Experimental Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner (TIMS) aircraft data have been acquired for the Rodeo Creek NE 7 1/2 minute quadrangle, Eureka County, northern Nevada, covering the Carlin gold mine. A simple model has been developed to extract spectral emissivities for mapping surface lithology and alteration based on the physical properties of geologic materials. Emissivity-ratio images were prepared that allow generalized lithologic discrimination, identification of areas with high silica content, and the first reported detection of the carbonate secondary reststrahlen feature. Together with thermal-inertia images, they permit identification of areas of subtle lithologic variation not shown on conventional geologic maps. Emissivity-ratio spectra extracted from the data compare favorably with modeled laboratory spectra and establish for the first time the link among theory, measured physical properties, and color-composited TIMS images. Identification of previously unknown silicification in the Tertiary volcanic rocks and mapping of a silicified structure and possible extensions in alluvium indicate that TIMS data can be a valuable tool for detecting subtle alteration associated with mineralization, particularly in less accessible or less well-known areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Exploration Geophysicists","doi":"10.1190/1.1442773","issn":"00168033","usgsCitation":"Watson, K., Kruse, F., and Hummer-Miller, S., 1990, Thermal infrared exploration in the Carlin trend, northern Nevada: Geophysics, v. 55, no. 1, p. 70-79, https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1442773.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"79","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223559,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb22ae4b08c986b32563d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watson, K.","contributorId":39123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watson","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372908,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kruse, F.A.","contributorId":30676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kruse","given":"F.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372907,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hummer-Miller, S.","contributorId":53088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hummer-Miller","given":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372909,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016083,"text":"70016083 - 1990 - An investigation of spectral change as influenced by irrigation and evapotranspiration volume estimation in western Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T14:26:43","indexId":"70016083","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An investigation of spectral change as influenced by irrigation and evapotranspiration volume estimation in western Nebraska","docAbstract":"Retrospective satellite image data were evaluated for their ability to demonstrate the influence of center-pivot irrigation development in western Nebraska on spectral change and climate-related factors for the region. Periodic images of an albedo index and a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were generated from calibrated Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS) data and used to monitor spectral changes associated with irrigation development from 1972 through 1986. The albedo index was not useful for monitoring irrigation development. For the NDVI, it was found that proportions of counties in irrigated agriculture, as discriminated by a threshold, were more highly correlated with reported ground estimates of irrigated agriculture than were county mean greenness values. A similar result was achieved when using coarse resolution Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) image data for estimating irrigated agriculture. The NDVI images were used to evaluate a procedure for making areal estimates of actual evapotranspiration (ET) volumes. Estimates of ET volumes for test counties, using reported ground acreages and corresponding standard crop coefficients, were correlated with the estimates of ET volume using crop coefficients scaled to NDVI values and pixel counts of crop areas. These county estimates were made under the assumption that soil water availability was unlimited. For nonirrigated vegetation, this may result in over-estimation of ET volumes. Ground information regarding crop types and acreages are required to derive the NDVI scaling factor. Potential ET, estimated with the Jensen-Haise model, is common to both methods. These results, achieved with both MSS and AVHRR data, show promise for providing climatologically important land surface information for regional and global climate models. ?? 1990 Kluwer Academic Publishers.","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00138371","issn":"01650009","usgsCitation":"Seevers, P., Sadowski, F., and Lauer, D.T., 1990, An investigation of spectral change as influenced by irrigation and evapotranspiration volume estimation in western Nebraska: Climatic Change, v. 17, no. 2-3, p. 265-285, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00138371.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"265","endPage":"285","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222779,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205297,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00138371"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea91e4b0c8380cd4894a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Seevers, P. M.","contributorId":94325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Seevers","given":"P. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sadowski, F.C.","contributorId":40734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadowski","given":"F.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lauer, D. T.","contributorId":47907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lauer","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015981,"text":"70015981 - 1990 - The surface area of soil organic matter","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-03-04T19:35:45","indexId":"70015981","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The surface area of soil organic matter","docAbstract":"The previously reported surface area for soil organic matter (SOM) of 560-800 m2/g as determined by the ethylene glycol (EG) retention method was reexamined by the standard BET method based on nitrogen adsorption at liquid nitrogen temperature. Test samples consisted of two high organic content soils, a freeze-dried soil humic acid, and an oven-dried soil humic acid. The measured BET areas for these samples were less than 1 m2/g, except for the freeze-dried humic acid. The results suggest that surface adsorption of nonionic organic compounds by SOM is practically insignificant in comparison to uptake by partition. The discrepancy between the surface areas of SOM obtained by BET and EG methods was explained in terms of the 'free surface area' and the 'apparent surface area' associated with these measurements.The previously reported surface area for soil organic matter (SOM) of 560-800 m2/g as determined by the ethylene glycol (EG) retention method was reexamined by the standard BET method based on nitrogen adsorption at liquid nitrogen temperature. Test samples consisted of two high organic content soils, a freeze-dried soil humic acid, and an oven-dried soil humic acid. The measured BET areas for these samples were less than 1 m2/g, except for the freeze-dried humic acid. The results suggest that surface adsorption of nonionic organic compounds by SOM is practically insignificant in comparison to uptake by partition. The discrepancy between the surface areas of SOM obtained by BET and EG methods was explained in terms of the 'free surface area' and the 'apparent surface area' associated with these measurements.","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es00078a002","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Chiou, C.T., Lee, J., and Boyd, S., 1990, The surface area of soil organic matter: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 24, no. 8, p. 1164-1166, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00078a002.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"1164","endPage":"1166","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222827,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb0a9e4b08c986b324fcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chiou, C. T.","contributorId":97080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chiou","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372242,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lee, J.-F.","contributorId":22910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"J.-F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Boyd, S.A.","contributorId":74517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"S.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372241,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015768,"text":"70015768 - 1990 - Light attenuation and submersed macrophyte distribution in the tidal Potomac River and estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-09-04T14:10:10.645603","indexId":"70015768","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Light attenuation and submersed macrophyte distribution in the tidal Potomac River and estuary","docAbstract":"Changing light availability may be responsible for the discontinuous distribution of submersed aquatic macrophytes in the freshwater tidal Potomac River. During the 1985-1986 growing seasons, light attenuation and chlorophyll a and suspended particulate material concentrations were measured in an unvegetated reach (B) and in two adjacent vegetated reaches (A and C). Light attenuation in reach B (the lower, fresh to oligohaline tidal river) was greater than that in reach A (the recently revegetated, upper, freshwater tidal river) in both years. Reach B light attenuation was greater than that in reach C (the vegetated, oligohaline to mesohaline transition zone of the Potomac Estuary) in 1985 and similar to that in reach C in 1986. In reach B, 5% of total below-surface light penetrated only an average of 1.3 m in 1985 and 1.0m in 1986, compared with 1.9 m and 1.4 m in reach A in 1985 and 1986, respectively. Water column chlorophyll a concentration controlled light availability in reaches A and B in 1985, whereas both chlorophyll a and suspended particulate material concentrations were highly correlated with attenuation in both reaches in 1986. Reach C light attenuation was correlated with suspended particulate material in 1986. The relationship between attenuation coefficient and Secchi depth was KPAR=1.38/Secchi depth. The spectral distribution of light at 1 m was shifted toward the red portion of the visible spectrum compared to surface light. Blue light was virtually absent at 1.0 m in reach B during July and August 1986. Tidal range is probably an important factor in determining light availability for submersed macrophyte propagule survival at the sediment-water interface in this shallow turbid system. ?? 1990 Estuarine Research Federation.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.2307/1351788","issn":"15592723","usgsCitation":"Carter, V., and Rybicki, N.B., 1990, Light attenuation and submersed macrophyte distribution in the tidal Potomac River and estuary: Estuaries, v. 13, no. 4, p. 441-452, https://doi.org/10.2307/1351788.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"441","endPage":"452","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224389,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River and estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.76123046875,\n 36.54494944148322\n ],\n [\n -75.333251953125,\n 36.54494944148322\n ],\n [\n -75.333251953125,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -77.76123046875,\n 39.70718665682654\n ],\n [\n -77.76123046875,\n 36.54494944148322\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"13","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4772e4b0c8380cd67874","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, V.","contributorId":61115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rybicki, N. B.","contributorId":97504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rybicki","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371723,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016202,"text":"70016202 - 1990 - Sediment-induced amplification and the collapse of the Nimitz Freeway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-07-27T15:02:25.166882","indexId":"70016202","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment-induced amplification and the collapse of the Nimitz Freeway","docAbstract":"The amplification of ground motion by low-seismic-velocity surface sediments is an important factor in determining the seismic hazard specific to a given site. The Ms = 7.1 Loma Prieta earthquake of 17 October 1989 was the largest event in the contiguous United States in 37 years, and yielded an unparalleled volume of seismic data from the main shock and aftershock sequence1. These data can be used to image the seismic source, to study detailed Earth structure, and to study the propagation of seismic waves both through bedrock at depth and through sediment layers near the surface. Near the edge of San Francisco Bay, site conditions vary considerably on scales of hundreds of metres. The collapsed section of the two-tiered Nimitz Freeway in Oakland was built on San Francisco Bay mud, whereas stiffen alluvial sediments underlie a southern section that was damaged but did not collapse. Here we analyse high-quality, digital aftershock recordings from several sites near the Nimitz Freeway, and conclude that soil conditions and resulting ground-motion amplification may have contributed significantly to the failure of the structure.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1038/344853a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Hough, S., Friberg, P., Busby, R., Field, E., Jacob, K., and Borcherdt, R., 1990, Sediment-induced amplification and the collapse of the Nimitz Freeway: Nature, v. 344, no. 6269, p. 853-855, https://doi.org/10.1038/344853a0.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"853","endPage":"855","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223098,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Oakland","otherGeospatial":"Nimitz Freeway","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.30443954467772,\n 37.81588665160757\n ],\n [\n -122.30873107910156,\n 37.809512710254495\n ],\n [\n -122.30667114257812,\n 37.79974730744888\n ],\n [\n -122.29019165039062,\n 37.79974730744888\n ],\n [\n -122.26856231689453,\n 37.79255806087506\n ],\n [\n -122.25929260253906,\n 37.786860425207784\n ],\n [\n -122.24109649658203,\n 37.78007695280165\n ],\n [\n -122.23869323730467,\n 37.774921097392664\n ],\n [\n -122.22444534301758,\n 37.76895071032235\n ],\n [\n -122.18925476074217,\n 37.72687295816893\n ],\n [\n -122.18341827392577,\n 37.72293542866175\n ],\n [\n -122.17929840087889,\n 37.726058314066165\n ],\n [\n -122.18925476074217,\n 37.7371910078431\n ],\n [\n -122.21878051757811,\n 37.77247872458732\n ],\n [\n -122.23182678222656,\n 37.77804178967593\n ],\n [\n -122.23766326904297,\n 37.786046441392266\n ],\n [\n -122.24916458129881,\n 37.79174413982033\n ],\n [\n -122.25774765014647,\n 37.7933719729637\n ],\n [\n -122.2675323486328,\n 37.80056114033423\n ],\n [\n -122.28641510009766,\n 37.805715207044685\n ],\n [\n -122.29740142822266,\n 37.80544394934271\n ],\n [\n -122.30083465576172,\n 37.808698976006795\n ],\n [\n -122.28813171386719,\n 37.8229380306175\n ],\n [\n -122.29293823242188,\n 37.82578551195746\n ],\n [\n -122.30443954467772,\n 37.81588665160757\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"344","issue":"6269","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8a04e4b08c986b316fb0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hough, S. E. 0000-0002-5980-2986","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-2986","contributorId":7316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hough","given":"S. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Friberg, P.A.","contributorId":46894,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Friberg","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Busby, R.","contributorId":63955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Busby","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Field, E.F.","contributorId":58026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"E.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jacob, K.H.","contributorId":96682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jacob","given":"K.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Borcherdt, R. D. 0000-0002-8668-0849","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8668-0849","contributorId":32165,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borcherdt","given":"R. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372824,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70015785,"text":"70015785 - 1990 - A method of evaluating effects of antecedent precipitation on duststorms and its application to Yuma, Arizona, 1981-1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:01","indexId":"70015785","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1252,"text":"Climatic Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A method of evaluating effects of antecedent precipitation on duststorms and its application to Yuma, Arizona, 1981-1988","docAbstract":"Precipitation causes several short- and long-term effects on wind-induced surface erodibility and subsequent dust emission. Among the principal effects considered by this paper are soil moisture, soil crusts, and vegetation. A quantitative method is developed to assess these effects using differences between the potential and the actual amounts of dust emitted from dust sources as inferred from surface meteorological measurements obtained downwind from those sources. The results of this assessment must be interpreted with caution, however, when the size and location of dust sources are unknown. Using meteorological data recorded near Yuma, Arizona at the Yuma Marine Corps Air Station (YMCAS), the method is applied to calculate the potential and actual amounts of dust emitted from upwind dust sources during the spring and fall/winter seasons between January 1, 1981 and May 31, 1988. (Spring is considered to be the period between February 1 and May 31; fall/winter, between October 1 and January 31.) Because summer precipitation is intermittent and wind patterns are localized, summer meteorological data are not used to evaluate regional correlations between precipitation and dust storms. For the period between 1981 and 1988, a correlation of -0.60 was found between fall/winter precipitation and the actual amount of dust emitted from sources upwind of YMCAS during the following spring. A particularly strong reduction in dust emission was noted during the springs of 1983 and 1984 following the start of an 'El Nino event' in fall/winter 1982. Photographs taken at a geological and meteorological data-collection (Geomet) site, located in the natural desert 25 km southeast of YMCAS, show a correspondence between increased antecedent precipitation recorded at the site and increased vegetation. Whereas the annual precipitation totals at YMCAS and the Geomet site from the beginning of 1982 through 1984 are high, their seasonal totals, especially during the fall/winter seasons, are disparate. This fall/winter precipitation disparity may account for evidence suggesting that significant vegetation growth occurred at dust sources upwind of YMCAS by spring 1983, but that such growth did not occur at the Geomet site until fall/ winter of 1983. Spatial inhomogeneity in fall/winter precipitation probably contributed to the relatively low correlation (-0.60) between fall/winter precipitation recorded at YMCAS and the actual amount of dust emitted from upwind sources during the following spring. ?? 1990 Kluwer Academic Publishers.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climatic Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00138374","issn":"01650009","usgsCitation":"MacKinnon, D.J., Elder, D., Helm, P.J., Tuesink, M., and Nist, C., 1990, A method of evaluating effects of antecedent precipitation on duststorms and its application to Yuma, Arizona, 1981-1988: Climatic Change, v. 17, no. 2-3, p. 331-360, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00138374.","startPage":"331","endPage":"360","numberOfPages":"30","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205417,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00138374"},{"id":223788,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"2-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e45ce4b0c8380cd465eb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"MacKinnon, D. J.","contributorId":79145,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"MacKinnon","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371766,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Elder, D.F.","contributorId":38289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elder","given":"D.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Helm, P. J.","contributorId":72813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Helm","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Tuesink, M.F.","contributorId":60385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tuesink","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nist, C.A.","contributorId":29579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nist","given":"C.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70016193,"text":"70016193 - 1990 - Thermal maturity of Jurassic shales from the Newark Basin, U.S.A.: Influence of hydrothermal fluids and implications to basin modeling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-01T12:17:13.838418","indexId":"70016193","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thermal maturity of Jurassic shales from the Newark Basin, U.S.A.: Influence of hydrothermal fluids and implications to basin modeling","docAbstract":"Organic geochemical investigations were conducted on a series of cores that systematically sampled the uppermost Jurassic strata from the northern Newark Basin. Each sedimentary unit consists of fluvial red sandstones and siltstones with cyclic deposits of interbedded black lacustrine shales and gray deltaic siltstones. In a suite of organic-rich shales from the Boonton, Towaco and Feltville Formations, organic maturation parameters were used to determine aspects of the thermal history of the Newark Basin. Comparisons of model calculations and measured maturities support39 Ar/40 Ar-geochronometer studies that indicate a hydrothermal event occurred ∼175 Ma ago. An increase in the regional geothermal gradient to ∼7.5°C/100 m for ∼5 Ma best conforms to the organic geochemical observations. Biomarker compounds in Boonton and Towaco strata should have been relatively unaltered by this regional event, but anomalous molecular distributions in the organic-rich rocks may have resulted from localized heating by hydrothermal fluids. The effects of this interaction would be very subtle and may be indistinguishable from variations caused by differences in organic facies. Within this uncertainty, sterane and hopane isomerization and steroid aromatization reactions advanced in the Boonton and Towaco Formation strata primarily because of burial and normal geothermal heating that followed the hydrothermal event. Biomarker kinetic models indicate that ∼2400 m of Boonton and post-Boonton strata were eroded after basinal uplift commenced ∼50 Ma ago.
Pronounced secondary phases observed in local recordings of quarry shots and earthquakes on the southern Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, are identified as reflected P and S and converted S-to-P phases originating within four depth ranges: in the upper few kilometers of the Cook Inlet Tertiary basin, at midcrustal depths within the overthrust North American plate, at about 35 km depth near the top of the Wadati-Benioff seismic zone in proximity to the inferred interplate megathrust, and at about 5–10 km below the megathrust in the subducted Pacific plate. Beneath the landward margin of the accreted Chugach terrane, the mid-upper plate (MUP) discontinuity dips as steeply as 20°–30° to the west-northwest over the depth range 12–18 km. At shallower depths it flattens and possibly arches with the crest at about 10 km depth. Similar midcrustal reflectors have been imaged about 125 km to the southwest and about 350 km to the northeast along the structural trend of the Chugach terrane. The extensive reflectors may have a common origin, possible caused by the presence of underplated rocks. Relative amplitudes and polarities of the secondary phases originating at MUP depths provide few constraints on the nature of the discontinuity. It appears that the MUP discontinuity is seismically inactive and does not represent a brittle-ductile transition zone within the upper plate. The two converted S-to-P phases generated near the top of the subducted plate could indicate a low-velocity zone associated with subducted oceanic crust.
","largerWorkTitle":"American Geophysical Union","language":"English","doi":"10.1029/JB095iB05p06883","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Stephens, C., Page, R., and Lahr, J., 1990, Reflected and mode-converted seismic waves within the shallow Aleutian subduction zone, southern Kenai Peninsula, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 95, no. B5, p. 6883-6897, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB095iB05p06883.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"6883","endPage":"6897","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223379,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"B5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"50e4a43be4b0e8fec6cdbad7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephens, C.D.","contributorId":18752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephens","given":"C.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Page, R.A.","contributorId":40197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Page","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373748,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lahr, J.C.","contributorId":34892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lahr","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015734,"text":"70015734 - 1990 - Late Cenozoic volcanism, subduction, and extension in the Lassen region of California, southern Cascade Range","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T16:19:09.532394","indexId":"70015734","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Late Cenozoic volcanism, subduction, and extension in the Lassen region of California, southern Cascade Range","docAbstract":"Some 537 volcanic vents younger than 7 Ma are identified and these are classified into five age intervals and five compositional categories based on SiO2 content. Maps of vents by age and composition illustrate regionally representative volcanic trends. By 2 Ma, the eastern limit of volcanism had contracted westward toward the late Quaternary arc. Late Quaternary volcanism is concentrated around and north of the silicic Lassen volcanic center. The belt of most recent volcanism (25-0 ka) has been active since at least 2 Ma. Most mafic volcanism is calcalkaline basalt and basaltic andesite. Normal faults and linear groups of vents are evidence of widespread crustal extension throughout most of the Lassen region. NNW orientation of maximum horizontal stress is indicated. The Lassen volcanic region is thought to occur above the subducting Gorda North plate but also within a broad zone of distributed extension that occurs in the North American lithosphere east and southeast of the present Cascadia subduction zone. The scarcity of volcanic rocks older than 7 Ma suggests that a more compressive lithospheric stress regime prior to the late Miocene extensional episode may have suppressed volcanism. -from Authors","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB095iB12p19453","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Guffanti, M., Clynne, M., Smith, J., Muffler, L., and Bullen, T., 1990, Late Cenozoic volcanism, subduction, and extension in the Lassen region of California, southern Cascade Range: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 95, no. B12, p. 19543-19464, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB095iB12p19453.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"19543","endPage":"19464","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223897,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"B12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a44d1e4b0c8380cd66de8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guffanti, M.","contributorId":75693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guffanti","given":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clynne, M.A.","contributorId":90722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371647,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Smith, James G.","contributorId":44534,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"James G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":371643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Muffler, L.J.P.","contributorId":63383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muffler","given":"L.J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bullen, T.D.","contributorId":79911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bullen","given":"T.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70016084,"text":"70016084 - 1990 - Deep drilling at the Siljan Ring impact structure: oxygen-isotope geochemistry of granite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:47","indexId":"70016084","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1336,"text":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deep drilling at the Siljan Ring impact structure: oxygen-isotope geochemistry of granite","docAbstract":"The Siljan Ring is a 362-Ma-old impact structure formed in 1700-Ma-old I-type granites. A 6.8-km-deep borehole provides a vertical profile through granites and isolated horizontal diabase sills. Fluid-inclusion thermometry, and oxygen-isotope compositions of vein quartz, granite, diabase, impact melt, and pseudotachylite, reveal a complex history of fluid activity in the Siljan Ring, much of which can be related to the meteorite impact. In granites from the deep borehole, ??18O values of matrix quartz increase with depth from near 8.0 at the surface to 9.5??? at 5760 m depth. In contrast, feldspar ??18O values decrease with depth from near 10 at the surface to 7.1??? at 5760 m, forming a pattern opposite to the one defined by quartz isotopic compositions. Values of ??18O for surface granites outside the impact structure are distinct from those in near-surface samples from the deep borehole. In the deep borehole, feldspar coloration varies from brick-red at the surface to white at 5760 m, and the abundances of crack-healing calcite and other secondary minerals decrease over the same interval. Superimposed on the overall decrease in alteration intensity with depth are localized fracture zones at 4662, 5415, and 6044 m depth that contain altered granites, and which provided pathways for deep penetration of surface water. The antithetic variation of quartz and feldspar ??18O values, which can be correlated with mineralogical evidence of alteration, provides evidence for interaction between rocks and impact-heated fluids (100-300?? C) in the upper 2 km of the pluton. Penetration of water to depths below 2 km was restricted by a general decrease in impact-fracturing with depth, and by a 60-m-thick diabase sill at 1500 m depth that may have been an aquitard. At depths below 4 km in the pluton, where water/rock ratios were low, oxygen isotopic compositions preserve evidence for limited high-temperature (>500?? C) exchange between alkali feldspar and fluids. The high-temperature exchange may have been a post-impact event involving impact-heated fluids, or a post-magmatic event. ?? 1990 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00302492","issn":"00107999","usgsCitation":"Komor, S., and Valley, J., 1990, Deep drilling at the Siljan Ring impact structure: oxygen-isotope geochemistry of granite: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 105, no. 5, p. 516-532, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00302492.","startPage":"516","endPage":"532","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205307,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00302492"},{"id":222830,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"105","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe1fe4b0c8380cd4eb29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Komor, S.C.","contributorId":21182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Komor","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Valley, J.W.","contributorId":28741,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valley","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372505,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015922,"text":"70015922 - 1990 - Magmatic unrest at Long Valley Caldera, California, 1980-1990","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:45","indexId":"70015922","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1813,"text":"Geoscience Canada","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Magmatic unrest at Long Valley Caldera, California, 1980-1990","docAbstract":"On May 25, 1980, the resort town of Mammoth Lakes, California, was shaken by a remarkable 48-hour-long earthquake sequence that included four M=6, two M=5 and 300 M=3 quakes. The nature of the precursory seismicity plus the unusual character of the May 25-27 sequence itself suggested that it was not typical of tectonic earthquakes in the region. Discovery of 25 cm of domical uplift centred on the resurgent dome within Long Valley caldera strongly implied that this activity was accompanied, if not caused, by influex of magma into the Long Valley magma chamber. -Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geoscience Canada","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"03150941","usgsCitation":"Bailey, R., and Hill, D., 1990, Magmatic unrest at Long Valley Caldera, California, 1980-1990: Geoscience Canada, v. 17, no. 3, p. 175-179.","startPage":"175","endPage":"179","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223340,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4b4fe4b0c8380cd6944b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bailey, R. A.","contributorId":87531,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bailey","given":"R. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, D.P.","contributorId":27432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015874,"text":"70015874 - 1990 - Genesis of the tabular-type vanadium-uranium deposits of the Henry Basin, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-14T12:48:25","indexId":"70015874","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Genesis of the tabular-type vanadium-uranium deposits of the Henry Basin, Utah","docAbstract":"Tabular-type vanadium-uranium deposits occur in fluvial sandstones of the Salt Wash Member of the Morrison Formation of Late Jurassic age The mineralized intervals and the weakly mineralized lateral extensions are bounded both above and below by zones rich in dolomite cement. Carbon isotope values of dolomite cements indicate that at least two sources of carbon existed. One source appears to be the same as that which formed the bedded carbonates in the evaporites in the Tidwell Member of the Morrison Formation stratigraphically below the mineralized interval. The second carbon source is typical of terrestrially deposited carbonates generally associated with meteoric water-dominated environments. Oxygen isotope values of these dolomites show the same trend of isotopically light values above the mineralized interval and isotopically heavier values in and below that interval; they indicate that two isotopically distinct fluids were involved in the mineralizing process. Some aspects of the origin of gangue and ore phases are explainable on the basis of processes which occurred solely within the saline fluid, but key aspects of ore genesis involved the interaction of the saline and meteoric waters. It is postulated that the solution interface migrated vertically within the stratigraphic section. -from Authors","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.85.2.215","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Northrop, H.R., Goldhaber, M., Landis, G.P., Unruh, J., Reynolds, R.J., Campbell, J.A., Wanty, R.B., Grauch, R.I., Whitney, G., and Rye, R.O., 1990, Genesis of the tabular-type vanadium-uranium deposits of the Henry Basin, Utah: Economic Geology, v. 85, no. 2, p. 215-269, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.85.2.215.","productDescription":"55 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"269","numberOfPages":"55","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223484,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Henry Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.6815185546875,\n 37.278423856453706\n ],\n [\n -109.64355468749999,\n 37.278423856453706\n ],\n [\n -109.64355468749999,\n 39.23650795487107\n ],\n [\n -111.6815185546875,\n 39.23650795487107\n ],\n [\n -111.6815185546875,\n 37.278423856453706\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"85","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1990-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a155ee4b0c8380cd54da6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Northrop, H. R.","contributorId":40735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Northrop","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371974,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goldhaber, M. B. 0000-0002-1785-4243","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-4243","contributorId":103280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldhaber","given":"M. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371975,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Landis, Gary P.","contributorId":72405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landis","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Unruh, J.W.","contributorId":105756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Unruh","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Reynolds, Richard J. 0000-0001-5032-6613 rjreynol@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5032-6613","contributorId":1082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reynolds","given":"Richard","email":"rjreynol@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Campbell, John A.","contributorId":67089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Wanty, Richard B. 0000-0002-2063-6423 rwanty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"Richard","email":"rwanty@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Grauch, Richard I. 0000-0002-1763-0813 rgrauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-0813","contributorId":1193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"Richard","email":"rgrauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":779389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Whitney, Gene","contributorId":27049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitney","given":"Gene","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Rye, Robert O. rrye@usgs.gov","contributorId":1486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rye","given":"Robert","email":"rrye@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70015799,"text":"70015799 - 1990 - Distribution and dispersal of suspended particulate matter on the Ebro continental shelf, northwestern Mediterranean Sea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-01T11:26:40.905564","indexId":"70015799","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and dispersal of suspended particulate matter on the Ebro continental shelf, northwestern Mediterranean Sea","docAbstract":"The theory of the fission-track method and its application to sedimentary basin analysis is illustrated by a case study in the southern San Joaquin Valley, California. Fission tracks provide a powerful tool for studying the thermal history of sedimentary basins because the two minerals most commonly used in fission-track studies, apatite and zircon, occur as detrital constituents in many sedimentary rocks, and their annealing temperatures span the main temperature range for oil generation. Fission tracks also provide information on the sedimentation record and provenance of rocks in a basin.
We have used fission-track analysis to study the thermal and depositional history of the subsurface Tertiary sedimentary rocks on both sides of the active White Wolf reverse fault in the southern San Joaquin Valley. The distinctly different thermal histories of the rocks in the two structural blocks are clearly reflected in the apatite fission-track data, which suggest that rocks in the rapidly subsiding basin northwest of the fault have been near their present temperature for only about 1 m.y. compared with about 10 m.y. for rocks southeast of the fault. These estimates of heating time agree with previous estimates for these rocks.
Zircon fission-track data indicate that the Tertiary sediments were derived from parent rocks of more than one age. However, from at least the Eocene to late Miocene or Pliocene, the major sediment source was rocks related to the youngest Sierra Nevada Mesozoic intrusive complexes, which are presently exposed east and south of the southern San Joaquin Valley.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/0C9B21F5-1710-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Naeser, N.D., Naeser, C.W., and McCulloh, T.H., 1990, Thermal history of rocks in southern San Joaquin Valley, California: evidence from fission-track analysis: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 74, no. 1, p. 13-29, https://doi.org/10.1306/0C9B21F5-1710-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"13","endPage":"29","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223528,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"southern San Joaquin Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.25,\n 35.25\n ],\n [\n -119.25,\n 34.875\n ],\n [\n -118.875,\n 34.875\n ],\n [\n -118.875,\n 35.25\n ],\n [\n -119.25,\n 35.25\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"74","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb223e4b08c986b32560c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naeser, Nancy D.","contributorId":82753,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Naeser, Charles W.","contributorId":76281,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCulloh, Thane H.","contributorId":100450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCulloh","given":"Thane","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016284,"text":"70016284 - 1990 - Plant and insect remains from the Wisconsinan interstadial/stadial transition at Wedron, north-central Illinois","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-26T06:54:18","indexId":"70016284","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plant and insect remains from the Wisconsinan interstadial/stadial transition at Wedron, north-central Illinois","docAbstract":"Organic material exposed within a small swale fill in Pit 6 of the Wedron Silica Sand Co. near Wedron in LaSalle County, Illinois, includes well-preserved pollen, plant macrofossils, and insect remains. This material occurs in slackwater sediment in the lower part of the Peddicord Formation, which was deposited as existing valleys were dammed by fluvial aggradation during the initial late Wisconsinan advance of Laurentide ice into the Wedron area. Wood from the organic horizon has a radiocarbon age of 21,460 ?? 470 yr B.P. (ISGS-1486). The pollen spectrum is dominated by Picea, Pinus, and Cyperaceae. Plant macrofossils comprise a mix of boreal-forest taxa, including Picea, Larix laricina, and the moss Campylium stellatum; subarctic species including Betula glandulosa, Empetrum nigrum, and Selaginella selaginoides; along with the predominantly arctic Vaccinium uliginosum var. alpinum, Dryas integrifolia, and Rhododendron lapponicum. The insect fauna contains the western montane ground beetle Opisthius richardsoni; several arctic-subarctic ground beetles including Diacheila polita, Helophorus sibiricus, and Pterostichus (Cryobius) caribou; and a diverse assemblage of insects that today inhabit the boreal forest. We interpret the biotic record to record a phase in the transition from closed boreal forest to open tundra as climatic conditions deteriorated in advance of continental glaciation. ?? 1990.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(90)90064-R","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Garry, C., Schwert, D., Baker, R.G., Kemmis, T., Horton, D.G., and Sullivan, A., 1990, Plant and insect remains from the Wisconsinan interstadial/stadial transition at Wedron, north-central Illinois: Quaternary Research, v. 33, no. 3, p. 387-399, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(90)90064-R.","startPage":"387","endPage":"399","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266516,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(90)90064-R"},{"id":222844,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7be8e4b0c8380cd796bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Garry, C.E.","contributorId":62343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Garry","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwert, D.P.","contributorId":76072,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwert","given":"D.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baker, R. G.","contributorId":96326,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Kemmis, T.J.","contributorId":78881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kemmis","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Horton, D. G.","contributorId":17375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sullivan, A.E.","contributorId":75689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":1014636,"text":"1014636 - 1990 - Performance of rainbow trout fry fed supplemental soy lecithin and choline","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-24T15:31:58.842869","indexId":"1014636","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Performance of rainbow trout fry fed supplemental soy lecithin and choline","docAbstract":"Three feeding experiments were conducted with early‐feeding fry of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss; initial mean weight, 0.10–0.12 g) to determine their need for lecithin contained in soy lecithin (SL), with and without supplemental choline. The source of assay protein was an isoelectric form (RP 100) of isolated soy protein (ISP) in experiment 1, a sodium protein ISP (RP 101) in experiment 2, and an ether‐extracted herring meal in expenment 3. Duration of the feeding trials was 20 weeks for experiment 1 and 16 weeks for experiments 2 and 3. Analysis of variance showed that supplemental SL and choline each increased body weight gain, survival, and body fat, and improved feed conversion (amount fed/weight gain). The extent of beneficial effects varied with type of diet fed. Fish fed either of the ISPs needed at least 4% supplemental SL, either with or without 0.3% choline, for highest survival, but survival of all fish fed extracted herring meal was high. Although choline alone enhanced growth, at least 4% SL, either with or without choline, was necessary for maximum growth.
","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1990)052%3C0218:PORTFF%3E2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Poston, H.A., 1990, Performance of rainbow trout fry fed supplemental soy lecithin and choline: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 52, no. 4, p. 218-225, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1990)052%3C0218:PORTFF%3E2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"218","endPage":"225","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132275,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db68865a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poston, H. A.","contributorId":21893,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poston","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":320795,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015938,"text":"70015938 - 1990 - Stratigraphic, lithologic, and major element geochemical constraints on magmatic evolution at Lassen volcanic center, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-24T16:53:26.689232","indexId":"70015938","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic, lithologic, and major element geochemical constraints on magmatic evolution at Lassen volcanic center, California","docAbstract":"The Lassen volcanic center is the most recent of several long-lived volcanic centers in the southernmost Cascade Range. These centers have erupted products ranging from basaltic andesite to rhyolite and are superimposed on a background of regional basaltic to andesitic volcanism. The evolution of the Lassen volcanic center is described in three stages. Stages I and II comprise the Brokeoff volcano, and 80 km3 andesitic stratocone, active from 600 to 400 ka. Brokeoff volcano is compositionally equivalent to the regional basaltic andesite to andesite volcanism in the Lassen region and is the result of structurally controlled focusing of the diffuse regional mafic magmatism. Stage III comprises a silicic dome field and adjacent area of hybrid andesites and has a total volume of about 100 km3. Volcanism during stage III was episodic and is subdivided into four sequences of lithologically and temporally distinct lavas. Stage III began at 400 ka with a rhyolitic, caldera-forming pyroclastic eruption and chemically related lavas. Additional sequences of dacite erupted between 250–200 ka and 100–0 ka. Hybrid andesites erupted adjacent to the silicic dome field between 300 and 0 ka. Porphyritic andesite and dacite with high Al2O3, low TiO2, medium K2O and FeO/MgO ratios of 1.5–2.0 are the most abundant rock types in the Lassen volcanic center. However, the single most voluminous unit is sparsely phyric rhyolite pumice. In general, the lavas of Lassen volcanic center form a single coherent trend on major element variation diagrams and in pseudo-quaternary phase space, consistant with an origin either by fractional crystallization or magma mixing. In detail, however, the lack of systematic temporal change in silica and subtly crossing trends indicate a complex origin. A variety of statistically successful fractional crystallization models can be constructed that derive Brokeoff andesites from regional magmas. An important conclusion of the modeling is that if fractional crystallization is the process responsible for generation of Brokeoff andesite, then the parent magma must be low to medium K in geochemical affinity in order to explain the variation in K2O. However, although major element variation can be modeled by fractional crystallization, petrographic and stratigraphic evidence indicates that magma mixing is an important but subtle process in Brokeoff lavas and suggests that lavas evolved in small independent batches. Lavas erupted during stage III, while predominantly silicic, range from 53 to 75% SiO2. Disequilibrium mineral assemblages in the stage III lavas indicate that they are not directly derived from Brokeoff andesite by fractional crystallization. Mixing of silicic magma with regional mafic magma and disaggregation of andesitic quenched magmatic inclusions play dominant roles in the compositional diversity of stage III lavas.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB095iB12p19651","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Clynne, M., 1990, Stratigraphic, lithologic, and major element geochemical constraints on magmatic evolution at Lassen volcanic center, California: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 95, no. B12, p. 19651-19669, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB095iB12p19651.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"19651","endPage":"19669","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222771,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"95","issue":"B12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9970e4b08c986b31c411","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clynne, M.A.","contributorId":90722,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clynne","given":"M.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1007599,"text":"1007599 - 1990 - Toxicity of municipal wastewater effluents contaminated by pentachlorophenol in southwest Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-02T12:22:51","indexId":"1007599","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1555,"text":"Environmental Pollution","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Toxicity of municipal wastewater effluents contaminated by pentachlorophenol in southwest Missouri","docAbstract":"Toxicity of effluents from two sewage treatment plants in Joplin, Missouri, was tested using Ceriodaphnia dubia and Pimephales promelas. No test organisms survived in effluents from either plant, in effluents diluted with water from Turkey Creek (the receiving stream), or in water from Turkey Creek. Mortality was complete in all but the most dilute treatments of effluents, in which reconstituted water was used as the diluent. High concentrations of pentachlorophenol (130–970 μg liter−1) in effluents and the receiving stream likely caused mortality during the 7-day tests. Detectable concentrations of other phenolic compounds indicated the presence in Turkey Creek of other toxic by-products of pentachlorophenol manufacture. This study demonstrated the utility of biological tests of whole effluents to determine toxicity of wastewater effluents.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0269-7491(90)90094-S","usgsCitation":"Wylie, G., Finger, S., and Crawford, R., 1990, Toxicity of municipal wastewater effluents contaminated by pentachlorophenol in southwest Missouri: Environmental Pollution, v. 64, p. 43-53, https://doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(90)90094-S.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"43","endPage":"53","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129867,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","county":"Jasper County","city":"Joplin","otherGeospatial":"Turkey Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.65133666992186,\n 36.97567823176651\n ],\n [\n -94.65133666992186,\n 37.17126017626408\n ],\n [\n -94.38148498535156,\n 37.17126017626408\n ],\n [\n -94.38148498535156,\n 36.97567823176651\n ],\n [\n -94.65133666992186,\n 36.97567823176651\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"64","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627fe6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wylie, G.D.","contributorId":68238,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wylie","given":"G.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Finger, S.E.","contributorId":29769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finger","given":"S.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Crawford, R.W.","contributorId":10371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crawford","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016028,"text":"70016028 - 1990 - The role of soil processes in determining mechanisms of slope failure and hillslope development in a humid-tropical forest eastern Puerto Rico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-25T16:05:22","indexId":"70016028","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The role of soil processes in determining mechanisms of slope failure and hillslope development in a humid-tropical forest eastern Puerto Rico","docAbstract":"Translational failures, with associated downslope earthflow components and shallow slides, appear to be the primary mechanism of hillslope denudation in the humid tropical forests of the mountains of eastern Puerto Rico. In-situ weathering of quartz diorite and marine-deposited volcaniclastics produces residual soil (saprolite; up to 21 m deep) / weathered rock profiles. Discontinuous zones of contrasting density and permeability particularly in quartz-diorite slopes at 0.5 m, and between 3 and 7 m, create both pathways and impedances for water that can result in excess pore pressures and, ultimately, aid in determining the location of failure planes and magnitudes of slope failures. In combination with relict fractures which create planes of weakness within the saprolite, and the potential significance of tensile stresses in the upper zone of saprolite (hypothesized to be caused by subsurface soil creep), shear failure can then occur during or after periods of heavy rainfall. Results of in-situ shear-strength testing show negative y-intercepts on the derived Mohr-Coulomb failure envelopes (approximately 50% of all tests) that are interpreted as apparent tensile stresses. Observation of tension cracks 1-2 m deep support the test data. Subsurface soil creep can cause extension of the soil and the development of tensile stresses along upper-slope segments. Shear-strength data support this hypothesis for both geologic types. Apparent values of maximum and mean tensile stress are greatest along upper slopes (16.5 and 6.29 kPa). Previously documented maximum rates of downslope movement coincided with local minima of shear strength, and the shear-strength minimum for all tests was located near 0.5 m below land surface, the shallow zone of contrasting permeabilities. These results indicate that subsurface soil creep, a slow semi-continuous process, may exert a profound influence on rapid, shallow slope failures in saprolitic soils. Data indicate that cove slopes in quartz diorite tend to be the most unstable when saturation levels reach 75%. Deep failures (7 m deep) appear the most critical but not the most frequent because pore pressure build-up will occur more rapidly in the upper perched zone of translocated clays before reaching the lower zone between 3 and 7 m. Frequent shallow failures could reduce the probability of deeper failures by removing overburden and reducing shear stress at depth. Deep failures are more likely to result from storm events of great duration and intensity. Sixty-six 'naturally occurring' and more than 100 'road-related' landslides were mapped. Forest elevations exceed 1000 m, but the majority of these failures were found between 600 and 800 m in elevation. This appears to be the area where there is sufficient concentration of subsurface water to result in excess pore pressures. The high percentage of slope failures in the 600-800-m range, relative to the percentage at higher elevations, suggests that differences in soil-water processes are responsible for the form of these mountain slopes. Steep linear segments are maintained at higher elevations. Slope angles are reduced in the 600-800-m range by frequent shallow slides, creating a largely concave surface. In combination, slope segments above 800 m, and those between 600 and 800 m, produce the characteristic form of the mountains of eastern Puerto Rico. ?? 1990.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geomorphology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"ScienceDirect","doi":"10.1016/0169-555X(90)90007-D","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Simon, A., Larsen, M.C., and Hupp, C., 1990, The role of soil processes in determining mechanisms of slope failure and hillslope development in a humid-tropical forest eastern Puerto Rico: Geomorphology, v. 3, no. 3-4, p. 263-286, https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-555X(90)90007-D.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"263","endPage":"286","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222828,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baf98e4b08c986b3248f1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simon, A.","contributorId":43501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larsen, M. C.","contributorId":66287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larsen","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hupp, C.R. 0000-0003-1853-9197","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1853-9197","contributorId":78775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hupp","given":"C.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1007593,"text":"1007593 - 1990 - Replies from the fire gods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:16","indexId":"1007593","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":720,"text":"American Forests","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Replies from the fire gods","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Forests","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Stephenson, N., Parsons, D., and Nichols, H., 1990, Replies from the fire gods: American Forests, v. 96, no. 3&4.","productDescription":"p. 35, 70","startPage":"35, 70","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129863,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"3&4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67bf00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stephenson, N.L.","contributorId":17559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stephenson","given":"N.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315677,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Parsons, D.J.","contributorId":47721,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parsons","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, H.T.","contributorId":84311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"H.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315679,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1004032,"text":"1004032 - 1990 - Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-01-26T15:39:06","indexId":"1004032","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3499,"text":"Supplement to the Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Supplement to the Journal of Wildlife Diseases","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Converse, K.A., and Windingstad, R., 1990, Quarterly Wildlife Mortality Report: Supplement to the Journal of Wildlife Diseases, v. 26, no. 1, 5 p.","productDescription":"5 p.","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -180.17578125,\n 17.14079039331665\n ],\n [\n -180.17578125,\n 72.71190310803662\n ],\n [\n -65.7421875,\n 72.71190310803662\n ],\n [\n -65.7421875,\n 17.14079039331665\n ],\n [\n -180.17578125,\n 17.14079039331665\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a82e4b07f02db64aac2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Converse, K. A.","contributorId":81436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Converse","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Windingstad, R.","contributorId":15558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Windingstad","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016230,"text":"70016230 - 1990 - Combustion tube method for measurement of nitrogen isotope ratios using calcium oxide for total rmoval of carbon dioxide and water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-09T17:40:40.597665","indexId":"70016230","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":761,"text":"Analytical Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Combustion tube method for measurement of nitrogen isotope ratios using calcium oxide for total rmoval of carbon dioxide and water","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"ACS Publications","doi":"10.1021/ac00204a019","usgsCitation":"Kendall, C., and Grim, E., 1990, Combustion tube method for measurement of nitrogen isotope ratios using calcium oxide for total rmoval of carbon dioxide and water: Analytical Chemistry, v. 62, no. 5, p. 526-529, https://doi.org/10.1021/ac00204a019.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"526","endPage":"529","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222787,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f7e3e4b0c8380cd4cd63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kendall, Carol 0000-0002-0247-3405 ckendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0247-3405","contributorId":1462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"Carol","email":"ckendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":372913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grim, E.","contributorId":41144,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grim","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015971,"text":"70015971 - 1990 - Hydrogeochemistry and stable isotopes of ground and surface waters from two adjacent closed basins, Atacama Desert, northern Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-06T13:19:57.072795","indexId":"70015971","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":835,"text":"Applied Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hydrogeochemistry and stable isotopes of ground and surface waters from two adjacent closed basins, Atacama Desert, northern Chile","docAbstract":"The geochemistry and stable isotopes of groundwaters, surface waters, and precipitation indicate different sources of some dissolved constituents, but a common source of recharge and other constituents in two adjacent closed basins in the Atacama Desert region of northern Chile (24°15′–24°45′S). Waters from artesian wells, trenches, and ephemeral streams in the Punta Negra Basin are characterized by concentrations of Na>Ca>Mg and Cl≥SO4,with TDS<10 g/l. Values of δD and δ18O for Punta Negra Basin waters follow an evaporitic trend typical of closed basin waters in northern Chile and elsewhere. In contrast, ground waters in the Hamburgo Basin, located about 25 km NW of the Punta Negra Basin, have concentrations of Na > Mg≥Ca and SO4 >Cl, with TDS also <10 g/l. Aqueous speciation calculations indicate that Hamburgo Basin groundwaters are close to saturation with respect to gypsum. The relatively high SO4 and low Ca in Hamburgo Basin waters result from SO4 influx and subsequent gypsum precipitation related to weathering at La Escondida, a large porphyry copper deposit located near to the center of the basin. Deep mine waters from 130 m below the water table at La Escondida also have Na>Mg≥Ca and SO4 >Cl, but with TDS up to 40 g/l. The deep mine waters have pH between 3.2 and 3.9, and are high in dissolved CO2 (δ13C= −4.8%PDB), indicating probable interaction with oxidizing sulfides. The deep mine waters have δ18O values of ≈−1.8%.compared with values < −3.5‰ for other Hamburgo Basin waters; thus the mine waters may represent a mixture of meteoric waters with deeper “metamorphic” waters, which had interacted with rocks and exchanged oxygen isotopes at elevated temperatures. Alternatively, the deep mine waters may represent fossil meteoric waters which evolved isotopically along an evaporative trend starting from values quite depleted in δ18O and °Dd relative to either precipitation or shallow groundwaters. High I/Br ratios in the Hamburgo Basin waters and La Escondida mine waters are consistent with regionally high I in surficial deposits in the Atacama Desert region and may represent dissolution of a wind-blown evaporite component.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0883-2927(90)90067-F","issn":"08832927","usgsCitation":"Alpers, C.N., and Whittemore, D.O., 1990, Hydrogeochemistry and stable isotopes of ground and surface waters from two adjacent closed basins, Atacama Desert, northern Chile: Applied Geochemistry, v. 5, no. 5-6, p. 719-734, https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-2927(90)90067-F.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"719","endPage":"734","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223442,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Chile","otherGeospatial":"Atacama Desert","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -71.66856557962502,\n -17.9947891130375\n ],\n [\n -71.66856557962502,\n -29.545242026483983\n ],\n [\n -66.57307328474353,\n -29.545242026483983\n ],\n [\n -66.57307328474353,\n -17.9947891130375\n ],\n [\n -71.66856557962502,\n -17.9947891130375\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"5","issue":"5-6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3365e4b0c8380cd5ef7c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":372220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whittemore, Donald O.","contributorId":28748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whittemore","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372219,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015857,"text":"70015857 - 1990 - U-Pb geochronologic constraints on the origin of a unique monazite- xenotime gneiss, Hudson Highlands, New York","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-08T15:53:28.303887","indexId":"70015857","displayToPublicDate":"1990-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"U-Pb geochronologic constraints on the origin of a unique monazite- xenotime gneiss, Hudson Highlands, New York","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Journal of Science","doi":"10.2475/ajs.290.5.522","usgsCitation":"Aleinikoff, J.N., and Grauch, R.I., 1990, U-Pb geochronologic constraints on the origin of a unique monazite- xenotime gneiss, Hudson Highlands, New York: American Journal of Science, v. 290, no. 5, p. 522-546, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.290.5.522.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"522","endPage":"546","numberOfPages":"25","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479826,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.290.5.522","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":223230,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"Hudson Highlands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.09916213948715,\n 41.542644392802345\n ],\n [\n -74.09916213948715,\n 41.2\n ],\n [\n -73.80245322312834,\n 41.2\n ],\n [\n -73.80245322312834,\n 41.542644392802345\n ],\n [\n -74.09916213948715,\n 41.542644392802345\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"290","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb9c8e4b08c986b327de1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aleinikoff, John N. 0000-0003-3494-6841 jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3494-6841","contributorId":1478,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aleinikoff","given":"John","email":"jaleinikoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":371934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grauch, Richard I. 0000-0002-1763-0813 rgrauch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-0813","contributorId":1193,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grauch","given":"Richard","email":"rgrauch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":371935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}