{"pageNumber":"450","pageRowStart":"11225","pageSize":"25","recordCount":40790,"records":[{"id":70191835,"text":"70191835 - 2017 - The history of late holocene surface-faulting earthquakes on the central segments of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-15T11:13:15","indexId":"70191835","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The history of late holocene surface-faulting earthquakes on the central segments of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah","docAbstract":"The Wasatch fault (WFZ)—Utah’s longest and most active normal fault—forms a prominent eastern boundary to the Basin and Range Province in northern Utah. To provide paleoseismic data for a Wasatch Front regional earthquake forecast, we synthesized paleoseismic data to define the timing and displacements of late Holocene surface-faulting earthquakes on the central five segments of the WFZ. Our analysis yields revised histories of large (M ~7) surface-faulting earthquakes on the segments, as well as estimates of earthquake recurrence and vertical slip rate. We constrain the timing of four to six earthquakes on each of the central segments, which together yields a history of at least 24 surface-faulting earthquakes since ~6 ka. Using earthquake data for each segment, inter-event recurrence intervals range from about 0.6 to 2.5 kyr, and have a mean of 1.2 kyr. Mean recurrence, based on closed seismic intervals, is ~1.1–1.3 kyr per segment, and when combined with mean vertical displacements per segment of 1.7–2.6 m, yield mean vertical slip rates of 1.3–2.0 mm/yr per segment. These data refine the late Holocene behavior of the central WFZ; however, a significant source of uncertainty is whether structural complexities that define the segments of the WFZ act as hard barriers to ruptures propagating along the fault. Thus, we evaluate fault rupture models including both single-segment and multi-segment ruptures, and define 3–17-km-wide spatial uncertainties in the segment boundaries. These alternative rupture models and segment-boundary zones honor the WFZ paleoseismic data, take into account the spatial and temporal limitations of paleoseismic data, and allow for complex ruptures such as partial-segment and spillover ruptures. Our data and analyses improve our understanding of the complexities in normal-faulting earthquake behavior and provide geological inputs for regional earthquake-probability and seismic hazard assessments.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geology and resources of the Wasatch: Back to front, Utah Geological Association Publication 46","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Geological Association","usgsCitation":"DuRoss, C., Personius, S., Olig, S.S., Crone, A.J., Hylland, M.D., Lund, W.R., and Schwartz, D.P., 2017, The history of late holocene surface-faulting earthquakes on the central segments of the Wasatch fault zone, Utah, chap. <i>of</i> Geology and resources of the Wasatch: Back to front, Utah Geological Association Publication 46, v. 46, p. 1-51.","productDescription":"51 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"51","ipdsId":"IP-083722","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":351656,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351655,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.mapstore.utah.gov/uga46.html"}],"volume":"46","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee8f8e4b0da30c1bfc4fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"DuRoss, Christopher 0000-0002-6963-7451 cduross@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6963-7451","contributorId":152321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DuRoss","given":"Christopher","email":"cduross@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713293,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Personius, Stephen 0000-0001-8347-7370 personius@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-7370","contributorId":150055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Personius","given":"Stephen","email":"personius@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713294,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olig, Susan S","contributorId":197357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olig","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"S","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713295,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crone, Anthony J. 0000-0002-3006-406X crone@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-406X","contributorId":790,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crone","given":"Anthony","email":"crone@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713296,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hylland, Michael D.","contributorId":195214,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hylland","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713297,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Lund, William R.","contributorId":197358,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lund","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713298,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schwartz, David P. 0000-0001-5193-9200 dschwartz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-9200","contributorId":1940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"David","email":"dschwartz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713299,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70194036,"text":"70194036 - 2017 - Influence of the Eastern California Shear Zone on deposition of the Mio-Pliocene Bouse Formation: Insights from the Cibola area, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-11T15:08:44","indexId":"70194036","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Influence of the Eastern California Shear Zone on deposition of the Mio-Pliocene Bouse Formation: Insights from the Cibola area, Arizona","docAbstract":"<p>The Eastern California Shear Zone (ECSZ) is a wide zone of late Cenozoic strike-slip faults and related diffuse deformation that currently accommodates ~20–25% of relative Pacific–North America plate motion in the lower Colorado River region (Fig. 1A; Dokka and Travis, 1990; Miller et al., 2001; Guest et al., 2007; Mahan et al., 2009). The ECSZ is kinematically linked southward to dextral faults in the northern Gulf of California (Bennett et al., 2016a), and it may have initiated ca. 8 Ma when major strike-slip faults developed in the northern Gulf and Salton Trough region (Bennett et al., 2016b; Darin et al., 2016; Woodburne, 2017). Thus deformation related to the ECSZ occurred in the lower Colorado River region during deposition of the Bouse Formation, which is commonly bracketed between 6.0 and 4.8 Ma (House et al., 2008; Sarna-Wojcicki et al., 2011; Spencer et al., 2013) and may be as old as 6–7 Ma in the south (McDougall and Miranda Martínez, 2014, 2016). Post-4.5 Ma broad&nbsp;sagging is recognized along the lower Colorado River (Howard et al., 2015), but the possibility that faults of the ECSZ influenced local to regional subsidence patterns during deposition of the Bouse Formation has received little attention to date (e.g., Homan, 2014; O’Connell et al., 2016). </p><p>The Bouse Formation is a widespread sequence of late Miocene to early Pliocene deposits exposed discontinuously along the lower Colorado River corridor (Fig. 1A). In the southern Blythe basin it consists of three regionally correlative members: (1) Basal Carbonate, consisting of supratidal and intertidal mud-flat marls,&nbsp;intertidal and shallow subtidal bioclastic grainstone and conglomerate, and subtidal marl; (2) Siliciclastic member, consisting of Colorado River-derived green claystone, red mudstone and siltstone, and cross-bedded river channel sandstone; and (3) Upper Bioclastic member fossiliferous sandy calcarenite, coarse pebbly grainstone, and calcareous-matrix conglomerate (Homan, 2014; Dorsey et al., 2016; O’Connell et al., 2016, 2017). The southern Bouse Formation has been interpreted as recording deposition in either a lake (Spencer and Patchett, 1997; Spencer et al., 2008, 2013; Bright et al., 2016) or shallow marine setting (Buising, 1990; McDougall, 2008; McDougall and Miranda Martínez, 2014; O’Connell et al., 2017).</p><p>In this paper we summarize key results from five field seasons of detailed stratigraphic analysis south of Cibola, Ariz. ( . 1). The data reveal systematic stratal thinning and thickening, pinch-outs, and wedging patterns in the Bouse Formation that we conclude were produced by syn-depositional tilting in response to growth of normal faults near the eastern margin of the basin. Similar stratal patterns in other nearby areas suggest widespread structural controls on deposition of the Bouse Formation. A palinspastic reconstruction of the lower Colorado River region at 5 Ma, modified from Bennett et al. (2016), provides insight to regional fault geometries in the ECSZ that may have controlled syn-depositional tilting and subsidence in Bouse depocenters shortly prior to and during initiation of the Colorado River. </p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"2017 Desert Symposium Field Guide and Proceedings - ECSZ does it: Revisiting the eastern California Shear Zone","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"California State University Desert Studies Center","usgsCitation":"Dorsey, R.J., O’Connell, B., Homan, M.B., and Bennett, S.E., 2017, Influence of the Eastern California Shear Zone on deposition of the Mio-Pliocene Bouse Formation: Insights from the Cibola area, Arizona, <i>in</i> 2017 Desert Symposium Field Guide and Proceedings - ECSZ does it: Revisiting the eastern California Shear Zone, p. 150-157.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"150","endPage":"157","ipdsId":"IP-084485","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349924,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349922,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.desertsymposium.org"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fc3de4b06e28e9c23be7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dorsey, Rebecca J.","contributorId":167712,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dorsey","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":24813,"text":"University of Oregan","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Connell, Brennan","contributorId":200336,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Connell","given":"Brennan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Homan, Mindy B.","contributorId":200337,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Homan","given":"Mindy","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":721955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bennett, Scott E.K. 0000-0002-9772-4122 sekbennett@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9772-4122","contributorId":5340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"Scott","email":"sekbennett@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.K.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":721952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70179824,"text":"70179824 - 2017 - New techniques to measure cliff change from historical oblique aerial photographs and structure-from-motion photogrammetry","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-19T10:18:05","indexId":"70179824","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2220,"text":"Journal of Coastal Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New techniques to measure cliff change from historical oblique aerial photographs and structure-from-motion photogrammetry","docAbstract":"Oblique aerial photograph surveys are commonly used to document coastal landscapes. Here it is shown that adequate overlap may exist in these photographic records to develop topographic models with Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetric techniques. Using photographs of Fort Funston, California, from the California Coastal Records Project, imagery were combined with ground control points in a four-dimensional analysis that produced topographic point clouds of the study area’s cliffs for 5 years spanning 2002 to 2010. Uncertainty was assessed by comparing point clouds with airborne LIDAR data, and these uncertainties were related to the number and spatial distribution of ground control points used in the SfM analyses. With six or more ground control points, the root mean squared errors between the SfM and LIDAR data were less than 0.30 m (minimum 1⁄4 0.18 m), and the mean systematic error was less than 0.10 m. The SfM results had several benefits over traditional airborne LIDAR in that they included point coverage on vertical- to-overhanging sections of the cliff and resulted in 10–100 times greater point densities. Time series of the SfM results revealed topographic changes, including landslides, rock falls, and the erosion of landslide talus along the Fort Funston beach. Thus, it was concluded that SfM photogrammetric techniques with historical oblique photographs allow for the extraction of useful quantitative information for mapping coastal topography and measuring coastal change. The new techniques presented here are likely applicable to many photograph collections and problems in the earth sciences.","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne, Coastal education and research foundation","doi":"10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-16-00095.1","collaboration":"Olympic National Park; California Coastal Records Project","usgsCitation":"Warrick, J.A., Ritchie, A., Adelman, G., Adelman, K., and Limber, P.W., 2017, New techniques to measure cliff change from historical oblique aerial photographs and structure-from-motion photogrammetry: Journal of Coastal Research, v. 33, no. 1, p. 39-55, https://doi.org/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-16-00095.1.","productDescription":"17 p. ","startPage":"39","endPage":"55","ipdsId":"IP-075270","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470181,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2112/jcoastres-d-16-00095.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":333423,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"33","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5881ded3e4b01192927d9f7b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Warrick, Jonathan A. 0000-0002-0205-3814 jwarrick@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0205-3814","contributorId":167736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Warrick","given":"Jonathan","email":"jwarrick@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ritchie, Andy","contributorId":178426,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ritchie","given":"Andy","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Adelman, Gabrielle","contributorId":178427,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adelman","given":"Gabrielle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Adelman, Ken","contributorId":178428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adelman","given":"Ken","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Limber, Patrick W. 0000-0002-8207-3750 plimber@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8207-3750","contributorId":5773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Limber","given":"Patrick","email":"plimber@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":658847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70188888,"text":"70188888 - 2017 - Tectonic evolution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-05-21T14:21:47","indexId":"70188888","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Tectonic evolution","docAbstract":"The middle Paleozoic through Present tectonic evolution of the Northern Cordillera is portrayed in a series of 15 Tectonic Model figures. These figures depict the successive stages of formation and accretion of orogenic collages along the western margin of the North American Plate (craton and craton margin) and adjacent marine areas. The orogenic collages are composed of terranes and overlap assemblages. The terranes are tectonic (fault-bounded) fragments of island arcs and continental-margin arcs, subduction-zones, oceanic lithosphere, craton margins, and cratons. The overlap assemblages are sequences of mainly late Mesozoic and Cenozoic continental-margin-arc and sedimentary-basin assemblages that were deposited on subjacent terranes and on subjacent craton margin assemblages, following their tectonic assembly.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Dynamic geology of the Northern Cordillera (Alaska and Western Canada) and adjacent marine areas: Tectonics, hazards, and resources","language":"English","publisher":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","usgsCitation":"Nokleberg, W.J., Monger, J.W., Stone, D.B., Bundtzen, T.K., and Scholl, D.W., 2017, Tectonic evolution, chap. <i>of</i> Dynamic geology of the Northern Cordillera (Alaska and Western Canada) and adjacent marine areas: Tectonics, hazards, and resources, E-Book.","productDescription":"E-Book","ipdsId":"IP-072754","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352486,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":352437,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11122/7994"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee8f8e4b0da30c1bfc4fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nokleberg, Warren J. 0000-0002-1574-8869 wnokleberg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-8869","contributorId":2077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nokleberg","given":"Warren","email":"wnokleberg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700838,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Monger, James W.H.","contributorId":193571,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Monger","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"W.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stone, David B.","contributorId":193572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stone","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bundtzen, Thomas K.","contributorId":192968,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bundtzen","given":"Thomas","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":700841,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Scholl, David W. 0000-0001-6500-6962 dscholl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-6962","contributorId":3738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scholl","given":"David","email":"dscholl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":700842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70185059,"text":"70185059 - 2017 - Spatio-temporal development of vegetation die-off in a submerging coastal marsh","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-13T15:26:46","indexId":"70185059","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2620,"text":"Limnology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatio-temporal development of vegetation die-off in a submerging coastal marsh","docAbstract":"<p><span>In several places around the world, coastal marsh vegetation is converting to open water through the formation of pools. This is concerning, as vegetation die-off is expected to reduce the marshes' capacity to adapt to sea level rise by vegetation-induced sediment accretion. Quantitative analyses of the spatial and temporal development of marsh vegetation die-off are scarce, although these are needed to understand the bio-geomorphic feedback effects of vegetation die-off on flow, erosion, and sedimentation. In this study, we quantified the spatial and temporal development of marsh vegetation die-off with aerial images from 1938 to 2010 in a submerging coastal marsh along the Blackwater River (Maryland, U.S.A). Our results indicate that die-off begins with conversion of marsh vegetation into bare open water pools that are relatively far (&gt; 75 m) from tidal channels. As vegetation die-off continues, pools expand, and new pools emerge at shorter and shorter distances from channels. Consequently larger pools are found at larger distances from the channels. Our results suggest that the size of the pools and possibly the connection of pools with the tidal channel system have important bio-geomorphic implications and aggravate marsh deterioration. Moreover, we found that the temporal development of vegetation die-off in moderately degraded marshes is similar as the spatial die-off development along a present-day gradient, which indicates that the contemporary die-off gradient might be considered a chronosequence that offers a unique opportunity to study vegetation die-off processes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ASLO","doi":"10.1002/lno.10381","usgsCitation":"Schepers, L., Kirwan, M.L., Guntenspergen, G.R., and Temmerman, S., 2017, Spatio-temporal development of vegetation die-off in a submerging coastal marsh: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 62, no. 1, p. 137-150, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10381.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"137","endPage":"150","ipdsId":"IP-076687","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470180,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"text":"External Repository"},{"id":337461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c7af9be4b0849ce9795e6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schepers, Lennert","contributorId":189203,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schepers","given":"Lennert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kirwan, Matt L.","contributorId":189205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kirwan","given":"Matt","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Temmerman, Stijn","contributorId":189204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Temmerman","given":"Stijn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70193167,"text":"70193167 - 2017 - Validation of daily increments periodicity in otoliths of spotted gar","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T15:37:49","indexId":"70193167","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3909,"text":"Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Validation of daily increments periodicity in otoliths of spotted gar","docAbstract":"<p><span>Accurate age and growth information is essential in successful management of fish populations and for understanding early life history. We validated daily increment deposition, including the timing of first ring formation, for spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus) through 127 days post hatch. Fry were produced from hatchery-spawned specimens, and up to 10 individuals per week were sacrificed and their otoliths (sagitta, lapillus, and asteriscus) removed for daily age estimation. Daily age estimates for all three otolith pairs were significantly related to known age. The strongest relationships existed for measurements from the sagitta (r2 = 0.98) and the lapillus (r2 = 0.99) with asteriscus (r2 = 0.95) the lowest. All age prediction models resulted in a slope near unity, indicating that ring deposition occurred approximately daily. Initiation of ring formation varied among otolith types, with deposition beginning 3, 7, and 9 days for the sagitta, lapillus, and asteriscus, respectively. Results of this study suggested that otoliths are useful to estimate daily age of spotted gar juveniles; these data may be used to back calculate hatch dates, estimate early growth rates, and correlate with environmental factor that influence spawning in wild populations. is early life history information will be valuable in better understanding the ecology of this species.&nbsp;</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies","usgsCitation":"Snow, R.A., Long, J.M., and Frenette, B.D., 2017, Validation of daily increments periodicity in otoliths of spotted gar: Journal of the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies, v. 4, p. 60-65.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"60","endPage":"65","ipdsId":"IP-077724","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349158,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":349157,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.seafwa.org/publications/journal/?id=402080"}],"volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fc3de4b06e28e9c23bf9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Snow, Richard A.","contributorId":176213,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snow","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":27443,"text":"Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":722924,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Long, James M. 0000-0002-8658-9949 jmlong@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-9949","contributorId":3453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Long","given":"James","email":"jmlong@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718115,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frenette, Bryan D.","contributorId":200628,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frenette","given":"Bryan","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722925,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70192642,"text":"70192642 - 2017 - Reconstruction of spatio-temporal temperature from sparse historical records using robust probabilistic principal component regression","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-07T14:44:39","indexId":"70192642","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5542,"text":"Advances in Statistical Climatology, Meteorology and Oceanography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reconstruction of spatio-temporal temperature from sparse historical records using robust probabilistic principal component regression","docAbstract":"<p><span>Scientific records of temperature and precipitation have been kept for several hundred years, but for many areas, only a shorter record exists. To understand climate change, there is a need for rigorous statistical reconstructions of the paleoclimate using proxy data. Paleoclimate proxy data are often sparse, noisy, indirect measurements of the climate process of interest, making each proxy uniquely challenging to model statistically. We reconstruct spatially explicit temperature surfaces from sparse and noisy measurements recorded at historical United States military forts and other observer stations from 1820 to 1894. One common method for reconstructing the paleoclimate from proxy data is principal component regression (PCR). With PCR, one learns a statistical relationship between the paleoclimate proxy data and a set of climate observations that are used as patterns for potential reconstruction scenarios. We explore PCR in a Bayesian hierarchical framework, extending classical PCR in a variety of ways. First, we model the latent principal components probabilistically, accounting for measurement error in the observational data. Next, we extend our method to better accommodate outliers that occur in the proxy data. Finally, we explore alternatives to the truncation of lower-order principal components using different regularization techniques. One fundamental challenge in paleoclimate reconstruction efforts is the lack of out-of-sample data for predictive validation. Cross-validation is of potential value, but is computationally expensive and potentially sensitive to outliers in sparse data scenarios. To overcome the limitations that a lack of out-of-sample records presents, we test our methods using a simulation study, applying proper scoring rules including a computationally efficient approximation to leave-one-out cross-validation using the log score to validate model performance. The result of our analysis is a spatially explicit reconstruction of spatio-temporal temperature from a very sparse historical record.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/ascmo-3-1-2017","usgsCitation":"Tipton, J., Hooten, M., and Goring, S., 2017, Reconstruction of spatio-temporal temperature from sparse historical records using robust probabilistic principal component regression: Advances in Statistical Climatology, Meteorology and Oceanography, v. 3, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-3-1-2017.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","ipdsId":"IP-076974","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470165,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/ascmo-3-1-2017","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348403,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e953e4b09af898c8cc0f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tipton, John","contributorId":166999,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tipton","given":"John","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hooten, Mevin 0000-0002-1614-723X mhooten@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1614-723X","contributorId":2958,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hooten","given":"Mevin","email":"mhooten@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":12963,"text":"Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Goring, Simon","contributorId":167180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goring","given":"Simon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70193237,"text":"70193237 - 2017 - Spatial demographic models to inform conservation planning of golden eagles in renewable energy landscapes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T17:05:17","indexId":"70193237","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2442,"text":"Journal of Raptor Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial demographic models to inform conservation planning of golden eagles in renewable energy landscapes","docAbstract":"<p>Spatial demographic models can help guide monitoring and management activities targeting at-risk species, even in cases where baseline data are lacking. Here, we provide an example of how site-specific changes in land use and anthropogenic stressors can be incorporated into a spatial demographic model to investigate effects on population dynamics of Golden Eagles (<i>Aquila chrysaetos</i>). Our study focused on a population of Golden Eagles exposed to risks associated with rapid increases in renewable energy development in southern California, U.S.A. We developed a spatially explicit, individual-based simulation model that integrated empirical data on demography of Golden Eagles with spatial data on the arrangement of nesting habitats, prey resources, and planned renewable energy development sites. Our model permitted simulated eagles of different stage-classes to disperse, establish home ranges, acquire prey resources, prospect for breeding sites, and reproduce. The distribution of nesting habitats, prey resources, and threats within each individual's home range influenced movement, reproduction, and survival. We used our model to explore potential effects of alternative disturbance scenarios, and proposed conservation strategies, on the future distribution and abundance of Golden Eagles in the study region. Results from our simulations suggest that probable increases in mortality associated with renewable energy infrastructure (e.g., collisions with wind turbines and vehicles, electrocution on power poles) could have negative consequences for population trajectories, but that site-specific conservation actions could reduce the magnitude of negative effects. Our study demonstrates the use of a flexible and expandable modeling framework to incorporate spatially dependent processes when determining relative effects of proposed management options to Golden Eagles and their habitats.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"The Raptor Research Foundation","doi":"10.3356/JRR-16-77.1","usgsCitation":"Wiens, J.D., Schumaker, N.H., Inman, R.D., Esque, T., Longshore, K.M., and Nussear, K.E., 2017, Spatial demographic models to inform conservation planning of golden eagles in renewable energy landscapes: Journal of Raptor Research, v. 51, no. 3, p. 234-257, https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-16-77.1.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"234","endPage":"257","ipdsId":"IP-079327","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470164,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3356/jrr-16-77.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347904,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"51","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bbae4b0531197afa004","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiens, J. David 0000-0002-2020-038X jwiens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2020-038X","contributorId":468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiens","given":"J.","email":"jwiens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718668,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schumaker, Nathan H.","contributorId":199151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schumaker","given":"Nathan","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":6914,"text":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718669,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Inman, Richard D. rdinman@usgs.gov","contributorId":3316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Inman","given":"Richard","email":"rdinman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Esque, Todd C. tesque@usgs.gov","contributorId":127766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Esque","given":"Todd C.","email":"tesque@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Longshore, Kathleen M. 0000-0001-6621-1271 longshore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6621-1271","contributorId":2677,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longshore","given":"Kathleen","email":"longshore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":718672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nussear, Kenneth E.","contributorId":117361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nussear","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16686,"text":"University of Nevada, Reno","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70192672,"text":"70192672 - 2017 - A guide to multi-objective optimization for ecological problems with an application to cackling goose management","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-08T15:04:05","indexId":"70192672","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1458,"text":"Ecological Modelling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A guide to multi-objective optimization for ecological problems with an application to cackling goose management","docAbstract":"<p id=\"spar0010\">Choices in ecological research and management are the result of balancing multiple, often competing, objectives.<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Multi-objective optimization</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(MOO) is a formal decision-theoretic framework for solving multiple objective problems. MOO is used extensively in other fields including engineering, economics, and operations research. However, its application for solving ecological problems has been sparse, perhaps due to a lack of widespread understanding. Thus, our objective was to provide an accessible primer on MOO, including a review of methods common in other fields, a review of their application in ecology, and a demonstration to an applied resource management problem.</p><p id=\"spar0015\">A large class of methods for solving MOO problems can be separated into two strategies: modelling preferences pre-optimization (the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a priori</i><span>&nbsp;</span>strategy), or modelling preferences post-optimization (the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a posteriori</i><span>&nbsp;</span>strategy). The<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a priori</i><span>&nbsp;</span>strategy requires describing preferences among objectives without knowledge of how preferences affect the resulting decision. In the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a posteriori</i><span>&nbsp;</span>strategy, the decision maker simultaneously considers a set of solutions (the Pareto optimal set) and makes a choice based on the trade-offs observed in the set. We describe several methods for modelling preferences pre-optimization, including: the bounded objective function method, the lexicographic method, and the weighted-sum method. We discuss modelling preferences post-optimization through examination of the Pareto optimal set. We applied each MOO strategy to the natural resource management problem of selecting a population target for cackling goose (<i>Branta hutchinsii minima</i>) abundance. Cackling geese provide food security to Native Alaskan subsistence hunters in the goose's nesting area, but depredate crops on private agricultural fields in wintering areas. We developed objective functions to represent the competing objectives related to the cackling goose population target and identified an optimal solution first using the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a priori</i><span>&nbsp;</span>strategy, and then by examining trade-offs in the Pareto set using the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a posteriori</i><span>&nbsp;</span>strategy. We used four approaches for selecting a final solution within the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a posteriori</i><span>&nbsp;</span>strategy; the most common optimal solution, the most robust optimal solution, and two solutions based on maximizing a restricted portion of the Pareto set. We discuss MOO with respect to natural resource management, but MOO is sufficiently general to cover any ecological problem that contains multiple competing objectives that can be quantified using objective functions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.10.010","usgsCitation":"Williams, P.J., and Kendall, W., 2017, A guide to multi-objective optimization for ecological problems with an application to cackling goose management: Ecological Modelling, v. 343, p. 54-67, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.10.010.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"54","endPage":"67","ipdsId":"IP-074514","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.10.010","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348487,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"343","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a0425bde4b0dc0b45b453c5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Williams, Perry J.","contributorId":169058,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Williams","given":"Perry","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":25400,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":721333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kendall, William L. 0000-0003-0084-9891 wkendall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0084-9891","contributorId":166709,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kendall","given":"William L.","email":"wkendall@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70185061,"text":"70185061 - 2017 - Behavioral connectivity among bighorn sheep suggests potential for disease spread","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-13T17:02:55","indexId":"70185061","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Behavioral connectivity among bighorn sheep suggests potential for disease spread","docAbstract":"<p><span>Connectivity is important for population persistence and can reduce the potential for inbreeding depression. Connectivity between populations can also facilitate disease transmission; respiratory diseases are one of the most important factors affecting populations of bighorn sheep (</span><i>Ovis canadensis</i><span>). The mechanisms of connectivity in populations of bighorn sheep likely have implications for spread of disease, but the behaviors leading to connectivity between bighorn sheep groups are not well understood. From 2007–2012, we radio-collared and monitored 56 bighorn sheep in the Salmon River canyon in central Idaho. We used cluster analysis to define social groups of bighorn sheep and then estimated connectivity between these groups using a multi-state mark-recapture model. Social groups of bighorn sheep were spatially segregated and linearly distributed along the Salmon River canyon. Monthly probabilities of movement between adjacent male and female groups ranged from 0.08 (±0.004 SE) to 0.76 (±0.068) for males and 0.05 (±0.132) to 0.24 (±0.034) for females. Movements of males were extensive and probabilities of movement were considerably higher during the rut. Probabilities of movement for females were typically smaller than those of males and did not change seasonally. Whereas adjacent groups of bighorn sheep along the Salmon River canyon were well connected, connectivity between groups north and south of the Salmon River was limited. The novel application of a multi-state model to a population of bighorn sheep allowed us to estimate the probability of movement between adjacent social groups and approximate the level of connectivity across the population. Our results suggest high movement rates of males during the rut are the most likely to result in transmission of pathogens among both male and female groups. Potential for disease spread among female groups was smaller but non-trivial. Land managers can plan grazing of domestic sheep for spring and summer months when males are relatively inactive. Removal or quarantine of social groups may reduce probability of disease transmission in populations of bighorn sheep consisting of linearly distributed social groups.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.21169","usgsCitation":"Borg, N.J., Mitchell, M.S., Lukacs, P.M., Mack, C.M., Waits, L.P., and Krausman, P.R., 2017, Behavioral connectivity among bighorn sheep suggests potential for disease spread: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 81, no. 1, p. 38-45, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21169.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"45","ipdsId":"IP-076975","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337478,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"81","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c7af9ae4b0849ce9795e6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borg, Nathan","contributorId":189236,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borg","given":"Nathan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, Michael S. 0000-0002-0773-6905 mmitchel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-6905","contributorId":3716,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"Michael","email":"mmitchel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lukacs, Paul M.","contributorId":101240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lukacs","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Mack, Curt M.","contributorId":58948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mack","given":"Curt","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Waits, Lisette P.","contributorId":87673,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waits","given":"Lisette","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Krausman, Paul R.","contributorId":31467,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krausman","given":"Paul","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":684122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70186169,"text":"70186169 - 2017 - Summer habitat selection by Dall’s sheep in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-30T15:13:22","indexId":"70186169","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2373,"text":"Journal of Mammalogy","onlineIssn":"1545-1542","printIssn":"0022-2372","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Summer habitat selection by Dall’s sheep in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sexual segregation occurs frequently in sexually dimorphic species, and it may be influenced by differential habitat requirements between sexes or by social or evolutionary mechanisms that maintain separation of sexes regardless of habitat selection. Understanding the degree of sex-specific habitat specialization is important for management of wildlife populations and the design of monitoring and research programs. Using mid-summer aerial survey data for Dall’s sheep (</span><i>Ovis dalli dalli</i><span>) in southern Alaska during 1983–2011, we assessed differences in summer habitat selection by sex and reproductive status at the landscape scale in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve (WRST). Males and females were highly segregated socially, as were females with and without young. Resource selection function (RSF) models containing rugged terrain, intermediate values of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and open landcover types best explained resource selection by each sex, female reproductive classes, and all sheep combined. For male and all female models, most coefficients were similar, suggesting little difference in summer habitat selection between sexes at the landscape scale. A combined RSF model therefore may be used to predict the relative probability of resource selection by Dall’s sheep in WRST regardless of sex or reproductive status.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyw135","usgsCitation":"Roffler, G.H., Adams, L., and Hebblewhite, M., 2017, Summer habitat selection by Dall’s sheep in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park and Preserve, Alaska: Journal of Mammalogy, v. 98, no. 1, p. 94-105, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyw135.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"94","endPage":"105","ipdsId":"IP-060082","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470170,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyw135","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":338838,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","volume":"98","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58de194fe4b02ff32c699ca1","chorus":{"doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyw135","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyw135","publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","authors":"Roffler Gretchen H., Adams Layne G., Hebblewhite Mark","journalName":"Journal of Mammalogy","publicationDate":"9/17/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roffler, Gretchen H. groffler@usgs.gov","contributorId":1946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roffler","given":"Gretchen","email":"groffler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":687742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Layne G. 0000-0001-6212-2896 ladams@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6212-2896","contributorId":2776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Adams","given":"Layne G.","email":"ladams@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":687741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hebblewhite, Mark","contributorId":190188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hebblewhite","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70191830,"text":"70191830 - 2017 - Extreme geomagnetic storms: Probabilistic forecasts and their uncertainties","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-19T13:24:21","indexId":"70191830","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3456,"text":"Space Weather","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extreme geomagnetic storms: Probabilistic forecasts and their uncertainties","docAbstract":"<p><span>Extreme space weather events are low-frequency, high-risk phenomena. Estimating their rates of occurrence, as well as their associated uncertainties, is difficult. In this study, we derive statistical estimates and uncertainties for the occurrence rate of an extreme geomagnetic storm on the scale of the Carrington event (or worse) occurring within the next decade. We model the distribution of events as either a power law or lognormal distribution and use (1) Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic to estimate goodness of fit, (2) bootstrapping to quantify the uncertainty in the estimates, and (3) likelihood ratio tests to assess whether one distribution is preferred over another. Our best estimate for the probability of another extreme geomagnetic event comparable to the Carrington event occurring within the next 10&nbsp;years is 10.3% 95%&nbsp; confidence interval (CI) [0.9,18.7] for a power law distribution but only 3.0% 95%&nbsp;CI [0.6,9.0] for a lognormal distribution. However, our results depend crucially on (1) how we define an extreme event, (2) the statistical model used to describe how the events are distributed in intensity, (3) the techniques used to infer the model parameters, and (4) the data and duration used for the analysis. We test a major assumption that the data represent time stationary processes and discuss the implications. If the current trends persist, suggesting that we are entering a period of lower activity, our forecasts may represent upper limits rather than best estimates.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2016SW001470","usgsCitation":"Riley, P., and Love, J.J., 2017, Extreme geomagnetic storms: Probabilistic forecasts and their uncertainties: Space Weather, v. 15, no. 1, p. 53-64, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016SW001470.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"53","endPage":"64","ipdsId":"IP-081721","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346971,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"15","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e9b996e4b05fe04cd65cba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riley, Pete","contributorId":145704,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Riley","given":"Pete","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16202,"text":"Predictive Science Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":713249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70189500,"text":"70189500 - 2017 - Relative contributions of copper oxide nanoparticles and dissolved copper to Cu uptake kinetics of Gulf killifish (Fundulus grandis) embryos","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-13T16:27:55","indexId":"70189500","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Relative contributions of copper oxide nanoparticles and dissolved copper to Cu uptake kinetics of Gulf killifish (<i>Fundulus grandis</i>) embryos","title":"Relative contributions of copper oxide nanoparticles and dissolved copper to Cu uptake kinetics of Gulf killifish (Fundulus grandis) embryos","docAbstract":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-mce-style=\"text-align: left;\"><span>The toxicity of soluble metal-based nanomaterials may be due to the uptake of metals in both dissolved and nanoparticulate forms, but the relative contributions of these different forms to overall metal uptake rates under environmental conditions are not quantitatively defined. Here, we investigated the linkage between the dissolution rates of copper(II) oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) and their bioavailability to Gulf killifish (</span><i>Fundulus grandis</i><span>) embryos, with the aim of quantitatively delineating the relative contributions of nanoparticulate and dissolved species for Cu uptake. Gulf killifish embryos were exposed to dissolved Cu and CuO NP mixtures comprising a range of pH values (6.3–7.5) and three types of natural organic matter (NOM) isolates at various concentrations (0.1–10 mg-C L</span><sup>–1</sup><span>), resulting in a wide range of CuO NP dissolution rates that subsequently influenced Cu uptake. First-order dissolution rate constants of CuO NPs increased with increasing NOM concentration and for NOM isolates with higher aromaticity, as indicated by specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA), while Cu uptake rate constants of both dissolved Cu and CuO NP decreased with NOM concentration and aromaticity. As a result, the relative contribution of dissolved Cu and nanoparticulate CuO species for the overall Cu uptake rate was insensitive to NOM type or concentration but largely determined by the percentage of CuO that dissolved. These findings highlight SUVA and aromaticity as key NOM properties affecting the dissolution kinetics and bioavailability of soluble metal-based nanomaterials in organic-rich waters. These properties could be used in the incorporation of dissolution kinetics into predictive models for environmental risks of nanomaterials.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6b04672","usgsCitation":"Jiang, C., Castellon, B.T., Matson, C., Aiken, G.R., and Hsu-Kim, H., 2017, Relative contributions of copper oxide nanoparticles and dissolved copper to Cu uptake kinetics of Gulf killifish (Fundulus grandis) embryos: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 51, no. 3, p. 1395-1404, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b04672.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1395","endPage":"1404","ipdsId":"IP-080135","costCenters":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343831,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596886a0e4b0d1f9f05f5992","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jiang, Chuanjia","contributorId":194659,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jiang","given":"Chuanjia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Castellon, Benjamin T.","contributorId":194660,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Castellon","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":704920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Matson, Cole W.","contributorId":141222,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Matson","given":"Cole W.","affiliations":[{"id":13716,"text":"Baylor University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":1322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":704922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hsu-Kim, Heileen","contributorId":49041,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hsu-Kim","given":"Heileen","affiliations":[{"id":12643,"text":"Duke University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":704923,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70187204,"text":"70187204 - 2017 - Accurate aging of juvenile salmonids using fork lengths","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-26T12:54:27","indexId":"70187204","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1661,"text":"Fisheries Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Accurate aging of juvenile salmonids using fork lengths","docAbstract":"<p><span>Juvenile salmon life history strategies, survival, and habitat interactions may vary by age cohort. However, aging individual juvenile fish using scale reading is time consuming and can be error prone. Fork length data are routinely measured while sampling juvenile salmonids. We explore the performance of aging juvenile fish based solely on fork length data, using finite Gaussian mixture models to describe multimodal size distributions and estimate optimal age-discriminating length thresholds. Fork length-based ages are compared against a validation set of juvenile coho salmon, </span><i>Oncorynchus kisutch</i><span>, aged by scales. Results for juvenile coho salmon indicate greater than 95% accuracy can be achieved by aging fish using length thresholds estimated from mixture models. Highest accuracy is achieved when aged fish are compared to length thresholds generated from samples from the same drainage, time of year, and habitat type (lentic versus lotic), although relatively high aging accuracy can still be achieved when thresholds are extrapolated to fish from populations in different years or drainages. Fork length-based aging thresholds are applicable for taxa for which multiple age cohorts coexist sympatrically. Where applicable, the method of aging individual fish is relatively quick to implement and can avoid ager interpretation bias common in scale-based aging.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2016.09.012","usgsCitation":"Sethi, S., Gerken, J., and Ashline, J., 2017, Accurate aging of juvenile salmonids using fork lengths: Fisheries Research, v. 185, p. 161-168, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2016.09.012.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"168","ipdsId":"IP-077073","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470171,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2016.09.012","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":340459,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"185","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5901b1bae4b0c2e071a99b92","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sethi, Suresh 0000-0002-0053-1827 ssethi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0053-1827","contributorId":191424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sethi","given":"Suresh","email":"ssethi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693014,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gerken, Jonathon","contributorId":191437,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gerken","given":"Jonathon","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ashline, Joshua","contributorId":191438,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ashline","given":"Joshua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70189600,"text":"70189600 - 2017 - The waterfall paradox: How knickpoints disconnect hillslope and channel processes, isolating salmonid populations in ideal habitats","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-18T12:36:02","indexId":"70189600","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The waterfall paradox: How knickpoints disconnect hillslope and channel processes, isolating salmonid populations in ideal habitats","docAbstract":"<p><span>Waterfalls create barriers to fish migration, yet hundreds of isolated salmonid populations exist above barriers and have persisted for thousands of years in steep mountainous terrain. Ecological theory indicates that small isolated populations in disturbance-prone landscapes are at greatest risk of extirpation because immigration and recolonization are not possible. On the contrary, many above-barrier populations are currently thriving while their downstream counterparts are dwindling. This quandary led us to explore geomorphic knickpoints as a mechanism for disconnecting hillslope and channel processes by limiting channel incision and decreasing the pace of base-level lowering. Using LiDAR from the Oregon Coast Range, we found gentler channel gradients, wider valleys, lower gradient hillslopes, and less shallow landslide potential in an above-barrier catchment compared to a neighboring catchment devoid of persistent knickpoints. Based on this unique geomorphic template, above-barrier channel networks are less prone to debris flows and other episodic sediment fluxes. These above-barrier catchments also have greater resiliency to flooding, owing to wider valleys with greater floodplain connectivity. Habitat preference models further indicate that salmonid habitat is present in greater quantity and quality in these above-barrier networks. Therefore the paradox of the persistence of small isolated fish populations may be facilitated by a geomorphic mechanism that both limits their connectivity to larger fish populations yet dampens the effect of disturbance by decreasing connections between hillslope and channel processes above geomorphic knickpoints.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.03.029","usgsCitation":"May, C., Roering, J., Snow, K., Griswold, K., and Gresswell, R.E., 2017, The waterfall paradox: How knickpoints disconnect hillslope and channel processes, isolating salmonid populations in ideal habitats: Geomorphology, v. 277, p. 228-236, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.03.029.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"228","endPage":"236","ipdsId":"IP-066828","costCenters":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":343992,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"277","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"596f1e26e4b0d1f9f0640763","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"May, Christine","contributorId":99619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"May","given":"Christine","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roering, Joshua J.","contributorId":194297,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roering","given":"Joshua J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Snow, Kyle","contributorId":194786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Snow","given":"Kyle","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Griswold, Kitty","contributorId":194787,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Griswold","given":"Kitty","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":705366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gresswell, Robert E. 0000-0003-0063-855X bgresswell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0063-855X","contributorId":147914,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gresswell","given":"Robert","email":"bgresswell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70195638,"text":"70195638 - 2017 - Forest restoration at Redwood National Park: exploring prescribed fire alternatives to second-growth management: a case study","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T11:35:51","indexId":"70195638","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":32,"text":"General Technical Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"PSW-GTR-258","title":"Forest restoration at Redwood National Park: exploring prescribed fire alternatives to second-growth management: a case study","docAbstract":"Almost half of Redwood National Park is comprised of second-growth forests characterized by high stand density, deficient redwood composition, and low understory biodiversity. Typical structure of young redwood stands impedes the recovery of old-growth conditions, such as dominance of redwood (Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl.), distinct canopy layers and diverse understory vegetation. Young forests are commonly comprised of dense, even-aged Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) and redwood stump sprouts, with simple canopy structure and little understory development. Moreover, many of these young stands are believed to be vulnerable to disturbance in the form of drought, disease and fire.\n\nSilvicultural practices are increasingly being employed by conservation agencies to restore degraded forests throughout the coast redwood range; however, prescribed fire treatments are less common and potentially under-utilized as a restoration tool. We present an early synthesis from three separate management-scale prescribed fire projects at Redwood National Park spanning 1to 7 years post-treatment. Low intensity prescribed fire had minimal effect on overstory structure, with some mortality observed in trees smaller than 30 cm diameter. Moderate to high intensity fire may be required to reduce densities of larger Douglas-fir, the primary competitor of redwood in the Park’s second growth forests. Fine woody surface fuels fully recovered by 7 years post-burn, while recruitment of larger surface fuels was quite variable. Managers of coastal redwood ecosystems will benefit by having a variety of tools at their disposal for forest restoration and management.","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Coast redwood science symposium—2016: Past successes and future direction","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Forest Service","usgsCitation":"Engber, E., Teraoka, J., and van Mantgem, P.J., 2017, Forest restoration at Redwood National Park: exploring prescribed fire alternatives to second-growth management: a case study: General Technical Report PSW-GTR-258, 12 p.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"86","ipdsId":"IP-080662","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":352071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":351958,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.fs.usda.gov/treesearch/pubs/55413"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Redwood National Park","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee8ebe4b0da30c1bfc4da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engber, Eamon","contributorId":202777,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Engber","given":"Eamon","affiliations":[{"id":36189,"text":"National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Teraoka, Jason","contributorId":131056,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Teraoka","given":"Jason","affiliations":[{"id":6924,"text":"National Park Service, Upper Columbia Basin Network","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":729523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"van Mantgem, Phillip J. 0000-0002-3068-9422 pvanmantgem@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-9422","contributorId":2838,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Mantgem","given":"Phillip","email":"pvanmantgem@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":729521,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70192670,"text":"70192670 - 2017 - Post-rift magmatic evolution of the eastern North American “passive-aggressive” margin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T13:55:13","indexId":"70192670","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1757,"text":"Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-rift magmatic evolution of the eastern North American “passive-aggressive” margin","docAbstract":"<p><span>Understanding the evolution of passive margins requires knowledge of temporal and chemical constraints on magmatism following the transition from supercontinent to rifting, to post-rifting evolution. The Eastern North American Margin (ENAM) is an ideal study location as several magmatic pulses occurred in the 200 My following rifting. In particular, the Virginia-West Virginia region of the ENAM has experienced two postrift magmatic pulses at ∼152 Ma and 47 Ma, and thus provides a unique opportunity to study the long-term magmatic evolution of passive margins. Here we present a comprehensive set of geochemical data that includes new&nbsp;</span><sup>40</sup><span>Ar/</span><sup>39</sup><span>Ar ages, major and trace-element compositions, and analysis of radiogenic isotopes to further constrain their magmatic history. The Late Jurassic volcanics are bimodal, from basanites to phonolites, while the Eocene volcanics range from picrobasalt to rhyolite. Modeling suggests that the felsic volcanics from both the Late Jurassic and Eocene events are consistent with fractional crystallization. Sr-Nd-Pb systematics for the Late Jurassic event suggests HIMU and EMII components in the magma source that we interpret as upper mantle components rather than crustal interaction. Lithospheric delamination is the best hypothesis for magmatism in Virginia/West Virginia, due to tectonic instabilities that are remnant from the long-term evolution of this margin, resulting in a “passive-aggressive” margin that records multiple magmatic events long after rifting ended.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2016GC006646","usgsCitation":"Mazza, S.E., Gazel, E., Johnson, E.A., Bizmis, M., McAleer, R., and Biryol, C.B., 2017, Post-rift magmatic evolution of the eastern North American “passive-aggressive” margin: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 18, no. 1, p. 3-22, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016GC006646.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"22","ipdsId":"IP-079810","costCenters":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349550,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -79.6667,\n              38.1667\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.6667,\n              38.1667\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.6667,\n              38.6667\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.6667,\n              38.6667\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.6667,\n              38.1667\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"18","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fc3de4b06e28e9c23bff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mazza, Sarah E. 0000-0001-8091-1186","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8091-1186","contributorId":198664,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mazza","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gazel, Esteban","contributorId":192876,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gazel","given":"Esteban","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Johnson, Elizabeth A. 0000-0001-7244-6122","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7244-6122","contributorId":198665,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bizmis, Michael 0000-0002-4611-6928","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4611-6928","contributorId":198666,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bizmis","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"McAleer, Ryan J. 0000-0003-3801-7441 rmcaleer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3801-7441","contributorId":5301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAleer","given":"Ryan J.","email":"rmcaleer@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":716689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Biryol, C. Berk","contributorId":198667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Biryol","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"Berk","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716694,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70179853,"text":"70179853 - 2017 - Human footprint affects US carbon balance more than climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-19T16:06:14","indexId":"70179853","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Human footprint affects US carbon balance more than climate change","docAbstract":"<p><span>The MC2 model projects an overall increase in carbon capture in conterminous United States during the 21st century while also simulating a rise in fire causing much carbon loss. Carbon sequestration in soils is critical to prevent carbon losses from future disturbances, and we show that natural ecosystems store more carbon belowground than managed systems do. Natural and human-caused disturbances affect soil processes that shape ecosystem recovery and competitive interactions between native, exotics, and climate refugees. Tomorrow's carbon budgets will depend on how land use, natural disturbances, and climate variability will interact and affect the balance between carbon capture and release.</span></p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.09770-0","usgsCitation":"Bachelet, D., Ferschweiler, K., Sheehan, T., Baker, B., Sleeter, B.M., and Zhu, Z., 2017, Human footprint affects US carbon balance more than climate change, chap. <i>of</i> Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.09770-0.","ipdsId":"IP-083251","costCenters":[{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":333485,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5881ded3e4b01192927d9f79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bachelet, Dominique","contributorId":178454,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bachelet","given":"Dominique","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferschweiler, Ken","contributorId":127604,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferschweiler","given":"Ken","affiliations":[{"id":7074,"text":"Conservation Biology Institute, Covallis OR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":658957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sheehan, Tim","contributorId":178455,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sheehan","given":"Tim","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Baker, Barry","contributorId":178456,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Barry","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":658959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sleeter, Benjamin M. 0000-0003-2371-9571 bsleeter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-9571","contributorId":3479,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sleeter","given":"Benjamin","email":"bsleeter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":657,"text":"Western Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Zhu, Zhiliang 0000-0002-6860-6936 zzhu@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936","contributorId":150078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhu","given":"Zhiliang","email":"zzhu@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":505,"text":"Office of the AD Climate and Land-Use Change","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":411,"text":"National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5055,"text":"Land Change Science","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":658960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70189668,"text":"70189668 - 2017 - Mercury bioaccumulation in estuarine fishes: Novel insights from sulfur stable isotopes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T17:03:21","indexId":"70189668","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury bioaccumulation in estuarine fishes: Novel insights from sulfur stable isotopes","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estuaries are transitional habitats characterized by complex biogeochemical and ecological gradients that result in substantial variation in fish total mercury concentrations (THg). We leveraged these gradients and used carbon (δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C), nitrogen (δ</span><sup>15</sup><span>N), and sulfur (δ</span><sup>34</sup><span>S) stable isotopes to examine the ecological and biogeochemical processes underlying THg bioaccumulation in fishes from the San Francisco Bay Estuary. We employed a tiered approach that first examined processes influencing variation in fish THg among wetlands, and subsequently examined the roles of habitat and within-wetland processes in generating larger-scale patterns in fish THg. We found that δ</span><sup>34</sup><span>S, an indicator of sulfate reduction and habitat specific-foraging, was correlated with fish THg at all three spatial scales. Over the observed ranges of δ</span><sup>34</sup><span>S, THg concentrations in fish increased by up to 860% within wetlands, 560% among wetlands, and 291% within specific impounded wetland habitats. In contrast, δ</span><sup>13</sup><span>C and δ</span><sup>15</sup><span>N were not correlated with THg among wetlands and were only important in low salinity impounded wetlands, possibly reflecting more diverse food webs in this habitat. Together, our results highlight the key roles of sulfur biogeochemistry and ecology in influencing estuarine fish THg, as well as the importance of fish ecology and habitat in modulating the relationships between biogeochemical processes and Hg bioaccumulation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6b05325","usgsCitation":"Willacker, J.J., Eagles-Smith, C.A., and Ackerman, J., 2017, Mercury bioaccumulation in estuarine fishes: Novel insights from sulfur stable isotopes: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 51, no. 4, p. 2131-2139, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b05325.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"2131","endPage":"2139","ipdsId":"IP-080770","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":344071,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay Estuary","volume":"51","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59706fb6e4b0d1f9f065a88a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Willacker, James J. jwillacker@usgs.gov","contributorId":5614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willacker","given":"James","email":"jwillacker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705690,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":705691,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":705692,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70193154,"text":"70193154 - 2017 - A network model framework for prioritizing wetland conservation in the Great Plains","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-20T16:32:30","indexId":"70193154","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2602,"text":"Landscape Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A network model framework for prioritizing wetland conservation in the Great Plains","docAbstract":"<div id=\"ASec1\" class=\"AbstractSection\"><p class=\"Heading\"><strong>Context</strong></p><p id=\"Par1\" class=\"Para\">Playa wetlands are the primary habitat for numerous wetland-dependent species in the Southern Great Plains of North America. Plant and wildlife populations that inhabit these wetlands are reciprocally linked through the dispersal of individuals, propagules and ultimately genes among local populations.</p></div><div id=\"ASec2\" class=\"AbstractSection\"><p class=\"Heading\"><strong>Objective</strong></p><p id=\"Par2\" class=\"Para\">To develop and implement a framework using network models for conceptualizing, representing and analyzing potential biological flows among 48,981 spatially discrete playa wetlands in the Southern Great Plains.</p></div><div id=\"ASec3\" class=\"AbstractSection\"><p class=\"Heading\"><strong>Methods</strong></p><p id=\"Par3\" class=\"Para\">We examined changes in connectivity patterns and assessed the relative importance of wetlands to maintaining these patterns by targeting wetlands for removal based on network centrality metrics weighted by estimates of habitat quality and probability of inundation.</p></div><div id=\"ASec4\" class=\"AbstractSection\"><p class=\"Heading\"><strong>Results</strong></p><p id=\"Par4\" class=\"Para\">We identified several distinct, broad-scale sub networks and phase transitions among playa wetlands in the Southern Plains. In particular, for organisms that can disperse<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"EmphasisTypeUnderline \">&gt;</span>2&nbsp;km a dense and expansive wetland sub network emerges in the Southern High Plains. This network was characterized by localized, densely connected wetland clusters at link distances (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">h</i>) &gt;2&nbsp;km but &lt;5&nbsp;km and was most sensitive to changes in wetland availability (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">p</i>) and configuration when<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">h</i>&nbsp;=&nbsp;4&nbsp;km, and<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">p</i>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.2–0.4. It transitioned to a single, large connected wetland system at broader spatial scales even when the proportion of inundated wetland was relatively low (<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">p</i>&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.2).</p></div><div id=\"ASec5\" class=\"AbstractSection\"><p class=\"Heading\"><strong>Conclusions</strong></p><p id=\"Par5\" class=\"Para\">Our findings suggest that redundancy in the potential for broad and fine-scale movements insulates this system from damage and facilitates system-wide connectivity among populations with different dispersal capacities.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10980-016-0436-0","usgsCitation":"Albanese, G., and Haukos, D.A., 2017, A network model framework for prioritizing wetland conservation in the Great Plains: Landscape Ecology, v. 32, no. 1, p. 115-130, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-016-0436-0.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"130","ipdsId":"IP-066948","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":349165,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -104.666748046875,\n              31.868227816180674\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.14013671875,\n              31.868227816180674\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.14013671875,\n              35.27253175660236\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.666748046875,\n              35.27253175660236\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.666748046875,\n              31.868227816180674\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-22","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fc3de4b06e28e9c23bfc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Albanese, Gene","contributorId":200245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Albanese","given":"Gene","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haukos, David A. 0000-0001-5372-9960 dhaukos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-9960","contributorId":3664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haukos","given":"David","email":"dhaukos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718102,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70187008,"text":"70187008 - 2017 - Mudflat morphodynamics and the impact of sea level rise in South San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-19T10:44:36","indexId":"70187008","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1584,"text":"Estuaries and Coasts","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mudflat morphodynamics and the impact of sea level rise in South San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"<p><span>Estuarine tidal mudflats form unique habitats and maintain valuable ecosystems. Historic measurements of a mudflat in San Fancsico Bay over the past 150&nbsp;years suggest the development of a rather stable mudflat profile. This raises questions on its origin and governing processes as well as on the mudflats’ fate under scenarios of sea level rise and decreasing sediment supply. We developed a 1D morphodynamic profile model (Delft3D) that is able to reproduce the 2011 measured mudflat profile. The main, schematised, forcings of the model are a constant tidal cycle and constant wave action. The model shows that wave action suspends sediment that is transported landward during flood. A depositional front moves landward until landward bed levels are high enough to carry an equal amount of sediment back during ebb. This implies that, similar to observations, the critical shear stress for erosion is regularly exceeded during the tidal cycle and that modelled equilibrium conditions include high suspended sediment concentrations at the mudflat. Shear stresses are highest during low water, while shear stresses are lower than critical (and highest at the landward end) along the mudflat during high water. Scenarios of sea level rise and decreasing sediment supply drown the mudflat. In addition, the mudflat becomes more prone to channel incision because landward accumulation is hampered. This research suggests that sea level rise is a serious threat to the presence of many estuarine intertidal mudflats, adjacent salt marshes and their associated ecological values.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s12237-016-0129-6","usgsCitation":"Van der Wegen, M., Jaffe, B.E., Foxgrover, A.C., and Roelvink, D., 2017, Mudflat morphodynamics and the impact of sea level rise in South San Francisco Bay: Estuaries and Coasts, v. 40, no. 1, p. 37-49, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-016-0129-6.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"37","endPage":"49","ipdsId":"IP-082490","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470173,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12237-016-0129-6","text":"External Repository"},{"id":339935,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"South San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.19612121582031,\n              37.41325496791442\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.91734313964844,\n              37.41325496791442\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.91734313964844,\n              37.56580695492944\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.19612121582031,\n              37.56580695492944\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.19612121582031,\n              37.41325496791442\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-08-12","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58f877ade4b0b7ea54521c00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van der Wegen, Mick","contributorId":191095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van der Wegen","given":"Mick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":691859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jaffe, Bruce E. 0000-0002-8816-5920 bjaffe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-5920","contributorId":2049,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jaffe","given":"Bruce","email":"bjaffe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Foxgrover, Amy C. 0000-0003-0638-5776 afoxgrover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0638-5776","contributorId":3261,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foxgrover","given":"Amy","email":"afoxgrover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":691860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roelvink, Dano","contributorId":139950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roelvink","given":"Dano","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13328,"text":"UNESCO-IHE","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":691861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70195834,"text":"70195834 - 2017 - A global analysis of traits predicting species sensitivity to habitat fragmentation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-06T11:55:14","indexId":"70195834","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1839,"text":"Global Ecology and Biogeography","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A global analysis of traits predicting species sensitivity to habitat fragmentation","docAbstract":"<p><strong>Aim</strong></p><p>Elucidating patterns in species responses to habitat fragmentation is an important focus of ecology and conservation, but studies are often geographically restricted, taxonomically narrow or use indirect measures of species vulnerability. We investigated predictors of species presence after fragmentation using data from studies around the world that included all four terrestrial vertebrate classes, thus allowing direct inter-taxonomic comparison.</p><p><strong>Location</strong></p><p>World-wide.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong></p><p>We used generalized linear mixed-effect models in an information theoretic framework to assess the factors that explained species presence in remnant habitat patches (3342 patches; 1559 species, mostly birds; and 65,695 records of patch-specific presence–absence). We developed a novel metric of fragmentation sensitivity, defined as the maximum rate of change in probability of presence with changing patch size (‘Peak Change’), to distinguish between general rarity on the landscape and sensitivity to fragmentation per se.</p><p><strong>Results</strong></p><p>Size of remnant habitat patches was the most important driver of species presence. Across all classes, habitat specialists, carnivores and larger species had a lower probability of presence, and those effects were substantially modified by interactions. Sensitivity to fragmentation (measured by Peak Change) was influenced primarily by habitat type and specialization, but also by fecundity, life span and body mass. Reptiles were more sensitive than other classes. Grassland species had a lower probability of presence, though sample size was relatively small, but forest and shrubland species were more sensitive.</p><p><strong>Main conclusions</strong></p><p>Habitat relationships were more important than life-history characteristics in predicting the effects of fragmentation. Habitat specialization increased sensitivity to fragmentation and interacted with class and habitat type; forest specialists and habitat-specific reptiles were particularly sensitive to fragmentation. Our results suggest that when conservationists are faced with disturbances that could fragment habitat they should pay particular attention to specialists, particularly reptiles. Further, our results highlight that the probability of presence in fragmented landscapes and true sensitivity to fragmentation are predicted by different factors.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/geb.12509","usgsCitation":"Keinath, D., Doak, D.F., Hodges, K.E., Prugh, L.R., Fagan, W., Sekercioglu, C., Buchart, S.H., and Kauffman, M., 2017, A global analysis of traits predicting species sensitivity to habitat fragmentation: Global Ecology and Biogeography, v. 26, no. 1, p. 115-127, https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12509.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"127","ipdsId":"IP-065257","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12509","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":352265,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-09-23","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5afee8ebe4b0da30c1bfc4d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Keinath, Douglas","contributorId":12747,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keinath","given":"Douglas","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doak, Daniel F.","contributorId":46811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doak","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730341,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hodges, Karen E.","contributorId":202978,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hodges","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730342,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Prugh, Laura R. 0000-0001-9045-3107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9045-3107","contributorId":196572,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Prugh","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":13194,"text":"School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":730343,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fagan, William F.","contributorId":108239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fagan","given":"William F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730344,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sekercioglu, Cagan H.","contributorId":202979,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sekercioglu","given":"Cagan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730345,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Buchart, Stuart H. M.","contributorId":202980,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buchart","given":"Stuart","email":"","middleInitial":"H. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":730346,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kauffman, Matthew J. 0000-0003-0127-3900 mkauffman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0127-3900","contributorId":189179,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kauffman","given":"Matthew J.","email":"mkauffman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":506,"text":"Office of the AD Ecosystems","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":730218,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}}
,{"id":70187262,"text":"70187262 - 2017 - An integrated moral obligation model for landowner conservation norms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-27T11:10:16","indexId":"70187262","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3404,"text":"Society & Natural Resources: An International Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An integrated moral obligation model for landowner conservation norms","docAbstract":"<p><span>This study applies an integrated moral obligation model to examine the role of environmental and cultural values, and beliefs in the activation of landowner conservation norms. Data for this study were collected through a self-administered survey of riparian landowners in two Minnesota watersheds: Sand Creek and Vermillion River watersheds. Study findings suggest that collectivistic and biospheric–altruistic values form the bases for the activation of personal norms. Further, beliefs about local responsibility and ability to act influence personal norms to protect water resources. Findings suggest that landowners’ personal norms of water conservation are more likely to be activated by conservation strategies that appeal to biospheric–altruistic and collectivistic values, emphasize adverse consequences of water pollution, highlight water resource protection as a local responsibility, and provide the resources needed to protect water resources.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/08941920.2016.1239289","usgsCitation":"Pradhananga, A.K., Davenport, M.A., Fulton, D.C., Maruyama, G.M., and Current, D., 2017, An integrated moral obligation model for landowner conservation norms: Society & Natural Resources: An International Journal, v. 30, no. 2, p. 212-227, https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920.2016.1239289.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"212","endPage":"227","ipdsId":"IP-056505","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340498,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-10-31","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59030324e4b0e862d230f71d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pradhananga, Amit K.","contributorId":191478,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pradhananga","given":"Amit","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Davenport, Mae A.","contributorId":191479,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davenport","given":"Mae","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fulton, David C. 0000-0001-5763-7887 dcf@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5763-7887","contributorId":2208,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"David","email":"dcf@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":693120,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maruyama, Geoffrey M.","contributorId":191480,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maruyama","given":"Geoffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Current, Dean","contributorId":191481,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Current","given":"Dean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693182,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70194309,"text":"70194309 - 2017 - Climate changes and wildfire alter vegetation of Yellowstone National Park, but forest cover persists","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T11:44:21","indexId":"70194309","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Climate changes and wildfire alter vegetation of Yellowstone National Park, but forest cover persists","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present landscape simulation results contrasting effects of changing climates on forest vegetation and fire regimes in Yellowstone National Park, USA, by mid-21st century. We simulated potential changes to fire dynamics and forest characteristics under three future climate projections representing a range of potential future conditions using the FireBGCv2 model. Under the future climate scenarios with moderate warming (&gt;2°C) and moderate increases in precipitation (3–5%), model simulations resulted in 1.2–4.2 times more burned area, decreases in forest cover (10–44%), and reductions in basal area (14–60%). In these same scenarios, lodgepole pine (</span><i>Pinus contorta</i><span>) decreased in basal area (18–41%), while Douglas-fir (</span><i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i><span>) basal area increased (21–58%). Conversely, mild warming (&lt;2°C) coupled with&nbsp;greater increases in precipitation (12–13%) suggested an increase in forest cover and basal area by mid-century, with spruce and subalpine fir increasing in abundance. Overall, we found changes in forest tree species compositions were caused by the climate-mediated changes in fire regime (56–315% increase in annual area burned). Simulated changes in forest composition and fire regime under warming climates portray a landscape that shifts from lodgepole pine to Douglas-fir caused by the interaction between the magnitude and seasonality of future climate changes, by climate-induced changes in the frequency and intensity of wildfires, and by tree species response.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1636","usgsCitation":"Clark, J.A., Loehman, R.A., and Keane, R.E., 2017, Climate changes and wildfire alter vegetation of Yellowstone National Park, but forest cover persists: Ecosphere, v. 8, no. 1, e01636; 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1636.","productDescription":"e01636; 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-074562","costCenters":[{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":461809,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1636","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349270,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              44.44750680513074\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.3082275390625,\n              44.44750680513074\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.3082275390625,\n              44.99394031891056\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              44.99394031891056\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.0498046875,\n              44.44750680513074\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fc3ce4b06e28e9c23be4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Clark, Jason A.","contributorId":168604,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"Jason","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16761,"text":"Institute of Northern Engineering, University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loehman, Rachel A. 0000-0001-7680-1865 rloehman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-1865","contributorId":187605,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loehman","given":"Rachel","email":"rloehman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":118,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geography","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":723213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Keane, Robert E.","contributorId":200723,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keane","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6679,"text":"US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":723215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70192519,"text":"70192519 - 2017 - Mapping tree canopy cover in support of proactive prairie grouse conservation in western North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-26T13:39:12","indexId":"70192519","displayToPublicDate":"2017-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3228,"text":"Rangeland Ecology and Management","onlineIssn":"1551-5028","printIssn":"1550-7424","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping tree canopy cover in support of proactive prairie grouse conservation in western North America","docAbstract":"<p><span>Invasive woody plant expansion is a primary threat driving fragmentation&nbsp;and loss of sagebrush (<i>Artemisia</i></span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>spp.) and prairie habitats across the central and western United States. Expansion of native woody plants, including conifer (primarily<i><span> Juniperus</span></i></span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>spp.) and<span> mesquite (<i>Prosopis</i></span></span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>spp.), over the past century is primarily attributable to wildfire suppression, historic periods of intensive livestock grazing, and changes in climate. To guide successful conservation programs aimed at reducing top-down stressors, we mapped invasive woody plants at regional scales to evaluate landscape level impacts, target restoration actions, and monitor restoration outcomes. Our overarching goal was to produce seamless regional products across sociopolitical boundaries with resolution fine enough to depict the spatial extent and degree of woody plant invasion relevant to greater sage-grouse<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>(Centrocercus urophasianus)</i><span><span>&nbsp;</span>and lesser prairie-chicken<span>&nbsp;</span></span><i>(Tympanuchus pallidicinctus)</i><span>conservation efforts. We mapped<span> tree canopy</span><span>&nbsp;</span>cover at 1-m spatial resolution across an 11-state region (508 265 km</span><sup>2</sup><span>). Greater than 90% of occupied lesser prairie-chicken habitat was largely treeless for conifers (&lt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>1% canopy cover), whereas &gt; 67% was treeless for mesquite. Conifers in the higher canopy cover classes (16</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>−</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>50% and &gt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>50% canopy cover) were scarce (&lt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>2% and 1% canopy cover), as was mesquite (&lt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>5% and 1% canopy cover). Occupied habitat by sage-grouse was more variable but also had a relatively large proportion of treeless areas (</span><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math class=&quot;math&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mover accent=&quot;true&quot; is=&quot;true&quot;><mi is=&quot;true&quot;>x</mi><mo stretchy=&quot;true&quot; is=&quot;true&quot;>&amp;#x2212;</mo></mover></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">x−</span></span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>= 71, SE = 5%). Low to moderate levels of conifer cover (1</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>−</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>20%) were fewer (</span><span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math class=&quot;math&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mover accent=&quot;true&quot; is=&quot;true&quot;><mi is=&quot;true&quot;>x</mi><mo stretchy=&quot;true&quot; is=&quot;true&quot;>&amp;#x2212;</mo></mover></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">x−</span></span><span><span>&nbsp;</span>= 23, SE = 5%) as were areas in the highest cover class (&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>50%;<span>&nbsp;</span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Element-3-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math class=&quot;math&quot; xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mover accent=&quot;true&quot; is=&quot;true&quot;><mi is=&quot;true&quot;>x</mi><mo stretchy=&quot;true&quot; is=&quot;true&quot;>&amp;#x2212;</mo></mover></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">x−</span></span><span>= 6, SE = 2%). Mapping indicated that a high proportion of invading woody plants are at a low to intermediate level. Canopy cover maps for conifer and mesquite resulting from this study provide the first and most geographically complete, high-resolution assessment of woody<span> plant cover</span><span>&nbsp;</span>as a top-down threat to western sage-steppe and prairie ecosystems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.rama.2016.08.002","usgsCitation":"Falkowski, M.J., Evans, J.S., Naugle, D.E., Hagen, C.A., Carleton, S.A., Maestas, J.D., Henareh Khalyani, A., Poznanovic, A.J., and Lawrence, A.J., 2017, Mapping tree canopy cover in support of proactive prairie grouse conservation in western North America: Rangeland Ecology and Management, v. 70, no. 1, p. 15-24, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2016.08.002.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"24","ipdsId":"IP-073817","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":482068,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rama.2016.08.002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347477,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"70","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07e953e4b09af898c8cc11","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Falkowski, Michael J.","contributorId":198547,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Falkowski","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":171756,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Evans","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7041,"text":"The Nature Conservancy","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":716382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Naugle, David E.","contributorId":82837,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naugle","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hagen, Christian A.","contributorId":177795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hagen","given":"Christian","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Carleton, Scott A. 0000-0001-9609-650X scarleton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9609-650X","contributorId":4060,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carleton","given":"Scott","email":"scarleton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":716119,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Maestas, Jeremy D.","contributorId":117298,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maestas","given":"Jeremy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716385,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Henareh Khalyani, Azad","contributorId":194189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Henareh Khalyani","given":"Azad","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716386,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Poznanovic, Aaron J.","contributorId":198548,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Poznanovic","given":"Aaron","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716387,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Lawrence, Andrew J.","contributorId":198549,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":716388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}}
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