Evaluations based on the nutrient content of the inflow, outflow, water in storage, and the dissolved-oxygen depletion during the summer indicate that the trophic state of Scofield Reservoir is borderline between mesotrophic and eutrophic and may become highly eutrophic unless corrective measures are taken to limit nutrient inflow.
Sediment deposition in Scofield Reservoir during 1943-79 is estimated to be 3,000 acre-feet, and has decreased the original storage capacity of the reservoir by 4 percent. The sediment contains some coal, and age dating of those sediments (based on the radioisotope lead-210) indicates that most of the coal was deposited prior to about 1950.
Scofield Reservoir is dimictic, with turnovers occurring in the spring and autumn. Water in the reservoir circulates completely to the bottom during turnovers. The concentration of dissolved oxygen decreases with depth except during parts of the turnover periods. Below an altitude of about 7,590 feet, where 20 percent of the water is stored, the concentration of dissolved oxygen was less than 2 milligrams per liter during most of the year. During the summer stratification period, the depletion of dissolved oxygen in the deeper layers is coincident with supersaturated conditions in the shallow layers; this is attributed to plant photosynthesis and bacterial respiration in the reservoir.
During October 1,1979-August 31,1980, thedischargeweighted average concentrations of dissolved solids was 195 milligrams per liter in the combined inflow from Fish, Pondtown, and Mud Creeks, and was 175 milligrams per liter in the outflow (and to the Price River). The smaller concentration in the outflow was due primarily to precipitation of calcium carbonate in the reservoir about 80 percent of the decrease can be accounted for through loss as calcium carbonate.
The estimated discharge-weighted average concentration of total nitrogen (dissolved plus suspended) in the combined inflow of Fish, Pondtown, and Mud Creeks was 1.1 milligrams per liter as nitrogen. The load of total nitrogen contributed by each stream was about proportional to the quantity of water contributed by the respective stream.
For the combined inflow of Fish, Pondtown, and Mud Creeks, the discharge-weighted average concentration of total phosphorus was 0.06 milligram per liter as phosphorus. Percentages of the total phosphorus load contributed by Mud and Pondtown Creeks were significantly larger than their percentages of the total inflow. During October 1, 1979-August 31, 1980, Fish Creek contributed 72 percent of the inflowing water but only 60 percent of the total phosphorus load, Mud Creek contributed 16 percent of the total inflow but 24 percent of the total phosphorus load, and Pondtown Creek contributed 6 percent of the total inflow and 16 percent of the load of total phosphorus.
Eccles Canyon is a major contributor of nutrients to Mud Creek, and most of the nutrient load occurs in the form of suspended organic material. During the snowmelt period, concentrations of total nitrogen and phosphorus were as much as 21 and 4.3 milligrams per liter at the gaging station in Eccles Canyon. The unusually large concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus probably have resulted from flushing of residual debris from the canyon about 27.3 acres of forested land were cleared during 1979 for fire protection around new mine portals and for road rights-of-way.
The concentrations of trace metals in the sediments near the inflow of Mud Creek are not greatly different from those in the middle of the reservoir, which suggests that sediments related to coal mining either have not affected the trace-metal concentrations in the sediments or, particularly for the fine-grained sediments, have been uniformly distributed over the reservoir bottom. The concentration of total extractable mercury in the sediments ranged from 0.08 to 0.20 part per million near the inflow of Mud Creek and from 0.08 to 0.46 part per million at a site near the middle of the reservoir. Virtually all the mercury is silica bound, which is the least soluble fraction. The maximum concentration of mercury in the nondetrital and easily soluble fraction was 0.02 part per million at both sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp2247","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S.Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Waddell, K.M., Darby, D., and Theobald, S., 1985, Chemical and physical characteristics of water and sediment in Scofield Reservoir, Carbon County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2247, v, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2247.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"42","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":29477,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2247/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2247/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Carbon County","otherGeospatial":"Scofield Reservoir","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4802","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddell, Kidd M.","contributorId":20720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"Kidd","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Darby, D.W.","contributorId":49333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darby","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Theobald, S.M.","contributorId":51270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theobald","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26378,"text":"wri854176 - 1985 - Hydrologic factors affecting lake-level fluctuations in Big Marine Lake, Washington County, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-22T19:17:08.589151","indexId":"wri854176","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4176","title":"Hydrologic factors affecting lake-level fluctuations in Big Marine Lake, Washington County, Minnesota","docAbstract":"A study by the U.S. Geological Survey from 1981 through 1984, in cooperation with the Carnelian-Marine Watershed District and the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, investigated the causes of large lake-level fluctuations at Big Marine Lake. Historic records document that Big Marine Lake has changed substantially in surface area during the period 1847 through 1983; the maximum lake-surface area was 2,300 acres in 1847, and the minimum lake-surface area was 890 acres in 1938. A change in lake level of about 11 feet caused these changes in surface area. Serious flooding of lake-shore properties has occurred in recent years because residential development commonly took place during periods of relatively low-lake level during the 1950's and 1960's.
\nEvaporation from the lake was estimated to be approximately equal to incident precipitation on the lake surface on an annual basis. Big Marine Lake does not have a surface-water inlet, and the outlet from the lake is at an elevation well above the stage at which lake-shore property is flooded. Hydrogeologic and geochemical data collected during the study show that (1) fluctuation of water levels at Big Marine Lake is controlled primarily by ground-water discharge to and seepage from the lake, (2) water in the drift aquifer and water in the lake are chemically similar, and (3) changes in the potentiometric surface of the bedrock aquifer have minor effects on changes in lake level.
\nLong-term trends in cumulative departure from mean annual precipitation suggest that recharge to the drift aquifer in the area has been increasing since the 1940's. The increase in precipitation and recharge corresponds to the observed rise in lake level since 1965 when regular lake-level measurements began. Fluctuations in lake level in the future will depend on changes in recharge to the drift and bedrock aquifers, which is directly related to changes in long-term precipitation patterns.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri854176","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Carnelian-Marine Watershed District and the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Brown, R.G., 1985, Hydrologic factors affecting lake-level fluctuations in Big Marine Lake, Washington County, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4176, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854176.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":55170,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4176/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":124091,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4176/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":396263,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36330.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Washington County","otherGeospatial":"Big Marine Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.92,\n 45.27\n ],\n [\n -93.92,\n 45.125\n ],\n [\n -93.75,\n 45.125\n ],\n [\n -93.75,\n 45.27\n ],\n [\n -93.92,\n 45.27\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1ae4b07f02db606b42","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, R. G.","contributorId":106118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196283,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26288,"text":"wri854050 - 1985 - Traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, reaeration, and basin characteristics of the White River, Colorado and Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:17","indexId":"wri854050","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4050","title":"Traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, reaeration, and basin characteristics of the White River, Colorado and Utah","docAbstract":"Traveltime and longitudinal-dispersion characteristics were measured for the White River using dye tracers. Discharges ranged from 281 to 1,840 cubic feet per second and velocities ranged from 1.26 to 3.17 miles per hour. Traveltimes were determined for discharges other than measured discharges by a graphical method and a linear-regression method. Longitudinal-dispersion coefficients ranged from 284 square feet per second at a discharge of 539 cubic feet per second to 5,430 square feet per second at a discharge of 1,580 cubic feet per second. Reaeration was measured in four reaches of the White River during a medium-flow period in August 1982. Reaeration coefficients at 20 degrees Celsius ranged from 5.3 to 25.3 per day. The results of a comparison with measured reaeration coefficients and reaeration coefficients predicted using empirical equations showed that the most accurate equations were by Bennett and Rathbun (1972) and Isaacs and Gaudy (1968). Basin characteristics were computed using U.S. Geological Survey topographic maps, precipitation data from the National Weather Service, and aerial photographs taken on September 11, 1981. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854050","usgsCitation":"Boyle, J.M., and Spahr, N., 1985, Traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, reaeration, and basin characteristics of the White River, Colorado and Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4050, v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854050.","productDescription":"v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156699,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4050/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55096,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4050/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697dd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyle, J. M.","contributorId":46567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spahr, N.E.","contributorId":79476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spahr","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26285,"text":"wri844316 - 1985 - Evaluation of the precipitation-runoff modeling system, Beaver Creek basin, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:25","indexId":"wri844316","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4316","title":"Evaluation of the precipitation-runoff modeling system, Beaver Creek basin, Kentucky","docAbstract":"The Precipitation Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) was evaluated with data from Cane branch and Helton Branch in the Beaver Creek basin of Kentucky. Because of previous studies, 10.6 years of record were available to establish a data base for the basin including 60 storms for Cane Branch and 50 storms for Helton Branch. The model was calibrated initially using data from the 1956-58 water years. Runoff predicted by the model was 94.7% of the observed runoff at Cane Branch (mined area) and 96.9% at Helton Branch (unmined area). After the model and data base were modified, the model was refitted to the 1956-58 data for Helton Branch. It then predicted 98.6% of the runoff for the 10.6-year period. The model parameters from Helton Branch were then used to simulate the Cane Branch runoff and discharge. The model predicted 102.6% of the observed runoff at Cane Branch for the 10.6 years. The simulations produced reasonable storm volumes and peak discharges. Sensitivity analysis of model parameters indicated the parameters associated with soil moisture are the most sensitive. The model was used to predict sediment concentration and daily sediment load for selected storm periods. The sediment computations indicated the model can be used to predict sediment concentrations during storm events. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844316","usgsCitation":"Bower, D., 1985, Evaluation of the precipitation-runoff modeling system, Beaver Creek basin, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4316, v, 39 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844316.","productDescription":"v, 39 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118702,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4316/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55093,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4316/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa05f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bower, D.E.","contributorId":99592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bower","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":25598,"text":"wri854166 - 1985 - Hydrologic effects of ground- and surface-water withdrawals in the Milford area, Elkhart and Kosciusko counties, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-01T10:15:07","indexId":"wri854166","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4166","title":"Hydrologic effects of ground- and surface-water withdrawals in the Milford area, Elkhart and Kosciusko counties, Indiana","docAbstract":"Agricultural irrigation in northern Indiana has increased rapidly since 1975 and might double by the year 2000. A 16.5 square-mile area in north-central Indiana was studied to determine possible effects of increased irrigation on local water supply. In 1982, an average of 2 inches of water was used to irrigate 975 acres of sandy soil overlying highly transmissive outwash deposits. Irrigational pumpage was 75 percent of the summer water use but was less than potential irrigational pumpage because (1) only one-third of the suitable land was irrigated, and (2) precipitation was near normal for the year.
\nA three-dimensional digital flow model, calibrated with data collected in 1982, was used to simulate four hypothetical pumping plans representing various irrigational schemes and possible rainfall conditions: (1) 1982 acreage irrigated and 1982 (above normal) precipitation; (2) 1982 acreage irrigated and below-normal precipitation; (3) maximum acreage irrigated and normal precipitation; and (4) maximum acreage irrigated and below-normal precipitation. A fifth pumping plan was used to simulate maximum year-round water use. Plan 5 was not designed to simulate irrigational development but rather a maximum rate of withdrawal sustainable year-round until steady-state is reached.
\nOf the four pumping plans that simulated irrigational pumpage, plan 4 had the greatest effect on ground- and surface-water supply. Compared with 1982 pumpage, this plan represented a thirteenfold increase in the volume of water pumped for irrigation from wells and from Turkey Creek, a stream bordering the area of study. The model predicted a potentiometric decline of as much as 20.7 feet over an 8-acre area of the aquifer. This decline was one-fourth of the available drawdown and would not dewater the source aquifer. Streamflow in Turkey Creek would be reduced 39 percent by simulated ground-water and surface-water pumpage but remaining flow would still be twice the 7-day, 10-year low flow. However, the model predicted that flow in two smaller streams would be reduced to zero.
\nThe rate of pumping used in plan 5 was nearly 4 times the pumping rate in 1982. Potentiometric decline for plan 5 was as much as 40 percent of available drawdown, and predicted streamflow reduction would cause flow in Turkey Creek to decrease below the 7-day, 10-year low flow.
\nResults of plans 1, 2, 3, and 4 indicate that the outwash system provides adequate water for current (1982) needs and substantial growth for irrigation. However, maximum irrigational development might cause temporary, local competition for water in several parts of the area. Plan 5 indicates .that water use could increase substantially before effects of pumping would prevail year-round.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri854166","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Lindgren, H., Peters, J.G., Cohen, D., and Crompton, E., 1985, Hydrologic effects of ground- and surface-water withdrawals in the Milford area, Elkhart and Kosciusko counties, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4166, vi, 75 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854166.","productDescription":"vi, 75 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"75","numberOfPages":"81","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54342,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4166/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126873,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4166/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Elkhart, Kosciusko","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.7874,41.7615],[-85.7591,41.7613],[-85.6606,41.7608],[-85.6589,41.699],[-85.6575,41.6122],[-85.6554,41.5251],[-85.6542,41.4733],[-85.6552,41.4384],[-85.6538,41.3521],[-85.6527,41.2949],[-85.6518,41.2668],[-85.6522,41.1787],[-85.6876,41.179],[-85.6856,41.0896],[-85.6849,41.0465],[-85.9457,41.0424],[-86.017,41.0414],[-86.0179,41.0863],[-86.0758,41.0851],[-86.0777,41.1736],[-86.0539,41.1735],[-86.0574,41.3033],[-86.059,41.4336],[-86.059,41.4367],[-86.0594,41.4644],[-86.0593,41.474],[-86.0593,41.479],[-86.0592,41.4935],[-86.0598,41.4999],[-86.0624,41.7619],[-85.932,41.7623],[-85.7874,41.7615]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Elkhart\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607040","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindgren, H.A.","contributorId":85627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindgren","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peters, J. G.","contributorId":56216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cohen, D.A.","contributorId":17628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crompton, E. J.","contributorId":70412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crompton","given":"E. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":16616,"text":"ofr85549 - 1985 - Pleistocene and Holocene seismic stratigraphy between the Canning River and Prudhoe Bay, Beaufort Sea, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:05","indexId":"ofr85549","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-549","title":"Pleistocene and Holocene seismic stratigraphy between the Canning River and Prudhoe Bay, Beaufort Sea, Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85549","usgsCitation":"Wolf, S.C., Reimnitz, E., and Barnes, P.W., 1985, Pleistocene and Holocene seismic stratigraphy between the Canning River and Prudhoe Bay, Beaufort Sea, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-549, [4], 50 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85549.","productDescription":"[4], 50 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148940,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0549/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45625,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0549/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c638","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolf, S. C.","contributorId":92220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolf","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reimnitz, Erk","contributorId":17963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reimnitz","given":"Erk","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Barnes, P. W.","contributorId":8819,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnes","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":173157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":25807,"text":"wri854126 - 1985 - Types, features, and occurrence of sinkholes in the karst of west-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-04T21:10:48.510868","indexId":"wri854126","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4126","title":"Types, features, and occurrence of sinkholes in the karst of west-central Florida","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854126","usgsCitation":"Sinclair, W., Stewart, J.W., Knutilla, R., Gilboy, A.E., and Miller, R.L., 1985, Types, features, and occurrence of sinkholes in the karst of west-central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4126, vi, 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854126.","productDescription":"vi, 81 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391401,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36290.htm"},{"id":158407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4126/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54558,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4126/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.95,\n 26.767\n ],\n [\n -81.25,\n 26.767\n ],\n [\n -81.25,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -82.95,\n 29.1\n ],\n [\n -82.95,\n 26.767\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db6236b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sinclair, W. C.","contributorId":65855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinclair","given":"W. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, J. W.","contributorId":72774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knutilla, R. L.","contributorId":65451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knutilla","given":"R. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gilboy, A. E.","contributorId":34173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilboy","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, R. L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":26359,"text":"wri844185 - 1985 - Reconnaissance of ground-water resources in the lower Gunnison River basin, southwestern Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:33","indexId":"wri844185","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4185","title":"Reconnaissance of ground-water resources in the lower Gunnison River basin, southwestern Colorado","docAbstract":"Information about ground-water quantity and quality in the lower Gunnison River basin assists in developing, appropriating, and managing the basin 's water resources. Hydrogeologic data are presented for 51 wells and 61 springs. Chemical analyses are given for 34 wells and 17 springs. Drillers ' reports for 71 wells are included. Springs normally discharge from short alluvial flow systems and commonly are less saline than well water. These springs are a calcium magnesium bicarbonate water type. Spring discharges of as much as 200 gallons per minute were measured. The most productive wells in the study area are completed in alluvium, with reported yields of as much as 750 gallons per minute for an irrigation well. Alluvial gravels are most productive. Specific-conductance values of water samples from alluvial deposits ranged from 80 to 32,200 micromhos per centimeter at 25 Celsius. The Mancos Shale and Mesaverde Formation include aquifers with large areal extents. Reported yields of wells completed in the Mesaverde Formation range from 0.7 to 24 gallons per minute. The Dakota Sandstone, Morrison Formation, and Entrada Sandstone include potential aquifers of lesser extent. Reported yields of wells completed in the Dakota Sandstone range 5 to 14 gallons per minute in the study area. Specific-conductance values of water samples from the Mesaverde Formation ranged from 325 to 5,390 micromhos per centimeter at 25 Celsius. Insufficient data prevented water-quality analysis of other rock units. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844185","usgsCitation":"Brooks, T., and Ackerman, D.J., 1985, Reconnaissance of ground-water resources in the lower Gunnison River basin, southwestern Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4185, v, 30 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844185.","productDescription":"v, 30 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158423,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4185/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55154,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4185/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55155,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4185/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55156,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4185/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a62e4b07f02db636e59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, Tom","contributorId":76356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, D. J.","contributorId":53380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26050,"text":"wri854186 - 1985 - The Dakota aquifer near Pueblo, Colorado: Faults and flow patterns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-23T21:50:37.171059","indexId":"wri854186","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4186","title":"The Dakota aquifer near Pueblo, Colorado: Faults and flow patterns","docAbstract":"The Dakota Sandstone and the underlying Purgatoire Formation consisting of the Glencairn Shale and Lytle Sandstone Members form a board outcrop at the southeastern margin of the Canon City Embankment. The two formations form the Dakota aquifer, which supplies water to many domestic, stock, and irrigation wells in addition to a few municipal wells in the 12-township study area. Five large faults and several small faults, all apparently of high angle, are found in the study area. Analysis of water levels and water quality shows that parts of some of these faults restrict the flow of groundwater in the Dakota aquifer. Lithology of the rocks, particularly in the Dakota Sandstone and in the Glencairn Shale Member, is extremely variable. The lithology appears to affect the flow regime, possibly by determining how a particular segment of a fault affects flow. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854186","usgsCitation":"Banta, E.R., 1985, The Dakota aquifer near Pueblo, Colorado: Faults and flow patterns: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4186, iv, 23 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854186.","productDescription":"iv, 23 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":158062,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4186/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54827,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4186/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":393391,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36340.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Pueblo","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -105.051,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -104.717,\n 38\n ],\n [\n -104.717,\n 38.344\n ],\n [\n -105.051,\n 38.344\n ],\n [\n -105.051,\n 38\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b02e4b07f02db698b3b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Banta, E. R.","contributorId":63038,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Banta","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":3375,"text":"cir926 - 1985 - Bibliography of borehole geophysics as applied to ground-water hydrology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:30","indexId":"cir926","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"926","title":"Bibliography of borehole geophysics as applied to ground-water hydrology","docAbstract":"Most of the references on borehole geophysics that are relevant to ground-water hydrology are contained in this bibliography, but it does not include every reference that is available under each subject heading; the literature is much too extensive to compile a complete listing. \r\n\r\nSome of the references may appear under more than one subject heading because the references commonly relate to more than one main topic. Many articles have been cross-referenced in order to assist the reader in locating an article. For example, the article entitled, 'Application of the acoustic televiewer to the characterization of hydraulic fractures in geothermal wells' is listed under both 'Acoustic televiewer,' and 'Geothermal'. \r\n\r\nThe bibliography is intended to lead the reader to other articles on borehole-geophysical logging and related subjects, because each article cited also will have a list of references, which may be more specialized, covering many subjects with related applications, such as physics, mathematics, chemistry, geology, electronics, acoustics, hydrology, and surface geophysics. However, not all of these related subject headings could be included in this bibliography.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir926","usgsCitation":"Taylor, T.A., and Dey, J.A., 1985, Bibliography of borehole geophysics as applied to ground-water hydrology: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 926, iii, 62 p. ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir926.","productDescription":"iii, 62 p. ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123179,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1985/0926/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30385,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1985/0926/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a50e4b07f02db6296dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, Ticie A.","contributorId":74736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Ticie","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dey, Joyce A.","contributorId":88335,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dey","given":"Joyce","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":146745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":26335,"text":"wri854057 - 1985 - Analysis of water-level fluctuations of the U.S. Highway 90 retention pond, Madison, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T22:02:39.860735","indexId":"wri854057","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4057","title":"Analysis of water-level fluctuations of the U.S. Highway 90 retention pond, Madison, Florida","docAbstract":"A closed basin stormwater retention pond, located 1 mile west of Madison, Florida, has a maximum storage capacity of 134.1 acre-feet at the overtopping altitude of 100.2 feet. The maximum observed altitude (July 1982 to March 1984) was 99.52 feet (126.7 acre-feet) on March 28, 1984. This report provides a technique for simulating net monthly change-in-altitude in response to rainfall and evaporation. A regression equation was developed which relates net monthly change in altitude (dependent variable) to rainfall and evaporation (independent variables). Rainfall frequency curves were developed using a log-Pearson Type III distribution of the annual, January through April, June through August, and July monthly rainfall totals for the years 1908-72, 1974, 1976-82. The altitude of the retention pond increased almost 7 feet during the 4-month period January through April 1983. The rainfall total was 35.1 inches, and the recurrence interval exceeded the 100-year January-April rainfall.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854057","usgsCitation":"Bridges, W.C., 1985, Analysis of water-level fluctuations of the U.S. Highway 90 retention pond, Madison, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4057, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854057.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394154,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36237.htm"},{"id":55134,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4057/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4057/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Madison","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.44,\n 30.45\n ],\n [\n -83.4080,\n 30.45\n ],\n [\n -83.4080,\n 30.476\n ],\n [\n -83.44,\n 30.476\n ],\n [\n -83.44,\n 30.45\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acee4b07f02db67f460","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bridges, W. C.","contributorId":73996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":26057,"text":"wri854210 - 1985 - Cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T10:52:02","indexId":"wri854210","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4210","title":"Cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in South Carolina","docAbstract":"The cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in South Carolina was documented for the 1983 water yr. Data uses and funding sources were identified for the 76 continuous stream gages currently being operated in South Carolina. The budget of $422,200 for collecting and analyzing streamflow data also includes the cost of operating stage-only and crest-stage stations. The streamflow records for one stream gage can be determined by alternate, less costly methods, and should be discontinued. The remaining 75 stations should be maintained in the program for the foreseeable future. The current policy for the operation of the 75 stations including the crest-stage and stage-only stations would require a budget of $417,200/yr. The average standard error of estimation of streamflow records is 16.9% for the present budget with missing record included. However, the standard error of estimation would decrease to 8.5% if complete streamflow records could be obtained. It was shown that the average standard error of estimation of 16.9% could be obtained at the 75 sites with a budget of approximately $395,000 if the gaging resources were redistributed among the gages. A minimum budget of $383,500 is required to operate the program; a budget less than this does not permit proper service and maintenance of the gages and recorders. At the minimum budget, the average standard error is 18.6%. The maximum budget analyzed was $850,000, which resulted in an average standard error of 7.6 %. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, WRD,","doi":"10.3133/wri854210","usgsCitation":"Barker, A., Wright, B., and Bennett, C., 1985, Cost effectiveness of the stream-gaging program in South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4210, vi, 77 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854210.","productDescription":"vi, 77 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54838,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4210/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123640,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4210/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South 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152035,33.350925],[-79.158429,33.332811],[-79.162332,33.327246],[-79.180318,33.254141],[-79.180563,33.237955],[-79.172394,33.206577],[-79.18787,33.173712],[-79.195631,33.166016],[-79.215453,33.155569],[-79.238262,33.137055],[-79.24609,33.124865],[-79.290754,33.110051]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"South Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd24a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barker, A.C.","contributorId":42258,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barker","given":"A.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195726,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wright, B.C.","contributorId":72416,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"B.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195727,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bennett, C.S.","contributorId":13273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195725,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":61203,"text":"mf1383J - 1985 - Map showing abundance and distribution of arsenic in oxide residues of stream-sediment samples, Medford 1 degree by 2 degrees Quadrangle, Oregon-California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T10:15:45","indexId":"mf1383J","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1383","chapter":"J","title":"Map showing abundance and distribution of arsenic in oxide residues of stream-sediment samples, Medford 1 degree by 2 degrees Quadrangle, Oregon-California","docAbstract":"Stream-sediment sampling in the Medford 1o x 2o quadrangle was undertaken to provide to aid in assessment of the mineral resource potential of the quadrangle. This map presents data on the abundance and distribution of copper in the oxide residues (oxalic-acid leachates) of stream sediments and in the minus-0.18-mm sieve fraction of selected stream sediments collected in the quadrangle.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1383J","usgsCitation":"Whittington, C.L., Leinz, R.W., and Grimes, D.J., 1985, Map showing abundance and distribution of arsenic in oxide residues of stream-sediment samples, Medford 1 degree by 2 degrees Quadrangle, Oregon-California: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1383, 49.67 x 24.19 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1383J.","productDescription":"49.67 x 24.19 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":179846,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1383J.PNG"},{"id":327568,"rank":1,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1383-J/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"250000","country":"United States","state":"Oregon","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -124,42 ], [ -124,43 ], [ -122,43 ], [ -122,42 ], [ -124,42 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a94e4b07f02db658bac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whittington, Charles L.","contributorId":52642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whittington","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leinz, Reinhard W.","contributorId":60628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leinz","given":"Reinhard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grimes, David J.","contributorId":36925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grimes","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":265179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":3548,"text":"cir963 - 1985 - APSAS; an Automated Particle Size Analysis System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:33","indexId":"cir963","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":307,"text":"Circular","code":"CIR","onlineIssn":"2330-5703","printIssn":"1067-084X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"963","title":"APSAS; an Automated Particle Size Analysis System","docAbstract":"The Automated Particle Size Analysis System integrates a settling tube and an electroresistance multichannel particle-size analyzer (Coulter Counter) with a Pro-Comp/gg microcomputer and a Hewlett Packard 2100 MX(HP 2100 MX) minicomputer. This system and its associated software digitize the raw sediment grain-size data, combine the coarse- and fine-fraction data into complete grain-size distributions, perform method of moments and inclusive graphics statistics, verbally classify the sediment, generate histogram and cumulative frequency plots, and transfer the results into a data-retrieval system. This system saves time and labor and affords greater reliability, resolution, and reproducibility than conventional methods do.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/cir963","usgsCitation":"Poppe, L., Eliason, A., and Fredericks, J., 1985, APSAS; an Automated Particle Size Analysis System: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 963, iii, 77 p. :ill. ;26 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/cir963.","productDescription":"iii, 77 p. :ill. ;26 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123012,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1985/0963/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":30568,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1985/0963/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a48cc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poppe, Lawrence J. lpoppe@usgs.gov","contributorId":2149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"Lawrence J.","email":"lpoppe@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":147138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eliason, A.H.","contributorId":40972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eliason","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fredericks, J.J.","contributorId":77517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fredericks","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":147140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26358,"text":"wri854125 - 1985 - Hydrology of coal-lease areas near Durango, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:33","indexId":"wri854125","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4125","title":"Hydrology of coal-lease areas near Durango, Colorado","docAbstract":"The U.S. Bureau of Land Management leases Federal lands and minerals for coal mining near Durango, Colorado. This report addresses the hydrologic suitability of those lands for coal leasing; the report describes the general hydrology of the Durango area and, more specifically, the hydrology of the Stollsteimer Creek study area 32 miles east of the Durango and the Hay Gulch study area, 12 miles southwest of Durango. The most productive aquifers in the Durango study area are Quaternary alluvium and the tertiary Animas Formation. Water wells completed in alluvium typically yield 5 to 20 gallons/min; wells completed is the Animas Formation yield as much as 50 gallons/min. Water quality in these aquifers is variable, but it generally is suitable for domestic use. The coal-bearing Cretaceous Fruitland and Menefee Formations are mined by surface methods at the Chimney Rock Mine in the Stollsteimer Creek study area and by underground methods at the National King Coal Mine in the Hay Gulch study area. Effects of surface mining in the Stollsteimer Creek area are: (1) Dewatering of an alluvial aquifer; and (2) Local degradation of alluvium water quality by spoil-pile effluent. Effects of underground mining in the Hay Gulch area are: (1) Introduction of water with greater dissolved-solids concentrations into the upper Hay Gulch alluvium from mine runoff; (2) Subsidence fracturing which could dewater streams and the alluvial aquifer. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854125","usgsCitation":"Brooks, T., 1985, Hydrology of coal-lease areas near Durango, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4125, v, 46 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854125.","productDescription":"v, 46 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4125/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55153,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4125/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db667028","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, Tom","contributorId":76356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":16473,"text":"ofr85378 - 1985 - Detailed sections from auger holes and outcrops in the Cainhoy, Charleston, and Fort Moultrie quadrangles, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:18","indexId":"ofr85378","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-378","title":"Detailed sections from auger holes and outcrops in the Cainhoy, Charleston, and Fort Moultrie quadrangles, South Carolina","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85378","usgsCitation":"Weems, R., and Lemon, E.M., 1985, Detailed sections from auger holes and outcrops in the Cainhoy, Charleston, and Fort Moultrie quadrangles, South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-378, vi, 72 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85378.","productDescription":"vi, 72 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":150431,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0378/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":45447,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0378/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667b65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Weems, R.E.","contributorId":44920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weems","given":"R.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lemon, E. M. Jr.","contributorId":106501,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lemon","given":"E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":172912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":60909,"text":"mf1626C - 1985 - Geochemical survey of the Devil's Den Roadless Area, Rutland and Windsor counties, Vermont","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-23T09:27:03","indexId":"mf1626C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":325,"text":"Miscellaneous Field Studies Map","code":"MF","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1626","chapter":"C","title":"Geochemical survey of the Devil's Den Roadless Area, Rutland and Windsor counties, Vermont","docAbstract":"The Devils Den Roadless Area comprises 8,830 acres of mountainous terrane in the Green Mountain National Forest, Rutland and Windsor Counties, Vt. (Index Map). Ludlow, the nearest large community, is approximately 7 air miles northeast of the study area. The small villages of Weston and East Wallingford are 3 to 5 mi to the south and north, respectively. Total relief is nearly 1,200 ft, ranging from a low elevation of 1,640 ft along the southwestern edge of the area, to a high point of about 2,860 ft in the northwest portion. Principal access is provided by state Route 100 and 155 on the southeast and northeast, and by Forest Service Road 10 along the western boundary. Old logging roads and foot trails allow entry to the interior of the study area. Several swamps and one small pond are located in topographically low areas. Drainage is principally to the south and southeast by tributaries of the south-flowing West River, ultimately discharging into the Connecticut River near Brattleboro.
\nThe Devils Den area is named for a large undercut cliff (Dale, 1915, p. 21) developed in Precambrian basement rocks. This undercut cliff forms a broad natural cave immediately west of and below Forest Service Road 10, at the head of Mt. Tabor Brook. Another much smaller cave is present in dolomite of probable Paleozoic (Early Cambrian) age on the east side of the same road. This smaller cave apparently is of artificial origin, having been made during early mining of the dolomite (Dale, 1915, p. 21). This man-made cave is the only evidence of previous mining activity within the study area.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/mf1626C","isbn":"0607814357","usgsCitation":"Slack, J.F., Atelsek, P., and Grosz, A.E., 1985, Geochemical survey of the Devil's Den Roadless Area, Rutland and Windsor counties, Vermont: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map 1626, Plate: 55.23 x 42.09 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/mf1626C.","productDescription":"Plate: 55.23 x 42.09 inches","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":326357,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/mf1626C.JPG"},{"id":327489,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/mf/1626-C/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Vermont","county":"Rutland County, Windsor County","otherGeospatial":"Devil's Den Roadless Area","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -72.91805555555555,43.301111111111105 ], [ -72.91805555555555,43.38472222222222 ], [ -72.80111111111111,43.38472222222222 ], [ -72.80111111111111,43.301111111111105 ], [ -72.91805555555555,43.301111111111105 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b20e4b07f02db6abaa3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slack, J. F.","contributorId":75917,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slack","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Atelsek, P.J.","contributorId":104069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atelsek","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grosz, A. E.","contributorId":87925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grosz","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":264598,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":44480,"text":"wri844360 - 1985 - Ground-water levels in the Columbia River basalt and overlying materials, spring 1983, southeastern Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-05-19T18:40:18.783766","indexId":"wri844360","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4360","title":"Ground-water levels in the Columbia River basalt and overlying materials, spring 1983, southeastern Washington","docAbstract":"A 2 1/2-year study of the Columbia Plateau in Washington was begun in March 1982 to define spatial and temporal variations in dissolved sodium in aquifers of the Columbia River Basalt Group and to relate these variations to the groundwater system and its geologic framework. This report is part of that study and describes groundwater level contours for four major geohydrologic units in southeastern Washington, constructed from water-level data collected from approximately 1,100 wells during the spring of 1983, data from U.S. Geological Survey studies in the area, and other indirect methods. Configuration of the groundwater level contours is controlled by: (1) extent of a geohydrologic unit and geologic structure, (2) recharge from precipitation and surface water bodies, (3) rivers, lakes, and coulees that drain the groundwater system, and (4) hydraulic conductivities of each unit. Upgradient flexures of water level contours north of Connel, Washington, show effects of prolonged irrigation while downgradient flexures in an area south of Potholes Reservoir, in the vicinity of the East Low Irrigation Canal, show the effects of increased man-induced recharge. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844360","usgsCitation":"Bauer, H.H., Vaccaro, J.J., and Lane, R.C., 1985, Ground-water levels in the Columbia River basalt and overlying materials, spring 1983, southeastern Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4360, 4 Plates: 44.10 × 29.00 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844360.","productDescription":"4 Plates: 44.10 × 29.00 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":134642,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":400826,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36191.htm"},{"id":81838,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4360/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":81837,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4360/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":81836,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4360/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":81835,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4360/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"500000","country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River basalt","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121,\n 45.603\n ],\n [\n -116.903,\n 45.603\n ],\n [\n -116.903,\n 48.2440\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 48.2440\n ],\n [\n -121,\n 45.603\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b13e4b07f02db6a384e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bauer, H. H.","contributorId":85142,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bauer","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229850,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vaccaro, John J. jvaccaro@usgs.gov","contributorId":5848,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vaccaro","given":"John","email":"jvaccaro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":229848,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lane, R. C.","contributorId":6421,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229849,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":48911,"text":"ofr85136 - 1985 - Reconnaissance geologic map of the Skinner-Lowelltown area, Somerset and Franklin Counties, Maine","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-12T21:24:52.790214","indexId":"ofr85136","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-136","title":"Reconnaissance geologic map of the Skinner-Lowelltown area, Somerset and Franklin Counties, Maine","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr85136","usgsCitation":"Goldsmith, R., 1985, Reconnaissance geologic map of the Skinner-Lowelltown area, Somerset and Franklin Counties, Maine: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-136, 2 Plates: 31.94 × 23.58 inches and 24.64 × 23.28 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85136.","productDescription":"2 Plates: 31.94 × 23.58 inches and 24.64 × 23.28 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":161762,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":398342,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_16484.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":85803,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0136/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":85804,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0136/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Maine","county":"Franklin County, Somerset County","otherGeospatial":"Skinner-Lowelltown area","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.73,\n 45.458\n ],\n [\n -70.5,\n 45.458\n ],\n [\n -70.5,\n 45.569\n ],\n [\n -70.73,\n 45.569\n ],\n [\n -70.73,\n 45.458\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a70e4b07f02db6416b4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldsmith, Richard","contributorId":33283,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldsmith","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":238555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}