric mean polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentration in SFBNWR eggs was 4.1 ppm wet weight, with a range of 0.8-52.0 ppm.  A negative correlation (r = - 0.61; p lt 0.05) existed between embryonic weight and log-transformed PCB residues in whole eggs collected from the  same nest at SFBNWR, suggesting a possible impact of PCBs on embryonic growth. A correlation with embryonic weight did not occur for DDE  (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene) residues.  Liver microsomal aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity was neither significantly elevated  nor correlated with PCB, DDE, or PCB plus DDE log-transformed residues.  It is unknown whether the apparent association between PCBs and lower weight is persistent through hatching.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/15287398609530936","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., Rattner, B., Bunck, C., Krynitsky, A.J., Ohlendorf, H.M., and Lowe, R.W., 1986, Association between PCBs and lower embryonic weight in black-crowned night herons in San Francisco Bay: Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, v. 19, no. 3, p. 383-391, https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398609530936.","productDescription":"383-391","startPage":"383","endPage":"391","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198073,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269453,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15287398609530936"}],"volume":"19","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66d0ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335575,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bunck, C.M.","contributorId":72337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Krynitsky, A. J.","contributorId":73954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krynitsky","given":"A.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335574,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ohlendorf, H. M.","contributorId":28194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlendorf","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lowe, Roy W.","contributorId":50847,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lowe","given":"Roy","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":5230188,"text":"5230188 - 1986 - DDE, DDT + dieldrin:  Residues in American kestrels and relations to reproduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-29T20:37:29.973813","indexId":"5230188","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T11:33:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":26,"text":"Fish and Wildlife Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"6","title":"DDE, DDT + dieldrin:  Residues in American kestrels and relations to reproduction","docAbstract":"Captive American kestrels (Falco sparverius) given long-term dietary dosages of DDT and dieldrin in combination, at low and high rates, were compared with controls to determine the effects of the toxicants on reproductive success and eggshell thickness.  Additional kestrels were dosed with DDE to determine its effect on shell thickness. Tissues of birds that died or were sacrificed, and eggs, were analyzed for DDE, DDD, DDT, and dieldrin. Eight paired birds, mostly males, given a high dosage of DDT + dieldrin died of dieldrin poisoning. Three periods of heavy mortality involving only dosed birds, which occurred in summer 1966, fall 1967, and spring 1968, followed temperature declines and other stress factors. Organochlorine concentrations in tissues of sacrificed birds and eggs in all units of the DDT + dieldrin study were significantly different among treatments. Residue concentrations in tissues of birds on high dosage of DDT + dieldrin were about 3 times higher than those on low dosage, a difference similar to the relative magnitude of the dose rates. Concentrations of some toxicants, especially DDE, were significantly higher in tissues of males than females, although these differences were difficult to interpret because males generally were sacrificed later than females. Concentrations in tissues and eggs of dosed yearlings, placed on clean food 7 to 9 weeks before pairing, were often significantly lower than in those yearlings that remained on dosage. Concentrations of each toxicant were usually highly correlated (r > 0.85) among tissues, especially for DDE and dieldrin. Organochlorine concentrations in brains and eggs could be predicted from concentrations in carcasses. DDE and dieldrin concentrations in eggs were about one-half those in carcasses, DDD about one-seventh, and DDT 1.5 to 2 times higher in eggs than carcasses. Eggshells of DDT + dieldrin-dosed kestrels were 6-23% thinner than eggshells of corresponding controls in different groups and years. Organochlorine concentrations in eggs and tissues of females were poorly correlated with shell thickness. Of the four toxicants in eggs, DDE was significantly and most closely correlated with fledging success. Interpretation of direct comparisons between our DDT + dieldrin studies and most current field situations are difficult because contaminant profiles in our birds are unlike those in most field samples.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"3399_Wiemeyer.pdf and 3399_Wiemeyer_OCR.pdf","usgsCitation":"Wiemeyer, S.N., Porter, R.D., Hensler, G.L., and Maestrelli, J., 1986, DDE, DDT + dieldrin:  Residues in American kestrels and relations to reproduction: Fish and Wildlife Technical Report 6, iii, 33.","productDescription":"iii, 33","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202758,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":112294,"rank":2,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.31822008908071?urlappend=%3Bseq=7"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e4d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiemeyer, Stanley N.","contributorId":78279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiemeyer","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Porter, Richard D.","contributorId":224624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Porter","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":907195,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hensler, Gary L.","contributorId":23111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hensler","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maestrelli, J.R.","contributorId":75245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maestrelli","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":5230235,"text":"5230235 - 1986 - Forested wetlands of the Southeast: Review of major characteristics and role in maintaining water quality","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-16T14:59:21","indexId":"5230235","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":79,"text":"Resource Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"163","title":"Forested wetlands of the Southeast: Review of major characteristics and role in maintaining water quality","docAbstract":"<p>Forested wetlands occupying floodplains of major rivers in the Southeast are highly productive and diverse ecological systems.  The wetlands are produced and maintained by fluvial processes and unique hydrologic regimes consisting of periodic flooding and subsequent drydown.  Fluctuations in soil chemistry and biology resulting from this flooding and drydown provide a broad range of environmental conditions that are important in determining the role of forested wetlands in maintaining and improving water quality.  The periodic shift between aerobic and anaerobic conditions in floodplain soils in response to flooding facilitates the assimilation of nutrients and organic matter, hastens the degradation of persistent pesticides, and decreases the bioavailability of heavy metals.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Winger, P.V., 1986, Forested wetlands of the Southeast: Review of major characteristics and role in maintaining water quality: Resource Publication 163, ii, 16 p.","productDescription":"ii, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331084,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290105,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/5230248/report.pdf"}],"country":"United States","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de330","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winger, Parley V.","contributorId":27983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winger","given":"Parley","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":512649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5230189,"text":"5230189 - 1986 - The Breeding Bird Survey:  Its first fifteen years, 1965-1979","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-16T13:44:53","indexId":"5230189","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":79,"text":"Resource Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"157","title":"The Breeding Bird Survey:  Its first fifteen years, 1965-1979","docAbstract":"The Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) is an ongoing cooperative program sponsored jointly by the U.S. Fish and Wildife Service and the Canadian Wildlife Service. Its main purpose is to estimate population trends of the many species of birds that nest in North America north of Mexico and that migrate across international boundaries. This survey provides information, both locally by ecological or political regions and on a continental scale, on (1) short-term population changes that can be correlated with specific weather incidents, (2) recovery periods following catastrophic declines, (3) normal year-to-year variations, (4) long-term population trends, and (5) invasions of exotics.  The BBS also permits detailed computer mapping of relative abundance of each species, either year by year to show changes in distribution and relative abundance, or the average over a period of years. It provides base-line data with which more intensive local studies can be compared.  For biogeographic studies it provides uniform sampling of bird populations by major physiographic regions across the continent. In conjunction with the Audubon Christmas Bird Count, it permits comparison of summer and winter distribution of species that winter in the United States.  Most species of North American birds migrate across international boundaries, especially those shared with Canada, Mexico, and the Soviet Union. As part of our responsibility under treaties with these nations, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has developed the BBS to monitor avian population changes so that any adverse trends can be detected early. This provides the opportunity to determine the reasons for any increase or decrease, to define geographic areas in which changes are greatest, to study correlations between avian population changes and land-use changes, and to make recommendations for controlling undesirable bird population trends.  For example, the BBS can be used to detect and estimate the extent of losses resulting from widespread use of pesticides, and to reveal whether major population changes of a given species (e.g., Dickcissel) in certain States are related to a continental decline or are merely a result of population shifts within the breeding range. Effects of urban and suburban expansion are often reflected in the loss of forest interior birds.  Population trends for 230 species as well as several avian genera and families are discussed and graphed in this report. For most of these species, regional and well as continental trends are shown. The three major regions discussed are the Eastern, Central, and Western, bounded by the Mississippi River and the eastern base of the Rocky Mountains. Additional graphs for certain States or physiographic regions are included for selected species of special interest. The following paragraphs summarize general trends in the major bird families.  The native herons in general are maintaining their populations, whereas the exotic Cattle Egret continues its geographic spread and its steady increase. Waterfowl as a group are stable or increasing.  Although most widespread species of hawks are on the increase, the rarer species show evidence of decline.  Among the gallinaceous birds, the greatest change was a sharp drop in Northern Bobwhite as a result of the exceptionally cold winters of 1976-77 and 1977-78 in the Ohio Valley and the Middle Atlantic States. Killdeer populations, except for a minor decline during these two winters, showed strong increases except in the West. American Woodcock were poorly sampled by the BBS because they were relatively inactive during daylight. Common Snipe and the other common shorebirds that nest in the United States and southern Canada exhibited stable or increasing populations, especially in the Eastern and Central regions.  Herring Gull counts varied dramatically and irregularly from year to year. Laughing Gulls increased along the Atlantic coast and Franklin's Gulls declined in the interior of the continen","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., Bystrak, D., and Geissler, P., 1986, The Breeding Bird Survey:  Its first fifteen years, 1965-1979: Resource Publication 157, iii, 196 p.","productDescription":"iii, 196 p.","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":284991,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/5230189/report.pdf"},{"id":202759,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/5230189/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad2e4b07f02db681c16","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bystrak, D.","contributorId":58220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bystrak","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Geissler, P.H.","contributorId":24038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geissler","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5230190,"text":"5230190 - 1986 - Lethal Dietary Toxicities of Environmental Contaminants and Pesticides to Coturnix","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:21","indexId":"5230190","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T10:33:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":26,"text":"Fish and Wildlife Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"No. 2","title":"Lethal Dietary Toxicities of Environmental Contaminants and Pesticides to Coturnix","docAbstract":"Five-day subacute dietary toxicity tests of 193 potential environmental contaminants, pesticides, organic solvents, and various adjuvants are presented for young coturnix (Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica Temminck and Schlegel). The report provides the most comprehensive data base available for avian subacute dietary toxicity tests and is primarily intended for use in ranking toxicities by a standard method that has a reasonable degree of environmental relevance. Findings are presented in two parts: Part I is a critique of selected drugs that includes discussion of subacute toxicity in relation to chemical class and structure, pesticide formulation, and age of animals; Part II is a summary of toxicologic findings for each test substance and provides a statistically basis for comparing toxicities. Data presented include the median lethal concentration (LC50), slope of the probit regression curve (dose-response curve), response chronology, and food consumption. We observed that: 1) fewer than 15% of the compounds were classed 'very' or 'highly' toxic (i.e, LC50 < 200 ppm) and all of these were either chlorinated hydrocarbons, organophosphates, or organometallics; 2) subacute toxicity may vary widely among structurally similar chemicals and between different formulations of the same chemical; therefore, conclusions about lethal hazard must be made cautiously until the actual formulation of inset has been tested: 3) inclusion of a general standard in each battery of tests is useful for detection of atypical trials and monitoring population changes but should not be used indiscriminantly for adjusting LC50's for intertest differences unless the chemicals of concern and the standard elicit their toxicities through the same action; 4) although other species have been tested effectively under the subacute protocol, coturnix were ideal for the stated purpose of this research because they are inexpensive, well-adapted to the laboratory environment, and yield good intertest reproducibility of response.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","collaboration":"NTIS Accession Number: PB86-176914   Coturnix as a common name not italisized in text  3340_Hill.pdf  5.2 MB","usgsCitation":"Hill, E.F., and Camardese, M., 1986, Lethal Dietary Toxicities of Environmental Contaminants and Pesticides to Coturnix: Fish and Wildlife Technical Report No. 2, 147.","productDescription":"147","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200860,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b17e4b07f02db6a5e5a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, E. F.","contributorId":14362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Camardese, M.B.","contributorId":106591,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camardese","given":"M.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5210372,"text":"5210372 - 1986 - Aquatic birds and selenium in the San Joaquin Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-03T16:29:30","indexId":"5210372","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Aquatic birds and selenium in the San Joaquin Valley","docAbstract":"<p>Kesterton Reservoir is a series of ponds comprising 1,200 acres sitting in the grasslands of the Kesterton National Wildlife Refuge. It is bounded on the east by the San Luis Drain, a concrete-lined canal that discharges agricultural drainage into the ponds at their southern end, from which point it then flows northward through the twelve ponds (see the map on the page following).<br></p><p>Mike Saki and I studied several of these ponds to determine the concentrations of selenium and other contaminants in food-chain organisms. You'll hear more about this from Mike shortly. My portion of the study was to determine the reproductive success of birds nesting in the ponds and to collect birds so that we could find out what they were eating and what levels of selenium were in their tissues.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Selenium and agricultural drainage:  Implications for San Francisco Bay and the California environment - Proceedings of the second selenium symposium","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Second Selenium Symposium","conferenceDate":"Marsh 23, 1985","conferenceLocation":"Berkeley, CA","language":"English","publisher":"The Bay Institute of San Francisco","publisherLocation":"Tiburon, California","isbn":"0-937995-00-2","usgsCitation":"Ohlendorf, H.M., 1986, Aquatic birds and selenium in the San Joaquin Valley, chap. <i>of</i> Selenium and agricultural drainage:  Implications for San Francisco Bay and the California environment - Proceedings of the second selenium symposium, p. 14-24.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"14","endPage":"24","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201312,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Kesterton Reservoir","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db67a090","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ohlendorf, Harry M.","contributorId":60291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlendorf","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328279,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210371,"text":"5210371 - 1986 - Conservation of migratory raptors:  An overview based on fifty years of raptor banding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:17","indexId":"5210371","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"5","title":"Conservation of migratory raptors:  An overview based on fifty years of raptor banding","docAbstract":"During the 50-year period 1931-80, 422,000 raptors were banded in the United States and Canada. Encounter rates were calculated, by decades of banding, for all birds reported outside of the l0-min block of latitude and longitude where they had been banded. Encounter rates for the various raptor species decreased from about 15-25% in the 1930s to about 1-5% in the 1970s. The percentage of encounters that were reported as shot also decreased sharply, from 55-85% for most species in the 1930s to 3-16% in the 1970s, reflecting the increase in protective state and federal legislation. During the same period the percentage of raptors found dead increased. In contrast, no such trends were apparent in raptors encountered south of the United States","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Raptor Conservation in the Next 50 Years","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Raptor Research Foundation","publisherLocation":"Hasting, Minnesota","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1986, Conservation of migratory raptors:  An overview based on fifty years of raptor banding, chap. <i>of</i> Raptor Conservation in the Next 50 Years, p. 26-34.","productDescription":"vii, 87","startPage":"26","endPage":"34","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201311,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b12e4b07f02db6a307f","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Senner, S.E.","contributorId":46638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senner","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506364,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, C.M.","contributorId":97459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506365,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parrish, J.R.","contributorId":111368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506366,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328278,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210377,"text":"5210377 - 1986 - The role of heterogeneity in animal population dynamics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T13:50:34","indexId":"5210377","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The role of heterogeneity in animal population dynamics","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Biometrics Conference: invited papers, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A., July 27-August 1, 1986.","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"The Biometric Society","publisherLocation":"Seattle, WA","collaboration":"OCLC:  14979039  PDF on file: 3346_Johnson.pdf","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., Burnham, K., and Nichols, J., 1986, The role of heterogeneity in animal population dynamics, chap. <i>of</i> Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Biometrics Conference: invited papers, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A., July 27-August 1, 1986.","startPage":"5.3.1 ","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196491,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640e3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":70327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burnham, K.P.","contributorId":63760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burnham","given":"K.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5210374,"text":"5210374 - 1986 - Use of miniroutes and Breeding Bird Survey data to estimate abundance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:17","indexId":"5210374","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Use of miniroutes and Breeding Bird Survey data to estimate abundance","docAbstract":"1. Information on relative abundance is easily obtained and adds greatly to the value of an atlas project.  2. The Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) provides annual counts (birds per 50 roadside stops) that can be used to: (1) map relative abundance by physiographic region within a state or province, (2) map relative abundance on a more local scale by using results from individual routes, or (3) compute estimates of total state populations of a species. Where BBS coverage is too scanty to permit mapping, extra temporary routes may be established to provide additional information for the atlas. Or, if continuing coverage is anticipated, additional permanent random routes can be assigned by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service.  3. Miniroutes of 15 or more stops can be established in individual atlas blocks to serve the dual purposes of providing efficient uniform coverage and providing information on relative abundance. Miniroutes can also be extracted from BBS routes to supplement special atlas coverage, or vice versa; but the data from the BBS will not be confined to individual atlas blocks.  4. Advantages of 15- or 20-stop Miniroutes over 25-stop Miniroutes are several: the ability to do two per morning and the lower variability among M1niroute results. Also, many 5-km atlas blocks do not have enough secondary roads to accommodate 25 stops at one-half mile intervals. Disadvantages of 15-stop Miniroutes starting at sunrise are the smaller numbers of birds recorded, missing of the very productive dawn chorus period (Robbins 1981), and missing crepuscular species (rails, woodcock, owls, and goatsuckers).  5. Advantages of recording counts of individuals rather than checking only species presence at Miniroute stops are that: (1) relative abundance can be mapped rather than frequency only (a measure of frequency is already available in the number of blocks recording each species); (2) population change can be measured over a period of years when the next atlas is made; and (3) comparative abundance data are available for habitat correlations and other statistical applications (Luis et ale 1983). Disadvantages of recording counts are that: (1) many observers do not feel they can make accurate counts of individuals; and (2) a few species may be missed while observers are counting (an hypothesis that will be field-tested this summer).  While counts of individuals may be more subject to observer differences than are frequency counts, both the numbers of birds and their frequencies are available when birds are counted.  6. Roadside counts produce slightly larger samples and more species than off-road counts. The main advantage of off-road coverage is to sample habitats that cannot be sampled from roadsides.  7. Miniroutes can be recommended to individual atlasers as an efficient means of detecting species and upgrading them from Possible to Probable, even when there is no statewide Miniroute program.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Second Northeastern Breeding Bird Atlas Conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Laboratory of Ornithology, Cornell University","publisherLocation":"Ithaca, New York","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., and Dowell, B., 1986, Use of miniroutes and Breeding Bird Survey data to estimate abundance, chap. <i>of</i> Proceedings of the Second Northeastern Breeding Bird Atlas Conference, p. 28-40.","productDescription":"192","startPage":"28","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"192","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adae4b07f02db68588d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dowell, B.A.","contributorId":35842,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowell","given":"B.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":5210378,"text":"5210378 - 1986 - Genetic management of captive masked bobwhites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:13","indexId":"5210378","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Genetic management of captive masked bobwhites","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Masked Bobwhite Biology and Conservation: Proceedings of a symposium, University of Arizona, Tuscon, Arizona,  December 6, 1984","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Arizona Game and Fish Department and National Audubon Society","publisherLocation":"[Phoenix?]","collaboration":"Sponsored by Arizona Game and Fish Department, National Audubon Society, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service  PDF on file: 3322_Gabel.pdf","usgsCitation":"Gabel, R.R., 1986, Genetic management of captive masked bobwhites, chap. <i>of</i> Masked Bobwhite Biology and Conservation: Proceedings of a symposium, University of Arizona, Tuscon, Arizona,  December 6, 1984, p. 32-36.","productDescription":"45","startPage":"32","endPage":"36","numberOfPages":"45","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196492,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeb03","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stromberg, M.R.","contributorId":112703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stromberg","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506374,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, R. B.","contributorId":64218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506373,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoffman, S.W.","contributorId":29105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506372,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Gabel, R. R.","contributorId":70500,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gabel","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210439,"text":"5210439 - 1986 - Planning and design for wildlife conservation in new residential developments--Columbia, Maryland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:20","indexId":"5210439","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Planning and design for wildlife conservation in new residential developments--Columbia, Maryland","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wildlife Conservation and New Residential Developments: Proceedings of a National Symposium on Urban Wildlife","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Arizona, School of Renewable Natural Resources","publisherLocation":"Tucson, AZ","usgsCitation":"Geis, A.D., 1986, Planning and design for wildlife conservation in new residential developments--Columbia, Maryland, chap. <i>of</i> Wildlife Conservation and New Residential Developments: Proceedings of a National Symposium on Urban Wildlife, p. 67-70.","productDescription":"203","startPage":"67","endPage":"70","numberOfPages":"203","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200395,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cd70","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stenberg, K.","contributorId":111325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stenberg","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506463,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaw, William W.","contributorId":44711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaw","given":"William W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506462,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Geis, A. D.","contributorId":72885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geis","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210481,"text":"5210481 - 1986 - Techniques for release of captive-reared masked bobwhite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:16","indexId":"5210481","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Techniques for release of captive-reared masked bobwhite","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Masked Bobwhite Biology and Conservation: Proceedings of a Symposium, University of Arizona, Tuscon, Arizona,  December 6, 1984","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Arizona Game and Fish Department and National Audubon Society","publisherLocation":"[Phoenix?]","collaboration":"Sponsored by Arizona Game and Fish Department, National Audubon Society, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service  PDF on file: 3306_Ellis.pdf","usgsCitation":"Ellis, D.H., 1986, Techniques for release of captive-reared masked bobwhite, chap. <i>of</i> Masked Bobwhite Biology and Conservation: Proceedings of a Symposium, University of Arizona, Tuscon, Arizona,  December 6, 1984, p. 37-40.","productDescription":"45","startPage":"37","endPage":"40","numberOfPages":"45","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200681,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adbe4b07f02db68615b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stromberg, M.R.","contributorId":112703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stromberg","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506517,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Johnson, R. B.","contributorId":64218,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506516,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoffman, S.W.","contributorId":29105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506515,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Ellis, D. H.","contributorId":79830,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellis","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328510,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":5210222,"text":"5210222 - 1986 - Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), Section 4.3.1","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:18","indexId":"5210222","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), Section 4.3.1","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wildlife Resources Management Manual","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station","publisherLocation":"Vicksburg, Mississippi","collaboration":"OCLC: 14162102","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., 1986, Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), Section 4.3.1, chap. <i>of</i> U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wildlife Resources Management Manual, 36.","productDescription":"36","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201380,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a516","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039228,"text":"70039228 - 1986 - Wisconsin, a summary of water-resources activities of the United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey 1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-04T01:01:57","indexId":"70039228","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-07T13:07:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information Product","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"Wisconsin, a summary of water-resources activities of the United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey 1986","language":"English","doi":"10.3133/70039228","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1986, Wisconsin, a summary of water-resources activities of the United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey 1986: General Information Product, iv, 75 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039228.","productDescription":"iv, 75 p.","numberOfPages":"81","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":261408,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039228/report.pdf"},{"id":261409,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039228/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -92.9,42.5 ], [ -92.9,47.05 ], [ -86.81666666666666,47.05 ], [ -86.81666666666666,42.5 ], [ -92.9,42.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd16ee4b08c986b32f417","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80369,"text":"fwsobs82_10_125 - 1986 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Slider turtle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T14:14:47.937242","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_125","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.125","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Slider turtle","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model for the slider turtle (Pseudemys scripta). The model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) and 1.0 (optimum habitat). HSI models are designed to be used with Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Morreale, S.J., and Gibbons, J., 1986, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Slider turtle: FWS/OBS 82/10.125, vi, 14 p.","productDescription":"vi, 14 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190796,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649783","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morreale, Stephen J.","contributorId":63483,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morreale","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gibbons, J. Whitfield","contributorId":46584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gibbons","given":"J. Whitfield","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":80368,"text":"fwsobs82_10_129 - 1986 - Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Shortnose sturgeon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T14:35:27.599638","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_129","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.129","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Shortnose sturgeon","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop habitat suitability index models and instream flow suitability curves for the shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum). The model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application, and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) to 1.0 (optimum habitat). HSI models are designed to be used with Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Crance, J.H., 1986, Habitat Suitability Index Models and Instream Flow Suitability Curves: Shortnose sturgeon: FWS/OBS 82/10.129, vi, 31 p.","productDescription":"vi, 31 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649ef9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Crance, Johnie H.","contributorId":9326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crance","given":"Johnie","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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