Between 2007 and 2008, seven Earthscope Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO) boreholes ranging in depth from about 200 to 800 feet deep were drilled in and adjacent to the Yellowstone caldera in Yellowstone National Park, for the purpose of installing volcano monitoring instrumentation. Five of the seven boreholes were equipped with strainmeters, downhole seismometers, and tiltmeters. Data collected during drilling included field observations of drill cuttings, stratigraphy within the boreholes, water temperature, and water and drill cuttings samples from selected depths.
\nSix of the seven boreholes encountered rhyolite lavas and tuffs. The rhyolite lavas compose the Canyon flow, the Gardner River flow, the Gibbon River flow, the Hayden Valley flow, the Nez Perce Creek flow, and the West Thumb flow. Boreholes also penetrated a vertical sequence through the Lava Creek Tuff and the Tuff of Bluff Point. In addition, one borehole drilled through a Swan Lake Flat Basalt sequence and terminated in a rhyolite lava flow.
\nAfter drilling the seven PBO boreholes, cuttings were examined and selected for preparation of grain mounts, thin sections, and geochemical analysis. Major ions and trace elements (including rare earth elements) of selected cuttings were determined by x-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); the ICP-MS provided more precise trace-element analysis than XRF. A preliminary interpretation of the results of geochemical analyses generally shows a correlation between borehole cuttings and previously mapped geology. The geochemical data and borehole stratigraphy presented in this report provide a foundation for future petrologic, geochemical, and geophysical studies.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161028","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Park Service, Yellowstone National Park, and Earthscope Plate Boundary Observatory","usgsCitation":"Jaworowski, C., Susong, D., Heasler, H., Mencin, D., Johnson, W., Conrey, R., and Von Stauffenberg, J., 2016,\nGeologic and geochemical results from boreholes drilled in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 2007 and 2008:\nU.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016-1028, 39 p. https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161028","productDescription":"Report: viii, 39 p.; 2 Appendixes","numberOfPages":"52","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-064084","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321191,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1028/ofr20161028.pdf","text":"Report","size":"4.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1028"},{"id":321192,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1028/ofr20161028_appendix01.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1","size":"74 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2016-1028 Appendix 1"},{"id":321193,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1028/ofr20161028_appendix02.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2","size":"35 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2016-1028 Appendix 2"},{"id":321190,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1028/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -110.93994140625,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -110.93994140625,\n 44.93758500391091\n ],\n [\n -110.0830078125,\n 44.93758500391091\n ],\n [\n -110.0830078125,\n 44.402391829093915\n ],\n [\n -110.93994140625,\n 44.402391829093915\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Utah Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2329 Orton Circle
Salt Lake City, Utah 84119-2047
http://ut.water.usgs.gov
Advances in spectroscopic techniques have led to an increase in the use of optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence) to assess dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition and infer sources and processing. However, little information is available to assess the impact of biological and photolytic processing on the optical properties of original DOM source materials. We measured changes in commonly used optical properties and indices in DOM leached from peat soil, plants, and algae following biological and photochemical degradation to determine whether they provide unique signatures that can be linked to original DOM source. Changes in individual optical parameters varied by source material and process, with biodegradation and photodegradation often causing values to shift in opposite directions. Although values for different source materials overlapped at the end of the 111-day lab experiment, multivariate statistical analyses showed that unique optical signatures could be linked to original DOM source material even after degradation, with 17 optical properties determined by discriminant analysis to be significant (p<0.05) in distinguishing between DOM source and environmental processing. These results demonstrate that inferring the source material from optical properties is possible when parameters are evaluated in combination even after extensive biological and photochemical alteration.
","language":"English","publisher":"Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography","doi":"10.1002/lno.10270","usgsCitation":"Hansen, A., Kraus, T.E., Pellerin, B., Fleck, J., Downing, B.D., and Bergamaschi, B.A., 2016, Optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM): Effects of biological and photolytic degradation: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 61, no. 3, p. 1015-1032, https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10270.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1015","endPage":"1032","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067952","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470942,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10270","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324503,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-10","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb5e4b07657d1a90d1d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, Angela 0000-0003-0938-7611 anhansen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0938-7611","contributorId":171551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"Angela","email":"anhansen@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kraus, Tamara E. C. 0000-0002-5187-8644 tkraus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-8644","contributorId":147560,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kraus","given":"Tamara","email":"tkraus@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E. C.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pellerin, Brian A. 0000-0003-3712-7884 bpeller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3712-7884","contributorId":147077,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pellerin","given":"Brian","email":"bpeller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fleck, Jacob 0000-0002-3217-3972 jafleck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3217-3972","contributorId":168694,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleck","given":"Jacob","email":"jafleck@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Downing, Bryan D. 0000-0002-2007-5304 bdowning@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-5304","contributorId":1449,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Downing","given":"Bryan","email":"bdowning@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637921,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bergamaschi, Brian A. 0000-0002-9610-5581 bbergama@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9610-5581","contributorId":140776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bergamaschi","given":"Brian","email":"bbergama@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":637922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70171121,"text":"70171121 - 2016 - Regional assessment of persistent organic pollutants in resident mussels from New Jersey and New York estuaries following Hurricane Sandy","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:32:44","indexId":"70171121","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional assessment of persistent organic pollutants in resident mussels from New Jersey and New York estuaries following Hurricane Sandy","docAbstract":"Resident mussels are effective indicators of ecosystem health and have been utilized in national assessment and monitoring studies for over two decades. Mussels were chosen because contaminant concentrations in their tissues respond to changes in ambient environmental levels, accumulation occurs with little metabolic transformation and a substantial amount of historic data were available. Mussels were collected from 10 previously studied locations approximately a year after Hurricane Sandy. Regionally, concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) decreased significantly, while concentrations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) remained unchanged, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) increased compared to historic concentrations. Although concentrations of PCBs, OCPs and PAHs were at or near record low concentrations, long-term trends did not change after Hurricane Sandy. To effectively measure storm-induced impacts it is necessary to understand the factors influencing changes in mussel body burdens and have a long-term monitoring network and an ability to mobilize post event.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.077","usgsCitation":"Smalling, K., Deshpande, A.D., Galbraith, H.S., Sharack, B., Timmons, D., and Baker, R.J., 2016, Regional assessment of persistent organic pollutants in resident mussels from New Jersey and New York estuaries following Hurricane Sandy: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 107, no. 2, p. 432-441, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.077.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"432","endPage":"441","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066943","costCenters":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470935,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.077","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324533,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey, New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.5587158203125,\n 39.41922073655956\n ],\n [\n -74.34997558593749,\n 39.317300373271024\n ],\n [\n -74.0313720703125,\n 39.76210275375137\n ],\n [\n -73.8446044921875,\n 40.48455955508278\n ],\n [\n -71.71875,\n 41.02135510866602\n ],\n [\n -71.91650390625,\n 41.18278832811288\n ],\n [\n -74.10827636718749,\n 40.62646106367355\n ],\n [\n -74.322509765625,\n 39.78321267821705\n ],\n [\n -74.5587158203125,\n 39.41922073655956\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"107","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb6e4b07657d1a90d40","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smalling, Kelly L. 0000-0002-1214-4920 ksmall@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1214-4920","contributorId":149769,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalling","given":"Kelly L. 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Along with lake drawdown, these processes often boost aquatic chemical concentrations, potentially impacting trophic dynamics. In particular, elevated chemical levels may impact primary productivity, which may in turn influence populations of primary and secondary consumers. We examined trophic dynamics of 18 shrinking lakes of the Yukon Flats, Alaska, that had experienced pronounced increases in nutrient (>200 % total nitrogen, >100 % total phosphorus) and ion concentrations (>100 % for four major ions combined) from 1985-1989 to 2010-2012, versus 37 stable lakes with relatively little chemical change over the same period. We found that phytoplankton stocks, as indexed by chlorophyll concentrations, remained unchanged in both shrinking and stable lakes from the 1980s to 2010s. Moving up the trophic ladder, we found significant changes in invertebrate abundance across decades, including decreased abundance of five of six groups examined. However, these decadal losses in invertebrate abundance were not limited to shrinking lakes, occurring in lakes with stable surface areas as well. At the top of the food web, we observed that probabilities of lake occupancy for ten waterbird species, including adults and chicks, remained unchanged from the period 1985-1989 to 2010-2012. Overall, our study lakes displayed a high degree of resilience to multi-trophic cascades caused by rising chemical concentrations. This resilience was likely due to their naturally high fertility, such that further nutrient inputs had little impact on waters already near peak production.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s00442-016-3572-y","usgsCitation":"Lewis, T., Lindberg, M.S., Schmutz, J.A., Heglund, P., Schmidt, J.H., Dubour, A.J., Rover, J.R., and Bertram, M.R., 2016, Trophic dynamics of shrinking Subarctic lakes: naturally eutrophic waters impart resilience to rising nutrient and major ion concentrations: Oecologia, v. 181, no. 2, p. 583-596, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-016-3572-y.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"583","endPage":"596","ipdsId":"IP-065514","costCenters":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332674,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Yukon Flats","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -141.064453125,\n 68.13885164925573\n ],\n [\n -152.4462890625,\n 66.8265202749748\n ],\n [\n -155.17089843749997,\n 66.17826596326798\n ],\n [\n -154.775390625,\n 64.92354174306496\n ],\n [\n -140.9765625,\n 63.13450320833446\n ],\n [\n -141.064453125,\n 68.13885164925573\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"181","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"586781f8e4b0cd2dabe7c71d","chorus":{"doi":"10.1007/s00442-016-3572-y","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-016-3572-y","publisher":"Springer Nature","authors":"Lewis Tyler L., Heglund Patricia J., Lindberg Mark S., Schmutz Joel A., Schmidt Joshua H., Dubour Adam J., Rover Jennifer, Bertram Mark R.","journalName":"Oecologia","publicationDate":"2/8/2016","auditedOn":"8/1/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"2/8/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, Tyler 0000-0002-4998-3031 tlewis@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4998-3031","contributorId":169307,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Tyler","email":"tlewis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lindberg, Mark S.","contributorId":63292,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lindberg","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":7211,"text":"University of Alaska, Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":657034,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schmutz, Joel A. 0000-0002-6516-0836 jschmutz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0836","contributorId":1805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schmutz","given":"Joel","email":"jschmutz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":657021,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Heglund, Patricia J.","contributorId":51248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heglund","given":"Patricia J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657035,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schmidt, Joshua H.","contributorId":177786,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schmidt","given":"Joshua","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657036,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Dubour, Adam J.","contributorId":140464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dubour","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657037,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Rover, Jennifer R. 0000-0002-3437-4030 jrover@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3437-4030","contributorId":2941,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rover","given":"Jennifer","email":"jrover@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657038,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Bertram, Mark R.","contributorId":140463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bertram","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":657039,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70179056,"text":"70179056 - 2016 - Development and use of mathematical models and software frameworks for integrated analysis of agricultural systems and associated water use impacts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-15T15:47:50","indexId":"70179056","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5237,"text":"AIMS Agriculture and Food","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development and use of mathematical models and software frameworks for integrated analysis of agricultural systems and associated water use impacts","docAbstract":"The development of appropriate water management strategies requires, in part, a methodology for quantifying and evaluating the impact of water policy decisions on regional stakeholders. In this work, we describe the framework we are developing to enhance the body of resources available to policy makers, farmers, and other community members in their e orts to understand, quantify, and assess the often competing objectives water consumers have with respect to usage. The foundation for the framework is the construction of a simulation-based optimization software tool using two existing software packages. In particular, we couple a robust optimization software suite (DAKOTA) with the USGS MF-OWHM water management simulation tool to provide a flexible software environment that will enable the evaluation of one or multiple (possibly competing) user-defined (or stakeholder) objectives. We introduce the individual software components and outline the communication strategy we defined for the coupled development. We present numerical results for case studies related to crop portfolio management with several defined objectives. The objectives are not optimally satisfied for any single user class, demonstrating the capability of the software tool to aid in the evaluation of a variety of competing interests.
","language":"English","publisher":"AIMS Press","doi":"10.3934/agrfood.2016.2.208","usgsCitation":"Fowler, K.R., Jenkins, E., Parno, M., Chrispell, J., Colon, A.I., and Hanson, R.T., 2016, Development and use of mathematical models and software frameworks for integrated analysis of agricultural systems and associated water use impacts: AIMS Agriculture and Food, v. 1, no. 2, p. 208-226, https://doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2016.2.208.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"208","endPage":"226","ipdsId":"IP-072839","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470950,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3934/agrfood.2016.2.208","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":332193,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"1","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5853ba42e4b0e2663625f2c0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fowler, K. R.","contributorId":177462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fowler","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jenkins, E.W.","contributorId":177463,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jenkins","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parno, M.","contributorId":177464,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Parno","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chrispell, J.C.","contributorId":177465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chrispell","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Colon, A. I.","contributorId":177466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colon","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hanson, Randall T. 0000-0002-9819-7141 rthanson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9819-7141","contributorId":801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"Randall","email":"rthanson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":655889,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70176579,"text":"70176579 - 2016 - Ecology and control of an introduced population of Southern Watersnakes (Nerodia fasciata) in southern California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-21T16:11:07","indexId":"70176579","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1892,"text":"Herpetologica","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ecology and control of an introduced population of Southern Watersnakes (Nerodia fasciata) in southern California","docAbstract":"Native to the southeastern United States, Southern Watersnakes (Nerodia fasciata) are known from two sites in California, but their ecological impacts are poorly understood. We investigated the ecology of Southern Watersnakes in Machado Lake, Harbor City, Los Angeles County, California, including an assessment of control opportunities. We captured 306 watersnakes as a result of aquatic trapping and hand captures. We captured snakes of all sizes (162–1063 mm snout–vent length [SVL], 3.5–873.3 g), demonstrating the existence of a well-established population. The smallest reproductive female was 490 mm SVL and females contained 12–46 postovulatory embryos (mean = 21). Small watersnakes largely consumed introduced Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), while larger snakes specialized on larval and metamorph American Bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) and Green Sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus). Overall capture per unit effort (CPUE) in traps declined with time during an intensive 76-d trapping bout, but CPUE trends varied considerably among traplines and it is unlikely that the overall decline in CPUE represented a major decrease in the snake population size. Although we found no direct evidence that Southern Watersnakes are affecting native species in Machado Lake, this population may serve as a source for intentional or unintentional transportation of watersnakes to bodies of water containing imperiled native prey species or potential competitors.
","language":"English","publisher":"Chicago Academy of Sciences","doi":"10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-14-00061","usgsCitation":"Reed, R., Todd, B.D., Miano, O.J., Canfield, M., Fisher, R.N., and McMartin, L., 2016, Ecology and control of an introduced population of Southern Watersnakes (Nerodia fasciata) in southern California: Herpetologica, v. 72, no. 2, p. 130-136, https://doi.org/10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-14-00061.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"130","endPage":"136","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070595","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328835,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Harbor City","otherGeospatial":"Machado Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n 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Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649236,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Miano, Oliver J.","contributorId":174773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Miano","given":"Oliver","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649237,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Canfield, Mark","contributorId":174774,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Canfield","given":"Mark","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27512,"text":"Biologist","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Fisher, Robert N. 0000-0002-2956-3240 rfisher@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2956-3240","contributorId":1529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Robert","email":"rfisher@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McMartin, Louanne","contributorId":174775,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McMartin","given":"Louanne","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70168588,"text":"70168588 - 2016 - Enhancing drought resilience with conjunctive use and managed aquifer recharge in California and Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-09-13T13:55:04","indexId":"70168588","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1562,"text":"Environmental Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Enhancing drought resilience with conjunctive use and managed aquifer recharge in California and Arizona","docAbstract":"Projected longer‐term droughts and intense floods underscore the need to store more water to manage climate extremes. Here we show how depleted aquifers have been used to store water by substituting surface water use for groundwater pumpage (conjunctive use, CU) or recharging groundwater with surface water (Managed Aquifer Recharge, MAR). Unique multi‐decadal monitoring from thousands of wells and regional modeling datasets for the California Central Valley and central Arizona were used to assess CU and MAR. In addition to natural reservoir capacity related to deep water tables, historical groundwater depletion further expanded aquifer storage by ~44 km3 in the Central Valley and by ~100 km3 in Arizona, similar to or exceeding current surface reservoir capacity by up to three times. Local river water and imported surface water, transported through 100s of km of canals, is substituted for groundwater (≤15 km3/yr, CU) or is used to recharge groundwater (MAR, ≤1.5 km3/yr) during wet years shifting to mostly groundwater pumpage during droughts. In the Central Valley, CU and MAR locally reversed historically declining water‐level trends, which contrasts with simulated net regional groundwater depletion. In Arizona, CU and MAR also reversed historically declining groundwater level trends in Active Management Areas. These rising trends contrast with current declining trends in irrigated areas that lack access to surface water to support CU or MAR. Use of depleted aquifers as reservoirs could expand with winter flood irrigation or capturing flood discharges to the Pacific (0 – 1.6 km3/yr, 2000–2014) with additional infrastructure in California. Because flexibility and expanded portfolio options translate to resilience, CU and MAR enhance drought resilience through multi‐year storage, complementing shorter term surface reservoir storage, and facilitating water markets.
","language":"English","publisher":"IOP Publishing","doi":"10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/049501","usgsCitation":"Scanlon, B., Reedy, R., Faunt, C., Pool, D.R., and Uhlman, K., 2016, Enhancing drought resilience with conjunctive use and managed aquifer recharge in California and Arizona: Environmental Research Letters, v. 11, no. 3, Article 035013; 15 p., https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/049501.","productDescription":"Article 035013; 15 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-072928","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/4/049501","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324524,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"11","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fafe4b07657d1a90cbe","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scanlon, Bridget R.","contributorId":74093,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scanlon","given":"Bridget R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reedy, Robert C.","contributorId":92956,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reedy","given":"Robert C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faunt, Claudia C. 0000-0001-5659-7529 ccfaunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5659-7529","contributorId":150147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faunt","given":"Claudia C.","email":"ccfaunt@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pool, Donald R. drpool@usgs.gov","contributorId":1121,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pool","given":"Donald","email":"drpool@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Uhlman, Kristine;","contributorId":167093,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Uhlman","given":"Kristine;","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":17599,"text":"Texas Bureau of Economic Geology","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620987,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70187268,"text":"70187268 - 2016 - Recent changes in stream flashiness and flooding, and effects of flood management in North Carolina and Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-27T11:05:25","indexId":"70187268","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent changes in stream flashiness and flooding, and effects of flood management in North Carolina and Virginia","docAbstract":"The southeastern United States has undergone anthropogenic changes in landscape structure, with the potential to increase (e.g., urbanization) and decrease (e.g., reservoir construction) stream flashiness and flooding. Assessment of the outcome of such change can provide insight into the efficacy of current strategies and policies to manage water resources. We (1) examined trends in precipitation, floods, and stream flashiness and (2) assessed the relative influence of land cover and flow-regulating features (e.g., best management practices and artificial water bodies) on stream flashiness from 1991 to 2013. We found mean annual precipitation decreased, which coincided with decreasing trends in floods. In contrast, stream flashiness, overall, showed an increasing trend during the period of study. However, upon closer examination, 20 watersheds showed stable stream flashiness, whereas 5 increased and 6 decreased in flashiness. Urban watersheds were among those that increased or decreased in flashiness. Watersheds that increased in stream flashiness gained more urban cover, lost more forested cover and had fewer best management practices installed than urban watersheds that decreased in stream flashiness. We found best management practices are more effective than artificial water bodies in regulating flashy floods. Flashiness index is a valuable and straightforward metric to characterize changes in streamflow and help to assess the efficacy of management interventions.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/1752-1688.12408","usgsCitation":"Mogollon, B., Frimpong, E.A., Hoegh, A.B., and Angermeier, P.L., 2016, Recent changes in stream flashiness and flooding, and effects of flood management in North Carolina and Virginia: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 52, no. 3, p. 561-577, https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.12408.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"561","endPage":"577","ipdsId":"IP-061311","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340496,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","volume":"52","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-16","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59030325e4b0e862d230f723","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mogollon, Beatriz","contributorId":166682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mogollon","given":"Beatriz","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35590,"text":"USAID/USFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frimpong, Emmanuel A.","contributorId":79372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frimpong","given":"Emmanuel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":693175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoegh, Andrew B.","contributorId":166684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoegh","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":693176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. biota@usgs.gov","contributorId":1432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":613,"text":"Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":693148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70171202,"text":"ofr20161088 - 2016 - Hydrologic analyses in support of the Navajo Generating Station–Kayenta Mine Complex environmental impact statement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-01T16:40:27","indexId":"ofr20161088","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1088","title":"Hydrologic analyses in support of the Navajo Generating Station–Kayenta Mine Complex environmental impact statement","docAbstract":"The U.S. Department of Interior’s Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado Region (Reclamation) is preparing an environmental impact statement (EIS) for the Navajo Generating Station-Kayenta Mine Complex Project (NGS-KMC Project). The proposed project involves various Federal approvals that would facilitate continued operation of the Navajo Generating Station (NGS) from December 23, 2019 through 2044, and continued operation of the Kayenta Mine and support facilities (collectively called the Kayenta Mine Complex, or KMC) to supply coal to the NGS for this operational period. The EIS will consider several project alternatives that are likely to produce different effects on the Navajo (N) aquifer; the N aquifer is the principal water resource in the Black Mesa area used by the Navajo Nation, Hopi Tribe, and Peabody Western Coal Company (PWCC).
The N aquifer is composed of three hydraulically connected formations—the Navajo Sandstone, the Kayenta Formation, and the Lukachukai Member of the Wingate Sandstone—that function as a single aquifer. The N aquifer is confined under most of Black Mesa, and the overlying stratigraphy limits recharge to this part of the aquifer. The N aquifer is unconfined in areas surrounding Black Mesa, and most recharge occurs where the Navajo Sandstone is exposed in the area near Shonto, Arizona. Overlying the N aquifer is the D aquifer, which includes the Dakota Sandstone, Morrison Formation, Entrada Sandstone, and Carmel Formation. The aquifer is named for the Dakota Sandstone, which is the primary water-bearing unit.
The NGS is located near Page, Arizona on the Navajo Nation. The KMC, which delivers coal to NGS by way of a dedicated electric railroad, is located approximately 83 miles southeast of NGS (about 125 miles northeast of Flagstaff, Arizona). The Kayenta Mine permit area is located on about 44,073 acres of land leased within the boundaries of the Hopi and Navajo Indian Reservations. KMC has been conducting mining and reclamation operations within the Kayenta Mine permit boundary since 1973.
The KMC part of the proposed project requires approval by the Office of Surface Mining (OSM) of a significant revision of the mine’s permit to operate in accordance with the Surface Mine Control and Reclamation Act (Public Law 95-87, 91 Stat. 445 [30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.]). The revision will identify coal resource areas that may be used to continue extracting coal at the present rate of approximately 8.2 million tons per year. The Kayenta Mine Complex uses water pumped from the D and N aquifers beneath PWCC’s leasehold to support mining and reclamation activities. Prior to 2006, water from the PWCC well field also was used to transport coal by way of a coal-slurry pipeline to the now-closed Mohave Generating Station. Water usage at the leasehold was approximately 4,100 acre-feet per year (acre-ft/yr) during the period the pipeline was in use, and declined to an average 1,255 acre-ft/yr from 2006 to 2011. The Probable Hydrologic Consequences (PHC) section of the mining and reclamation permit must be modified to project the consequences of extended water use by the mine for the duration of the KMC part of the project, including a post-mining reclamation period.
Since 1971, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has conducted the Black Mesa Monitoring Program, which consists of monitoring water levels and water quality in the N aquifer, compiling information on water use by PWCC and tribal communities, maintaining several stream-gaging stations, measuring discharge at selected springs, conducting special studies, and reporting findings. These data are useful in evaluating the effects on the N aquifer from PWCC and community pumping, and the effects of variable precipitation.
The EIS will assess the impacts of continued pumping on the N aquifer, including changes in storage, water quality, and effects on spring and baseflow discharge, by proposed mining through 2044, and during the reclamation process to 2057.
Several groundwater models exist for the area and Reclamation concluded it would conduct a peer review of the groundwater flow model that will be used to assess the direct, reasonably foreseeable indirect, and cumulative effects of future groundwater withdrawals on the D and N aquifers in the Black Mesa area. Reclamation made this determination because of the level of controversy around the effects of continued water use and the comments received from the 2014 draft EIS scoping meetings. Reclamation requested assistance from the USGS in evaluating existing groundwater flow models of the Black Mesa Basin that can be used to predict the effects of different project alternatives on the D and N aquifers.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161088","productDescription":"vi, 23 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-076168","costCenters":[{"id":128,"text":"Arizona Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321807,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1088/ofr20161088.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1088"},{"id":321806,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1088/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Black Mesa","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.4453125,\n 35.545635932499415\n ],\n [\n -111.4453125,\n 36.84446074079564\n ],\n [\n -109.6490478515625,\n 36.84446074079564\n ],\n [\n -109.6490478515625,\n 35.545635932499415\n ],\n [\n -111.4453125,\n 35.545635932499415\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Arizona Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
520 N. Park Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719
http://az.water.usgs.gov/
Patterns in the relative differences in contaminant concentrations between the sexes of mature fish may reveal important behavioral and physiological differences between the sexes. We determined whole-fish total mercury (Hg) concentrations in 23 female summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) and 27 male summer flounder from New Jersey coastal waters. To estimate the change in Hg concentration due to release of eggs at spawning, Hg concentration in the somatic tissue and ovaries of 5 of the 23 female summer flounder were also determined. To ascertain whether most of the Hg in the summer flounder was methylmercury (MeHg), whole-fish MeHg concentrations were determined in all 50 summer flounder. Whole-fish Hg concentrations averaged 113 ng/g for females and 111 ng/g for males. Thus, females were 2% higher in Hg concentration than males, on average, but the difference was not statistically significant. Based on Hg determinations in the somatic tissue and ovaries, we predicted that Hg concentration of females would increase by 3.6%, on average, immediately after spawning due to release of eggs. On average, 92% of the Hg in the summer flounder was MeHg. To determine whether the effect of sex on Hg concentration was significantly different from the effect of sex on polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentration, we paired our Hg determinations with PCB determinations from a previous study, and applied regression analysis. Sex significantly interacted with contaminant type (Hg or PCBs), as males were 43% higher in PCB concentration than females, whereas females were 2% higher in Hg concentration than males. Males eliminating Hg from their bodies at a faster rate than females was a likely explanation for this discrepancy between the two contaminant types. Overall, the Hg and PCB concentrations in the summer flounder were relatively low, and therefore our findings also had implications for continued operation of the summer flounder fishery.
","language":"English","publisher":"OMICS International","doi":"10.4172/2155-9910.1000188","usgsCitation":"Madenjian, C.P., Jensen, O.P., Krabbenhoft, D.P., DeWild, J.F., Ogorek, J.M., and Vastano, A.R., 2016, Mercury accumulation and the mercury-PCB-sex interaction in summer flounder: Journal of Marine Science: Research & Development, v. 6, no. 2, p. 1-7, https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9910.1000188.","productDescription":"Article 188; 7 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070868","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470923,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9910.1000188","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":324259,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576bb6b8e4b07657d1a22906","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madenjian, Charles P. 0000-0002-0326-164X cmadenjian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0326-164X","contributorId":2200,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madenjian","given":"Charles","email":"cmadenjian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jensen, Olaf P.","contributorId":92159,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jensen","given":"Olaf","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"DeWild, John F. 0000-0003-4097-2798 jfdewild@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-2798","contributorId":2525,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeWild","given":"John","email":"jfdewild@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Ogorek, Jacob M. 0000-0002-6327-0740 jmogorek@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6327-0740","contributorId":4960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ogorek","given":"Jacob","email":"jmogorek@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638503,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Vastano, Anthony R.","contributorId":152434,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vastano","given":"Anthony","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":12727,"text":"Rutgers University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":638504,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70178112,"text":"70178112 - 2016 - Making it and breaking it in the Midwest: Continental assembly and rifting from modeling of EarthScope magnetotelluric data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-09T12:14:08","indexId":"70178112","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3112,"text":"Precambrian Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Making it and breaking it in the Midwest: Continental assembly and rifting from modeling of EarthScope magnetotelluric data","docAbstract":"A three-dimensional lithospheric-scale resistivity model of the North American mid-continent has been estimated based upon EarthScope magnetotelluric data. Details of the resistivity model are discussed in relation to lithospheric sutures, defined primarily from aeromagnetic and geochronologic data, which record the southward growth of the Laurentian margin in the Proterozoic. The resistivity signature of the 1.1 Ga Mid-continent Rift System is examined in detail, in particular as relates to rift geometry, extent, and segmentation. An unrecognized expanse of (concealed) Proterozoic deltaic deposits in Kansas is identified and speculated to result from axial drainage along the southwest rift arm akin to the Rio Grande delta which drains multiple rift basins. A prominent conductor traces out Cambrian rifting in Arkansas, Missouri, Tennessee, and Kentucky; this linear conductor has not been imaged before and suggests that the Cambrian rift system may have been more extensive than previously thought. The highest conductivity within the mid-continent is imaged in Minnesota, Michigan, and Wisconsin where it is coincident with Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks. The high conductivity is attributed to metallic sulfides, and in some cases, graphite. The former is a potential source of sulfur for multiple mineral deposits types, occurrences of which are found throughout the region. Finally, the imprint left within the mantle following the 1.1 Ga rifting event is examined. Variations in lithospheric mantle conductivity are observed and are interpreted to reflect variations in water content (depleted versus metasomatized mantle) imprinted upon the mantle by the Keweenawan mantle plume.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.precamres.2016.03.009","usgsCitation":"Bedrosian, P.A., 2016, Making it and breaking it in the Midwest: Continental assembly and rifting from modeling of EarthScope magnetotelluric data: Precambrian Research, v. 278, p. 337-361, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2016.03.009.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"337","endPage":"361","ipdsId":"IP-071110","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37273,"text":"Advanced Research Computing (ARC)","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470941,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2016.03.009","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330684,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"278","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"581c4cc3e4b09688d6e90fb7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70192919,"text":"70192919 - 2016 - A low-disturbance capture technique for ground-nesting Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-07T13:35:11","indexId":"70192919","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3731,"text":"Waterbirds","onlineIssn":"19385390","printIssn":"15244695","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A low-disturbance capture technique for ground-nesting Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus)","title":"A low-disturbance capture technique for ground-nesting Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus)","docAbstract":"Capturing breeding adults of colonially nesting species can entail risks of nest failure and even colony abandonment, especially in species that react strongly to human disturbance. A low-disturbance technique for capturing specific adult Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) at a ground-nesting colony was developed to reduce these risks and is described here. Nesting habitat enhancement was used to attract Doublecrested Cormorants to nest adjacent to above-ground tunnels constructed so that researchers could capture birds by hand. Using this technique, Double-crested Cormorants (n = 87) were captured during the incubation and chick-rearing stages of the nesting cycle. Unlike alternative capture techniques, this approach allowed targeting of specific individuals for capture and recapture, minimized local disturbance, and eliminated colony-wide disturbances. The tunnel-based system presented here could be adapted to capture adults or to access the nest contents of other ground-nesting colonial species that are inclined to nest in areas of enhanced nesting habitat and adapt to anthropogenic structures in their nesting area. This system would be particularly beneficial for other wary and easily disturbed species.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.1675/063.039.0210","usgsCitation":"Courtot, K., Roby, D.D., Kerr, L.H., Lyons, D., and Adkins, J.Y., 2016, A low-disturbance capture technique for ground-nesting Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus): Waterbirds, v. 39, no. 2, p. 193-198, https://doi.org/10.1675/063.039.0210.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"198","ipdsId":"IP-059952","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348389,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"39","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ea35e4b09af898c8cc6c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Courtot, Karen 0000-0002-8849-4054 kcourtot@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8849-4054","contributorId":140002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Courtot","given":"Karen","email":"kcourtot@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roby, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9844-0992 droby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9844-0992","contributorId":3702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roby","given":"Daniel","email":"droby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kerr, Lauren H.","contributorId":200097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kerr","given":"Lauren","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lyons, Donald E.","contributorId":20119,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"Donald E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adkins, Jessica Y.","contributorId":171820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adkins","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"Y.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70176693,"text":"70176693 - 2016 - Map visualization of groundwater withdrawals at the sub-basin scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-29T14:00:06","indexId":"70176693","displayToPublicDate":"2016-06-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1923,"text":"Hydrogeology Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Map visualization of groundwater withdrawals at the sub-basin scale","docAbstract":"A simple method is proposed to visualize the magnitude of groundwater withdrawals from wells relative to user-defined water-resource metrics. The map is solely an illustration of the withdrawal magnitudes, spatially centered on wells—it is not capture zones or source areas contributing recharge to wells. Common practice is to scale the size (area) of withdrawal well symbols proportional to pumping rate. Symbols are drawn large enough to be visible, but not so large that they overlap excessively. In contrast to such graphics-based symbol sizes, the proposed method uses a depth-rate index (length per time) to visualize the well withdrawal rates by volumetrically consistent areas, called “footprints”. The area of each individual well’s footprint is the withdrawal rate divided by the depth-rate index. For example, the groundwater recharge rate could be used as a depth-rate index to show how large withdrawals are relative to that recharge. To account for the interference of nearby wells, composite footprints are computed by iterative nearest-neighbor distribution of excess withdrawals on a computational and display grid having uniform square cells. The map shows circular footprints at individual isolated wells and merged footprint areas where wells’ individual footprints overlap. Examples are presented for depth-rate indexes corresponding to recharge, to spatially variable stream baseflow (normalized by basin area), and to the average rate of water-table decline (scaled by specific yield). These depth-rate indexes are water-resource metrics, and the footprints visualize the magnitude of withdrawals relative to these metrics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10040-016-1379-x","usgsCitation":"Goode, D., 2016, Map visualization of groundwater withdrawals at the sub-basin scale: Hydrogeology Journal, v. 24, no. 4, p. 1057-1065, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-016-1379-x.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1057","endPage":"1065","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329095,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c6bbe4b0bc0bec09cb08","chorus":{"doi":"10.1007/s10040-016-1379-x","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10040-016-1379-x","publisher":"Springer Nature","authors":"Goode Daniel J.","journalName":"Hydrogeology Journal","publicationDate":"2/15/2016","auditedOn":"8/1/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"2/15/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goode, Daniel J. 0000-0002-8527-2456 djgoode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-2456","contributorId":2433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goode","given":"Daniel J.","email":"djgoode@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":649897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70171463,"text":"70171463 - 2016 - The plant phenology monitoring design for the National Ecological Observatory Network","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-02T11:26:19","indexId":"70171463","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-31T16:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The plant phenology monitoring design for the National Ecological Observatory Network","docAbstract":"Phenology is an integrative science that comprises the study of recurring biological activities or events. In an era of rapidly changing climate, the relationship between the timing of those events and environmental cues such as temperature, snowmelt, water availability or day length are of particular interest. This article provides an overview of the plant phenology sampling which will be conducted by the U.S. National Ecological Observatory Network NEON, the resulting data, and the rationale behind the design. Trained technicians will conduct regular in situ observations of plant phenology at all terrestrial NEON sites for the 30-year life of the observatory. Standardized and coordinated data across the network of sites can be used to quantify the direction and magnitude of the relationships between phenology and environmental forcings, as well as the degree to which these relationships vary among sites, among species, among phenophases, and through time. Vegetation at NEON sites will also be monitored with tower-based cameras, satellite remote sensing and annual high-resolution airborne remote sensing. Ground-based measurements can be used to calibrate and improve satellite-derived phenometrics. NEON’s phenology monitoring design is complementary to existing phenology research efforts and citizen science initiatives throughout the world and will produce interoperable data. By collocating plant phenology observations with a suite of additional meteorological, biophysical and ecological measurements (e.g., climate, carbon flux, plant productivity, population dynamics of consumers) at 47 terrestrial sites, the NEON design will enable continentalscale inference about the status, trends, causes and ecological consequences of phenological change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1303","usgsCitation":"Elmendorf, S.C., Jones, K.D., Cook, B., Diez, J.M., Enquist, C.A., Hufft, R.A., Jones, M.O., Mazer, S., Miller-Rushing, A., Moore, D.J., Schwartz, M., and Weltzin, J., 2016, The plant phenology monitoring design for the National Ecological Observatory Network: Ecosphere, v. 7, no. 4, e01303: 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1303.","productDescription":"e01303: 16 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-052777","costCenters":[{"id":433,"text":"National Phenology Network","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470954,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1303","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321942,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-04-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"574ea79ae4b0ee97d51a2be0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elmendorf, Sarah C","contributorId":169801,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Elmendorf","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"C","affiliations":[{"id":25598,"text":"NEON, Staff Scientist","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631087,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Katherine D.","contributorId":169802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Katherine","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cook, Benjamin I.","contributorId":81237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"Benjamin I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Diez, Jeffrey M.","contributorId":169803,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diez","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631090,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Enquist, Carolyn A.F.","contributorId":169804,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Enquist","given":"Carolyn","email":"","middleInitial":"A.F.","affiliations":[{"id":25599,"text":"USA-NPN","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hufft, Rebecca A.","contributorId":148014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hufft","given":"Rebecca","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":16973,"text":"Neptune and Company Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jones, Matthew O.","contributorId":169805,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[{"id":590,"text":"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers","active":false,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":631092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Mazer, Susan J.","contributorId":96564,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mazer","given":"Susan J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Miller-Rushing, Abraham J.","contributorId":103561,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller-Rushing","given":"Abraham J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Moore, David J. P.","contributorId":169810,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moore","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Schwartz, Mark D.","contributorId":11092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwartz","given":"Mark D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":631097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Weltzin, Jake F. 0000-0001-8641-6645 jweltzin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8641-6645","contributorId":149648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weltzin","given":"Jake F.","email":"jweltzin@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":433,"text":"National Phenology Network","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":631086,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12}]}} ,{"id":70173895,"text":"70173895 - 2016 - Somatic growth dynamics of West Atlantic hawksbill sea turtles: a spatio-temporal perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-10-24T09:10:47","indexId":"70173895","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-31T00:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Somatic growth dynamics of West Atlantic hawksbill sea turtles: a spatio-temporal perspective","docAbstract":"Somatic growth dynamics are an integrated response to environmental conditions. Hawksbill sea turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) are long-lived, major consumers in coral reef habitats that move over broad geographic areas (hundreds to thousands of kilometers). We evaluated spatio-temporal effects on hawksbill growth dynamics over a 33-yr period and 24 study sites throughout the West Atlantic and explored relationships between growth dynamics and climate indices. We compiled the largest ever data set on somatic growth rates for hawksbills – 3541 growth increments from 1980 to 2013. Using generalized additive mixed model analyses, we evaluated 10 covariates, including spatial and temporal variation, that could affect growth rates. Growth rates throughout the region responded similarly over space and time. The lack of a spatial effect or spatio-temporal interaction and the very strong temporal effect reveal that growth rates in West Atlantic hawksbills are likely driven by region-wide forces. Between 1997 and 2013, mean growth rates declined significantly and steadily by 18%. Regional climate indices have significant relationships with annual growth rates with 0- or 1-yr lags: positive with the Multivariate El Niño Southern Oscillation Index (correlation = 0.99) and negative with Caribbean sea surface temperature (correlation = −0.85). Declines in growth rates between 1997 and 2013 throughout the West Atlantic most likely resulted from warming waters through indirect negative effects on foraging resources of hawksbills. These climatic influences are complex. With increasing temperatures, trajectories of decline of coral cover and availability in reef habitats of major prey species of hawksbills are not parallel. Knowledge of how choice of foraging habitats, prey selection, and prey abundance are affected by warming water temperatures is needed to understand how climate change will affect productivity of consumers that live in association with coral reefs. Main conclusions The decadal declines in growth rates between 1997 and 2013 throughout the West Atlantic most likely resulted from warming waters through indirect negative effects on the foraging resources of hawksbills. These climatic influences are complex. With increasing temperatures, the trajectories of decline of coral cover and availability in reef habitats of major prey species of hawksbills are not parallel. Knowledge of how choice of foraging habitats, prey selection, and prey abundance are affected by warming water temperatures is needed to understand how climate change will affect productivity of consumers that live in association with coral reefs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","publisherLocation":"Hoboken, New Jersey","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1279","usgsCitation":"Bjorndal, K.A., Chaloupka, M., Saba, V.S., Diez, C.E., van Dam, R.P., Krueger, B.H., Horrocks, J.A., Santos, A.J., Bellini, C., Marcovaldi, M.A., Nava, M., Willis, S., Godley, B.J., Gore, S., Hawkes, L.A., McGowan, A., Witt, M.J., Stringell, T.B., Sanghera, A., Richardson, P.B., Broderick, A.C., Phillips, Q., Calosso, M.C., Claydon, J.A., Blumenthal, J., Moncada, F., Nodarse, G., Medina, Y., Dunbar, S.G., Wood, L.D., Lagueux, C.J., Campbell, C.L., Meylan, A.B., Meylan, P.A., Burns Perez, V.R., Coleman, R.A., Strindberg, S., Guzman-H, V., Hart, K.M., Cherkiss, M.S., Hillis-Starr, Z., Lundgren, I., Boulon, R., Connett, S., Outerbridge, M.E., and Bolten, A.B., 2016, Somatic growth dynamics of West Atlantic hawksbill sea turtles: a spatio-temporal perspective: Ecosphere, v. 7, no. 5, 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Natural abundance ratios of stable isotopes of nitrogen (δ15N) measured in plant tissue growing in nearshore areas of the lake indicate that the major source of nitrogen used by these primary producing plants is derived mainly from atmospherically fixed nitrogen in an undeveloped forested ecosystem. Exceptions to this pattern occurred in the Barnes Point area where elevated δ15N ratios indicate that effluent from septic systems also contribute nitrogen to filamentous-periphytic algae growing in the littoral zone of that area. Near the Lyre River outlet of Lake Crescent, the δ15N of filamentous-periphytic algae growing in close proximity to the spawning areas of a unique species of trout show little evidence of elevated δ15N indicating that nitrogen from on-site septic systems is not a substantial source of nitrogen for these plants. The δ15N data corroborate estimates that nitrogen input to Lake Crescent from septic sources is comparatively small relative to input from motor vehicle exhaust and vegetative sources in undeveloped forests, including litterfall, pollen, and symbiotic nitrogen fixation. The seasonal timing of blooms of filamentous-periphytic algal near the lake shoreline is also consistent with nitrogen exported from stands of red alder trees (Alnus rubra). Isotope biomonitoring of filamentous-periphytic algae may be an effective approach to monitoring the littoral zone for nutrient input to Lake Crescent from septic sources.
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Diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages in cores EW0408-47JC, -47TC, -46MC (57° 34.5278′ N, 136° 3.7764′ W, 114 m water depth) taken from the outer portion of Slocum Arm, a post-glacial fjord in southeastern Alaska, reveal the paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic evolution of the eastern margin of the Gulf of Alaska (GoA) during the past 10,000 years. Between ~ 10 and 6.8 cal ka, periods of low salinity and cool water conditions alternated with brief intervals marked by the increased influx of oceanic, more saline and likely warmer waters. Increased surface water stability characterized by a middle Holocene interval between ~ 6.8 and 3.2 cal ka is typified by increased abundances of northeastern Pacific Thalassiosira spp. that are indicative of spring coastal blooms and decreased abundances of warm and higher salinity oceanic diatoms. At ~ 3.2 cal ka, an abrupt increase in both the relative contribution of oceanic diatoms and silicoflagellates suggestive of cooler upwelling conditions occurred in the -47JC record. A stepwise increase in alkenone sea surface temperature in northern GoA core EW0408-85JC and increase in southern sourced precipitation in the carbonate δ18O record of Jellybean Lake (Yukon) present evidence that this ~ 3.2 cal ka event coincided with the onset of enhanced positive Pacific Decadal Oscillation-like (PDO) conditions in the GoA. These positive PDO-like conditions persisted until ~ 1.0 cal ka and were followed by high amplitude fluctuations in the relative abundance of diatom and silicoflagellate assemblages.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.marmicro.2016.05.002","usgsCitation":"Barron, J.A., Bukry, D., Addison, J.A., and Ager, T.A., 2016, Holocene evolution of diatom and silicoflagellate paleoceanography in Slocum Arm, a fjord in southeastern Alaska: Marine Micropaleontology, v. 126, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2016.05.002.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069645","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470960,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2016.05.002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":321824,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"126","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5749619be4b07e28b6650f93","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barron, John A. 0000-0002-9309-1145 jbarron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-1145","contributorId":2222,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barron","given":"John","email":"jbarron@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bukry, David 0000-0003-4540-890X dbukry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4540-890X","contributorId":3550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bukry","given":"David","email":"dbukry@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Addison, Jason A. 0000-0003-2416-9743 jaddison@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2416-9743","contributorId":4192,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Addison","given":"Jason","email":"jaddison@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ager, Thomas A. 0000-0002-5029-7581 tager@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5029-7581","contributorId":736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ager","given":"Thomas","email":"tager@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":630675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70175242,"text":"70175242 - 2016 - Seasonal and diel effects on acoustic fish biomass estimates: application to a shallow reservoir with untargeted common carp (Cyprinus carpio)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-03-03T11:07:09","indexId":"70175242","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-27T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2681,"text":"Marine and Freshwater Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal and diel effects on acoustic fish biomass estimates: application to a shallow reservoir with untargeted common carp (Cyprinus carpio)","docAbstract":"The aim of the present study was to understand how seasonal fish distributions affect acoustically derived fish biomass estimates in a shallow reservoir in a semi-arid country (Tunisia). To that end, sampling events were performed during four seasons (spring (June), summer (September), autumn (December) and winter (March)) that included day and night surveys. A Simrad EK60 echosounder, equipped with two 120-kHz split-beam transducers for simultaneous horizontal and vertical beaming, was used to sample the entire water column. Surveys during spring and summer and daytime hours of winter were deemed unusable owing to high methane flux from the sediment, and during the day survey of autumn, fish were close to the reservoir bottom leading to low detectability. It follows that acoustic surveys should be conducted only at night during the cold season (December–March) for shallow reservoirs having carp Cyprinus carpio (L.) as the dominant species. Further, night-time biomass estimates during the cold season declined significantly (P < 0.001) from autumn to winter. Based on our autumn night-time survey, overall fish biomass in the Bir-Mcherga Reservoir was high (mean (± s.d.) 185 ± 98 tonnes (Mg)), but annual fishery exploitation is low (19.3–24.1 Mg) because the fish biomass is likely dominated by invasive carp not targeted by fishers. The results suggest that controlling carp would help improve the fishery.
","language":"English","publisher":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization","publisherLocation":"East Melbourne","doi":"10.1071/MF15249","usgsCitation":"Djemali, I., Yule, D., and Guillard, J., 2016, Seasonal and diel effects on acoustic fish biomass estimates: application to a shallow reservoir with untargeted common carp (Cyprinus carpio): Marine and Freshwater Research, v. 68, no. 3, p. 528-537, https://doi.org/10.1071/MF15249.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"528","endPage":"537","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065134","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326014,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"68","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a315d0e4b006cb45558b91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Djemali, Imed","contributorId":173403,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Djemali","given":"Imed","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27225,"text":"Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yule, Daniel L. 0000-0002-0117-5115 dyule@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-5115","contributorId":139532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yule","given":"Daniel","email":"dyule@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Guillard, Jean","contributorId":8385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guillard","given":"Jean","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70171361,"text":"70171361 - 2016 - Cyanotoxins in inland lakes of the United States: Occurrence and potential recreational health risks in the EPA National Lakes Assessment 2007","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:33:30","indexId":"70171361","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-26T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1878,"text":"Harmful Algae","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cyanotoxins in inland lakes of the United States: Occurrence and potential recreational health risks in the EPA National Lakes Assessment 2007","docAbstract":"A large nation-wide survey of cyanotoxins (1161 lakes) in the United States (U.S.) was conducted during the EPA National Lakes Assessment 2007. Cyanotoxin data were compared with cyanobacteria abundance- and chlorophyll-based World Health Organization (WHO) thresholds and mouse toxicity data to evaluate potential recreational risks. Cylindrospermopsins, microcystins, and saxitoxins were detected (ELISA) in 4.0, 32, and 7.7% of samples with mean concentrations of 0.56, 3.0, and 0.061 mg/L, respectively (detections only). Co-occurrence of the three cyanotoxin classes was rare (0.32%) when at least one toxin was detected. Cyanobacteria were present and dominant in 98 and 76% of samples, respectively. Potential anatoxin-, cylindrospermopsin-, microcystin-, and saxitoxin-producing cyanobacteria occurred in 81, 67, 95, and 79% of samples, respectively. Anatoxin-a and nodularin-R were detected (LC/MS/MS) in 15 and 3.7% samples (n = 27). The WHO moderate and high risk thresholds for microcystins, cyanobacteria abundance, and total chlorophyll were exceeded in 1.1, 27, and 44% of samples, respectively. Complete agreement by all three WHO microcystin metrics occurred in 27% of samples. This suggests that WHO microcystin metrics based on total chlorophyll and cyanobacterial abundance can overestimate microcystin risk when compared to WHO microcystin thresholds. The lack of parity among the WHO thresholds was expected since chlorophyll is common amongst all phytoplankton and not all cyanobacteria produce microcystins.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.hal.2016.04.001","usgsCitation":"Loftin, K.A., Graham, J., Elizabeth Hilborn, Lehmann, S., Meyer, M.T., Dietze, J.E., and Griffith, C., 2016, Cyanotoxins in inland lakes of the United States: Occurrence and potential recreational health risks in the EPA National Lakes Assessment 2007: Harmful Algae, v. 56, p. 77-90, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2016.04.001.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"90","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066418","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321836,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n 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Nisqually River, western Washington, July 2010–November 2011","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-27T07:34:17","indexId":"sir20165062","displayToPublicDate":"2016-05-26T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-5062","title":"Suspended sediment delivery to Puget Sound from the lower Nisqually River, western Washington, July 2010–November 2011","docAbstract":"On average, the Nisqually River delivers about 100,000 metric tons per year (t/yr) of suspended sediment to Puget Sound, western Washington, a small proportion of the estimated 1,200,000 metric tons (t) of sediment reported to flow in the upper Nisqually River that drains the glaciated, recurrently active Mount Rainier stratovolcano. Most of the upper Nisqually River sediment load is trapped in Alder Lake, a reservoir completed in 1945. For water year 2011 (October 1, 2010‒September 30, 2011), daily sediment and continuous turbidity data were used to determine that 106,000 t of suspended sediment were delivered to Puget Sound, and 36 percent of this load occurred in 2 days during a typical winter storm. Of the total suspended-sediment load delivered to Puget Sound in the water year 2011, 47 percent was sand (particle size >0.063 millimeters), and the remainder (53 percent) was silt and clay. A sediment-transport curve developed from suspended-sediment samples collected from July 2010 to November 2011 agreed closely with a curve derived in 1973 using similar data-collection methods, indicating that similar sediment-transport conditions exist. The median annual suspended-sediment load of 73,000 t (water years 1980–2014) is substantially less than the average load, and the correlation (Pearson’s r = 0.80, p = 8.1E-9, n=35) between annual maximum 2-day sediment loads and normalized peak discharges for the period indicates the importance of wet years and associated peak discharges of the lower Nisqually River for sediment delivery to Puget Sound. The magnitude of peak discharges in the lower Nisqually River generally is suppressed by flow regulation, and relative to other free-flowing, glacier-influenced rivers entering Puget Sound, the Nisqually River delivers proportionally less sediment because of upstream sediment trapping from dams.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165062","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Nisqually Indian Tribe","usgsCitation":"Curran, C.A., Grossman, E.E., Magirl, C.S., and Foreman, J.R., 2016, Suspended sediment delivery to Puget Sound from the lower Nisqually River, western Washington, July 2010–November 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016-5062, 17 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165062.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 17 p.; Appendixes A-D","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-059554","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321772,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5062/sir20165062_appendix_d.xlsx","text":"Appendix D","size":"28 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2016-5062 Appendix D"},{"id":321769,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5062/sir20165062_appendix_a.xlsx","text":"Appendix A","size":"97 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2016-5062 Appendix A"},{"id":321770,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5062/sir20165062_appendix_b.xlsx","text":"Appendix B","size":"1.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2016-5062 Appendix B"},{"id":321771,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5062/sir20165062_appendix_c.xlsx","text":"Appendix C","size":"23 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2016-5062 Appendix C"},{"id":321702,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5062/sir20165062.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.4 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5062"},{"id":321701,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5062/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lower Nisqually River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.9,\n 46.62\n ],\n [\n -122.9,\n 47.166666\n ],\n [\n -121.6,\n 47.166666\n ],\n [\n -121.6,\n 46.62\n ],\n [\n -122.9,\n 46.62\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Washington Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
http://wa.water.usgs.gov
Phytoplankton communities in freshwater lakes, ponds, and reservoirs may be dominated by cyanobacteria (also called blue-green algae) under certain environmental conditions. Cyanobacteria may cause a range of water-quality impairments, including the potential for toxin production. Cyanobacteria toxins (cyanotoxins) may adversely impact human and ecological health. Microcystins are considered to be one of the most commonly found classes of cyanotoxins in freshwater ecosystems, and as such were selected as a recreational indicator of water quality for the 2007 United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Lakes Assessment. However, much less is known about the occurrence of other classes of cyanotoxins in fresh surface water such as anatoxins, cylindrospermopsins, nodularins, and saxitoxins.
\nThe 2007 National Lakes Assessment followed a probabilistic study design and was directed by the EPA, in partnership with States, Tribes, and other federal agencies of the United States, to provide an assessment of water quality in the Nation’s lakes, ponds, and reservoirs based on trophic status, and ecological and recreational indicators. Integrated photic zone samples were collected by the EPA, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), States, and Tribes in target water bodies, generally at their deepest point, and analyzed for microcystins by the U.S. Geological Survey. The USGS assisted with this survey by providing technical expertise and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of microcystins for all survey samples as an indicator for recreational water quality. A small subset of samples (n=27) was analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) by the USGS. Additionally, through partnership with the EPA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL), USGS analyzed all frozen samples by ELISA for two other classes of cyanotoxins, cylindrospermopsins and saxitoxins. Total cylindrospermopsins, microcystins, and saxitoxins were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a total of 1,331 samples from 1,161 lakes.
\nSamples from this study had detection frequencies of 4.0, 32 (unweighted), and 7.6 percent, mean concentrations (detections only) of 0.56, 3.0, and 0.061 micrograms/L (μg/L), and maximum concentrations of 4.4, 230, and 0.38 μg/L for cylindrospermopsins, microcystins, and saxitoxins by ELISA, respectively in visit 1 and visit 2 samples. Microcystin ELISA results were categorized based on World Health Organization recreational surface-water guidelines for the relative probability of adverse health impacts because of microcystin exposure. The dataset described in this report is the first ever national reconnaissance of cyanotoxins in the United States.
\nAt least one microcystin congener was detected by LC/MS/MS in 52 percent of the 27 samples analyzed at a concentration greater than the LC/MS/MS minimum reporting level (MRL) of 0.010 μg/L and included detections for microcystin-LA, microcystin-LR, microcystin-LY, microcystin-RR, and microcystin-YR. Anatoxin-a, cylindrospermopsin, and nodularin-R were detected in 15 percent, 7 percent, and 4 percent of samples, respectively, at concentrations above 0.010 μg/L. Deoxycylindrospermopsin, domoic acid, lyngbyatoxin-a, microcystin-LF, microcystin-LW, and okadaic acid were not detected in the LC/MS/MS subset.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds929","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the United States Environmental Protection Agency, States, and Tribes","usgsCitation":"Loftin, K.A., Dietze, J.E, Meyer, M.T., Graham, J.L, Maksimowicz, M.M., and Toyne, K.D., 2016, Total cylindrospermopsins, microcystins/nodularins, and saxitoxins data for the 2007 United States Environmental Protection Agency National Lake Assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 929, 9 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds929.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 7 p.; Appendixes 1-10","numberOfPages":"20","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053397","costCenters":[{"id":353,"text":"Kansas Water Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318372,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0929/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":318374,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0929/ds929_appendixes.xls","text":"Appendixes 1–10","size":"1.03 MB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"DS 929 Appendix"},{"id":318373,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/0929/ds929.pdf","text":"Report","size":"794 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"DS 929"}],"contact":"Director, Kansas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4821 Quail Crest Place
Lawrence, KS 66049
In 2014, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Association to Preserve Cape Cod, the Cape Cod Commission, and the Massachusetts Environmental Trust, began an evaluation of the potential effects of sea-level rise on water table altitudes and depths to water on central and western Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Increases in atmospheric and oceanic temperatures arising, in part, from the release of greenhouse gases likely will result in higher sea levels globally. Increasing water table altitudes in shallow, unconfined coastal aquifer systems could adversely affect infrastructure—roads, utilities, basements, and septic systems—particularly in low-lying urbanized areas. The Sagamore and Monomoy flow lenses on Cape Cod are the largest and most populous of the six flow lenses that comprise the region’s aquifer system, the Cape Cod glacial aquifer. The potential effects of sea-level rise on water table altitude and depths to water were evaluated by use of numerical models of the region. The Sagamore and Monomoy flow lenses have a number of large surface water drainages that receive a substantial amount of groundwater discharge, 47 and 29 percent of the total, respectively. The median increase in the simulated water table altitude following a 6-foot sea-level rise across both flow lenses was 2.11 feet, or 35 percent when expressed as a percentage of the total sea-level rise. The response is nearly the same as the sea-level rise (6 feet) in some coastal areas and less than 0.1 foot near some large inland streams. Median water table responses differ substantially between the Sagamore and Monomoy flow lenses—at 29 and 49 percent, respectively—because larger surface water discharge on the Sagamore flow lens results in increased dampening of the water table response than in the Monomoy flow lens. Surface waters dampen water table altitude increases because streams are fixed-altitude boundaries that cause hydraulic gradients and streamflow to increase as sea-level rises, partially fixing the local water table altitude.
The region has a generally thick vadose zone with a mean of about 38 feet; areas with depths to water of 5 feet or less, as estimated from light detection and ranging (lidar) data from 2011 and simulated water table altitudes, currently [2011] occur over about 24.9 square miles, or about 8.4 percent of the total land area of the Sagamore and Monomoy flow lenses, generally in low-lying coastal areas and inland near ponds and streams. Excluding potentially submerged areas, an additional 4.5, 9.8, and 15.9 square miles would have shallow depths to water (5 feet or less) for projected sea-level rises of 2, 4, and 6 feet above levels in 2011. The additional areas with shallow depths to water generally occur in the same areas as the areas with current [2011] depths to water of 5 feet or less: low-lying coastal areas and near inland surface water features. Additional areas with shallow depths to water for the largest sea-level rise prediction (6 feet) account for about 5.7 percent of the total land area, excluding areas likely to be inundated by seawater. The numerous surface water drainages will dampen the response of the water table to sea-level rise. This dampening, combined with the region’s thick vadose zone, likely will mitigate the potential for groundwater inundation in most areas. The potential does exist for groundwater inundation in some areas, but the effects of sea-level rise on depths to water and infrastructure likely will not be substantial on a regional level.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165058","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Association to Preserve Cape Cod, the Cape Cod Commission, and the Massachusetts Environmental Trust","usgsCitation":"Walter, D.A., McCobb, T.D., Masterson, J.P., and Fienen, M.N., 2016, Potential effects of sea-level rise on the depth to saturated sediments of the Sagamore and Monomoy flow lenses on Cape Cod, Massachusetts (ver. 1.1, October 18, 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5058, 55 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165058.","productDescription":"vi, 55 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071028","costCenters":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321216,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5058/sir20165058.pdf","text":"Report","size":"19.3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5058"},{"id":321215,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5058/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":329663,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5058/versionHist.txt","size":"1 KB","linkFileType":{"id":2,"text":"txt"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.69427490234375,\n 41.509605687197975\n ],\n [\n -70.69427490234375,\n 42.10943017110108\n ],\n [\n -69.90463256835938,\n 42.10943017110108\n ],\n [\n -69.90463256835938,\n 41.509605687197975\n ],\n [\n -70.69427490234375,\n 41.509605687197975\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted May 25, 2016; Version 1.1: October 25,2016","contact":"Director, New England Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
10 Bearfoot Road
Northborough, MA 01532
Or visit our Web site at
http://newengland.water.usgs.gov/
Efforts to improve fish passage have resulted in the replacement of six culverts in Crystal Springs Creek in Portland, Oregon. Two more culverts are scheduled to be replaced at Glenwood Street and Bybee Boulevard (Glenwood/Bybee project) in 2016. Recently acquired data have allowed for a more comprehensive understanding of the hydrology of the creek and the topography of the watershed. To evaluate the impact of the culvert replacements and recent hydrologic data, a Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System hydraulic model was developed to estimate water-surface elevations during high-flow events. Longitudinal surface-water profiles were modeled to evaluate current conditions and future conditions using the design plans for the culverts to be installed in 2016. Additional profiles were created to compare with the results from the most recent flood model approved by the Federal Emergency Management Agency for Crystal Springs Creek and to evaluate model sensitivity.
Model simulation results show that water-surface elevations during high-flow events will be lower than estimates from previous models, primarily due to lower estimates of streamflow associated with the 0.01 and 0.002 annual exceedance probability (AEP) events. Additionally, recent culvert replacements have resulted in less ponding behind crossings. Similarly, model simulation results show that the proposed replacement culverts at Glenwood Street and Bybee Boulevard will result in lower water-surface elevations during high-flow events upstream of the proposed project. Wider culverts will allow more water to pass through crossings, resulting in slightly higher water-surface elevations downstream of the project during high-flows than water-surface elevations that would occur under current conditions. For the 0.01 AEP event, the water-surface elevations downstream of the Glenwood/Bybee project will be an average of 0.05 ft and a maximum of 0.07 ft higher than current conditions. Similarly, for the 0.002 AEP event, the water-surface elevations will be an average of 0.04 ft and a maximum of 0.19 ft higher than current conditions.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161079","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the City of Portland Bureau of Environmental Services","usgsCitation":"Stonewall, Adam, and Hess, Glen, 2016, Evaluation of flood inundation in Crystal Springs Creek, Portland, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016-1079, 33 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161079.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 33 p.; Plate: 24.00 x 36.00 inches","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-052885","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321611,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1079/ofr20161079.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1079 Report PDF"},{"id":321612,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1079/ofr20161079_plate1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","size":"9.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1079 Plate 1 PDF"},{"id":321610,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1079/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","city":"Portland","otherGeospatial":"Crystal Springs Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.62,\n 45.45\n ],\n [\n -122.62,\n 45.5\n ],\n [\n -122.65,\n 45.5\n ],\n [\n -122.65,\n 45.45\n ],\n [\n -122.62,\n 45.45\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Oregon Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2130 SW 5th Avenue
Portland, Oregon 97201
http://or.water.usgs.gov
During 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, collected groundwater samples from 31 wells at or near the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC) at the Idaho National Laboratory for purgeable organic compounds (POCs). The samples were collected and analyzed for the purpose of evaluating whether purge water from wells located inside an areal polygon established downgradient of the INTEC must be treated as a Resource Conservation and Recovery Act listed waste.
POC concentrations in water samples from 29 of 31 wells completed in the eastern Snake River Plain aquifer were greater than their detection limit, determined from detection and quantitation calculation software, for at least one to four POCs. Of the 29 wells with concentrations greater than their detection limits, only 20 had concentrations greater than the laboratory reporting limit as calculated with detection and quantitation calculation software. None of the concentrations exceeded any maximum contaminant levels established for public drinking water supplies. Most commonly detected compounds were 1,1,1-trichoroethane, 1,1-dichloroethene, and trichloroethene.
","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161083","collaboration":"DOE/ID-22238Director, Idaho Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
230 Collins Road
Boise, Idaho 83702
http://id.water.usgs.gov
We compared the hydrodynamics of replicate experimental mixed cell and replicate standard Burrows pond rearing systems at the Dworshak National Fish Hatchery, ID, in an effort to identify methods for improved solids removal. We measured and compared the hydraulic residence time, particle removal efficiency, and measures of velocity using several tools. Computational fluid dynamics was used first to characterize hydraulics in the proposed retrofit that included removal of the traditional Burrows pond dividing wall and establishment of four counter rotating cells with appropriate drains and inlet water jets. Hydraulic residence time was subsequently established in the four full scale test tanks using measures of conductivity of a salt tracer introduced into the systems both with and without fish present. Vertical and horizontal velocities were also measured with acoustic Doppler velocimetry in transects across each of the rearing systems. Finally, we introduced ABS sinking beads that simulated fish solids then followed the kinetics of their removal via the drains to establish relative purge rates. The mixed cell raceway provided higher mean velocities and a more uniform velocity distribution than did the Burrows pond. Vectors revealed well-defined, counter-rotating cells in the mixed cell raceway, and were likely contributing factors in achieving a relatively high particle removal efficiency-88.6% versus 8.0% during the test period. We speculate retrofits of rearing ponds to mixed cell systems will improve both the rearing environments for the fish and solids removal, improving the efficiency and bio-security of fish culture. We recommend further testing in hatchery production trials to evaluate fish physiology and growth.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.aquaeng.2016.04.005","usgsCitation":"Moffitt, C.M., 2016, Comparison of hydraulics and particle removal efficiencies in a mixed cell raceway and Burrows pond rearing system: Aquacultural Engineering, v. 74, p. 52-61, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2016.04.005.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"52","endPage":"61","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073377","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":470964,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2016.04.005","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323454,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Dworshak National Fish Hatchery","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.34218931198119,\n 46.49930804814481\n ],\n [\n -116.34218931198119,\n 46.50806635278142\n ],\n [\n -116.3186287879944,\n 46.50806635278142\n ],\n [\n -116.3186287879944,\n 46.49930804814481\n ],\n [\n -116.34218931198119,\n 46.49930804814481\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"74","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"575be4aae4b04f417c27f511","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moffitt, Christine M. 0000-0001-6020-9728 cmoffitt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6020-9728","contributorId":2583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moffitt","given":"Christine","email":"cmoffitt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":638421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}