This paper considers mutualistic interactions between two consumers, in which one consumer can consume a resource only by exchange of service for service with the other. By rigorous analysis on the one-resource and two-consumer model with Holling-type I response, we show periodic oscillations and tri-stability in the mutualism system: when their initial densities decrease, the consumers' interaction outcomes would change from coexistence in periodic oscillation, to persistence at a steady state, and to extinction. Under certain conditions, we also show two types of bi-stability in the system: the consumers would change from coexisting in periodic oscillation (resp. at a steady state) to going to extinction when their initial densities decrease. Then we analyze a modified system with Holling-type II response. Based on theoretical analysis and numerical computation, we show that there also exist tri-stability and two types of bi-stability in this system. Moreover, it is shown that varying the degree of obligation can lead to transition of interaction outcomes between coexistence in periodic oscillation (resp. at a steady state) and extinction of both consumers. These results are important in understanding complexity in mutualism.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jmaa.2021.125672","usgsCitation":"Wang, Y., Wu, H., and DeAngelis, D.L., 2021, Periodic oscillation and tri-stability in mutualism systems with two consumers: Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, v. 506, no. 2, 125672, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2021.125672.","productDescription":"125672","ipdsId":"IP-131197","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":408694,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"506","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wang, Yuanshi","contributorId":207814,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Yuanshi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37637,"text":"School of Mathematics and Computational Science Sun Yat-sen University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855730,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wu, Hong","contributorId":207815,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wu","given":"Hong","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37637,"text":"School of Mathematics and Computational Science Sun Yat-sen University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":855731,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeAngelis, Donald L. 0000-0002-1570-4057 don_deangelis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1570-4057","contributorId":148065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Donald","email":"don_deangelis@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":855732,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70224528,"text":"70224528 - 2021 - Survival and abundance of polar bears in Alaska’s Beaufort Sea, 2001–2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-01T16:02:45.091989","indexId":"70224528","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-23T08:38:20","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival and abundance of polar bears in Alaska’s Beaufort Sea, 2001–2016","docAbstract":"The Arctic Ocean is undergoing rapid transformation toward a seasonally ice-free ecosystem. As ice-adapted apex predators, polar bears (Ursus maritimus) are challenged to cope with ongoing habitat degradation and changes in their prey base driven by food-web response to climate warming. Knowledge of polar bear response to environmental change is necessary to understand ecosystem dynamics and inform conservation decisions. In the southern Beaufort Sea (SBS) of Alaska and western Canada, sea ice extent has declined since satellite observations began in 1979 and available evidence suggests that the carrying capacity of the SBS for polar bears has trended lower for nearly two decades. In this study, we investigated the population dynamics of polar bears in Alaska's SBS from 2001 to 2016 using a multistate Cormack–Jolly–Seber mark–recapture model. States were defined as geographic regions, and we used location data from mark–recapture observations and satellite-telemetered bears to model transitions between states and thereby explain heterogeneity in recapture probabilities. Our results corroborate prior findings that the SBS subpopulation experienced low survival from 2003 to 2006. Survival improved modestly from 2006 to 2008 and afterward rebounded to comparatively high levels for the remainder of the study, except in 2012. Abundance moved in concert with survival throughout the study period, declining substantially from 2003 and 2006 and afterward fluctuating with lower variation around an average of 565 bears (95% Bayesian credible interval [340, 920]) through 2015. Even though abundance was comparatively stable and without sustained trend from 2006 to 2015, polar bears in the Alaska SBS were less abundant over that period than at any time since passage of the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act. The potential for recovery is likely limited by the degree of habitat degradation the subpopulation has experienced, and future reductions in carrying capacity are expected given current projections for continued climate warming.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.8139","usgsCitation":"Bromaghin, J.F., Douglas, D.C., Durner, G.M., Simac, K.S., and Atwood, T.C., 2021, Survival and abundance of polar bears in Alaska’s Beaufort Sea, 2001–2016: Ecology and Evolution, v. 11, no. 20, p. 14250-14267, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8139.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"14250","endPage":"14267","ipdsId":"IP-125254","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450707,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8139","text":"External Repository"},{"id":389724,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Beaufort Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -166.2890625,\n 68.23682270936281\n ],\n [\n -156.4453125,\n 71.24435551310674\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 69.59589006237648\n ],\n [\n -141.15234374999997,\n 76.24781659441473\n ],\n [\n -166.55273437499997,\n 76.03731657616542\n ],\n [\n -166.2890625,\n 68.23682270936281\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bromaghin, Jeffrey F. 0000-0002-7209-9500 jbromaghin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-9500","contributorId":139899,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bromaghin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jbromaghin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Douglas, David C. 0000-0003-0186-1104 ddouglas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0186-1104","contributorId":2388,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Douglas","given":"David","email":"ddouglas@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Durner, George M. 0000-0002-3370-1191 gdurner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3370-1191","contributorId":3576,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durner","given":"George","email":"gdurner@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Simac, Kristin S. 0000-0002-4072-1940 ksimac@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4072-1940","contributorId":131096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simac","given":"Kristin","email":"ksimac@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823895,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70228980,"text":"70228980 - 2021 - Modelling presence versus abundance for invasive species risk assessment","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-25T14:26:41.787468","indexId":"70228980","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-23T08:22:22","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1399,"text":"Diversity and Distributions","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modelling presence versus abundance for invasive species risk assessment","docAbstract":"Invasive species prevention and management can be guided by comparisons of invasion risk across space and among species. Species distribution models are widely used to assess invasion risk and typically estimate suitability for species presence. However, suitability for presence may not capture patterns of abundance and impact. We asked how models estimating suitability for presence versus suitability for abundance aligned in their implications for risk assessment.
Western United States.
We developed ensembles of species distribution models for presence and for abundance for four invasive plants. We visualized the distribution of presence and abundance in environmental and geographic space and compared model outputs using criteria relevant for decision-making: a comparison of risk across management units for each species, and a ranking of risk among species for each management unit.
We found good overall agreement between models of presence versus abundance in the relative risk across management units and among species. However, the area predicted to be suitable for invasive species presence was often substantially higher than the area predicted to be suitable for abundance, especially within uninvaded management units.
Models of suitability for invasive species presence and abundance yielded similar assessments of relative risk in comparisons across space and species. In addition, we found patterns of presence and abundance in environmental space can guide modelling decisions and model interpretation. Suitability for abundance can improve relative risk assessment when abundance locations occupy a well-defined subset of the environmental space corresponding to presence. Where abundance locations occur throughout this environmental space, as was particularly striking for Taeniatherum caput-medusae, suitability for presence may better reflect risk of ongoing population increases and spread. This species is at risk of becoming abundant across a substantial portion of the western United States.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13414","usgsCitation":"Jarnevich, C.S., Sofaer, H., and Engelstad, P., 2021, Modelling presence versus abundance for invasive species risk assessment: Diversity and Distributions, v. 27, no. 12, p. 2454-2464, https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13414.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2454","endPage":"2464","ipdsId":"IP-123563","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450709,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13414","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436188,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9MVEPP4","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Presence and abundance data and models for four invasive plant species"},{"id":396476,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jarnevich, Catherine S. 0000-0002-9699-2336 jarnevichc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-2336","contributorId":3424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarnevich","given":"Catherine","email":"jarnevichc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":836066,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sofaer, Helen 0000-0002-9450-5223","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-5223","contributorId":216681,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sofaer","given":"Helen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":836067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Engelstad, Peder","contributorId":238758,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engelstad","given":"Peder","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70224629,"text":"70224629 - 2021 - Natural history of a bighorn sheep pneumonia epizootic: Source of infection, course of disease, and pathogen clearance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-16T15:49:41.376419","indexId":"70224629","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-23T08:21:55","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1467,"text":"Ecology and Evolution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Natural history of a bighorn sheep pneumonia epizootic: Source of infection, course of disease, and pathogen clearance","docAbstract":"A respiratory disease epizootic at the National Bison Range (NBR) in Montana in 2016–2017 caused an 85% decline in the bighorn sheep population, documented by observations of its unmarked but individually identifiable members, the subjects of an ongoing long-term study. The index case was likely one of a small group of young bighorn sheep on a short-term exploratory foray in early summer of 2016. Disease subsequently spread through the population, with peak mortality in September and October and continuing signs of respiratory disease and sporadic mortality of all age classes through early July 2017. Body condition scores and clinical signs suggested that the disease affected ewe groups before rams, although by the end of the epizootic, ram mortality (90% of 71) exceeded ewe mortality (79% of 84). Microbiological sampling 10 years to 3 months prior to the epizootic had documented no evidence of infection or exposure to Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae at NBR, but during the epizootic, a single genetic strain of M. ovipneumoniae was detected in affected animals. Retrospective screening of domestic sheep flocks near the NBR identified the same genetic strain in one flock, presumptively the source of the epizootic infection. Evidence of fatal lamb pneumonia was observed during the first two lambing seasons following the epizootic but was absent during the third season following the death of the last identified M. ovipneumoniae carrier ewe. Monitoring of life-history traits prior to the epizootic provided no evidence that environmentally and/or demographically induced nutritional or other stress contributed to the epizootic. Furthermore, the epizootic occurred despite proactive management actions undertaken to reduce risk of disease and increase resilience in this population. This closely observed bighorn sheep epizootic uniquely illustrates the natural history of the disease including the (presumptive) source of spillover, course, severity, and eventual pathogen clearance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/ece3.8166","usgsCitation":"Besser, T., Cassirer, E.F., Lisk, A., Nelson, D., Manlove, K.R., Cross, P., and Hogg, J.T., 2021, Natural history of a bighorn sheep pneumonia epizootic: Source of infection, course of disease, and pathogen clearance: Ecology and Evolution, v. 11, no. 21, p. 14366-14382, https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8166.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"14366","endPage":"14382","ipdsId":"IP-126913","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450711,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8166","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":390113,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"National Bison Range","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.51873779296875,\n 47.148633511301426\n ],\n [\n -113.93646240234375,\n 47.148633511301426\n ],\n [\n -113.93646240234375,\n 47.57837853860192\n ],\n [\n -114.51873779296875,\n 47.57837853860192\n ],\n [\n -114.51873779296875,\n 47.148633511301426\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","issue":"21","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Besser, T. E.","contributorId":266154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Besser","given":"T. E.","affiliations":[{"id":37380,"text":"Washington State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cassirer, E. Frances","contributorId":198303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cassirer","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Frances","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lisk, Amy","contributorId":266155,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lisk","given":"Amy","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36188,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nelson, Danielle","contributorId":266156,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Danielle","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37380,"text":"Washington State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Manlove, Kezia R.","contributorId":198305,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Manlove","given":"Kezia","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cross, Paul C. 0000-0001-8045-5213","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-5213","contributorId":204814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cross","given":"Paul C.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Hogg, John T.","contributorId":245903,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hogg","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":824444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70224529,"text":"70224529 - 2021 - Evidence for humans in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-24T13:39:08.628097","indexId":"70224529","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-23T08:19:29","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evidence for humans in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum","docAbstract":"Archaeologists and researchers in allied fields have long sought to understand human colonization of North America. When, how, and from where did people migrate, and what were the consequences of their arrival for the established fauna and landscape are enduring questions. Here, we present evidence from excavated surfaces of in situ human footprints from White Sands National Park (New Mexico, USA), where multiple human footprints are stratigraphically constrained and bracketed by seed layers that yield calibrated ages between ~23 and 21 ka. These findings confirm the presence of humans in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum, adding evidence to the antiquity of human colonization of the Americas, and provide a temporal range extension for the co-existence of early inhabitants and Pleistocene megafauna.","language":"English","doi":"10.1126/science.abg7586","usgsCitation":"Bennett, M.R., Bustos, D., Pigati, J.S., Springer, K.B., Urban, T.M., Holliday, V.T., Reynolds, S.C., Budka, M., Honke, J.S., Hudson, A.M., Fenerty, B., Connelly, C., Martinez, P., Santucci, V.L., and Odess, D., 2021, Evidence for humans in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum: Science, p. 1528-1531, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abg7586.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1528","endPage":"1531","ipdsId":"IP-125967","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450714,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/36202/7/science_manuscript_WHSA_rev3_17Aug21.pdf","text":"External Repository"},{"id":436190,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ABZEM9","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data release for Evidence of humans in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum"},{"id":389708,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"White Sands National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.49734497070312,\n 32.62434010409917\n ],\n [\n -106.12792968749999,\n 32.62434010409917\n ],\n [\n -106.12792968749999,\n 32.90495631913751\n ],\n [\n -106.49734497070312,\n 32.90495631913751\n ],\n [\n -106.49734497070312,\n 32.62434010409917\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bennett, Matthew R.","contributorId":265968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bennett","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":54847,"text":"Bournemouth University, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823896,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bustos, David","contributorId":265969,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bustos","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pigati, Jeffrey S. 0000-0001-5843-6219 jpigati@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5843-6219","contributorId":201167,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pigati","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jpigati@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Springer, Kathleen B. 0000-0002-2404-0264 kspringer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2404-0264","contributorId":149826,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Springer","given":"Kathleen","email":"kspringer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Urban, Thomas. M.","contributorId":265970,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Urban","given":"Thomas.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12722,"text":"Cornell University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823900,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Holliday, Vance T.","contributorId":265971,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Holliday","given":"Vance","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7042,"text":"University of Arizona","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reynolds, Sally C.","contributorId":265972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Sally","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":54847,"text":"Bournemouth University, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Budka, Marcin","contributorId":265973,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Budka","given":"Marcin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54847,"text":"Bournemouth University, U.K.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Honke, Jeffrey S. 0000-0003-4357-9297 jhonke@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-9297","contributorId":201389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honke","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jhonke@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Hudson, Adam M. 0000-0002-3387-9838 ahudson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3387-9838","contributorId":195419,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hudson","given":"Adam","email":"ahudson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823905,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Fenerty, Brendan","contributorId":261639,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fenerty","given":"Brendan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":52636,"text":"Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Connelly, Clare","contributorId":265974,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Connelly","given":"Clare","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Martinez, Patrick J.","contributorId":239661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martinez","given":"Patrick J.","affiliations":[{"id":47955,"text":"Colorado Division of Wildlife, retired; USFWS, retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Santucci, Vincent L.","contributorId":192886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Santucci","given":"Vincent","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Odess, Daniel","contributorId":265975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Odess","given":"Daniel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15}]}} ,{"id":70230404,"text":"70230404 - 2021 - Informing future condition scenario planning for habitat specialists of the imperiled pine rockland ecosystem of South Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-12T13:20:09.477273","indexId":"70230404","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-23T08:12:11","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":7504,"text":"Final Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"Informing future condition scenario planning for habitat specialists of the imperiled pine rockland ecosystem of South Florida","docAbstract":"This project evaluated habitat conditions for two species found in the imperiled pine rockland ecosystem—the Rim Rock Crowned Snake (Tantilla oolitica) and the Key Ring-Necked Snake (Diadophis punctatus acricus). The Rim Rock Crowned Snake historically occurred in eastern Miami-Dade County (hereafter, mainland) as well as throughout the Florida Keys, whereas the Key Ring-Necked Snake occurs only in lower Florida Keys (Enge et al. 2004; Mays and Enge 2016). Both species are very elusive, small (< 20 cm in length) and primarily fossorial. Pine rockland habitat is rapidly disappearing in South Florida, with < 3 percent of its original extent remaining. Saltwater intrusion from hurricanes and sea-level rise (SLR), and human development pose the greatest threats to the longevity of this ecosystem which, in turn, places species that are endemic to this unique habitat at risk of extinction.
The Rim Rock Crowned Snake and the Key Ringed-Necked Snake are being considered for listing by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). To aid the agency’s decision, it must be able to forecast species’ responses to potential future environmental conditions, as well as to different conservation and management actions. Yet, the information needed to complete these forecasts—such as population trends, life history traits, habitat use, and future land use and climate conditions—is often lacking for most rare species. This is especially problematic for assessments of species resiliency to changes in climate and land use.
When these types of data are lacking, information on habitat quality can be used to help determine how a species will respond to change. First, this project gathered current and historical records for both species from various sources such as museum specimens, inventories, and other personal account. Then, we identified potential future changes in habitat that could result from different management actions, such as habitat acquisition or restoration, and environmental conditions, such as changes in the frequency and intensity of tropical storms and rates of SLR. Researchers then explored the potential impacts of these habitat condition changes on the Rim Rock Crowned Snake and Key Ring-Necked Snake.
This information can be used by the USFWS to help make decisions about the need to protect these species under the Endangered Species Act and could inform the conservation, management, and recovery of other at-risk species found in the pine rockland ecosystem. This work supports the Secretary of Interior’s priority to create a conservation stewardship legacy by using science to identify best practices to manage land and water resource and adapt to changes in the environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","usgsCitation":"Walls, S.C., 2021, Informing future condition scenario planning for habitat specialists of the imperiled pine rockland ecosystem of South Florida: Final Report, 18 p.","productDescription":"18 p.","ipdsId":"IP-129367","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":398537,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":398518,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://secasc.ncsu.edu/science/pine-rocklands/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.0458984375,\n 24.287026865376436\n ],\n [\n -79.9365234375,\n 24.287026865376436\n ],\n [\n -79.9365234375,\n 26.244156283890756\n ],\n [\n -82.0458984375,\n 26.244156283890756\n ],\n [\n -82.0458984375,\n 24.287026865376436\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walls, Susan C. 0000-0001-7391-9155 swalls@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-9155","contributorId":138952,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walls","given":"Susan","email":"swalls@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":840331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70227126,"text":"70227126 - 2021 - Evaluating streamwater dissolved organic carbon dynamics in context of variable flowpath contributions with a tracer-based mixing model","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-03T15:32:26.574984","indexId":"70227126","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-23T08:09:33","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating streamwater dissolved organic carbon dynamics in context of variable flowpath contributions with a tracer-based mixing model","docAbstract":"This study focuses on characterizing the contributions of key terrestrial pathways that deliver dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to streams during hydrological events and on elucidating factors governing variation in water and DOC fluxes from these pathways. We made high-frequency measurements of discharge, specific conductance (SC), and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) during 221 events recorded over 2 years within four Vermont (USA) watersheds that range in area from 0.4 to 139 km2. Using the SC measurements, together with statistical information on discharge, we separated the event hydrographs into contributions from three terrestrial pathways, which we refer to as riparian quickflow, subsurface quickflow, and slow-flow groundwater. The pathway discharges were used as input to a mixing model that closely approximated sub-hourly streamwater DOC concentrations as measured with the FDOM sensors. Subsurface quickflow, comprised of pre-event water, was the leading contributor to streamwater DOC fluxes, while riparian quickflow, comprised of event water, was the second-leading contributor to streamwater DOC fluxes, despite comprising the smallest proportion of streamflow yield among the three end-member pathways. Fixed-effects regression analysis revealed that the relationship between DOC fluxes from the end-member pathways and event magnitude was consistent across the four watersheds. This analysis also showed that DOC fluxes from the quickflow pathways increased significantly with temperature and varied inversely, but weakly, with catchment antecedent wetness. We believe that our approach, which leverages in-stream sensors that enable high-frequency measurements over extended periods, may be applicable for evaluating controls on DOC export from other watersheds within and beyond our study region.
Carbon dioxide emissions from active subaerial volcanoes represent 20–50% of the annual global volcanic CO2 flux (Barry et al., 2014). Passive degassing of carbon from the flanks of volcanoes, and the associated accumulation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) within nearby groundwater, also represents a potentially important, yet poorly constrained flux of carbon to the surface (Werner et al., 2019). Here we investigate sources and sinks of DIC in groundwaters in the Lassen Peak region of California. Specifically, we report and interpret the relative abundance and isotopic composition of helium (3He, 4He) and carbon (12C, 13C, 14C) in 37 groundwater samples, from 24 distinct wells, collected between 20 and 60 km from Lassen Peak. Measured groundwater samples have air-corrected 3He/4He values between 0.19 and 7.44 RA (where RA = air 3He/4He = 1.39 × 10−6), all in excess of the radiogenic production value (~0.05 RA), indicating pervasive mantle-derived helium additions to the groundwater system in the Lassen Peak region. Stable carbon isotope ratios of DIC (δ13C) vary between −12.6 and − 27.7‰ (vs. VPDB). Measured groundwater DIC/3He values fall in the range of 2.2 × 1010 to 1.1 × 1012. Using helium and carbon isotope data, we explore several conceptual models to estimate surface carbon contributions and to differentiate between DIC derived from soil CO2 versus DIC derived from external (slab and mantle) carbon sources. Specifically, if we use 14C to identify soil-derived DIC (assuming decadal-to-centennial groundwater ages and a soil CO2 14C activity equal to that of the atmosphere), we calculate that a hypothetical external carbon source would have an apparent δ13C signature between −10.3 and − 59.3‰ (vs. Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite (VPDB)) and an apparent C/3He between 7.0 × 109 and 1.0 × 1012. These apparent δ13C and C/3He values are substantially isotopically lighter than and greater than canonical MORB values, respectively. We suggest that >95% of any external (non-soil-derived) DIC in groundwater must thus be non-mantle in origin (i.e., slab derived or assimilated organic carbon). We further investigate possible sources of external DIC to groundwater using two idealized conceptual approaches: a pure (unfractionated) source mixing model (after Sano and Marty, 1995) and a scenario that invokes fractionation due to calcite precipitation. Because the former model requires carbon contributions from an organic source component with unrealistically low δ13C (~ − 60‰), we suggest that the second scenario is more plausible. Importantly, however, we caution that all conceptual models are dependent on assumptions about initial 14C activity. Thus, we cannot rule out the possibility that the true fraction of non-surface-derived DIC in these samples is lower or negligible, despite the pervasive mantle-derived He isotope signatures throughout the region. Following the 14C approach to deconvolving sources of DIC, we determine that the maximum passive carbon flux could be up to ~2.2 × 106 kg/yr, which is lower than previous magmatic carbon flux estimates from the Lassen region (Rose and Davisson, 1996). We find that the passive dissolved carbon flux could represent a maximum of ~4–18% of the total Lassen geothermal CO2 degassing flux (estimated to be ~3.5 × 107 kg/yr Rose and Davisson, 1996; Gerlach et al., 2008), which is still more than an order of magnitude smaller than soil gas CO2 flux estimates (7.3–11 × 107 kg/yr) for nearby volcanoes (Sorey et al., 1998; Gerlach et al., 1999; Evans et al., 2002; Werner et al., 2014). We conclude that passive dissolved carbon fluxes should be combined with geothermal fluxes and soil gas fluxes to obtain a complete picture of volcanic carbon emissions globally. Our approach highlights the utility of measuring helium isotopes in concert with the full suite of noble gas abundances, tritium, δ13C and 14C, which when interpreted together can be used to better elucidate the various sources of DIC in groundwater.
Information about past ecosystem dynamics and human activities is stored in the ice of Colle Gnifetti glacier in the Swiss Alps. Adverse climatic intervals incurred crop failures and famines and triggered reestablishment of forest vegetation but also societal resilience through innovation. Historical documents and lake sediments record these changes at local—regional scales but often struggle to comprehensively document continental-scale impacts on ecosystems. Here, we provide unique multiproxy evidence of broad-scale ecosystem, land use, and climate dynamics over the past millennium from a Colle Gnifetti microfossil and oxygen isotope record. Microfossil data indicate that before 1750 CE forests and fallow land rapidly replaced crop cultivation during historically documented societal crises caused by climate shifts and epidemics. Subsequently, with technology and the introduction of more resilient crops, European societies adapted to the Little Ice Age cold period, but resource overexploitation and industrialization led to new regional to global-scale environmental challenges.
For the past ∼12 years the Pacific Northwest Seismic Network has been automatically detecting and locating tectonic tremor across the Cascadia subduction zone, resulting in a catalog of more than 500,000 tremor epicenters to date, which has served as a valuable resource for tremor and slip research. This manuscript presents an updated methodology for routine tremor detection in Cascadia and a new catalog of over 180,000 tremor epicenters including amplitudes detected along the subduction zone margin from 2017 to 2021. The events are detected via cross-correlation of continuous vertical envelope data of 128 stations from northern California to northern Vancouver Island. The modified approach results in less scatter and a 55% increase in detected epicenters than previously observed, as well as a newly identified tremor source offset updip from the main tremor and slip region at the southern edge of the subduction zone. Radiated seismic energy in the 1.5–5 Hz band is used to assign epicenters an energy magnitude (MeL), which is calibrated to the ML of local earthquakes. Southern Cascadia is most active, but the highest tremor energy rates occur in northern Cascadia. Tremor in central Cascadia is systematically weaker and less frequent. Individual epicenter magnitudes range from ∼0.5–2 and spatiotemporally cluster into 1,060 swarms with cumulative MeL ranging from ∼0.8 to 3.7. The swarms reflect underlying slow slip events and occur with an earthquake-like energy distribution with a b value ∼1. Tremor epicenters, however, follow a tapered Gutenberg-Richter distribution with high b values, suggesting individual tremor bursts and their constituent low-frequency earthquakes are fault-dimension limited.
Red Knots (Calidris canutus rufa) stop at Delaware Bay during northward migration to feed on eggs of horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus). The northward migration of C. c. rufa coincides with the spawning of horseshoe crabs whose eggs are the perfect food for a migrating Red Knot (Karpanty et al. 2006, Haramis et al. 2007). Horseshoe crabs are therefore an important food resource for Red Knots as well as other shorebirds at Delaware Bay.
Horseshoe crabs have been harvested since at least 1990 for use as bait in American eel (Anguilla rostrata) and whelk (Busycon) fisheries (Kreamer and Michels 2009). In the late 1990s and early 2000s the number of Red Knots found at Delaware Bay declined dramatically from ~50,000 to ~13,000 (Niles et al. 2008). At the same time the number of horseshoe crabs harvested also declined and avian conservation biologists hypothesized that unregulated harvest of horseshoe crabs from Delaware Bay in the 1990s prevented sufficient refueling during stopover for successful migration to the breeding grounds, nesting, and survival for the remainder of the annual cycle (McGowan et al. 2011).
The harvest of horseshoe crabs in the Delaware Bay region has been managed by the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC) since 2012 using an Adaptive Resource Management (ARM) framework (McGowan et al. 2015b). The ARM framework was designed to constrain the harvest so that number of spawning crabs would not limit the number of Red Knots stopping at Delaware Bay during migration. This management framework to achieve multiple objectives requires an estimate each year of both the crab population and the Red Knot stopover population size to inform harvest recommendations (McGowan et al. 2015a). We have estimated the stopover population size using mark-resight data on individually-marked birds and a Jolly-Seber model for open populations since 2011.
","language":"English","publisher":"Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission","usgsCitation":"Lyons, J.E., 2021, Red knot stopover population size and migration ecology at Delaware Bay, USA, 2021, 21 p.","productDescription":"21 p.","ipdsId":"IP-135416","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":427147,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":398095,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dnrec.delaware.gov/fish-wildlife/conservation/shorebirds/research/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.09403509407363,\n 38.74026331013363\n ],\n [\n -74.92922524720622,\n 38.95518554423097\n ],\n [\n -74.86023507875021,\n 39.17242937484494\n ],\n [\n -75.47348102058082,\n 39.53695640590777\n ],\n [\n -75.45818237996806,\n 39.725833415896574\n ],\n [\n -75.62300710583959,\n 39.7375634879601\n ],\n [\n -75.68813576821344,\n 39.5812414619472\n ],\n [\n -75.61529784001694,\n 39.40677166373757\n ],\n [\n -75.46198775359684,\n 39.16648631014266\n ],\n [\n -75.34700185696957,\n 38.90151720709986\n ],\n [\n -75.09403509407363,\n 38.74026331013363\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lyons, James E. 0000-0002-9810-8751","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-8751","contributorId":222844,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":839581,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70224547,"text":"70224547 - 2021 - SiteOpt: An open-source R-package for site selection and portfolio optimization","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-16T15:45:42.56053","indexId":"70224547","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-22T08:35:08","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1445,"text":"Ecography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"SiteOpt: An open-source R-package for site selection and portfolio optimization","docAbstract":"Conservation planning involves identifying and selecting actions to best achieve objectives for managing natural, social and cultural resources. Conservation problems are often high dimensional when specified as combinatorial or portfolio problems and when multiple competing objectives are considered at varying spatial and temporal scales. Although analytical techniques such as modern portfolio theory (MPT) have been developed to address these complex problems, open source computational platforms for executing these approaches are not readily available. We present a user-friendly R-package called SiteOpt for optimization of binary decisions while explicitly considering environmental or economic uncertainty and the risk tolerance of decision makers. We illustrate the package with spatially-explicit site selection problems (i.e. spatial conservation planning), including an option for divestment (i.e. selling assets), when accounting for future uncertainties in designing conservation areas. The tool is applicable to both spatial and non-spatial problems, such as budget allocation or species selection. Constraints for spatial design and spatial dependencies (e.g. connectivity among sites) can also be specified in SiteOpt. Users can optimize site selection based on two competing objectives by solving for the Nash bargaining solution. Importantly, by quantifying uncertainty and asset spatial correlation, a measure of risk can be included as one such objective to be traded off against portfolio benefits. Thus, SiteOpt can be used to explicitly manage risk in portfolio-based spatial optimization. This tool facilitates decisions in a variety of problem settings, including reserve selection, invasive species management, allocation of law enforcement activities for conservation, budget allocation and asset selection under uncertainty and risk.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/ecog.05717","usgsCitation":"Saghand, P.G., Haider, Z., Charkhgard, H., Eaton, M.J., Martin, J., Yurek, S., and Udell, B.J., 2021, SiteOpt: An open-source R-package for site selection and portfolio optimization: Ecography, v. 44, no. 11, p. 1678-1685, https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.05717.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1678","endPage":"1685","ipdsId":"IP-119211","costCenters":[{"id":40926,"text":"Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":450726,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.05717","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436191,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9S4QV7T","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Data from SiteOpt: an Open-source R-package for Site Selection and Portfolio Optimization"},{"id":389806,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Saghand, Payman G","contributorId":266005,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saghand","given":"Payman","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haider, Zulqarnain","contributorId":216714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haider","given":"Zulqarnain","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Charkhgard, Hadi","contributorId":216710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Charkhgard","given":"Hadi","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7163,"text":"University of South Florida","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eaton, Mitchell J. 0000-0001-7324-6333","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7324-6333","contributorId":213526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"Mitchell","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Martin, Julien 0000-0002-7375-129X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7375-129X","contributorId":218445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Julien","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824027,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Yurek, Simeon 0000-0002-6209-7915","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6209-7915","contributorId":216738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yurek","given":"Simeon","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824028,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Udell, Bradley J. 0000-0001-5225-4959","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5225-4959","contributorId":223440,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Udell","given":"Bradley","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":40715,"text":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824029,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70226497,"text":"70226497 - 2021 - Frequency distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-22T14:23:44.401647","indexId":"70226497","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-22T08:20:57","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Frequency distribution","docAbstract":"Given a numerical dataset, a frequency distribution is a summary displaying fluctuations of an attribute within the range of values. In contrast to an analytical probability distribution, a frequency distribution always deals with empirically observed values (Everitt and Skondall 2010). In general, the larger the number of values, the more useful is the frequency distribution relative to listing all values. Today, multiple software packages allow easy display of a frequency distribution.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of mathematical geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-26050-7","usgsCitation":"Olea, R., 2021, Frequency distribution, chap. of Encyclopedia of mathematical geosciences, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26050-7.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-122768","costCenters":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":498722,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://pure.qub.ac.uk/en/publications/fce9c7cb-69b5-4b16-9f9a-f81c0c89e272","text":"External Repository"},{"id":391979,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":224285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70224321,"text":"70224321 - 2021 - Drought resistance and resilience: The role of soil moisture–plant interactions and legacies in a dryland ecosystem","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-22T12:22:40.018062","indexId":"70224321","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-22T07:18:02","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2242,"text":"Journal of Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drought resistance and resilience: The role of soil moisture–plant interactions and legacies in a dryland ecosystem","docAbstract":"Bee conservation is a topic of global concern, particularly in agroecosystems where their contribution to crop pollination is highly valued. Over a decade ago, bees and other pollinators were made a priority of the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), a U.S. federal program that pays land owners to establish a conservation cover, typically grassland, on environmentally sensitive farmland. Despite large financial investment in this program, few studies have measured the benefit of CRP to bees, particularly in complex agroecosystems with abundant alternative forage. To determine if CRP land seeded with pollinator-attractive native flowers and/or introduced legumes provides distinct floral composition that attracts more foraging bees than non-CRP habitats, we compared CRP land to paired non-CRP fields and roadsides at 31 sites in Michigan, U.S.A.. We found CRP land had unique floral species community composition, higher floral abundance, greater species richness, more native floral species, and greater inflorescence coverage. Greater inflorescence coverage on CRP land was associated with a greater abundance of both honey bees and wild bees than either non-CRP fields or roadsides, as was native flower abundance for wild bees. Showy native plant species were important forage resources on CRP land: Monarda fistulosa was the most foraged upon species by both honey bees and wild bees, and goldenrod species were important late-summer forage resources for honey bees. These findings demonstrate the benefit of managing CRP land with herbaceous seed mixes to create dense, showy, native plant communities that provide summer-long resources to both bee groups. Insights from this study could be used to enhance the composition of future conservation program investments and management of non-CRP land to benefit pollinators.
Preferential sampling is a form of data collection that may significantly distort the histogram and the semivariogram of spatially correlated data. Typical situations are a higher sampling density at high-valued areas favorable for mining, and highly contaminated areas in need of environmental remediation. Multiple statistical procedures are devoted to obtaining representative statistics, whose magnitudes should be close to the respective population values. This paper proposes a resampling method that can compensate for preferential sampling of spatially correlated data without using declustering weights. The application of the method herein generates a dataset of median estimates of quantiles of multiple stratified resamples that is free of preferential sampling. The methodology is illustrated with two examples. The first one involves values actually measured in the field and has the advantage of representing a real scenario of spatial fluctuations and preferential sampling. A second dataset is synthetic and has the main benefit of a priori knowledge of the underlying spatial distribution, thus allowing a satisfactory evaluation of the results against the known baseline. Access to computer code is offered for practical application of the method.
The Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu; SMB) is a widely distributed black bass species, but the southwestern edge of the species range within the Interior Highlands contains some of the most divergent ecotypes. The Neosho subspecies (M. d. velox) inhabits tributaries of the Arkansas River within the Ozark Mountains and a second lineage is reported from drainages of the Ouachita Mountains. We sought to develop a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel to (1) diagnose hybridization with sympatric Spotted Bass (Micropterus punctulatus; SPB) and non-native Northern SMB (M. d. dolomieu) stocked in the region, and (2) delineate population structure within the ranges of the Neosho and Ouachita SMB lineages. We obtained 76 individual SMB samples from across their range but concentrated within the Interior Highlands (n = 50). We also included 3 SPB to allow for hybrid detection and 3 Shoal Bass (Micropterus cataractae) as an outgroup. Phylogenetic trees constructed with the generated SNP data corroborated the existence of at least three major lineages of SMB (Northern, Neosho, and Ouachita), each containing varying degrees of differentiation among major drainages. Simulation analyses revealed that chosen SNPs had high power (> 0.9) to assign SMB × SPB hybrid categories and similarly high power (> 0.8) for Northern SMB × Interior Highlands SMB hybrids. Clustering methods delineated major inter-basin population structure within the native ranges of Neosho and Ouachita SMB with chosen SNPs. Anticipated uses of the resulting 192-loci SNP panel include conservation planning, fisheries management assessments, and ecological investigations of the Neosho and Ouachita SMB lineages.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/s12686-020-01170-8","usgsCitation":"Long, J.M., Taylor, A.T., and Buonaccorsi, V., 2021, A conservation-oriented SNP panel for Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu), with emphasis on Interior Highlands lineages: Conservation Genetics Resources, v. 13, p. 47-59, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-020-01170-8.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"47","endPage":"59","ipdsId":"IP-115509","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":395780,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas, Missouri, Oklahoma","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.8447265625,\n 33.358061612778876\n ],\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 33.358061612778876\n ],\n [\n -91.0986328125,\n 37.405073750176925\n ],\n [\n -95.8447265625,\n 37.405073750176925\n ],\n [\n -95.8447265625,\n 33.358061612778876\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2020-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":834205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Taylor, A. T.","contributorId":275351,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taylor","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":7249,"text":"Oklahoma State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buonaccorsi, V.","contributorId":275670,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buonaccorsi","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":56875,"text":"The Center for Aquaculture Technologies","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":834207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70263065,"text":"70263065 - 2021 - Scale growth rates and scale circulus deposition rates of marine-stage Atlantic salmon Salmo salar raised under semi-natural conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-29T16:33:18.150509","indexId":"70263065","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-21T10:25:22","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20060,"text":"Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Scale growth rates and scale circulus deposition rates of marine-stage Atlantic salmon Salmo salar raised under semi-natural conditions","title":"Scale growth rates and scale circulus deposition rates of marine-stage Atlantic salmon Salmo salar raised under semi-natural conditions","docAbstract":"Scale circuli yield valuable information about the life history, age, and growth of a fish. However, because circuli formation is influenced by somatic growth, the rate at which circuli are formed and the factors influencing these rates must be taken into account for the given life stage of the study species. Scales were collected from Atlantic salmon raised in marine net pens off of the coast of Maine in order to characterize the formation of scale circuli and the growth of scales during the ocean phase, and to relate circulus deposition and scale growth rate to water temperature. Fish were sampled 13 times over a period of 25 months. Neither circulus deposition rate nor growth rate were constant through time and the same trend held when circulus deposition and growth were related to thermal experience. Both rates decreased over the course of the study, presumably related to the fish reaching sexual maturity. The results of this study indicate that the pattern of circulus deposition and scale growth of Atlantic salmon vary greatly during the early marine phase, and this dynamic should be taken into account when assessing growth, especially over short time periods.
","language":"English","publisher":"Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization","doi":"10.2960/J.v52.m733","usgsCitation":"Peterson, E., Sheehan, T., and Zydlewski, J.D., 2021, Scale growth rates and scale circulus deposition rates of marine-stage Atlantic salmon Salmo salar raised under semi-natural conditions: Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science, v. 52, p. 19-27, https://doi.org/10.2960/J.v52.m733.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"19","endPage":"27","ipdsId":"IP-110206","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":489762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2960/j.v52.m733","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":481464,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Newfoundland","otherGeospatial":"Placentia Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -53.5,\n 47.5\n ],\n [\n -54.5,\n 47.5\n ],\n [\n -54.5,\n 46.667\n ],\n [\n -53.5,\n 46.667\n ],\n [\n -53.5,\n 47.5\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, Erin","contributorId":287522,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peterson","given":"Erin","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":925429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sheehan, Timothy F.","contributorId":272581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheehan","given":"Timothy F.","affiliations":[{"id":36803,"text":"NOAA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":925430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zydlewski, Joseph D. 0000-0002-2255-2303 jzydlewski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-2303","contributorId":2004,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zydlewski","given":"Joseph","email":"jzydlewski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":925428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70227095,"text":"70227095 - 2021 - White-nose Syndrome and environmental correlates to landscape-scale bat presence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-29T14:40:46.904017","indexId":"70227095","displayToPublicDate":"2021-09-21T08:35:06","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"White-nose Syndrome and environmental correlates to landscape-scale bat presence","docAbstract":"Over the past 13 years, White-nose Syndrome (WNS) has caused North American bat population declines and shifted community structure towards species less or unaffected by the disease. Mist-netting, acoustic surveys, and cave count data have been used to document changes in bat presence and activity through site-specific, pre- and post-WNS studies. Management and survey guidance often must be applied at a combined landscape and site-specific scale. Our objective was to explore the relationships among WNS impact, influence of available hibernacula, and environmental factors for the nightly presence of 3 WNS-affected bats: the Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis), northern long-eared bat (M. septentrionalis), and big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus). We used recordings from 10 acoustic monitoring study areas, each with 3 survey locations across the states of Virginia, West Virginia, Ohio and Kentucky to assess changes in nightly bat presence during the summer of 2017. There were significant positive and negative correlates of broad land-cover categories for presence of all 3 bat species. Our findings also corroborated trends in abundance and distribution patterns found in prior, smaller-scale studies, supporting the relevance of land cover categories in a large-scale acoustic monitoring framework. We observed a negative association between WNS impact-years and nightly northern long-eared bat presence, but low occurrence and patchy distribution reduced our ability to infer strong relationships. Big brown bat presence showed a significant positive relationship with WNS occurrence on the landscape, providing evidence that big brown bats are maintaining populations after years of exposure. Indiana bats were the least-documented species, limiting the strength of our conclusions, but we did observe significant temporal patterns in nightly presence, with higher probabilities of presence earlier in the summer. Our results show the potential efficacy of using a WNS impact metric to predict summer bat presence, inform current U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service acoustic monitoring guidelines, and highlight which environmental variables are relevant for large-scale acoustic monitoring.
Identifying migration routes and fall stopover sites of Cinnamon Teal (Spatula cyanoptera septentrionalium) can provide a spatial guide to management and conservation efforts, and address vulnerabilities in wetland networks that support migratory waterbirds. Using high spatiotemporal resolution GPS-GSM transmitters, we analyzed 61 fall migration tracks across western North America during our three-year study (2017–2019). We marked Cinnamon Teal primarily during spring/summer in important breeding and molting regions across seven states (California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Utah, Colorado, and Nevada). We assessed fall migration routes and timing, detected 186 fall stopover sites, and identified specific North American ecoregions where sites were located. We classified underlying land cover for each stopover site and measured habitat selection for 12 land cover types within each ecoregion. Cinnamon Teal selected a variety of flooded habitats including natural, riparian, tidal, and managed wetlands; wet agriculture (including irrigation ditches, flooded fields, and stock ponds); wastewater sites; and golf and urban ponds. Wet agriculture was the most used habitat type (29.8% of stopover locations), and over 72% of stopover locations were on private land. Relatively scarce habitats such as wastewater ponds, tidal marsh, and golf and urban ponds were highly selected in specific ecoregions. In contrast, dry non-habitat across all ecoregions, and dry agriculture in the Cold Deserts and Mediterranean California ecoregions, was consistently avoided. Resources used by Cinnamon Teal often reflected wetland availability across the west and emphasize their adaptability to dynamic resource conditions in arid landscapes. Our results provide much needed information on spatial and temporal resource use by Cinnamon Teal during migration and indicate important wetland habitats for migrating waterfowl in the western United States.
The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), the most well-studied transient hyperthermal event in Earth history, is characterized by prominent and dynamic changes in global marine ecosystems. Understanding such biotic responses provides valuable insights into future scenarios in the face of anthropogenic warming. However, evidence of the PETM biotic responses is largely biased towards deep-sea records, whereas shallow-marine evidence remains scarce and elusive. Here we investigate a shallow-marine microfaunal record from Maryland, eastern United States, to comprehensively document the shallow-marine biotic response to the PETM. We applied birth-death modeling to estimate the local diversity dynamics, combined with evaluation of time-variable preservation artifacts. We discovered strong increase of species disappearance and appearance predating the onset and at the final recovery phase of the PETM, respectively. Our paleoecological analyses indicate that bathymetric habitat compression due to extreme warmth and oxygen minimum zone expansion caused shallow-marine benthic species extirpation and ecosystem perturbation during the PETM; and that rapid recovery and diversification followed the PETM disaster, thus contributing new understanding to the shallow-marine biotic changes in a broad context of global warming.
Surface effects of sea-level rise (SLR) in permafrost regions are obvious where increasingly iceless seas erode and inundate coastlines. SLR also drives saltwater intrusion, but subsurface impacts on permafrost-bound coastlines are unseen and unclear due to limited field data and the absence of models that include salinity-dependent groundwater flow with solute exclusion and freeze-thaw dynamics. Here, we develop a numerical model with the aforementioned processes to investigate climate change impacts on coastal permafrost. We find that SLR drives lateral permafrost thaw due to depressed freezing temperatures from saltwater intrusion, whereas warming drives top-down thaw. Under high SLR and low warming scenarios, thaw driven by SLR exceeds warming-driven thaw when normalized to the influenced surface area. Results highlight an overlooked feedback mechanism between SLR and permafrost thaw with potential implications for coastal infrastructure, ocean-aquifer interactions, and carbon mobilization.
Storm-driven nutrient loading from tributaries can fuel eutrophication in nearshore and open water areas of lentic ecosystems. However, nutrient processing in river-to-lake transitional zones can substantially alter the amount and composition of nutrients transported to lakes from upstream surface waters. We measured the removal of nutrients and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the water column in the Fox rivermouth (Green Bay, Lake Michigan) to evaluate the response of rivermouth plankton to episodic nutrient enrichment. Light and dark water column incubations (8–12 hr) were conducted on four occasions from April through September to measure changes in dissolved nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and DOC concentrations in three locations along the Fox rivermouth. Two incubation experiments were conducted on consecutive days, (a) under ambient nutrient concentrations, and (b) under experimentally enriched N and P concentrations. Spatial and temporal variation was observed in nutrient uptake rates, but light incubations consistently had higher nutrient uptake rates than dark incubations. Nutrient enrichment increased total dissolved P and total dissolved N uptake and DOC release in light incubations, but only increased total dissolved P uptake in dark incubations. Moreover, nutrient uptake ratios (N:P) decreased from ambient to nutrient enriched conditions and indicated preferential P uptake by phytoplankton communities in light conditions. Our study substantiates that rivermouths can process nutrients bound for downstream ecosystems and demonstrates the potential of plankton communities to dynamically increase net uptake rates in response to episodic nutrient enrichment.
The ShBOQ-1 geochemical reference material is relevant to studies of the organic geochemistry and mineralogy of petroleum source rocks containing high concentrations of carbonate minerals and organic sulfur-rich, oil-prone marine organic matter. ShBOQ-1 is geochemically and mineralogically similar to the lower part of the Upper Cretaceous Eagle Ford Shale.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20213048","usgsCitation":"Birdwell, J.E., and Wilson, S.A., 2021, Geochemical and mineralogical properties of Boquillas Shale geochemical reference material ShBOQ-1:U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2021–3048, 4 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20213048.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; Data Release","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-123902","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":389380,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3048/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":389381,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2021/3048/fs20213048.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.53 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2021-3048"},{"id":389382,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9D6D1KG","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Results from geochemical and mineralogical characterization of Boquillas Shale geochemical reference material ShBOQ-1"}],"contact":"Director, Central Energy Resources Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
Box 25046, MS-939
Denver, CO 80225-0046