A systematic field study of a black-billed magpie (Pica pica) population revealed that magpies and red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) were killed by famphur (=famophos, Warbex®) used as a pouron to control cattle warbles (Hypoderma sp.). Magpie mortality began on treatment day and continued for more than 3 months (38 found dead); mortality peaked between Day 5 and Day 13. Estimates of magpie density (based on transects) decreased in both the control and treatment areas, but the decrease was greater in the treatment area. A red-tailed hawk found dead on Day 10 had eaten a famphur-contaminated magpie. Another red-tailed hawk was found alive but immobilized, and a third died outside the study area. Brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity was 70-92% depressed in all dead birds examined; famphur residues were detected in all 17 magpies and the 2 hawks analyzed. The amount of famphur obtained by the dead magpies was estimated at 5.2-6.1 mg/kg (based on residue concentrations in the gizzard), which was above the acute oral LD50 for several bird species. The cow hair portion (12%) of the pooled gizzard contents from 13 other dead magpies produced extremely high famphur residues (4,600 ppm). The residues persisted on cattle hair for more than 90 days post-treatment. Magpie populations in the far western states declined between 1968 and 1979, which corresponds with widespread use of famphur, although other factors may be involved.
","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801689","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Blus, L.J., Kolbe, E.J., and Fitzner, R.E., 1985, Organophosphate insecticide (famphur) topically applied to cattle kills magpies and hawks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 49, no. 3, p. 648-658, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801689.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"648","endPage":"658","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196052,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","county":"Benton County","city":"Benton City","otherGeospatial":"Yakima River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.65965270996094,\n 46.074183321902574\n ],\n [\n -119.30397033691405,\n 46.074183321902574\n ],\n [\n -119.30397033691405,\n 46.36825275428178\n ],\n [\n -119.65965270996094,\n 46.36825275428178\n ],\n [\n -119.65965270996094,\n 46.074183321902574\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aafe4b07f02db66cd5c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blus, L. 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E.","contributorId":107242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzner","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335305,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5222025,"text":"5222025 - 1985 - Trends and effects of organochlorine residues on Oregon and Nevada wading birds, 1979-83","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T12:25:28.878031","indexId":"5222025","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trends and effects of organochlorine residues on Oregon and Nevada wading birds, 1979-83","docAbstract":"The incidence of DDT (parent compound) declined significantly in the eggs of Black-crowned Night-Herons (Nycticorax nycticorax), White-faced Ibis (Plegadis chihi), and Black-necked Stilts (Himantopus mexicanus), and showed a downward trend in Snowy Egrets (Egretta thula). Mean DDE residues (breakdown product of DDT) in eggs declined significantly in Black-crowned Night-Herons and showed a downward trend in Black-necked Stilts and Snowy Egrets; however, no trend was apparent for White-faced Ibis. Some night-herons, egrets, and ibis laid thin-shelled eggs that cracked; eggshell thickness was negatively correlated with DDE residues in the egg contents. Ibis were the most sensitive species to DDE- induced shell thinning. Generally, reduced reproductive success for ibis started at lower DDE egg residues (3 ppm) than for either Snowy Egrets (5 ppm) or night-herons (8 ppm). Egg residue profiles, band recoveries, biotelemetry studies, and residues in fish and other prey items implicate the southwestern United States (a wintering area) as an important source of DDT-DDE that caused the most serious reproductive problem encountered during the study (in night-herons nesting at Ruby Lake, Nevada). Available evidence indicates that the three other species, together with night- herons from Oregon and Idaho, winter in Latin America.","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521061","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Blus, L.J., and Hulse, C., 1985, Trends and effects of organochlorine residues on Oregon and Nevada wading birds, 1979-83: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 8, no. 2, p. 117-128, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521061.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"117","endPage":"128","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196051,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Nevada, 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\"}}]}","volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e5e4b07f02db5e7050","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hulse, C.S.","contributorId":26035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hulse","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222021,"text":"5222021 - 1985 - Biochemical and hematological effects of lead ingestion in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-06T15:55:10","indexId":"5222021","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1294,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Comparative Pharmacology","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Biochemical and hematological effects of lead ingestion in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)","docAbstract":"1. One-day old American kestrel (Faico sparverius) nestlings were orally dosed daily with 5 μl/g of corn oil (controls), 25, 125 or 625 mg/kg of metallic lead in corn oil for 10 days.
2. Forty per cent of the nestlings receiving 625 mg/kg of lead died after 6 days and growth rates were significantly depressed in the two highest lead dosed groups. At 10 days hematocrit values were significantly lower in the two highest lead treated groups, and hemoglobin content and red blood cell (δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity was depressed in all lead treated groups. Plasma creatine phosphokinase decreased in the two highest treatment groups.
3. Brain, liver and kidney ALAD activities, brain RNA to protein ratio and liver protein concentration decreased after lead exposure whereas liver DNA, DNA to RNA ratio and DNA to protein ratio increased. Brain monoamine oxidase and ATPase were not significantly altered.
4. Measurements of the ontogeny of hematological variants and enzymes in normal development, using additional untreated nestlings, revealed decreases in red blood cell ALAD, plasma aspartate amino transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, brain DNA and RNA and liver DNA, whereas hematocrit, hemoglobin, plasma alkaline phosphatase, brain monoamine oxidase, brain ALAD and liver ALAD increased during the first 10 days of posthatching development.
5. Biochemical and hematological alterations were more severe than those reported in adult kestrels or precocial young birds exposed to lead. Alterations may be due in part to delayed development.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0742-8413(85)90080-5","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., Franson, J.C., Pattee, O.H., Bunck, C., and Murray, H.C., 1985, Biochemical and hematological effects of lead ingestion in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius): Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, v. 80, no. 2, p. 431-439, https://doi.org/10.1016/0742-8413(85)90080-5.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"431","endPage":"439","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"80","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db60746a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335284,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pattee, O. H.","contributorId":46459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pattee","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335286,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bunck, C.M.","contributorId":72337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335287,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murray, H. C.","contributorId":30702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Murray","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335285,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5222022,"text":"5222022 - 1985 - Survival, growth, and accumulation of ingested lead in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-24T13:19:37","indexId":"5222022","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival, growth, and accumulation of ingested lead in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)","docAbstract":"One-day old American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) nestlings were dosed orally daily with 5 ?l/g of corn oil (controls), 25 mg/kg, 125 mg/kg, or 625 mg/kg of metallic lead in corn oil through day 10. Forty percent of the nestlings given 625 mg/kg died after six days. Growth rates became significantly different from controls in the 625 mg/kg group by day 3 and in the 125 mg/kg group by day 4. Crown-rump lengths and brain weights were significantly lower in both treatment groups. Liver and kidney weights were lower in the 625 mg/kg groups. Skeletal examination and measurement of alizarin red-S stained nestlings revealed reduced growth for the humerus, radius-ulna, femur, and tibiotarsus in the 125 mg/kg and 625 mg/kg groups. Skeletons were otherwise normal in appearance. Greater than 2 ppm (wet weight) lead in the liver or 6 ppm in the kidney was associated with suppressed growth, while more than 5 ppm in the liver and 15 ppm in the kidney occurred in survivors in the 625 mg/kg group. The order of accumulation of lead in tissues at the end of 10 days was kidney> liver> brain. These findings suggest that altricial nestlings may be considerably more sensitive to lead exposure than adults and also more sensitive than hatchlings of many precocial species.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01055766","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., Franson, J.C., Pattee, O.H., Bunck, C., and Anderson, A., 1985, Survival, growth, and accumulation of ingested lead in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius): Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 14, no. 1, p. 89-94, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01055766.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"94","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196780,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6880ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pattee, O. H.","contributorId":46459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pattee","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bunck, C.M.","contributorId":72337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Anderson, A.","contributorId":43727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5222024,"text":"5222024 - 1985 - Breeding chronology, molt, and measurements of accipiter hawks in northeastern Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:11","indexId":"5222024","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Breeding chronology, molt, and measurements of accipiter hawks in northeastern Oregon","docAbstract":"Most northern goshawks completed laying eggs in April, while most Cooper's hawks completed their clutches in May with essentially no overlap. The sharp-shinned hawks laid in late May and June. Juvenile females represented 4% of the northern goshawk breeding population; 22% of the Cooper's hawk breeding population (highest reported for the species) and 60% of the sharp-shinned hawk breeding population, northern goshawks and Cooper's hawks in juvenal plumage generally nested later in the season, but not sharp-shinned hawks. Females of each species began molting first. Primaries were molted from the innermost outward in all species, but rectrix molt sequence was variable. Usually R1 was molted first. Primary molt of the 2 wings was usually synchronous; however, the rectrix molt was not as orderly. Arrested molt was observed in some individuals of all species; it probably has an energy-saving function. Wing chords of adult northern goshawks from Oregon were not different from Wisconsin fall migrants or birds from Alaska; however, rectrices were significantly shorter in Oregon than Wisconsin. Cooper's hawks nesting in Oregon were much smaller than those trapped in Wisconsin. Wing chords and rectrices were significantly shorter for both sexes, and, although weights were not directly comparable, Oregon Cooper's hawks also weighed much less. The limited number of sharp-shinned hawks measured precluded statistical analyses.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Henny, C.J., Olson, R., and Fleming, T., 1985, Breeding chronology, molt, and measurements of accipiter hawks in northeastern Oregon: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 56, no. 2, p. 97-112.","productDescription":"97-112","startPage":"97","endPage":"112","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18559,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/JFO/v056n02/p0097-p0112.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":196428,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e499fe4b07f02db5bd32b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Olson, R.A.","contributorId":82417,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fleming, T.L.","contributorId":107008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222020,"text":"5222020 - 1985 - Survival, growth, and histopathological effects of paraquat ingestion in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-24T13:10:42","indexId":"5222020","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":887,"text":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival, growth, and histopathological effects of paraquat ingestion in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)","docAbstract":"The use of paraquat as a herbicide is becoming more extensive with the increasing popularity of no tillage agriculture, increasing the possibility of exposure for wildlife species. American kestrel (Falco sparverius) nestlings were orally dosed daily with 5 ?l/g of distilled water (controls), 10 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg, or 60 mg/kg of paraquat dichloride (1, 1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium) in distilled water from day 1 through day 10. Forty-four percent of the nestlings given 60 mg/kg died after 4 days. Significant differences in growth rates occurred between controls and all paraquat-dosed groups. Reduced skeletal growth occurred in the humerus and femur in the 25 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg groups, and in the radius-ulna and tibiotarsus in the 60 mg/kg group. Skeletons were otherwise normal in appearance. Histopathological examination revealed localized focal necrosis in the liver of one nestling in the 60 mg/kg group and tubular cell degeneration and focal tubular dilation in the kidneys of another. The brain and lungs were unremarkable histologically. These findings suggest that altricial nestling kestrels are more sensitive to paraquat exposure than young or adult birds of precocial species.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF01055536","usgsCitation":"Hoffman, D.J., Franson, J.C., Pattee, O.H., and Bunck, C., 1985, Survival, growth, and histopathological effects of paraquat ingestion in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius): Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, v. 14, no. 4, p. 495-500, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01055536.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"495","endPage":"500","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197804,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"14","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6880c4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pattee, O. H.","contributorId":46459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pattee","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bunck, C.M.","contributorId":72337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5222034,"text":"5222034 - 1985 - Pesticide and PCB residues in the Neuse River waterdog, Necturus lewisi","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:04","indexId":"5222034","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:35","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1078,"text":"Brimleyana","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticide and PCB residues in the Neuse River waterdog, Necturus lewisi","docAbstract":"Residues of 6 organochlorine contaminants were found in N. lewisi from 6 sites in the Tar and Neuse river systems. Concentrations of pesticides were low and apparently related to geographic patterns of use. Levels of PCB were higher and did not seem to vary geographically.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Brimleyana","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hall, R., Prouty, R.M., and Ashton, R., 1985, Pesticide and PCB residues in the Neuse River waterdog, Necturus lewisi: Brimleyana, v. 10, p. 107-109.","productDescription":"107-109","startPage":"107","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198139,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db6883b6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, R.J.","contributorId":32885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hall","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prouty, R. M.","contributorId":31349,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prouty","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ashton, R.E.","contributorId":15309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ashton","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335324,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222042,"text":"5222042 - 1985 - Areas of localized organochlorine contamination in Arizona and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:50","indexId":"5222042","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Areas of localized organochlorine contamination in Arizona and New Mexico","docAbstract":"Wings from mallard ducks harvested in 1980 in Arizona, Arkansas, Louisiana, and New Mexico were pooled into county aggregates and analyzed for organochlorine pesticides and PCB's. Organochlorine concentrations in duck wings were compared among counties comprising major river drainages within each state. DDE concentrations in the wings of mallards collected from the Verde River and the lower portion of the Gila River drainages in Arizona ranged up to 6 ppm (wet weight basis), which was 17 times higher than the 1979 Pacific Flyway average. DDE at these high levels may be hazardous to wildlife. In combination with other published data, our findings indicate a serious DDT problem in portions of the Verde River and Gila River drainages. High levels of heptachlor (up to 1.7 ppm) and PCB's (3.7 ppm, 61 times the 1979 Central Flyway average) were found in mallard wings from the upper Rio Grande and Pecos River drainages, respectively. We did not detect areas of heavy local organochlorine pesticide or PCB contamination in Arkansas and Louisiana.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Fleming, W.J., and Cain, B.W., 1985, Areas of localized organochlorine contamination in Arizona and New Mexico: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 30, no. 2, p. 269-277.","productDescription":"269-277","startPage":"269","endPage":"277","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197515,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18545,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3670740","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4abce4b07f02db67308a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, W. James","contributorId":85279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cain, B. W.","contributorId":89989,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222040,"text":"5222040 - 1985 - Lethal and behavioral effects of chlordimeform in bobwhite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:06","indexId":"5222040","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3610,"text":"Toxicology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lethal and behavioral effects of chlordimeform in bobwhite","docAbstract":"The 7-day LC50 of chlordimeform to bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) chicks was 2835 ppm (95% CI = 2169-3705 ppm). Bobwhite chicks fed 1000 ppm (~ LC4) chlordimeform for 7 days ate less, weighed less, travelled farther from a fright stimulus in an avoidance test, and had significantly more groups make >10 light beam interruptions in an open-field test at 8 days of age than bobwhite fed 0, 1, 10, or 100 ppm chlordimeform (P< 0.05). Groups fed 100 ppm (P <0.05) and 1000 ppm (P = 0.11) for 7 days crossed more often from the shallow to deep side of a visual cliff at 8 days of age than birds fed lesser concentrations of chlordimeform. Bobwhites were retested at 15 days of age, after being fed untreated diets for 7 days following the chlordimeform diets. The 1000 ppm group still travelled greater distances in the avoidance test (P < 0.05). But open-field and visual cliff performances were similar to controls and other treatment groups. Chlordimeform concentrations causing behavioral abberations in bobwhite were appreciably higher than environmental concentrations following field applications of chlordimeform.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Toxicology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/0300-483X(85)90005-8","usgsCitation":"Fleming, W.J., Heinz, G.H., and Schuler, C., 1985, Lethal and behavioral effects of chlordimeform in bobwhite: Toxicology, v. 36, no. 1, p. 37-47, https://doi.org/10.1016/0300-483X(85)90005-8.","productDescription":"37-47","startPage":"37","endPage":"47","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197951,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18547,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0300-483X(85)90005-8","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"volume":"36","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a84a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, W. James","contributorId":85279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schuler, C.A.","contributorId":42627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuler","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222041,"text":"5222041 - 1985 - Toxicity of abate® 4E (temephos) in mallard ducklings and the influence of cold","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-24T13:18:27","indexId":"5222041","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of abate® 4E (temephos) in mallard ducklings and the influence of cold","docAbstract":"Diets mixed to contain 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10 and 100 ppm temephos (determined chemically to contain less than 0.5, less than 0.5, 0.89, 6.0 and 59 ppm temephos, respectively) in an Abate® 4E formulation, were fed to mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) ducklings for 7 d. During this period, half of the ducklings in each dietary treatment group were housed in a heated brooder (39 to 41 °C) and half were housed in an unheated brooder (10 to 18°C). Mortality in all dietary groups in the unheated brooder was higher than in the heated brooder. High temephos-related mortality occurred in the 100 ppm group in the unheated brooder but not in any other diet-temperature groups. Ingestion of the 100 ppm temephos diet inhibited plasma Cholinesterase (ChE) activity and elevated plasma corticosterone concentration and creatine phosphokinase activity, but other selected plasma chemistries were not affected in a dose-related manner. Brain ChE activity was depressed only in the 100 ppm dietary groups; maximum inhibition of brain ChE activity was 48%. These findings suggest that diets containing up to 10 ppm temephos do not directly affect duckling survival during the first week of life and that the toxicity of 100 ppm temephos is markedly enhanced by cold.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/etc.5620040209","usgsCitation":"Fleming, W.J., Heinz, G.H., Franson, J.C., and Rattner, B., 1985, Toxicity of abate® 4E (temephos) in mallard ducklings and the influence of cold: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 4, no. 2, p. 193-199, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620040209.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"199","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198320,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1985-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f7e4b07f02db5f2305","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, W. James","contributorId":85279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Heinz, G. H.","contributorId":85905,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heinz","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5220769,"text":"5220769 - 1985 - Can relocated wolves survive?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-31T16:46:48","indexId":"5220769","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Can relocated wolves survive?","docAbstract":"Considerable interest has been expressed recently in establishing gray wolves (Canis lupus) into parts of their former range (Bailey 1978, Weaver 1978, Klinghammer 1979, Mech 1979, Henshaw 1982). However, the proper procedure for reintroductions is debatable (Klinghammer 1979). To date, wolf relocations have been conducted in Alaska, where 5 2-year-old captive-reared wolves were released into an area occupied by wolves, (Henshaw and Stephenson 1974, Henshaw et al. 1979) and in Michigan, where a pack 4 wolves was released in a relatively wolf-free area (Weise et al. 1975).
Wolf reintroductions are expensive, controversial, and attract considerable public attention. The potential for success of an effort will greatly influence the willingness of agencies to attempt reintroductions.
The 9 wolves released in Alaska and Michigan had a high rate of mortality, with humans being the major cause. The present study assessed the survival and behavior of relocated wolves. We hypothesized that relocated wolves, especially pups, would have poorer survival when moved outside a familiar territory.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","usgsCitation":"Fritts, S.H., Paul, W., and Mech, L.D., 1985, Can relocated wolves survive?: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 13, no. 4, p. 459-463.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"459","endPage":"463","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198747,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":350865,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3782671"}],"country":"United 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David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":332440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222039,"text":"5222039 - 1985 - Famphur toxicosis in a bald eagle","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-12T16:31:47.424529","indexId":"5222039","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Famphur toxicosis in a bald eagle","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Disease Association","doi":"10.7589/0090-3558-21.3.318","usgsCitation":"Franson, J.C., Kolbe, E.J., and Carpenter, J.W., 1985, Famphur toxicosis in a bald eagle: Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 21, no. 3, p. 318-320, https://doi.org/10.7589/0090-3558-21.3.318.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"318","endPage":"320","numberOfPages":"3","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197514,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware","city":"Lewes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.29273986816405,\n 38.852542390364235\n ],\n [\n -75.21411895751953,\n 38.844253528477786\n ],\n [\n -75.16433715820312,\n 38.803597391150085\n ],\n [\n -75.12451171875,\n 38.79503524642181\n ],\n [\n -75.1083755493164,\n 38.799584013897054\n ],\n [\n -75.09876251220703,\n 38.81189098781871\n ],\n [\n -75.08502960205078,\n 38.80841314547301\n ],\n [\n -75.07678985595703,\n 38.79503524642181\n ],\n [\n -75.07164001464844,\n 38.77389304718155\n ],\n [\n -75.07129669189453,\n 38.73346456728629\n ],\n [\n -75.0692367553711,\n 38.721679775156396\n ],\n [\n -75.08743286132812,\n 38.728108084565\n ],\n [\n -75.1190185546875,\n 38.73507143378337\n ],\n [\n -75.1530075073242,\n 38.75167360416169\n ],\n [\n -75.26355743408203,\n 38.82901019751963\n ],\n [\n -75.29273986816405,\n 38.852542390364235\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"21","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f76f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Franson, J. Christian 0000-0002-0251-4238 jfranson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":140358,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"jfranson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Christian","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":335339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kolbe, E. J.","contributorId":71512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kolbe","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carpenter, J. W.","contributorId":81854,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carpenter","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5220005,"text":"5220005 - 1985 - Pesticides and the decline of Guam's native birds","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-03T23:16:53.038899","indexId":"5220005","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:34","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pesticides and the decline of Guam's native birds","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/316301a0","usgsCitation":"Grue, C., 1985, Pesticides and the decline of Guam's native birds: Nature, v. 316, no. 6026, p. 301-301, https://doi.org/10.1038/316301a0.","productDescription":"1 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"301","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":490615,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/316301a0","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":193555,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Guam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 144.59670646126023,\n 13.738504666594906\n ],\n [\n 144.59670646126023,\n 13.227581401593682\n ],\n [\n 145.00115559286093,\n 13.227581401593682\n ],\n [\n 145.00115559286093,\n 13.738504666594906\n ],\n [\n 144.59670646126023,\n 13.738504666594906\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"316","issue":"6026","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688317","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Grue, C.E.","contributorId":86446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grue","given":"C.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":331167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5223723,"text":"5223723 - 1985 - Sperm whales (Physeter catodon) in the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:42","indexId":"5223723","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3451,"text":"Southwestern Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sperm whales (Physeter catodon) in the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"The distribution of the sperm whale, Physeter catodon, was documented in the Gulf of Mexico during 1979 to 1981 using regular aerial surveys and opportunistic sightings from ships. Most sightings were in the western Gulf of Mexico in deep waters near the edge of the continental shelf. A total of 47 adults and 12 young animals was sighted in groups containing from one to 14 animals.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Southwestern Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Collum, L., and Fritts, T.H., 1985, Sperm whales (Physeter catodon) in the Gulf of Mexico: Southwestern Naturalist, v. 30, no. 1, p. 101-104.","productDescription":"101-104","startPage":"101","endPage":"104","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18489,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3670663","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":199958,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ae4b07f02db5fb65f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collum, L.A.","contributorId":19663,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collum","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fritts, T. H.","contributorId":40147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"T.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222044,"text":"5222044 - 1985 - Habitat comparisons and productivity in nesting common terns on the mid-Atlantic coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T12:32:38.810099","indexId":"5222044","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat comparisons and productivity in nesting common terns on the mid-Atlantic coast","docAbstract":"Nesting Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) were studied at a number of barrier beaches and small islands of tidal salt marsh in New Jersey and the Eastern Shore of Maryland-Virginina from 1980 through 1982. Data were collected on clutch sizes, nest spacing, and nesting success. The principal null hypothesis tested was that no difference in reproductive success exists between beach and marsh habitats. Nests were monitored from egg-laying in mid-May until mid-July when young fledged. Clutch sizes varied among colonies and across years but no systematic effect of year, habitat, or colony size on mean clutch size per colony was detected. Analyses of nest productivity (estimated using both the Mayfield method and using a colony average) failed to reveal significant effects of habitat or colony size but showed a stronger year effect. Storm tide flooding and egg chick disappearance (presumably predation by Herring Gulls Larus argentatus and Laughing Gulls L. atricilla nesting nearby) accounted for most nest failures. Losses due to both these mortality factors were unpredictable from year to year. Nest spacing in salt marsh colonies was much closer than it was on barrier beaches. In mixed-species colonies with Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger), distances between tern and skimmer nests were also much smaller in marsh colonies than they were on beaches. The limited amount of wrack (windrows of dead, matted vegetation) preferred by marsh-nesting terns probably explains these spacing differences. Several lines of evidence suggest that terns prefer beaches to marshes for nesting, however, the uncertainty of predation and flooding may often obscure any intrinsic differences in habitat quality. Long-term field studies are essential for testing hypotheses related to differential fitness of individuals among habitats.","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521066","usgsCitation":"Erwin, R., and Smith, D.C., 1985, Habitat comparisons and productivity in nesting common terns on the mid-Atlantic coast: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 8, no. 2, p. 155-165, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521066.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"155","endPage":"165","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198321,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db649681","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Erwin, R.M.","contributorId":57396,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erwin","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, D. C. davidsmith@usgs.gov","contributorId":31057,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"D.","email":"davidsmith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335351,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222052,"text":"5222052 - 1985 - Effects on wildlife of ethyl and methyl parathion applied to California rice fields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-04T18:00:40.65905","indexId":"5222052","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects on wildlife of ethyl and methyl parathion applied to California rice fields","docAbstract":"Selected rice fields on the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex were aerially sprayed one time during May or June 1982 with either ethyl (0.11 kg Al/ha) or methyl (0.84 kg AI/ha) parathion for control of tadpole shrimp, Triops longicaudatus. No sick or dead vertebrate wildlife were found or adjacent to the treated rice fields after spraying. Specimens of the following birds and mammals were assayed for brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity to determine exposure to either form of parathion; house mouse, Mus musculus; black-tailed jackrabbit, Lepus californicus; mallard, Anas platyrhynchos; ring-necked pheasant, Phasianus colchicus; American coot, Fulica americana; and red-winged blackbird, Agelaius phoeniceus. Both mice and pheasants from methyl parathion-treated fields had overall mean ChE activities that were significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited compared with controls, and 7, 40, 54 and 57% of individual blackbirds, pheasant, mice, and coots, respectively, had inhibited brain ChE activities (i.e., less than -2 SD of control mean). Although no overall species effect was detected for ethyl parathoid treatment, pheasants (43%), coots (33%), and mice (37%) had significantly inhibited brain ChE activities. Neither of the parathion treatment appeared acutely hazardous to wildlife in or adjacent to rice fields, but sufficient information on potential hazards was obtained to warrant caution in use of these chemicals, especially methyl parathion, in rice fields.
","language":"English","publisher":"California Department of Fish and Wildlife","usgsCitation":"Custer, T.W., Hill, E.F., and Ohlendorf, H.M., 1985, Effects on wildlife of ethyl and methyl parathion applied to California rice fields: California Fish and Game, v. 71, no. 4, p. 220-224.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"220","endPage":"224","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":390186,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://wildlife.ca.gov/publications/journal"},{"id":198994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.23869323730467,\n 39.27372656321117\n ],\n [\n -121.99356079101562,\n 39.27372656321117\n ],\n [\n -121.99356079101562,\n 39.48814483559126\n ],\n [\n -122.23869323730467,\n 39.48814483559126\n ],\n [\n -122.23869323730467,\n 39.27372656321117\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"71","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60f7bf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, Thomas W. 0000-0003-3170-6519 tcuster@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":2835,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"Thomas","email":"tcuster@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Elwood F.","contributorId":27115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Elwood","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ohlendorf, Harry M.","contributorId":60291,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlendorf","given":"Harry","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222063,"text":"5222063 - 1985 - Reproduction, mortality, and heavy metal concentrations in great blue herons from three colonies in Washington and Idaho","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T12:27:44.149773","indexId":"5222063","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reproduction, mortality, and heavy metal concentrations in great blue herons from three colonies in Washington and Idaho","docAbstract":"We collected eggs in nests, hatchlings and eggs with advanced embryos on the ground, and prefledgling young of Great Blue Herons (Ardea herodias) at three nesting colonies in Washington and Idaho. Intact fish were also collected on the ground at the Idaho colony. The Ft. Lewis colony near Puget Sound in Washington and the Lake Chatcolet colony in northern Idaho were located near areas extensively polluted with heavy metals from minning or smelting activities. The Hanford Reservation colony near Richland, Washington was located some distance from point sources of heavy metal pollution. Heavy metals in heron samples were generally low and were all below concentrations known to induce mortality or adversely affect reproductive success. The elevated copper in one of three prefledglings from Ft. Lewis paralleled that found in an occasional nestling of several species of birds in other studies; the significance of this relationship is unclear. Breeding herons apparently fed near their colonies in areas removed from the sites of heaviest contamination, but birds in the Lake Chatcolet colony were preying on fish containing as much as 6 mu-g/g lead.","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521060","usgsCitation":"Blus, L.J., Henny, C.J., Anderson, A., and Fitzner, R.E., 1985, Reproduction, mortality, and heavy metal concentrations in great blue herons from three colonies in Washington and Idaho: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 8, no. 2, p. 110-116, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521060.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"116","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196365,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Washington","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -126.20078209206712,\n 49.647928540946936\n ],\n [\n -126.20078209206712,\n 45.129588362574765\n ],\n [\n -113.89609459206717,\n 45.129588362574765\n ],\n [\n -113.89609459206717,\n 49.647928540946936\n ],\n [\n -126.20078209206712,\n 49.647928540946936\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a55e4b07f02db62c93a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, A.","contributorId":43727,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fitzner, R. E.","contributorId":107242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fitzner","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5222053,"text":"5222053 - 1985 - Organochlorine concentrations in prefledging common terns at three Rhode Island colonies","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-20T12:28:53.3086","indexId":"5222053","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine concentrations in prefledging common terns at three Rhode Island colonies","docAbstract":"Concentrations of DDE, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDPEs) in carcasses of prefledging Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) at three Rhode Island colonies support the hypothesis that local contamination is responsible for among-colony differences observed in eggs in an earlier study. The highest concentrations of DDE and PCBs (mean = 0.24 and 2.8 ppm wet weight) were found in prefledging terns from Providence, a highly industrializedd area, and the lowest (DDE range = nd-011I, PCBs mean = 0.85) in terns from Price Neck, an undeveloped area 40 km to the south. PCDPEs were detected in 3 of 14 tern carcases from Providence and were not detected in carcasses from 2 other colonies. The occurrence and concentrations of DDE and PCBs in killifish (Fundulus spp.), a major dietary item of Common Terns, qualitatively demonstrated the same trend among locations","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521065","usgsCitation":"Custer, T., Bunck, C., and Stafford, C.J., 1985, Organochlorine concentrations in prefledging common terns at three Rhode Island colonies: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 8, no. 2, p. 150-154, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521065.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"150","endPage":"154","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198112,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db6964f7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, T. W. 0000-0003-3170-6519","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":91802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"T. W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bunck, C.M.","contributorId":72337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"C.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stafford, C. J.","contributorId":65429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222072,"text":"5222072 - 1985 - Metal contamination in wildlife living near two zinc smelters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-02T10:59:43.443881","indexId":"5222072","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1556,"text":"Environmental Pollution (Series A)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Metal contamination in wildlife living near two zinc smelters","docAbstract":"Wildlife in an oak forest on Blue Mountain was studied 10 km upwind (Bake Oven Knob site) and 2 km downwind (Palmerton site) of two zinc smelters in eastern Pennsylvania, USA. Previous studies at sites near these smelters had shown changes in populations of soil microflora, lichens, green plants and litter-inhabiting arthropods. The 02 soil litter horizon at Palmerton was heavily contaminated with Pb (2700 mg kg−1), Zn (24 000 mg kg−1), and Cd (710 mg kg−1), and to a lesser extent with Cu (440 mg kg−1). Various kinds of invertebrates (earthworms, slugs and millipedes) that feed on soil litter or soil organic matter were rare at, or absent from, the Palmerton site. Those collected at Bake Oven Knob tended to have much higher concentrations of metals than did other invertebrates. Frogs, toads and salamanders were very rare at, or absent from, the Palmerton site, but were present at Bake Oven Knob and at other sites on Blue Mountain farther from the smelters. Metal concentrations (dry wt) in different organisms from Palmerton were compared. Concentrations of Pb were highest in shrews (110 mg kg−1), followed by songbirds (56 mg kg−1), leaves (21 mg kg−1), mice (17 mg kg−1), carrion insects (14 mg kg−1), berries (4·0 mg kg−1), moths (4·3 mg kg−1) and fungi (3·7 mg kg−1). Concentrations of Cd, in contrast, were highest in carrion insects (25 mg kg−1), followed by fungi (9·8 mg kg−1), leaves (8·1 mg kg−1), shrews (7·3 mg kg−1), moths (4·9 mg kg−1), mice (2·6 mg kg−1), songbirds (2·5 mg kg−1) and berries (1·2 mg kg−1).
Concentrations of Zn and Cu tended to be highest in the same organisms that had the highest concentrations of Cd. Only a small proportion of the metals in the soil became incorporated into plant foliage, and much of the metal contamination detected in the biota probably came from aerial deposition. The mice from both sites seemed to be healthy. Shrews had higher concentrations of metals than did mice, and one shrew showed evidence of Pb poisoning; its red blood cell ALAD activity was greatly reduced, one kidney contained acid-fast intranuclear inclusion bodies, and the other kidney had 280 mg kg−1 Pb (wet wt). The livers from two cuckoos from Palmerton had elevated Pb concentrations (18 and 25 mg kg−1, wet wt). Most of the songbirds seemed to be healthy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0143-1471(85)90094-7","usgsCitation":"Beyer, W., Pattee, O.H., Sileo, L., Hoffman, D.J., and Mulhern, B., 1985, Metal contamination in wildlife living near two zinc smelters: Environmental Pollution (Series A), v. 38, no. 1, p. 63-86, https://doi.org/10.1016/0143-1471(85)90094-7.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"63","endPage":"86","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198096,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","otherGeospatial":"Bake Oven Knob, Blue Mountain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.78720868224616,\n 40.700636729321474\n ],\n [\n -75.77438869190075,\n 40.70682137615654\n ],\n [\n -75.75574143321599,\n 40.716318108447666\n ],\n [\n -75.73534599402986,\n 40.724267819364314\n ],\n [\n -75.72485691101944,\n 40.73486595700689\n ],\n [\n -75.69892556691127,\n 40.737956762527716\n ],\n [\n -75.67969558139289,\n 40.7470075812013\n ],\n [\n -75.66833240813207,\n 40.75649858000574\n ],\n [\n -75.64560606161044,\n 40.76687091272373\n ],\n [\n -75.61384744916288,\n 40.775697154940076\n ],\n [\n -75.60481518323756,\n 40.783639770481955\n ],\n [\n -75.60831154424089,\n 40.796875352513666\n ],\n [\n -75.62754152975982,\n 40.79797819859462\n ],\n [\n -75.65492969095253,\n 40.790919667081596\n ],\n [\n -75.66745831788111,\n 40.792243198903265\n ],\n [\n -75.70766646941978,\n 40.78275730454371\n ],\n [\n -75.73534599402986,\n 40.76709158306798\n ],\n [\n -75.76448233572451,\n 40.75053927390272\n ],\n [\n -75.78487777491063,\n 40.746566106425604\n ],\n [\n -75.81255729952069,\n 40.73265815086202\n ],\n [\n -75.82333774594738,\n 40.71653894657126\n ],\n [\n -75.82683410695122,\n 40.70947176328093\n ],\n [\n -75.81826068013379,\n 40.69375877677078\n ],\n [\n -75.78720868224616,\n 40.700636729321474\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625903","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, W. N. 0000-0002-8911-9141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":55379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pattee, O. H.","contributorId":46459,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pattee","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335436,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sileo, L.","contributorId":46895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sileo","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335437,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hoffman, D. J.","contributorId":12801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mulhern, B.M.","contributorId":98683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mulhern","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":5222061,"text":"5222061 - 1985 - The effects of heptachlor and lindane on birds, Columbia Basin, Oregon and Washington, 1976-1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-19T15:46:52.740386","indexId":"5222061","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of heptachlor and lindane on birds, Columbia Basin, Oregon and Washington, 1976-1981","docAbstract":"The effects of heptachlor seed treatments on birds in the vicinity of the Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge, Oregon and Washington, were investigated from 1978 to 1981. An egg was collected from each of 60 nests representing six species. Heptachlor epoxide (HE) residues were detected in 35 eggs and were particularly high (8–13 μg g−1) in a few eggs of the black-billed magpie, mallard, and ring-necked pheasant. These residues were within the range that induced reproductive problems in other species in the area. Diagnostically lethal residue levels (⩾ 9 μg g−1) of HE were detected in the brains of nine birds (four species). Most of the avifauna in the area contained residues of HE and related compounds. Lindane, the replacement chemical for heptachlor, did not produce adverse effects in birds, and residues were not detected in either their eggs or brains.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0048-9697(85)90284-0","usgsCitation":"Blus, L.J., Henny, C.J., and Krynitsky, A.J., 1985, The effects of heptachlor and lindane on birds, Columbia Basin, Oregon and Washington, 1976-1981: Science of the Total Environment, v. 46, p. 73-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/0048-9697(85)90284-0.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"73","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196363,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa036","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henny, Charles J.","contributorId":12578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henny","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krynitsky, A. J.","contributorId":73954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krynitsky","given":"A.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5223147,"text":"5223147 - 1985 - Atlantic Flyway review: Region V: Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Prince Georges County, MD (390-0764)","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":5223147,"text":"5223147 - 1985 - Atlantic Flyway review: Region V: Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Prince Georges County, MD (390-0764)","indexId":"5223147","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Atlantic Flyway review: Region V: Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Prince Georges County, MD (390-0764)"},"predicate":"IS_PART_OF","object":{"id":5221999,"text":"5221999 - 1985 - Atlantic Flyway review: Region V","indexId":"5221999","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Atlantic Flyway review: Region V"},"id":1}],"isPartOf":{"id":5221999,"text":"5221999 - 1985 - Atlantic Flyway review: Region V","indexId":"5221999","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Atlantic Flyway review: Region V"},"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-09T17:30:24","indexId":"5223147","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:32","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2881,"text":"North American Bird Bander","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Atlantic Flyway review: Region V: Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Prince Georges County, MD (390-0764)","docAbstract":"This was my 4th year of banding in a powerline right-of-way that is specially managed to encourage growth of dense scrub. Nets were run for 2 to 3 hours each morning, because activity dropped off rapidly after the sun hit the nets. I banded on 79 days, from 1 August to 22 November. Frost continues to be a problem late in the season; the frostpocket effect of the stream valley and the lack of vegetative cover over the nets result in frozen nets on more mornings than would be expected. Warblers continued to dominate, with as many as 16 species in one day and a season total of 33 plus a Brewster's hybrid. Net-hours declined from 8506 to 7672 because I discontinued six of my least productive nets; this change accounted for much of the increase in birds per 100 net-hours (Table 1). Overall effort was comparable to that of 1982.
","language":"English","publisher":"Western, Inland, and Eastern Bird Banding Associations","usgsCitation":"Bystrak, D., 1985, Atlantic Flyway review: Region V: Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Prince Georges County, MD (390-0764): North American Bird Bander, v. 10, no. 2, p. 56-57.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"56","endPage":"57","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199931,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":18487,"rank":300,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.westernbirdbanding.org/nabb.html","text":"Journal's Website"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","county":"Prince George's County","city":"Laurel","otherGeospatial":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","volume":"10","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db688a36","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bystrak, Danny dbystrak@usgs.gov","contributorId":4840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bystrak","given":"Danny","email":"dbystrak@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":337980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5223070,"text":"5223070 - 1985 - Growth and blood chemistry of ducklings reared on acidified wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-13T21:45:12.502001","indexId":"5223070","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:29","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":749,"text":"American Zoologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth and blood chemistry of ducklings reared on acidified wetlands","docAbstract":"Acid deposition is one factor that may be responsible for the decline of some waterfowl populations. Growth and physiological condition were monitored in captive-reared black ducks (Anas rubripes) exposed for 10-day trials (day 11-20 of life) on control (pH 6.8) and acidified (pH 5.0) man-made emergent wetlands. Impaired growth (body weight, culmen and tarsus length) and increased mortality (50%) were apparent in broods (hen + 4 ducklings) reared on acidified wetIands. Ducklings exbibiting poor growth had reduced hematocrit, plasma protein and cholesterol levels. This subset of birds had elevated plasma uric acid concentration and creatine kinase activity (perhaps due to enhanced protein and nucleotide catabolism). and elevated pIasma K+ levels. Based upon overt appearance, growth and blood chemistry, ducklings exposed to acidified wetlands were concluded to be in poorer condittion than those exposed on circumneutral pH wetlands.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic Press","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B., Haramis, G., Linder, G., and Chu, D., 1985, Growth and blood chemistry of ducklings reared on acidified wetlands: American Zoologist, v. 25, no. 4, p. 17A-17A.","productDescription":"63, 1 p.","startPage":"17A","endPage":"17A","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198194,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":414062,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/25.4.1"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a90e4b07f02db655911","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":337794,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haramis, G. mharamis@usgs.gov","contributorId":98011,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haramis","given":"G.","email":"mharamis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Linder, G.","contributorId":43070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Linder","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chu, D.","contributorId":91592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chu","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5222075,"text":"5222075 - 1985 - Deposition of anal-sac secretions by captive wolves (Canis lupus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-01T11:18:06.920397","indexId":"5222075","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:29","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deposition of anal-sac secretions by captive wolves (Canis lupus)","docAbstract":"Deposition of anal-sac secretions by captive wolves was investigated by a labelling technique using protein-bound iodine125 and food dye. Wolves deposited secretions on some but not all scats. Adult males, especially the alpha male, deposited anal-sac secretions more frequently while defecating than did females or juveniles. Secretions sometimes also were deposited independently of defecation, suggesting a dual role in communication by these substances.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1380960","usgsCitation":"Asa, C.S., Peterson, E., Seal, U., and Mech, L., 1985, Deposition of anal-sac secretions by captive wolves (Canis lupus): Journal of Mammalogy, v. 66, no. 1, p. 89-93, https://doi.org/10.2307/1380960.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"89","endPage":"93","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197894,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"66","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679d27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asa, C. S.","contributorId":34615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asa","given":"C.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335445,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, E.K.","contributorId":77261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"E.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seal, U.S.","contributorId":40564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seal","given":"U.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5222076,"text":"5222076 - 1985 - The use of urine, faeces, and anal-gland secretions in scent-marking by a captive wolf (Canis lupus) pack","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:14:52","indexId":"5222076","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:29","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":770,"text":"Animal Behaviour","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The use of urine, faeces, and anal-gland secretions in scent-marking by a captive wolf (Canis lupus) pack","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Animal Behaviour","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1016/S0003-3472(85)80043-9","usgsCitation":"Asa, C.S., Mech, L., and Seal, U., 1985, The use of urine, faeces, and anal-gland secretions in scent-marking by a captive wolf (Canis lupus) pack: Animal Behaviour, v. 33, no. 3, p. 1034-1036, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-3472(85)80043-9.","productDescription":"1034-1036","startPage":"1034","endPage":"1036","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18431,"rank":200,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-3472(85)80043-9","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":198387,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a58e4b07f02db62f4e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Asa, C. S.","contributorId":34615,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Asa","given":"C.","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Seal, U.S.","contributorId":40564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seal","given":"U.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}