{"pageNumber":"4531","pageRowStart":"113250","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165969,"records":[{"id":2442,"text":"wsp2260 - 1985 - Streamflow characteristics of mountain streams in western Montana","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":20397,"text":"ofr84244 - 1984 - Streamflow characteristics of mountain streams in western Montana","indexId":"ofr84244","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Streamflow characteristics of mountain streams in western Montana"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2442,"text":"wsp2260 - 1985 - Streamflow characteristics of mountain streams in western Montana","indexId":"wsp2260","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Streamflow characteristics of mountain streams in western Montana"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-01T19:53:29.378853","indexId":"wsp2260","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2260","title":"Streamflow characteristics of mountain streams in western Montana","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2260","usgsCitation":"Parrett, C., and Hull, J.A., 1985, Streamflow characteristics of mountain streams in western Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2260, iv, 58 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2260.","productDescription":"iv, 58 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":28512,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2260/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138107,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2260/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":425239,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25443.htm","text":"Swan River area","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":425238,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25442.htm","text":"Kootenai River area","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":425237,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25441.htm","text":"Bitterroot River area","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Bitterroot River area, Kootenai River area, Swan River area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.94028393561105,\n              45.705892768751255\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.87858474163527,\n    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          46.66904315428832\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.44674935781838,\n              46.0831665740277\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.4202396169044,\n              45.88924003434116\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.51529993567702,\n              45.66759344106998\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.47437389000656,\n              45.534650645034986\n            ],\n            [\n              -114.27919793323905,\n              45.454418519016286\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.94028393561105,\n              45.705892768751255\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a4e4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrett, Charles","contributorId":9635,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrett","given":"Charles","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hull, J. A.","contributorId":39345,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hull","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1076,"text":"wsp2251 - 1985 - Effects of artificial recharge on the Ogallala aquifer, Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-19T14:27:28","indexId":"wsp2251","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2251","title":"Effects of artificial recharge on the Ogallala aquifer, Texas","docAbstract":"<p>Four recharge tests were conducted by injecting water from playa lakes through wells into the Ogallala Formation. Injection was by gravity flow and by pumping under pressure. At one site, 34-acre feet of water was injected by gravity and produced a significant increase in yield of the well. At a second site, gravity injection of only 0.58 acre-foot caused a significant decrease in permeability due to plugging by suspended sediment. At two other sites, injection by pumping 6 and 14 acre-feet respectively, resulted in discharge of water at the surface and in perching of water above the water table. Differences in success of recharge were largely due to aquifer lithology and, therefore, the type of permeability; the concentration of suspended solids in the recharge water; and the injection technique. The injection technique can be controlled and the concentration of suspended solids can be minimized by treatment, but the site for well recharge will accept water most rapidly if it is selected on the basis of a favorable geohydrologic environment. Geophysical logs were used to study the effect of aquifer lithology on recharge and to understand the movement of injected water. Temperature logs were particularly useful in tracing the movement of recharged water. Natural-gamma, gamma-gamma, and neutron logs provided important data on lithology and porosity in the aquifer and changes in porosity and water distribution resulting from recharge. Effective recharge of the Ogallala Formation, using water from playa lakes, is possible where geohydrologic conditions are favorable and the recharge system is properly constructed.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp2251","usgsCitation":"Brown, R.F., and Keys, W., 1985, Effects of artificial recharge on the Ogallala aquifer, Texas: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2251, vi, 56 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2251.","productDescription":"vi, 56 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":138040,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2251/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":25783,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2251/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad7e4b07f02db68452e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, Richmond Flint","contributorId":96242,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"Richmond","email":"","middleInitial":"Flint","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keys, W.S.","contributorId":75126,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keys","given":"W.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1118,"text":"wsp2234A - 1985 - Distribution and abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation in the tidal Potomac River and Estuary, Maryland and Virginia, May 1978 to November 1981","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-15T19:20:22.556427","indexId":"wsp2234A","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2234","chapter":"A","title":"Distribution and abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation in the tidal Potomac River and Estuary, Maryland and Virginia, May 1978 to November 1981","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"A water quality study of the tidal Potomac River and Estuary","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2234A","usgsCitation":"Carter, V., Paschal, J.E., and Bartow, N.C., 1985, Distribution and abundance of submersed aquatic vegetation in the tidal Potomac River and Estuary, Maryland and Virginia, May 1978 to November 1981: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2234, viii, 46 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2234A.","productDescription":"viii, 46 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":395975,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25304.htm"},{"id":25881,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2234a/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138000,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2234a/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River and Estuary","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.51953125,\n              37.896530447543\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2945556640625,\n              37.896530447543\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.2945556640625,\n              38.839707613545144\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.51953125,\n              38.839707613545144\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.51953125,\n              37.896530447543\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db649fe3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carter, Virginia","contributorId":12018,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"Virginia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143205,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paschal, James E.","contributorId":17971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paschal","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143206,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bartow, Nancy C.","contributorId":56203,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bartow","given":"Nancy","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":143207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1899,"text":"wsp2258 - 1985 - Geohydrology and water resources of the Papago Farms-Great Plain area, Papago Indian Reservation, Arizona, and the upper Rio Sonoyta area, Sonora, Mexico","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":19423,"text":"ofr83774 - 1983 - Geohydrology and water resources of the Papago Farms-Great Plain area, Papago Indian Reservation, Arizona, and the upper Rio Sonoyta area, Sonora, Mexico","indexId":"ofr83774","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Geohydrology and water resources of the Papago Farms-Great Plain area, Papago Indian Reservation, Arizona, and the upper Rio Sonoyta area, Sonora, Mexico"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1899,"text":"wsp2258 - 1985 - Geohydrology and water resources of the Papago Farms-Great Plain area, Papago Indian Reservation, Arizona, and the upper Rio Sonoyta area, Sonora, Mexico","indexId":"wsp2258","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Geohydrology and water resources of the Papago Farms-Great Plain area, Papago Indian Reservation, Arizona, and the upper Rio Sonoyta area, Sonora, Mexico"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-06T21:50:17.069165","indexId":"wsp2258","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2258","title":"Geohydrology and water resources of the Papago Farms-Great Plain area, Papago Indian Reservation, Arizona, and the upper Rio Sonoyta area, Sonora, Mexico","docAbstract":"The Papago Farms-Great Plain and upper Rio Sonoyta study area includes about 490 square miles in south-central Arizona and north-central Sonora, Mexico. The area is characterized by a broad, deep, sediment-filled basin bounded by low, jagged fault-block mountains. The climate is arid to semiarid. The climate and abundant ground water provide favorable conditions for irrigated agriculture. Annual precipitation averages 5 to 8 inches per year on the desert floor. Runoff, which occurs as intermittent streamflow and sheetflow, is too short lived and too laden with suspended sediment to be a reliable source for irrigation or public supply. \r\n\r\nNearly all the water used to irrigate more than 5,000 cultivated acres in the study area is withdrawn from the unconsolidated to partly consolidated basin fill. The ground water occurs in the deposits under unconfined (water-table) conditions with a saturated thickness that ranges from zero along the mountain fronts to more than 8,000 feet in the center of the basin. The amount of recoverable ground water in storage to a depth of 400 feet below the 1978-80 water table is estimated to be about 10 million acre-feet. Depths to water range from about 500 feet near the southern boundary of the study area to about 150 feet in the center of the study area. Ground water enters the area principally as underflow beneath the San Simon and Chukut Kuk Washes and as recharge along the mountain fronts. On the basis of model results, annual inflow to the ground-water system is estimated to be about 4,390 acre-feet. Ground water moves through the study area along paths that encircle a virtually impermeable unit in the basin center, termed 'the lakebed-clay deposits,' and moves westward to an outflow point beneath the Rio Sonoyta south of Cerro La Nariz. Rates of water movement range from less than I foot per year in clays to about 160 feet per year in well-sorted, coarse stream-channel deposits. Transmissivities along the basin margins range from 10,000 to 40,000 feet squared per day, whereas transmissivities in the basin-center lakebed-clay deposits are estimated to be less than 100 feet squared per day. Most Wells that are located along the basin margin and tap more than 300 feet of saturated basin fill in the upper1,000 feet of the aquifer should yield from 500 to 3,000 gallons per minute to properly constructed and developed wells. Specific capacities should range from 10 to 50 gallons per minute per foot of drawdown. \r\n\r\nThe water in the aquifer is moderate to poor in chemical quality for irrigation and public-supply use. The ground water is mainly a sodium bicarbonate type with dissolved-solids concentrations that range from about 250 to 5,000 milligrams per liter and average about 530 milligrams per liter. The poorest quality water is associated with the basin-center lakebed-clay deposits. In most of the basin, the water contains fluoride concentrations that exceed the maximum contaminant levels acceptable for drinking water. Waters from the basin-center lakebed-clay deposits are also anomalously high in dissolved arsenic and unacceptable for public supply. High concentrations of sodium and bicarbonate in the ground water of the study area present potential hazards to most crops, and the use of this type of water requires careful farm-management practices. \r\n\r\nIn 1981 outflow resulting from withdrawals of water from the aquifer was about 23,2'00 acre-feet. Storage is being depleted at a rate of about 19,000 acre-feet per year. On the basis of a mathematical simulation of the groundwater system and withdrawal rates in 1981, storage depletion and drawdown of the water table were projected to 1991. Water-level declines in 199t were estimated to be as much as 20 feet at Papago Farms and more than 40 feet in the area south of the basin-center lakebed-clay deposits. The estimated amount of depletion in 1991 of ground water stored in the upper 400 feet of the aquifer is less than 3.0 percent of the total amou","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2258","usgsCitation":"Hollett, K.J., 1985, Geohydrology and water resources of the Papago Farms-Great Plain area, Papago Indian Reservation, Arizona, and the upper Rio Sonoyta area, Sonora, Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2258, v, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2258.","productDescription":"v, 44 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":411525,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25496.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":138423,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2258/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":27196,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2258/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Mexico, United States","state":"Arizona, Sonora","otherGeospatial":"Papago Farms-Great Plain area, Papago Indian Reservation, upper Rio Sonoyta area","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -112.083,\n              31.908\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.566,\n              31.908\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.566,\n              31.375\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.083,\n              31.375\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.083,\n              31.908\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8b1c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hollett, Kenneth J.","contributorId":40580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hollett","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2698,"text":"wsp2239 - 1985 - Ground-water resources and potential hydrologic effects of surface coal mining in the northern Powder River basin, southeastern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:26","indexId":"wsp2239","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2239","title":"Ground-water resources and potential hydrologic effects of surface coal mining in the northern Powder River basin, southeastern Montana","docAbstract":"The shallow ground-water system in the northern Powder River Basin consists of Upper Cretaceous to Holocene aquifers overlying the Bearpaw Shale--namely, the Fox Hills Sandstone; Hell Creek, Fort Union, and Wasatch Formations; terrace deposits; and alluvium. Ground-water flow above the Bearpaw Shale can be divided into two general flow patterns. An upper flow pattern occurs in aquifers at depths of less than about 200 feet and occurs primarily as localized flow controlled by the surface topography. A lower flow pattern occurs in aquifers at depths from about 200 to 1,200 feet and exhibits a more regional flow, which is generally northward toward the Yellowstone River with significant flow toward the Powder and Tongue Rivers. \r\n\r\nThe chemical quality of water in the shallow ground-water system in the study area varies widely, and most of the ground water does not meet standards for dissolved constituents in public drinking water established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Water from depths less than 200 feet generally is a sodium sulfate type having an average dissolved-solids concentration of 2,100 milligrams per liter. Sodium bicarbonate water having an average dissolved-solids concentration of 1,400 milligrams per liter is typical from aquifers in the shallow ground-water system at depths between 200 and 1,200 feet. \r\n\r\nEffects of surface coal mining on the water resources in the northern Powder River Basin are dependent on the stratigraphic location of the mine cut. Where the cut lies above the water-yielding zone, the effects will be minimal. Where the mine cut intersects a water-ielding zone, effects on water levels and flow patterns can be significant locally, but water levels and flow patterns will return to approximate premining conditions after mining ceases. Ground water in and near active and former mines may become more mineralized, owing to the placement of spoil material from the reducing zone in the unsaturated zone where the minerals are subject to oxidation. Regional effects probably will be small because of the limited areal extent of ground-water flow systems where mining is feasible. \r\n\r\nResults of digital models are presented to illustrate the effects of varying hydraulic properties on water-level changes resulting from mine dewatering. The model simulations were designed to depict maximum-drawdown situations. One simulation indicates that after 20 years of continuous dewatering of an infinite, homogeneous, isotropic aquifer that is 10 feet thick and has an initial potentiometric surface 10 feet above the top of the aquifer, water-level declines greater than 1 foot would generally be limited to within 7.5 miles of the center of the mine excavation; declines greater than 2 feet to within about 6 miles; declines greater than 5 feet to within about 3.7 miles; declines greater than 10 feet to within about 1.7 miles; and declines greater than 15 feet to within 1.2 miles.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O :\r\nFor sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2239","usgsCitation":"Slagle, S.E., Lewis, B.D., and Lee, R.W., 1985, Ground-water resources and potential hydrologic effects of surface coal mining in the northern Powder River basin, southeastern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2239, iv, 34 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 2 plates in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2239.","productDescription":"iv, 34 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.; 2 plates in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138838,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2239/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":247236,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2239/plate-1.pdf","size":"10143","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":247237,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2239/plate-2.pdf","size":"6388","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":29067,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2239/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a9be4b07f02db65e13d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Slagle, Steven E.","contributorId":35284,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Slagle","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lewis, Barney D.","contributorId":93873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"Barney","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, Roger W.","contributorId":105273,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"Roger","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145631,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":1756,"text":"wsp2209 - 1985 - Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":9275,"text":"ofr8067 - 1981 - Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts","indexId":"ofr8067","publicationYear":"1981","noYear":false,"title":"Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":1756,"text":"wsp2209 - 1985 - Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts","indexId":"wsp2209","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:05:15","indexId":"wsp2209","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2209","title":"Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts","docAbstract":"The Cape Cod aquifer system was simulated with three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water-flow models. Five areas were modeled to provide tools that can be used to evaluate the hydrologic impacts of regional water development and waste disposal. \r\n\r\nThe model boundaries were selected to represent the natural hydrologic boundaries of the aquifer. The boundary between fresh and saline ground water was treated as an interface along which there is no dispersion. The saline-water zone was treated as static (nonflowing). \r\n\r\nComparisons of calculated and observed values of head, position of the boundary between fresh and saline water, and ground-water discharge (at locations where data were available) indicate that the simulated groundwater reservoirs generally agree with field conditions. \r\n\r\nModel analyses indicate that the total steady-state freshwater-flow rate through the five modeled areas is approximately 412 cubic feet per second.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. G.P.O.,","doi":"10.3133/wsp2209","usgsCitation":"Guswa, J.H., and LeBlanc, D.R., 1985, Digital models of ground-water flow in the Cape Cod aquifer system, Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2209, v, 112 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2209.","productDescription":"v, 112 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":137146,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2209/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":26861,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2209/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a95e4b07f02db659744","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guswa, John H.","contributorId":97881,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guswa","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144089,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"LeBlanc, Denis R. 0000-0002-4646-2628 dleblanc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-2628","contributorId":1696,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"LeBlanc","given":"Denis","email":"dleblanc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":144088,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":234,"text":"wsp2270 - 1985 - Selected papers in the hydrologic sciences, 1985; May 1985","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":10347,"text":"ofr84811 - 1984 - Preliminary modeling of an aquifer thermal-energy storage system","indexId":"ofr84811","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Preliminary modeling of an aquifer thermal-energy storage system"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":234,"text":"wsp2270 - 1985 - Selected papers in the hydrologic sciences, 1985; May 1985","indexId":"wsp2270","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Selected papers in the hydrologic sciences, 1985; May 1985"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":20720,"text":"ofr8466 - 1984 - Low-level radioactive ground-water contamination from a cold scrap recovery operation, Wood River Junction, Rhode Island","indexId":"ofr8466","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Low-level radioactive ground-water contamination from a cold scrap recovery operation, Wood River Junction, Rhode Island"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":234,"text":"wsp2270 - 1985 - Selected papers in the hydrologic sciences, 1985; May 1985","indexId":"wsp2270","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Selected papers in the hydrologic sciences, 1985; May 1985"},"id":2}],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-24T19:16:56.430592","indexId":"wsp2270","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2270","title":"Selected papers in the hydrologic sciences, 1985; May 1985","docAbstract":"The University of Minnesota, the Minnesota Geological Survey, and the U.S. Geological Survey are studying the feasibility of storing water at a temperature of 150 degrees Celsius in the Franconia-Ironton-Galesville aquifer. The Aquifer Thermal-Energy Storage project has a doublet-well design with a well spacing of approximately 250 meters. One well will be used for cool-water supply, and, the other, for hot-water injection. The U.S. Geological Survey is constructing a model of ground-water flow and thermal-energy transport to aid in determining the efficiency of the Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage system. A preliminary model of radial flow and thermal-energy transport was constructed, based on hydraulic and thermal properties of the Franconia-Ironton-Galesville aquifer determined in previous studies. \r\n\r\nThe model was used to investigate the sensitivity of model results to various hydraulic and thermal properties and to study the potential for buoyancy flow within the aquifer and the effect of various cyclic injection-withdrawal schemes on the relative thermal efficiency of the aquifer. \r\n\r\nSensitivity analysis was performed assuming 8 days of injection of 150-degree-Celsius water at 18.9 liters per second, 8 days of storage, and 8 days of withdrawal of hot water at 18.9 liters per second. The analysis indicates that, for practical ranges of hydraulic and thermal properties, rock-heat capacity is the least important property and thermal dispersivity is the most important property used to compute temperature and aquifer thermal efficiency. \r\n\r\nThe amount of buoyancy flow was examined for several values of hydraulic conductivity and ratios of horizontal to vertical hydraulic conductivities. For the assumed base values of hydraulic and thermal properties, buoyancy flow was negligible. The greatest simulated buoyancy flow resulted from simulations in which horizontal hydraulic conductivity was increased to 10 times the base value, and the vertical hydraulic conductivity was set equal to the horizontal hydraulic conductivity. \r\n\r\nThe effects of various injection-withdrawal rates and durations on computed values of aquifer relative thermal efficiency and final well-bore temperature were studied for five 1-year hypothetical test cycles of injection and withdrawal. The least efficient scheme was 8 months injection of 150-degree-Celsius water and 4 months of withdrawal of hot water at 18.9 liters per second. The most efficient scheme was obtained with 6 months of injection of 150-degree-Celsius water at 18.9 liters per second and 6 months of withdrawal of hot water at 37.8 liters per second. The hypothetical simulations indicate that the subsequent calibrated model of the doublet-well system will be a valuable tool in determining the most efficient system operation.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2270","usgsCitation":"1985, Selected papers in the hydrologic sciences, 1985; May 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2270, v, 119 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2270.","productDescription":"v, 119 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":424719,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25565.htm","text":"Low-level radioactive ground-water contamination from a cold-scrap recovery operation, Wood River Junction, Rhode Island","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"25565"},{"id":402884,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25453.htm","text":"Three-dimensional simulation of free-surface aquifers by finite-element method","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"25453"},{"id":424718,"rank":4,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25517.htm","text":"An electromagnetic method for delineating ground-water contamination, Wood River Junction, Rhode Island","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"25517"},{"id":24844,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2270/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":136507,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2270/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e47e4e4b07f02db4bb4a5","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Subitzky, Seymour","contributorId":99111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Subitzky","given":"Seymour","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":893052,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2522,"text":"wsp2274 - 1985 - Relation between ground-water quality and mineralogy in the coal-producing Norton Formation of Buchanan County, Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-22T22:19:03.367618","indexId":"wsp2274","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2274","title":"Relation between ground-water quality and mineralogy in the coal-producing Norton Formation of Buchanan County, Virginia","docAbstract":"The geochemical processes controlling ground-water chemistry in the coal-producing strata of southwestern Virginia include hydrolysis of silicates, dissolution of carbonates, oxidation of pyrite, cation exchange, and precipitation of secondary minerals, kaolinite and goethite. \r\n\r\nCore material from the Norton Formation of the Pennsylvania Period is composed of slightly more than one-half sandstone; siltstone and minor amounts of shale, clay, and coal account for the majority of the remainder. Petrographic analyses and x-ray diffraction studies indicate that the sandstone is about 75 percent quartz, 15 percent plagioclase feldspar, 2 percent potassium feldspar, 2 percent muscovite, 4 percent chlorite, and 1 percent siderite. Calcite is present in small amounts and in a few strata as clasts or cement. No limestone strata were identified. The siltstone is about 50 percent quartz, 10 percent plagioclase feldspar, 10 percent mica, 20 percent chlorite, and from 0 to 25 percent siderite. Pyrite is associated with some siltstone and, where present, generally accounts for less than 1 percent. Total sulfur generally constitutes less than 0.1 percent of core samples but about 4 percent in the more pyrite-rich layers. \r\n\r\nThree reaction models are used to account for the observed water chemistry. The models derive sulfate from pyrite, iron from pyrite and siderite, calcium from plagioclase and calcite, sodium from plagioclase and cation exchange, magnesium from chlorite, and carbon from carbon dioxide, calcite, and siderite. Kaolinite, chalcedony, and goethite are formed authigenically. Carbon-13 data define the relative contributions of carbon sources to models. \r\n\r\nComparison of adjacent unmined and mined basins indicates that surface mining significantly increases the weathering reaction of pyrite in contrast to weathering reactions of other minerals. However, in the area studied, reactive pyrite does not appear to be present in sufficient quantities in strata associated with mined coal seams to cause acid mine drainage.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wsp2274","usgsCitation":"Powell, J.D., and Larson, J.D., 1985, Relation between ground-water quality and mineralogy in the coal-producing Norton Formation of Buchanan County, Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2274, iv, 30 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2274.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":396293,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_25416.htm"},{"id":28725,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2274/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138811,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2274/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Virginia","county":"Buchanan County","otherGeospatial":"Norton Formation","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -82.0830,\n              37.0500\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.033,\n              37.0500\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.033,\n              37.087\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.0830,\n              37.087\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.0830,\n              37.0500\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c32f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Powell, John D.","contributorId":6045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Larson, Jerry D.","contributorId":90703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Larson","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":1842,"text":"wsp2254 - 1985 - Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-10T08:26:03","indexId":"wsp2254","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2254","title":"Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water","docAbstract":"<p>The chemical composition of natural water is derived from many different sources of solutes, including gases and aerosols from the atmosphere, weathering and erosion of rocks and soil, solution or precipitation reactions occurring below the land surface, and cultural effects resulting from human activities. Broad interrelationships among these processes and their effects can be discerned by application of principles of chemical thermodynamics. Some of the processes of solution or precipitation of minerals can be closely evaluated by means of principles of chemical equilibrium, including the law of mass action and the Nernst equation. Other processes are irreversible and require consideration of reaction mechanisms and rates. The chemical composition of the crustal rocks of the Earth and the composition of the ocean and the atmosphere are significant in evaluating sources of solutes in natural freshwater.</p>\n<p>The ways in which solutes are taken up or precipitated and the amounts present in solution are influenced by many environmental factors, especially climate, structure and position of rock strata, and biochemical effects associated with life cycles of plants and animals, both microscopic and macroscopic. Taken together and in application with the further influence of the general circulation of all water in the hydrologic cycle, the chemical principles and environmental factors form a basis for the developing science of natural-water chemistry.</p>\n<p>Fundamental data used in the determination of water quality are obtained by the chemical analysis of water samples in the laboratory or onsite sensing of chemical properties in the field. Sampling is complicated by changes in the composition of moving water and by the effects of particulate suspended material. Some constituents are unstable and require onsite determination or sample preservation. Most of the constituents determined are reported in gravimetric units, usually milligrams per liter or milliequivalents per liter.</p>\n<p>More than 60 constituents and properties are included in water analyses frequently enough to provide a basis for consideration of the sources from which each is generally derived, the most probable forms of elements and ions in solution, solubilitycontrols, expected concentration ranges, and other chemical factors. Mechanisms that control concentrations of elements commonly present in amounts less than a few tens of micrograms per liter cannot always be easily ascertained, but present information suggests that many are controlled by solubility of their hydroxides or carbonates or by sorption on solid particles. Many dissolved organic compounds can now be specifically determined.</p>\n<p>Chemical analyses may be grouped and statistically evaluated by means, medians, frequency distributions, or ion correlations to summarize large volumes of data. Graphing of analyses or of groups of analyses aids in showing chemical relationships among water, probable sources of solutes, areal water-quality regimen, temporal and spatial variation, and water-resources evaluation. Graphs may show water type based on chemical composition, relationships among ions, or groups of ions in individual waters or many waters considered simultaneously. The relationships of water quality to hydrogeologic characteristics, such as stream discharge rate or ground-water flow patterns, can be shown by mathematical equations, graphs, and maps.</p>\n<p>About 80 water analyses selected from the literature are tabulated to illustrate the relationships described, and some of these, along with many others that are not tabulated, are also used in demonstrating graphing and mapping techniques.</p>\n<p>Relationships of water composition to source rock type are illustrated by graphs of some of the tabulated analyses. Human activities may modify water composition extensively through direct effects of pollution and indirect results of water development, such as intrusion of seawater in groundwater aquifers.</p>\n<p>Water-quality standards for domestic, agricultural, and industrial use have been published by various agencies. Irrigation project requirements for water quality are particularly intricate.</p>\n<p>Fundamental knowledge of processes that control natural-water composition is required for rational management of water quality.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/wsp2254","usgsCitation":"Hem, J.D., 1985, Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water (3rd ed.): U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2254, Document: xii, 263 p.; 4 Plates: 17.4 x 18.5 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2254.","productDescription":"Document: xii, 263 p.; 4 Plates: 17.4 x 18.5 inches or smaller","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":138511,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wsp2254.JPG"},{"id":326296,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2254/plate-2a.pdf","text":"Plate 2-A","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":326295,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2254/plate-1.pdf","text":"Plate 1","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":326297,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2254/plate-2b.pdf","text":"Plate 2-B","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":326298,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2254/plate-3.pdf","text":"Plate 3","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":326299,"rank":7,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/wsp2254/pdf/wsp2254a.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":20,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.water.usgs.gov/wsp2254","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"edition":"3rd ed.","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699d0d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hem, John David","contributorId":42577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hem","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":144239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":2868,"text":"wsp2247 - 1985 - Chemical and physical characteristics of water and sediment in Scofield Reservoir, Carbon County, Utah","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":11534,"text":"ofr83252 - 1983 - Chemical and physical characteristics of water and sediment in Scofield Reservoir, Carbon County, Utah","indexId":"ofr83252","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Chemical and physical characteristics of water and sediment in Scofield Reservoir, Carbon County, Utah"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":2868,"text":"wsp2247 - 1985 - Chemical and physical characteristics of water and sediment in Scofield Reservoir, Carbon County, Utah","indexId":"wsp2247","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Chemical and physical characteristics of water and sediment in Scofield Reservoir, Carbon County, Utah"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-08-31T16:46:55","indexId":"wsp2247","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":341,"text":"Water Supply Paper","code":"WSP","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2247","title":"Chemical and physical characteristics of water and sediment in Scofield Reservoir, Carbon County, Utah","docAbstract":"<p>Evaluations based on the nutrient content of the inflow, outflow, water in storage, and the dissolved-oxygen depletion during the summer indicate that the trophic state of Scofield Reservoir is borderline between mesotrophic and eutrophic and may become highly eutrophic unless corrective measures are taken to limit nutrient inflow.</p><p>Sediment deposition in Scofield Reservoir during 1943-79 is estimated to be 3,000 acre-feet, and has decreased the original storage capacity of the reservoir by 4 percent. The sediment contains some coal, and age dating of those sediments (based on the radioisotope lead-210) indicates that most of the coal was deposited prior to about 1950.</p><p>Scofield Reservoir is dimictic, with turnovers occurring in the spring and autumn. Water in the reservoir circulates completely to the bottom during turnovers. The concentration of dissolved oxygen decreases with depth except during parts of the turnover periods. Below an altitude of about 7,590 feet, where 20 percent of the water is stored, the concentration of dissolved oxygen was less than 2 milligrams per liter during most of the year. During the summer stratification period, the depletion of dissolved oxygen in the deeper layers is coincident with supersaturated conditions in the shallow layers; this is attributed to plant photosynthesis and bacterial respiration in the reservoir.</p><p>During October 1,1979-August 31,1980, thedischargeweighted average concentrations of dissolved solids was 195 milligrams per liter in the combined inflow from Fish, Pondtown, and Mud Creeks, and was 175 milligrams per liter in the outflow (and to the Price River). The smaller concentration in the outflow was due primarily to precipitation of calcium carbonate in the reservoir about 80 percent of the decrease can be accounted for through loss as calcium carbonate.</p><p>The estimated discharge-weighted average concentration of total nitrogen (dissolved plus suspended) in the combined inflow of Fish, Pondtown, and Mud Creeks was 1.1 milligrams per liter as nitrogen. The load of total nitrogen contributed by each stream was about proportional to the quantity of water contributed by the respective stream.</p><p>For the combined inflow of Fish, Pondtown, and Mud Creeks, the discharge-weighted average concentration of total phosphorus was 0.06 milligram per liter as phosphorus. Percentages of the total phosphorus load contributed by Mud and Pondtown Creeks were significantly larger than their percentages of the total inflow. During October 1, 1979-August 31, 1980, Fish Creek contributed 72 percent of the inflowing water but only 60 percent of the total phosphorus load, Mud Creek contributed 16 percent of the total inflow but 24 percent of the total phosphorus load, and Pondtown Creek contributed 6 percent of the total inflow and 16 percent of the load of total phosphorus.</p><p>Eccles Canyon is a major contributor of nutrients to Mud Creek, and most of the nutrient load occurs in the form of suspended organic material. During the snowmelt period, concentrations of total nitrogen and phosphorus were as much as 21 and 4.3 milligrams per liter at the gaging station in Eccles Canyon. The unusually large concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus probably have resulted from flushing of residual debris from the canyon about 27.3 acres of forested land were cleared during 1979 for fire protection around new mine portals and for road rights-of-way.</p><p>The concentrations of trace metals in the sediments near the inflow of Mud Creek are not greatly different from those in the middle of the reservoir, which suggests that sediments related to coal mining either have not affected the trace-metal concentrations in the sediments or, particularly for the fine-grained sediments, have been uniformly distributed over the reservoir bottom. The concentration of total extractable mercury in the sediments ranged from 0.08 to 0.20 part per million near the inflow of Mud Creek and from 0.08 to 0.46 part per million at a site near the middle of the reservoir. Virtually all the mercury is silica bound, which is the least soluble fraction. The maximum concentration of mercury in the nondetrital and easily soluble fraction was 0.02 part per million at both sites. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/wsp2247","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S.Bureau of Land Management","usgsCitation":"Waddell, K.M., Darby, D., and Theobald, S., 1985, Chemical and physical characteristics of water and sediment in Scofield Reservoir, Carbon County, Utah: U.S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 2247, v, 36 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2247.","productDescription":"v, 36 p.","numberOfPages":"42","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":29477,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2247/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":138994,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wsp/2247/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Carbon County","otherGeospatial":"Scofield Reservoir","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4802","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Waddell, Kidd M.","contributorId":20720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Waddell","given":"Kidd","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Darby, D.W.","contributorId":49333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Darby","given":"D.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145934,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Theobald, S.M.","contributorId":51270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Theobald","given":"S.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":145935,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":13403,"text":"ofr85253 - 1985 - Geology of the Silsilah ring complex, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13403,"text":"ofr85253 - 1985 - Geology of the Silsilah ring complex, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","indexId":"ofr85253","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Geology of the Silsilah ring complex, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":39783,"text":"pp1459 - 1988 - Geology of the Silsilah ring complex and associated tin mineralization, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","indexId":"pp1459","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Geology of the Silsilah ring complex and associated tin mineralization, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"},"id":1}],"supersededBy":{"id":39783,"text":"pp1459 - 1988 - Geology of the Silsilah ring complex and associated tin mineralization, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","indexId":"pp1459","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Geology of the Silsilah ring complex and associated tin mineralization, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"},"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-27T07:07:03","indexId":"ofr85253","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-253","title":"Geology of the Silsilah ring complex, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr85253","usgsCitation":"Du Bray, E., 1985, Geology of the Silsilah ring complex, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-253, Report: iv, 78 p.; 2 Plates: 19.07 x 19.12 inches and 23.87 x 26.62 inches , https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85253.","productDescription":"Report: iv, 78 p.; 2 Plates: 19.07 x 19.12 inches and 23.87 x 26.62 inches ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":369663,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0253/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":369664,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0253/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":145915,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0253/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":369662,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0253/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","otherGeospatial":"Silsilah ring complex","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"Polygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[42.77933,16.34789],[42.64957,16.77464],[42.34799,17.07581],[42.27089,17.47472],[41.75438,17.83305],[41.22139,18.6716],[40.93934,19.48649],[40.24765,20.17463],[39.80168,20.33886],[39.1394,21.2919],[39.0237,21.98688],[39.06633,22.57966],[38.49277,23.68845],[38.02386,24.07869],[37.48363,24.28549],[37.15482,24.85848],[37.20949,25.08454],[36.93163,25.60296],[36.6396,25.82623],[36.24914,26.57014],[35.64018,27.37652],[35.13019,28.06335],[34.63234,28.05855],[34.78778,28.60743],[34.83222,28.95748],[34.95604,29.35655],[36.06894,29.19749],[36.50121,29.50525],[36.74053,29.86528],[37.50358,30.00378],[37.66812,30.33867],[37.99885,30.5085],[37.00217,31.50841],[39.00489,32.01022],[39.19547,32.16101],[40.39999,31.88999],[41.88998,31.19001],[44.7095,29.17889],[46.56871,29.09903],[47.45982,29.00252],[47.70885,28.52606],[48.41609,28.552],[48.80759,27.68963],[49.29955,27.46122],[49.47091,27.11],[50.15242,26.68966],[50.21294,26.27703],[50.1133,25.94397],[50.23986,25.60805],[50.52739,25.32781],[50.66056,24.9999],[50.81011,24.75474],[51.11242,24.55633],[51.38961,24.62739],[51.57952,24.2455],[51.61771,24.01422],[52.00073,23.00115],[55.0068,22.49695],[55.20834,22.70833],[55.66666,22],[54.99998,19.99999],[52.00001,19],[49.11667,18.61667],[48.18334,18.16667],[47.46669,17.11668],[47,16.95],[46.74999,17.28334],[46.36666,17.23332],[45.4,17.33334],[45.21665,17.43333],[44.06261,17.41036],[43.79152,17.31998],[43.38079,17.57999],[43.1158,17.08844],[43.21838,16.66689],[42.77933,16.34789]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Saudi Arabia\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e58a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Du Bray, E. A.","contributorId":22333,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Du Bray","given":"E. A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":13986,"text":"ofr85738 - 1985 - Correlated lithologic logs and analyses of 1982 coal drilling in Big Horn, Prairie, Rosebud, and Treasure Counties, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:00","indexId":"ofr85738","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-738","title":"Correlated lithologic logs and analyses of 1982 coal drilling in Big Horn, Prairie, Rosebud, and Treasure Counties, Montana","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85738","usgsCitation":"Hansen, W., and Culbertson, W., 1985, Correlated lithologic logs and analyses of 1982 coal drilling in Big Horn, Prairie, Rosebud, and Treasure Counties, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-738, 125 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85738.","productDescription":"125 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148219,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0738/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42629,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0738/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db684960","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, W.B.","contributorId":108129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Culbertson, W.C.","contributorId":28979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Culbertson","given":"W.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":14791,"text":"ofr85610 - 1985 - Guidelines for reviewers of geological manuscripts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-09-26T12:55:50","indexId":"ofr85610","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-610","title":"Guidelines for reviewers of geological manuscripts","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr85610","usgsCitation":"Malde, H., 1985, Guidelines for reviewers of geological manuscripts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-610, vii, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85610.","productDescription":"vii, 16 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148162,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a2d8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malde, H.E.","contributorId":65863,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malde","given":"H.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":170016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":13506,"text":"ofr85497 - 1985 - Analysis of rocks and sediments for arsenic, antimony, and selenium, by wet digestion and hydride atomic absorption","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:37","indexId":"ofr85497","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-497","title":"Analysis of rocks and sediments for arsenic, antimony, and selenium, by wet digestion and hydride atomic absorption","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, WRD,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85497","usgsCitation":"Elrick, K.A., and Horowitz, A.J., 1985, Analysis of rocks and sediments for arsenic, antimony, and selenium, by wet digestion and hydride atomic absorption: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-497, v, 14 p. :ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85497.","productDescription":"v, 14 p. :ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":144608,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0497/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":41983,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0497/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acfe4b07f02db6801a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Elrick, K. A.","contributorId":98731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elrick","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Horowitz, A. J.","contributorId":102066,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horowitz","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":15674,"text":"ofr8545 - 1985 - Results of drilling for coal in 1981, including coal bed correlations, northeastern part of the Crow Indian Reservation, Big Horn County, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:47","indexId":"ofr8545","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-45","title":"Results of drilling for coal in 1981, including coal bed correlations, northeastern part of the Crow Indian Reservation, Big Horn County, Montana","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8545","usgsCitation":"Robinson, L.N., 1985, Results of drilling for coal in 1981, including coal bed correlations, northeastern part of the Crow Indian Reservation, Big Horn County, Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-45, ii, 56 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8545.","productDescription":"ii, 56 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146570,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0045/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44650,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0045/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db6246b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, L. N.","contributorId":16840,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robinson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":171535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":14704,"text":"ofr85564 - 1985 - The stream-gaging program in South Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:03","indexId":"ofr85564","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-564","title":"The stream-gaging program in South Dakota","docAbstract":"This report documents the results of a study of the uses, funding, and availability of the streamflow information program in South Dakota. In 1983, 107 continuous-record surface-water gaging stations were being operated in South Dakota on a budget of $607,050. Data from most stations have multiple uses. Data uses and funding sources are identified for each station. All stations have sufficient justification for continuation although 10 are primarily used to provide data for short-term research studies. The continued operation of these 10 stations should be evaluated when the studies have been completed. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85564","usgsCitation":"Little, J., and Matthews, D., 1985, The stream-gaging program in South Dakota: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-564, iv, 29 p. :ill., map ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85564.","productDescription":"iv, 29 p. :ill., map ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147606,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0564/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43472,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0564/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a61e4b07f02db6358e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Little, J.R.","contributorId":42976,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Little","given":"J.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Matthews, D.K.","contributorId":13094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Matthews","given":"D.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":14702,"text":"ofr85382 - 1985 - Landslides and debris flows east of Mount Pleasant, Utah, 1983 and 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:03","indexId":"ofr85382","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-382","title":"Landslides and debris flows east of Mount Pleasant, Utah, 1983 and 1984","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85382","usgsCitation":"Lips, E., 1985, Landslides and debris flows east of Mount Pleasant, Utah, 1983 and 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-382, 14 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85382.","productDescription":"14 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147604,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0382/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43469,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0382/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43470,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0382/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ee4b07f02db6aa06a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lips, E.W.","contributorId":55821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lips","given":"E.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":13565,"text":"ofr85706 - 1985 - User's manual for MAPGEN (UNIX version); a method of transforming digital cartographic data to a map","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:52","indexId":"ofr85706","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-706","title":"User's manual for MAPGEN (UNIX version); a method of transforming digital cartographic data to a map","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85706","usgsCitation":"Evenden, G., and Botbol, J., 1985, User's manual for MAPGEN (UNIX version); a method of transforming digital cartographic data to a map: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-706, ii, 140 p. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85706.","productDescription":"ii, 140 p. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147182,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0706/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42042,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0706/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a16e4b07f02db603df3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Evenden, G. I.","contributorId":52960,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evenden","given":"G. I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168032,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Botbol, J.M.","contributorId":46944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Botbol","given":"J.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":14678,"text":"ofr85406 - 1985 - Selected hydrogeologic data for the Big Muddy Creek valley near Plentywood, northeastern Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:06","indexId":"ofr85406","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-406","title":"Selected hydrogeologic data for the Big Muddy Creek valley near Plentywood, northeastern Montana","docAbstract":"Selected hydrogeologic data have been compiled for the Big Muddy Creek valley near Plentywood. The data pertain to most of the known municipal, commercial, and domestic wells drilled in the valley. The data include records of 59 wells and 19 test holes, 21 chemical analyses of water samples, and 40 logs describing lithology penetrated during drilling operations. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85406","usgsCitation":"Levings, G.W., 1985, Selected hydrogeologic data for the Big Muddy Creek valley near Plentywood, northeastern Montana: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-406, ii, 25 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85406.","productDescription":"ii, 25 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148873,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0406/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43429,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0406/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e1e4b07f02db5e4924","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Levings, G. W.","contributorId":12485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levings","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":13570,"text":"ofr85481 - 1985 - The Georgia Water-Use Program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-14T14:34:33","indexId":"ofr85481","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-481","title":"The Georgia Water-Use Program","docAbstract":"WHY COLLECT WATER-USE INFORMATION?\r\n\r\nWater used in Georgia increased from 5,560 to 6,765 million gallons per day (22 percent) between 1970 and 1980. In 1970 the population of Georgia was about 4,600,000. By 1980 it had rcached an estimated 5,500,000, a 20-percent increase. The amount of irrigated land in the State incrcased from 79,600 acres to nearly one million acres during the decade, which resulted in a 12-fold increase in irrigation water use. The value of goods produced by Georgia's industries increased from $21,000,000 in 1970 to $32,000,000 in 1980 (figures adjusted for inflation). These were the major factors contributing to the significant increase in water use.\r\n\r\nFor years, ground water and surface water in Georgia were thought of as unlimited natural resources. However, with the impact of recent droughts and the increasing demand for water it has become apparent that proper management of Georgia's water resources is necessary to assure continuing supplies of good-quality water. To make decisions on wa ter resources, a manager needs comprehensive, up-to-date information on the quantity of water being used in the State, and the total resources available for use.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/ofr85481","usgsCitation":"Fanning, J.L., 1985, The Georgia Water-Use Program: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-481, 1 sheet :ill., map ;43 x 28 cm., folded to 15 x 28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85481.","productDescription":"1 sheet :ill., map ;43 x 28 cm., folded to 15 x 28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":317,"text":"Georgia Water-Use Program","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science 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,{"id":14680,"text":"ofr85636 - 1985 - Aqueous radioactive- and industrial- waste disposal at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory through 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:06","indexId":"ofr85636","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-636","title":"Aqueous radioactive- and industrial- waste disposal at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory through 1982","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85636","usgsCitation":"Lewis, B.D., Eagleton, J., and Jensen, R.G., 1985, Aqueous radioactive- and industrial- waste disposal at the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory through 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-636, iv, 91 p :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85636.","productDescription":"iv, 91 p :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":149026,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0636/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43430,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0636/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac5e4b07f02db679f9f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lewis, B. D.","contributorId":85965,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lewis","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eagleton, J.M.","contributorId":105734,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagleton","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169836,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jensen, R. G.","contributorId":63799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":14689,"text":"ofr85661 - 1985 - Map of faulting accompanying the 1966 Parkfield, California, earthquake","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:07:07","indexId":"ofr85661","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-661","title":"Map of faulting accompanying the 1966 Parkfield, California, earthquake","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85661","usgsCitation":"Lienkaemper, J.J., and Brown, R., 1985, Map of faulting accompanying the 1966 Parkfield, California, earthquake: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-661, 8 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85661.","productDescription":"8 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":148367,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0661/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":43455,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0661/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43456,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0661/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43457,"rank":402,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0661/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":43458,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0661/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a92e4b07f02db657166","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lienkaemper, J. J.","contributorId":71947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lienkaemper","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169851,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, R.D.","contributorId":73221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"R.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":14684,"text":"ofr87450C - 1985 - Play analysis of undiscovered oil and gas resources on onshore Federal lands, Phase I: Atlantic Coastal Plain","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":50770,"text":"ofr85269 - 1985 - Play analysis of undiscovered oil and gas resources on onshore Federal lands; Phase I, Atlantic Coastal Plain","indexId":"ofr85269","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"title":"Play analysis of undiscovered oil and gas resources on onshore Federal lands; Phase I, Atlantic Coastal Plain"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":14684,"text":"ofr87450C - 1985 - Play analysis of undiscovered oil and gas resources on onshore Federal lands, Phase I: Atlantic Coastal Plain","indexId":"ofr87450C","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"chapter":"C","title":"Play analysis of undiscovered oil and gas resources on onshore Federal lands, Phase I: Atlantic Coastal Plain"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-05T19:34:39.027736","indexId":"ofr87450C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-450","chapter":"C","title":"Play analysis of undiscovered oil and gas resources on onshore Federal lands, Phase I: Atlantic Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr87450C","usgsCitation":"Libby-French, J., 1985, Play analysis of undiscovered oil and gas resources on onshore Federal lands, Phase I: Atlantic Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-450, i, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr87450C.","productDescription":"i, 17 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391437,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17264.htm"},{"id":43452,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0450c/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":148362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1987/0450c/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Coast Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -85.128,\n              30.354\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.8570,\n              30.354\n            ],\n            [\n              -71.8570,\n              41.1667\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.128,\n              41.1667\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.128,\n              30.354\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad9e4b07f02db684f14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Libby-French, Jan","contributorId":81115,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Libby-French","given":"Jan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":169842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":13900,"text":"ofr85562 - 1985 - Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Wyoming; fiscal year 1985","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:44","indexId":"ofr85562","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-562","title":"Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Wyoming; fiscal year 1985","docAbstract":"This report contains lists and location maps of streamflow and reservoir stations, water quality stations, sediment stations, and groundwater observation wells where data are currently being collected. Water resources appraisal projects in Wyoming are described, including many that are related to development of energy resources. The general locations of most projects are shown on maps. The U.S. Geological Survey is striving to coordinate its water resources activities with those of other agencies. This report is one phase of that coordination effort, and serves as an annual progress report to cooperators and the public. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr85562","usgsCitation":"Green, S.L., 1985, Water-resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey in Wyoming; fiscal year 1985: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 85-562, vi, 109 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr85562.","productDescription":"vi, 109 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145232,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0562/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42538,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1985/0562/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4f37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Green, S. L. (compiler)","contributorId":26682,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"S.","suffix":"(compiler)","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168602,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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