{"pageNumber":"4533","pageRowStart":"113300","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165626,"records":[{"id":70207102,"text":"70207102 - 1985 - A plate flexure approximation to postseismic and interseismic deformation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-28T15:19:56.66853","indexId":"70207102","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-06T10:13:17","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A plate flexure approximation to postseismic and interseismic deformation","docAbstract":"

The rather large postseismic deformation that is associated with two‐dimensional dip‐slip faulting in the lithosphere is related to the bending of a free plate generated by dip‐slip faulting. In the absence of gravity, asthenosphere relaxation eventually permits the faulted lithosphere to assume the dihedral configuration of a faulted free plate. For thrust faulting, the faulted area is depressed into the asthenosphere, and the flanks of the plate slope uniformly upward. In the presence of gravity, buoyancy forces act upon the plate, and the ultimate (t→∞) postseismic uplift is approximated (y/α > 0.2) by w1 exp (−y/α) (cos y/α ‐ sin y/α), where w1 is an explicit function of the fault parameters and lithosphere properties, y is the horizontal distance from the downdip end of the fault, and α is the flexural parameter for the lithosphere plate. The relaxed‐asthenosphere response is the sum of the coseismic deformation (unrelaxed‐astheriosphere response) and this ultimate postseismic deformation. The annual, steady deformation associated with strain accumulation at a subduction zone is simply the relaxed‐asthenosphere response to virtual, normal slip on the main thrust zone of an amount equal to the annual plate convergence. From these relations we have estimated the deformation (strain and uplift) expected along the Pacific coast of northern Honshu. The estimated deformation is about twice the observed deformation, but the predicted geographical distribution of the deformation is similar to the observed deformation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1029/JB090iB10p08570","usgsCitation":"Savage, J.C., and Gu, G., 1985, A plate flexure approximation to postseismic and interseismic deformation: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 90, no. B10, p. 8570-8580, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB090iB10p08570.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"8570","endPage":"8580","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":370033,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"B10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, James C. 0000-0002-5114-7673 jasavage@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":2412,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"James","email":"jasavage@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gu, Guohua","contributorId":221059,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gu","given":"Guohua","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1007526,"text":"1007526 - 1985 - Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen isotope abundances inStylites reflect its unique physiology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-21T16:18:43.896924","indexId":"1007526","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2932,"text":"Oecologia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen isotope abundances inStylites reflect its unique physiology","docAbstract":"

Natural abundances of oxygen-18, carbon-14, carbon-13 and deuterium were measured inStylites andicola, a terrestrial vascular plant lacking stomates, and two terrestrial plant species having stomates that grew nearby. No substantial differences in oxygen-18 and carbon-13 abundances were observed among the three species. The deuterium concentration inStylites was much higher than in the other species, confirming a previous report of CAM inStylites. Stylites was depleted in carbon-14 relative to the present day atmosphere, consistent with the proposal that it fixes CO2 derived from decomposing peat.

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1007/BF00790035","usgsCitation":"Sternberg, L.D., DeNiro, M.J., McJunkin, D., Berger, R., and Keeley, J., 1985, Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen isotope abundances inStylites reflect its unique physiology: Oecologia, v. 67, no. 4, p. 598-600, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00790035.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"598","endPage":"600","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131180,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"67","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5f00e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sternberg, Leonel d.S.L","contributorId":67051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sternberg","given":"Leonel","email":"","middleInitial":"d.S.L","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315555,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DeNiro, Michael J.","contributorId":14738,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"DeNiro","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McJunkin, D.","contributorId":36506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McJunkin","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berger, R.","contributorId":72336,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berger","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315556,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Keeley, Jon E. 0000-0002-4564-6521","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-6521","contributorId":69082,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Keeley","given":"Jon E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70012376,"text":"70012376 - 1985 - An evaluation of uranium-series dating of fossil echinoids from southern California Pleistocene marine terraces","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-16T18:32:55.528239","indexId":"70012376","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An evaluation of uranium-series dating of fossil echinoids from southern California Pleistocene marine terraces","docAbstract":"

Fossil sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus) from Pleistocene marine terraces on the southern California Channel Islands have been dated by the uranium-series method in order to test the suitability of echinoids for dating marine terraces. Results indicate that urchin plates and spines do not behave as closed systems with respect to both uranium and thorium. Calculated ages based on these data do not agree with uranium-series ages (120,000 and 127,000 yrs) obtained previously from corals from the same localities. Thus, fossil sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus) are not considered suitable for uranium-series dating of Pleistocene marine terrace deposits. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(85)90141-0","usgsCitation":"Muhs, D.R., and Kennedy, G.L., 1985, An evaluation of uranium-series dating of fossil echinoids from southern California Pleistocene marine terraces: Marine Geology, v. 69, no. 1-2, p. 187-193, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(85)90141-0.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"187","endPage":"193","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":502539,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub/1305","text":"External Repository"},{"id":222302,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Channel Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.46793234751601,\n 34.18784904682265\n ],\n [\n -120.46793234751601,\n 33.83952457484234\n ],\n [\n -119.42632747584507,\n 33.83952457484234\n ],\n [\n -119.42632747584507,\n 34.18784904682265\n ],\n [\n -120.46793234751601,\n 34.18784904682265\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"69","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea5ce4b0c8380cd487e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Muhs, Daniel R. 0000-0001-7449-251X dmuhs@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-251X","contributorId":1857,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muhs","given":"Daniel","email":"dmuhs@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":363407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, George L.","contributorId":56229,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"George","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":363406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70169936,"text":"70169936 - 1985 - Iowa: a summary of water-resources activities of the United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-30T14:58:16","indexId":"70169936","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-01T16:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Iowa: a summary of water-resources activities of the United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Iowa City, IA","doi":"10.3133/70169936","usgsCitation":"Karsten, R., 1985, Iowa: a summary of water-resources activities of the United States Department of the Interior Geological Survey, https://doi.org/10.3133/70169936.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319653,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56fcffe1e4b0a6037df2c5b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karsten, R.A.","contributorId":51755,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karsten","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70120933,"text":"70120933 - 1985 - Determining age and sex of American coots","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T14:02:44","indexId":"70120933","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-01T13:52:09","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2284,"text":"Journal of Field Ornithology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining age and sex of American coots","docAbstract":"

Reliable techniques for age and sex determination of migrating and wintering American Coots (Fulica americana) have not been available. Breeding coots can be ages through age 3 by tarsal color (birds 4 years and older were placed in a 4+ age class) (Crawford 1978), and males and females have sex-specific behaviors and calls while on breeding territories (Gullion 1950, 1952). Externally, juvenile coots differ from adults in having gray (as opposed to white) bills and brown (as opposed to red) eyes to an age of 75 days (Gullion 1954-394). Bill color changes to white by about 120 days. No quantitative data have been available, however, on the proportion of juveniles retaining these traits throughout fall and early winter. Nonbreeding coots can be ages as juvenile or adult by internal examination of the thickness of the wall of the bursa of Fabricius, although bursal depth does not predictably decline with age (Fredrickson 1968).

\n
\n

Attempts to sex coots by single external measurements of combinations of measurements have met with mixed success. Eight-five percent of 101 fall migrants in Wisconsin could be sexed by the length of the metatarsus-midtoe including claw by using 139.5 mm as a cutoff point (Burton 1959), whereas 88% of 67 coots in California were correctly sexed by the length of the metatarsus-midtoe without claw using 127.5 mm as the cutoff point (Gullion 1952). Two-hundred-thirty-two of 291 coots collected in Iowa, however, were in the zone of overlap between the sexes for this measurement (Fredrickson 1968).

\n
\n

Previous studies attempting to develop aging and sexing techniques for American Coots have been limited to a few study sites or to 1 season or year, often failing to take geographical, annual, and seasonal morphological variation into account (e.g., Visser 1976, Fjeldsa 1977). We designed the present study to refine and quantify external and internal age and sex criteria for postbreeding coots, with the objective of defining techniques applicable for all seasons over a wide geographical area.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Field Ornithology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Northeastern Bird-Banding Association","publisherLocation":"Ipswich, NH","usgsCitation":"Eddleman, W.R., and Knopf, F., 1985, Determining age and sex of American coots: Journal of Field Ornithology, v. 56, no. 1, p. 41-55.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"41","endPage":"55","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292460,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"56","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25fdde4b0333418718908","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eddleman, William R.","contributorId":40685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eddleman","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knopf, Fritz L.","contributorId":30549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knopf","given":"Fritz L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70120920,"text":"70120920 - 1985 - Plant water status relationships among major floodplain sites of the Flathead River, Montana","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T13:19:21","indexId":"70120920","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-01T13:17:17","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Plant water status relationships among major floodplain sites of the Flathead River, Montana","docAbstract":"Water status measurements of dominant species from major floodplain plant community types of the North Fork Flathead River, Montana were used to test the accuracy of site moisture gradient relationships postulated from floristic ordinations and site water balance estimates. Analysis of variance tests showed significant differences among the average predawn xylem pressure potential (ψp) of species in several community types. However, additional analyses failed to indicate a significant degree of association between averaged predawn Yp measurements and either floristic ordination or site water balance results. Sixty eight percent of 22 trials comparing the diurnal average ψp of the same species in different community types on the same day were less negative for a species in the wetter community types as predicted by floristic ordinations. Similarly, 64% of the trials indicated that the diurnal average stomatal conductance was higher for a species in the wetter type. These results suggest that although a floodplain moisture gradient exists, it alone does not limit the distribution of floodplain plant communities in the North Fork.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wetlands","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society of Wetland Scientists","publisherLocation":"McClean, VA","doi":"10.1007/BF03160785","usgsCitation":"Lee, L., Hinckley, T., and Scott, M.L., 1985, Plant water status relationships among major floodplain sites of the Flathead River, Montana: Wetlands, v. 5, no. 1, p. 15-34, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03160785.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292441,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":292440,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03160785"}],"country":"United States","state":"Montana","otherGeospatial":"Flathead River","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -114.309882,48.057693 ], [ -114.309882,48.393746 ], [ -114.083081,48.393746 ], [ -114.083081,48.057693 ], [ -114.309882,48.057693 ] ] ] } } ] }","volume":"5","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25feae4b0333418718941","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, L.C.","contributorId":7194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"L.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498621,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hinckley, T.M.","contributorId":37656,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hinckley","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scott, M. L.","contributorId":75090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"M.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498623,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70120909,"text":"70120909 - 1985 - Influence of various land uses on windbreak selection by nesting Mississippi kites","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T13:05:13","indexId":"70120909","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-01T12:56:22","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of various land uses on windbreak selection by nesting Mississippi kites","docAbstract":"

Contemporary land-use practices have dramatically altered breeding habitats of birds of prey (Cramp, pp. 9-11 in World Conf. Birds of Prey, R. D. Chancellor, ed., ICPB, London, England, 1977). Some land uses appear to influence strongly both the nesting activity (White, Trans. North Am. Wild. Nat. Resour. Conf. 39:301-312, 1974) and abundance (Olendorff and Stoddart, pp. 44-48 in Management of Raptors, F. N. Jamerstrom, B. E. Harrel, and R. R. Olendorff, eds., Proc. Conf. Raptor Conserv. Tech., Raptor Rep. 2, Fort Collins, Colorado, 1974) of raptors.

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\n

The Mississippi Kite (Ictinia mississippiensis) is a locally common raptor of the south-central plains of North America. In the prairie grasslands of western Oklahoma and south-western Kansas, kites commonly nest in tree plantings designed as windbreaks, irrespective of windbreak width, age, or tree species compositions (Parker, Ph.D. Diss., Univ. Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 1974; Love and Knopf, Proc. Ann. Meet. For. Comm. Great Plains Agric. Counc. 30:69-77, 1978). Much of the potential nesting habitat within this region, however, is not used by kits (Parker and Ogden, Am. Birds 33:119-129, 1979). In this paper, we assess the potential influence of various land-use practices on windbreak selection by nesting Mississippi Kites.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"Love, D., Grzybowski, J.A., and Knopf, F., 1985, Influence of various land uses on windbreak selection by nesting Mississippi kites: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 97, no. 4, p. 561-565.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"561","endPage":"565","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292432,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25fe5e4b0333418718920","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Love, Diane","contributorId":21470,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Diane","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Grzybowski, Joseph A.","contributorId":98230,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grzybowski","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knopf, Fritz L.","contributorId":30549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knopf","given":"Fritz L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70120888,"text":"70120888 - 1985 - Interspecific relationships between American coots and waterfowl during fall migration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-18T11:46:03","indexId":"70120888","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-01T11:31:03","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interspecific relationships between American coots and waterfowl during fall migration","docAbstract":"

Interactions between American Coots (Fulica americana) and water-fowl during the breeding season are well-documented (Ryder 1959, Nudds 1981). Ducks and coots use similar nesting, feeding, brooding, and loafing sites during the breeding season (Munro 1939, Sooter 1945, Ryder 1959). Coots create potential nest sites, repulse predators, provide predation buffers for ducks (Sooter 1945; Ryder 1958, 1959), and may also destroy eggs and young of other marsh-nesting birds (Munro 1937, Burger 1973, McNicholl 1975). Coots, ducks, and swans often feed cooperatively (Ryder 1959, Anderson 1974, Ryan 1981); and American Wigeon (Anas americana) and Gadwell () may rob feeding coots (Knapton and Knudsen 1978, Ryan 1981). Interspecies aggression between coots and waterfowl usually occurs when ducks approach coot nests or broods (Ryan and Dinsmore 1979). Despite these interactions, the numbers of duck broods produced in areas in Utah with nesting coots and in areas where coots have been removed were similar (Ryder 1958, 1961). Densities of coots and ducks, and brood counts of coots and ducks for a 26-year period in Saskatchewan also indicated no significant relationship between numbers of coots and waterfowl (Nudds 1981).

\n
\n

Coots and waterfowl from large areas of breeding habitat concentrate on smaller areas during the nonbreeding season (Weller 1975:102). These species may also change diets and habitats during migration and while wintering (Weller 1975). This study documents associations between waterfowl and coots during fall migration and examines feeding and behavioral interactions between coots and waterfowl in mixed flocks. Specifically, we (1) describe temporal and spatial overlap among migrations of coots and waterfowl, (2) present behavioral interactions among species, and (3) document food habits of birds feeding sympatrically during fall migration in Oklahoma.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wilson Ornithological Society","publisherLocation":"Lawrence, KS","usgsCitation":"Eddleman, W.R., Patterson, C.T., and Knopf, F., 1985, Interspecific relationships between American coots and waterfowl during fall migration: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 97, no. 4, p. 463-472.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"463","endPage":"472","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":292417,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"97","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53f25fe6e4b0333418718926","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eddleman, William R.","contributorId":40685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eddleman","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498551,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Patterson, Craig T.","contributorId":15940,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Patterson","given":"Craig","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":498549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Knopf, Fritz L.","contributorId":30549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knopf","given":"Fritz L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":498550,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70236861,"text":"70236861 - 1985 - A relational approach to vector data structure conversion","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-20T15:12:17.074193","indexId":"70236861","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-01T10:10:37","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"A relational approach to vector data structure conversion","docAbstract":"

The proliferation of geographic information systems and digital data bases is creating a need for efficient methods to convert data from one spatial data structure to another. One approach is to create ad hoc interfaces, with a potential of N(N-1) interfaces for N data structures. Using an intermediate data structure, at most 2N interfaces are required. An intermediate relational data structure is therefore proposed that takes the form of a set of normalized relations stored in a relational information management system. The advantages of this approach are found in the simplicity of the relational approach, and the availability of relational operators to be used as higher level tools, to convert from and to the relational data structure. The Relational Information Management System (RIM) is used for the ongoing research. In conjunction with the relational data structure, another higher level tool has been developed to cope with linked lists, tree structures, vectors, and matrices, which are not otherwise easily reduced. This data tracking system is programmable at a higher level, in a syntax that allows a concise expression of the desired restructuring. Output from this system can be further operated on by relational operators to arrive at the desired intermediate data structure. This, and other topology verification and checking tools, are visualized as part of a core system dedicated to the conversion and collation of spatial data from diverse origins.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Auto-Carto VII: Proceedings of the digital representations of spatial knowledge","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Auto-Carto VII: Digital Representations of Spatial Knowledge","conferenceDate":"Mar 11-14, 1985","conferenceLocation":"Washington D.C.","language":"English","publisher":"Cartography and Geographic Information Society","usgsCitation":"van Roessel, J.W., and Fosnight, E.A., 1985, A relational approach to vector data structure conversion, in Auto-Carto VII: Proceedings of the digital representations of spatial knowledge, Washington D.C., Mar 11-14, 1985, p. 541-551.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"541","endPage":"551","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407060,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":407059,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://cartogis.org/docs/proceedings/archive/auto-carto-7/index.html"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"van Roessel, Jan W.","contributorId":35745,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"van Roessel","given":"Jan","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":852390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fosnight, Eugene A. 0000-0002-8557-3697 fosnight@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8557-3697","contributorId":2961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fosnight","given":"Eugene","email":"fosnight@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012937,"text":"70012937 - 1985 - Water resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-22T16:43:40.62591","indexId":"70012937","displayToPublicDate":"1985-12-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Water resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"

No abstract available. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00185.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"Peck, D.L., 1985, Water resources activities of the U.S. Geological Survey: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 21, no. 6, p. 901-907, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00185.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"901","endPage":"907","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222626,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bc38fe4b08c986b32b24c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peck, Dallas L.","contributorId":60187,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peck","given":"Dallas","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70175830,"text":"70175830 - 1985 - Simulation of ground-water flow in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer and relation to ground-water contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park, Minnesota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-04-02T11:21:29","indexId":"70175830","displayToPublicDate":"1985-11-27T12:15:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Simulation of ground-water flow in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer and relation to ground-water contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park, Minnesota","docAbstract":"

No abstract available.

","conferenceTitle":"National Water Well Association Conference Exposition","conferenceDate":"August 19-20, 1985","conferenceLocation":"Worthington, Ohio","language":"English","publisher":"National Water Well Association","publisherLocation":"Worthington, Ohio","usgsCitation":"Stark, J., and Hult, M.F., 1985, Simulation of ground-water flow in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer and relation to ground-water contamination by coal-tar derivatives, St. Louis Park, Minnesota, National Water Well Association Conference Exposition, Worthington, Ohio, August 19-20, 1985, p. 290-310.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"290","endPage":"310","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326990,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b82de6e4b03fd6b7da39b7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stark, J. R.","contributorId":100406,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stark","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hult, M. F.","contributorId":29817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hult","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70206858,"text":"70206858 - 1985 - Devonian eustatic fluctuations in Euramerica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-26T14:26:47.011064","indexId":"70206858","displayToPublicDate":"1985-11-25T12:52:59","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Devonian eustatic fluctuations in Euramerica","docAbstract":"

The Devonian System of Euramerica contains at least 14 transgressive-regressive (T-R) cycles of eustatic origin. These are separated into three groups (or depophases) and from Carboniferous cycles by three prominent regressions. Twelve post-Lochkovian T-R cycles are recognized, and they commonly appear to result from abrupt deepening events followed by prolonged upward shallowing. Deepening events in the western United States (especially Nevada), western Canada, New York, Belgium, and Germany have been dated in the standard conodont zonation and are demonstrably simultaneous in several or all five regions. This synchroneity indicates control by eustatic sea-level fluctuations rather than by local or regional epeirogeny. Facies shifts in shelf sedimentary successions are more reliable indicators of the timing of sea-level fluctuations than are strandline shifts in the cratonic interior, because the latter are more influenced by local epeirogeny. Strandline shifts are most useful in estimating the relative magnitude for sea-level fluctuations.

Devonian facies progressions and the three prominent regressions are of a duration and an order of magnitude that could have been caused by episodes of growth and decay of Devonian oceanic ridge systems. The described T-R cycles could have formed in response to mid-plate thermal uplift and submarine volcanism. The latter process may have been a control on small-scale (1–5 m thick), upward-shallowing cycles within the major T-R cycles. Continental glaciation could have been a factor in sea-level fluctuations only in the Famennian and could not have been responsible for the Devonian facies progressions or the numerous T-R cycles.

The Frasnian extinctions were apparently cumulative rather than due to a single calamity. Two rapid sea-level rises occurred just before, and one at, the Frasnian-Famennian boundary. It is probable that this series of deepening events reduced the size of shallow-shelf habitats, caused repeated anoxic conditions in basinal areas, and drowned the reef ecosystems that had sustained the immensely diverse Devonian benthos.

","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<567:DEFIE>2.0.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Johnson, J., Klapper, G., and Sandberg, C., 1985, Devonian eustatic fluctuations in Euramerica: GSA Bulletin, v. 96, no. 5, p. 567-587, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1985)96<567:DEFIE>2.0.CO;2.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"567","endPage":"587","costCenters":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":369555,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, J.G.","contributorId":83515,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Klapper, Gilbert","contributorId":54853,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Klapper","given":"Gilbert","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":776083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sandberg, Charles sandberg@usgs.gov","contributorId":199124,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sandberg","given":"Charles","email":"sandberg@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":35995,"text":"Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":776084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70170773,"text":"70170773 - 1985 - 16th century European earthquakes described in some contemporary woodcuts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-02T14:32:20","indexId":"70170773","displayToPublicDate":"1985-11-18T13:45:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"16th century European earthquakes described in some contemporary woodcuts","docAbstract":"

In the middle of the 15th century, shortly after Gutenberg’s invention of printing using individual lead type, the first illustrated broadsides (or broadsheets) began appearing in southern Germany.  Usually printed on one side of a sheet of paper, they consisted of a woodcut illustration, sometimes colored, either by hand or by stencil, and several columns of text, often in verse.  The appeal of the publications to the mass reader was often stimulated by sensationalism in word and picture, somewhat like that purveyed today’s tabloid press.  What follows are woodcuts and portions of the text from 16th to 17th century broadsheets that describe earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

\n

This article is an excerpt from Deresiewicz, H., 1982, Some 16th century European earthquakes as depicted in contemporary sources: Bulletin Seismological Society of America, vol. 72, p 507-523.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington D.C.","usgsCitation":"Deresiewicz, H., 1985, 16th century European earthquakes described in some contemporary woodcuts: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 17, no. 6, p. 204-210.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"204","endPage":"210","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":320831,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57287a2be4b0b13d391865ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Deresiewicz, H.","contributorId":169081,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Deresiewicz","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70170777,"text":"70170777 - 1985 - Tsunamis – Scourge of the Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-02T14:43:00","indexId":"70170777","displayToPublicDate":"1985-11-13T10:15:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Tsunamis – Scourge of the Pacific","docAbstract":"

Although tsunamis occur most often in the Pacific Ocean, they can be generated by major earthquakes in other areas.  The most frequent cause of tsunamis…is crustal movement along a fault: a large mass of rock drops or rises and displaces the column of water above it.  This column of water – a tsunami – travels outward from the source at the fantastic speed of 500 mph or more.  When an earthquake occurs in the Pacific Ocean Basin, authorities must quickly decide on a course of action.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Lockridge, P., 1985, Tsunamis – Scourge of the Pacific: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 17, no. 6, p. 211-217.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"217","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":320834,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57287a33e4b0b13d391865e9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lockridge, Patricia","contributorId":169082,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lockridge","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":628364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70170784,"text":"70170784 - 1985 - Earthquake potential of the Wasatch Fault in Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-09T19:34:18.100863","indexId":"70170784","displayToPublicDate":"1985-11-11T14:30:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1435,"text":"Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Earthquake potential of the Wasatch Fault in Utah","docAbstract":"

The majority of Utah’s population lives along the Wasatch fault, an active intraplate normal fault that extends for approximately 230 miles along the western front of the Wasatch Range.  Investigations of earthquake recurrence on the Wasatch fault have revealed that segments of the fault have been the source of repeated large earthquakes, probably of magnitude 6-3/4 to 7-1/2.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"U.S. Government Printing Office, 1985, Earthquake potential of the Wasatch Fault in Utah: Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS), v. 17, no. 6, p. 218-225.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"218","endPage":"225","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":391522,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70170784/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":320844,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70170784/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","otherGeospatial":"Wasatch Fault","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.5384521484375,\n 39.0831721934762\n ],\n [\n -112.5384521484375,\n 41.9921602333763\n ],\n [\n -111.4013671875,\n 41.9921602333763\n ],\n [\n -111.4013671875,\n 39.0831721934762\n ],\n [\n -112.5384521484375,\n 39.0831721934762\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"17","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57287a2de4b0b13d391865b6"} ,{"id":70200601,"text":"70200601 - 1985 - Implications of silicic vent patterns for the presence of large crustal magma chambers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-24T15:59:08","indexId":"70200601","displayToPublicDate":"1985-11-10T15:57:01","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Implications of silicic vent patterns for the presence of large crustal magma chambers","docAbstract":"

On the basis of the distribution of silicic vents, many volcanic fields can be grouped with (1) igneous systems that may be small and whose vent locations are controlled by regional tectonics, (2) those that include sizable crustal magma bodies which erupt at sites determined by their anomalous local stress fields, or (3) relatively small volume systems that are transitional between categories 1 and 2. Linear vent patterns that are aligned normal to the regional least principal stress (σ3) commonly are associated with absence of evidence for large, shallow magma bodies. The Coso volcanic field and the Inyo‐Mono domes in California and probably the South Sister area in Oregon are examples of such systems. The 1960 dacitic fissure eruption at Cordón Caulle in southern Chile evidently is linked to tectonic stress relaxation associated with the great earthquake that occurred 48 hours before the eruption began. Large, shallow magma chambers are thought to perturb the local stress field so that areal patterns of silicic vents are diffuse, radial, or arcuate. Such systems may erupt great volumes of pyroclastic material catastrophically and produce large calderas. Well‐preserved examples of late precaldera leaks of silicic magma occur at Long Valley, California, and Mount Mazama (Crater Lake), Oregon. Other possible examples are noted. Some of these, those which formed calderas smaller than Crater Lake, apparently were preceded by silicic eruptions from aligned vents. Bearing in mind that there exists a transitional group between tectonically controlled small systems and very large magma chambers, vent distributions can be useful in evaluating potential volcanic hazards for silicic volcanic fields.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB090iB13p11243","usgsCitation":"Bacon, C.R., 1985, Implications of silicic vent patterns for the presence of large crustal magma chambers: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 90, no. B13, p. 11243-11252, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB090iB13p11243.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"11243","endPage":"11252","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":358767,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","volume":"90","issue":"B13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bacon, Charles R. 0000-0002-2165-5618 cbacon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2165-5618","contributorId":2909,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bacon","given":"Charles","email":"cbacon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":749696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70185588,"text":"70185588 - 1985 - Field determination of the three-dimensional hydraulic conductivity tensor of anisotropic media: 1. Theory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-19T11:11:34","indexId":"70185588","displayToPublicDate":"1985-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Field determination of the three-dimensional hydraulic conductivity tensor of anisotropic media: 1. Theory","docAbstract":"

A field method is proposed for determining the three-dimensional hydraulic conductivity tensor and specific storage of an anisotropic porous or fractured medium. The method, known as cross-hole testing (to distinguish it from conventional single-hole packer tests), consists of injecting fluid into (or withdrawing fluid from) packed-off intervals in a number of boreholes and monitoring the transient head response in similar intervals in neighboring boreholes. The directions of the principal hydraulic conductivities need not be known prior to the test, and the boreholes may have arbitrary orientations (e.g., they can all be vertical). An important aspect of the proposed method is that it provides direct field information on whether it is proper to regard the medium as being uniform and anisotropic on the scale of the test. The first paper presents theoretical expressions describing transient and steady state head response in monitoring intervals of arbitrary lengths and orientations, to constant-rate injection into (or withdrawal from) intervals having similar or different lengths and orientations. The conditions under which these intervals can be treated mathematically as points are investigated by an asymptotic analysis. The effect of planar no-flow and constant-head boundaries on the response is analyzed by the theory of images. The second paper describes the field methodology and shows how the proposed approach works in the case of fractured granitic rocks.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR021i011p01655","usgsCitation":"Hsieh, P.A., and Neuman, S.P., 1985, Field determination of the three-dimensional hydraulic conductivity tensor of anisotropic media: 1. Theory: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 1, p. 1655-1665, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i011p01655.","productDescription":"11 p. ","startPage":"1655","endPage":"1665","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338261,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d6303be4b05ec799131101","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hsieh, Paul A. 0000-0003-4873-4874 pahsieh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4873-4874","contributorId":1634,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hsieh","given":"Paul","email":"pahsieh@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":39113,"text":"WMA - Office of Quality Assurance","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":686040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neuman, Shlomo P.","contributorId":189795,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neuman","given":"Shlomo","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185590,"text":"70185590 - 1985 - Assessment of the instantaneous unit hydrograph derived from the theory of topologically random networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-19T11:09:50","indexId":"70185590","displayToPublicDate":"1985-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessment of the instantaneous unit hydrograph derived from the theory of topologically random networks","docAbstract":"

An instantaneous unit hydrograph (iuh) based on the theory of topologically random networks (topological iuh) is evaluated in terms of sets of basin characteristics and hydraulic parameters. Hydrographs were computed using two linear routing methods for each of two drainage basins in the southeastern United States and are the basis of comparison for the topological iuh's. Elements in the sets of basin characteristics for the topological iuh's are the number of first-order streams only, (N), or the nuber of sources together with the number of channel links in the topological diameter (N, D); the hydraulic parameters are values of the celerity and diffusivity constant. Sensitivity analyses indicate that the mean celerity of the internal links in the network is the critical hydraulic parameter for determining the shape of the topological iuh, while the diffusivity constant has minimal effect on the topological iuh. Asymptotic results (source-only) indicate the number of sources need not be large to approximate the topological iuh with the Weibull probability density function.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR021i011p01693","usgsCitation":"Karlinger, M., and Troutman, B., 1985, Assessment of the instantaneous unit hydrograph derived from the theory of topologically random networks: Water Resources Research, v. 21, no. 11, p. 1693-1702, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR021i011p01693.","productDescription":"10 p. ","startPage":"1693","endPage":"1702","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338263,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-01-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d6303be4b05ec7991310ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Karlinger, M.R.","contributorId":95039,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karlinger","given":"M.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Troutman, B.M.","contributorId":73638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troutman","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686051,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012950,"text":"70012950 - 1985 - Origin of the Sudbury Complex by meteoritic impact: Neodymium isotopic evidence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-26T16:52:26.556428","indexId":"70012950","displayToPublicDate":"1985-10-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Origin of the Sudbury Complex by meteoritic impact: Neodymium isotopic evidence","docAbstract":"

Samarium-neodymium isotopic data on whole rocks and minerals of the Sudbury Complex in Canada gave an igneous crystallization age of 1840 ± 21 × 106 years. The initial epsilon neodymium values for 15 whole rocks are similar to those for average upper continental crust, falling on the crustal trend of neodymium isotopic evolution as defined by shales. The rare earth element concentration patterns of Sudbury rocks are also similar to upper crustal averages. These data suggest that the Sudbury Complex formed from melts generated in the upper crust and are consistent with a meteoritic impact.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.230.4724.436","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Faggart, B., Basu, A.R., and Tatsumoto, M., 1985, Origin of the Sudbury Complex by meteoritic impact: Neodymium isotopic evidence: Science, v. 230, no. 4724, p. 436-439, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.230.4724.436.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"436","endPage":"439","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221859,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Ontario","otherGeospatial":"Sudbury Complex","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.6927933840347,\n 47.26473966930919\n ],\n [\n -82.6927933840347,\n 45.97696306148865\n ],\n [\n -79.77241195204732,\n 45.97696306148865\n ],\n [\n -79.77241195204732,\n 47.26473966930919\n ],\n [\n -82.6927933840347,\n 47.26473966930919\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"230","issue":"4724","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a70fee4b0c8380cd763ba","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faggart, B.E. Jr.","contributorId":39939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faggart","given":"B.E.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364918,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Basu, A. R.","contributorId":99697,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Basu","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364920,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tatsumoto, Mitsunobu","contributorId":10444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tatsumoto","given":"Mitsunobu","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364919,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5222009,"text":"5222009 - 1985 - Presence and effects of the dog louse Trichodectes canis (Mallophaga, Trichodectidae) on wolves and coyotes from Minnesota and Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-15T15:15:37.550819","indexId":"5222009","displayToPublicDate":"1985-10-01T12:18:36","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":737,"text":"American Midland Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Presence and effects of the dog louse Trichodectes canis (Mallophaga, Trichodectidae) on wolves and coyotes from Minnesota and Wisconsin","docAbstract":"

The dog louse was found on 19 wolves (Canis lupus) and six coyotes (C. latrans) from Minnesota and Wisconsin during the July-February, 1973 through 1983, period. No evidence was found that lice had any serious effect on wolf survival.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Notre Dame","doi":"10.2307/2425616","usgsCitation":"Mech, L.D., Thiel, R., Fritts, S.H., and Berg, W.E., 1985, Presence and effects of the dog louse Trichodectes canis (Mallophaga, Trichodectidae) on wolves and coyotes from Minnesota and Wisconsin: American Midland Naturalist, v. 114, no. 2, p. 404-405, https://doi.org/10.2307/2425616.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"404","endPage":"405","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196855,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Minnesota, 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\"}}]}","volume":"114","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db6690cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335248,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thiel, Richard P.","contributorId":113936,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thiel","given":"Richard P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335249,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fritts, S. H.","contributorId":50233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335247,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Berg, W. E.","contributorId":102424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berg","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335250,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70202817,"text":"70202817 - 1985 - Interactions among temporary and permanent meiofauna: Observations on the feeding and behavior of selected taxa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-27T09:50:37","indexId":"70202817","displayToPublicDate":"1985-10-01T09:50:10","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1014,"text":"Biological Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Interactions among temporary and permanent meiofauna: Observations on the feeding and behavior of selected taxa","docAbstract":"

Meiofauna diets and behavioral patterns are relatively unknown despite the fact that in any system, predatory relationships and behavioral responses may play an important role in determining community structure. Therefore, observations on food preferences, feeding behavior, and encounter interactions of members of a meiofauna assemblage were made in the laboratory in dishes of natural sediment. The diets and behavior of two turbellarian species, Neochildia fusca and Archiloa wilsoni were examined in detail. Both are predators and both feed on a variety of other taxa, including the temporary meiofauna. Based upon the results of these experiments, a potential food web was constructed among the temporary and permanent meiofauna. The behavioral responses of these turbellarians and other members of the meiofaunal assemblage at times of encounter were also observed, categorized, and quantified. Implications of these behaviors are discussed.

","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.2307/1541491","usgsCitation":"Watzin, M.C., 1985, Interactions among temporary and permanent meiofauna: Observations on the feeding and behavior of selected taxa: Biological Bulletin, v. 169, no. 2, p. 397-416, https://doi.org/10.2307/1541491.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"397","endPage":"416","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480158,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/24823","text":"External Repository"},{"id":362359,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"169","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watzin, Mary C.","contributorId":214534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watzin","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70236859,"text":"70236859 - 1985 - On the interpretation of satellite-derived gravity and magnetic data for studies of crustal geology and metallogenesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-20T14:44:27.21253","indexId":"70236859","displayToPublicDate":"1985-10-01T09:27:51","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"On the interpretation of satellite-derived gravity and magnetic data for studies of crustal geology and metallogenesis","docAbstract":"

Satellite-derived global gravity and magnetic maps have been shown to be useful in large-scale studies of the Earth's crust, despite the relative infancy of such studies. Numerous authors have made spatial associations of gravity or magnetic anomalies with geological provinces. Gravimetric interpretations are often made in terms of isostasy, regional variations of density, or of geodesy in general. Interpretations of satellite magnetic anomalies often base assumptions of overall crustal magnetism on concepts of the vertical and horizontal distribution of magnetic susceptibility, then make models of these assumed distributions. The opportunity of improving our satellite gravity and magnetic data through the proposed Geopotential Research Mission should considerably improve the scientific community's ability to analyze and interpret global magnetic and gravity data. As data processing techniques improve, we may expect to see even more useful results of the data.

","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Geopotential Research Mission (GRM): Proceedings of a conference","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Geopotential Research Mission (GRM)","conferenceDate":"Oct 29-31, 1984","conferenceLocation":"College Park, MD","language":"English","publisher":"NASA","usgsCitation":"Hastings, D.A., 1985, On the interpretation of satellite-derived gravity and magnetic data for studies of crustal geology and metallogenesis, in Geopotential Research Mission (GRM): Proceedings of a conference, College Park, MD, Oct 29-31, 1984, p. 110-113.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"110","endPage":"113","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407056,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":407055,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19860003384","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hastings, David A.","contributorId":138985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hastings","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":852388,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012768,"text":"70012768 - 1985 - Detectability of step trends in the rate of atmospheric deposition of sulfate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-22T16:54:08.09578","indexId":"70012768","displayToPublicDate":"1985-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Detectability of step trends in the rate of atmospheric deposition of sulfate","docAbstract":"

A method is presented to assist policy makers in determining the combination of number of sampling stations and number of years of sampling necessary to state with a given probability that a step reduction in atmospheric deposition rates of a given magnitude has occurred at a pre-specified time. This pre-specified time would typically be the time at which a sulfate emission control program took effect, and the given magnitude of reduction is some percentage change in deposition rate one might expect to occur as a result of the emission control. In order to determine this probability of detection, a stochastic model of sulfate deposition rates is developed, based on New York State bulk collection network data. The model considers the effect of variation in precipitation, seasonal variations, serial correlation, and site-to-site (cross) correlation. A nonparametric statistical test which is well suited to detection of step changes in such multi-site data sets is developed. It is related to the Mann-Whitney Rank-Sum test. The test is used in Monte Carlo simulations along with the stochastic model to derive statistical power functions. These power functions describe the probability of detecting (α=0.05) a step trend in deposition rate as a function of the size of the step-trend, record length before and after the step-trend, and the number of stations sampled. The results show that, for an area the size of New York State, very little power is gained by increasing the number of stations beyond about eight. The results allow policy makers to determine the tradeoff between the cost of monitoring and time required to detect a step-trend of a given magnitude with a given probability.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00171.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"Hirsch, R., and Gilroy, E., 1985, Detectability of step trends in the rate of atmospheric deposition of sulfate: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 21, no. 5, p. 773-784, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00171.x.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"773","endPage":"784","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":221848,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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resources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-23T15:53:37.465442","indexId":"70012925","displayToPublicDate":"1985-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2529,"text":"Journal of the American Water Resources Association","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Periodic autoregressive-moving average (PARMA) modeling with applications to water resources","docAbstract":"

Results involving correlation properties and parameter estimation for autoregressive-moving average models with periodic parameters are presented. A multivariate representation of the PARMA model is used to derive parameter space restrictions and difference equations for the periodic autocorrelations. Close approximation to the likelihood function for Gaussian PARMA processes results in efficient maximum-likelihood estimation procedures. Terms in the Fourier expansion of the parameters are sequentially included, and a selection criterion is given for determining the optimal number of harmonics to be included. Application of the techniques is demonstrated through analysis of a monthly streamflow time series.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00167.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"Vecchia, A.V., 1985, Periodic autoregressive-moving average (PARMA) modeling with applications to water resources: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, v. 21, no. 5, p. 721-730, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00167.x.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"721","endPage":"730","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222450,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7348e4b0c8380cd76f4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Vecchia, A. V.","contributorId":23533,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vecchia","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364852,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1007497,"text":"1007497 - 1985 - Temporal and spatial distribution of manatees in Kings Bay, Crystal River, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-06T16:16:15.820351","indexId":"1007497","displayToPublicDate":"1985-10-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal and spatial distribution of manatees in Kings Bay, Crystal River, Florida","docAbstract":"

No abstract available. 

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801370","usgsCitation":"Kochman, H.I., Rathbun, G.B., and Powell, J.A., 1985, Temporal and spatial distribution of manatees in Kings Bay, Crystal River, Florida: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 49, no. 4, p. 921-924, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801370.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"921","endPage":"924","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129771,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","city":"Crystal River","otherGeospatial":"Kings Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.67135193409044,\n 28.919975755901376\n ],\n [\n -82.67135193409044,\n 28.87713933526335\n ],\n [\n -82.57349342442413,\n 28.87713933526335\n ],\n [\n -82.57349342442413,\n 28.919975755901376\n ],\n [\n -82.67135193409044,\n 28.919975755901376\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"49","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa156","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kochman, Howard I. hkochman@usgs.gov","contributorId":4693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kochman","given":"Howard","email":"hkochman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":315474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rathbun, Galen B.","contributorId":17571,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathbun","given":"Galen","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Powell, James A.","contributorId":190683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Powell","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":12682,"text":"Utah State University, Logan, UT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":315473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}