Predation on juvenile native fish by introduced rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and brown trout Salmo trutta is considered a significant threat to the persistence of endangered humpback chub Gila cypha in the Colorado River in Grand Canyon. Diet studies of rainbow and brown trout in Glen and Grand canyons indicate that these species eat native fish, but impacts are difficult to assess because predation vulnerability is highly variable depending on the physical conditions under which the predation interactions take place. We conducted laboratory experiments to evaluate how short-term predation vulnerability of juvenile humpback chub changes in response to changes in turbidity. In overnight laboratory trials, we exposed hatchery-reared juvenile humpback chub and bonytail Gila elegans (a surrogate for humpback chub) to adult rainbow and brown trout at turbidities ranging from 0 to 1,000 formazin nephlometric units. We found that turbidity as low as 25 formazin nephlometric units significantly reduced predation vulnerability of bonytail to rainbow trout and led to a 36% mean increase in survival (24–60%, 95% CI) compared to trials conducted in clear water. Predation vulnerability of bonytail to brown trout at 25 formazin nephlometric units also decreased with increasing turbidity and resulted in a 25% increase in survival on average (17–32%, 95% CI). Understanding the effects of predation by trout on endangered humpback chub is important when evaluating management options aimed at preservation of native fishes in Grand Canyon National Park. This research suggests that relatively small changes in turbidity may be sufficient to alter predation dynamics of trout on humpback chub in the mainstem Colorado River and that turbidity manipulation may warrant further investigation as a fisheries management tool.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3996/102015-JFWM-101","usgsCitation":"Ward, D.L., Morton-Starner, R., and Vaage, B.M., 2016, Effects of turbidity on predation vulnerability of juvenile humpback chub to rainbow and brown trout: Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, v. 7, no. 1, p. 1-8, https://doi.org/10.3996/102015-JFWM-101.","productDescription":"8","startPage":"1","endPage":"8","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068566","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488574,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3996/102015-jfwm-101","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":322100,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575158b0e4b053f0edd03c3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ward, David L. 0000-0002-3355-0637 dlward@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3355-0637","contributorId":3879,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ward","given":"David","email":"dlward@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Morton-Starner, Rylan rmorton-starner@usgs.gov","contributorId":5256,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morton-Starner","given":"Rylan","email":"rmorton-starner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Vaage, Benjamin M. bvaage@usgs.gov","contributorId":5983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaage","given":"Benjamin","email":"bvaage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70171474,"text":"70171474 - 2016 - Gene transcript profiling in sea otters post-Exxon Valdez oil spill: A tool for marine ecosystem health assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T14:18:19.374654","indexId":"70171474","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T10:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2380,"text":"Journal of Marine Science and Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Gene transcript profiling in sea otters post-Exxon Valdez oil spill: A tool for marine ecosystem health assessment","title":"Gene transcript profiling in sea otters post-Exxon Valdez oil spill: A tool for marine ecosystem health assessment","docAbstract":"Using a panel of genes stimulated by oil exposure in a laboratory study, we evaluated gene transcription in blood leukocytes sampled from sea otters captured from 2006–2012 in western Prince William Sound (WPWS), Alaska, 17–23 years after the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill (EVOS). We compared WPWS sea otters to reference populations (not affected by the EVOS) from the Alaska Peninsula (2009), Katmai National Park and Preserve (2009), Clam Lagoon at Adak Island (2012), Kodiak Island (2005) and captive sea otters in aquaria. Statistically, sea otter gene transcript profiles separated into three distinct clusters: Cluster 1, Kodiak and WPWS 2006–2008 (higher relative transcription); Cluster 2, Clam Lagoon and WPWS 2010–2012 (lower relative transcription); and Cluster 3, Alaska Peninsula, Katmai and captive sea otters (intermediate relative transcription). The lower transcription of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), an established biomarker for hydrocarbon exposure, in WPWS 2010–2012 compared to earlier samples from WPWS is consistent with declining hydrocarbon exposure, but the pattern of overall low levels of transcription seen in WPWS 2010–2012 could be related to other factors, such as food limitation, pathogens or injury, and may indicate an inability to mount effective responses to stressors. Decreased transcriptional response across the entire gene panel precludes the evaluation of whether or not individual sea otters show signs of exposure to lingering oil. However, related studies on sea otter demographics indicate that by 2012, the sea otter population in WPWS had recovered, which indicates diminishing oil exposure.
","language":"English","publisher":"MDPI","publisherLocation":"Basel, Switzerland","doi":"10.3390/jmse4020039","usgsCitation":"Bowen, L., Miles, A.K., Ballachey, B.E., Waters-Dynes, S.C., and Bodkin, J.L., 2016, Gene transcript profiling in sea otters post-Exxon Valdez oil spill: A tool for marine ecosystem health assessment: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, v. 4, no. 2, 39, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse4020039.","productDescription":"39, 12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-076107","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470920,"rank":3,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse4020039","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":438615,"rank":2,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F789141P","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Sea Otter Gene Transcription Data from Kodiak, the Alaska Peninsula, and Prince William Sound, Alaska, 2005-2012"},{"id":322001,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Adak Island, Alaska Peninsula, Katmai National Park, Kodiak Island, Prince William Sound","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -175.517578125,\n 53.67068019347264\n ],\n [\n -178.06640625,\n 53.35710874569601\n ],\n [\n -179.38476562499997,\n 52.32191088594773\n ],\n [\n -179.4287109375,\n 51.34433866059924\n ],\n [\n -178.505859375,\n 50.708634400828224\n ],\n [\n -173.583984375,\n 50.56928286558243\n ],\n [\n -166.4208984375,\n 52.07950600379697\n ],\n [\n -162.8173828125,\n 53.04121304075649\n ],\n [\n -159.7412109375,\n 53.67068019347264\n ],\n [\n -156.09375,\n 54.546579538405034\n ],\n [\n -152.841796875,\n 55.751849391735284\n ],\n [\n -150.7763671875,\n 57.11238500793404\n ],\n [\n -149.8095703125,\n 57.9148477670092\n ],\n [\n -147.91992187499997,\n 58.63121664342478\n ],\n [\n -145.01953124999997,\n 58.97266715450153\n ],\n [\n -142.0751953125,\n 59.62332522313024\n ],\n [\n -140.9326171875,\n 60.08676274626006\n ],\n [\n -141.0205078125,\n 60.60854176060904\n ],\n [\n -141.3720703125,\n 61.33353967329142\n ],\n [\n -142.4267578125,\n 61.75233128411639\n ],\n [\n -146.3818359375,\n 61.83541335794044\n ],\n [\n -149.37011718749997,\n 61.83541335794044\n ],\n [\n -151.5234375,\n 61.16443708638275\n ],\n [\n -155.91796874999997,\n 59.91097597079679\n ],\n [\n -158.5986328125,\n 58.147518599073585\n ],\n [\n -160.0927734375,\n 56.8249328650072\n ],\n [\n -163.916015625,\n 55.677584411089505\n ],\n [\n -168.662109375,\n 54.316523240258284\n ],\n [\n -175.517578125,\n 53.67068019347264\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574ff91ce4b0ee97d51af4d9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bowen, Lizabeth 0000-0001-9115-4336 lbowen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9115-4336","contributorId":4539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowen","given":"Lizabeth","email":"lbowen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Miles, A. 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What are the effects of fire on the predicted water scarcity and declines in water quality? Drinking water supplies for humans, the emphasis of this exploration, are derived from several land cover types, including forests, grasslands and peatlands, which are vulnerable to fire. In the last two decades, fires have affected the water supply catchments of Denver (CO) and other southwestern US cities, and four major Australian cities including Sydney, Canberra, Adelaide and Melbourne. In the same time period, several, though not all, national, regional and global water assessments have included fire in evaluations of the risks that affect water supplies. The objective of this discussion is to explore the nexus of fire, water and society with the hope that a more explicit understanding of fire effects on water supplies will encourage the incorporation of fire into future assessments of water supplies, into the pyrogeography conceptual framework and into planning efforts directed at water resiliency.
","language":"English","publisher":"Royal Society Publishing","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2015.0172","usgsCitation":"Martin, D.A., 2016, At the nexus of fire, water and society: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, v. 371, no. 1696, Article 20150172, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0172.","productDescription":"Article 20150172","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073771","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470919,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0172","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321952,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"371","issue":"1696","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574ff91be4b0ee97d51af4cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Deborah A. 0000-0001-8237-0838 damartin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8237-0838","contributorId":168662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Deborah","email":"damartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":631160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70168457,"text":"70168457 - 2016 - The social, economic, and environmental importance of inland fish and fisheries","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-24T13:50:19","indexId":"70168457","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5056,"text":"Environmental Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The social, economic, and environmental importance of inland fish and fisheries","docAbstract":"Though reported capture fisheries are dominated by marine production, inland fish and fisheries make substantial contributions to meeting the challenges faced by individuals, society, and the environment in a changing global landscape. Inland capture fisheries and aquaculture contribute over 40% to the world’s reported finfish production from less than 0.01% of the total volume of water on earth. These fisheries provide food for billions and livelihoods for millions of people worldwide. Herein, using supporting evidence from the literature, we review 10 reasons why inland fish and fisheries are important to the individual (food security, economic security, empowerment), to society (cultural services, recreational services, human health and well-being, knowledge transfer and capacity building), and to the environment (ecosystem function and biodiversity, as aquatic “canaries”, the “green food” movement). However, the current limitations to valuing the services provided by inland fish and fisheries make comparison with other water resource users extremely difficult. This list can serve to demonstrate the importance of inland fish and fisheries, a necessary first step to better incorporating them into agriculture, land-use, and water resource planning, where they are currently often underappreciated or ignored.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/er-2015-0064","usgsCitation":"Lynch, A., Cooke, S., Deines, A.M., Bower, S.D., Bunnell, D., Cowx, I.G., Nguyen, V., Nohner, J.K., Phouthavong, K., Riley, B., Rogers, M.W., Taylor, W., Woelmer, W., Youn, S., and Beard, T., 2016, The social, economic, and environmental importance of inland fish and fisheries: Environmental Reviews, v. 24, no. 2, p. 115-121, https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2015-0064.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"121","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061514","costCenters":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36940,"text":"National Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470937,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1139/er-2015-0064","text":"External 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Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Deines, Andrew M.","contributorId":166920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deines","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bower, Shannon D.","contributorId":166921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bower","given":"Shannon","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":17786,"text":"Carleton University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bunnell, David B. dbunnell@usgs.gov","contributorId":166919,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunnell","given":"David B.","email":"dbunnell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science 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Kaviphone","contributorId":166924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Phouthavong","given":"Kaviphone","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24573,"text":"Hull University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Riley, Betsy","contributorId":166925,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riley","given":"Betsy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Rogers, Mark W. 0000-0001-7205-5623 mwrogers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7205-5623","contributorId":4590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rogers","given":"Mark","email":"mwrogers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Taylor, William W.","contributorId":113795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"William W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Woelmer, Whitney 0000-0001-5147-3877 wwoelmer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5147-3877","contributorId":150485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woelmer","given":"Whitney","email":"wwoelmer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Youn, So-Jung","contributorId":166926,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Youn","given":"So-Jung","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Beard, T. Douglas Jr. dbeard@usgs.gov","contributorId":150495,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beard","given":"T. Douglas","suffix":"Jr.","email":"dbeard@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":620438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70178866,"text":"70178866 - 2016 - Change in numbers of resident and migratory shorebirds at the Cabo Rojo Salt Flats, Puerto Rico, USA (1985–2014)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-09T15:55:55","indexId":"70178866","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Change in numbers of resident and migratory shorebirds at the Cabo Rojo Salt Flats, Puerto Rico, USA (1985–2014)","docAbstract":"North American migratory shorebirds have declined markedly since the 1980s, underscoring the importance of population surveys to conduct status and trend assessments. Shorebird surveys were conducted during three multi-year periods between 1985 and 2014 and used to assess changes in numbers and species composition at the Cabo Rojo Salt Flats, Puerto Rico, USA, a site of regional importance in the eastern Caribbean. Eight fewer species (total = 21) were recorded in 2013–2014 as compared to the 29 from 1985–1992; all eight species were Nearctic migrants. Small calidrids had the highest population counts; however, this suite of species and all others experienced a ≥ 70% decline. Combined counts from the salt flats and neighboring wetlands in 2013–2014 were lower than counts only from the Cabo Rojo Salt Flats in two previous multi-year survey periods, which indicated a real change in numbers not just a shift in wetland use. Invertebrate prey density was lower in 2013–2014 than in 1994. Body fat condition of Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla), an index of habitat quality, did not differ between 1985–1992 and 2013–2014. These findings do not exclude the possibility that other species might be affected by lower prey density, or that local declines in numbers reflect changes at hemispheric, not local, scales. The magnitude of change between local and hemispheric scales closely matched for some species. Continued monitoring at the salt flats is warranted to help gauge the status of shorebirds in Puerto Rico and discern the probable cause of declines. Monitoring other sites in the Caribbean is needed for stronger inferences about regional status and trends.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.039.0213","usgsCitation":"Parks, M.A., Collazo, J., Colon, J.A., Ramos Alvarez, K.R., and Diaz, O., 2016, Change in numbers of resident and migratory shorebirds at the Cabo Rojo Salt Flats, Puerto Rico, USA (1985–2014): Waterbirds, v. 39, no. 2, p. 209-214, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.039.0213.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"214","ipdsId":"IP-070135","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":331828,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Puerto Rico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -67.21641540527344,\n 17.928109247721633\n ],\n [\n -67.21641540527344,\n 18.061659495798455\n ],\n [\n -67.05162048339844,\n 18.061659495798455\n ],\n [\n -67.05162048339844,\n 17.928109247721633\n ],\n [\n -67.21641540527344,\n 17.928109247721633\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"39","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"584bd0dee4b077fc20250e10","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parks, Morgan A.","contributorId":177347,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parks","given":"Morgan","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Collazo, Jaime A. 0000-0002-1816-7744 jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-7744","contributorId":173448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collazo","given":"Jaime A.","email":"jaime_collazo@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":655383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colon, Jose A.","contributorId":177349,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colon","given":"Jose","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ramos Alvarez, Katsi R.","contributorId":177348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ramos Alvarez","given":"Katsi","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Diaz, Oscar","contributorId":177350,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diaz","given":"Oscar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70179388,"text":"70179388 - 2016 - Trophic dynamics of shrinking Subarctic lakes: naturally eutrophic waters impart resilience to rising nutrient and major ion concentrations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-07T13:58:08","indexId":"70179388","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trophic dynamics of shrinking Subarctic lakes: naturally eutrophic waters impart resilience to rising nutrient and major ion concentrations","docAbstract":"Shrinking lakes were recently observed for several Arctic and Subarctic regions due to increased evaporation and permafrost degradation. Along with lake drawdown, these processes often boost aquatic chemical concentrations, potentially impacting trophic dynamics. In particular, elevated chemical levels may impact primary productivity, which may in turn influence populations of primary and secondary consumers. We examined trophic dynamics of 18 shrinking lakes of the Yukon Flats, Alaska, that had experienced pronounced increases in nutrient (>200 % total nitrogen, >100 % total phosphorus) and ion concentrations (>100 % for four major ions combined) from 1985-1989 to 2010-2012, versus 37 stable lakes with relatively little chemical change over the same period. We found that phytoplankton stocks, as indexed by chlorophyll concentrations, remained unchanged in both shrinking and stable lakes from the 1980s to 2010s. Moving up the trophic ladder, we found significant changes in invertebrate abundance across decades, including decreased abundance of five of six groups examined. However, these decadal losses in invertebrate abundance were not limited to shrinking lakes, occurring in lakes with stable surface areas as well. At the top of the food web, we observed that probabilities of lake occupancy for ten waterbird species, including adults and chicks, remained unchanged from the period 1985-1989 to 2010-2012. Overall, our study lakes displayed a high degree of resilience to multi-trophic cascades caused by rising chemical concentrations. This resilience was likely due to their naturally high fertility, such that further nutrient inputs had little impact on waters already near peak production.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-016-3572-y","usgsCitation":"Lewis, T., Lindberg, M.S., Schmutz, J.A., Heglund, P., Schmidt, J.H., Dubour, A.J., Rover, J.R., and Bertram, M.R., 2016, Trophic dynamics of shrinking Subarctic lakes: naturally eutrophic waters impart resilience to rising nutrient and major ion concentrations: Oecologia, v. 181, no. 2, p. 583-596, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-016-3572-y.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"583","endPage":"596","ipdsId":"IP-065514","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332674,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.064453125,\n 68.13885164925573\n ],\n [\n -152.4462890625,\n 66.8265202749748\n ],\n [\n -155.17089843749997,\n 66.17826596326798\n ],\n [\n -154.775390625,\n 64.92354174306496\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 63.13450320833446\n ],\n [\n -141.064453125,\n 68.13885164925573\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"181","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586781f8e4b0cd2dabe7c71d","chorus":{"doi":"10.1007/s00442-016-3572-y","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-016-3572-y","publisher":"Springer Nature","authors":"Lewis Tyler L., Heglund Patricia J., Lindberg Mark S., Schmutz Joel A., Schmidt Joshua H., Dubour Adam J., Rover Jennifer, Bertram Mark R.","journalName":"Oecologia","publicationDate":"2/8/2016","auditedOn":"8/1/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"2/8/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Tyler 0000-0002-4998-3031 tlewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4998-3031","contributorId":169307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Tyler","email":"tlewis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindberg, Mark S.","contributorId":63292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heglund, Patricia J.","contributorId":51248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heglund","given":"Patricia J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmidt, Joshua H.","contributorId":177786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dubour, Adam J.","contributorId":140464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dubour","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rover, Jennifer R. 0000-0002-3437-4030 jrover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3437-4030","contributorId":2941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rover","given":"Jennifer","email":"jrover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bertram, Mark R.","contributorId":140463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bertram","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70168588,"text":"70168588 - 2016 - Enhancing drought resilience with conjunctive use and managed aquifer recharge in California and Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-13T13:55:04","indexId":"70168588","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Enhancing drought resilience with conjunctive use and managed aquifer recharge in California and Arizona","docAbstract":"Projected longer‐term droughts and intense floods underscore the need to store more water to manage climate extremes. Here we show how depleted aquifers have been used to store water by substituting surface water use for groundwater pumpage (conjunctive use, CU) or recharging groundwater with surface water (Managed Aquifer Recharge, MAR). Unique multi‐decadal monitoring from thousands of wells and regional modeling datasets for the California Central Valley and central Arizona were used to assess CU and MAR. In addition to natural reservoir capacity related to deep water tables, historical groundwater depletion further expanded aquifer storage by ~44 km3 in the Central Valley and by ~100 km3 in Arizona, similar to or exceeding current surface reservoir capacity by up to three times. Local river water and imported surface water, transported through 100s of km of canals, is substituted for groundwater (≤15 km3/yr, CU) or is used to recharge groundwater (MAR, ≤1.5 km3/yr) during wet years shifting to mostly groundwater pumpage during droughts. In the Central Valley, CU and MAR locally reversed historically declining water‐level trends, which contrasts with simulated net regional groundwater depletion. In Arizona, CU and MAR also reversed historically declining groundwater level trends in Active Management Areas. These rising trends contrast with current declining trends in irrigated areas that lack access to surface water to support CU or MAR. Use of depleted aquifers as reservoirs could expand with winter flood irrigation or capturing flood discharges to the Pacific (0 – 1.6 km3/yr, 2000–2014) with additional infrastructure in California. Because flexibility and expanded portfolio options translate to resilience, CU and MAR enhance drought resilience through multi‐year storage, complementing shorter term surface reservoir storage, and facilitating water markets.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/049501","usgsCitation":"Scanlon, B., Reedy, R., Faunt, C., Pool, D.R., and Uhlman, K., 2016, Enhancing drought resilience with conjunctive use and managed aquifer recharge in California and Arizona: Environmental Research Letters, v. 11, no. 3, Article 035013; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/049501.","productDescription":"Article 035013; 15 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-072928","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/049501","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324524,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fafe4b07657d1a90cbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scanlon, Bridget R.","contributorId":74093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scanlon","given":"Bridget R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reedy, Robert C.","contributorId":92956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reedy","given":"Robert C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faunt, Claudia C. 0000-0001-5659-7529 ccfaunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":150147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"Claudia C.","email":"ccfaunt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pool, Donald R. drpool@usgs.gov","contributorId":1121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"Donald","email":"drpool@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Uhlman, Kristine;","contributorId":167093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Uhlman","given":"Kristine;","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17599,"text":"Texas Bureau of Economic Geology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70171121,"text":"70171121 - 2016 - Regional assessment of persistent organic pollutants in resident mussels from New Jersey and New York estuaries following Hurricane Sandy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:32:44","indexId":"70171121","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional assessment of persistent organic pollutants in resident mussels from New Jersey and New York estuaries following Hurricane Sandy","docAbstract":"Resident mussels are effective indicators of ecosystem health and have been utilized in national assessment and monitoring studies for over two decades. Mussels were chosen because contaminant concentrations in their tissues respond to changes in ambient environmental levels, accumulation occurs with little metabolic transformation and a substantial amount of historic data were available. Mussels were collected from 10 previously studied locations approximately a year after Hurricane Sandy. Regionally, concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) decreased significantly, while concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) remained unchanged, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) increased compared to historic concentrations. Although concentrations of PCBs, OCPs and PAHs were at or near record low concentrations, long-term trends did not change after Hurricane Sandy. To effectively measure storm-induced impacts it is necessary to understand the factors influencing changes in mussel body burdens and have a long-term monitoring network and an ability to mobilize post event.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.077","usgsCitation":"Smalling, K., Deshpande, A.D., Galbraith, H.S., Sharack, B., Timmons, D., and Baker, R.J., 2016, Regional assessment of persistent organic pollutants in resident mussels from New Jersey and New York estuaries following Hurricane Sandy: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 107, no. 2, p. 432-441, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.077.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"432","endPage":"441","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066943","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.077","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324533,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.5587158203125,\n 39.41922073655956\n ],\n [\n -74.34997558593749,\n 39.317300373271024\n ],\n [\n -74.0313720703125,\n 39.76210275375137\n ],\n [\n -73.8446044921875,\n 40.48455955508278\n ],\n [\n -71.71875,\n 41.02135510866602\n ],\n [\n -71.91650390625,\n 41.18278832811288\n ],\n [\n -74.10827636718749,\n 40.62646106367355\n ],\n [\n -74.322509765625,\n 39.78321267821705\n ],\n [\n -74.5587158203125,\n 39.41922073655956\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb6e4b07657d1a90d40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smalling, Kelly L. 0000-0002-1214-4920 ksmall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1214-4920","contributorId":149769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalling","given":"Kelly L. ","email":"ksmall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":629970,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Deshpande, Ashok D.","contributorId":146498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deshpande","given":"Ashok","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":12641,"text":"NOAA NMFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629971,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Galbraith, Heather S. 0000-0003-3704-3517 hgalbraith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3704-3517","contributorId":4519,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Galbraith","given":"Heather","email":"hgalbraith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629972,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sharack, Beth","contributorId":146503,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sharack","given":"Beth","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12641,"text":"NOAA NMFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Timmons, DeMond","contributorId":146504,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Timmons","given":"DeMond","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12641,"text":"NOAA NMFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baker, Ronald J. rbaker@usgs.gov","contributorId":1436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"Ronald","email":"rbaker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70171202,"text":"ofr20161088 - 2016 - Hydrologic analyses in support of the Navajo Generating Station–Kayenta Mine Complex environmental impact statement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-01T16:40:27","indexId":"ofr20161088","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1088","title":"Hydrologic analyses in support of the Navajo Generating Station–Kayenta Mine Complex environmental impact statement","docAbstract":"The U.S. Department of Interior’s Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado Region (Reclamation) is preparing an environmental impact statement (EIS) for the Navajo Generating Station-Kayenta Mine Complex Project (NGS-KMC Project). The proposed project involves various Federal approvals that would facilitate continued operation of the Navajo Generating Station (NGS) from December 23, 2019 through 2044, and continued operation of the Kayenta Mine and support facilities (collectively called the Kayenta Mine Complex, or KMC) to supply coal to the NGS for this operational period. The EIS will consider several project alternatives that are likely to produce different effects on the Navajo (N) aquifer; the N aquifer is the principal water resource in the Black Mesa area used by the Navajo Nation, Hopi Tribe, and Peabody Western Coal Company (PWCC).
The N aquifer is composed of three hydraulically connected formations—the Navajo Sandstone, the Kayenta Formation, and the Lukachukai Member of the Wingate Sandstone—that function as a single aquifer. The N aquifer is confined under most of Black Mesa, and the overlying stratigraphy limits recharge to this part of the aquifer. The N aquifer is unconfined in areas surrounding Black Mesa, and most recharge occurs where the Navajo Sandstone is exposed in the area near Shonto, Arizona. Overlying the N aquifer is the D aquifer, which includes the Dakota Sandstone, Morrison Formation, Entrada Sandstone, and Carmel Formation. The aquifer is named for the Dakota Sandstone, which is the primary water-bearing unit.
The NGS is located near Page, Arizona on the Navajo Nation. The KMC, which delivers coal to NGS by way of a dedicated electric railroad, is located approximately 83 miles southeast of NGS (about 125 miles northeast of Flagstaff, Arizona). The Kayenta Mine permit area is located on about 44,073 acres of land leased within the boundaries of the Hopi and Navajo Indian Reservations. KMC has been conducting mining and reclamation operations within the Kayenta Mine permit boundary since 1973.
The KMC part of the proposed project requires approval by the Office of Surface Mining (OSM) of a significant revision of the mine’s permit to operate in accordance with the Surface Mine Control and Reclamation Act (Public Law 95-87, 91 Stat. 445 [30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.]). The revision will identify coal resource areas that may be used to continue extracting coal at the present rate of approximately 8.2 million tons per year. The Kayenta Mine Complex uses water pumped from the D and N aquifers beneath PWCC’s leasehold to support mining and reclamation activities. Prior to 2006, water from the PWCC well field also was used to transport coal by way of a coal-slurry pipeline to the now-closed Mohave Generating Station. Water usage at the leasehold was approximately 4,100 acre-feet per year (acre-ft/yr) during the period the pipeline was in use, and declined to an average 1,255 acre-ft/yr from 2006 to 2011. The Probable Hydrologic Consequences (PHC) section of the mining and reclamation permit must be modified to project the consequences of extended water use by the mine for the duration of the KMC part of the project, including a post-mining reclamation period.
Since 1971, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has conducted the Black Mesa Monitoring Program, which consists of monitoring water levels and water quality in the N aquifer, compiling information on water use by PWCC and tribal communities, maintaining several stream-gaging stations, measuring discharge at selected springs, conducting special studies, and reporting findings. These data are useful in evaluating the effects on the N aquifer from PWCC and community pumping, and the effects of variable precipitation.
The EIS will assess the impacts of continued pumping on the N aquifer, including changes in storage, water quality, and effects on spring and baseflow discharge, by proposed mining through 2044, and during the reclamation process to 2057.
Several groundwater models exist for the area and Reclamation concluded it would conduct a peer review of the groundwater flow model that will be used to assess the direct, reasonably foreseeable indirect, and cumulative effects of future groundwater withdrawals on the D and N aquifers in the Black Mesa area. Reclamation made this determination because of the level of controversy around the effects of continued water use and the comments received from the 2014 draft EIS scoping meetings. Reclamation requested assistance from the USGS in evaluating existing groundwater flow models of the Black Mesa Basin that can be used to predict the effects of different project alternatives on the D and N aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161088","productDescription":"vi, 23 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-076168","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321807,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1088/ofr20161088.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1088"},{"id":321806,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1088/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Black Mesa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.4453125,\n 35.545635932499415\n ],\n [\n -111.4453125,\n 36.84446074079564\n ],\n [\n -109.6490478515625,\n 36.84446074079564\n ],\n [\n -109.6490478515625,\n 35.545635932499415\n ],\n [\n -111.4453125,\n 35.545635932499415\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
http://az.water.usgs.gov/
Quantifying flow of groundwater through streambeds often is difficult due to the complexity of aquifer-scale heterogeneity combined with local-scale hyporheic exchange. We used fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing (FO-DTS), seepage meters, and vertical temperature profiling to locate, quantify, and monitor areas of focused groundwater discharge in a geomorphically simple sand-bed stream. This combined approach allowed us to rapidly focus efforts at locations where prodigious amounts of groundwater discharged to the Quashnet River on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, northeastern USA. FO-DTS detected numerous anomalously cold reaches one to several m long that persisted over two summers. Seepage meters positioned upstream, within, and downstream of 7 anomalously cold reaches indicated that rapid groundwater discharge occurred precisely where the bed was cold; median upward seepage was nearly 5 times faster than seepage measured in streambed areas not identified as cold. Vertical temperature profilers deployed next to 8 seepage meters provided diurnal-signal-based seepage estimates that compared remarkably well with seepage-meter values. Regression slope and R2 values both were near 1 for seepage ranging from 0.05 to 3.0 m d−1. Temperature-based seepage model accuracy was improved with thermal diffusivity determined locally from diurnal signals. Similar calculations provided values for streambed sediment scour and deposition at subdaily resolution. Seepage was strongly heterogeneous even along a sand-bed river that flows over a relatively uniform sand and fine-gravel aquifer. FO-DTS was an efficient method for detecting areas of rapid groundwater discharge, even in a strongly gaining river, that can then be quantified over time with inexpensive streambed thermal methods.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU","doi":"10.1002/2016WR018808","usgsCitation":"Rosenberry, D.O., Briggs, M.A., Delin, G.N., and Hare, D.K., 2016, Combined use of thermal methods and seepage meters to efficiently locate, quantify, and monitor focused groundwater discharge to a sand-bed stream: Water Resources Research, v. 52, no. 6, p. 4486-4503, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR018808.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"4486","endPage":"4503","ipdsId":"IP-074377","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2016wr018808","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346111,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.5154037475586,\n 41.58810068130451\n ],\n [\n -70.499267578125,\n 41.58810068130451\n ],\n [\n -70.499267578125,\n 41.6154423246811\n ],\n [\n -70.5154037475586,\n 41.6154423246811\n ],\n [\n -70.5154037475586,\n 41.58810068130451\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-06-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59cb6732e4b017cf3141c697","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenberry, Donald O. 0000-0003-0681-5641 rosenber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0681-5641","contributorId":1312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenberry","given":"Donald","email":"rosenber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Briggs, Martin A. 0000-0003-3206-4132 mbriggs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-4132","contributorId":4114,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Briggs","given":"Martin","email":"mbriggs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":486,"text":"OGW Branch of Geophysics","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Delin, Geoffrey N. 0000-0001-7991-6158 delin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7991-6158","contributorId":2610,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Delin","given":"Geoffrey","email":"delin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":5063,"text":"Central Water Science Field Team","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hare, Danielle K.","contributorId":76222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hare","given":"Danielle","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70178112,"text":"70178112 - 2016 - Making it and breaking it in the Midwest: Continental assembly and rifting from modeling of EarthScope magnetotelluric data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-09T12:14:08","indexId":"70178112","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Making it and breaking it in the Midwest: Continental assembly and rifting from modeling of EarthScope magnetotelluric data","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional lithospheric-scale resistivity model of the North American mid-continent has been estimated based upon EarthScope magnetotelluric data. Details of the resistivity model are discussed in relation to lithospheric sutures, defined primarily from aeromagnetic and geochronologic data, which record the southward growth of the Laurentian margin in the Proterozoic. The resistivity signature of the 1.1 Ga Mid-continent Rift System is examined in detail, in particular as relates to rift geometry, extent, and segmentation. An unrecognized expanse of (concealed) Proterozoic deltaic deposits in Kansas is identified and speculated to result from axial drainage along the southwest rift arm akin to the Rio Grande delta which drains multiple rift basins. A prominent conductor traces out Cambrian rifting in Arkansas, Missouri, Tennessee, and Kentucky; this linear conductor has not been imaged before and suggests that the Cambrian rift system may have been more extensive than previously thought. The highest conductivity within the mid-continent is imaged in Minnesota, Michigan, and Wisconsin where it is coincident with Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks. The high conductivity is attributed to metallic sulfides, and in some cases, graphite. The former is a potential source of sulfur for multiple mineral deposits types, occurrences of which are found throughout the region. Finally, the imprint left within the mantle following the 1.1 Ga rifting event is examined. Variations in lithospheric mantle conductivity are observed and are interpreted to reflect variations in water content (depleted versus metasomatized mantle) imprinted upon the mantle by the Keweenawan mantle plume.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2016.03.009","usgsCitation":"Bedrosian, P.A., 2016, Making it and breaking it in the Midwest: Continental assembly and rifting from modeling of EarthScope magnetotelluric data: Precambrian Research, v. 278, p. 337-361, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2016.03.009.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"337","endPage":"361","ipdsId":"IP-071110","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37273,"text":"Advanced Research Computing (ARC)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470941,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2016.03.009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330684,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"278","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"581c4cc3e4b09688d6e90fb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70176693,"text":"70176693 - 2016 - Map visualization of groundwater withdrawals at the sub-basin scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-29T14:00:06","indexId":"70176693","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Map visualization of groundwater withdrawals at the sub-basin scale","docAbstract":"A simple method is proposed to visualize the magnitude of groundwater withdrawals from wells relative to user-defined water-resource metrics. The map is solely an illustration of the withdrawal magnitudes, spatially centered on wells—it is not capture zones or source areas contributing recharge to wells. Common practice is to scale the size (area) of withdrawal well symbols proportional to pumping rate. Symbols are drawn large enough to be visible, but not so large that they overlap excessively. In contrast to such graphics-based symbol sizes, the proposed method uses a depth-rate index (length per time) to visualize the well withdrawal rates by volumetrically consistent areas, called “footprints”. The area of each individual well’s footprint is the withdrawal rate divided by the depth-rate index. For example, the groundwater recharge rate could be used as a depth-rate index to show how large withdrawals are relative to that recharge. To account for the interference of nearby wells, composite footprints are computed by iterative nearest-neighbor distribution of excess withdrawals on a computational and display grid having uniform square cells. The map shows circular footprints at individual isolated wells and merged footprint areas where wells’ individual footprints overlap. Examples are presented for depth-rate indexes corresponding to recharge, to spatially variable stream baseflow (normalized by basin area), and to the average rate of water-table decline (scaled by specific yield). These depth-rate indexes are water-resource metrics, and the footprints visualize the magnitude of withdrawals relative to these metrics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-016-1379-x","usgsCitation":"Goode, D., 2016, Map visualization of groundwater withdrawals at the sub-basin scale: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 24, no. 4, p. 1057-1065, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-016-1379-x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1057","endPage":"1065","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329095,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c6bbe4b0bc0bec09cb08","chorus":{"doi":"10.1007/s10040-016-1379-x","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-016-1379-x","publisher":"Springer Nature","authors":"Goode Daniel J.","journalName":"Hydrogeology Journal","publicationDate":"2/15/2016","auditedOn":"8/1/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"2/15/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goode, Daniel J. 0000-0002-8527-2456 djgoode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-2456","contributorId":2433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goode","given":"Daniel J.","email":"djgoode@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":649897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70173817,"text":"70173817 - 2016 - Mercury accumulation and the mercury-PCB-sex interaction in summer flounder","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:06:41","indexId":"70173817","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5100,"text":"Journal of Marine Science: Research & Development","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury accumulation and the mercury-PCB-sex interaction in summer flounder","docAbstract":"Patterns in the relative differences in contaminant concentrations between the sexes of mature fish may reveal important behavioral and physiological differences between the sexes. We determined whole-fish total mercury (Hg) concentrations in 23 female summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) and 27 male summer flounder from New Jersey coastal waters. To estimate the change in Hg concentration due to release of eggs at spawning, Hg concentration in the somatic tissue and ovaries of 5 of the 23 female summer flounder were also determined. To ascertain whether most of the Hg in the summer flounder was methylmercury (MeHg), whole-fish MeHg concentrations were determined in all 50 summer flounder. Whole-fish Hg concentrations averaged 113 ng/g for females and 111 ng/g for males. Thus, females were 2% higher in Hg concentration than males, on average, but the difference was not statistically significant. Based on Hg determinations in the somatic tissue and ovaries, we predicted that Hg concentration of females would increase by 3.6%, on average, immediately after spawning due to release of eggs. On average, 92% of the Hg in the summer flounder was MeHg. To determine whether the effect of sex on Hg concentration was significantly different from the effect of sex on polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentration, we paired our Hg determinations with PCB determinations from a previous study, and applied regression analysis. Sex significantly interacted with contaminant type (Hg or PCBs), as males were 43% higher in PCB concentration than females, whereas females were 2% higher in Hg concentration than males. Males eliminating Hg from their bodies at a faster rate than females was a likely explanation for this discrepancy between the two contaminant types. Overall, the Hg and PCB concentrations in the summer flounder were relatively low, and therefore our findings also had implications for continued operation of the summer flounder fishery.
","language":"English","publisher":"OMICS International","doi":"10.4172/2155-9910.1000188","usgsCitation":"Madenjian, C.P., Jensen, O.P., Krabbenhoft, D.P., DeWild, J.F., Ogorek, J.M., and Vastano, A.R., 2016, Mercury accumulation and the mercury-PCB-sex interaction in summer flounder: Journal of Marine Science: Research & Development, v. 6, no. 2, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9910.1000188.","productDescription":"Article 188; 7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070868","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470923,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9910.1000188","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324259,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576bb6b8e4b07657d1a22906","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jensen, Olaf P.","contributorId":92159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"Olaf","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeWild, John F. 0000-0003-4097-2798 jfdewild@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-2798","contributorId":2525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWild","given":"John","email":"jfdewild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ogorek, Jacob M. 0000-0002-6327-0740 jmogorek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6327-0740","contributorId":4960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogorek","given":"Jacob","email":"jmogorek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vastano, Anthony R.","contributorId":152434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vastano","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70170996,"text":"70170996 - 2016 - Dynamic simulation and numerical analysis of hurricane storm surge under sea level rise with geomorphologic changes along the northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-16T11:34:36","indexId":"70170996","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5053,"text":"Earth's Future","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dynamic simulation and numerical analysis of hurricane storm surge under sea level rise with geomorphologic changes along the northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"This work outlines a dynamic modeling framework to examine the effects of global climate change, and sea level rise (SLR) in particular, on tropical cyclone-driven storm surge inundation. The methodology, applied across the northern Gulf of Mexico, adapts a present day large-domain, high resolution, tide, wind-wave, and hurricane storm surge model to characterize the potential outlook of the coastal landscape under four SLR scenarios for the year 2100. The modifications include shoreline and barrier island morphology, marsh migration, and land use land cover change. Hydrodynamics of 10 historic hurricanes were simulated through each of the five model configurations (present day and four SLR scenarios). Under SLR, the total inundated land area increased by 87% and developed and agricultural lands by 138% and 189%, respectively. Peak surge increased by as much as 1 m above the applied SLR in some areas, and other regions were subject to a reduction in peak surge, with respect to the applied SLR, indicating a nonlinear response. Analysis of time-series water surface elevation suggests the interaction between SLR and storm surge is nonlinear in time; SLR increased the time of inundation and caused an earlier arrival of the peak surge, which cannot be addressed using a static (“bathtub”) modeling framework. This work supports the paradigm shift to using a dynamic modeling framework to examine the effects of global climate change on coastal inundation. The outcomes have broad implications and ultimately support a better holistic understanding of the coastal system and aid restoration and long-term coastal sustainability.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, NJ","doi":"10.1002/2015EF000347","usgsCitation":"Bilskie, M.V., Hagen, S., Alizad, K., Medeiros, S., Passeri, D., Needham, H., and Cox, A., 2016, Dynamic simulation and numerical analysis of hurricane storm surge under sea level rise with geomorphologic changes along the northern Gulf of Mexico: Earth's Future, v. 4, no. 5, p. 177-193, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015EF000347.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"193","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071880","costCenters":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470938,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015ef000347","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323971,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -88.1982421875,\n 29.530450107491063\n ],\n [\n -88.1982421875,\n 30.727670895047673\n ],\n [\n -84.287109375,\n 30.727670895047673\n ],\n [\n -84.287109375,\n 29.530450107491063\n ],\n [\n -88.1982421875,\n 29.530450107491063\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913b6e4b07657d19ff01a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bilskie, Matthew V.","contributorId":166891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bilskie","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":16154,"text":"LSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hagen, S.C.","contributorId":169331,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hagen","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16154,"text":"LSU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Alizad, K.A.","contributorId":169332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Alizad","given":"K.A.","affiliations":[{"id":24567,"text":"UCF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Medeiros, S.C.","contributorId":169333,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Medeiros","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24567,"text":"UCF","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Passeri, Davina 0000-0002-9760-3195 dpasseri@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9760-3195","contributorId":166889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Passeri","given":"Davina","email":"dpasseri@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":574,"text":"St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Needham, H.F.","contributorId":169334,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Needham","given":"H.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25478,"text":"Marine Weather and Climate, Baton Rouge, LA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":629553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cox, A.","contributorId":89266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70170651,"text":"70170651 - 2016 - Future land-use related water demand in California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-29T15:03:33","indexId":"70170651","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Future land-use related water demand in California","docAbstract":"Water shortages in California are a growing concern amidst ongoing drought, earlier spring snowmelt, projected future climate warming, and currently mandated water use restrictions. Increases in population and land use in coming decades will place additional pressure on already limited available water supplies. We used a state-and-transition simulation model to project future changes in developed (municipal and industrial) and agricultural land use to estimate associated water use demand from 2012 to 2062. Under current efficiency rates, total water use was projected to increase 1.8 billion cubic meters(+4.1%) driven primarily by urbanization and shifts to more water intensive crops. Only if currently mandated 25% reductions in municipal water use are continuously implemented would water demand in 2062 balance to water use levels in 2012. This is the first modeling effort of its kind to examine regional land-use related water demand incorporating historical trends of both developed and agricultural land uses.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/11/5/054018","usgsCitation":"Wilson, T., Sleeter, B.M., and Cameron, D.R., 2016, Future land-use related water demand in California: Environmental Research Letters, v. 11, no. 5, Article 054018; 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/5/054018.","productDescription":"Article 054018; 12 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066502","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/5/054018","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324643,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.92626953124999,\n 40.79717741518769\n ],\n [\n -120.62988281249999,\n 38.47939467327645\n ],\n [\n -118.38867187500001,\n 36.03133177633187\n ],\n [\n -115.55419921875,\n 32.657875736955305\n ],\n [\n -117.158203125,\n 32.52828936482526\n ],\n [\n -120.76171875,\n 34.45221847282654\n ],\n [\n -122.32177734375,\n 36.77409249464195\n ],\n [\n -123.92578125,\n 38.95940879245423\n ],\n [\n -123.46435546875,\n 39.67337039176558\n ],\n [\n -122.76123046875,\n 40.44694705960048\n ],\n [\n -121.92626953124999,\n 40.79717741518769\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-05-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5774e339e4b07dd077c5fc36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilson, Tamara 0000-0001-7399-7532 tswilson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7399-7532","contributorId":2975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"Tamara","email":"tswilson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571 bsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":3479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"bsleeter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cameron, D. Richard","contributorId":168996,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cameron","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"Richard","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":627980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70170569,"text":"70170569 - 2016 - One thousand years of fires: Integrating proxy and model data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-12-17T21:13:58.236532","indexId":"70170569","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5093,"text":"Frontiers of Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"One thousand years of fires: Integrating proxy and model data","docAbstract":"The current fires raging across Indonesia are emitting more carbon than the annual fossil fuel emissions of Germany or Japan, and the fires are still consuming vast tracts of rainforest and peatlands. The National Interagency Fire Center (www.nifc.gov) notes that 2015 is one worst fire years on record in the U.S., where more than 9 million acres burned -- equivalent to the combined size of Massachusetts and New Jersey. The U.S. and Indonesian fires have already displaced tens of thousands of people, and their impacts on ecosystems are still unclear. In the case of Indonesia, the burning peat is destroying much of the existing soil, with unknown implications for the type of vegetation regrowth. Such large fires result from a combination of fire management practices, increasing anthropogenic land use, and a changing climate.
\nThe expected increase in fire activity in the upcoming decades has led to a surge in research trying to understand their causes, the factors that may have influenced similar times of fire activity in the past, and the implications of such fire activity in the future. Multiple types of complementary data provide information on the impacts of current fires and the extent of past fires. The wide array of data encompasses different spatial and temporal resolutions (Figure 1) and includes fire proxy information such as charcoal and tree ring fire scars, observational records, satellite products, modern emissions data, fire models within global land cover and vegetation models, and sociodemographic data for modeling past human land use and ignition frequency. Any single data type is more powerful when combined with another source of information. Merging model and proxy data enables analyses of how fire activity modifies vegetation distribution, air and water quality, and proximity to cities; these analyses in turn support land management decisions relating to conservation and development.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of California","doi":"10.21425/F5FBG29606","usgsCitation":"Kehrwald, N.M., Aleman, J.C., Coughlan, M., Courtney Mustaphi, C.J., Githumbi, E.N., Magi, B.I., Marlon, J.R., and Power, M.J., 2016, One thousand years of fires: Integrating proxy and model data: Frontiers of Biogeography, v. 8, no. 1, e29606; 7 p., https://doi.org/10.21425/F5FBG29606.","productDescription":"e29606; 7 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071529","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470953,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.21425/f5fbg29606","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324105,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576a6546e4b07657d1a11e4c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kehrwald, Natalie M. 0000-0002-9160-2239 nkehrwald@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-2239","contributorId":168918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kehrwald","given":"Natalie","email":"nkehrwald@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aleman, Julie C.","contributorId":168919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aleman","given":"Julie","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":25389,"text":"Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":627694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coughlan, Michael","contributorId":168920,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coughlan","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25390,"text":"Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":627695,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Courtney Mustaphi, Colin J.","contributorId":168921,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Courtney Mustaphi","given":"Colin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":25391,"text":"York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, Environment Department, University of York, York, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":627696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Githumbi, Esther N.","contributorId":168922,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Githumbi","given":"Esther","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":25391,"text":"York Institute for Tropical Ecosystems, Environment Department, University of York, York, UK","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":627697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Magi, Brian I.","contributorId":168923,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Magi","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":25392,"text":"Department of Geography and Earth Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, North Carolina, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":627698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Marlon, Jennifer R.","contributorId":23432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marlon","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Power, Mitchell J.","contributorId":79032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"Mitchell","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70173727,"text":"70173727 - 2016 - Optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM): Effects of biological and photolytic degradation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-28T11:43:50","indexId":"70173727","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM): Effects of biological and photolytic degradation","docAbstract":"Advances in spectroscopic techniques have led to an increase in the use of optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence) to assess dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition and infer sources and processing. However, little information is available to assess the impact of biological and photolytic processing on the optical properties of original DOM source materials. We measured changes in commonly used optical properties and indices in DOM leached from peat soil, plants, and algae following biological and photochemical degradation to determine whether they provide unique signatures that can be linked to original DOM source. Changes in individual optical parameters varied by source material and process, with biodegradation and photodegradation often causing values to shift in opposite directions. Although values for different source materials overlapped at the end of the 111-day lab experiment, multivariate statistical analyses showed that unique optical signatures could be linked to original DOM source material even after degradation, with 17 optical properties determined by discriminant analysis to be significant (p<0.05) in distinguishing between DOM source and environmental processing. These results demonstrate that inferring the source material from optical properties is possible when parameters are evaluated in combination even after extensive biological and photochemical alteration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.1002/lno.10270","usgsCitation":"Hansen, A., Kraus, T.E., Pellerin, B., Fleck, J., Downing, B.D., and Bergamaschi, B.A., 2016, Optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM): Effects of biological and photolytic degradation: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 61, no. 3, p. 1015-1032, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10270.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1015","endPage":"1032","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067952","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10270","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324503,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb5e4b07657d1a90d1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Angela 0000-0003-0938-7611 anhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0938-7611","contributorId":171551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Angela","email":"anhansen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kraus, Tamara E. C. 0000-0002-5187-8644 tkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-8644","contributorId":147560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Tamara","email":"tkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E. C.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pellerin, Brian A. 0000-0003-3712-7884 bpeller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3712-7884","contributorId":147077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerin","given":"Brian","email":"bpeller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fleck, Jacob 0000-0002-3217-3972 jafleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-3972","contributorId":168694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Jacob","email":"jafleck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Downing, Bryan D. 0000-0002-2007-5304 bdowning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-5304","contributorId":1449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"Bryan","email":"bdowning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":140776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70169295,"text":"ofr20161028 - 2016 - Geologic and geochemical results from boreholes drilled in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 2007 and 2008","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-02T09:02:44","indexId":"ofr20161028","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1028","title":"Geologic and geochemical results from boreholes drilled in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 2007 and 2008","docAbstract":"Between 2007 and 2008, seven Earthscope Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) boreholes ranging in depth from about 200 to 800 feet deep were drilled in and adjacent to the Yellowstone caldera in Yellowstone National Park, for the purpose of installing volcano monitoring instrumentation. Five of the seven boreholes were equipped with strainmeters, downhole seismometers, and tiltmeters. Data collected during drilling included field observations of drill cuttings, stratigraphy within the boreholes, water temperature, and water and drill cuttings samples from selected depths.
\nSix of the seven boreholes encountered rhyolite lavas and tuffs. The rhyolite lavas compose the Canyon flow, the Gardner River flow, the Gibbon River flow, the Hayden Valley flow, the Nez Perce Creek flow, and the West Thumb flow. Boreholes also penetrated a vertical sequence through the Lava Creek Tuff and the Tuff of Bluff Point. In addition, one borehole drilled through a Swan Lake Flat Basalt sequence and terminated in a rhyolite lava flow.
\nAfter drilling the seven PBO boreholes, cuttings were examined and selected for preparation of grain mounts, thin sections, and geochemical analysis. Major ions and trace elements (including rare earth elements) of selected cuttings were determined by x-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); the ICP-MS provided more precise trace-element analysis than XRF. A preliminary interpretation of the results of geochemical analyses generally shows a correlation between borehole cuttings and previously mapped geology. The geochemical data and borehole stratigraphy presented in this report provide a foundation for future petrologic, geochemical, and geophysical studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161028","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, and Earthscope Plate Boundary Observatory","usgsCitation":"Jaworowski, C., Susong, D., Heasler, H., Mencin, D., Johnson, W., Conrey, R., and Von Stauffenberg, J., 2016,\nGeologic and geochemical results from boreholes drilled in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 2007 and 2008:\nU.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016-1028, 39 p. https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161028","productDescription":"Report: viii, 39 p.; 2 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-064084","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321191,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1028/ofr20161028.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1028"},{"id":321192,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1028/ofr20161028_appendix01.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"74 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2016-1028 Appendix 1"},{"id":321193,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1028/ofr20161028_appendix02.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2","size":"35 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2016-1028 Appendix 2"},{"id":321190,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1028/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.93994140625,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -110.93994140625,\n 44.93758500391091\n ],\n [\n -110.0830078125,\n 44.93758500391091\n ],\n [\n -110.0830078125,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -110.93994140625,\n 44.402391829093915\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Utah Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2329 Orton Circle
Salt Lake City, Utah 84119-2047
http://ut.water.usgs.gov
Native to the southeastern United States, Southern Watersnakes (Nerodia fasciata) are known from two sites in California, but their ecological impacts are poorly understood. We investigated the ecology of Southern Watersnakes in Machado Lake, Harbor City, Los Angeles County, California, including an assessment of control opportunities. We captured 306 watersnakes as a result of aquatic trapping and hand captures. We captured snakes of all sizes (162–1063 mm snout–vent length [SVL], 3.5–873.3 g), demonstrating the existence of a well-established population. The smallest reproductive female was 490 mm SVL and females contained 12–46 postovulatory embryos (mean = 21). Small watersnakes largely consumed introduced Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), while larger snakes specialized on larval and metamorph American Bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) and Green Sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus). Overall capture per unit effort (CPUE) in traps declined with time during an intensive 76-d trapping bout, but CPUE trends varied considerably among traplines and it is unlikely that the overall decline in CPUE represented a major decrease in the snake population size. Although we found no direct evidence that Southern Watersnakes are affecting native species in Machado Lake, this population may serve as a source for intentional or unintentional transportation of watersnakes to bodies of water containing imperiled native prey species or potential competitors.
","language":"English","publisher":"Chicago Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-14-00061","usgsCitation":"Reed, R., Todd, B.D., Miano, O.J., Canfield, M., Fisher, R.N., and McMartin, L., 2016, Ecology and control of an introduced population of Southern Watersnakes (Nerodia fasciata) in southern California: Herpetologica, v. 72, no. 2, p. 130-136, https://doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-14-00061.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"130","endPage":"136","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070595","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Harbor City","otherGeospatial":"Machado Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n 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Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miano, Oliver J.","contributorId":174773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miano","given":"Oliver","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Canfield, Mark","contributorId":174774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Canfield","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27512,"text":"Biologist","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 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impacts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-15T15:47:50","indexId":"70179056","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5237,"text":"AIMS Agriculture and Food","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development and use of mathematical models and software frameworks for integrated analysis of agricultural systems and associated water use impacts","docAbstract":"The development of appropriate water management strategies requires, in part, a methodology for quantifying and evaluating the impact of water policy decisions on regional stakeholders. In this work, we describe the framework we are developing to enhance the body of resources available to policy makers, farmers, and other community members in their e orts to understand, quantify, and assess the often competing objectives water consumers have with respect to usage. The foundation for the framework is the construction of a simulation-based optimization software tool using two existing software packages. In particular, we couple a robust optimization software suite (DAKOTA) with the USGS MF-OWHM water management simulation tool to provide a flexible software environment that will enable the evaluation of one or multiple (possibly competing) user-defined (or stakeholder) objectives. We introduce the individual software components and outline the communication strategy we defined for the coupled development. We present numerical results for case studies related to crop portfolio management with several defined objectives. The objectives are not optimally satisfied for any single user class, demonstrating the capability of the software tool to aid in the evaluation of a variety of competing interests.
","language":"English","publisher":"AIMS Press","doi":"10.3934/agrfood.2016.2.208","usgsCitation":"Fowler, K.R., Jenkins, E., Parno, M., Chrispell, J., Colon, A.I., and Hanson, R.T., 2016, Development and use of mathematical models and software frameworks for integrated analysis of agricultural systems and associated water use impacts: AIMS Agriculture and Food, v. 1, no. 2, p. 208-226, https://doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2016.2.208.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"208","endPage":"226","ipdsId":"IP-072839","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2016.2.208","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332193,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5853ba42e4b0e2663625f2c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fowler, K. R.","contributorId":177462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fowler","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenkins, E.W.","contributorId":177463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenkins","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parno, M.","contributorId":177464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parno","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chrispell, J.C.","contributorId":177465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chrispell","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Colon, A. I.","contributorId":177466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colon","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70192919,"text":"70192919 - 2016 - A low-disturbance capture technique for ground-nesting Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-07T13:35:11","indexId":"70192919","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A low-disturbance capture technique for ground-nesting Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus)","title":"A low-disturbance capture technique for ground-nesting Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus)","docAbstract":"Capturing breeding adults of colonially nesting species can entail risks of nest failure and even colony abandonment, especially in species that react strongly to human disturbance. A low-disturbance technique for capturing specific adult Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) at a ground-nesting colony was developed to reduce these risks and is described here. Nesting habitat enhancement was used to attract Doublecrested Cormorants to nest adjacent to above-ground tunnels constructed so that researchers could capture birds by hand. Using this technique, Double-crested Cormorants (n = 87) were captured during the incubation and chick-rearing stages of the nesting cycle. Unlike alternative capture techniques, this approach allowed targeting of specific individuals for capture and recapture, minimized local disturbance, and eliminated colony-wide disturbances. The tunnel-based system presented here could be adapted to capture adults or to access the nest contents of other ground-nesting colonial species that are inclined to nest in areas of enhanced nesting habitat and adapt to anthropogenic structures in their nesting area. This system would be particularly beneficial for other wary and easily disturbed species.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.039.0210","usgsCitation":"Courtot, K., Roby, D.D., Kerr, L.H., Lyons, D., and Adkins, J.Y., 2016, A low-disturbance capture technique for ground-nesting Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus): Waterbirds, v. 39, no. 2, p. 193-198, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.039.0210.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"198","ipdsId":"IP-059952","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348389,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ea35e4b09af898c8cc6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Courtot, Karen 0000-0002-8849-4054 kcourtot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-4054","contributorId":140002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Courtot","given":"Karen","email":"kcourtot@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roby, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9844-0992 droby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":3702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"Daniel","email":"droby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kerr, Lauren H.","contributorId":200097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kerr","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lyons, Donald E.","contributorId":20119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"Donald E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adkins, Jessica Y.","contributorId":171820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adkins","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70187268,"text":"70187268 - 2016 - Recent changes in stream flashiness and flooding, and effects of flood management in North Carolina and Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-27T11:05:25","indexId":"70187268","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent changes in stream flashiness and flooding, and effects of flood management in North Carolina and Virginia","docAbstract":"The southeastern United States has undergone anthropogenic changes in landscape structure, with the potential to increase (e.g., urbanization) and decrease (e.g., reservoir construction) stream flashiness and flooding. Assessment of the outcome of such change can provide insight into the efficacy of current strategies and policies to manage water resources. We (1) examined trends in precipitation, floods, and stream flashiness and (2) assessed the relative influence of land cover and flow-regulating features (e.g., best management practices and artificial water bodies) on stream flashiness from 1991 to 2013. We found mean annual precipitation decreased, which coincided with decreasing trends in floods. In contrast, stream flashiness, overall, showed an increasing trend during the period of study. However, upon closer examination, 20 watersheds showed stable stream flashiness, whereas 5 increased and 6 decreased in flashiness. Urban watersheds were among those that increased or decreased in flashiness. Watersheds that increased in stream flashiness gained more urban cover, lost more forested cover and had fewer best management practices installed than urban watersheds that decreased in stream flashiness. We found best management practices are more effective than artificial water bodies in regulating flashy floods. Flashiness index is a valuable and straightforward metric to characterize changes in streamflow and help to assess the efficacy of management interventions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12408","usgsCitation":"Mogollon, B., Frimpong, E.A., Hoegh, A.B., and Angermeier, P.L., 2016, Recent changes in stream flashiness and flooding, and effects of flood management in North Carolina and Virginia: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 52, no. 3, p. 561-577, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12408.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"561","endPage":"577","ipdsId":"IP-061311","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340496,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, 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B.","contributorId":166684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoegh","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. biota@usgs.gov","contributorId":1432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":613,"text":"Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70171463,"text":"70171463 - 2016 - The plant phenology monitoring design for the National Ecological Observatory Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-02T11:26:19","indexId":"70171463","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-31T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The plant phenology monitoring design for the National Ecological Observatory Network","docAbstract":"Phenology is an integrative science that comprises the study of recurring biological activities or events. In an era of rapidly changing climate, the relationship between the timing of those events and environmental cues such as temperature, snowmelt, water availability or day length are of particular interest. This article provides an overview of the plant phenology sampling which will be conducted by the U.S. National Ecological Observatory Network NEON, the resulting data, and the rationale behind the design. Trained technicians will conduct regular in situ observations of plant phenology at all terrestrial NEON sites for the 30-year life of the observatory. Standardized and coordinated data across the network of sites can be used to quantify the direction and magnitude of the relationships between phenology and environmental forcings, as well as the degree to which these relationships vary among sites, among species, among phenophases, and through time. Vegetation at NEON sites will also be monitored with tower-based cameras, satellite remote sensing and annual high-resolution airborne remote sensing. Ground-based measurements can be used to calibrate and improve satellite-derived phenometrics. NEON’s phenology monitoring design is complementary to existing phenology research efforts and citizen science initiatives throughout the world and will produce interoperable data. By collocating plant phenology observations with a suite of additional meteorological, biophysical and ecological measurements (e.g., climate, carbon flux, plant productivity, population dynamics of consumers) at 47 terrestrial sites, the NEON design will enable continentalscale inference about the status, trends, causes and ecological consequences of phenological change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1303","usgsCitation":"Elmendorf, S.C., Jones, K.D., Cook, B., Diez, J.M., Enquist, C.A., Hufft, R.A., Jones, M.O., Mazer, S., Miller-Rushing, A., Moore, D.J., Schwartz, M., and Weltzin, J., 2016, The plant phenology monitoring design for the National Ecological Observatory Network: Ecosphere, v. 7, no. 4, e01303: 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1303.","productDescription":"e01303: 16 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052777","costCenters":[{"id":433,"text":"National Phenology Network","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470954,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1303","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321942,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574ea79ae4b0ee97d51a2be0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elmendorf, Sarah C","contributorId":169801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elmendorf","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":25598,"text":"NEON, Staff Scientist","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Katherine D.","contributorId":169802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cook, Benjamin I.","contributorId":81237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Benjamin I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Diez, Jeffrey M.","contributorId":169803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diez","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Enquist, Carolyn A.F.","contributorId":169804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Enquist","given":"Carolyn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.F.","affiliations":[{"id":25599,"text":"USA-NPN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hufft, Rebecca A.","contributorId":148014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hufft","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16973,"text":"Neptune and Company Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jones, Matthew O.","contributorId":169805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mazer, Susan J.","contributorId":96564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazer","given":"Susan J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Miller-Rushing, Abraham J.","contributorId":103561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller-Rushing","given":"Abraham J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Moore, David J. P.","contributorId":169810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Schwartz, Mark D.","contributorId":11092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Mark D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Weltzin, Jake F. 0000-0001-8641-6645 jweltzin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8641-6645","contributorId":149648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weltzin","given":"Jake F.","email":"jweltzin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":433,"text":"National Phenology Network","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":631086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70173895,"text":"70173895 - 2016 - Somatic growth dynamics of West Atlantic hawksbill sea turtles: a spatio-temporal perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-24T09:10:47","indexId":"70173895","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-31T00:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Somatic growth dynamics of West Atlantic hawksbill sea turtles: a spatio-temporal perspective","docAbstract":"Somatic growth dynamics are an integrated response to environmental conditions. Hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) are long-lived, major consumers in coral reef habitats that move over broad geographic areas (hundreds to thousands of kilometers). We evaluated spatio-temporal effects on hawksbill growth dynamics over a 33-yr period and 24 study sites throughout the West Atlantic and explored relationships between growth dynamics and climate indices. We compiled the largest ever data set on somatic growth rates for hawksbills – 3541 growth increments from 1980 to 2013. Using generalized additive mixed model analyses, we evaluated 10 covariates, including spatial and temporal variation, that could affect growth rates. Growth rates throughout the region responded similarly over space and time. The lack of a spatial effect or spatio-temporal interaction and the very strong temporal effect reveal that growth rates in West Atlantic hawksbills are likely driven by region-wide forces. Between 1997 and 2013, mean growth rates declined significantly and steadily by 18%. Regional climate indices have significant relationships with annual growth rates with 0- or 1-yr lags: positive with the Multivariate El Niño Southern Oscillation Index (correlation = 0.99) and negative with Caribbean sea surface temperature (correlation = −0.85). Declines in growth rates between 1997 and 2013 throughout the West Atlantic most likely resulted from warming waters through indirect negative effects on foraging resources of hawksbills. These climatic influences are complex. With increasing temperatures, trajectories of decline of coral cover and availability in reef habitats of major prey species of hawksbills are not parallel. Knowledge of how choice of foraging habitats, prey selection, and prey abundance are affected by warming water temperatures is needed to understand how climate change will affect productivity of consumers that live in association with coral reefs. Main conclusions The decadal declines in growth rates between 1997 and 2013 throughout the West Atlantic most likely resulted from warming waters through indirect negative effects on the foraging resources of hawksbills. These climatic influences are complex. With increasing temperatures, the trajectories of decline of coral cover and availability in reef habitats of major prey species of hawksbills are not parallel. Knowledge of how choice of foraging habitats, prey selection, and prey abundance are affected by warming water temperatures is needed to understand how climate change will affect productivity of consumers that live in association with coral reefs.
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Natural abundance ratios of stable isotopes of nitrogen (δ15N) measured in plant tissue growing in nearshore areas of the lake indicate that the major source of nitrogen used by these primary producing plants is derived mainly from atmospherically fixed nitrogen in an undeveloped forested ecosystem. Exceptions to this pattern occurred in the Barnes Point area where elevated δ15N ratios indicate that effluent from septic systems also contribute nitrogen to filamentous-periphytic algae growing in the littoral zone of that area. Near the Lyre River outlet of Lake Crescent, the δ15N of filamentous-periphytic algae growing in close proximity to the spawning areas of a unique species of trout show little evidence of elevated δ15N indicating that nitrogen from on-site septic systems is not a substantial source of nitrogen for these plants. The δ15N data corroborate estimates that nitrogen input to Lake Crescent from septic sources is comparatively small relative to input from motor vehicle exhaust and vegetative sources in undeveloped forests, including litterfall, pollen, and symbiotic nitrogen fixation. The seasonal timing of blooms of filamentous-periphytic algal near the lake shoreline is also consistent with nitrogen exported from stands of red alder trees (Alnus rubra). Isotope biomonitoring of filamentous-periphytic algae may be an effective approach to monitoring the littoral zone for nutrient input to Lake Crescent from septic sources.
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934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
http://wa.water.usgs.gov