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A.","contributorId":12028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Domenico","given":"J.","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":271811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":58889,"text":"mf1534C - 1986 - Geophysical maps of the Mount Henry Roadless Area, Lincoln County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:37","indexId":"mf1534C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1534","chapter":"C","title":"Geophysical maps of the Mount Henry Roadless Area, Lincoln County, Montana","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf1534C","usgsCitation":"Bankey, V., Kleinkopf, M.D., and Hoover, D., 1986, Geophysical maps of the Mount Henry Roadless Area, Lincoln County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1534, 2 maps on 1 sheet ;32 x 38 cm., sheet 92 x 79 cm., folded in envelope 25 x 32 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1534C.","productDescription":"2 maps on 1 sheet ;32 x 38 cm., sheet 92 x 79 cm., folded in envelope 25 x 32 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":106121,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_7539.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"7539"},{"id":180472,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"50000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -115.66666666666667,48.800555555555555 ], [ -115.66666666666667,48.95 ], [ -115.40111111111112,48.95 ], [ -115.40111111111112,48.800555555555555 ], [ -115.66666666666667,48.800555555555555 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a853e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bankey, Viki viki@usgs.gov","contributorId":1238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bankey","given":"Viki","email":"viki@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":261039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kleinkopf, M. D.","contributorId":10036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleinkopf","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoover, Donald","contributorId":43434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoover","given":"Donald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":261041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":69745,"text":"i1251J - 1986 - Mineral resource potential for beryllium, molybdenum, and niobium in the Charlotte 1 degree x 2 degrees quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-01-23T16:21:47.833857","indexId":"i1251J","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1251","chapter":"J","title":"Mineral resource potential for beryllium, molybdenum, and niobium in the Charlotte 1 degree x 2 degrees quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i1251J","isbn":"0607782986","usgsCitation":"Gair, J.E., 1986, Mineral resource potential for beryllium, molybdenum, and niobium in the Charlotte 1 degree x 2 degrees quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1251, 1 Plate: 44.50 x 26.85 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1251J.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 44.50 x 26.85 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":256730,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1251j/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256731,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1251j/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":256732,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1251j/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":493394,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_9073.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Charlotte 1 degree x 2 degrees quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 35\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4adee4b07f02db6876e5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gair, Jacob E.","contributorId":18381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gair","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":33356,"text":"b1713A - 1986 - Mineral resources of the Castle Peaks Wilderness Study Area, San Bernardino County, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-09T13:30:04.246716","indexId":"b1713A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":306,"text":"Bulletin","code":"B","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1713","chapter":"A","title":"Mineral resources of the Castle Peaks Wilderness Study Area, San Bernardino County, California","docAbstract":"

The Castle Peaks Wilderness Study Area (CDCA266) comprises approximately 45,000 acres in the northern New York Mountains, San Bernardino County, California. At the request of the Bureau of Land Management, 39,303 acres of the wilderness study area were studied. The area was investigated during 1982-1985 using combined geologic, geochemical, and geophysical methods. are considered preliminarily suitable for wilderness deignation. There are no mineral reserves or identified resources in the study area. Fluorspar, occurring in sparse veins, has moderate resource potential, as do silver and lead in fault zones, and gold and silver in sparse, high-grade veins and fault breccia. Each area of moderate resource potential encompasses less than one square mile. These same commodities have low resource potential in similar occurrences throughout much of the study area. In addition, there is low resource potential for gold in placer deposits, uranium in altered breccia and gouge, and rare-earth elements in pegmatite dikes. There is no resource potential for oil and gas resources over most of the study area, but the potential is unknown along its western margin. In this report, the area studied is referred to\"the wilderness study area\", or simply \"the study area.\"

","largerWorkTitle":"Mineral resources of Wilderness Study Areas: Eastern California Desert Conservation Area","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/b1713A","usgsCitation":"Miller, D., Frisken, J.G., Jachens, R.C., and Gese, D.D., 1986, Mineral resources of the Castle Peaks Wilderness Study Area, San Bernardino County, California: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1713, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/b1713A.","productDescription":"17 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":340330,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1713a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":164252,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/bul/1713a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Bernardino","otherGeospatial":"Castle Peaks Wilderness Study Area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.224609375,\n 35.475769157259265\n ],\n [\n -115.32829284667967,\n 35.4550769336729\n ],\n [\n -115.34751892089845,\n 35.45172093634465\n ],\n [\n -115.37498474121092,\n 35.44053326772722\n ],\n [\n -115.38459777832031,\n 35.43102252677332\n ],\n [\n -115.38528442382812,\n 35.423189308372564\n ],\n [\n -115.31867980957031,\n 35.340894535882846\n ],\n [\n -115.3131866455078,\n 35.335853353844065\n ],\n [\n -115.30288696289062,\n 35.33697364369794\n ],\n [\n -115.28572082519533,\n 35.33473304845998\n ],\n [\n -115.26100158691406,\n 35.316245767635834\n ],\n [\n -115.25207519531249,\n 35.314004597852474\n ],\n [\n -115.23902893066408,\n 35.317926604216396\n ],\n [\n -115.22529602050781,\n 35.3072807158836\n ],\n [\n -115.22804260253906,\n 35.29775425972381\n ],\n [\n -115.23834228515626,\n 35.29383127531525\n ],\n [\n -115.24658203125,\n 35.288226682029574\n ],\n [\n -115.24864196777342,\n 35.278137436300966\n ],\n [\n -115.21156311035156,\n 35.24842291350237\n ],\n [\n -115.04127502441406,\n 35.331372039128475\n ],\n [\n -115.224609375,\n 35.475769157259265\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49fae4b07f02db5f3d0e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, David M. 0000-0003-3711-0441 dmiller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3711-0441","contributorId":140769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"David M.","email":"dmiller@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":309,"text":"Geology and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":210635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frisken, James G.","contributorId":76740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frisken","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210638,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jachens, Robert C. jachens@usgs.gov","contributorId":1180,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jachens","given":"Robert","email":"jachens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":210637,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gese, Diann D.","contributorId":68808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gese","given":"Diann","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":210636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":66128,"text":"i1509I - 1986 - Resource appraisal maps for mesothermal base- and precious-metal veins in the Wallace 1° x 2° quadrangle, Montana and Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-13T18:57:40.545517","indexId":"i1509I","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":320,"text":"IMAP","code":"I","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1509","chapter":"I","title":"Resource appraisal maps for mesothermal base- and precious-metal veins in the Wallace 1° x 2° quadrangle, Montana and Idaho","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/i1509I","usgsCitation":"Harrison, J.E., Leach, D.L., and Kleinkopf, M.D., 1986, Resource appraisal maps for mesothermal base- and precious-metal veins in the Wallace 1° x 2° quadrangle, Montana and Idaho: U.S. Geological Survey IMAP 1509, Report: 4 p.; 2 Plates: 34.72 × 45.40 inches and 36.67 × 44.99 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/i1509I.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; 2 Plates: 34.72 × 45.40 inches and 36.67 × 44.99 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":255621,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1509i/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":255619,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1509i/plate-2-preview.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":390485,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_9282.htm"},{"id":255618,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1509i/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":255617,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1509i/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":255620,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/1509i/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana","otherGeospatial":"Wallace 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -116,47 ], [ -116,48 ], [ -114,48 ], [ -114,47 ], [ -116,47 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629e14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Harrison, J. E.","contributorId":54532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harrison","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leach, D. L.","contributorId":18758,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leach","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kleinkopf, M. D.","contributorId":10036,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kleinkopf","given":"M.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":274016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":58773,"text":"mf1820 - 1986 - Reconnaissance geologic map of the Mount Ajo and part of the Pisinimo quadrangles, Pima County, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:10:28","indexId":"mf1820","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1820","title":"Reconnaissance geologic map of the Mount Ajo and part of the Pisinimo quadrangles, Pima County, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/mf1820","usgsCitation":"Tosdal, R., Peterson, D.W., May, D.J., LeVeque, R., and Miller, R.J., 1986, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Mount Ajo and part of the Pisinimo quadrangles, Pima County, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1820, 1 map ;45 x 55 cm., on sheet 61 x 112 cm., folded in envelope 25 x 32 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1820.","productDescription":"1 map ;45 x 55 cm., on sheet 61 x 112 cm., folded in envelope 25 x 32 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":106275,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_7798.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"7798"},{"id":182362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"62500","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -112.75,32 ], [ -112.75,32.25 ], [ -112.5,32.25 ], [ -112.5,32 ], [ -112.75,32 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a70e4b07f02db641796","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tosdal, R. M.","contributorId":54982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tosdal","given":"R. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, D. W.","contributorId":84326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"May, D. J.","contributorId":79147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"LeVeque, R.A.","contributorId":79173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeVeque","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, R. J.","contributorId":9225,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":260738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70114862,"text":"70114862 - 1986 - Volcanic rocks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-17T15:08:52","indexId":"70114862","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T10:10:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Volcanic rocks","docAbstract":"

Volcanoes have contributed significantly to the formation of the surface of our planet. Volcanism produced the crust we live on and most of the air we breathe. Often the remnants of an eruption are as revealing as the eruption itself, for they tell us many things about the eruption. Included here are examples of several volcanic products and other magmatic features, with descriptions of how they were formed and what they tell us about volcanism.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Geophysical Data Center","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","usgsCitation":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Geophysical Data Center, 1986, Volcanic rocks, 26 p.","productDescription":"26 p.","numberOfPages":"26","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":321357,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290240,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70114862/report.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.17 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"Report"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b7b280e4b0388651d91996"} ,{"id":70114860,"text":"70114860 - 1986 - Earthquakes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-09-24T11:49:58","indexId":"70114860","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T09:51:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"title":"Earthquakes","docAbstract":"

An earthquake is the motion or trembling of the ground produced by sudden displacement of rock in the\nEarth's crust. Earthquakes result from crustal strain, volcanism, landslides, and collapse of caverns.\nStress accumulates in response to tectonic forces until it exceeds the strength of the rock. The rock\nthen breaks along a preexisting or new fracture called a fault. The rupture extends outward in all\ndirections along the fault plane from its point of origin (focus). The rupture travels in an irregular\nmanner until the stress is relatively equalized. If the rupture disturbs the surface, it produces a visible\nfault.

\n
\n

Earthquakes can affect hundreds of thousands of square kilometers; cause damage to property measured\nin the tens of billions of dollars; result in loss of life and injury to hundreds of thousands of persons;\nand disrupt the social and economic functioning of the affected area. Although earthquakes in the\nUnited States occur most frequently in states west of the Rocky Mountains, devastating earthquakes\nhave also occurred in the Midwest and East. All 50 states have some degree of risk from earthquakes.

\n
\n

Many of these earthquake effects are depicted in the slides included in this set.

","language":"English","publisher":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Geophysical Data Center","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","usgsCitation":"National Geophysical Data Center, 1986, Earthquakes, 27 p.","productDescription":"27 p.","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":290173,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":290172,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70114860/report.pdf"}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,90.0 ], [ 180.0,-90.0 ], [ -180.0,-90.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53b7b106e4b0388651d916de","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"National Geophysical Data Center","contributorId":128205,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"National Geophysical Data Center","id":535662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70164425,"text":"70164425 - 1986 - On tide-induced Lagrangian residual current and residual transport: 1. Lagrangian residual current","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-14T08:22:42","indexId":"70164425","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T04:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On tide-induced Lagrangian residual current and residual transport: 1. Lagrangian residual current","docAbstract":"

Residual currents in tidal estuaries and coastal embayments have been recognized as fundamental factors which affect the long-term transport processes. It has been pointed out by previous studies that it is more relevant to use a Lagrangian mean velocity than an Eulerian mean velocity to determine the movements of water masses. Under weakly nonlinear approximation, the parameter k, which is the ratio of the net displacement of a labeled water mass in one tidal cycle to the tidal excursion, is assumed to be small. Solutions for tides, tidal current, and residual current have been considered for two-dimensional, barotropic estuaries and coastal seas. Particular attention has been paid to the distinction between the Lagrangian and Eulerian residual currents. When k is small, the first-order Lagrangian residual is shown to be the sum of the Eulerian residual current and the Stokes drift. The Lagrangian residual drift velocity or the second-order Lagrangian residual current has been shown to be dependent on the phase of tidal current. The Lagrangian drift velocity is induced by nonlinear interactions between tides, tidal currents, and the first-order residual currents, and it takes the form of an ellipse on a hodograph plane. Several examples are given to further demonstrate the unique properties of the Lagrangian residual current.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR022i012p01623","usgsCitation":"Feng, S., Cheng, R.T., and Pangen, X., 1986, On tide-induced Lagrangian residual current and residual transport: 1. Lagrangian residual current: Water Resources Research, v. 22, no. 12, p. 1623-1634, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR022i012p01623.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1623","endPage":"1634","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316556,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b332fbe4b0cc79997f33dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feng, Shizuo","contributorId":156286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feng","given":"Shizuo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597204,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cheng, Ralph T.","contributorId":69134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pangen, Xi","contributorId":156287,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pangen","given":"Xi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70159084,"text":"70159084 - 1986 - Arctic National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project user's guide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-13T14:31:24.885627","indexId":"70159084","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T04:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Arctic National Wildlife Refuge land cover mapping project user's guide","docAbstract":"

Section 1002 of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act of 1980 (ANILCA, 1980) requires the Secretary of Interior to conduct a continuing study of fish, wildlife, and habitats on the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). Included in this study is a determination of the extent, location, and carrying capacity of fish and wildlife habitats.

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markon@usgs.gov","contributorId":2499,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markon","given":"Carl","email":"markon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":577566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70189676,"text":"70189676 - 1986 - Evaluation of Alaskan wetlands for waterfowl","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-08T12:35:11","indexId":"70189676","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Evaluation of Alaskan wetlands for waterfowl","docAbstract":"

Few studies have focused specifically on use of Alaskan wetlands by waterfowl. However, substantial information on the values of wetlands is available from studies on individual species or that were conducted for other purposes. Most investigators have found it most effective to classify habitat use on the basis of observed distribution patterns of waterfowl in relation to local physiographic features and vegetation types. Major variations in habitat among regions result from differences in precipitation, summer temperature, length of frost free period, and presence of permafrost. Large areas of intertidal habitat, usually associated with river deltas, are of key importance wherever they occur. Lakes subject to extensive periods of draw-down or that fluctuate with river systems are more productive than those with more stable water levels.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Alaska: Regional wetland functions: Proceedings of a workshop held at Anchorage, Alaska, May 28-29, 1986","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Alaska: Regional wetland functions","conferenceDate":"May 28-29, 1986","conferenceLocation":"Anchorage, AK","language":"English","publisher":"National Wetlands Technical Council","usgsCitation":"Lensink, C.J., and Derksen, D.V., 1986, Evaluation of Alaskan wetlands for waterfowl, in Alaska: Regional wetland functions: Proceedings of a workshop held at Anchorage, Alaska, May 28-29, 1986, Anchorage, AK, May 28-29, 1986, p. 45-84.","productDescription":"40 p.","startPage":"45","endPage":"84","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344086,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publicComments":"Publication no. 90-1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fe0e4b0d1f9f065ab29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lensink, Calvin J.","contributorId":99612,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lensink","given":"Calvin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":33810,"text":"National Wildlife Refuge Association","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":705745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Derksen, Dirk V. dderksen@usgs.gov","contributorId":2269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Derksen","given":"Dirk","email":"dderksen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70164424,"text":"70164424 - 1986 - On tide-induced Lagrangian residual current and residual transport: 2. Residual transport with application in south San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-14T08:21:56","indexId":"70164424","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On tide-induced Lagrangian residual current and residual transport: 2. Residual transport with application in south San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"

The transports of solutes and other tracers are fundamental to estuarine processes. The apparent transport mechanisms are convection by tidal current and current-induced shear effect dispersion for processes which take place in a time period of the order of a tidal cycle. However, as emphasis is shifted toward the effects of intertidal processes, the net transport is mainly determined by tide-induced residual circulation and by residual circulation due to other processes. The commonly used intertidal conservation equation takes the form of a convection-dispersion equation in which the convective velocity is the Eulerian residual current, and the dispersion terms are often referred to as the phase effect dispersion or, sometimes, as the “tidal dispersion.” The presence of these dispersion terms is merely the result of a Fickian type hypothesis. Since the actual processes are not Fickian, thus a Fickian hypothesis obscures the physical significance of this equation. Recent research results on residual circulation have suggested that long-term transport phenomena are closely related to the Lagrangian residual current or the Lagrangian residual transport. In this paper a new formulation of an intertidal conservation equation is presented and examined in detail. In a weakly nonlinear tidal estuary the resultant intertidal transport equation also takes the form of a convection-dispersion equation without the ad hoc introduction of phase effect dispersion in a form of dispersion tensor. The convective velocity in the resultant equation is the first-order Lagrangian residual current (the sum of the Eulerian residual current and the Stokes drift). The remaining dispersion terms are important only in higher-order solutions; they are due to shear effect dispersion and turbulent mixing. There exists a dispersion boundary layer adjacent to shoreline boundaries. An order of magnitude estimate of the properties in the dispersion boundary layer is given. The present treatment of intertidal transport processes is illustrated by an analytical solution for an amphidromic system and by a numerical application in South San Francisco Bay, California. The present formulation reveals that the mechanism for long-term transport of solutes is mainly convection due to the Lagrangian residual current in the interior of a tidal estuary. This result also points out the weakness in the tidal dispersion formulation, and explains the large variability of the observed values for tidal dispersion coefficients. Further research on properties of the dispersion boundary layer is needed.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR022i012p01635","usgsCitation":"Feng, S., Cheng, R.T., and Pangen, X., 1986, On tide-induced Lagrangian residual current and residual transport: 2. Residual transport with application in south San Francisco Bay, California: Water Resources Research, v. 22, no. 12, p. 1635-1646, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR022i012p01635.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1635","endPage":"1646","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316555,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.04687499999999,\n 37.22595454983972\n ],\n [\n -121.26708984374999,\n 37.22595454983972\n ],\n [\n -121.26708984374999,\n 38.34596449365382\n ],\n [\n -123.04687499999999,\n 38.34596449365382\n ],\n [\n -123.04687499999999,\n 37.22595454983972\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b332fbe4b0cc79997f33d7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Feng, Shizuo","contributorId":156286,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Feng","given":"Shizuo","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597201,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cheng, Ralph T.","contributorId":69134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pangen, Xi","contributorId":156287,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pangen","given":"Xi","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597203,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70174099,"text":"70174099 - 1986 - Hydrology of carbonate aquifers in southwestern Linn County and adjacent parts of Benton, Iowa, and Johnson Counties, Iowa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-30T14:37:03.487347","indexId":"70174099","displayToPublicDate":"1987-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":148,"text":"Water Supply Bulletin","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"15","title":"Hydrology of carbonate aquifers in southwestern Linn County and adjacent parts of Benton, Iowa, and Johnson Counties, Iowa","docAbstract":"

Groundwater is the major source of water in Linn County and the surrounding area. Approximately 90 percent of the groundwater production is from Silurian, Devonian, and Quaternary aquifers.

\n

The Silurian and Devonian aquifers consist of limestone and dolomite with minor shale beds, which have a regional dip to the southwest of approximately 20 feet per mile. The Silurian aquifer in east-central Iowa is confined from below by Upper Ordovician, Maquoketa Formation shales, and from above by the Kenwood Member of the Wapsipinicon Formation and the Otis and Bertram formations. The Quaternary aquifer consists of unconsolidated sand and gravel beds in the glacial drift, and in the alluvium which is associated with modern streams. The alluvium consists of lenticular beds of poorly-to well-sorted silt, sand, and gravel. The sand and gravel beds are interlayered with relatively-impermeable beds of till, silt, and clay.

\n

Water moves through the Silurian aquifer in part due to a complex distribution of porous and dense carbonate facies. Horizons containing skeletal molds in the Silurian dolomite have porosities as much as 39 percent, and are laterally equivalent to dolomites with porosities as little as less than one percent. Because of subsequent fracturing and solutional enlargement of these porous horizons, hydrologic correlation of the primary water-yielding zones is not always possible. One horizon, however, does occur approximately 70 to 105 feet above the base of the Silurian, and is the most consistently productive water-yielding unit in the area. This horizon is Informally referred to as the Farmers Creek aquifer.

\n

The potentiometric surface of the Silurian aquifer has a gradient towards the Cedar River, indicating discharge from the aquifer through the alluvium into the river. By comparison, the potentiometric surface of the overlying Devonian aquifer is equal to that of the Silurian and may range to more than 40 feet higher. Yields to individual wells completed in the Silurian and Devonian carbonate aquifers vary from less than 10 to about 500 gallons per minute. Individual wells completed in the Quaternary aquifer yield as much as 2,000 gallons per minute.

\n

Water analyses from the Devonian and Silurian aquifers indicate that they are of similar chemical quality at most locations in the study area. However, they may commonly contain concentrations of sulfate that exceed 1,000 mil grams per liter. Dissolved-solids concentrations as much as 2,350 milligrams per liter occur in the Silurian aquifer in the western and southwestern part of the study area. Water from the Quaternary aquifer generally is suitable for most uses and dissolved-solids concentrations generally are less than 750 milligrams per liter.

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No abstract available. 

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Strata-bound sulphide replacement bodies in the Deer Trail mine are sinuous pipes in carbonate beds, approximately localized by an anticlinal axis, and radiate from a fault across the lower part of the Permian Toroweap formation. Indistinct sericitic envelopes provide a K/Ar age of 14 m.y., correlative with barren, altered volcanic rocks above a hypothesized intrusion, 1 km to the west. Lead and sulphur isotope data imply an igneous source. Inclusion data and deuterium and oxygen isotopes imply a magmatic fluid progressively diluted with meteoric waters. The deposits are the outer zone of a volcanic hydrothermal system. -G.J.N.

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No abstract available.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of Meetings of American Geophysical Union","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","usgsCitation":"Koltun, G.F., and Helsel, D., 1986, Influence of particle-size separation technique on concentrations of sediment-associated trace metals, in Proceedings of Meetings of American Geophysical Union, 1 p.","productDescription":"1 p.","costCenters":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":367329,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koltun, G. F. 0000-0003-0255-2960 gfkoltun@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-2960","contributorId":140048,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koltun","given":"G.","email":"gfkoltun@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":35860,"text":"Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":770607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Helsel, D.R.","contributorId":57448,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Helsel","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7242,"text":"Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":770608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70208015,"text":"70208015 - 1986 - An oil spill and hazardous waste vulnerability modeling approach (Coastal Louisiana)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-24T06:26:41","indexId":"70208015","displayToPublicDate":"1986-12-31T15:00:22","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"An oil spill and hazardous waste vulnerability modeling approach (Coastal Louisiana)","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

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