{"pageNumber":"455","pageRowStart":"11350","pageSize":"25","recordCount":165459,"records":[{"id":70224580,"text":"70224580 - 2021 - Nonlinear shifts in infectious rust disease due to climate change","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-29T13:39:18.489479","indexId":"70224580","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-24T08:35:10","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2842,"text":"Nature Communications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nonlinear shifts in infectious rust disease due to climate change","docAbstract":"<p><span>Range shifts of infectious plant disease are expected under climate change. As plant diseases move, emergent abiotic-biotic interactions are predicted to modify their distributions, leading to unexpected changes in disease risk. Evidence of these complex range shifts due to climate change, however, remains largely speculative. Here, we combine a long-term study of the infectious tree disease, white pine blister rust, with a six-year field assessment of drought-disease interactions in the southern Sierra Nevada. We find that climate change between 1996 and 2016 moved the climate optimum of the disease into higher elevations. The nonlinear climate change-disease relationship contributed to an estimated 5.5 (4.4–6.6) percentage points (p.p.) decline in disease prevalence in arid regions and an estimated 6.8 (5.8–7.9) p.p. increase in colder regions. Though climate change likely expanded the suitable area for blister rust by 777.9 (1.0–1392.9) km</span><sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;into previously inhospitable regions, the combination of host-pathogen and drought-disease interactions contributed to a substantial decrease (32.79%) in mean disease&nbsp;prevalence between surveys. Specifically, declining alternate host abundance suppressed infection probabilities at high elevations, even as climatic conditions became more suitable. Further, drought-disease interactions varied in strength and direction across an aridity gradient—likely decreasing infection risk at low elevations while simultaneously increasing infection risk at high elevations. These results highlight the critical role of aridity in modifying host-pathogen-drought interactions. Variation in aridity across topographic gradients can strongly mediate plant disease range shifts in response to climate change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41467-021-25182-6","usgsCitation":"Dudney, J., Willing, C., Das, A., Latimer, A.M., Nesmith, J.C., and Battles, J.J., 2021, Nonlinear shifts in infectious rust disease due to climate change: Nature Communications, v. 12, 5102, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25182-6.","productDescription":"5102, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122388","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451079,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25182-6","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":389950,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Kings Canyon National Park, Sequoia National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.30352783203125,\n              36.69485094156225\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.41888427734374,\n              37.03325468997236\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.69903564453124,\n              37.21939331752986\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.828125,\n              37.23907530202184\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.85559082031249,\n              37.19533058280065\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.75946044921874,\n              37.07271048132943\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.80615234374999,\n              36.95208671786997\n            ],\n            [\n              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of California, Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Das, Adrian 0000-0002-3937-2616 adas@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3937-2616","contributorId":201236,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Das","given":"Adrian","email":"adas@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Latimer, Andrew M.","contributorId":229043,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Latimer","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":41559,"text":"Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA, 95616, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824158,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Nesmith, Jonathan C B","contributorId":245216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nesmith","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"C B","affiliations":[{"id":49124,"text":"National Park Service, Sierra Nevada Network Inventory & Monitoring Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824159,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Battles, John J.","contributorId":102006,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Battles","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6609,"text":"UC Berkeley","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824160,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70225709,"text":"70225709 - 2021 - The Holocene dynamics of Ryder Glacier and ice tongue in north Greenland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-04T13:41:17.401004","indexId":"70225709","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-24T08:25:19","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3554,"text":"The Cryosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Holocene dynamics of Ryder Glacier and ice tongue in north Greenland","docAbstract":"<p><span>The northern sector of the Greenland Ice Sheet is considered to be particularly susceptible to ice mass loss arising from increased glacier discharge in the coming decades. However, the past extent and dynamics of outlet glaciers in this region, and hence their vulnerability to climate change, are poorly documented. In the summer of 2019, the Swedish icebreaker&nbsp;</span><i>Oden</i><span>&nbsp;entered the previously unchartered waters of Sherard Osborn Fjord, where Ryder Glacier drains approximately 2 % of Greenland's ice sheet into the Lincoln Sea. Here we reconstruct the Holocene dynamics of Ryder Glacier and its ice tongue by combining radiocarbon dating with sedimentary facies analyses along a 45 km transect of marine sediment cores collected between the modern ice tongue margin and the mouth of the fjord. The results illustrate that Ryder Glacier retreated from a grounded position at the fjord mouth during the Early Holocene (</span><span class=\"inline-formula\">&gt;</span><span> </span><span class=\"inline-formula\">10.7±0.4</span><span> ka cal BP) and receded more than 120 km to the end of Sherard Osborn Fjord by the Middle Holocene (</span><span class=\"inline-formula\">6.3±0.3</span><span> ka cal BP), likely becoming completely land-based. A re-advance of Ryder Glacier occurred in the Late Holocene, becoming marine-based around&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula\">3.9±0.4</span><span> ka cal BP. An ice tongue, similar in extent to its current position was established in the Late Holocene (between&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula\">3.6±0.4</span><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula\">2.9±0.4</span><span> ka cal BP) and extended to its maximum historical position near the fjord mouth around&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula\">0.9±0.3</span><span> ka cal BP. Laminated, clast-poor sediments were deposited during the entire retreat and regrowth phases, suggesting the persistence of an ice tongue that only collapsed when the glacier retreated behind a prominent topographic high at the landward end of the fjord. Sherard Osborn Fjord narrows inland, is constrained by steep-sided cliffs, contains a number of bathymetric pinning points that also shield the modern ice tongue and grounding zone from warm Atlantic waters, and has a shallowing inland sub-ice topography. These features are conducive to glacier stability and can explain the persistence of Ryder's ice tongue while the glacier remained marine-based. However, the physiography of the fjord did not halt the dramatic retreat of Ryder Glacier under the relatively mild changes in climate forcing during the Holocene. Presently, Ryder Glacier is grounded more than 40 km seaward of its inferred position during the Middle Holocene, highlighting the potential for substantial retreat in response to ongoing climate change.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"European Geosciences Union","doi":"10.5194/tc-15-4073-2021","usgsCitation":"O’Regan, M., Cronin, T.M., Reilly, B., Olsen Alstrup, A.K., Gemery, L., Golub, A., Mayer, L.A., Morlighem, M., Moros, M., Munk, O.L., Nilsson, J., Pearce, C., Detlef, H., Stranne, C., Vermassen, F., West, G., and Jakobsson, M., 2021, The Holocene dynamics of Ryder Glacier and ice tongue in north Greenland: The Cryosphere, v. 15, p. 4073-4097, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-4073-2021.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"4073","endPage":"4097","ipdsId":"IP-127375","costCenters":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451081,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-4073-2021","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":391381,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Greenland","otherGeospatial":"Ryder Glacier","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -63.6328125,\n              80.17871349622823\n            ],\n            [\n              -32.34375,\n              80.17871349622823\n            ],\n            [\n              -32.34375,\n              83.57940370073115\n            ],\n            [\n              -63.6328125,\n              83.57940370073115\n            ],\n            [\n              -63.6328125,\n              80.17871349622823\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"O’Regan, Matt","contributorId":197135,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"O’Regan","given":"Matt","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25421,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cronin, Thomas M. 0000-0002-2643-0979 tcronin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":2579,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"Thomas","email":"tcronin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reilly, Brendan","contributorId":258076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reilly","given":"Brendan","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olsen Alstrup, Aage K.","contributorId":268312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olsen Alstrup","given":"Aage","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gemery, Laura 0000-0003-1966-8732","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1966-8732","contributorId":245413,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gemery","given":"Laura","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":826362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Golub, Anna","contributorId":268313,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Golub","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Mayer, Larry A.","contributorId":69583,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mayer","given":"Larry","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Morlighem, Mathieu","contributorId":141050,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Morlighem","given":"Mathieu","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6976,"text":"University of California, Irvine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Moros, Matthias","contributorId":268314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Moros","given":"Matthias","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Munk, Ole L.","contributorId":268315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Munk","given":"Ole","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Nilsson, Johan","contributorId":166855,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nilsson","given":"Johan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24562,"text":"Stockholm University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Pearce, Christof","contributorId":197126,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pearce","given":"Christof","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25421,"text":"Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Detlef, Henrieka","contributorId":268316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Detlef","given":"Henrieka","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Stranne, Christian","contributorId":166862,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stranne","given":"Christian","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24562,"text":"Stockholm University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Vermassen, Flor","contributorId":268317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vermassen","given":"Flor","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"West, Gabriel","contributorId":258085,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"West","given":"Gabriel","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":826373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Jakobsson, Martin","contributorId":166854,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jakobsson","given":"Martin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24562,"text":"Stockholm University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}}
,{"id":70224330,"text":"70224330 - 2021 - Thyroid disruption and oxidative stress in American kestrels following embryonic exposure to the alternative flame retardants, EHTBB and TBPH","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-23T12:50:23.708822","indexId":"70224330","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-24T07:47:43","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1523,"text":"Environment International","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Thyroid disruption and oxidative stress in American kestrels following embryonic exposure to the alternative flame retardants, EHTBB and TBPH","docAbstract":"<div id=\"ab015\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"as015\"><p id=\"sp0015\">Brominated flame retardant chemicals, such as 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EHTBB) (CAS #: 183658–27-7) and bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) (CAS #: 26040–51-7), have been detected in avian tissues and eggs from remote regions. Exposure to EHTBB and TBPH has been shown to cause oxidative stress and altered thyroid function in rodents and fish, yet no controlled studies have examined potential adverse effects of exposure in birds. Because flame retardants have been detected in wild raptors, we used American kestrels (<i>Falco sparverius</i>) as a model raptor to determine whether<span>&nbsp;</span><i>in ovo</i><span>&nbsp;</span>exposure to EHTBB or TBPH affected growth, hatching success, oxidative stress, or thyroid function. We exposed kestrel embryos to nominal concentrations (10, 50, or 100&nbsp;ng&nbsp;g<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>egg weight) of EHTBB and TBPH via egg-injection on embryonic day 5. Embryonic exposure (~23 d) to EHTBB increased thyroid gland mass, reduced glandular colloid and total thyroxine (T4) in hatchling males and females, whereas deiodinase enzyme activity increased in males but decreased in females. Hatchlings exposed to TBPH in ovo exhibited reduced colloid and increased oxidative stress. Although exposure to EHTBB and TBPH caused several physiological effects (e.g., heart and brain mass), only exposure to 50&nbsp;ng&nbsp;g<sup>−1</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>EHTBB appeared to reduce hatching success. Our results suggest these flame retardants may be hazardous for predatory birds. Future research should evaluate long-term survival and fitness consequences in birds exposed to these chemicals.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.envint.2021.106826","usgsCitation":"Goodchild, C., Karouna-Renier, N., Henry, P.F., Letcher, R.J., Schultz, S.L., Maddox, C.M., Bean, T., Peters, L.E., Palace, V.P., and Fernie, K.J., 2021, Thyroid disruption and oxidative stress in American kestrels following embryonic exposure to the alternative flame retardants, EHTBB and TBPH: Environment International, v. 157, 106826, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106826.","productDescription":"106826, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-129632","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451084,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2021.106826","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436230,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9E6PSNO","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Biomarker responses in American kestrels exposed in ovo to EHTBB and TBPH"},{"id":389645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"157","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodchild, CHristopher","contributorId":265929,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodchild","given":"CHristopher","affiliations":[{"id":54572,"text":"University of Central Oklahoma","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823767,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karouna-Renier, Natalie 0000-0001-7127-033X nkarouna@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7127-033X","contributorId":200983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karouna-Renier","given":"Natalie","email":"nkarouna@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823768,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Henry, Paula F. P. 0000-0002-7601-5546 phenry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-5546","contributorId":4485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Paula","email":"phenry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F. P.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823769,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Letcher, Robert J.","contributorId":176209,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Letcher","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823770,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schultz, Sandra L. 0000-0003-3394-2857 sschultz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3394-2857","contributorId":5966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schultz","given":"Sandra","email":"sschultz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823771,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Maddox, Catherine M.","contributorId":192013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maddox","given":"Catherine","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823772,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bean, Thomas","contributorId":202972,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bean","given":"Thomas","affiliations":[{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Peters, Lisa E.","contributorId":176211,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peters","given":"Lisa","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Palace, Vince P.","contributorId":176210,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palace","given":"Vince","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Fernie, Kimberly J.","contributorId":176208,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fernie","given":"Kimberly","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70224308,"text":"70224308 - 2021 - Drivers of extreme water levels in a large, urban, high-energy coastal estuary – A case study of the San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-21T12:47:16.692844","indexId":"70224308","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-24T07:45:03","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1262,"text":"Coastal Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Drivers of extreme water levels in a large, urban, high-energy coastal estuary – A case study of the San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"abs0010\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"abssec0010\"><p id=\"abspara0010\">Reliable and long-term hindcast data of water levels are essential in quantifying return period and values of extreme water levels. In order to inform design decisions on a local flood control district level, process-based numerical modeling has proven an essential tool to provide the needed temporal and spatial coverage for different extreme value analysis methods. To determine the importance of different physical processes to the extreme water levels we developed a process-based numerical model (Delft3D Flexible Mesh) and applied it to simulate a large, urban, high-energy coastal estuary (the San Francisco Bay). The unstructured grid with 1D/2DH model elements, allows for efficient model simulations and therefore it was possible to simulate over 70 years between 1950 and 2019. Results show significant skill in reproducing observations for the entire modeled time period with an average root-mean-square error of 8.0&nbsp;cm. A process-based modeling approach allows for the explicit in- and exclusion of different physical processes to quantify their importance to the extremes. For the 100-year still water level (SWL), tide (70%) and non-tidal residual (NTR) (25%) explain the majority of the simulated high water levels in the Bay relative to Mean Higher High Water (MHHW). However, closer to the Delta, local fluvial inflow increases in importance. For longer return periods, the importance of tide decreases and the importance of remote NTRs and fluvial inflow increases.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2021.103984","usgsCitation":"Nederhoff, C.M., Saleh, R., Tehranirad, B., Herdman, L.M., Erikson, L.H., Barnard, P.L., and Van der Wegen, M., 2021, Drivers of extreme water levels in a large, urban, high-energy coastal estuary – A case study of the San Francisco Bay: Coastal Engineering, v. 170, 103984, 12 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2021.103984.","productDescription":"103984, 12 p.","ipdsId":"IP-126090","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451086,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2021.103984","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436231,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9WWB9V4","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hydrodynamic model of the San Francisco Bay and Delta, California"},{"id":389536,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -123.837890625,\n              36.91476428895589\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.73974609374999,\n              36.91476428895589\n            ],\n            [\n              -120.73974609374999,\n              38.66835610151506\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.837890625,\n              38.66835610151506\n            ],\n            [\n              -123.837890625,\n              36.91476428895589\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"170","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nederhoff, Cornelis M. 0000-0003-0552-3428","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0552-3428","contributorId":265889,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nederhoff","given":"Cornelis","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":33886,"text":"Deltares USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":823670,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Saleh, Rohin","contributorId":265891,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saleh","given":"Rohin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54818,"text":"Alameda Flood Control District","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823676,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Tehranirad, Babak 0000-0002-1634-9165","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1634-9165","contributorId":265890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tehranirad","given":"Babak","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823671,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Herdman, Liv M. 0000-0002-5444-6441 lherdman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5444-6441","contributorId":149964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herdman","given":"Liv","email":"lherdman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823672,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Erikson, Li H. 0000-0002-8607-7695 lerikson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8607-7695","contributorId":149963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Erikson","given":"Li","email":"lerikson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823673,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barnard, Patrick L. 0000-0003-1414-6476 pbarnard@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1414-6476","contributorId":140982,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barnard","given":"Patrick","email":"pbarnard@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823674,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Van der Wegen, Mick","contributorId":191095,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van der Wegen","given":"Mick","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":823675,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70226501,"text":"70226501 - 2021 - Random variable","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-22T14:16:14.179646","indexId":"70226501","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-24T07:25:24","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Random variable","docAbstract":"<p id=\"Par1\" class=\"Para\">A random variable is a function that assigns a value in a sample space to an element of an arbitrary set (James<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"CitationRef\">1992</span>; Pawlowsky-Glahn et al.<span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"CitationRef\">2015</span>). It is a model for a random experiment: the arbitrary set is an abstraction of the experimental conditions, the values taken by the random variable are in the sample space, and the function itself models the assignment of outcomes, thus also describing its frequency of appearance. In simpler terms, for the purpose of this presentation, a random variable is a function that assigns to each of the outcomes of a random experiment a value with a certain probability. A random variable also goes by stochastic variable and aleatory variable. Random variables are usually annotated as Roman capital letters, such as<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">X</i><span>&nbsp;</span>or<span>&nbsp;</span><i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">Y</i>.</p>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Encyclopedia of Mathematical Geosciences","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-26050-7_429-1","usgsCitation":"Olea, R., 2021, Random variable, chap. <i>of</i> Encyclopedia of Mathematical Geosciences, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-26050-7_429-1.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-124122","costCenters":[{"id":49175,"text":"Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":391978,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olea, Ricardo A. 0000-0003-4308-0808","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4308-0808","contributorId":224285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olea","given":"Ricardo A.","affiliations":[{"id":241,"text":"Eastern Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":827121,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70230324,"text":"70230324 - 2021 - A ground motion model for GNSS peak ground displacement","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-07T12:22:56.814703","indexId":"70230324","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-24T07:18:34","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A ground motion model for GNSS peak ground displacement","docAbstract":"<p><span>We present an updated ground‐motion model (GMM) for&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msub xmlns=&quot;&quot;><mi>M</mi><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>w</mi></msub></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-1\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-2\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-3\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-4\" class=\"mi\">M</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-5\" class=\"mi\">w</span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">Mw</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;6–9 earthquakes using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) observations of the peak ground displacement (PGD). Earthquake GMMs inform a range of Earth science and engineering applications, including source characterization, seismic hazard evaluations, loss estimates, and seismic design standards. A typical GMM is characterized by simplified metrics describing the earthquake source (magnitude), observation distance, and site terms. Most often, GMMs are derived from broadband seismometer and accelerometer observations, yet during strong shaking, these traditional seismic instruments are affected by baseline offsets, leading to inaccurate recordings of low‐frequency ground motions such as displacement. The incorporation of geodetic data sources, particularly for characterizing the unsaturated ground displacement of large‐magnitude events, has proven valuable as a complement to traditional seismic approaches and led to the development of an initial point‐source GMM based on PGD estimated from high‐rate GNSS data. Here, we improve the existing GMM to more effectively account for fault finiteness, slip heterogeneity, and observation distance. We evaluate the limitations of the currently available GNSS earthquake data set to calibrate the GMM. In particular, the observed earthquake data set is lacking in observations within 100&nbsp;km of large‐magnitude events (</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\">⁠<span id=\"MathJax-Element-2-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msub xmlns=&quot;&quot;><mi>M</mi><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>w</mi></msub><mo xmlns=&quot;&quot;>&amp;gt;</mo><mn xmlns=&quot;&quot;>8</mn></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-6\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-7\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-8\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-9\" class=\"mi\">M</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-10\" class=\"mi\">w</span></span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-11\" class=\"mo\">&gt;</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-12\" class=\"mn\">8</span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">Mw&gt;8</span></span>⁠</span><span>), inhibiting evaluation of fault dimensions for earthquakes too large to be represented as point sources in the near field. To that end, we separately consider previously validated synthetic GNSS waveforms within 10–1000&nbsp;km of&nbsp;</span><span class=\"inline-formula no-formula-id\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-3-Frame\" class=\"MathJax\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msub xmlns=&quot;&quot;><mi>M</mi><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>w</mi></msub></math>\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-13\" class=\"math\"><span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-14\" class=\"mrow\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-15\" class=\"msub\"><span id=\"MathJax-Span-16\" class=\"mi\">M</span><span id=\"MathJax-Span-17\" class=\"mi\">w</span></span></span></span></span><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">Mw</span></span></span><span>&nbsp;7.8–9.3 Cascadia subduction zone scenario ruptures. The synthetic data highlight the importance of fault distance rather than point‐source metrics and improve our preparedness for large‐magnitude earthquakes with spatiotemporal qualities unlike those in our existing data set.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/0120210042","usgsCitation":"Goldberg, D.E., Melgar, D., Hayes, G., Sahakian, V., and Crowell, B.W., 2021, A ground motion model for GNSS peak ground displacement: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 111, no. 5, p. 2393-2407, https://doi.org/10.1785/0120210042.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"2393","endPage":"2407","ipdsId":"IP-130463","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":436232,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P905JY97","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"High-rate GNSS Observations and Finite Fault Models of Moderate to Large Earthquakes"},{"id":398304,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"111","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goldberg, Dara Elyse 0000-0002-0923-3180","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0923-3180","contributorId":289891,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goldberg","given":"Dara","email":"","middleInitial":"Elyse","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":839983,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Melgar, Diego","contributorId":193030,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Melgar","given":"Diego","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":840013,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hayes, Gavin P. 0000-0003-3323-0112","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3323-0112","contributorId":6157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Gavin P.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":839984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sahakian, Valerie J.","contributorId":208097,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sahakian","given":"Valerie J.","affiliations":[{"id":6604,"text":"University of Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":839986,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Crowell, Brendan W.","contributorId":184207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Crowell","given":"Brendan","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":839985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70241793,"text":"70241793 - 2021 - Trade-offs in initial and long-term handling efficiency of PIT-tag and photographic identification methods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-03-27T12:02:37.912389","indexId":"70241793","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-24T07:01:19","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Trade-offs in initial and long-term handling efficiency of PIT-tag and photographic identification methods","docAbstract":"<div id=\"ab015\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"as015\"><p id=\"sp0015\">Individual identification is required for long-term investigations that examine population-level changes in survival or abundance, and mechanisms associated with these changes in wild populations. Such identification generally requires the application of a unique mark, or the documentation of characteristics distinctive to each individual animal. To minimize impacts to often declining populations, scientific and ethical concerns encourage marking strategies that minimize handling time (i.e., stress) for captured individuals. We examined the relative efficacy of passive integrated transponder (PIT)-tagging and photo-identification to identify individual Boreal toads (<i>Anaxyrus boreas boreas</i>) in field and indoor settings. We evaluated whether initial handling time was influenced by identification method (PIT-tag or photo-identification) or environment (field or indoor) and assessed the applicability of each method in long-term monitoring programs. Initial handling time was higher for PIT-tagging than photo-identification and higher in the field than in an indoor environment; however, handling time for previously PIT-tagged individuals was greatly reduced such that photo-identification led to&nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;5.5 times more handling time than PIT-tagging over the course of a toad's lifetime. Investigators must determine the trade-off between initial and subsequent handling times to minimize the expected (mean) cumulative handling time for an individual over the course of a study. Cumulative handling time is a function of the study design and the species’ survival and detection probabilities. We developed a Shiny Application to allow investigators to determine the identification method that minimizes handling time for their own study system.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108110","usgsCitation":"Roberts, L., Fueka, A.B., Muths, E.L., Hardy, B., and Bailey, L., 2021, Trade-offs in initial and long-term handling efficiency of PIT-tag and photographic identification methods: Ecological Indicators, v. 130, 108110, 6 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108110.","productDescription":"108110, 6 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124718","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451091,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108110","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":436233,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P924OCXC","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Handling times: tagging vs photos, Boreal toads in WY/CO 2020"},{"id":414765,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"130","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roberts, Lindsey","contributorId":303675,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roberts","given":"Lindsey","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fueka, Abigail B.","contributorId":272882,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fueka","given":"Abigail","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":867744,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132 muthse@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":1260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin","email":"muthse@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":867743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hardy, Bennett","contributorId":303568,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hardy","given":"Bennett","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bailey, Larissa L.","contributorId":229353,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bailey","given":"Larissa L.","affiliations":[{"id":6621,"text":"Colorado State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":867745,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70226186,"text":"70226186 - 2021 - Is there tree senescence? The fecundity evidence","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-11-16T12:53:49.546189","indexId":"70226186","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-24T06:51:34","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3164,"text":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Is there tree senescence? The fecundity evidence","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstract-2\" class=\"section abstract\"><p id=\"p-7\">Despite its importance for forest regeneration, food webs, and human economies, changes in tree fecundity with tree size and age remain largely unknown. The allometric increase with tree diameter assumed in ecological models would substantially overestimate seed contributions from large trees if fecundity eventually declines with size. Current estimates are dominated by overrepresentation of small trees in regression models. We combined global fecundity data, including a substantial representation of large trees. We compared size–fecundity relationships against traditional allometric scaling with diameter and two models based on crown architecture. All allometric models fail to describe the declining rate of increase in fecundity with diameter found for 80% of 597 species in our analysis. The strong evidence of declining fecundity, beyond what can be explained by crown architectural change, is consistent with physiological decline. A downward revision of projected fecundity of large trees can improve the next generation of forest dynamic models.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"PNAS","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2106130118","usgsCitation":"Qiu, T., Aavena Acuna, M., Andrus, R.A., Ascoli, D., Bergeron, Y., Berretti, R., Bogdziewicz, M., Boivin, T., Bonal, R., Caignard, T., Calama, R., Camarero, J., Clark, C., Courbaud, B., Delzon, S., Donoso Calderon, S., Farfan-Rios, W., Gehring, C.A., Gilbert, G.S., Greenberg, C.H., Guo, Q., Hille Ris Lambers, J., Hoshizaki, H., Ibanez, I., Journé, V., Kilner, C., Kobe, R., Koenig, W., Kunstler, G., LaMontagne, J., Ledwon, M., Lutz, J.A., Motta, R., Myers, J.A., Nagel, T.A., Noguchi, K., Nunez, C., Pearse, I.S., Perez-Izquierdo, C., Piechnik, L., Poulson, J., Poulton-Kamakura, R., Redmond, M., Reid, C., Rodman, K.C., Scher, C.L., Schmidt Van Marle, H., Seget, B., Sharma, S., Silman, M., Swenson, J., Swift, M., Uriarte, M., Vacchiano, G., Valencia, R., Vander Yacht, A., Veblen, T.T., Whipple, A., Whitham, T.G., Wion, A., Wright, J., Zhu, K., Zimmerman, J.K., Zywiec, M., and Clark, J.S., 2021, Is there tree senescence? The fecundity evidence: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 118, no. 34, e2106130118, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2106130118.","productDescription":"e2106130118, 10 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127584","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451093,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2106130118","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":391737,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"34","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Qiu, Tong","contributorId":268817,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Qiu","given":"Tong","affiliations":[{"id":55678,"text":"Duke U","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826749,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Aavena Acuna, Marie-Claire","contributorId":268818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Aavena Acuna","given":"Marie-Claire","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":37346,"text":"Universidad de Chile","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Andrus, Robert A.","contributorId":229021,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Andrus","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":41541,"text":"Department of Geography, University of Colorado Boulder, Guggenheim 110, 260 UCB, Boulder, Colorado, 80309-0260, USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ascoli, Davide","contributorId":224289,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ascoli","given":"Davide","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40848,"text":"University of Torino","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bergeron, Yves","contributorId":256848,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bergeron","given":"Yves","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":40150,"text":"Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826753,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Berretti, Roberta","contributorId":268819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berretti","given":"Roberta","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55679,"text":"U Turin","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826754,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bogdziewicz, Michal","contributorId":256849,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bogdziewicz","given":"Michal","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36493,"text":"USDA Forest Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Boivin, Thomas","contributorId":268820,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Boivin","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55680,"text":"INRAE, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Bonal, Raul","contributorId":268821,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bonal","given":"Raul","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55681,"text":"University of Madrid","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Caignard, Thomas","contributorId":268822,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Caignard","given":"Thomas","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55680,"text":"INRAE, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Calama, Rafael","contributorId":268823,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Calama","given":"Rafael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55682,"text":"INIA-CIFOR, Spain","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Camarero, Julio","contributorId":268824,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camarero","given":"Julio","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":38355,"text":"Instituto Pirenaico de Ecologia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826760,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Clark, Connie","contributorId":268825,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clark","given":"Connie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":55678,"text":"Duke U","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":826761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Courbaud, Benoit","contributorId":256858,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Courbaud","given":"Benoit","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":39773,"text":"Univ. 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,{"id":70228916,"text":"70228916 - 2021 - Linking demographic rates to local environmental conditions: Empirical data to support climate adaptation strategies for Eleutherodactylus frogs","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-24T23:43:49.016459","indexId":"70228916","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-23T17:15:32","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3871,"text":"Global Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Linking demographic rates to local environmental conditions: Empirical data to support climate adaptation strategies for <i>Eleutherodactylus </i> frogs","title":"Linking demographic rates to local environmental conditions: Empirical data to support climate adaptation strategies for Eleutherodactylus frogs","docAbstract":"<p><span>Conducting managed species translocations and establishing climate change&nbsp;<a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about refugia from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/refugium\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/refugium\">refugia</a>&nbsp;are adaptation strategies to cope with projected consequences of global warming, but successful implementation requires on-the-ground validation of demographic responses to transient climate conditions. Here we estimated the effect of nine abiotic and biotic factors on local occupancy and an index of abundance (few or chorus) for four amphibian species (</span><span><i><a class=\"topic-link\" title=\"Learn more about Eleutherodactylus from ScienceDirect's AI-generated Topic Pages\" href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/eleutherodactylus\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/eleutherodactylus\">Eleutherodactylus</a></i><i>&nbsp;wightmanae</i></span><span>,&nbsp;</span><i>E. brittoni</i><span>,&nbsp;</span><i>E. antillensis,</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>E. coqui</i><span>) in Puerto Rico, USA. We also assessed how the same factors influenced reproductive activity of&nbsp;</span><i>E. coqui</i><span>&nbsp;and how species responded to hurricane María (20 September 2017). As predicted, occupancy and abundance of&nbsp;</span><i>E. wightmanae</i><span>,&nbsp;</span><i>E. brittoni</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>E. coqui</i><span>&nbsp;were positively and strongly influenced by abiotic covariates (e.g., relative humidity) that characterize high elevation, mesic habitats.&nbsp;</span><i>E. antillensis</i><span>&nbsp;exhibited the opposite pattern, with highest probabilities (≥0.6) recorded at ≤300&nbsp;m and with average relative humidity&lt;75%. Biotic covariates (e.g., canopy cover) had a weak influence on both parameters, regardless of species. High probabilities (≥0.9) of detecting an&nbsp;</span><i>E. coqui</i><span>&nbsp;chorus and active nests occurred at sites experiencing average relative humidity of&gt;80% and temperature of ≤26&nbsp;°C. Moderate to high probabilities of detecting a chorus (0.4–0.7) were recorded at sites with average temperatures&gt;26&nbsp;°C, but no reproductive activity was detected, implying that monitoring abundance alone could misrepresent the capacity of a local population to sustain itself. The possibility underscores the importance of understanding the interplay between local demographic and environmental parameters in the advent of global warming to help guide monitoring and management decisions, especially for high elevation specialists. Hurricanes can inflict marked reductions in population numbers, but impacts vary by location and species. We found that the abundance (chorus) of&nbsp;</span><i>E. antillensis</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>E. brittoni</i><span>&nbsp;increased after the hurricane, but the abundance of the other two species did not differ between years. Lack of impacts was probably mediated by low structural damage to forest tracts (e.g., 9% canopy loss). Our findings help assess habitat suitability in terms of parameters that foster local population growth, which provides a basis for testing spatio-temporal predictions about demographic rates in potential climate refugia and for designing criteria to help guide managed translocations.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01624","usgsCitation":"Rivera-Burgos, A., Collazo, J.A., Terando, A., and Pacifici, K., 2021, Linking demographic rates to local environmental conditions: Empirical data to support climate adaptation strategies for Eleutherodactylus frogs: Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 28, e01624,16 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01624.","productDescription":"e01624,16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-119108","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451095,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01624","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396461,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Puerto 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0000-0002-9280-043X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9280-043X","contributorId":205908,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Terando","given":"Adam","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":835886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pacifici, Krishna","contributorId":244494,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pacifici","given":"Krishna","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":835887,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70223323,"text":"70223323 - 2021 - Novel microbiome dominated by Arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in Andros Island, The Bahamas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T11:57:41.742546","indexId":"70223323","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-23T15:18:36","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Novel microbiome dominated by Arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in Andros Island, The Bahamas","docAbstract":"<p><span>Andros Island, The Bahamas, composed of porous carbonate rock, has about 175 inland blue holes and over 50 known submerged ocean caves along its eastern barrier reef. These ocean blue holes can have both vertical and horizontal zones that penetrate under the island. Tidal forces drive water flow in and out of these caves. King Kong Cavern has a vertical collapse zone and a deep penetration under Andros Island that emits sulfidic, anoxic water and masses of thin, mucoid filaments ranging to meters in length and off-white turbid water during ebb flow. Our objective was to determine the microbial composition of this mucoid material and the unconsolidated water column turbidity based on the concept that they represent unique lithoautotrophic microbial material swept from the cave into the surrounding ocean. Bacterial DNA extracted from these filaments and surrounding turbid water was characterized using PCR that targeted a portion of the 16S rRNA gene. The genus Arcobacter dominated both the filaments and the water column above the cave entrance.&nbsp;</span><i>Arcobacter nitrofigilis</i><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><i>Arcobacter</i><span>&nbsp;sp. UDC415 in the mucoid filaments accounted for as much as 80% of mapped DNA reads. In the water column&nbsp;</span><i>Arcobacter</i><span>&nbsp;comprised from 65% to over 85% of the reads in the depth region from about 18 m to 34 m. Bacterial species diversity was much higher in surface water and in water deeper than 36 m than in the intermediate zone. Community composition indicates that ebb flow from the cavern influences the entire water column at least to within 6 m of the surface and perhaps the near surface as well.</span><br><br></p>","language":"English","publisher":"PLoS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0256305","usgsCitation":"Iwanowicz, D.D., Jonas, R.B., Schill, W.B., and Marano-Briggs, K., 2021, Novel microbiome dominated by Arcobacter during anoxic excurrent flow from an ocean blue hole in Andros Island, The Bahamas: PLoS ONE, v. 16, no. 8, e0256305, 16 p., https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256305.","productDescription":"e0256305, 16 p.","ipdsId":"IP-126590","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451097,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256305","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":388384,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"The Bahamas","otherGeospatial":"Andros Island, King Kong Cavern","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -77.93701171875,\n              24.455900450790526\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.52777099609375,\n              24.455900450790526\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.52777099609375,\n              24.857780406707583\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.93701171875,\n              24.857780406707583\n            ],\n            [\n              -77.93701171875,\n              24.455900450790526\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Iwanowicz, Deborah D. 0000-0002-9613-8594 diwanowicz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9613-8594","contributorId":2253,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Deborah","email":"diwanowicz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jonas, Robert B","contributorId":264606,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jonas","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"B","affiliations":[{"id":12909,"text":"George Mason University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schill, William B. 0000-0002-9217-984X wschill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9217-984X","contributorId":2736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schill","given":"William","email":"wschill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Marano-Briggs, Kay kmbriggs@usgs.gov","contributorId":40316,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marano-Briggs","given":"Kay","email":"kmbriggs@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":821786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70223332,"text":"ds1140 - 2021 - Distribution and abundance of Southwestern Willow Flycatchers (Empidonax traillii extimus) on the upper San Luis Rey River, San Diego County, California—2020 data summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-24T11:44:52.091294","indexId":"ds1140","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-23T12:42:39","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":310,"text":"Data Series","code":"DS","onlineIssn":"2327-638X","printIssn":"2327-0271","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1140","displayTitle":"Distribution and Abundance of Southwestern Willow Flycatchers (<i>Empidonax traillii extimus</i>) on the Upper San Luis Rey River, San Diego County, California—2020 Data Summary","title":"Distribution and abundance of Southwestern Willow Flycatchers (Empidonax traillii extimus) on the upper San Luis Rey River, San Diego County, California—2020 data summary","docAbstract":"<p>We surveyed for Southwestern Willow Flycatchers (<i>Empidonax traillii extimus</i>; flycatcher) along the upper San Luis Rey River, near Lake Henshaw, in Santa Ysabel, California, in 2020. Surveys were completed at four locations: three downstream from Lake Henshaw, where nest monitoring occurred from 2015 to 2019 (Rey River Ranch [RRR], Cleveland National Forest [CNF], Vista Irrigation District [VID]), and one at VID Lake Henshaw (VLH) that was previously surveyed in 2018 and 2019. There were 62 territorial flycatchers detected at 3 locations (RRR, CNF, VLH); no flycatchers were detected at VID. Within the former nest monitoring study area, 11 flycatchers, including 5 males and 6 females, were detected at RRR and CNF. In total, seven territories were established, consisting of six pairs (two polygynous groups consisting of two males each pairing with two different females) and one male of undetermined breeding status. Upstream from the former nest monitoring study area at VLH, we detected 51 flycatchers, including 24 males and 27 females. There were 28 territories established, containing 27 pairs (23 monogamous pairings and 4 confirmed polygynous pairings consisting of 1 male and 2 females) and 1 male of undetermined breeding status. Brown-headed cowbirds (<i>Molothrus ater</i>; cowbird) were detected at all four survey locations.</p><p>Flycatchers used four different habitat types in the survey area: (1) mixed willow riparian, (2) willow-oak, (3) willow-ash, and (4) willow-sycamore. Eighty percent of the flycatchers were detected in habitat characterized as mixed willow riparian, and 83 percent of the flycatchers were detected in habitat with greater than 50-percent native plant cover. Exotic vegetation was not prevalent in the survey area.</p><p>There were 17 flycatcher nests incidentally located during surveys: 2 were successful, 3 were seen with nestlings on the last visit, 10 failed, and the outcome of the remaining 2 nests was unknown. Five of these nests were parasitized by cowbirds. There were 10 juveniles detected during surveys: 2 at RRR and 8 at VLH.</p><p>Of the 17 banded flycatchers detected during surveys, 8 were resighted and confirmed to be adults that held territories in previous years. Seven flycatchers with a single dark blue federal band, indicating that they were banded as nestlings in the former nest monitoring study area downstream from Lake Henshaw, were resighted during surveys; 86 percent of these “natal” flycatchers held territories at VLH.</p><p>In 2020, we documented both adult and natal flycatchers moving from the former nest monitoring study area downstream from Lake Henshaw upstream to the habitat surrounding Lake Henshaw. Six natal flycatchers that were originally banded as nestlings and two adults that previously held territories downstream dispersed to Lake Henshaw in 2020.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ds1140","usgsCitation":"Howell, S.L., and Kus, B.E., 2021, Distribution and abundance of Southwestern Willow Flycatchers (Empidonax traillii extimus) on the upper San Luis Rey River, San Diego County, California—2020 data summary: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1140, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1140.","productDescription":"vi, 11 p.","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-126374","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388356,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1140/covrthb.jpg"},{"id":388357,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1140/ds1140.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":388359,"rank":4,"type":{"id":34,"text":"Image Folder"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1140/images"},{"id":388358,"rank":3,"type":{"id":31,"text":"Publication XML"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/1140/ds1140.xml"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"San Diego County","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -116.9769287109375,\n              33.15364887320581\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.69403076171875,\n              33.15364887320581\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.69403076171875,\n              33.29150775159364\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.9769287109375,\n              33.29150775159364\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.9769287109375,\n              33.15364887320581\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director,<br><a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/%20centers/%20werc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/ centers/ werc\">Western Ecological Research Center</a><br><a href=\"https://usgs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-mce-href=\"https://usgs.gov\">U.S. Geological Survey</a><br>3020 State University Drive East<br>Sacramento, California 95819</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Executive Summary</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Methods</li><li>Results</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"publishedDate":"2021-08-23","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Howell, Scarlett L. 0000-0001-7538-4860 showell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7538-4860","contributorId":140441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howell","given":"Scarlett","email":"showell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kus, Barbara E. 0000-0002-3679-3044 barbara_kus@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3679-3044","contributorId":3026,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kus","given":"Barbara E.","email":"barbara_kus@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70230044,"text":"70230044 - 2021 - Identifying the ecological and management implications of mangrove migration in the northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-28T14:43:35.819413","indexId":"70230044","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-23T09:38:29","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":10527,"text":"Final Project Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"title":"Identifying the ecological and management implications of mangrove migration in the northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"Climate change is transforming ecosystems and affecting ecosystem goods and services. Along the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic coasts of the southeastern United States, the frequency and intensity of extreme freeze events greatly influences whether coastal wetlands are dominated by freeze-sensitive woody plants (mangrove forests) or freeze-tolerant grass-like plants (salt marshes). In response to warming winters, mangroves have been expanding and displacing salt marshes at varying degrees of severity in parts of north Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. As winter warming accelerates, mangrove range expansion is expected to increasingly modify wetland ecosystem structure and function. Because there are differences in the ecological and societal benefits that salt marshes and mangroves provide, coastal environmental managers are challenged to anticipate effects of mangrove expansion on critical wetland ecosystem services, including those related to carbon sequestration, wildlife habitat, storm protection, erosion reduction, water purification, fisheries support, and recreation. This project produced information that is relevant to scientists and coastal resource managers working within the transition zone between mangrove forests and salt marshes. The two primary products are: (1) an investigation that leverages data and information from a community-curated data network called the Mangrove Migration Network to refine temperature thresholds for mangrove range expansion in a warming climate; and (2) a review article that examines current understanding of the effects of mangrove range expansion and displacement of salt marshes on wetland ecosystem services, including those related to carbon sequestration, wildlife habitat, storm protection, erosion reduction, water purification, fisheries support, and recreation.","language":"English","publisher":"Southeast Climate Adaptation Science Center (SECASC)","usgsCitation":"Osland, M., 2021, Identifying the ecological and management implications of mangrove migration in the northern Gulf of Mexico: Final Project Report, 26 p.","productDescription":"26 p.","ipdsId":"IP-132784","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research 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0000-0001-9902-8692","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9902-8692","contributorId":222814,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Osland","given":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":838877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70229215,"text":"70229215 - 2021 - Divergence in salinity tolerance of northern Gulf of Mexico eastern oysters under field and laboratory exposure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-03-03T14:59:38.931927","indexId":"70229215","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-23T08:48:41","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3919,"text":"Conservation Physiology","onlineIssn":"2051-1434","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Divergence in salinity tolerance of northern Gulf of Mexico eastern oysters under field and laboratory exposure","docAbstract":"<p><span>The eastern oyster,&nbsp;</span><i>Crassostrea virginica</i><span>, is a foundation species within US Gulf of Mexico (GoM) estuaries that has experienced substantial population declines. As changes from management and climate are expected to continue to impact estuarine salinity, understanding how local oyster populations might respond and identifying populations with adaptations to more extreme changes in salinity could inform resource management, including restoration and aquaculture programs. Wild oysters were collected from four estuarine sites from Texas [Packery Channel (PC): 35.5, annual mean salinity, Aransas Bay (AB): 23.0] and Louisiana [Calcasieu Lake (CL): 16.2, Vermilion Bay (VB): 7.4] and spawned. The progeny were compared in field and laboratory studies under different salinity regimes. For the field study, F1 oysters were deployed at low (6.4) and intermediate (16.5) salinity sites in Alabama. Growth and mortality were measured monthly. Condition index and&nbsp;</span><i>Perkinsus marinus</i><span>&nbsp;infection intensity were measured quarterly. For the laboratory studies, mortality was recorded in F1 oysters that were exposed to salinities of 2.0, 4.0, 20.0/22.0, 38.0 and 44.0 with and without acclimation. The results of the field study and laboratory study with acclimation indicated that PC oysters are adapted to high-salinity conditions and do not tolerate very low salinities. The AB stock had the highest plasticity as it performed as well as the PC stock at high salinities and as well as Louisiana stocks at the lowest salinity. Louisiana stocks did not perform as well as the Texas stocks at high salinities. Results from the laboratory studies without salinity acclimation showed that all F1 stocks experiencing rapid mortality at low salinities when 3-month oysters collected at a salinity of 24 were used and at both low and high salinities when 7-month oysters collected at a salinity of 14.5 were used.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.1093/conphys/coab065","usgsCitation":"Marshall, D., Casas, S., Walton, W., Rikard, F., Palmer, T., Breaux, N., La Peyre, M., Pollack, J., Kelly, M., and LaPeyre, J., 2021, Divergence in salinity tolerance of northern Gulf of Mexico eastern oysters under field and laboratory exposure: Conservation Physiology, v. 9, no. 1, coab065, 20 p., https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coab065.","productDescription":"coab065, 20 p.","ipdsId":"IP-124006","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451100,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/conphys/coab065","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":396698,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Louisiana, Texas","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.998046875,\n              24.746831298412058\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.5283203125,\n              30.278044377800153\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.69287109375,\n              30.80791068136646\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.62646484375,\n              30.278044377800153\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.41650390625,\n              30.107117887092357\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.58056640625,\n              28.420391085674304\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.998046875,\n              24.746831298412058\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"9","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marshall, D.A.","contributorId":287622,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Marshall","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Casas, S.M.","contributorId":274910,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Casas","given":"S.M.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Walton, W.C.","contributorId":287624,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Walton","given":"W.C.","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rikard, F.S.","contributorId":287626,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rikard","given":"F.S.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13360,"text":"Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Palmer, T.A.","contributorId":287629,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmer","given":"T.A.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Breaux, N.","contributorId":287631,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Breaux","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"La Peyre, Megan K. 0000-0001-9936-2252","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-2252","contributorId":264343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"La Peyre","given":"Megan K.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":836961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Pollack, J.B.","contributorId":287633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollack","given":"J.B.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6747,"text":"Texas A&M University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kelly, M.A.","contributorId":221161,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":836963,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"LaPeyre, J.F.","contributorId":272909,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"LaPeyre","given":"J.F.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":836964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70223713,"text":"70223713 - 2021 - Disruption of the Francisella noatunensis orientalis pdpA gene results in virulence attenuation and protection in zebrafish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-18T14:27:55.063182","indexId":"70223713","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-23T07:32:55","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1987,"text":"Infection and Immunity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Disruption of the Francisella noatunensis orientalis pdpA gene results in virulence attenuation and protection in zebrafish","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\"><div class=\"core-container\"><div>Several<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Francisella</i><span>&nbsp;</span>spp. including<span>&nbsp;</span><i>F. noatunensis</i><span>&nbsp;</span>are regarded as important emerging pathogens of wild and farmed fish. However, very few studies have investigated the virulence factors that allow these bacterial species to be pathogenic in fish. The Francisella Pathogenicity Island (FPI) is a well-described, gene-dense region encoding major virulence factors for the genus<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Francisella.</i><span>&nbsp;</span>PdpA is a member of the pathogenicity determining protein genes encoded by the FPI that are implicated in the ability of the mammalian pathogen,<span>&nbsp;</span><i>F. tularensis</i>, to escape and replicate in infected host cells. Using a<span>&nbsp;</span><i>sacB</i><span>&nbsp;</span>suicide approach, we generated<span>&nbsp;</span><i>pdpA</i><span>&nbsp;</span>knockouts to address the role of PdpA as a virulence factor for<span>&nbsp;</span><i>F. noatunensis</i>. Because polarity can be an issue in gene-dense regions, we generated two different marker-based mutants in opposing polarity (<i>Fno</i>Δ<i>pdpA1</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and Δ<i>pdpA2</i>). Both mutants were attenuated (p&lt;0.0001) in zebrafish challenges and displayed impaired intracellular replication (p&lt;0.05) and cytotoxicity (p&lt;0.05), all of which could be restored to wild-type (WT) levels by complementation for<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Fno</i>Δ<i>pdpA</i>1. Importantly, differences were found for bacterial burden and induction of acute phase and pro-inflammatory genes for<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Fno</i>Δ<i>pdpA</i>1 and Δ<i>pdpA</i>2 compared to WT during acute infection. In addition, neither mutant resulted in significant histopathological changes. Finally, immunization with<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Fno</i>Δ<i>pdpA1</i><span>&nbsp;</span>led to protection (p&lt;0.012) against an acute lethal-dose 40 challenge with WT<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Fno</i><span>&nbsp;</span>in the zebrafish model of infection. Taken together, this study further demonstrates physiological similarities within the genus<span>&nbsp;</span><i>Francisella</i><span>&nbsp;</span>relative to their phylogenetic relationships and the utility of zebrafish for addressing virulence factors for the genus.</div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/IAI.00220-21","usgsCitation":"Hansen, J.D., Ray, K., Chen, P., Yun, S., Elliott, D.G., Conway, C.M., Culcutt, M., Purcell, M.K., Welch, T., Bellah, J.P., Dalsky, E.M., Greer, J.B., and Soto, E., 2021, Disruption of the Francisella noatunensis orientalis pdpA gene results in virulence attenuation and protection in zebrafish: Infection and Immunity, v. 89, no. 11, e00220-21, https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00220-21.","productDescription":"e00220-21","ipdsId":"IP-113988","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451102,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8519269","text":"External Repository"},{"id":388797,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansen, John D. 0000-0002-3006-2734","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3006-2734","contributorId":220725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansen","given":"John","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ray, Karina","contributorId":265177,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ray","given":"Karina","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54626,"text":"See \"Notes\" affiliation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chen, Po-Jui","contributorId":265178,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chen","given":"Po-Jui","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54626,"text":"See \"Notes\" affiliation","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Yun, Susan","contributorId":198062,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Yun","given":"Susan","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":822426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Elliott, Diane G. 0000-0002-4809-6692 dgelliott@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4809-6692","contributorId":2947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Elliott","given":"Diane","email":"dgelliott@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Conway, Carla M. 0000-0002-3851-3616 cmconway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3851-3616","contributorId":2946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conway","given":"Carla","email":"cmconway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Culcutt, Michael","contributorId":265179,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Culcutt","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54628,"text":"Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Purcell, Maureen K. 0000-0003-0154-8433 mpurcell@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0154-8433","contributorId":168475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Purcell","given":"Maureen","email":"mpurcell@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Welch, Timothy J","contributorId":265180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Welch","given":"Timothy J","affiliations":[{"id":54629,"text":"National Center for Cool and Cold Water Aquaculture, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Kearneysville, West Virginia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bellah, John Patrick 0000-0002-7002-0854","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7002-0854","contributorId":265181,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bellah","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Patrick","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Dalsky, Ellie Maureen 0000-0001-8299-7198","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8299-7198","contributorId":265182,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dalsky","given":"Ellie","email":"","middleInitial":"Maureen","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Greer, Justin Blaine 0000-0001-6660-9976","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6660-9976","contributorId":265183,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Greer","given":"Justin","email":"","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822434,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Soto, Esteban","contributorId":265184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Soto","given":"Esteban","affiliations":[{"id":54631,"text":"Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of California-Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822435,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13}]}}
,{"id":70224316,"text":"70224316 - 2021 - Amphibian population responses to mitigation: Relative importance of wetland age and design","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-21T12:09:01.99763","indexId":"70224316","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-23T07:05:25","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Amphibian population responses to mitigation: Relative importance of wetland age and design","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"ab010\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"as010\"><p id=\"sp0010\">Wetland creation is a common practice to mitigate for the loss of natural wetlands. However, there is still uncertainty about how effectively created wetlands replace habitat provided by natural wetlands. This uncertainty is due in part because post-construction monitoring of biological communities, and vertebrates especially, is rare and typically short-term (&lt;5 years). We estimated occupancy of 4 amphibian species in 8 created mitigation wetlands, 7 impacted wetlands, and 7 reference wetlands in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem in Wyoming, USA. Mitigation wetlands were created to replace wetland habitat that was lost during road construction and ranged in age from 1 to 10&nbsp;years when sampled. Impacted wetlands were natural wetlands partially filled by road construction and were adjacent to a highway. We sampled for amphibian larvae during 6 summers from 2013 to 2020 and used multi-species occupancy models that estimated detection and occupancy of each of 4 amphibian species to determine how amphibian responses changed over time, especially in mitigation wetlands. Occupancy did not differ between impacted and reference wetlands for any of the 4 amphibian species. Western Toads (<i>Anaxyrus boreas</i>) were most common (although briefly) in created wetlands, and occupancy of Columbia Spotted Frogs (<i>Rana luteiventris</i>), Western Tiger Salamanders (<i>Ambystoma mavortium</i>), and Boreal Chorus Frogs (<i>Pseudacris maculata</i>) was lower in created wetlands than in impacted or reference wetlands. Individual wetland area was positively associated with occupancy for all 4 species and wetland vegetation cover was positively associated with Boreal Chorus Frog and Columbia Spotted Frog occupancy; these results emphasize the importance of design characteristics when planning mitigation wetlands. The link between wetland age and occupancy was complex and included threshold and quadratic relationships for three of the four species, but only Boreal Chorus Frog occupancy was still increasing slowly at the end of our study. Our results indicate created wetlands did not attain the suitability of impacted and natural wetlands for local amphibians, even several years after construction. The complex relationships between wetland age and species-specific occupancy illustrate the importance of long-term monitoring in describing population responses to the construction of wetlands as mitigation for wetland loss.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108123","usgsCitation":"Oja, E.B., Swartz, L., Muths, E., and Hossack, B., 2021, Amphibian population responses to mitigation: Relative importance of wetland age and design: Ecological Indicators, v. 131, 108123, 9 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108123.","productDescription":"108123, 9 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127940","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451103,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108123","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":389530,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Wyoming","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -110.489501953125,\n              42.342305278572816\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.302978515625,\n              42.342305278572816\n            ],\n            [\n              -109.302978515625,\n              43.14909399920127\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.489501953125,\n              43.14909399920127\n            ],\n            [\n              -110.489501953125,\n              42.342305278572816\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"131","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oja, Emily Bea 0000-0002-8621-9665","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8621-9665","contributorId":261164,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oja","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"Bea","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swartz, Leah S","contributorId":265917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swartz","given":"Leah S","affiliations":[{"id":54823,"text":"Montana Freshwater Partners","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Muths, Erin L. 0000-0002-5498-3132","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5498-3132","contributorId":243368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Muths","given":"Erin L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hossack, Blake R. 0000-0001-7456-9564","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-9564","contributorId":229347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hossack","given":"Blake R.","affiliations":[{"id":481,"text":"Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70247905,"text":"70247905 - 2021 - Physics-guided recurrent graph model for predicting flow and temperature in river networks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-23T11:51:11.142054","indexId":"70247905","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-23T06:48:52","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Physics-guided recurrent graph model for predicting flow and temperature in river networks","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" data-extent=\"frontmatter\"><div class=\"core-container\"><div>This paper proposes a physics-guided machine learning approach that combines machine learning models and physics-based models to improve the prediction of water flow and temperature in river networks. We first build a recurrent graph network model to capture the interactions among multiple segments in the river network. Then we transfer knowledge from physics-based models to guide the learning of the machine learning model. We also propose a new loss function that balances the performance over different river segments. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in predicting temperature and streamflow in a subset of the Delaware River Basin. In particular, the proposed method has brought a 33%/14% accuracy improvement over the state-of-the-art physics-based model and 24%/14% over traditional machine learning models (e.g., LSTM) in temperature/streamflow prediction using very sparse (0.1%) training data. The proposed method has also been shown to produce better performance when generalized to different seasons or river segments with different streamflow ranges.</div></div></div>","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the 2021 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining (SDM)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"language":"English","publisher":"Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics","doi":"10.1137/1.9781611976700.69","usgsCitation":"Jia, X., Zwart, J.A., Sadler, J.M., Appling, A.P., Oliver, S.K., Markstrom, S.L., Willard, J., Xu, S., Steinbach, M., Read, J., and Kumar, V., 2021, Physics-guided recurrent graph model for predicting flow and temperature in river networks, <i>in</i> Proceedings of the 2021 SIAM International Conference on Data Mining (SDM), p. 612-620, https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611976700.69.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"612","endPage":"620","ipdsId":"IP-119777","costCenters":[{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451105,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611976700.69","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":420064,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jia, Xiaowei 0000-0001-8544-5233","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8544-5233","contributorId":237807,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jia","given":"Xiaowei","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880945,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Zwart, Jacob Aaron 0000-0002-3870-405X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3870-405X","contributorId":237809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zwart","given":"Jacob","email":"","middleInitial":"Aaron","affiliations":[{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sadler, Jeffrey Michael 0000-0001-8776-4844","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8776-4844","contributorId":260092,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sadler","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Appling, Alison P. 0000-0003-3638-8572 aappling@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3638-8572","contributorId":150595,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Appling","given":"Alison","email":"aappling@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":5054,"text":"Office of Water Information","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oliver, Samantha K. 0000-0001-5668-1165","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5668-1165","contributorId":211886,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oliver","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880949,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Markstrom, Steven L. 0000-0001-7630-9547 markstro@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7630-9547","contributorId":146553,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Markstrom","given":"Steven","email":"markstro@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":37778,"text":"WMA - Integrated Modeling and Prediction Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880950,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Willard, Jared","contributorId":237808,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Willard","given":"Jared","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880951,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Xu, Shaoming","contributorId":328661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Xu","given":"Shaoming","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":880955,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Steinbach, Michael","contributorId":237811,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Steinbach","given":"Michael","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880952,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Read, Jordan 0000-0002-3888-6631","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3888-6631","contributorId":221385,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Read","given":"Jordan","affiliations":[{"id":37316,"text":"WMA - Integrated Information Dissemination Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":880953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Kumar, Vipin","contributorId":237812,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kumar","given":"Vipin","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6626,"text":"University of Minnesota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":880954,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}}
,{"id":70223417,"text":"70223417 - 2021 - Wetland selection by female Ring-Necked Ducks (Aythya collaris) in the Southern Atlantic Flyway","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-26T16:52:23.862348","indexId":"70223417","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-21T11:48:35","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3750,"text":"Wetlands","onlineIssn":"1943-6246","printIssn":"0277-5212","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Wetland selection by female Ring-Necked Ducks (<i>Aythya collaris</i>) in the Southern Atlantic Flyway","title":"Wetland selection by female Ring-Necked Ducks (Aythya collaris) in the Southern Atlantic Flyway","docAbstract":"On the wintering grounds, wetland selection by waterfowl is influenced by spatiotemporal resource distribution. The ring-necked duck (Aythya collaris) winters in the southeastern United States where a disproportionate amount of Atlantic Flyway ring-necked duck harvest occurs. We quantified female ring-necked duck selection for wetland characteristics during and after the 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 waterfowl hunting seasons using discrete choice modeling under a Bayesian framework. Relative probability of selection was primarily influenced by characteristics at the local wetland scale. Relative probability of selection was higher for flooded agriculture and vegetated wetlands than open water and was positively influenced by wetland area during the winter. After the hunting season, the relative probability of selection decreased for flooded agriculture but increased for vegetated wetlands, and the effect of wetland area decreased in magnitude. We attribute changes in selection during and after the hunting season to dietary shifts related to migratory preparation, resource depletion, and reproductive pairing. Understanding the wetland characteristics that wintering waterfowl select, and the spatial scale at which selection occurs, is important for informing effective wetland management and waterfowl harvest practices.","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s13157-021-01485-8","usgsCitation":"Mezebish, T.D., Chandler, R., Olsen, G.H., Goodman, M., Rohwer, F., and Meng, N.J., 2021, Wetland selection by female Ring-Necked Ducks (Aythya collaris) in the Southern Atlantic Flyway: Wetlands, v. 41, 84, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-021-01485-8.","productDescription":"84, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122109","costCenters":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388555,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida, Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Southern Atlantic Flyway","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -84.3695068359375,\n              29.578234494739206\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.001953125,\n              29.578234494739206\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.001953125,\n              31.956823015897207\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.3695068359375,\n              31.956823015897207\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.3695068359375,\n              29.578234494739206\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"41","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-13","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mezebish, Tori D.","contributorId":239496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mezebish","given":"Tori","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":27618,"text":"University of Georgia, Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822001,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chandler, Richard B.","contributorId":251714,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chandler","given":"Richard B.","affiliations":[{"id":12697,"text":"University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822002,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Olsen, Glenn H. 0000-0002-7188-6203","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-6203","contributorId":238130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olsen","given":"Glenn","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822003,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Goodman, Michele","contributorId":239497,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Goodman","given":"Michele","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":47893,"text":"Elmwood Park Zoo, Norristown, Pennyslvania","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rohwer, Frank C.","contributorId":239498,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rohwer","given":"Frank C.","affiliations":[{"id":47894,"text":"Delta Waterfowl, Bismark North Dakota","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Meng, Nicholas J.","contributorId":264806,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Meng","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":54559,"text":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70224577,"text":"70224577 - 2021 - Large California wildfires: 2020 fires in historical context","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-29T13:58:17.893271","indexId":"70224577","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-21T08:55:06","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1636,"text":"Fire Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large California wildfires: 2020 fires in historical context","docAbstract":"<h3 class=\"c-article__sub-heading\" data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>California in the year 2020 experienced a record breaking number of large fires. Here, we place this and other recent years in a historical context by examining records of large fire events in the state back to 1860. Since drought is commonly associated with large fire events, we investigated the relationship of large fire events to droughts over this 160 years period.</p><h3 class=\"c-article__sub-heading\" data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>This study shows that extreme fire events such as seen in 2020 are not unknown historically, and what stands out as distinctly new is the increased number of large fires (defined here as &gt; 10,000 ha) in the last couple years, most prominently in 2020. Nevertheless, there have been other periods with even greater numbers of large fires, e.g., 1929 had the second greatest number of large fires. In fact, the 1920’s decade stands out as one with many large fires.</p><h3 class=\"c-article__sub-heading\" data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>In the last decade, there have been several years with exceptionally large fires. Earlier records show fires of similar size in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. Lengthy droughts, as measured by the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), were associated with the peaks in large fires in both the 1920s and the early twenty-first century.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1186/s42408-021-00110-7","usgsCitation":"Keeley, J., and Syphard, A.D., 2021, Large California wildfires: 2020 fires in historical context: Fire Ecology, v. 17, 22, 11 p., https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-021-00110-7.","productDescription":"22, 11 p.","ipdsId":"IP-127023","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451109,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42408-021-00110-7","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":389953,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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,{"id":70223235,"text":"sir20215066 - 2021 - Assessment of diel cycling in nutrients and trace elements in the Eagle River Basin, 2017–18","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-23T13:33:24.30876","indexId":"sir20215066","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-20T14:10:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2021-5066","displayTitle":"Assessment of Diel Cycling in Nutrients and Trace Elements in the Eagle River Basin, 2017–18","title":"Assessment of diel cycling in nutrients and trace elements in the Eagle River Basin, 2017–18","docAbstract":"<p>Diel cycles are known to occur in all types of waters, and increasing studies indicate routine water samples may not provide an accurate snapshot in concentrations of trace elements and nutrients. Diel behavior in neutral to alkaline pH ranges is independent of streamflow variability and concentration. Extensive historical U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) water-quality data have been collected in the Eagle River Basin during daylight hours, which is defined as the period of time between one-half hour prior to sunrise and one-half hour after sunset. However, no USGS data have been collected throughout the nighttime, defined as the time between one-half hour after sunset and one-half hour prior to sunrise, making the evaluation of diel cycles impossible. To assess the importance of diel cycling within the Eagle River Basin, the USGS, in cooperation with Eagle River Watershed Council, developed a study to assess the mechanisms, patterns, and magnitude of change during the diel cycle for selected constituents. Water-quality monitors at five USGS streamgage sites (09065500, Gore Creek at Upper Station, near Minturn, Colorado, 09063000, Eagle River at Red Cliff, Colorado, 09064600, Eagle River near Minturn, Colorado, 09066325, Gore Creek above Red Sandstone Creek at Vail, Colorado, and 394220106431500, Eagle River below Milk Creek near Wolcott, Colorado) were deployed in 2017 to evaluate the water-quality field parameters and to determine if water conditions were favorable for the diel cycling of nutrients and trace elements. Based on the evaluation of water-quality parameters, three of the five sites were sampled for nutrient and trace-element concentrations in 2018 to confirm the presence and magnitude of diel cycling. Historical data were also analyzed to assess the effect of time of day on measured nutrient and trace-element concentrations. An assessment of the effect of land use on diel cycling was also investigated.</p><p>Measurable nutrients displayed a diel cycle at all three sites with the largest percentage change at the most downstream site (394220106431500), located on the Eagle River. More notable diel cycles at this site include filtered nitrate plus nitrite, which varied 179 percent, with concentrations from 0.24 to 0.67 milligrams per liter (mg/L) and filtered orthophosphate, which varied 71 percent, with concentrations from 0.07 to 0.12 mg/L. Filtered nitrate plus nitrite at site 09066325 varied 57 percent, ranging from 0.14 to 0.22 mg/L. Maximum concentrations occurred prior to noon, decreased through the afternoon (between noon and sunset), and increased during the night (between sunset and sunrise). That pattern is consistent with nutrient uptake in response to daytime (between sunrise and sunset) photosynthesis along with biologically driven denitrification and nitrification cycles. Nutrient concentrations at sites 09064600 and 09066325 were generally low and below laboratory reporting limits, which is the smallest measured concentration that nutrients could be measured by a given analytical method.</p><p>Trace-element concentrations were detectable at all sites with the largest percentage change at the most downstream site (394220106431500) and exhibited diel concentration variation from 11.6 to 284 percent. Appreciable diel cycles included filtered copper (0.98–1.40 micrograms per liter [µg/L], 42.9 percent), filtered zinc (less than [&lt;] 4.00–5.50 µg/L, greater than [&gt;] 37.5 percent), total manganese (9.70–19.5 µg/L, 101 percent), and total arsenic (0.30–0.40 µg/L, 33.3 percent). The largest percentage change in concentration was filtered manganese (2.84–10.9 µg/L, 284 percent). Diel cycles at site 09064600 ranged from 9.1 to 64.5 percent across the trace elements measured. Dissolved trace elements with appreciable diel cycles during the sampling period include filtered cadmium (0.09–0.12 µg/L, 33.3 percent), filtered copper (0.99–1.40 µg/L, 41.4 percent), and total arsenic (0.20–0.30 µg/L, 50 percent). The largest percentage change was filtered zinc (38.3–63.0 µg/L, 65 percent). Trace-element concentrations at site 09066325 were below laboratory reporting limits for many parameters, and no diel cycle could be assessed for these parameters. However, total recoverable iron, filtered barium, filtered manganese, and filtered selenium exhibited changes in concentrations of &lt;10.0–19.4 µg/L (&gt;94 percent), 115–121 µg/L (5 percent), 1.44–1.72 µg/L (19.4 percent), and 0.25–0.28 µg/L (12 percent), respectively. At sites 09064600 and 394220106431500, maximum trace-element concentrations occurred during nighttime with some variation regarding the timing of the peak. The exceptions to this were filtered copper, total arsenic, and filtered selenium, which had maximum concentrations around noon or as the sun disappeared below the horizon. The timing of minimum concentrations occurred in the afternoon for many trace elements, with filtered copper, total arsenic, and filtered selenium having minimum concentrations in the morning or just prior to the appearance of the sun.</p><p>Analysis of historical data also showed evidence of diel cycling. Historical samples collected from July through October were used to identify diel cycling in base-flow conditions. The resulting diel pattern in the median concentration for filtered manganese, filtered zinc at water-quality site 09064600, and filtered manganese and filtered nitrate plus nitrite at water-quality site 39422016431500 were consistent with the diel pattern in the September 2018 samples, and indicate time of day can bias sampling results even during daylight hours.</p><p>Diel cycling in the Eagle River Basin appears to be driven primarily by instream, biological processes. However, land use, particularly human effects downstream from urban areas, mining, and agriculture, may affect these processes. At some locations, diel variations in nutrient and trace-element concentrations are small enough to be of low concern. At other locations, however, variations in concentrations up to 284 percent in the data collected for this study and 214 percent in base-flow historical data, indicate daytime-only sampling, particularly in late afternoon, can underestimate daily average nutrient and trace-element concentrations. When feasible, the potential of diel cycling warrants consideration in sample design to account for the potential of diel cycles, or at a minimum, be recognized as a component of the river dynamic and the potential consequences that diel cycles may have in data interpretation and river management decisions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20215066","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Eagle River Watershed Council","usgsCitation":"Richards, R.J., and Henneberg, M.F., 2021, Assessment of diel cycling in nutrients and trace elements in the Eagle River Basin, 2017–18: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2021–5066, 36 p.,  \nhttps://doi.org/ 10.3133/ sir20215066.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 36 p.; 3 Databases","onlineOnly":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-116765","costCenters":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388128,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5066/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":388129,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2021/5066/sir20215066.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.79 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2021-5066"},{"id":388130,"rank":3,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System—","linkHelpText":"U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database"},{"id":388131,"rank":4,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System—","linkHelpText":"USGS 09065500 Gore Creek at upper Station, near Minturn, CO, in USGS water data for the Nation: U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database"},{"id":388132,"rank":5,"type":{"id":9,"text":"Database"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN","text":"USGS National Water Information System—","linkHelpText":"USGS 09063000 Eagle River at Redcliff, CO, in USGS water data for the Nation:   U.S. Geological Survey National Water Information System database"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","county":"Eagle County","otherGeospatial":"Eagle River 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<a href=\"http://www.usgs.gov/centers/co-water/\" data-mce-href=\"http://www.usgs.gov/centers/co-water/\">Colorado Water Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>Box 25046, MS-415<br>Denver, CO 80225</p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgments</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Methods</li><li>Evaluation of 2017 Water-Quality Monitor Data</li><li>Assessment of Diel Cycling in Nutrient and Trace-Element Concentrations</li><li>Effects of Diel Cycling on Water-Quality Monitoring</li><li>Relation Between Diel Cycling and Land Use</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li></ul>","publishedDate":"2021-08-20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Richards, Rodney J. 0000-0003-3953-984X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3953-984X","contributorId":202708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Richards","given":"Rodney J.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821486,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Henneberg, Mark F. 0000-0002-6991-1211 mfhenneb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6991-1211","contributorId":187481,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henneberg","given":"Mark","email":"mfhenneb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821487,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70223129,"text":"ofr20201122 - 2021 - Structured decision making and optimal bird monitoring in the northern Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-08-23T13:45:32.769864","indexId":"ofr20201122","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-20T14:10:00","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2020-1122","displayTitle":"Structured Decision Making and Optimal Bird Monitoring in the Northern Gulf of Mexico","title":"Structured decision making and optimal bird monitoring in the northern Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"<p>The avian conservation community struggles to design and implement large scale, long-term coordinated bird monitoring programs within the northern Gulf of Mexico due to the complexity of the conservation enterprise in the region; this complexity arises from the diverse stakeholders, multiple jurisdictions, complex ecological processes, myriad habitats, and over 500 species of birds using the region for at least some part of their annual cycle. In addition, long-term monitoring over large spatial scales is difficult because of the need for monitoring data to both (1) evaluate management and restoration outcomes, and (2) provide reliable information about the status and trends of bird populations over time.</p><p>To address these challenges, the Gulf of Mexico Avian Monitoring Network developed a problem statement:</p><blockquote><i>“How can a cost-effective monitoring strategy for the Gulf Coast bird community and ecosystem be developed that evaluates ongoing conservation activities and chronic and acute threats; maximizes learning; and is flexible and holistic enough to detect novel ecological threats and evaluate new and emerging conservation activities?”</i></blockquote><p>A structured decision-making framework was then used to articulate and quantify stakeholder values related to the problem statement. One use of the stakeholder values was to develop a regional, strategic plan for bird monitoring, which is presented elsewhere. A formal and complete decision support tool for conservation investments in monitoring and research guided by the stakeholder values is presented in this report. The technical aspects of the stakeholder value model and a portfolio analysis that could be used to guide decision making when allocating resources for monitoring activities is described. Whereas the decision analysis presented here could be useful to any decision maker faced with difficult choices about resource allocation, it is designed for decision makers who request monitoring study proposals and then determine which combination of proposals to fund. The portfolio decision support tool is designed to help funding agencies and organizations identify resource allocation strategies to maximize stated objectives.</p><p>To begin the decision analysis, an objectives hierarchy and quantitative performance metrics from the values of the Gulf of Mexico bird conservation community were created by a panel of regional stakeholders. Each fundamental objective and sub-objective in the hierarchy is composed of several performance metrics. To test the decision support tool, the authors evaluated a combination of monitoring study proposals written for the region and simulated proposals. Each proposal was scored against the performance metrics and used multi-attribute utility theory to combine the multiple objectives into a measure of total monitoring benefit. The total monitoring benefit and costs of each proposal were then used in a constrained optimization routine to identify optimal monitoring portfolios, that is, a combination of activities that maximizes monitoring benefits while meeting cost and other constraints of interest to stakeholders. A graphical solution based on the concept of Pareto efficiency, which is useful in situations when cost constraints and exact budgets are not known, is also provided. Finally, an evaluation of the sensitivity of the decision-making framework to the weights assigned to objectives by stakeholders is included. This decision support tool allows decision makers to identify an optimal suite of monitoring proposals with a transparent portfolio analysis that includes user-defined constraints (such as costs).</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20201122","collaboration":"Prepared in Cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Fournier, A.M.V., Wilson, R.R., Lyons, J.E., Gleason, J.S., Adams, E.M., Barnhill, L.M., Brush, J.M., Cooper, R.J., DeMaso, S.J., Driscoll, M.J.L., Eaton, M.J., Frederick, P.C., Just, M.G., Seymour, M.A., Tirpak, J.M, and Woodrey, M.S., 2021, Structured decision making and optimal bird monitoring in the northern Gulf of Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2020–1122, 62 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201122.","productDescription":"Report: ix, 62 p.; 6 Companion Files","numberOfPages":"62","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-100582","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":387878,"rank":5,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1122/sdm_tool_excel_version_2019_12_22.xlsm","text":"2. Portfolio Analysis Spreadsheet","size":"139 KB"},{"id":387871,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1122/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":387876,"rank":10,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1122/ofr20201122_matrix.xlsx","text":"5. Matrix of Management Actions and Bird Species","size":"45.5 KB"},{"id":387874,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1122/ofr20201122_birds.xlsx","text":"1. Gulf of Mexico Avian Monitoring Network Birds of Conservation Concern","size":"727 KB"},{"id":387872,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1122/ofr20201122.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.62 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2020-1122"},{"id":387875,"rank":4,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1122/ofr20201122_birds_csv.zip","text":"1. 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Matrix of Management Actions and Bird Species","size":"2.83 KB","linkHelpText":"- Zip file of tables in CSV format"},{"id":387880,"rank":8,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1122/ofr20201122_projects-portfolios.xlsm","text":"4. All Test Projects and Portfolios","size":"1.28 MB"},{"id":387879,"rank":6,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2020/1122/sdm_tool_excel_version_2019_12_22.zip","text":"2. Portfolio Analysis Spreadsheet","size":"5.35 KB","linkHelpText":"- Zip file of tables in CSV format"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","otherGeospatial":"northern Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -97.2509765625,\n              25.997549919572112\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.43920898437499,\n              26.194876675795218\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.703857421875,\n              26.175158990178133\n            ],\n            [\n              -86.37451171875,\n              27.205785724383325\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.4736328125,\n              26.204734267107604\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.155517578125,\n              24.647017162630366\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.71630859375,\n              24.347096633808512\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.22216796875,\n              24.926294766395593\n            ],\n            [\n              -79.881591796875,\n              26.115985925333536\n            ],\n            [\n              -80.584716796875,\n              27.926474039865017\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.221923828125,\n              27.858503954841247\n            ],\n            [\n              -81.793212890625,\n              28.806173508854776\n            ],\n            [\n              -82.957763671875,\n              30.344435586368462\n            ],\n            [\n              -83.265380859375,\n              30.65681556429287\n            ],\n            [\n              -84.957275390625,\n              30.751277776257812\n            ],\n            [\n              -85.0341796875,\n              31.015278981711266\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.51708984375,\n              30.987027960280326\n            ],\n            [\n              -87.7587890625,\n              31.512995857454676\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.29711914062499,\n              31.55981453201843\n            ],\n            [\n              -88.450927734375,\n              30.996445897426373\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.395751953125,\n              30.949346915468563\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.97802734375,\n              30.826780904779774\n            ],\n            [\n              -90.758056640625,\n              30.477082932837682\n            ],\n            [\n              -91.92260742187499,\n              30.543338954230222\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.10888671875,\n              30.344435586368462\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.7900390625,\n              30.230594564932193\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.69091796875,\n              29.735762444449076\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.51513671875,\n              29.372601506681402\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.9326171875,\n              29.19053283229458\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.5478515625,\n              29.094577077511826\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.6025390625,\n              28.488005204159457\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.987060546875,\n              27.819644755099446\n            ],\n            [\n              -98.009033203125,\n              27.176469131898898\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.767333984375,\n              26.352497858154024\n            ],\n            [\n              -97.2509765625,\n              25.997549919572112\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","contact":"<p>Director, <a href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/eesc\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/eesc\">Eastern Ecological Science Center</a><br>U.S. Geological Survey<br>12100 Beech Forest Road<br>Laurel, MD 20708</p><p><a href=\"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/contact\" data-mce-href=\"../contact\">Contact Pubs Warehouse</a></p>","tableOfContents":"<ul><li>Acknowledgements</li><li>Abstract</li><li>Introduction</li><li>Fundamental Objectives and Sub-Objectives</li><li>Relative Weights for Monitoring Objectives</li><li>Performance Metrics to Evaluate Monitoring Benefits</li><li>Alternatives and Consequences</li><li>Optimal Monitoring Portfolios and Trade-Offs Among Objectives</li><li>Sensitivity to Objective Weights</li><li>Discussion</li><li>Summary</li><li>References Cited</li><li>Appendix 1. Elicitation of Objective Weights</li><li>Appendix 2. Performance Metrics and Utility Functions</li><li>Appendix 3. Management Actions</li><li>Appendix 4. Costs and Benefits of Monitoring Proposals</li><li>Appendix 5. Monitoring Portfolios for Sensitivity Analysis</li><li>Appendix 6. Assessing Uncertainty About Management Actions</li><li>Supplemental Material (available at https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20201122)</li></ul>","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2021-08-20","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fournier, Auriel 0000-0002-8530-9968","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8530-9968","contributorId":261669,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fournier","given":"Auriel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":36403,"text":"University of Illinois","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilson, R. Randy","contributorId":100287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilson","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"Randy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lyons, James E. 0000-0002-9810-8751","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9810-8751","contributorId":228916,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lyons","given":"James E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gleason, Jeffrey S.","contributorId":264218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gleason","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Adams, Evan M.","contributorId":139994,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Evan","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6928,"text":"BioDiversity Research Institute, Gorham, ME 04038","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821139,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Barnhill, Laurel M.","contributorId":171944,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barnhill","given":"Laurel","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821140,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brush, Janell M.","contributorId":264219,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brush","given":"Janell","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821141,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Cooper, Robert J.","contributorId":99245,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cooper","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"DeMaso, Stephen J.","contributorId":86938,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeMaso","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Driscoll, Melanie J.L.","contributorId":105492,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Melanie","email":"","middleInitial":"J.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Eaton, Mitchell J. 0000-0001-7324-6333 meaton@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7324-6333","contributorId":169429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eaton","given":"Mitchell","email":"meaton@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":565,"text":"Southeast Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":821145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Frederick, Peter C.","contributorId":215042,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Frederick","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":39161,"text":"Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Just, Michael G.","contributorId":264221,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Just","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":821147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Seymour, Michael A.","contributorId":38886,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Seymour","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Tirpak, John M.","contributorId":197496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tirpak","given":"John M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":821149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Woodrey, Mark S.","contributorId":195564,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Woodrey","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":34308,"text":"Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, Moss Point, MS USA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":821150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16}]}}
,{"id":70224532,"text":"70224532 - 2021 - Evaluating the state-of-the-art in remote volcanic eruption characterization Part II: Ulawun volcano, Papua New Guinea","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-27T11:20:33.835933","indexId":"70224532","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-20T10:16:39","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2312,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating the state-of-the-art in remote volcanic eruption characterization Part II: Ulawun volcano, Papua New Guinea","docAbstract":"<p><span>Retrospective eruption characterization is valuable for advancing our understanding of volcanic systems and evaluating our observational capabilities, especially with remote technologies (defined here as a space-borne system or non-local, ground-based instrumentation which include regional and remote&nbsp;infrasound&nbsp;sensors). In June 2019, the open-system Ulawun volcano, Papua New Guinea, produced a VEI 4 eruption. We combined data from satellites (including Sentinel-2, TROPOMI,&nbsp;MODIS, Himawari-8), the International Monitoring System infrasound network, and GLD360 globally detected lightning with information from the local authorities and social media to characterize the pre-,&nbsp;</span><i>syn</i><span>- and post-eruptive behaviour. The Rabaul Volcano&nbsp;Observatory&nbsp;recorded ~24&nbsp;h of&nbsp;seismicity&nbsp;and detected SO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;emissions ~16&nbsp;h before the visually-documented start of the Plinian phase on 26 June at 04:20 UTC. Infrasound and SO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;detections suggest the eruption started during the night on 24 June 2019 at 10:39 UTC ~38&nbsp;h before ash detections with a gas-dominated jetting phase. Local reports and infrasound detections show that the second phase of the eruption started on 25 June 19:28 UTC with ~6&nbsp;h of jetting. The first detected lightning occurred on 26 June 00:14 UTC, and ash emissions were first detected by Himawari-8 at 01:00 UTC. Post-eruptive satellite imagery indicates new flow deposits to the south and north of the edifice and ash fall to the west and southwest. In particular, regional infrasound data provided novel insight into eruption onset and&nbsp;</span><i>syn</i><span>-eruptive changes in intensity. We conclude that, while remote observations are sufficient for detection and tracking of syn-eruptive changes, key challenges in data latency, acquisition, and synthesis must be addressed to improve future near-real-time characterization of eruptions at minimally-monitored or unmonitored volcanoes.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107381","usgsCitation":"McKee, K., Smith, C.M., Reath, K., Snee, E., Maher, S., Matoza, R.S., Carn, S.A., Roman, D., Mastin, L.G., Anderson, K.R., Damby, D., Itikarai, I., Mulina, K., Saunders, S., Assink, J.D., de Negri Levia, R., and Perttu, A., 2021, Evaluating the state-of-the-art in remote volcanic eruption characterization Part II: Ulawun volcano, Papua New Guinea: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 420, 107381, 14 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107381.","productDescription":"107381, 14 p.","ipdsId":"IP-131054","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science 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0000-0002-3238-3961","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-3961","contributorId":206614,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Damby","given":"David","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":823940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Itikarai, Ima","contributorId":265986,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Itikarai","given":"Ima","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54853,"text":"Rabaul Volcano Observatory, Department of Mining and Petroleum, Geological Survey of Papua New Guinea, Rabaul, Papua New Guinea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Mulina, Kila","contributorId":265987,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mulina","given":"Kila","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54853,"text":"Rabaul Volcano Observatory, Department of Mining and Petroleum, Geological Survey of Papua New Guinea, Rabaul, Papua New Guinea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Saunders, Steve","contributorId":265988,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Saunders","given":"Steve","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54853,"text":"Rabaul Volcano Observatory, Department of Mining and Petroleum, Geological Survey of Papua New Guinea, Rabaul, Papua New Guinea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Assink, Jelle D.","contributorId":236650,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Assink","given":"Jelle","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":47493,"text":"R and D Seismology and Acoustics, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), Utrechtseweg 297, 3731 GA De Bilt, The Netherlands","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"de Negri Levia, Rodrigo 0000-0003-1283-2579","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1283-2579","contributorId":265983,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"de Negri Levia","given":"Rodrigo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54852,"text":"Department of Earth Science and Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA; NDC-CTBT of the Chilean Nuclear Energy Commission, Chile","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823953,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Perttu, Anna 0000-0003-3590-1549","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3590-1549","contributorId":265984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Perttu","given":"Anna","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48937,"text":"Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":823946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}}
,{"id":70223688,"text":"70223688 - 2021 - National seed strategy progress report, 2015-2020","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-02T11:30:49.37028","indexId":"70223688","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-20T08:36:09","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9317,"text":"Progress Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":9}},"title":"National seed strategy progress report, 2015-2020","docAbstract":"<p>Native plants are the true green infrastructure we rely on for healthy, resilient, and biodiverse ecosystems. They protect us against climate change and natural disasters; create habitat for wildlife, rare species, and pollinators; and are vital for carbon sequestration. Without native plants, especially their seeds, we do not have the ability to restore functional ecosystems after natural disasters and mitigate the effects of climate change. Investing now in coordinated, research-driven native seed production is an efficient and cost-effective nature-based solution for improving ecosystem resilience in the face of the climate and extinction crisis. Federal government agencies (see list on page 13 and their partners are collaborating to increase the supply of native seeds for restoration through the National Seed Strategy for Rehabilitation and Restoration (National Seed Strategy) to get the right seed in the right place at the right time. The National Seed Strategy is a public-private collaboration to increase the supply of native seeds for restoration projects to ensure ecosystem resilience and the health and prosperity of future generations. Developed by the Plant Conservation Alliance (PCA) in 2015, the National Seed Strategy harnesses cross sector botanical expertise, supports rural, agricultural, minority, and tribal livelihoods, and provides training opportunities to our next generation of natural resource professionals to maintain and preserve our iconic habitats. This science-driven national effort is integral to the Nation’s conservation priorities, including the commitment to conserve 30% of America’s lands and waters by 2030 as outlined in Executive Order 14008 on Tackling the Climate Crisis at Home and Abroad. Moreover, the National Seed Strategy is recognized in the objectives of the 2021 DOI Invasive Species Strategic Plan (DOI 2021) and addresses national priorities such as climate change, wildland fire, and tribal engagement. The National Seed Strategy charts a course for federal, tribal, state, local and private partners to increase private and public sector coordination on native seed development, thereby accelerating the pace and scale of restoration. Success is being achieved through the establishment of nationwide networks of seed collectors, researchers to develop seed, farmers to grow native seed, nurseries and seed storage facilities to supply adequate quantities of appropriate seed, and restoration ecologists.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Bureau of Land Management (National Operations Center)","usgsCitation":"Mccormick, M.L., Carr, A., DeAngelis, P., Olwell, M., Murray, R., and Park, M., 2021, National seed strategy progress report, 2015-2020: Progress Report, ii, 74 p.","productDescription":"ii, 74 p.","ipdsId":"IP-130943","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":388744,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":388718,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://www.blm.gov/sites/blm.gov/files/docs/2021-08/Progress%20Report%2026Jul21.pdf"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mccormick, Molly Lutisha 0000-0002-4361-7567","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4361-7567","contributorId":265148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mccormick","given":"Molly","email":"","middleInitial":"Lutisha","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":822325,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carr, Amanda N","contributorId":265150,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carr","given":"Amanda N","affiliations":[{"id":54608,"text":"Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, IL","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822326,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"DeAngelis, Patricia","contributorId":265151,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeAngelis","given":"Patricia","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54610,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Falls Church, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822327,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Olwell, Margaret","contributorId":265152,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Olwell","given":"Margaret","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54611,"text":"Bureau of Land Management, Boise, ID","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822328,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Murray, Regan","contributorId":265162,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Murray","given":"Regan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7217,"text":"Bureau of Land Management","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Park, Maggie","contributorId":265163,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Park","given":"Maggie","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":822360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}}
,{"id":70224747,"text":"70224747 - 2021 - Cohesive sediment modeling in a shallow estuary: Model and environmental implications of sediment parameter variation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-10-04T12:47:21.058229","indexId":"70224747","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-20T07:44:45","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9372,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research--Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cohesive sediment modeling in a shallow estuary: Model and environmental implications of sediment parameter variation","docAbstract":"<div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>Numerical models of sediment transport in estuarine systems rely on parameter values that are often poorly constrained and can vary on timescales relevant to model processes. The selection of parameter values can affect the accuracy of model predictions, while environmental variation of these parameters can impact the temporal and spatial ranges of sediment fluxes, erosion, and deposition in the real world. We implemented a numerical model of San Pablo Bay, an embayment within San Francisco Bay, California, for November–December 2014, and compared model outputs to observations of water level, velocity, wave parameters, salinity, and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) in the shallow regions. Idealized model runs show that wind timing relative to the phase of the tides is the strongest control on sediment fluxes and bed erosion. We varied sediment erodibility in the outflow of the Petaluma River; while this causes erosion and deposition to vary strongly through the shallows system, total export from the shallows does not change. Model runs with realistic winds show that wind likely resuspends faster settling particles or allows for more particle flocculation; particle settling velocity controls system-wide sediment accumulation. At the margins of the system, the magnitude of SSC is closely tied to wind direction when winds occur during flood tide, but sediment deposition is less connected: Both bed evolution and SSC need to be considered in the prediction of marsh fate. Spatial patterns of light attenuation due to SSC is strongly tied to assumed settling velocity.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2021JC017219","usgsCitation":"Allen, R., Lacy, J.R., and Stevens, A.W., 2021, Cohesive sediment modeling in a shallow estuary: Model and environmental implications of sediment parameter variation: Journal of Geophysical Research--Oceans, v. 126, no. 9, e2021JC017219, 25 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017219.","productDescription":"e2021JC017219, 25 p.","ipdsId":"IP-126285","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451113,"rank":1,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jc017219","text":"External Repository"},{"id":436234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9GLTWS0","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Hydrodynamic and sediment transport model of San Pablo Bay, California, Nov-Dec 2014"},{"id":390175,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Pablo Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.58819580078125,\n              37.88786039168385\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.35223388671875,\n              37.88786039168385\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.35223388671875,\n              38.361041528596026\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.58819580078125,\n              38.361041528596026\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.58819580078125,\n              37.88786039168385\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"126","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Rachel 0000-0002-0287-6466","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0287-6466","contributorId":216002,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Rachel","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lacy, Jessica R. 0000-0002-2797-6172","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2797-6172","contributorId":201703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lacy","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Stevens, Andrew W. 0000-0003-2334-129X astevens@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2334-129X","contributorId":139313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stevens","given":"Andrew","email":"astevens@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70224564,"text":"70224564 - 2021 - Assessing the ecological functionality and integrity of natural ponds, excavated ponds and stormwater basins for conserving amphibian diversity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-09-28T12:39:50.555431","indexId":"70224564","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-20T07:34:48","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3871,"text":"Global Ecology and Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Assessing the ecological functionality and integrity of natural ponds, excavated ponds and stormwater basins for conserving amphibian diversity","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"ab0010\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"abs0010\"><p id=\"sp0040\">Wetlands<span>&nbsp;provide ecological functionality by maintaining and promoting regional biodiversity supporting quality habitat for aquatic organisms. Globally, habitat loss, fragmentation and degradation due to increases in agricultural activities and urban development have reduced or altered geographically isolated wetlands, thus reducing biodiversity. The objective of this study was to assess the relative ecological function and integrity of natural ponds, excavated ponds and&nbsp;stormwater&nbsp;basins in the New Jersey Pinelands, located in the northeastern United States by comparing hydrologic conditions, water quality, pesticide concentrations (water, sediment and tissue) and wetland assemblages including amphibians. Twenty-four wetlands were selected based on surrounding land-use and sampled for a variety of abiotic and biotic variables. Abiotic and biotic wetland variables were similar between natural and excavated ponds, with notable differences between the ponds and stormwater basins. Natural and excavated ponds displayed characteristic Pinelands water quality (low pH, high&nbsp;organic carbon, and low pesticide concentrations), exhibited high ecological integrity and supported native ampbibians. Stormwater basins and degraded ponds surrounded by altered land-use exhibited degraded water quality (high pH, high pesticide concentrations) and were dominated by non-native and&nbsp;introduced plants&nbsp;and amphibians. Results from this study can broadly inform resource conservation strategies for amphibians and other communities with a diverse range of habitat requirements, particularly in areas where conservation and development are competing priorities. To conserve biodiversity in changing landscapes, wetlands with similar functionality and land-use characteristics need to be identified and managed to preserve water quality for&nbsp;species of conservation&nbsp;concern.</span></p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01765","usgsCitation":"Smalling, K., Breitmeyer, S.E., Bunnell, J.F., Laidig, K.J., Burritt, P., Sobel, M., Cohl, J., Hladik, M.L., Romanok, K.M., and Bradley, P., 2021, Assessing the ecological functionality and integrity of natural ponds, excavated ponds and stormwater basins for conserving amphibian diversity: Global Ecology and Conservation, v. 30, e01765, 13 p., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01765.","productDescription":"e01765, 13 p.","ipdsId":"IP-122973","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451114,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01765","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":389866,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -75.2508544921875,\n              39.12579898118161\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.9544677734375,\n              39.12579898118161\n            ],\n            [\n              -73.9544677734375,\n              40.25856876391262\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2508544921875,\n              40.25856876391262\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.2508544921875,\n              39.12579898118161\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"30","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smalling, Kelly L. 0000-0002-1214-4920","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1214-4920","contributorId":214623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smalling","given":"Kelly L.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Breitmeyer, Sara E. 0000-0003-0609-1559 sbreitmeyer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0609-1559","contributorId":172622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breitmeyer","given":"Sara","email":"sbreitmeyer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bunnell, John F.","contributorId":204697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bunnell","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":36975,"text":"NJ Pinelands Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Laidig, Kim J","contributorId":266013,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Laidig","given":"Kim","email":"","middleInitial":"J","affiliations":[{"id":54857,"text":"New Jersey Pinelands Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824077,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Burritt, Patrick","contributorId":266012,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burritt","given":"Patrick","affiliations":[{"id":54857,"text":"New Jersey Pinelands Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Sobel, Marilyn","contributorId":266014,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sobel","given":"Marilyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":54857,"text":"New Jersey Pinelands Commission","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":824079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Cohl, Jonathan 0000-0001-8153-1046","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8153-1046","contributorId":204698,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cohl","given":"Jonathan","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hladik, Michelle L. 0000-0002-0891-2712","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-2712","contributorId":221087,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hladik","given":"Michelle","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Romanok, Kristin M. 0000-0002-8472-8765 kromanok@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8472-8765","contributorId":189680,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Romanok","given":"Kristin","email":"kromanok@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":470,"text":"New Jersey Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":221226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul M.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":824073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}}
,{"id":70226813,"text":"70226813 - 2021 - Ten years on from the quake that shook the nation’s capital","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-12-14T13:05:16.269849","indexId":"70226813","displayToPublicDate":"2021-08-20T07:03:23","publicationYear":"2021","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9950,"text":"EOS, Transactions AGU","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ten years on from the quake that shook the nation’s capital","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/2021EO162330","usgsCitation":"Pratt, T.L., Chapman, M.C., Shah, A.K., Horton,, J., and Boyd, O.S., 2021, Ten years on from the quake that shook the nation’s capital: EOS, Transactions AGU, HTML Document, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021EO162330.","productDescription":"HTML Document","ipdsId":"IP-131539","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":243,"text":"Eastern Geology and Paleoclimate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":451117,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2021eo162330","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":392849,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Washington, D.C.","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -78.519287109375,\n              37.94419750075404\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.421142578125,\n              37.94419750075404\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.421142578125,\n              39.62261494094297\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.519287109375,\n              39.62261494094297\n            ],\n            [\n              -78.519287109375,\n              37.94419750075404\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pratt, Thomas L. 0000-0003-3131-3141 tpratt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-3141","contributorId":3279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pratt","given":"Thomas","email":"tpratt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Chapman, Martin C.","contributorId":139348,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Chapman","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":828372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shah, Anjana K. 0000-0002-3198-081X ashah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-081X","contributorId":2297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Anjana","email":"ashah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Horton,, J. Wright Jr. 0000-0001-6756-6365","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6756-6365","contributorId":219824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horton,","given":"J. Wright","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Boyd, Oliver S. 0000-0001-9457-0407 olboyd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9457-0407","contributorId":140739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boyd","given":"Oliver","email":"olboyd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":828375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
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