The island of Hawaii has one of the youngest landscapes on Earth, formed by frequent addition of new lava to its surface. Because Hawaiian are generally nonexplosive and easily accessible, the island has long attracted geologists interested in studying the extraordinary power of volcanic eruptions. The U.S. Geological Survey's Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO), now nearing its 75th anniversary. has been in the forefront of volcanology since the 1900's. This issue of Earthquakes and volcanoes is devoted to the work of the Observatory and its role in studying the most recent eruptions of Hawaii's two currently active volcanoes, Kilauea and Mauna Loa.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","usgsCitation":"Heliker, C.C., Griggs, J.D., Takahashi, T., and Wright, T., 1986, Volcano monitoring at the U.S. Geological Survey's Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 18, no. 1, p. 4-69.","productDescription":"66 p.","startPage":"4","endPage":"69","numberOfPages":"71","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329308,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Hawaiian Volcano 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The diatoms indicate that this sedimentary unit is correlative with Lithologic Unit 19 of the Choptank Formation of middle Miocene age. Also in Richmond, a sedimentary unit correlated with the Eastover Formation overlies the Choptank Formation and contains a sparse diatom assemblage in which 24 taxa have been identified. The diatoms in this upper deposit form an assemblage that is distinctive from that of the Choptank Formation and is of late Miocene age. Both diatom assemblages are dominated by taxa indicating deposition in a littoral or shallow neritic marine environment. Although reasons for differences in diatom diversity and abundance between the two formations are obscure, these differences appear to reflect the greater primary productivity of diatoms in middle Miocene than in later Tertiary time.
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Modeling can provide (1) a method to organize existing information, (2) a means to identify whether physical habitat or some factor outside the scope of the habitat model is limiting populations, (3) a method to integrate habitat into resource development planning, and (4) a mechanism for focusing research on missing species-habitat information.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Herpetologica","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Herpetologists' League","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","usgsCitation":"Schamberger, M.L., and Turner, F.B., 1986, The application of habitat modeling to the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii): Herpetologica, v. 42, no. 1, p. 134-138.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"134","endPage":"138","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292747,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"42","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f707e5e4b05ec1f2431c2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schamberger, Melvin L.","contributorId":10474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schamberger","given":"Melvin","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turner, Frederick B.","contributorId":44086,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turner","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1014242,"text":"1014242 - 1986 - Effects of five metals on susceptibility of striped bass to Flexibacter columnaris","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-08T16:47:00.201335","indexId":"1014242","displayToPublicDate":"1986-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of five metals on susceptibility of striped bass to Flexibacter columnaris","docAbstract":"Exposure of young striped bass Morone saxatilis (weight, 8.5–34 g) to a mixture of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, and selenium at 4 and 10 times the average environmental concentrations of 1–3 μg/L protected the fish from experimental infection with Flexibacter columnaris, the causal organism of columnaris disease. In four trials, all striped bass died within 7 d after a 2‐min exposure to 5 × 106 F. columnaris cells in untreated water. In contrast, no fish died after a single dayˈs exposure to the metal mixture followed by infection with F. columnaris and a second exposure to the metals for seven more days. When striped bass were exposed 5 d to individual metals, copper protected against infection and cadmium offered marginal protection but was slightly toxic after 2 d exposure. Arsenic increased susceptibility to infection, and lead and selenium were without an apparent effect.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1986)115<227:EOFMOS>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"MacFarlane, R., Bullock, G.L., and McLaughlin, J., 1986, Effects of five metals on susceptibility of striped bass to Flexibacter columnaris: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 115, no. 2, p. 227-231, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1986)115<227:EOFMOS>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"231","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132180,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2ee4b07f02db61562c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacFarlane, R.D.","contributorId":54559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacFarlane","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bullock, G. L.","contributorId":69498,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullock","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McLaughlin, J.J.A.","contributorId":100332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McLaughlin","given":"J.J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320030,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014922,"text":"70014922 - 1986 - Controlled and renewable release of phosphorous in soils from mixtures of phosphate rock and NH4-exchanged clinoptilolite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-19T16:21:43.948278","indexId":"70014922","displayToPublicDate":"1986-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3806,"text":"Zeolites","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Controlled and renewable release of phosphorous in soils from mixtures of phosphate rock and NH4-exchanged clinoptilolite","docAbstract":"A controlled and renewable release fertilization system is proposed that employs NH4 saturated clinoptilolite to aid in the dissolution of phosphate rock (apatite), and thereby to release soluble N, P, and exchangeable Ca for uptake by plants. The system is based on the principle that exchangers can sequester Ca ions released by the dissolution of apatite, thereby leading to further dissolution of the apatite. Experiments show that the quantity of P released by this method is an order of magnitude more than that released by apatite alone. This system offers an alternative technology to the acidulation of phosphate rock, and may circumvent problems associated with highly soluble fertilizers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0144-2449(86)80010-0","issn":"01442449","usgsCitation":"Lai, T., and Eberl, D.D., 1986, Controlled and renewable release of phosphorous in soils from mixtures of phosphate rock and NH4-exchanged clinoptilolite: Zeolites, v. 6, no. 2, p. 129-132, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0144-2449(86)80010-0.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"132","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224006,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fb47e4b0c8380cd4ddc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lai, T.-M.","contributorId":33855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lai","given":"T.-M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eberl, D. D.","contributorId":66282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eberl","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185583,"text":"70185583 - 1986 - Predictive accuracy of a ground-water model--Lessons from a postaudit","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T11:58:36","indexId":"70185583","displayToPublicDate":"1986-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predictive accuracy of a ground-water model--Lessons from a postaudit","docAbstract":"Hydrogeologic studies commonly include the development, calibration, and application of a deterministic simulation model. To help assess the value of using such models to make predictions, a postaudit was conducted on a previously studied area in the Salt River and lower Santa Cruz River basins in central Arizona. A deterministic, distributed-parameter model of the ground-water system in these alluvial basins was calibrated by Anderson (1968) using about 40 years of data (1923–64). The calibrated model was then used to predict future water-level changes during the next 10 years (1965–74). Examination of actual water-level changes in 77 wells from 1965–74 indicates a poor correlation between observed and predicted water-level changes. The differences have a mean of 73 ft that is, predicted declines consistently exceeded those observed and a standard deviation of 47 ft. The bias in the predicted water-level change can be accounted for by the large error in the assumed total pumpage during the prediction period. However, the spatial distribution of errors in predicted water-level change does not correlate with the spatial distribution of errors in pumpage. Consequently, the lack of precision probably is not related only to errors in assumed pumpage, but may indicate the presence of other sources of error in the model, such as the two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional problem or the lack of consideration of land-subsidence processes. This type of postaudit is a valuable method of verifying a model, and an evaluation of predictive errors can provide an increased understanding of the system and aid in assessing the value of undertaking development of a revised model.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1986.tb00993.x","usgsCitation":"Konikow, L.F., 1986, Predictive accuracy of a ground-water model--Lessons from a postaudit: Groundwater, v. 24, no. 2, p. 173-184, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1986.tb00993.x.","productDescription":"12 p. ","startPage":"173","endPage":"184","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338253,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Salt River basin, Lower Santa Cruz River basins","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.40087890624999,\n 32.36140331527543\n ],\n [\n -109.88525390624999,\n 32.36140331527543\n ],\n [\n -109.88525390624999,\n 36.27970720524017\n ],\n [\n -113.40087890624999,\n 36.27970720524017\n ],\n [\n -113.40087890624999,\n 32.36140331527543\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d6303ae4b05ec7991310fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686033,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185584,"text":"70185584 - 1986 - Modeling contamination of shallow unconfined aquifers through infiltration beds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-18T11:18:28","indexId":"70185584","displayToPublicDate":"1986-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling contamination of shallow unconfined aquifers through infiltration beds","docAbstract":"We model the transport of a simply reactive contaminant through an infiltration bed and underlying shallow, one-dimensional, unconfined aquifer with a plane, steeply sloping bottom in the assumed absence of dispersion and downgradient dilution. The effluent discharge and ambient groundwater flow under the infiltration beds are presumed to form a vertically mixed plume marked by an appreciable radial velocity component in the near field flow region. The near field analysis routes effluent contamination as a single linear reservoir whose output forms a source plane for the one-dimensional, far field flow region downgradient of the facility; the location and width of the source plane reflect the relative strengths of ambient flow and effluent discharge. We model far field contaminant transport, using an existing method of characteristics solution with frame speeds modified by recharge, bottom slope, and linear adsorption, and concentrations reflecting first-order reaction kinetics. The near and far field models simulate transport of synthetic detergents, chloride, total nitrogen, and boron in a contaminant plume at the Otis Air Force Base sewage treatment plant in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, with reasonable accuracy.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR022i003p00375","usgsCitation":"Ostendorf, D., 1986, Modeling contamination of shallow unconfined aquifers through infiltration beds: Water Resources Research, v. 22, no. 3, p. 375-382, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR022i003p00375.","productDescription":"8 p. ","startPage":"375","endPage":"382","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480128,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://archives.lib.state.ma.us/handle/2452/834290","text":"External Repository"},{"id":338255,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts ","county":"Barnstable County","otherGeospatial":"Otis Air Force Base","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.63316345214844,\n 41.597472596288675\n ],\n [\n -70.37155151367188,\n 41.597472596288675\n ],\n [\n -70.37155151367188,\n 41.792816561051815\n ],\n [\n -70.63316345214844,\n 41.792816561051815\n ],\n [\n -70.63316345214844,\n 41.597472596288675\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d63039e4b05ec7991310f9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ostendorf, D.W.","contributorId":189794,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ostendorf","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70208721,"text":"70208721 - 1986 - Renesting Characteristics of Captive Mallards on Experimental Ponds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-26T10:00:44","indexId":"70208721","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-26T09:52:44","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Renesting Characteristics of Captive Mallards on Experimental Ponds","docAbstract":"Renesting characteristics of captive wild-strain mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were investigated on experimental ponds in southcentral North Dakota during the breeding seasons of 1976-81. Renesting efforts and egg production increased during the 1st 3 years. Post-yearling females that experienced clutch loss during early incubation produced 3 clutches of eggs during the breeding season. All of the birds produced 4 clutches and 50% produced 5 during the study. Birds provided with an unlimited food supply produced an average of 10.36 ± 1.03 (SD), 9.97 ± 1.09 (SD), 9.59 ± 0.91 (SD), 8.47 ± 0.94 (SD), and 8.50 ± 0.50 (SD) eggs during each successive nesting attempt. Clutch size differed (P < 0.01) among birds, ages, and nesting attempts. Renesting intervals for mallard females on unlimited food averaged 7.13 ± 1.24 (SD) days and ranged from 5 to 10 days. Intervals differed (P < 0.01) among birds and interval sequences. When food availability was reduced, renesting intervals increased and clutch size decreased.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801484","usgsCitation":"Swanson, G., Shaffer, T., Wolf, J., and Lee, F., 1986, Renesting Characteristics of Captive Mallards on Experimental Ponds: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 50, no. 1, p. 32-38, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801484.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"38","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","otherGeospatial":"James River Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.21708679199219,\n 46.27863122156088\n ],\n [\n -98.24867248535156,\n 46.27958036616893\n ],\n [\n -98.24386596679688,\n 46.23495279600417\n ],\n [\n -98.22669982910156,\n 46.21737666278269\n ],\n [\n -98.2122802734375,\n 46.210724766468964\n ],\n [\n -98.18344116210936,\n 46.21832686791258\n ],\n [\n -98.18275451660155,\n 46.21357567783319\n ],\n [\n -98.17520141601561,\n 46.210724766468964\n ],\n [\n -98.17314147949219,\n 46.20312161266488\n ],\n [\n -98.16146850585938,\n 46.214050815339526\n ],\n [\n -98.14224243164062,\n 46.21547620319396\n ],\n [\n -98.12576293945312,\n 46.19646798981256\n ],\n [\n -98.12232971191406,\n 46.28290224282112\n ],\n [\n -98.21708679199219,\n 46.27863122156088\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Swanson, G.A.","contributorId":49299,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Swanson","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaffer, T.L.","contributorId":98245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaffer","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wolf, J.F.","contributorId":222782,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wolf","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":783161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lee, F.B.","contributorId":30174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"F.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":783162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70014538,"text":"70014538 - 1986 - Cation-ratio and accelerator radiocarbon dating of rock varnish on Mojave artifacts and landforms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-26T16:23:43.113484","indexId":"70014538","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-21T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cation-ratio and accelerator radiocarbon dating of rock varnish on Mojave artifacts and landforms","docAbstract":"The first accelerator radiocarbon dates of rock varnishes are reported along with potassium/argon ages of lava flows and conventional radiocarbon dates of pluvial lake shorelines, in an empirical calibration of rock varnish K+ + Ca2+/Ti4+ ratios with age in the Mojave Desert, eastern California. This calibration was used to determine the cation-ratio dates of 167 artifacts. Although cation-ratio dating is an experimental method, some dates suggest human occupation of the Mojave Desert in the late Pleistocene.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.231.4740.830","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Dorn, R., Bamforth, D., Cahill, T., Dohrenwend, J.C., Turrin, B.D., Donahue, D., Jull, A., Long, A., Macko, M., Weil, E., Whitley, D., and Zabel, T., 1986, Cation-ratio and accelerator radiocarbon dating of rock varnish on Mojave artifacts and landforms: Science, v. 231, no. 4740, p. 830-833, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.231.4740.830.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"830","endPage":"833","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225962,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"eastern California, Mojave Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.10107822219314,\n 35.63752245494534\n ],\n [\n -116.10107822219314,\n 34.317456232441515\n ],\n [\n -114.71218451844791,\n 34.317456232441515\n ],\n [\n -114.71218451844791,\n 35.63752245494534\n ],\n [\n -116.10107822219314,\n 35.63752245494534\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"231","issue":"4740","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f3cfe4b0c8380cd4b993","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorn, R.I.","contributorId":61172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dorn","given":"R.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bamforth, D.B.","contributorId":12209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bamforth","given":"D.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cahill, T.A.","contributorId":82862,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahill","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dohrenwend, J. C.","contributorId":40960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dohrenwend","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Turrin, B. D.","contributorId":32548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turrin","given":"B.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368618,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Donahue, D.J.","contributorId":22909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Donahue","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jull, A.J.T.","contributorId":79625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jull","given":"A.J.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Long, A.","contributorId":25307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Macko, M.E.","contributorId":34274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macko","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368619,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Weil, E.B.","contributorId":108258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weil","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Whitley, D.S.","contributorId":36692,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitley","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368620,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Zabel, T.H.","contributorId":41971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zabel","given":"T.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70218181,"text":"70218181 - 1986 - Kovats and lee retention indices determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for organic compounds of environmental interest","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-02-18T13:31:10.330047","indexId":"70218181","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-18T07:29:20","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2454,"text":"Journal of Separation Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Kovats and lee retention indices determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for organic compounds of environmental interest","docAbstract":"Retention indices of standard organic compounds of environmental interest were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, using a DB‐5 fused‐silica capillary column. Retention indices are useful references for tentative compound identification by gas chromatography, or confirmation by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. They provide elution order for isomers that might be indistinguishable based on mass spectra. Modified Kovats and Lee retention indices are given for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sulfur heterocycles; nitrogen heterocycles; aromatic amines; oxygen heterocycles; phenols; alcohols; ketones; alkanes; nitriles; and methylesters of fatty, dicarboxylic, and aromatic acids for comparison and reference. Retention index values for heterocycles by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry are comparable with gas chromatography values previously reported.
The isotopic compositions of dissolved CO2 and CH4 in sediments of the Nankai Trough indicate that CH4 is formed during early diagenesis by microbial reduction of CO2 . At the shallowest sampled depths, the CO2 dissolved in the pore water is unusually enriched in 12C (δ13C = - 35.2‰), indicating contribution of CO2 from oxidation of CH4 . The most intense microbiological activity appears to be confined to the uppermost 50 m of sediment, based on relative lack of change in the isotopic compositions below this depth. Gas hydrate probably is not present at these localities (Sites 582, 583) because of CH4 concentrations that are insufficient to saturate the pore water with respect to gas hy drate stability
","language":"English","publisher":"Texas A&M","doi":"10.2973/dsdp.proc.87.131.1986","usgsCitation":"Claypool, G., Vuletich, A., and Kvenvolden, K.A., 1986, Isotopic composition of interstitial fluids in sediment of the Nankai Trough, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 87: Initial Reports of the D.S.D.P., v. 87, p. 857-860, https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.87.131.1986.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"857","endPage":"860","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488903,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.87.131.1986","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":372069,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Claypool, George E.","contributorId":8475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claypool","given":"George E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vuletich, A.K.","contributorId":43784,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vuletich","given":"A.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kvenvolden, Keith A. kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","contributorId":3384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"Keith","email":"kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70208358,"text":"70208358 - 1986 - Dipping reflectors in the Norwegian Sea—ODP Leg 104 drilling results: LEG 104 SCIENTIFIC PARTY","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-05T12:03:27","indexId":"70208358","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-05T11:32:13","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2545,"text":"Journal of the Geological Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dipping reflectors in the Norwegian Sea—ODP Leg 104 drilling results: LEG 104 SCIENTIFIC PARTY","docAbstract":"Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 104 successfully completed a number of deep drill holes on the Outer V0ring Plateau and the Vering Basin during July and August 1985 (Fig. 1; Eldholm, Thiede, Taylor et al. 1986). One of the principal objectives of the leg was to drill and sample a thick oceanward-dipping wedge of seismic reflectors, known to characterize much of the multichannel seismic (MCS) profile data recorded across ocean-continent transitions in the NE Atlantic north of 55°N. Elsewhere, these reflectors have previously been the target of deep drilling during Legs 48 and 81 of the International Phase of Ocean Drilling IPOD (Montadert, Roberts et al. 1979; Roberts, Schnitker et al. 1984). These efforts met with some success, sampling only the uppermost part of the sequence and identifying a series of tholeiitic lava flows. Over the Outer V~ring Plateau, a number of MCS profiles reveal a distinct change in seismic character at the base of the well-stratified dipping reflector sequence, where an irregular surface characterized by a band of low-frequency, high-amplitude reflectors occurs. This surface is referred to as K. Prior to Leg 104, therefore, relatively little was known regarding the variation in petrographic character of the flows at depth, their evolution and origin, and particularly the character of the material below the reflector sequence. A single deep drillhole (642E) successfully recovered a section through the
","language":"English","publisher":"GeoScienceWorld","doi":"10.1144/gsjgs.143.6.0911","usgsCitation":"Eldholm, O., Thiede, J., Taylor, E., Bjorklund, K., Bleil, U., Cielsielski, P., Despraries, A., Donnally, D., Froget, C., Goll, R., Henrich, R., Jansen, E., Krissek, L., Kvenvolden, K.A., LeHuray, A., Love, D., Lysne, P., McDonald, T., Mudie, P., Osterman, L.E., Parson, L., Phillips, J., Pittenger, A., Qvale, G., Schoenharting, G., Viereck-Goette, L., Morton, A., and Gibson, I., 1986, Dipping reflectors in the Norwegian Sea—ODP Leg 104 drilling results: LEG 104 SCIENTIFIC PARTY: Journal of the Geological Society, v. 143, no. 6, p. 911-912, https://doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.143.6.0911.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"911","endPage":"912","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":372067,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Voring Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n 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G.","contributorId":222238,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qvale","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781600,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":24},{"text":"Schoenharting, G.","contributorId":222239,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schoenharting","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781601,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":25},{"text":"Viereck-Goette, L.","contributorId":37641,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Viereck-Goette","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":26},{"text":"Morton, A.","contributorId":222240,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morton","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781603,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":27},{"text":"Gibson, I.","contributorId":222241,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibson","given":"I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":28}]}} ,{"id":70014981,"text":"70014981 - 1986 - Geochemical imprint of depositional conditions on organic matter in laminated—Bioturbated interbeds from fine-grained marine sequences","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-18T16:09:14.808603","indexId":"70014981","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical imprint of depositional conditions on organic matter in laminated—Bioturbated interbeds from fine-grained marine sequences","docAbstract":"Laminated organic-rich shales are interbedded at a scale of centimeters to a few meters with bioturbated organic-poor mudstones or limestones in some fine-grained marine sequences. We have analyzed the organic matter in pairs of laminated/bioturbated interbeds from Cretaceous and Devonian rocks deposited in epicontinental and oceanic settings for the purpose of studying the influence of depositional and early diagenetic environment on the organic geochemical properties of marine shales. Results of these analyses indicate that for rocks that are still in a diagenetic stage of thermal alteration, the relative abundance of biomarker compounds and specific biomarker indices can be useful indicators of depositional and early diagenetic conditions. Pristane/phytane ratios are generally highest for laminated rocks from epicontinental basins and appear to reflect the input of isoprenoid precursors more than oxygenated versus anoxic depositional conditions. The thermally immature laminated rocks are characterized by relatively high contents of 17β(H), 21β(H)-hopanes, hopenes, sterenes and diasterenes, and by strong predominance of the 22R over 22S homohopane isomers. Thermally immature bioturbated samples are characterized by absence of the β,β-hopanes, by low contents of both saturated and unsaturated polycyclic hydrocarbons, and by slight or no predominance of the 22R over 22S homohopane isomers. There are less obvious compositional differences between the saturated hydrocarbons in the laminated and bioturbated units from the thermally mature sequences. For both the thermally mature and immature laminated samples, the degree of isomerization at the 22C position for hopanes and at the 20C position for steranes is generally consistent with the degree of thermal maturity interpreted from other properties of the organic matter. The bioturbated samples, however, exhibit inconsistent and anomalously high degrees of isomerization for the homohopanes, resulting either from reworking and oxidation of the primary organic matter or from the presence of older recycled organic matter.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(86)90089-7","usgsCitation":"Pratt, L.M., Claypool, G.E., and King, J.D., 1986, Geochemical imprint of depositional conditions on organic matter in laminated—Bioturbated interbeds from fine-grained marine sequences: Marine Geology, v. 70, no. 1-2, p. 67-84, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(86)90089-7.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"67","endPage":"84","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223959,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1642e4b0c8380cd550f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pratt, Lisa M.","contributorId":210865,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pratt","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Claypool, George E.","contributorId":76312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Claypool","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"King, J. David","contributorId":55434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222090,"text":"5222090 - 1986 - Wildlife in some areas of New Mexico and Texas accumulate elevated DDE residues, 1983","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-12T15:56:52.427963","indexId":"5222090","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-01T12:19:01","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wildlife in some areas of New Mexico and Texas accumulate elevated DDE residues, 1983","docAbstract":"Over the last decade, data gathered by the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service's National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program have identified an area of elevated DDE contamination in portions of New Mexico and Texas. Extensive wildlife sampling in 1983 confirmed that DDE, the major metabolite of the insecticide DDT, was present at high concentrations in wildlife at selected sites in the Rio Grande and Pecos River drainages. DDE in carcasses ranged up to 47 ppm (wet weight) in western kingbirds (Tyrannus verticalis), 35 ppm in house sparrows (Passer domesticus), 46 ppm in Brazilian free-tailed bats (Tadarida brasiliensis), and 104 ppm in whiptail lizards (Cnemidophorus spp.). DDE was also detected in gut contents from western kingbirds at some of the highest concentrations ever reported, ranging up to 21 ppm in proventricular samples. An average of 40% of the eggs of black-crowned night-herons (Nycticorax nycticorax) from two sites along the Pecos River in New Mexico had DDE levels (≥8 ppm) that have been associated in other studies with impaired reproduction. In contrast, wintering mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and American coots (Fulica americana) from the study area did not accumulate elevated DDE levels. DDE in wildlife samples at control sites (nonagricultural areas) was either absent or averaged less than 0.35 ppm.
Collectively, these data provide evidence that there is major DDE contamination of several vertebrate species in portions of the Rio Grande and Pecos River drainages, but whether the contamination is recent or residual was not determined. Apparently, the source was not DDE contamination present in dicofol (4-chloro-a-(4-chlorophenyl)-a-(trichloromethyl) benzenemethanol); neither dicofol nor its metabolite,p,p'-dichlorobenzophenone, were detected in wildlife carcasses (0.1 ppm detection limit) or proventricular contents (0.01 ppm detection limit) of western kingbirds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01059964","usgsCitation":"White, D.H., and Krynitsky, A.J., 1986, Wildlife in some areas of New Mexico and Texas accumulate elevated DDE residues, 1983: Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 15, no. 2, p. 149-157, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01059964.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"157","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198284,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico, 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activity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-20T16:59:38.098046","indexId":"5221500","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-01T12:19:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1536,"text":"Environmental Entomology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bird predation on cutworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in wheat fields and chlorpyrifos effects on brain cholinesterase activity","docAbstract":"Horned larks, Eremophila alpestris (L.), and McCown's longspurs, Calcarius mccownii (Lawrence), were collected at intervals from two winter wheat fields in Montana after aerial application of chlorpyrifos to control cutworms. Both bird species had a high (95–100%) incidence of Lepidoptera, mostly pale western cutworms, Agrotis orthogonia Morrison, in their stomachs at 3 days postspray. Incidence of cutworms and other insects in stomachs of birds from sprayed fields was lower at 9 and 16 days postspray than in control birds, presumably due to insecticide-caused reduction of insects. Effects of birds on population dynamics of insect pests in wheat are unknown, but birds do contribute to cutworm mortality. Predation is one of the limiting factors to cutworm increase and can supplement insecticidal control. Brain cholinesterase activity in horned larks collected from the sprayed fields at 3 and 9 days postspray was significantly lower than in unexposed larks, but at 16 days the difference was not significant. Although nontarget birds clearly were exposed to chlorpyrifos and manifested a sublethal physiological response, toxic effects were lesssevere than those resulting from endrin application for cutworm control in wheat. More study is needed of larger chlorpyrifos-treated fields under a variety of conditions to fully assess effects on nontarget life.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/ee/15.1.147","usgsCitation":"McEwen, L.C., DeWeese, L.R., and Schladweiler, P., 1986, Bird predation on cutworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in wheat fields and chlorpyrifos effects on brain cholinesterase activity: Environmental Entomology, v. 15, no. 1, p. 147-151, https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/15.1.147.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"147","endPage":"151","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193864,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1986-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a2be4b07f02db612f65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McEwen, L. C.","contributorId":33414,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEwen","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333992,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeWeese, Lawrence R.","contributorId":72047,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWeese","given":"Lawrence","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333993,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schladweiler, P.","contributorId":107801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schladweiler","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":333994,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014968,"text":"70014968 - 1986 - Identification of solute loading sources to a surface stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-22T16:34:42.54314","indexId":"70014968","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Identification of solute loading sources to a surface stream","docAbstract":"A study was performed to identify sources of solute loading to the Dirty Devil River and its major tributaries, in southeastern Utah. A primary goal was to determine the contribution of gypsum dissolution to total dissolved solids concentration, and its potential increase in the future if salinity control measures are instituted. Synoptic field data were collected during the low flow period in October 1983. Data were analyzed using the geochemistry models WATEQF and BALANCE to postulate mineral reactions leading to solute loading. Three known sources of solute loading, involving two different geochemical mechanisms, were clearly discernable. Two additional areas of possible gypsum dissolution were located.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1986.tb01863.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"Rittmaster, R., and Mueller, D., 1986, Identification of solute loading sources to a surface stream: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 22, no. 1, p. 81-89, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1986.tb01863.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"81","endPage":"89","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223791,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a383ce4b0c8380cd614c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rittmaster, R. L.","contributorId":55861,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rittmaster","given":"R. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mueller, D. K.","contributorId":93525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mueller","given":"D. K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014950,"text":"70014950 - 1986 - Wetland ecosystems studies from a hydrologic perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-22T16:23:14.326231","indexId":"70014950","displayToPublicDate":"1986-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetland ecosystems studies from a hydrologic perspective","docAbstract":"Selected studies from the literature were reviewed to determine the extent of knowledge about the relationship between hydrology and wetland ecosystem studies. Wetland studies of chemical input-output relationships have been the most dependent on hydrologic data of all wetland investigations; yet, very few of these studies have attempted to measure all components of a wetland's water balance. Usually, unmeasured components were calculated as the difference between measured inputs and outputs. Ground water frequently was overlooked. Chemical input-output investigations primarily were concerned with determining the amount of input retained in the wetlands. Few studies also included direct measurement of biogeochemical processes within wetlands of elements that were part of simultaneous input-output investigations. The importance of uncertainties in chemical budgets that are due to uncertainties in hydrologic budgets has been addressed in very few wetland investigations. Although many studies have emphasized the importance of hydrology to wetland ecosystem research, few studies have documented this, so that hydrology remains one of the least understood components of wetland ecosystems.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1986.tb01853.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"LaBaugh, J.W., 1986, Wetland ecosystems studies from a hydrologic perspective: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 22, no. 1, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1986.tb01853.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224395,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc39fe4b08c986b32b2af","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"LaBaugh, James W. 0000-0002-4112-2536 jlabaugh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4112-2536","contributorId":1311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaBaugh","given":"James","email":"jlabaugh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":369687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70206241,"text":"70206241 - 1986 - Application of continuous seismic reflection methods to hydrologic studies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-10-25T13:09:55","indexId":"70206241","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-31T12:55:07","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Application of continuous seismic reflection methods to hydrologic studies","docAbstract":"Oil and gas exploration and engineering studies in water‐covered areas routinely use continuous seismic profiling techniques to obtain subsurface geologic information. Such profiling also can be used effectively in hydrologic studies to define the geologic framework of aquifer systems, to locate hydrologic boundaries, and in some places, to interpret the lithologic character of aquifers and confining beds.
High‐resolution continuous seismic profiling, through the use of nonexplosive sound sources, can be used to produce continuous records that require little data processing before hydrogeologic interpretation. High‐resolution tuned transducer, minisparker, Uniboom, and small airgun systems operating from small boats in shallow water are capable of transmitting energy that can penetrate up to a hundred meters of earth materials. The resulting analog records of the reflected seismic signal closely resemble geologic sections.
Surveys on the Housatonic River in Connecticut and Massachusetts, and on the Connecticut River, in water from 1 to 10 meters deep, have defined the bedrock surface beneath 60 meters of stratified drift. Seismic‐reflection profiling also was used to determine the extent and thickness of recent lake‐bottom deposits in two Connecticut lakes.
Surveys along 90 kilometers of river channels in the Sarasota‐port Charlotte, Florida, area defined in detail the stratigrapahy and continuity of the shallow aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1986.tb01455.x","usgsCitation":"Haeni, F., 1986, Application of continuous seismic reflection methods to hydrologic studies: Groundwater, v. 24, no. 1, p. 23-31, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1986.tb01455.x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"31","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":368616,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Connecticut, Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Connecticut River, Housatonic River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -72.25982666015625,\n 41.304634388885916\n ],\n [\n -72.586669921875,\n 41.705728515237524\n ],\n [\n -72.5592041015625,\n 42.02481360781777\n ],\n [\n -72.6800537109375,\n 42.032974332441405\n ],\n [\n -72.69927978515625,\n 41.69752591075902\n ],\n [\n -72.44659423828125,\n 41.32732632036622\n ],\n [\n -72.3944091796875,\n 41.269549502842565\n ],\n [\n -72.25982666015625,\n 41.304634388885916\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.0971908569336,\n 41.17529461608787\n ],\n [\n -73.0594253540039,\n 41.30386066106877\n ],\n [\n -73.14971923828125,\n 41.37835427979543\n ],\n [\n -73.18336486816406,\n 41.41157824719922\n ],\n [\n -73.24207305908203,\n 41.44504258368392\n ],\n [\n -73.29288482666016,\n 41.47128714007432\n ],\n [\n -73.36807250976562,\n 41.49906391776462\n ],\n [\n -73.40858459472656,\n 41.583863615623294\n ],\n [\n -73.45252990722656,\n 41.62673502076991\n ],\n [\n -73.49647521972656,\n 41.67547622677174\n ],\n [\n -73.39279174804688,\n 41.79153671046777\n ],\n [\n -73.36704254150389,\n 41.821478516604024\n ],\n [\n -73.37150573730469,\n 41.83350248182098\n ],\n [\n -73.34678649902344,\n 41.88949926385016\n ],\n [\n -73.35124969482422,\n 41.91709605960302\n ],\n [\n -73.3615493774414,\n 41.97761388394733\n ],\n [\n -73.34575653076172,\n 42.01588661570966\n ],\n [\n -73.33236694335938,\n 42.05541092308216\n ],\n [\n -73.32035064697264,\n 42.099496120047895\n ],\n [\n -73.33683013916016,\n 42.10484541787715\n ],\n [\n -73.35124969482422,\n 42.13947756370087\n ],\n [\n -73.34232330322266,\n 42.23080529708004\n ],\n [\n -73.35433959960938,\n 42.25622128239617\n ],\n [\n -73.37150573730469,\n 42.26130325080725\n ],\n [\n -73.37459564208984,\n 42.24834342196849\n ],\n [\n -73.35914611816406,\n 42.21809346507041\n ],\n [\n -73.36704254150389,\n 42.18248671967966\n ],\n [\n -73.37425231933594,\n 42.14915080911929\n ],\n [\n -73.37356567382812,\n 42.117580024789625\n ],\n [\n -73.34953308105469,\n 42.09312731992276\n ],\n [\n -73.33511352539062,\n 42.08828660407765\n ],\n [\n -73.35708618164062,\n 42.06254817666338\n ],\n [\n -73.3560562133789,\n 42.047253079589595\n ],\n [\n -73.35227966308594,\n 42.04317376494972\n ],\n [\n -73.36051940917969,\n 42.024048486172525\n ],\n [\n -73.38180541992188,\n 41.98016611546063\n ],\n [\n -73.38008880615234,\n 41.94902190280396\n ],\n [\n -73.3718490600586,\n 41.88566543221387\n ],\n [\n -73.39244842529297,\n 41.828386176902555\n ],\n [\n -73.41682434082031,\n 41.7920486537679\n ],\n [\n -73.50128173828125,\n 41.725205507257016\n ],\n [\n -73.52531433105469,\n 41.67265537326585\n ],\n [\n -73.5157012939453,\n 41.65854925140818\n ],\n [\n -73.44566345214842,\n 41.5782137621912\n ],\n [\n -73.42334747314453,\n 41.56357320617609\n ],\n [\n -73.38764190673828,\n 41.48569140009698\n ],\n [\n -73.3612060546875,\n 41.47385956415865\n ],\n [\n -73.30867767333984,\n 41.44375581277325\n ],\n [\n -73.27743530273438,\n 41.44298373797846\n ],\n [\n -73.26610565185545,\n 41.42805515303884\n ],\n [\n -73.2297134399414,\n 41.42084702111327\n ],\n [\n -73.20568084716797,\n 41.40642835684362\n ],\n [\n -73.1795883178711,\n 41.375262814874915\n ],\n [\n -73.08174133300781,\n 41.29689669759202\n ],\n [\n -73.09856414794922,\n 41.27187187968119\n ],\n [\n -73.11847686767578,\n 41.22256815655704\n ],\n [\n -73.12602996826172,\n 41.19389811602941\n ],\n [\n -73.12911987304688,\n 41.16805849439579\n ],\n [\n -73.0971908569336,\n 41.17529461608787\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haeni, F.P.","contributorId":87105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haeni","given":"F.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":773912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70208068,"text":"70208068 - 1986 - Stratigraphy and correlation of the glacial deposits on the Montana Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-27T11:39:37","indexId":"70208068","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-27T11:24:46","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphy and correlation of the glacial deposits on the Montana Plains","docAbstract":"Till units representing at least three pre-Illinoian continental glaciations, at least one Illinoian glaciation, and a late Wisconsin glaciation have been identified on the Montana Plains. Early Wisconsin or middle Wisconsin till units have not been identified. The southernmost limit of late Wisconsin glaciation is in Montana, more than 170 km south of the Lethbridge moraine in Alberta, Canada (Figs 1 and 2). An interpretation that the Lethbridge moraine is the limit of late Wisconsin glaciation (Stalker, 1977, 1980, 1983b; Stalker and Harrison, 1977; Rutter, 1980, 1981; Jackson, 1983) is incompatible with stratigraphic and morphologic evidence from Montana.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0277-3791(86)90176-9","usgsCitation":"Fullerton, D.S., and Colton, R.B., 1986, Stratigraphy and correlation of the glacial deposits on the Montana Plains: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 5, p. 69-82, https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-3791(86)90176-9.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"82","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371564,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"The Montana plains ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -104.1064453125,\n 49.03786794532644\n ],\n [\n -116.378173828125,\n 48.99463598353405\n ],\n [\n -116.45507812500001,\n 47.989921667414194\n ],\n [\n -113.8623046875,\n 47.249406957888446\n ],\n [\n -104.0625,\n 47.30903424774781\n ],\n [\n -104.1064453125,\n 49.03786794532644\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fullerton, David S. fullerton@usgs.gov","contributorId":448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fullerton","given":"David","email":"fullerton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Colton, Roger B.","contributorId":17967,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colton","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70208066,"text":"70208066 - 1986 - Introduction to quaternary glaciations in the United States of America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-27T11:22:10","indexId":"70208066","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-27T11:15:04","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3219,"text":"Quaternary Science Reviews","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Introduction to quaternary glaciations in the United States of America","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","usgsCitation":"Richmond, G.M., and Fullerton, D.S., 1986, Introduction to quaternary glaciations in the United States of America: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 5, p. 3-10.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"10","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371562,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richmond, Gerald M.","contributorId":102858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richmond","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":780343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fullerton, David S. fullerton@usgs.gov","contributorId":448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fullerton","given":"David","email":"fullerton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":780344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70207906,"text":"70207906 - 1986 - World slope map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-17T13:53:44","indexId":"70207906","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-17T13:46:02","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1578,"text":"Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union","onlineIssn":"2324-9250","printIssn":"0096-394","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"World slope map","docAbstract":"A colored slope map (scale 1:80,000,000) was generated from digital land and sea floor elevations at 5‐min spacings from data tapes from the National Geophysical Data Center. Slope analysis is facilitated by examining the average slope in 250‐m altitude‐depth intervals both globally and in each of eight tectonic plates. The most striking feature of the map is the multiple parallel bands of steep slope at subduction zones. Submarine volcanic chains produce zones of steep slope that show little degradation at the scale of the map since the Cretaceous. The average slope, or roughness, of spreading ridges decreases exponentially with increasing spreading rate. The passive continental margins generate a steep zone at 1–2 km depth. The lowest average global slope (0.2°) occurs at sea level and reflects the base level that the sea provides for subaerial erosion and the upper limit for marine sedimentation. Slope minima also are caused by the abyssal plains at 4–6 km depth and by glacial ice caps at 3 km elevation.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/EO067i048p01353-01","usgsCitation":"Moore, J.G., and Mark, R.K., 1986, World slope map: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 67, no. 48, p. 1353-1362, https://doi.org/10.1029/EO067i048p01353-01.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1353","endPage":"1362","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371361,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"48","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2011-06-03","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779705,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mark, R. K.","contributorId":32159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mark","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779706,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70207786,"text":"70207786 - 1986 - Late Neogene and Quaternary coarse-fraction and carbonate stratigraphies for Site 586 on Ontong-Java Plateau and Site 591 on Lord Howe Rise","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-18T15:52:35.098556","indexId":"70207786","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-10T11:53:25","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1996,"text":"Initial Reports of the D.S.D.P.","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Neogene and Quaternary coarse-fraction and carbonate stratigraphies for Site 586 on Ontong-Java Plateau and Site 591 on Lord Howe Rise","docAbstract":"Carbonate oozes recovered by hydraulic piston coring at DSDP Site 586 on Ontong-Java Plateau and Site 591 on Lord Howe Rise have carbonate contents that are consistently higher than 90% with only minor variations. Consequently, paleoceanographic signals were not recorded in detail in the carbonate contents. However, mass accumulation rates of carbonate increased in the late Miocene to mid-Pliocene, reflecting an increase in productivity, then abruptly decreased from mid-Pliocene to the present. Variations in relative abundances of coarse material (foraminifers) and fine material (mostly calcareous nannofossils) do reflect histories of current winnowing and biogenic productivity at the two sites. The late Miocene from 10.5 to 6.5 m.y. ago was a time of relatively constant, quiet, pelagic sedimentation with typical southwest Pacific sedimentation rates of 20-25 m/m.y. The average coarse-fraction abundances are always higher at Site 586 than at Site 591, which reflects winnowing at Site 586. These conditions were interrupted between 6.5 to 4.0 m.y. ago when increased upwelling at the Subtropical Divergence and the Equatorial Divergence produced greater productivity of calcareous planktonic organisms. The increased productivity is suggested by large increases in both fineand coarse-fraction material and constant ratios of foraminifers to nannofossils. The maximum of productivity was about 4.0 m.y. ago. This period of increased upwelling is coincident with the inferred development of the West Antarctic ice sheet. The high productivity was followed by an abrupt increase in winnowing about 2.5 m.y. ago at Site 591, but not until about 2.0 m.y. ago at Site 586. By 2.0 m.y. ago in the late Pliocene, quiet, pelagic sedimentation conditions prevailed, similar to those of the late Miocene. The last 0.7 m.y. has been a period of relatively intense winnowing on Lord Howe Rise but not on Ontong-Java Plateau.
The coarse-fraction data have both long- and short-period fluctuations. Long-period fluctuations at Site 591 average about 850 × 103 yr./cycle and those at Site 586 average 430 × 103 yr./cycle. The highest amplitudes are found in the Pliocene and Quaternary sections. The short-period fluctuations range from 100 to 48 × 103 yr./cycle at Site 586 and from 250 to 33 × 103 yr./cycle at Site 591. The effects of local fluctuations of productivity and winnowing have modified the primary orbital forcing signals at these two sites to yield complex paleoceanographic records
","language":"English","publisher":"Texas A&M University, Ocean Drilling Program","doi":"10.2973/dsdp.proc.90.129.1986","usgsCitation":"Gardner, J.V., Dean, W.E., Bisagno, L., and Eileen Hemphill-Haley, 1986, Late Neogene and Quaternary coarse-fraction and carbonate stratigraphies for Site 586 on Ontong-Java Plateau and Site 591 on Lord Howe Rise: Initial Reports of the D.S.D.P., v. 90, no. 2, p. 1020-1124, https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.90.129.1986.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"1020","endPage":"1124","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488905,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2973/dsdp.proc.90.129.1986","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":371163,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Southwest Pacific Ocean, locations of DSDP Sites 206, 289, 586, and 591","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 143.26171875,\n -51.508742458803326\n ],\n [\n 180.17578125,\n -51.508742458803326\n ],\n [\n 180.17578125,\n 4.740675384778373\n ],\n [\n 143.26171875,\n 4.740675384778373\n ],\n [\n 143.26171875,\n -51.508742458803326\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"90","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gardner, J. V.","contributorId":114111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779323,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dean, Walter E. dean@usgs.gov","contributorId":1801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Walter","email":"dean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bisagno, Lynne","contributorId":221645,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bisagno","given":"Lynne","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eileen Hemphill-Haley","contributorId":206892,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Eileen Hemphill-Haley","affiliations":[{"id":7067,"text":"Humboldt State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":779326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70207750,"text":"70207750 - 1986 - Rhythmic bedding in Upper Cretaceous pelagic carbonate sequences: Varying sedimentary response to climatic forcing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-22T12:56:55.750334","indexId":"70207750","displayToPublicDate":"1986-01-09T12:23:51","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rhythmic bedding in Upper Cretaceous pelagic carbonate sequences: Varying sedimentary response to climatic forcing","docAbstract":"Rhythmic bedding is a prominent feature of North American and European Upper Cretaceous pelagic carbonate sequences deposited in epicontinental and continental-edge settings. Such bedding rhythms can result from variations in carbonate productivity, terrigenous dilution, redox conditions, or bottom currents. Each type of bedding cycle is expressed differently in the stratigraphic record but probably was caused by climatic cycles that are linked to variations in the Earth's orbital characteristics (Milankovitch cycles). Thus, pelagic carbonates of Cretaceous age acted as particularly sensitive recorders of orbitally induced changes in climate. Documentation of these bedding rhythms will permit detailed chronostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic correlations and will further illuminate depositional processes in Upper Cretaceous carbonate sequences.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1986)14<153:RBIUCP>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Arthur, M., Bottjer, D., Dean, W.E., Fischer, A., Hattin, D., Kauffman, E., and Pratt, L., 1986, Rhythmic bedding in Upper Cretaceous pelagic carbonate sequences: Varying sedimentary response to climatic forcing: Geology, v. 14, p. 153-156, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1986)14<153:RBIUCP>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"153","endPage":"156","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371110,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Arthur, M.A.","contributorId":24791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arthur","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bottjer, D.J.","contributorId":73370,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bottjer","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779183,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dean, Walter E. dean@usgs.gov","contributorId":1801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Walter","email":"dean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779184,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fischer, A.G.","contributorId":103001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fischer","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779185,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hattin, D.E.","contributorId":78870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hattin","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kauffman, E.G.","contributorId":77676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"E.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Pratt, L.M.","contributorId":217906,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pratt","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37145,"text":"Indiana University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":779188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}