{"pageNumber":"4513","pageRowStart":"112800","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165626,"records":[{"id":26335,"text":"wri854057 - 1985 - Analysis of water-level fluctuations of the U.S. Highway 90 retention pond, Madison, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-10T22:02:39.860735","indexId":"wri854057","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4057","title":"Analysis of water-level fluctuations of the U.S. Highway 90 retention pond, Madison, Florida","docAbstract":"<p>A closed basin stormwater retention pond, located 1 mile west of Madison, Florida, has a maximum storage capacity of 134.1 acre-feet at the overtopping altitude of 100.2 feet. The maximum observed altitude (July 1982 to March 1984) was 99.52 feet (126.7 acre-feet) on March 28, 1984. This report provides a technique for simulating net monthly change-in-altitude in response to rainfall and evaporation. A regression equation was developed which relates net monthly change in altitude (dependent variable) to rainfall and evaporation (independent variables). Rainfall frequency curves were developed using a log-Pearson Type III distribution of the annual, January through April, June through August, and July monthly rainfall totals for the years 1908-72, 1974, 1976-82. The altitude of the retention pond increased almost 7 feet during the 4-month period January through April 1983. The rainfall total was 35.1 inches, and the recurrence interval exceeded the 100-year January-April rainfall.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854057","usgsCitation":"Bridges, W.C., 1985, Analysis of water-level fluctuations of the U.S. Highway 90 retention pond, Madison, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4057, iv, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854057.","productDescription":"iv, 19 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":394154,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36237.htm"},{"id":55134,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4057/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":119063,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4057/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Madison","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -83.44,\n              30.45\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.4080,\n              30.45\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.4080,\n              30.476\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.44,\n              30.476\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.44,\n              30.45\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acee4b07f02db67f460","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bridges, W. C.","contributorId":73996,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bridges","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196202,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26511,"text":"wri854003 - 1985 - Transit losses and traveltimes for reservoir releases during drought conditions along the Neosho River from Council Grove Lake to Iola, east-central Kansas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-02T21:23:29.205216","indexId":"wri854003","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4003","title":"Transit losses and traveltimes for reservoir releases during drought conditions along the Neosho River from Council Grove Lake to Iola, east-central Kansas","docAbstract":"Knowledge of the transit losses and water-wave traveltimes in the Neosho River for varying reservoir-release volumes and durations is necessary for proper management of water supply. Two reaches were studied along the Neosho River in east-central Kansas. The upper reach is from Council Grove Lake to John Redmond Reservoir, a distance of 83.0 river miles. The lower reach is from John Redmond Reservoir to Iola, Kansas, a distance of 56.3 river miles. Channel and aquifer characteristics were estimated from available data and used in a streamflow routing model. These estimated characteristics were verified using the model by comparing simulated reservoir releases to observed reservoir releases. The verified model then was used to simulate transit losses (or gains) and traveltimes for selected reservoir release volumes and durations from Council Grove Lake to Iola. Transit losses and traveltimes were investigated for the selected reservoir releases while under a severe drought antecedent streamflow condition (zero base flow) and a less severe drought antecedent streamflow condition (2% drought base flows). The largest total transit loss from Council Grove Lake to Iola occurred during the severe drought antecedent streamflow condition, small reservoir release rates, and long reservoir release durations. The total transit loss included water that was temporarily lost to bank storage. For a severe drought condition, transit losses ranged from 1,100 acre-ft for a release volume of 1,840 acre-ft for a duration of 50 days to 6 ,280 acre-ft for a release volume of 6,280 acre-ft for a duration of 365 days. For a less severe drought condition, transit losses ranged from 860 acre-ft to 3,234 acre-ft for the same release volumes and durations as for the severe drought condition. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854003","usgsCitation":"Carswell, W., and Hart, R.J., 1985, Transit losses and traveltimes for reservoir releases during drought conditions along the Neosho River from Council Grove Lake to Iola, east-central Kansas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4003, vi, 40 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854003.","productDescription":"vi, 40 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391291,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36202.htm"},{"id":55381,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4003/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":157854,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4003/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Kansas","city":"Iola","otherGeospatial":"Council Grove Lake, Neosho River","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -96.5,\n              37.829\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.383,\n              37.829\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.383,\n              38.705\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.5,\n              38.705\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.5,\n              37.829\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f5e4b07f02db5f0b38","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carswell, W. J.","contributorId":71213,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carswell","given":"W. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196519,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, R. J.","contributorId":62607,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196518,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":25868,"text":"wri854092 - 1985 - Description of water-systems operations in the Arkansas River basin, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:31","indexId":"wri854092","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4092","title":"Description of water-systems operations in the Arkansas River basin, Colorado","docAbstract":"To facilitate a current project modeling the hydrology of the Arkansas River basin in Colorado, a description of the regulation of water in the basin is necessary. The geographic and climatic setting of the Arkansas River basin that necessitates the use, reuse, importation, and storage of water are discussed. The history of water-resource development in the basin, leading to the present complex of water systems, also is discussed. Municipal, irrigation, industrial, and multipurpose water systems are described. System descriptions are illustrated with schematic line drawings, and supplemented with physical data tables for the lakes, tunnels, conduits, and canals in the various systems. Copies of criteria under which certain of the water systems operate, are included. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854092","usgsCitation":"Abbott, P., 1985, Description of water-systems operations in the Arkansas River basin, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4092, xii, 67 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854092.","productDescription":"xii, 67 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123984,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4092/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54617,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4092/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54618,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4092/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54619,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4092/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54620,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4092/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54621,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4092/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668ffd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Abbott, P.O.","contributorId":21154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Abbott","given":"P.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25598,"text":"wri854166 - 1985 - Hydrologic effects of ground- and surface-water withdrawals in the Milford area, Elkhart and Kosciusko counties, Indiana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-01T10:15:07","indexId":"wri854166","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4166","title":"Hydrologic effects of ground- and surface-water withdrawals in the Milford area, Elkhart and Kosciusko counties, Indiana","docAbstract":"<p>Agricultural irrigation in northern Indiana has increased rapidly since 1975 and might double by the year 2000. A 16.5 square-mile area in north-central Indiana was studied to determine possible effects of increased irrigation on local water supply. In 1982, an average of 2 inches of water was used to irrigate 975 acres of sandy soil overlying highly transmissive outwash deposits. Irrigational pumpage was 75 percent of the summer water use but was less than potential irrigational pumpage because (1) only one-third of the suitable land was irrigated, and (2) precipitation was near normal for the year.</p>\n<p>A three-dimensional digital flow model, calibrated with data collected in 1982, was used to simulate four hypothetical pumping plans representing various irrigational schemes and possible rainfall conditions: (1) 1982 acreage irrigated and 1982 (above normal) precipitation; (2) 1982 acreage irrigated and below-normal precipitation; (3) maximum acreage irrigated and normal precipitation; and (4) maximum acreage irrigated and below-normal precipitation. A fifth pumping plan was used to simulate maximum year-round water use. Plan 5 was not designed to simulate irrigational development but rather a maximum rate of withdrawal sustainable year-round until steady-state is reached.</p>\n<p>Of the four pumping plans that simulated irrigational pumpage, plan 4 had the greatest effect on ground- and surface-water supply. Compared with 1982 pumpage, this plan represented a thirteenfold increase in the volume of water pumped for irrigation from wells and from Turkey Creek, a stream bordering the area of study. The model predicted a potentiometric decline of as much as 20.7 feet over an 8-acre area of the aquifer. This decline was one-fourth of the available drawdown and would not dewater the source aquifer. Streamflow in Turkey Creek would be reduced 39 percent by simulated ground-water and surface-water pumpage but remaining flow would still be twice the 7-day, 10-year low flow. However, the model predicted that flow in two smaller streams would be reduced to zero.</p>\n<p>The rate of pumping used in plan 5 was nearly 4 times the pumping rate in 1982. Potentiometric decline for plan 5 was as much as 40 percent of available drawdown, and predicted streamflow reduction would cause flow in Turkey Creek to decrease below the 7-day, 10-year low flow.</p>\n<p>Results of plans 1, 2, 3, and 4 indicate that the outwash system provides adequate water for current (1982) needs and substantial growth for irrigation. However, maximum irrigational development might cause temporary, local competition for water in several parts of the area. Plan 5 indicates .that water use could increase substantially before effects of pumping would prevail year-round.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Indianapolis, IN","doi":"10.3133/wri854166","collaboration":"Indiana Department of Natural Resources","usgsCitation":"Lindgren, H., Peters, J.G., Cohen, D., and Crompton, E., 1985, Hydrologic effects of ground- and surface-water withdrawals in the Milford area, Elkhart and Kosciusko counties, Indiana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4166, vi, 75 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854166.","productDescription":"vi, 75 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","startPage":"1","endPage":"75","numberOfPages":"81","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":346,"text":"Indiana Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":54342,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4166/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":126873,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4166/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Indiana","county":"Elkhart, Kosciusko","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-85.7874,41.7615],[-85.7591,41.7613],[-85.6606,41.7608],[-85.6589,41.699],[-85.6575,41.6122],[-85.6554,41.5251],[-85.6542,41.4733],[-85.6552,41.4384],[-85.6538,41.3521],[-85.6527,41.2949],[-85.6518,41.2668],[-85.6522,41.1787],[-85.6876,41.179],[-85.6856,41.0896],[-85.6849,41.0465],[-85.9457,41.0424],[-86.017,41.0414],[-86.0179,41.0863],[-86.0758,41.0851],[-86.0777,41.1736],[-86.0539,41.1735],[-86.0574,41.3033],[-86.059,41.4336],[-86.059,41.4367],[-86.0594,41.4644],[-86.0593,41.474],[-86.0593,41.479],[-86.0592,41.4935],[-86.0598,41.4999],[-86.0624,41.7619],[-85.932,41.7623],[-85.7874,41.7615]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Elkhart\",\"state\":\"IN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a1be4b07f02db607040","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lindgren, H.A.","contributorId":85627,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindgren","given":"H.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peters, J. G.","contributorId":56216,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peters","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cohen, D.A.","contributorId":17628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohen","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Crompton, E. J.","contributorId":70412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Crompton","given":"E. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":26252,"text":"wri854158 - 1985 - Satellite data-relay activities in Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:22","indexId":"wri854158","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4158","title":"Satellite data-relay activities in Arizona","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Arizona District collects data from automated streamflow stations for a wide variety of uses. Data from these stations are provided to Federal, State, and local agencies that have a responsibility to issue flood warnings; to generate forecasts of water availability; to monitor flow to insure compliance with treaties and other legal mandates; and to manage reservoirs for hydropower, flood abatement, and municipal and irrigation water supply. In the mid-1970's, the escalation of data collection costs and a need for more timely data led the Arizona District to examine alternatives for remote data acquisition. On the basis of successful data communications experiments with NASA 's Landsat satellite, an operational system for satellite-data relay was developed in 1976 using the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrations 's (NOAA) Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES). A total of 62 data collection platforms (DCP's) was operated in 1983. Satellite telemetry operations are controlled at the remote data-collection stations by small battery-operated data collection platforms. The DCP 's periodically collect data from the sensors, store the data in computer memory, and at preset times transmit the data to the GOES satellite. The satellite retransmits the data to Earth where a ground-receive station transmits or transfers the data by land communications to the USGS computer in Reston, Virginia, for processing. The satellite relay transfers the data from sensor to computer in minutes; therefore, the data are available to users on a near real-time basis. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854158","usgsCitation":"Boner, F.C., Blee, J., and Shope, W., 1985, Satellite data-relay activities in Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4158, iv, 22 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854158.","productDescription":"iv, 22 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157674,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4158/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55052,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4158/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd9da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boner, F. C.","contributorId":32136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boner","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196063,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blee, J.W.","contributorId":63815,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blee","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196064,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shope, W.G.","contributorId":17272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shope","given":"W.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196062,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":24301,"text":"ofr85630 - 1985 - Composition of rainfall runoff from limestone and marble at Research Triangle Park, North Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T14:37:37","indexId":"ofr85630","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-630","title":"Composition of rainfall runoff from limestone and marble at Research Triangle Park, North Carolina","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey :\r\nWestern Distribution Branch [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr85630","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Reddy, M., and Werner, M., 1985, Composition of rainfall runoff from limestone and marble at Research Triangle Park, North Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-630, iii, 6 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85630.","productDescription":"iii, 6 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":155082,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0630/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53414,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0630/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Research Triangle 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Carolina\",\"nation\":\"USA  \"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ae4b07f02db6a80aa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reddy, M.M.","contributorId":24363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reddy","given":"M.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191657,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Werner, Marilyn","contributorId":17642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"Marilyn","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26475,"text":"wri854206 - 1985 - Effects of potential surface coal mining on dissolved solids in Otter Creek and in the Otter Creek alluvial aquifer, southeastern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:34","indexId":"wri854206","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4206","title":"Effects of potential surface coal mining on dissolved solids in Otter Creek and in the Otter Creek alluvial aquifer, southeastern Montana","docAbstract":"Otter Creek drains an area of 709 square miles in the coal-rich Powder River structural basin of southeastern Montana. The Knobloch coal beds in the Tongue River Member of the Paleocene Fort Union Formation is a shallow aquifer and a target for future surface mining in the downstream part of the Otter Creek basin. A mass-balance model was used to estimate the effects of potential mining on the dissolved solids concentration in Otter Creek and in the alluvial aquifer in the Otter Creek valley. With extensive mining of the Knobloch coal beds, the annual load of dissolved solids to Otter Creek at Ashland at median streamflow could increase by 2,873 tons, or a 32-percent increase compared to the annual pre-mining load. Increased monthly loads of Otter Creek, at the median streamflow, could range from 15 percent in February to 208 percent in August. The post-mining dissolved solids load to the subirrigated part of the alluvial valley could increase by 71 percent. The median dissolved solids concentration in the subirrigated part of the valley could be 4,430 milligrams per liter, compared to the pre-mining median concentration of 2,590 milligrams per liter. Post-mining loads from the potentially mined landscape were calculated using saturated-paste-extract data from 506 overburdened samples collected from 26 wells and test holes. Post-mining loads to the Otter Creek valley likely would continue at increased rates for hundreds of years after mining. If the actual area of Knobloch coal disturbed by mining were less than that used in the model, post-mining loads to the Otter Creek valley would be proportionally smaller. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854206","usgsCitation":"Cannon, M.R., 1985, Effects of potential surface coal mining on dissolved solids in Otter Creek and in the Otter Creek alluvial aquifer, southeastern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4206, v, 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854206.","productDescription":"v, 52 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123873,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4206/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55294,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4206/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55295,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4206/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55296,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4206/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a29e4b07f02db611a14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cannon, M. R.","contributorId":99140,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196457,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26285,"text":"wri844316 - 1985 - Evaluation of the precipitation-runoff modeling system, Beaver Creek basin, Kentucky","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:25","indexId":"wri844316","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4316","title":"Evaluation of the precipitation-runoff modeling system, Beaver Creek basin, Kentucky","docAbstract":"The Precipitation Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) was evaluated with data from Cane branch and Helton Branch in the Beaver Creek basin of Kentucky. Because of previous studies, 10.6 years of record were available to establish a data base for the basin including 60 storms for Cane Branch and 50 storms for Helton Branch. The model was calibrated initially using data from the 1956-58 water years. Runoff predicted by the model was 94.7% of the observed runoff at Cane Branch (mined area) and 96.9% at Helton Branch (unmined area). After the model and data base were modified, the model was refitted to the 1956-58 data for Helton Branch. It then predicted 98.6% of the runoff for the 10.6-year period. The model parameters from Helton Branch were then used to simulate the Cane Branch runoff and discharge. The model predicted 102.6% of the observed runoff at Cane Branch for the 10.6 years. The simulations produced reasonable storm volumes and peak discharges. Sensitivity analysis of model parameters indicated the parameters associated with soil moisture are the most sensitive. The model was used to predict sediment concentration and daily sediment load for selected storm periods. The sediment computations indicated the model can be used to predict sediment concentrations during storm events. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844316","usgsCitation":"Bower, D., 1985, Evaluation of the precipitation-runoff modeling system, Beaver Creek basin, Kentucky: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4316, v, 39 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844316.","productDescription":"v, 39 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118702,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4316/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55093,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4316/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa05f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bower, D.E.","contributorId":99592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bower","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26460,"text":"wri854168 - 1985 - Documentation of a Regional Aquifer Simulation Model, RAQSIM, and a description of support programs applied in the Twin Platte-Middle Republican Study Area, Nebraska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-31T20:42:18.57282","indexId":"wri854168","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4168","title":"Documentation of a Regional Aquifer Simulation Model, RAQSIM, and a description of support programs applied in the Twin Platte-Middle Republican Study Area, Nebraska","docAbstract":"RAQSIM, a generalized flow model of a groundwater system using finite-element methods, is documented to explain how it works and to demonstrate that it gives valid results. Three support programs that are used to compute recharge and discharge data required as input to RAQSIM are described. RAQSIM was developed to solve transient, two-dimensional, regional groundwater flow problems with isotropic or anisotropic conductance. The model can also simulate radially-symmetric flow to a well and steady-state flow. The mathematical basis, program structure, data input and output procedures, organization of data sets, and program features and options of RAQSIM are discussed. An example , containing listings of data and results and illustrating RAQSIM 's capabilities, is discussed in detail. Two test problems also are discussed comparing RAQSIM 's results with analytical procedures. The first support program described, the PET Program, uses solar radiation and other climatic data in the Jensen-Haise method to compute potential evapotranspiration. The second support program, the Soil-Water Program, uses output from the PET Program, soil characteristics, and the ratio of potential to actual evapotranspiration for each crop to compute infiltration, storage, and removal of water from the soil zone. The third program, the Recharge-Discharge Program, uses output from the Soil-Water Program together with other data to compute recharge and discharge from the groundwater flow system. For each support program, a program listing and examples of the data and results for the Twin Platte-Middle Republican study are provided. In addition, a brief discussion on how each program operates and on procedures for running and modifying these programs are presented. (Author 's abstract)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854168","usgsCitation":"Cady, R.E., and Peckenpaugh, J.M., 1985, Documentation of a Regional Aquifer Simulation Model, RAQSIM, and a description of support programs applied in the Twin Platte-Middle Republican Study Area, Nebraska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4168, vi, 239 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854168.","productDescription":"vi, 239 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395180,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49205.htm"},{"id":55280,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4168/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123695,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4168/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","otherGeospatial":"Twin Platte - Middle Republican study area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -101.25,\n              40.1333\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.6667,\n              40.1333\n            ],\n            [\n              -99.6667,\n              41.1667\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.25,\n              41.1667\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.25,\n              40.1333\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a62e4b07f02db6363da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cady, R. E.","contributorId":103324,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cady","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peckenpaugh, J. M.","contributorId":69559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peckenpaugh","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":24073,"text":"ofr85480 - 1985 - WRD data reports preparation guide","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:19","indexId":"ofr85480","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-480","title":"WRD data reports preparation guide","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division :\r\nPublications Planning Unit [distributor],","doi":"10.3133/ofr85480","issn":"0094-9140","usgsCitation":"Novak, C., 1985, WRD data reports preparation guide: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-480, viii, 331 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85480.","productDescription":"viii, 331 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":157250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0480/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":53241,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0480/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0de4b07f02db5fd52b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Novak, C.E.","contributorId":105337,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Novak","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":191273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26214,"text":"wri844347 - 1985 - Low flows and flow duration of Tennessee streams through 1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:33","indexId":"wri844347","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4347","title":"Low flows and flow duration of Tennessee streams through 1981","docAbstract":"Estimates of low-flow characteristics and flow duration for the period of record at continuous-record streamflow gages are essential in hydrologic studies and water-resources management. This report provides estimates of low flow for 1, 3, 7, 14, 30, 60, and 90 consecutive days for recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10 , and 20 years for continuous-record streamflow gages in Tennessee. These estimates were used in correlation methods to estimate low flow at partial-record streamflow sites for 1, 3, and 7 consecutive days for a recurrence interval of 10 years; and 3 consecutive days for a recurrence interval of 20 years. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844347","usgsCitation":"Bingham, R., 1985, Low flows and flow duration of Tennessee streams through 1981: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4347, iii, 325 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844347.","productDescription":"iii, 325 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":2104,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wri844347","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":119111,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_84_4347.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a74e4b07f02db64491c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bingham, R.H.","contributorId":37301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bingham","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26078,"text":"wri844305 - 1985 - Hydrology of the southern parts of Okaloosa and Walton Counties, northwest Florida, with special emphasis on the upper limestone of the Floridan aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-10T21:38:36.387139","indexId":"wri844305","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4305","title":"Hydrology of the southern parts of Okaloosa and Walton Counties, northwest Florida, with special emphasis on the upper limestone of the Floridan aquifer","docAbstract":"<p>Increasing population in southern Okaloosa and Walton Counties have resulted in regional declines in the potentiometric surface of the upper limestone of the Floridan aquifer. Water levels have declined as much as 160 feet since 1940, and during peak seasonal demand as much as 190 feet. The Pensacola clay confining bed inhibits interchange of water between the Floridan aquifer and the surficial sand-and-gravel aquifer. The latter aquifer is of secondary importance as a public supply source. The Bucatunna clay confining bed separates the Floridan into upper and lower limestone units; the Floridan is underlain by the relatively impermeable Lisbon/Tallahatta confining unit. The Floridan aquifer dips south to the Gulf of Mexico, and is recharged by rainfall in northern Okaloosa and Walton Counties and in Alabama. The regional gradient of the potentiometric surface of the upper limestone, and presumably that of the lower limstone also, is south. Pumpage was variable in 1978; from 10.9 to 19.0 million gallons per day in January and June, respectively. Saline water in the upper limestone of the Floridan aquifer is less than 10 milligrams per liter inland but may be more than 150 milligrams per liter along the coast. Lower limestone water may exceed 250 milligrams per liter chloride.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri844305","usgsCitation":"Barr, D.E., Hayes, L.R., and Kwader, T., 1985, Hydrology of the southern parts of Okaloosa and Walton Counties, northwest Florida, with special emphasis on the upper limestone of the Floridan aquifer: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4305, vi, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844305.","productDescription":"vi, 66 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411671,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36146.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":54850,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4305/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":123434,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4305/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Okaloosa County, Walton County","otherGeospatial":"Florida aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -86.817,\n              30.417\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.083,\n              30.417\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.083,\n              30.717\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.817,\n              30.717\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.817,\n              30.417\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db667057","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Barr, D. E.","contributorId":55469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barr","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, L. R.","contributorId":50931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kwader, Thomas","contributorId":9301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kwader","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":25807,"text":"wri854126 - 1985 - Types, features, and occurrence of sinkholes in the karst of west-central Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-04T21:10:48.510868","indexId":"wri854126","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4126","title":"Types, features, and occurrence of sinkholes in the karst of west-central Florida","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854126","usgsCitation":"Sinclair, W., Stewart, J.W., Knutilla, R., Gilboy, A.E., and Miller, R.L., 1985, Types, features, and occurrence of sinkholes in the karst of west-central Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4126, vi, 81 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854126.","productDescription":"vi, 81 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391401,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36290.htm"},{"id":158407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4126/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54558,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4126/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.95,\n              26.767\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.25,\n              26.767\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.25,\n              29.1\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.95,\n              29.1\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.95,\n              26.767\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a48e4b07f02db6236b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sinclair, W. C.","contributorId":65855,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sinclair","given":"W. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stewart, J. W.","contributorId":72774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knutilla, R. L.","contributorId":65451,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knutilla","given":"R. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gilboy, A. E.","contributorId":34173,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gilboy","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Miller, R. L.","contributorId":54178,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miller","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":25508,"text":"wri844145 - 1985 - Fishery survey and related limnological conditions of Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T11:36:14","indexId":"wri844145","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4145","title":"Fishery survey and related limnological conditions of Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Bluegill (<i>Lepomis macrochirus</i>), pumpkinseed sunfish (<i>Lepomis gibbosus</i>), largemouth bass (<i>Micropterus salmoides</i>), yellow perch (<i>Perca flavescens</i>) rock bass (<i>Amploplites rupestris</i>), black crappie (<i>Pomozis nigromaculatus</i>), and northern pike (<i>Esox lucius</i>) were found in Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota, during a fishery survey of the lake in late August 1982. The most abundant fish were the bluegills. These fish live in the large littoral zone of the lake; this zone underlies 55% of the surface area of the lake. The most ubiquitous benthic invertebrate in the littoral zone (<i>amphipods</i>) and the most abundant benthic invertebrate (<i>chironomid larvae</i>) were major food sources for the bluegill. Other organisms found in the stomach contents of fish collected in this survey were zooplankton, gastropods, <i>Diptera</i> larvae, odonates, terrestrial insects, and other fish. Daphnia were the only zooplankters of a diverse plankton community that were found in stomach contents. The abundance of fish other than bluegill was typical for a system in which northern pike is the major predator.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Lakewood, CO","doi":"10.3133/wri844145","usgsCitation":"Taylor, W., LaBaugh, J.W., Freeberg, M., and Dowling, D., 1985, Fishery survey and related limnological conditions of Williams Lake, Hubbard County, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4145, iv, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844145.","productDescription":"iv, 25 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123645,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4145/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54225,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4145/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","county":"Hubbard County","otherGeospatial":"Williams Lake","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[-95.1817,47.4124],[-94.6911,47.4106],[-94.6711,47.4103],[-94.6708,47.3225],[-94.6628,47.3221],[-94.6624,47.1498],[-94.6623,47.1429],[-94.664,46.9771],[-94.6554,46.9772],[-94.6597,46.8041],[-94.7856,46.8058],[-94.8752,46.8063],[-95.1643,46.8072],[-95.1646,46.9789],[-95.1713,46.9788],[-95.1724,47.049],[-95.1696,47.1496],[-95.1694,47.3238],[-95.1827,47.3241],[-95.1817,47.4124]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Hubbard\",\"state\":\"MN\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f3e4b07f02db5ef339","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taylor, W.W.","contributorId":61002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LaBaugh, J. W.","contributorId":23484,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LaBaugh","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Freeberg, M.H.","contributorId":71209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Freeberg","given":"M.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dowling, D.C.","contributorId":84796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowling","given":"D.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":193986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":26394,"text":"wri844318 - 1985 - The hydrologic bench-mark program; a standard to evaluate time-series trends in selected water-quality constituents for streams in Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-24T10:13:42","indexId":"wri844318","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4318","title":"The hydrologic bench-mark program; a standard to evaluate time-series trends in selected water-quality constituents for streams in Georgia","docAbstract":"Significant temporal trends in monthly pH, specific conductance, total alkalinity, hardness, total nitrite-plus-nitrite nitrogen, and total phosphorus measurements at five stream sites in Georgia were identified using a rank correlation technique, the seasonal Kendall test and slope estimator. These sites include a U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Bench-Mark site, Falling Creek near Juliette, and four periodic water-quality monitoring sites. Comparison of raw data trends with streamflow-residual trends and, where applicable, with chemical-discharge trends (instantaneous fluxes) shws that some of these trends are responses to factors other than changing streamflow. Percentages of forested, agricultural, and urban cover with each basin did not change much during the periods of water-quality record, and therefore these non-flow-related trends are not obviously related to changes in land cover or land use. Flow-residual water-quality trends at the Hydrologic Bench-Mark site and at the Chattooga River site probably indicate basin reponses to changes in the chemical quality of atmospheric deposition. These two basins are predominantly forested and have received little recent human use. Observed trends at the other three sites probably indicate basin responses to various land uses and water uses associated with agricultural and urban land or to changes in specific uses. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844318","usgsCitation":"Buell, G.R., and Grams, S., 1985, The hydrologic bench-mark program; a standard to evaluate time-series trends in selected water-quality constituents for streams in Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4318, v, 36 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844318.","productDescription":"v, 36 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157852,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4318/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55187,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4318/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United 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R.","contributorId":57103,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buell","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grams, S.C.","contributorId":31432,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grams","given":"S.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26376,"text":"wri854170 - 1985 - Effects of wetlands on quality of runoff entering lakes in the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-05T11:35:50","indexId":"wri854170","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4170","title":"Effects of wetlands on quality of runoff entering lakes in the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota","docAbstract":"<p>Four wetlands were compared with respect to their effectiveness in decreasing suspended solids and nutrient concentrations in runoff to lakes immediately downstream from the wetlands. An artificial impoundment in one of the wetlands increased settling of suspended solids. A decrease of nutrients in this wetland was probably the result of high assimilation rates associated with a dense stand of cattails. Two of the other three wetlands consist of open water and land areas, both of which contain abundant vegetation. Drainage from land areas within the wetlands may have lowered the overall effectiveness of the wetlands in decreasing sediment and nutrient concentrations. The third wetland was a constructed wetland that was ineffective in decreasing sediment or nutrient concentrations because its storage capacity was too small to prevent frequent flushing of accumulated sediment. Sediment concentrations in discharge from this wetland were as much as 22 times greater than the already high sediment concentrations in the inflow. (Author 's abstract)</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","doi":"10.3133/wri854170","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Metropolitan Council of the Twin Cities Area","usgsCitation":"Brown, R.G., 1985, Effects of wetlands on quality of runoff entering lakes in the Twin Cities Metropolitan Area, Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4170, iv, 32 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854170.","productDescription":"iv, 32 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123447,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4170/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55168,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4170/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","otherGeospatial":"Twin Cities Metropolitan 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R. G.","contributorId":106118,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25515,"text":"wri844304 - 1985 - Geochemical controls on dissolved sodium in basalt aquifers of the Columbia Plateau, Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:20","indexId":"wri844304","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4304","title":"Geochemical controls on dissolved sodium in basalt aquifers of the Columbia Plateau, Washington","docAbstract":"Miocene basaltic aquifers of the Columbia Plateau are the principal source of water for agricultural, domestic, and municipal use in Washington State. Irrigation with groundwaters with relatively high sodium concentrations has been cause for concern in recent years, because of the tendency of such waters to reduce soil permeability. Chemical reactions involving groundwater and the basalts are the primary mechanisms responsible for the input of sodium to groundwater in the plateau. This conclusion is supported by the sequence of secondary alteration products found and by progressive changes in groundwater chemistry with depth and position along regional flow paths. Upgradient and shallow groundwaters have low sodium concentrations and sodium-adsorption ratios (SAR's), and are predominantly calcium sodium bicarbonate waters. Groundwaters from deeper and downgradient locations have higher sodium concentrations and SAR 's and are predominantly sodium bicarbonate water. Volcanic glass and cryptocrystalline matrix are the major sources of groundwater sodium, and are dissolved by a combination of silicate hydrolysis and dissolution by carbonic acid. Magnesium, iron, and calcium are removed from solution by the formation of an iron magnesium smectite, calcite , and amorphous iron oxyhydroxide. The addition of sodium, silicon, and potassium by dissolution of basalt exceeds their removal by the precipitation of secondary minerals, and their concentrations increase in the initial stages of this process. In later stages, these continued increases produce a water saturated with clinoptilolite and silica phases, and these begin to precipitate. While the timing of these processes is unclear, the mineralogy of secondary alteration and estimated cooling rates of the basalt flows suggest that observed alteration products formed primarily at low temperature, under conditions similar to those existing at the present time. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri844304","usgsCitation":"Hearn, P., Steinkampf, W., Bortleson, G.C., and Drost, B., 1985, Geochemical controls on dissolved sodium in basalt aquifers of the Columbia Plateau, Washington: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4304, v, 38 p. :ill., maps (one col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844304.","productDescription":"v, 38 p. :ill., maps (one col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123433,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4304/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54231,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4304/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54232,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4304/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae499","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hearn, P.P.","contributorId":18380,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hearn","given":"P.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194007,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Steinkampf, W.C.","contributorId":8137,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Steinkampf","given":"W.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bortleson, Gilbert C.","contributorId":57472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bortleson","given":"Gilbert","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drost, B. W.","contributorId":38526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drost","given":"B. W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":25855,"text":"wri844333 - 1985 - Water-resources appraisal of the Camp Swift lignite area, central Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T10:13:28","indexId":"wri844333","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4333","title":"Water-resources appraisal of the Camp Swift lignite area, central Texas","docAbstract":"<p>The Camp Swift lignite area was studied to describe the hydrogeology and to provide baseline data of the ground-water and surface-water resources that could be affected by the strip mining of lignite. The investigation was centered on the 18-square mile Camp Swift Military Reservation where a reported 80 to 100 million short tons of commercially mineable lignite occurs within 200 feet of the land surface.</p>\n<p>Monthly ground-water levels from a network of 22 wells showed that water levels in wells in the Hooper, Simsboro, and Calvert Bluff Formations of the Wilcox Group had slight and generally insignificant waterlevel changes from May 1980 to May 1981. The water quality in the Calvert Bluff Formation, which contains the lignite, and in the Simsboro Formation, which is the major aquifer beneath the Calvert Bluff, generally is satisfactory for most uses. Hydraulic pressures in the Calvert Bluff are greater than in the Simsboro, and this pressure differential results in the potential for downward movement of water from the Calvert Bluff to the Simsboro. However, confining beds of lignite, clay, silt, and other fine-grained material at and near the base of the Calvert Bluff greatly retard this interformational movement of water but do not totally prevent downward leakage.</p>\n<p>Data were collected from four streamflow stations and five automated rain gages to appraise the quantity and quality of the surface-water resources. Big Sandy Creek, which crosses Camp Swift, generally has a base flow of less than 0.5 cubic feet per second and infrequently is dry. Dogwood Creek, which originates on Camp Swift, normally is dry. The flow of both streams changes rapidly in response to rainfall in the watersheds. The quality of the water in both streams generally is suitable for most uses, but varies significantly in response to variations in discharge and related factors.</p>\n<p>Alithologic examination of 255 feet of cored section that represents the overburden and the included lignite showed cyclic layering of fine sand, silt, clay, and lignite. Chemical analyses of the core were performed to determine the contents of major inorganic and trace constituents. These analyses indicate that the content of pyritic sulfur generally is small but variable.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Austin, TX","doi":"10.3133/wri844333","usgsCitation":"Gaylord, J., Slade, R., Ruiz, L., Welborn, C., and Baker, E., 1985, Water-resources appraisal of the Camp Swift lignite area, central Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4333, v, 164 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844333.","productDescription":"v, 164 p.","numberOfPages":"169","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123481,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4333/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54601,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/4333/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4fba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gaylord, J.L.","contributorId":46520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gaylord","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Slade, R.M.","contributorId":84364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slade","given":"R.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ruiz, L.M.","contributorId":93925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ruiz","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Welborn, C.T.","contributorId":89537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welborn","given":"C.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Baker, E.T.","contributorId":11584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baker","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195355,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":26157,"text":"wri854217 - 1985 - Analyses of flood-flow frequency for selected gaging stations in South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:34","indexId":"wri854217","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4217","title":"Analyses of flood-flow frequency for selected gaging stations in South Dakota","docAbstract":"Analyses of flood flow frequency were made for 111 continuous-record gaging stations in South Dakota with 10 or more years of record. The analyses were developed using the log-Pearson Type III procedure recommended by the U.S. Water Resources Council. The procedure characterizes flood occurrence at a single site as a sequence of annual peak flows. The magnitudes of the annual peak flows are assumed to be independent random variables following a log-Pearson Type III probability distribution, which defines the probability that any single annual peak flow will exceed a specified discharge. By considering only annual peak flows, the flood-frequency analysis becomes the estimation of the log-Pearson annual-probability curve using the record of annual peak flows at the site. The recorded data are divided into two classes: systematic and historic. The systematic record includes all annual peak flows determined in the process of conducting a systematic gaging program at a site. In this program, the annual peak flow is determined for each and every year of the program. The systematic record is intended to constitute an unbiased and representative sample of the population of all possible annual peak flows at the site. In contrast to the systematic record, the historic record consists of annual peak flows that would not have been determined except for evidence indicating their unusual magnitude. Flood information acquired from historical sources almost invariably refers to floods of noteworthy, and hence extraordinary, size. Although historic records form a biased and unrepresentative sample, they can be used to supplement the systematic record. (Author 's abstract)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854217","usgsCitation":"Benson, R., Hoffman, E., and Wipf, V., 1985, Analyses of flood-flow frequency for selected gaging stations in South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4217, vii, 202 p. :map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854217.","productDescription":"vii, 202 p. :map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119101,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4217/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54951,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4217/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad1e4b07f02db680da8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, R.D.","contributorId":23955,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hoffman, E.B.","contributorId":47379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hoffman","given":"E.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wipf, V.J.","contributorId":26725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wipf","given":"V.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":26190,"text":"wri854120 - 1985 - Water-quality assessment and wastewater-management alternatives for Dardenne Creek in St. Charles County, Missouri","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-10T19:54:15.356545","indexId":"wri854120","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4120","title":"Water-quality assessment and wastewater-management alternatives for Dardenne Creek in St. Charles County, Missouri","docAbstract":"<p>The quality of water in the 15 mile downstream reach of Dardenne Creek in St. Charles County, Missouri, was assessed to determine if it met the Missouri water quality standards. Concentrations of dissolved oxygen and total ammonia failed to meet water quality standards downstream from the Harvester-Dardenne and St. Peters Wastewater-Treatment Plants. The QUAL-II SEMCOG water quality model was calibrated and verified using two independent data sets from Dardenne Creek. Management alternatives using current, design capacity, and future expansion wastewater discharges from the St. Peters Wastewater-Treatment Plant were evaluated. Results of the computer simulation indicate that a nitrification-type advanced-treatment facility installed at the plant would produce a 5-day carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand of 10 mg/L. An effluent limit of 5.0 mg/L of 5-day carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand would further improve the water quality of Dardenne Creek; however, an additional treatment process, such as sand filtration, would be needed to meet this criterion.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854120","usgsCitation":"Berkas, W., and Lodderhose, J.R., 1985, Water-quality assessment and wastewater-management alternatives for Dardenne Creek in St. Charles County, Missouri: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4120, vi, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854120.","productDescription":"vi, 51 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395802,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_36285.htm"},{"id":54987,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4120/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":118720,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4120/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Missouri","county":"St. Charles County","otherGeospatial":"Dardenne Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -90.667,\n              38.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.5,\n              38.75\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.5,\n              38.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.667,\n              38.875\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.667,\n              38.75\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a09e4b07f02db5faabf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berkas, W.R.","contributorId":59808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berkas","given":"W.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lodderhose, J. R.","contributorId":94342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lodderhose","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":26261,"text":"wri834024 - 1985 - The ground-water system in the LaGrange Aquifer near LaGrange, southeastern Wyoming","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T16:03:07","indexId":"wri834024","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-4024","title":"The ground-water system in the LaGrange Aquifer near LaGrange, southeastern Wyoming","docAbstract":"Groundwater is being developed from the La Grange aquifer in southeastern Wyoming. It consists of saturated permeable alluvium that is hydraulically connected with most of the underlying White River Group. In the area of principal interest east of Horse Creek, Hawk Springs Reservoir and 14 adjacent wells used to supplement surface-water supply in the reservoir are in a natural discharge area. Upgradient of the reservoir there are 28 irrigation wells in about a 6-square-mile area. In this area, water levels declined between 3 and 12 feet from 1973 to 1978 causing concern about the effects of well pumpage on the hydrologic system. A digital model was developed and used to simulate the two-dimensional groundwater flow system in the unconfined La Grange aquifer. Transient simulations were made for 1973-78 using 12 time periods and for 1978-80 using 25 time periods. The calibrated digital model was used to simulate four 6-month pumping alternatives including three hypothetical alternatives for the area of principal interest east of Horse Creek. The reservoir altitude was held constant, approximating a reservoir volume 7,000 acre-feet. Pumping alternative 1 simulated historic conditions for 1973-78 including monthly recharge from precipitation which was included in the next three pumping alternatives. For pumping alternative 1, the calculated rate of discharge at the end of the 6-month simulation was 5.2 cubic feet per second from the aquifer to the reservoir. At the end of the 6-month simulations for pumping alternatives 2 and 3, the calculated rate of discharge to the reservoir was decreased to 0.4 cubic feet per second by pumpage from the 14 wells and to 3.8 cubic feet per second by pumpage from the 28 irrigation wells. For pumping alternative 4, pumpage from the total 42 wells resulted in a 1.0 cubic feet per second loss from the reservoir to the aquifer. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri834024","usgsCitation":"Borchert, W.B., 1985, The ground-water system in the LaGrange Aquifer near LaGrange, southeastern Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4024, vi, 56 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri834024.","productDescription":"vi, 56 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":157795,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4024/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55068,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4024/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55072,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4024/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":110156,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_35670.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"35670"},{"id":55069,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4024/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55070,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4024/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":55071,"rank":403,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1983/4024/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db655587","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Borchert, W. B.","contributorId":34965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borchert","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":25972,"text":"wri854089 - 1985 - The geohydrologic system and probable effects of mining in the Sand Creek-Hanks lignite area, western Williams County, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-01-10T21:13:04.701978","indexId":"wri854089","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4089","title":"The geohydrologic system and probable effects of mining in the Sand Creek-Hanks lignite area, western Williams County, North Dakota","docAbstract":"<p>The investigation was undertaken to define the geohydrology of the Sand Creek-Hanks area and to project probable hydrologic effects of lignite mining on the area. </p><p>Aquifers occur in sandstone beds in the Fox Hills Sandstone and the Hell Creek Formation of Cretaceous age and in sandstone lenses and lignite beds in the Tongue River and Sentinel Butte Members of the Fort Union Formation of Tertiary age.</p><p>The top of the Fox Hills aquifer ranges from about 1,200 to 2,000 feet below land surface. Yields of wells completed in the aquifer could be as much as 60 gallons per minute. Water in the Fox Hills aquifer is a sodium bicarbonate type and generally</p><p>Depths to the top of the Hell Creek aquifer range from about 900 to 1,600 feet. Well yields range from less than 10 to 40 gallons per minute. Water in the aquifer is a sodium bicarbonate type and generally contains between 1,000 and 2,200 milligrams per liter dissolved solids. </p><p>Depths to aquifers in the Tongue River and Sentinel Butte Members of Fort Union Formation range from near land surface to about 1,000 feet below land surface. Wells completed in the aquifers may yield as much as 40 gallons per minute of sodium bicarbonate or a sodium sulfate type water that contains about 800 to 4,100 milligrams per liter dissolved solids.</p><p>Glacial drift covers most of the study area. The drift thickness ranges from a veneer to about 380 feet. Well yields range from a few gallons per minute to 900 gallons per minute. Dissolved-solids concentrations in water from the glacial drift generally range from 477 to 2,050 milligrams per liter. </p><p>Mining of lignite will destroy all aquifers in and above the mined lignite and will expose overburden to oxidation. Leaching will cause an increase in dissolved solids in ground water immediately beneath the mines and possibly will cause some increase in the dissolved solids in low flows in area streams.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854089","usgsCitation":"Armstrong, C.A., 1985, The geohydrologic system and probable effects of mining in the Sand Creek-Hanks lignite area, western Williams County, North Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4089, Report: v, 36 p.; 3 Plates: 15.07 × 14.51 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854089.","productDescription":"Report: v, 36 p.; 3 Plates: 15.07 × 14.51 inches or smaller","costCenters":[{"id":478,"text":"North Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34685,"text":"Dakota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":158268,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4089/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54722,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4089/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54719,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4089/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54720,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4089/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":54721,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4089/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":410644,"rank":6,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49201.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","county":"Williams County","otherGeospatial":"Sand Creek-Hanks lignite area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -103.6,\n              48\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.6,\n              48.667\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.0417,\n              48.667\n            ],\n            [\n              -104.0417,\n              48\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.6,\n              48\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9ae4b07f02db65da1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Armstrong, C. A.","contributorId":66231,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Armstrong","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":195566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26358,"text":"wri854125 - 1985 - Hydrology of coal-lease areas near Durango, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:33","indexId":"wri854125","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4125","title":"Hydrology of coal-lease areas near Durango, Colorado","docAbstract":"The U.S. Bureau of Land Management leases Federal lands and minerals for coal mining near Durango, Colorado. This report addresses the hydrologic suitability of those lands for coal leasing; the report describes the general hydrology of the Durango area and, more specifically, the hydrology of the Stollsteimer Creek study area 32 miles east of the Durango and the Hay Gulch study area, 12 miles southwest of Durango. The most productive aquifers in the Durango study area are Quaternary alluvium and the tertiary Animas Formation. Water wells completed in alluvium typically yield 5 to 20 gallons/min; wells completed is the Animas Formation yield as much as 50 gallons/min. Water quality in these aquifers is variable, but it generally is suitable for domestic use. The coal-bearing Cretaceous Fruitland and Menefee Formations are mined by surface methods at the Chimney Rock Mine in the Stollsteimer Creek study area and by underground methods at the National King Coal Mine in the Hay Gulch study area. Effects of surface mining in the Stollsteimer Creek area are: (1) Dewatering of an alluvial aquifer; and (2) Local degradation of alluvium water quality by spoil-pile effluent. Effects of underground mining in the Hay Gulch area are: (1) Introduction of water with greater dissolved-solids concentrations into the upper Hay Gulch alluvium from mine runoff; (2) Subsidence fracturing which could dewater streams and the alluvial aquifer. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854125","usgsCitation":"Brooks, T., 1985, Hydrology of coal-lease areas near Durango, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4125, v, 46 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854125.","productDescription":"v, 46 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":123333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4125/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55153,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4125/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa7e4b07f02db667028","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, Tom","contributorId":76356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"Tom","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":26288,"text":"wri854050 - 1985 - Traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, reaeration, and basin characteristics of the White River, Colorado and Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:17","indexId":"wri854050","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4050","title":"Traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, reaeration, and basin characteristics of the White River, Colorado and Utah","docAbstract":"Traveltime and longitudinal-dispersion characteristics were measured for the White River using dye tracers. Discharges ranged from 281 to 1,840 cubic feet per second and velocities ranged from 1.26 to 3.17 miles per hour. Traveltimes were determined for discharges other than measured discharges by a graphical method and a linear-regression method. Longitudinal-dispersion coefficients ranged from 284 square feet per second at a discharge of 539 cubic feet per second to 5,430 square feet per second at a discharge of 1,580 cubic feet per second. Reaeration was measured in four reaches of the White River during a medium-flow period in August 1982. Reaeration coefficients at 20 degrees Celsius ranged from 5.3 to 25.3 per day. The results of a comparison with measured reaeration coefficients and reaeration coefficients predicted using empirical equations showed that the most accurate equations were by Bennett and Rathbun (1972) and Isaacs and Gaudy (1968). Basin characteristics were computed using U.S. Geological Survey topographic maps, precipitation data from the National Weather Service, and aerial photographs taken on September 11, 1981. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri854050","usgsCitation":"Boyle, J.M., and Spahr, N., 1985, Traveltime, longitudinal-dispersion, reaeration, and basin characteristics of the White River, Colorado and Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4050, v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854050.","productDescription":"v, 54 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":156699,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4050/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55096,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4050/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4affe4b07f02db697dd1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boyle, J. M.","contributorId":46567,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyle","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Spahr, N.E.","contributorId":79476,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spahr","given":"N.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196122,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":25526,"text":"wri854030 - 1985 - Geohydrology of rocks penetrated by test well USW H-4, Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:21","indexId":"wri854030","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4030","title":"Geohydrology of rocks penetrated by test well USW H-4, Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada","docAbstract":"Test well USW H-4 is one of several wells drilled in the southwestern part of the Nevada Test Site for hydraulic testing, hydrologic monitoring, and geophysical logging. The work was performed in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy. The rocks penetrated by the well to a total depth of 1,219 m were volcanic tuffs of Tertiary age. Hydraulic coefficients calculated from pumping test data indicate that transmissivity ranged from 200 to 790 sq m/day. A radioactive tracer, borehole flow survey indicated that the two most productive zones during this borehole flow survey occurred in the upper part of the Bullfrog Member of the Crater Flat Tuff, depth interval from 721 to 731.5m, and in the underlying part of the Tram Member, depth interval from 864 to 920m. The water is predominantly a sodium biocarbonate type with small concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and sulfate. The apparent age of this composite water sample was determined by carbon-14 date of 17,200 years before present. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division,","doi":"10.3133/wri854030","usgsCitation":"Whitfield, M., Eshom, E., Thordarson, W., and Schaefer, D.H., 1985, Geohydrology of rocks penetrated by test well USW H-4, Yucca Mountain, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4030, iv, 33 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854030.","productDescription":"iv, 33 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":118981,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4030/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":54242,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4030/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8a3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitfield, M.S.","contributorId":69547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitfield","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eshom, E.P.","contributorId":83127,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eshom","given":"E.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thordarson, William","contributorId":23539,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thordarson","given":"William","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Schaefer, D. H.","contributorId":84763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaefer","given":"D.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":194050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}