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Reproductive biology and early life-history data are important for understanding the ecology of fishes. In 2008, we conducted captive propagation studies on 3 species of darters of the subgenus Nothonotus: Etheostoma wapiti (Boulder Darter), E. vulneratum (Wounded Darter), and E. maculatum (Spotted Darter). The length of spawning period and associated range of water temperatures for the Wounded Darter exceeded that of the Spotted Darter and Boulder Darter. The mean number of eggs produced per female was lowest for Boulder Darter and highest in the Wounded Darter. The Boulder Darter had the highest percent of eggs hatched, the lowest percent larval to juvenile stage survivorship, and the lowest mean number of juveniles produced per female. Egg diameters at deposition and prior to hatch were smallest for the Spotted Darter. If reproductive biology and early lifehistory information from captive fishes represent that of wild populations, then the data obtained during this study are relevant to development and implementation of conservation and management plans for these closely related darter species.

","language":"English","publisher":"Eagle Hill Institute","doi":"10.1656/058.015.0109","usgsCitation":"Ruble, C.L., Rakes, P.L., Shute, J.R., and Welsh, S., 2016, Captive propagation, reproductive biology, and early life history of Etheostoma wapiti (Boulder Darter), E. vulneratum (Wounded Darter), and E. maculatum (Spotted Darter): Southeastern Naturalist, v. 15, no. 1, p. 115-126, https://doi.org/10.1656/058.015.0109.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"126","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062205","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324053,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, Tennessee, West Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Elk River, Little Tennessee River, Richland Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -85.84716796875,\n 34.96699890670367\n ],\n [\n -85.84716796875,\n 36.60670888641815\n ],\n [\n -81.5185546875,\n 36.60670888641815\n ],\n [\n -81.5185546875,\n 34.96699890670367\n ],\n [\n -85.84716796875,\n 34.96699890670367\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913b3e4b07657d19fefb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ruble, Crystal L.","contributorId":172060,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ruble","given":"Crystal","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rakes, Patrick L.","contributorId":21279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rakes","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shute, John R.","contributorId":172061,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shute","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":639941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Welsh, Stuart A. 0000-0003-0362-054X swelsh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X","contributorId":152088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welsh","given":"Stuart A.","email":"swelsh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":637098,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70169060,"text":"70169060 - 2016 - Development and application of freshwater sediment-toxicity benchmarks for currently used pesticides","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-08T10:30:49","indexId":"70169060","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T17:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3352,"text":"Science of the Total Environment","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Development and application of freshwater sediment-toxicity benchmarks for currently used pesticides","docAbstract":"

Sediment-toxicity benchmarks are needed to interpret the biological significance of currently used pesticides detected in whole sediments. Two types of freshwater sediment benchmarks for pesticides were developed using spiked-sediment bioassay (SSB) data from the literature. These benchmarks can be used to interpret sediment-toxicity data or to assess the potential toxicity of pesticides in whole sediment. The Likely Effect Benchmark (LEB) defines a pesticide concentration in whole sediment above which there is a high probability of adverse effects on benthic invertebrates, and the Threshold Effect Benchmark (TEB) defines a concentration below which adverse effects are unlikely. For compounds without available SSBs, benchmarks were estimated using equilibrium partitioning (EqP). When a sediment sample contains a pesticide mixture, benchmark quotients can be summed for all detected pesticides to produce an indicator of potential toxicity for that mixture. Benchmarks were developed for 48 pesticide compounds using SSB data and 81 compounds using the EqP approach. In an example application, data for pesticides measured in sediment from 197 streams across the United States were evaluated using these benchmarks, and compared to measured toxicity from whole-sediment toxicity tests conducted with the amphipod Hyalella azteca (28-d exposures) and the midge Chironomus dilutus (10-d exposures). Amphipod survival, weight, and biomass were significantly and inversely related to summed benchmark quotients, whereas midge survival, weight, and biomass showed no relationship to benchmarks. Samples with LEB exceedances were rare (n = 3), but all were toxic to amphipods (i.e., significantly different from control). Significant toxicity to amphipods was observed for 72% of samples exceeding one or more TEBs, compared to 18% of samples below all TEBs. Factors affecting toxicity below TEBs may include the presence of contaminants other than pesticides, physical/chemical characteristics of sediment, and uncertainty in TEB values. Additional evaluations of benchmarks in relation to sediment chemistry and toxicity are ongoing.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.081","usgsCitation":"Nowell, L.H., Norman, J.E., Ingersoll, C.G., and Moran, P.W., 2016, Development and application of freshwater sediment-toxicity benchmarks for currently used pesticides: Science of the Total Environment, v. 550, p. 835-850, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.081.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"835","endPage":"850","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069668","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318863,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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In egg contaminant studies, it is necessary to calculate egg contaminant concentrations on a fresh wet weight basis and this requires accurate estimates of egg density and egg volume. We show that the inclusion or exclusion of the eggshell can influence egg contaminant concentrations, and we provide estimates of egg density (both with and without the eggshell) and egg-shape coefficients (used to estimate egg volume from egg morphometrics) for American avocet (Recurvirostra americana), black-necked stilt (Himantopus mexicanus), and Forster’s tern (Sterna forsteri). Egg densities (g/cm3) estimated for whole eggs (1.056 ± 0.003) were higher than egg densities estimated for egg contents (1.024 ± 0.001), and were 1.059 ± 0.001 and 1.025 ± 0.001 for avocets, 1.056 ± 0.001 and 1.023 ± 0.001 for stilts, and 1.053 ± 0.002 and 1.025 ± 0.002 for terns. The egg-shape coefficients for egg volume (K v ) and egg mass (K w ) also differed depending on whether the eggshell was included (K v = 0.491 ± 0.001; K w = 0.518 ± 0.001) or excluded (K v = 0.493 ± 0.001; K w = 0.505 ± 0.001), and varied among species. Although egg contaminant concentrations are rarely meant to include the eggshell, we show that the typical inclusion of the eggshell in egg density and egg volume estimates results in egg contaminant concentrations being underestimated by 6–13 %. Our results demonstrate that the inclusion of the eggshell significantly influences estimates of egg density, egg volume, and fresh egg mass, which leads to egg contaminant concentrations that are biased low. We suggest that egg contaminant concentrations be calculated on a fresh wet weight basis using only internal egg-content densities, volumes, and masses appropriate for the species. For the three waterbirds in our study, these corrected coefficients are 1.024 ± 0.001 for egg density, 0.493 ± 0.001 for K v , and 0.505 ± 0.001 for K w .

","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10646-016-1635-9","usgsCitation":"Herzog, M.P., Ackerman, J., Eagles-Smith, C.A., and Hartman, C.A., 2016, It’s what’s inside that counts: Egg contaminant concentrations are influenced by estimates of egg density, egg volume, and fresh egg mass: Ecotoxicology, v. 25, no. 4, p. 770-776, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1635-9.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"770","endPage":"776","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062580","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318649,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56deb45be4b015c306fb8a40","chorus":{"doi":"10.1007/s10646-016-1635-9","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1635-9","publisher":"Springer Nature","authors":"Herzog Mark P., Ackerman Joshua T., Eagles-Smith Collin A., Hartman C. Alex","journalName":"Ecotoxicology","publicationDate":"3/1/2016","auditedOn":"8/1/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"3/1/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herzog, Mark P. 0000-0002-5203-2835 mherzog@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5203-2835","contributorId":131158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herzog","given":"Mark","email":"mherzog@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ackerman, Joshua T. 0000-0002-3074-8322 jackerman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3074-8322","contributorId":147078,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ackerman","given":"Joshua T.","email":"jackerman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":622082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hartman, C. Alex 0000-0002-7222-1633 chartman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7222-1633","contributorId":131157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hartman","given":"C.","email":"chartman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Alex","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622085,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70169863,"text":"70169863 - 2016 - Determining the 95% limit of detection for waterborne pathogen analyses from primary concentration to qPCR","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-28T11:39:18","indexId":"70169863","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T12:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3716,"text":"Water Research","onlineIssn":"1879-2448","printIssn":"0043-1354","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determining the 95% limit of detection for waterborne pathogen analyses from primary concentration to qPCR","docAbstract":"

The limit of detection (LOD) for qPCR-based analyses is not consistently defined or determined in studies on waterborne pathogens. Moreover, the LODs reported often reflect the qPCR assay alone rather than the entire sample process. Our objective was to develop an approach to determine the 95% LOD (lowest concentration at which 95% of positive samples are detected) for the entire process of waterborne pathogen detection. We began by spiking the lowest concentration that was consistently positive at the qPCR step (based on its standard curve) into each procedural step working backwards (i.e., extraction, secondary concentration, primary concentration), which established a concentration that was detectable following losses of the pathogen from processing. Using the fraction of positive replicates (n = 10) at this concentration, we selected and analyzed a second, and then third, concentration. If the fraction of positive replicates equaled 1 or 0 for two concentrations, we selected another. We calculated the LOD using probit analysis. To demonstrate our approach we determined the 95% LOD for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, adenovirus 41, and vaccine-derived poliovirus Sabin 3, which were 11, 12, and 6 genomic copies (gc) per reaction (rxn), respectively (equivalent to 1.3, 1.5, and 4.0 gc L−1 assuming the 1500 L tap-water sample volume prescribed in EPA Method 1615). This approach limited the number of analyses required and was amenable to testing multiple genetic targets simultaneously (i.e., spiking a single sample with multiple microorganisms). An LOD determined this way can facilitate study design, guide the number of required technical replicates, aid method evaluation, and inform data interpretation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2016.03.026","usgsCitation":"Stokdyk, J., Firnstahl, A.D., Spencer, S., Burch, T.R., and Borchardt, M.A., 2016, Determining the 95% limit of detection for waterborne pathogen analyses from primary concentration to qPCR: Water Research, v. 96, p. 105-113, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.03.026.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"105","endPage":"113","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069379","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319550,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56fa55bce4b0a6037df0aaa6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stokdyk, Joel P. jstokdyk@usgs.gov","contributorId":168295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stokdyk","given":"Joel P.","email":"jstokdyk@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":625370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Firnstahl, Aaron D. 0000-0003-2686-7596 afirnstahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2686-7596","contributorId":168296,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Firnstahl","given":"Aaron","email":"afirnstahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spencer, Susan K.","contributorId":39511,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spencer","given":"Susan K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625372,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Burch, Tucker R tburch@usgs.gov","contributorId":5689,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burch","given":"Tucker","email":"tburch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625373,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Borchardt, Mark A. 0000-0002-6471-2627","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6471-2627","contributorId":151033,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borchardt","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":6684,"text":"USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Aiken, SC","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":625374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70168806,"text":"70168806 - 2016 - Establishing a pre-mining geochemical baseline at a uranium mine near Grand Canyon National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-08T10:31:11","indexId":"70168806","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1760,"text":"Geoderma","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Establishing a pre-mining geochemical baseline at a uranium mine near Grand Canyon National Park, USA","docAbstract":"

During 2012, approximately 404,000 ha of Federal Land in northern Arizona was withdrawn from consideration of mineral extraction for a 20-year period to protect the Grand Canyon watershed from potentially adverse effects of U mineral exploration and development. The development, operation, and reclamation of the Canyon Mine during the withdrawal period provide an excellent field site to understand and document off-site migration of radionuclides within the withdrawal area. As part of the Department of Interior's (DOI's) study plan for the exclusion area, the objective of our study is to utilize pre-defined decision units (DUs) in areas within and surrounding the Canyon Mine to demonstrate how newly established incremental sampling methodologies (ISM) combined with multivariate statistical methods can be used to document a repeatable and statistically defensible measure of pre-mining baseline conditions in surface soils and stream sediment samples prior to ore extraction. During the survey in June 2013, the highest pre-mining 95% upper confidence level (UCL) concentrations with respect to As, Mo, U, and V were found in the triplicate samples collected from surface soils in the mine site DU designated as M1. Gamma activities were slightly elevated in soils within the M1 DU (up to 28 μR/h); however, off-site gamma activities in soil and stream-sediment samples were lower (< 6 to 12 μR/h). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was applied to 33 chemical constituents contained in the multivariate data generated from the analysis of triplicate samples collected in the soil and stream sediment DUs within and surrounding Canyon Mine. Most of the triplicate samples from individual DUs were grouped in the same dendrogram cluster when using a similarity value (SV) of 0.70 (unitless). Different group membership of triplicate samples from two of the four haul road DUs was likely the result of heterogeneity induced by non-native soil material introduced from the gravel road base or from vehicular traffic. Application of HCA and ISM will provide critical metrics to meet DOI's long-term goals for assessing off-site migration of radionuclides resulting from mining and reclamation in the current (2015) exclusion area associated within the Grand Canyon watershed and the associated national park.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2016.01.004","usgsCitation":"Naftz, D.L., and Walton-Day, K., 2016, Establishing a pre-mining geochemical baseline at a uranium mine near Grand Canyon National Park, USA: Geoderma, v. 7, no. 1, p. 76-92, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2016.01.004.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"76","endPage":"92","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-062046","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471188,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2016.01.004","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":318556,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -114.0380859375,\n 35.44724605551148\n ],\n [\n -114.0380859375,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -111.566162109375,\n 36.99377838872517\n ],\n [\n -111.566162109375,\n 35.44724605551148\n ],\n [\n -114.0380859375,\n 35.44724605551148\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":4,"text":"Rolla PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56dabfdbe4b015c306f84c84","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2016.01.004","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2016.01.004","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Naftz David, Walton-Day Katie","journalName":"Geoderma Regional","publicationDate":"3/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Naftz, David L. 0000-0003-1130-6892 dlnaftz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-6892","contributorId":1041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"David","email":"dlnaftz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621831,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Walton-Day, Katherine 0000-0002-9146-6193 kwaltond@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-6193","contributorId":1245,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walton-Day","given":"Katherine","email":"kwaltond@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":621832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70169276,"text":"70169276 - 2016 - Habitat use and foraging patterns of molting male Long-tailed Ducks in lagoons of the central Beaufort Sea, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-16T21:09:50","indexId":"70169276","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":894,"text":"Arctic","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Habitat use and foraging patterns of molting male Long-tailed Ducks in lagoons of the central Beaufort Sea, Alaska","docAbstract":"

From mid-July through September, 10 000 to 30 000 Long-tailed Ducks (Clangula hyemalis) use the lagoon systems of the central Beaufort Sea for remigial molt. Little is known about their foraging behavior and patterns of habitat use during this flightless period. We used radio transmitters to track male Long-tailed Ducks through the molt period from 2000 to 2002 in three lagoons: one adjacent to industrial oil field development and activity and two in areas without industrial activity. We found that an index to time spent foraging generally increased through the molt period. Foraging, habitat use, and home range size showed similar patterns, but those patterns were highly variable among lagoons and across years. Even with continuous daylight during the study period, birds tended to use offshore areas during the day for feeding and roosted in protected nearshore waters at night. We suspect that variability in behaviors associated with foraging, habitat use, and home range size are likely influenced by availability of invertebrate prey. Proximity to oil field activity did not appear to affect foraging behaviors of molting Long-tailed Ducks.

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Richard","contributorId":167766,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lanctot","given":"Richard","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":5128,"text":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623438,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70170067,"text":"70170067 - 2016 - Predictive mapping of seabirds, pinnipeds and cetaceans off the Pacific Coast of Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-06T17:48:48","indexId":"70170067","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Predictive mapping of seabirds, pinnipeds and cetaceans off the Pacific Coast of Washington","docAbstract":"

About this report

\n

This report supports Washington-led marine spatial planning and responsible stewardship of natural and cultural resources by the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary. Washington state agencies and the sanctuary continually seek the best available science to improve management of marine uses and stewardship of resources (Etheridge et al., 2010; Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, 2015a). This report and associated data provide new, state- and sanctuary-requested information on seabird, pinniped, and cetacean distributions. Through spatial planning, information on species distributions can help to identify high-value conservation areas, minimize adverse effects of ocean uses and mitigate impacts of coastal hazards. Correspondingly, the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife has already begun to use the maps of predicted relative density presented in this report to identify ecologically important areas off the Pacific Coast of Washington and apply this information to plan for offshore renewable energy development.

\n

This is the culmination of three years of work to compile information on seabirds, pinnipeds, and cetaceans, and advance a modeling framework that can integrate data sets and develop accurate predictions of relative density for important species off the Pacific Coast of Washington. Previous reports, which evaluated existing datasets of at-sea observations (Menza et al., 2014; Kracker and Menza, 2015) and presented superseded versions of seabird models (Menza et al., 2015), provided base information for this report. In addition to the maps in this published report, all new seabird, pinniped and cetacean predictions will be made publicly available as digital geospatial data through the National Centers for Environmental Information.

\n

This research supports the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Coastal Zone Management Program, a voluntary partnership between the federal government and U.S. coastal and Great Lakes states and territories authorized by the Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) of 1972 to address national coastal issues. The act provides the basis for protecting, restoring, and responsibly developing our nation’s diverse coastal communities and resources. To meet the goals of the CZMA, the national program takes a comprehensive approach to coastal resource management – balancing the often competing and occasionally conflicting demands of coastal resource use, economic development, and conservation. A wide range of issues are addressed through the program, including coastal development, water quality, public access, habitat protection, energy facility siting, ocean governance and planning, coastal hazards, and climate change. Accurate maps of seabird and marine mammal distributions are an important tool for making informed management decisions that affect all of these issues. 

","language":"English","publisher":"NOAA NCCOS Center of Coastal Monitoring and Assessment","doi":"10.7289/V5NV9G7Z","collaboration":"A collaborative investigation by NOAA's National Ocean Service and National Marine Fisheries Service, U.S. Geological Survey, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife, Cascadia Research Collective","usgsCitation":"Menza, C., Leirness, J.B., White, T., Winship, A., Kinlan, B.P., Kracker, L., Zamon, J.E., Ballance, L., Becker, E., Forney, K.A., Barlow, J., Adams, J., Pereksta, D., Pearson, S., Pierce, J., Jeffries, S.J., Calambokidis, J., Douglas, A., Hanson, B.C., Benson, S.R., and Antrim, L., 2016, Predictive mapping of seabirds, pinnipeds and cetaceans off the Pacific Coast of Washington, i. 96 p., https://doi.org/10.7289/V5NV9G7Z.","productDescription":"i. 96 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-073210","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research 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R.","contributorId":49096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626008,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":20},{"text":"Antrim, Liam","contributorId":168462,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Antrim","given":"Liam","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25298,"text":"NOAA/NOS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":626009,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":21}]}} ,{"id":70170102,"text":"70170102 - 2016 - Riparian groundwater and baseflow studies in the Upper Colorado River Basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-12T13:35:57","indexId":"70170102","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T01:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"title":"Riparian groundwater and baseflow studies in the Upper Colorado River 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Executive summary

\n

As part of an ongoing effort to understand baseflow in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) and implications for stream-dependent ecosystems, we conducted a brief review of literature related to groundwater and baseflow in the UCRB. We included primary literature, federal and state resources, databases and gray literature studies on groundwater, baseflow, and springs in the UCRB region. This review provides examples of the types of groundwater and baseflow studies published for the UCRB with sections on whole-basin studies, catchment and reach studies and their locations, water quality studies, studies adjacent to the UCRB, state and federal groundwater resources, and finally a discussion of potential further directions. Despite the limited nature of the review, we summarize numerous studies related to groundwater in the UCRB which will be valuable to researchers interested in groundwater and baseflow dynamics in the region.

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,{"id":70193129,"text":"70193129 - 2016 - Groundwater conditions in Utah, spring of 2016","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-21T14:01:53","indexId":"70193129","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":110,"text":"Cooperative Investigations Report","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"57","title":"Groundwater conditions in Utah, spring of 2016","docAbstract":"

This is the fifty-third in a series of annual reports that describe groundwater conditions in Utah. Reports in this series, published cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights, and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality, provide data to enable interested parties to maintain awareness of changing groundwater conditions.

This report, like the others in the series, contains information on well construction, groundwater withdrawals from wells, water-level changes, precipitation, streamflow, and chemical quality of water. Information on well construction included in this report refers only to new wells constructed for withdrawal of groundwater. Supplementary data are included in reports of this series only for those years or areas that are important to a discussion of changing groundwater conditions and for which applicable data are available.

This report includes individual discussions of selected significant areas of groundwater development in the State for calendar year 2015. Most of the reported data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights, and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality. This report is also available online at http://www.waterrights.utah.gov/techinfo/ and http://ut.water.usgs.gov/publications/GW2016.pdf. Groundwater conditions in Utah for calendar year 2014 are reported in Burden and others (2015) and are available online at http://ut.water.usgs.gov/publications/GW2015.pdf

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\"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fd79e4b06e28e9c24eef","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burden, Carole B. cburden@usgs.gov","contributorId":852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burden","given":"Carole","email":"cburden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70175946,"text":"70175946 - 2016 - Detection of an enigmatic plethodontid Salamander using Environmental DNA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-22T15:54:19","indexId":"70175946","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal 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The isolation and identification of environmental DNA (eDNA) offers a non-invasive and efficient method for the detection of rare and secretive aquatic wildlife, and it is being widely integrated into inventory and monitoring efforts. The Patch-Nosed Salamander (Urspelerpes brucei) is a tiny, recently discovered species of plethodontid salamander known only from headwater streams in a small region of Georgia and South Carolina. Here, we present results of a quantitative PCR-based eDNA assay capable of detecting Urspelerpes in more than 75% of 33 samples from five confirmed streams. We deployed the method at 31 additional streams and located three previously undocumented populations of Urspelerpes. We compare the results of our eDNA assay with our attempt to use aquatic leaf litterbags for the rapid detection of Urspelerpes and demonstrate the relative efficacy of the eDNA assay. We suggest that eDNA offers great potential for use in detecting other aquatic and semi-aquatic plethodontid salamanders.

","language":"English","publisher":"The American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists","doi":"10.1643/CH-14-202","usgsCitation":"Pierson, T.W., McKee, A.M., Spear, S.F., Maerz, J.C., Camp, C.D., and Glenn, T.C., 2016, Detection of an enigmatic plethodontid Salamander using Environmental DNA: Copeia, v. 104, no. 1, p. 78-82, https://doi.org/10.1643/CH-14-202.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"78","endPage":"82","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063059","costCenters":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327357,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57bc2259e4b03fd6b7de178a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pierson, Todd W.","contributorId":115820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pierson","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646642,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKee, Anna M. 0000-0003-2790-5320 amckee@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2790-5320","contributorId":166725,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McKee","given":"Anna","email":"amckee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":646641,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spear, Stephen F.","contributorId":120450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spear","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646643,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maerz, John C.","contributorId":171763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Maerz","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646644,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Camp, Carlos D.","contributorId":173949,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Camp","given":"Carlos","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":27325,"text":"Piedmont College","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":646645,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Glenn, Travis C.","contributorId":173950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Glenn","given":"Travis","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":27326,"text":"Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":646646,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70158971,"text":"twri9A55.2.1.A - 2016 - Capsule- and disk-filter procedure","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-30T10:55:09","indexId":"twri9A55.2.1.A","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":336,"text":"Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations","code":"TWRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"9-A5","subchapterNumber":"5.2.1.A","title":"Capsule- and disk-filter procedure","docAbstract":"

Capsule and disk filters are disposable, self-contained units composed of a pleated or woven filter medium encased in a polypropylene or other plastic housing that can be connected inline to a sample-delivery system (such as a submersible or peristaltic pump) that generates sufficient pressure (positive or negative) to force water through the filter. Filter media are available in several pore sizes, but 0.45 µm is the pore size used routinely for most studies at this time. Capsule or disk filters (table 5.2.1.A.1) are required routinely for most studies when filtering samples for trace-element analyses and are recommended when filtering samples for major-ion or other inorganic-constituent analyses.

","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chapter 5: Processing of water samples","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/twri9A55.2.1.A","usgsCitation":"Skrobialowski, S.C., 2016, Capsule- and disk-filter procedure: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations 9-A5, 8 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/twri9A55.2.1.A.","productDescription":"8 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066078","costCenters":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324671,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":324670,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/owq/FieldManual/","text":"National Field Manual for the Collection of Water-Quality Data. U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, Book 9"},{"id":321225,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://water.usgs.gov/owq/FieldManual/chapter5/pdf/5.2.1.A.pdf"}],"publicComments":"This report is Section 5.2.1.A of Chapter 5: Processing of water samples in Book 9: Handbooks for water-resources investigations","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"577642aee4b07dd077c873f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Skrobialowski, Stanley C. 0000-0001-8627-0279 sski@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-0279","contributorId":1402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Skrobialowski","given":"Stanley","email":"sski@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":629300,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70189227,"text":"70189227 - 2016 - Mercury transformation and release differs with depth and time in a contaminated riparian soil during simulated flooding","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-06T13:12:52","indexId":"70189227","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mercury transformation and release differs with depth and time in a contaminated riparian soil during simulated flooding","docAbstract":"Riparian soils are an important environment in the transport of mercury in rivers and wetlands, but the biogeochemical factors controlling mercury dynamics under transient redox conditions in these soils are not well understood. Mercury release and transformations in the Oa and underlying A horizons of a contaminated riparian soil were characterized in microcosms and an intact soil core under saturation conditions. Pore water dynamics of total mercury (HgT), methylmercury (MeHg), and dissolved gaseous mercury (Hg0(aq)) along with selected anions, major elements, and trace metals were characterized across redox transitions during 36 d of flooding in microcosms. Next, HgT dynamics were characterized over successive flooding (17 d), drying (28 d), and flooding (36 d) periods in the intact core. The observed mercury dynamics exhibit depth and temporal variability. At the onset of flooding in microcosms (1–3 d), mercury in the Oa horizon soil, present as a combination of ionic mercury (Hg(II)) bound to thiol groups in the soil organic matter (SOM) and nanoparticulate metacinnabar (b-HgS), was mobilized with organic matter of high molecular weight. Subsequently, under anoxic conditions, pore water HgT declined coincident with sulfate (3–11 d) and the proportion of nanoparticulate b-HgS in the Oa horizon soil increased slightly. Redox oscillations in the intact Oa horizon soil exhausted the mobile mercury pool associated with organic matter. In contrast, mercury in the A horizon soil, present predominantly as nanoparticulate b-HgS, was mobilized primarily as Hg0(aq) under strongly reducing conditions (5–18 d). The concentration of Hg0(aq) under dark reducing conditions correlated positively with byproducts of dissimilatory metal reduction (P(Fe,Mn)). Mercury dynamics in intact A horizon soil were consistent over two periods of flooding, indicating that nanoparticulate b-HgS was an accessible pool of mobile mercury over recurrent reducing conditions. The concentration of MeHg increased with flooding time in both the Oa and A horizon pore waters. Temporal changes in pore water constituents (iron, manganese, sulfate, inorganic carbon, headspace methane) all implicate microbial control of redox transitions. The mobilization of mercury in multiple forms, including HgT associated with organic matter, MeHg, and Hg0(aq), to pore waters during periodic soil flooding may contribute to mercury releases to adjacent surface waters and the recycling of the legacy mercury to the atmosphere.","language":"English","publisher":"Elesevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gca.2015.12.024","usgsCitation":"Poulin, B., Aiken, G.R., Nagy, K.L., Manceau, A., Krabbenhoft, D.P., and Ryan, J.N., 2016, Mercury transformation and release differs with depth and time in a contaminated riparian soil during simulated flooding: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 176, p. 118-138, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2015.12.024.","productDescription":"21 p. 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Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":703607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Ryan, Joseph N.","contributorId":54290,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ryan","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":604,"text":"University of Colorado- Boulder","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":703608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70175547,"text":"70175547 - 2016 - Elevation dynamics in a restored versus a submerging salt marsh in Long Island Sound","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-03T13:35:50","indexId":"70175547","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Elevation dynamics in a restored versus a submerging salt marsh in Long Island Sound","docAbstract":"

Accelerated sea-level rise (SLR) poses the threat of salt marsh submergence, especially in marshes that are relatively low-lying. At the same time, restoration efforts are producing new low-lying marshes, many of which are thriving and avoiding submergence. To understand the causes of these different fates, we studied two Long Island Sound marshes: one that is experiencing submergence and mudflat expansion, and one that is undergoing successful restoration. We examined sedimentation using a variety of methods, each of which captures different time periods and different aspects of marsh elevation change: surface-elevation tables, marker horizons, sediment cores, and sediment traps. We also studied marsh hydrology, productivity, respiration, nutrient content, and suspended sediment. We found that, despite the expansion of mudflat in the submerging marsh, the areas that remain vegetated have been gaining elevation at roughly the rate of SLR over the last 10 years. However, this elevation gain was only possible thanks to an increase in belowground volume, which may be a temporary response to waterlogging. In addition, accretion rates in the first half of the twentieth century were much lower than current rates, so century-scale accretion in the submerging marsh was lower than SLR. In contrast, at the restored marsh, accretion rates are now averaging about 10 mm yr−1 (several times the rate of SLR), much higher than before restoration. The main cause of the different trajectories at the two marshes appeared to be the availability of suspended sediment, which was much higher in the restored marsh. We considered and rejected alternative hypotheses, including differences in tidal flooding, plant productivity, and nutrient loading. In the submerging marsh, suspended and deposited sediment had relatively high organic content, which may be a useful indicator of sediment starvation.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2016.01.017","usgsCitation":"Anisfeld, S.C., Hill, T.D., and Cahoon, D.R., 2016, Elevation dynamics in a restored versus a submerging salt marsh in Long Island Sound: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 170, p. 145-154, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2016.01.017.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"145","endPage":"154","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064523","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326583,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"170","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57b43943e4b03bcb01039fb1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anisfeld, Shimon C.","contributorId":173724,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Anisfeld","given":"Shimon","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":645634,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, Troy D.","contributorId":150000,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hill","given":"Troy","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":17883,"text":"Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, New Haven, CT","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":645635,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cahoon, Donald R. 0000-0002-2591-5667 dcahoon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-5667","contributorId":3791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahoon","given":"Donald","email":"dcahoon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":645636,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70175340,"text":"70175340 - 2016 - Lake Ontario benthic prey fish assessment, 2015","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-09T14:19:57.843125","indexId":"70175340","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5114,"text":"NYSDEC Lake Ontario Annual Report ","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"2015","chapter":"12b","title":"Lake Ontario benthic prey fish assessment, 2015","docAbstract":"

Benthic prey fishes are a critical component of the Lake Ontario food web, serving as energy vectors from benthic invertebrates to native and introduced piscivores. Since the late 1970’s, Lake Ontario benthic prey fish status was primarily assessed using bottom trawl observations confined to the lake’s south shore, in waters from 8 – 150 m (26 – 492 ft). In 2015, the Benthic Prey Fish Survey was cooperatively adjusted and expanded to address resource management information needs including lake-wide benthic prey fish population dynamics. Effort increased from 55 bottom trawl sites to 135 trawl sites collected in depths from 8 - 225m (26 – 738 ft). The spatial coverage of sampling was also expanded and occurred in all major lake basins. The resulting distribution of tow depths more closely matched the available lake depth distribution. The additional effort illustrated how previous surveys were underestimating lake-wide Deepwater Sculpin, Myoxocephalus thompsonii, abundance by not sampling in areas of highest density. We also found species richness was greater in the new sampling sites relative to the historic sites with 11 new fish species caught in the new sites including juvenile Round Whitefish, Prosopium cylindraceum, and Mottled sculpin, Cottus bairdii. Species-specific assessments found Slimy Sculpin, Cottus cognatus abundance increased slightly in 2015 relative to 2014, while Deepwater Sculpin and Round Goby, Neogobius melanostomus, dramatically increased in 2015, relative to 2014. The cooperative, lake-wide Benthic Prey Fish Survey expanded our understanding of benthic fish population dynamics and habitat use in Lake Ontario. This survey’s data and interpretations influence international resource management decision making, such as informing the Deepwater Sculpin conservation status and assessing the balance between sport fish consumption and prey fish populations. Additionally a significant Lake Ontario event occurred in May 2015 when a single juvenile Bloater Coregonus hoyi, was captured during the spring bottom trawl survey at 95m (312 ft) near Oswego, NY. This native, deep-water prey fish, last captured in Lake Ontario survey trawls in 1983, is part of an international, collaborative coregonid restoration effort in the Great Lakes.

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This paper presents results of hydrochemical and isotopic analyses of groundwater (fracture water) and porewater, and physical property and water content measurements of bedrock core at the Chalk River Laboratories (CRL) site in Ontario. Density and water contents were determined and water-loss porosity values were calculated for core samples. Average and standard deviations of density and water-loss porosity of 50 core samples from four boreholes are 2.73 ± 12 g/cc and 1.32 ± 1.24 percent. Respective median values are 2.68 and 0.83 indicating a positive skewness in the distributions. Groundwater samples from four deep boreholes were analyzed for strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and uranium (234U/238U) isotope ratios. Oxygen and hydrogen isotope analyses and selected solute concentrations determined by CRL are included for comparison. Groundwater from borehole CRG-1 in a zone between approximately +60 and −240 m elevation is relatively depleted in δ18O and δ2H perhaps reflecting a slug of water recharged during colder climatic conditions. Porewater was extracted from core samples by centrifugation and analyzed for major dissolved ions and for strontium and uranium isotopes. On average, the extracted water contains 15 times larger concentration of solutes than the groundwater. 234U/238U and correlation of 87Sr/86Sr with Rb/Sr values indicate that the porewater may be substantially older than the groundwater. Results of this study show that the Precambrian gneisses at Chalk River are similar in physical properties and hydrochemical aspects to crystalline rocks being considered for the construction of nuclear waste repositories in other regions.

","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.12.004","collaboration":"Atomic Energy of Canada","usgsCitation":"Peterman, Z.E., Neymark, L., King-Sharp, K., and Gascoyne, M., 2016, Isotope hydrology of the Chalk River Laboratories site, Ontario, Canada: Applied Geochemistry, v. 66, p. 149-161, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.12.004.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"161","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064233","costCenters":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":319186,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":319118,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.12.004"}],"country":"Canada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.43026733398438,\n 46.080256375438374\n ],\n [\n -77.45859146118164,\n 46.06334542881816\n ],\n [\n -77.46477127075195,\n 46.0653702518009\n ],\n [\n -77.4235725402832,\n 46.01043551674464\n ],\n [\n -77.36949920654297,\n 46.02843533842512\n ],\n [\n -77.37035751342772,\n 46.03069980161169\n ],\n [\n -77.34598159790039,\n 46.03844594778183\n ],\n [\n -77.36263275146484,\n 46.051671471790684\n ],\n [\n -77.38100051879883,\n 46.06108230348094\n ],\n [\n -77.38117218017578,\n 46.06310720946706\n ],\n [\n -77.37945556640625,\n 46.06251165659222\n ],\n [\n -77.38065719604492,\n 46.06441740317782\n ],\n [\n -77.38323211669922,\n 46.065132041186985\n ],\n [\n -77.38460540771484,\n 46.065132041186985\n ],\n [\n -77.38306045532227,\n 46.06370275591751\n ],\n [\n -77.38443374633789,\n 46.06370275591751\n ],\n [\n -77.41241455078125,\n 46.075374169392795\n ],\n [\n -77.42717742919922,\n 46.08037544823821\n ],\n [\n -77.43026733398438,\n 46.080256375438374\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"66","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f26cc9e4b0f59b85deccc6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterman, Zell E. 0000-0002-5694-8082 peterman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5694-8082","contributorId":167699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterman","given":"Zell","email":"peterman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":164,"text":"Central Energy Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":623174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Neymark, Leonid A. 0000-0003-4190-0278 lneymark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4190-0278","contributorId":140338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neymark","given":"Leonid A.","email":"lneymark@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":623175,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"King-Sharp, K.J.","contributorId":167700,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"King-Sharp","given":"K.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24808,"text":"Atomic Energy of Canada, Chalk River, Ontario","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gascoyne, Mel","contributorId":167701,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gascoyne","given":"Mel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24809,"text":"Gascoyne GeoProjects Inc., Pinawa, Manitoba","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":623177,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70174880,"text":"70174880 - 2016 - Walter Rowe Courtenay, Jr. (1933–2014)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-05-04T10:06:31","indexId":"70174880","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1337,"text":"Copeia","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Walter Rowe Courtenay, Jr. (1933–2014)","docAbstract":"

WALTER R. COURTENAY, JR., ichthyologist and retired professor, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, died in Gainesville, Florida, on 30 January 2014 at age 80. Walt was born in Neenah, Wisconsin, on 6 November 1933, son of Walter and Emily Courtenay. Walt's interest in fish began at a young age as evidenced by a childhood diary in which at 13 years of age he wrote about his first catch—a two-and-a-half pound “pike” from Lake Winnebago. When Walt turned ten, the family moved from Wisconsin to Nashville, Tennessee, the move precipitated by his father accepting a position as pastor of the First Presbyterian Church. During those early days in Nashville, Walt's father would take summers off and travel to Michigan to teach at Camp Miniwanca along the shore of Lake Michigan where father and son honed their angling skills. It was also at that time Walt's father had definite views on what his son should be doing in adult life—in Walt's case it was to become a medical doctor. However, his Woods Hole internship in marine biology and oceanography toward the end of his undergraduate years was a transformative experience for him so much so that he abandoned all ideas of becoming a medical doctor and instead specialized in ichthyology and oceanography. Apart from the inherent interest and opportunities Woods Hole opened to him, being back at the shore of a large body of water, in this case the Atlantic Ocean, was far more interesting than sitting in lectures on organic chemistry. With that, Walt completed his B.A. degree at Vanderbilt University in 1956. In 1960 while in graduate school in Miami, Walt met and married Francine Saporito, and over the next several years had two children, Walter III and Catherine. He went on to receive his M.S. in 1961 from The Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science at the University of Miami on the systematics of the genus Haemulon (grunts) and his Ph.D. degree in 1965 working under his advisor C. Richard “Dick” Robins, also at Miami, with his dissertation entitled “Atlantic Fishes of the Genus Rypticus (Grammistidae): Systematics and Osteology.” Dick and wife Catherine Robins, also a fellow biologist, thought of him as a great friend to have. They fondly recalled that those of us who knew Walt in his early grad student days valued his sense of humor and unmistakable laugh, much of which was directed at bureaucratic foolishness and pomposity. However, he also had a very serious side when it came to justice and responsibility.

","language":"English","publisher":"The American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists","doi":"10.1643/OT-15-358","usgsCitation":"Benson, A.J., 2016, Walter Rowe Courtenay, Jr. (1933–2014): Copeia, v. 104, no. 1, p. 297-299, https://doi.org/10.1643/OT-15-358.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"297","endPage":"299","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069233","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325445,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"104","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"578f4f30e4b0ad6235cf003d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, Amy J. 0000-0002-4517-1466 abenson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4517-1466","contributorId":3836,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"Amy","email":"abenson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":566,"text":"Southeast Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642964,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70168724,"text":"ofr20161029 - 2016 - Preliminary characterization of nitrogen and phosphorus in groundwater discharging to Lake Spokane, northeastern Washington, using stable nitrogen isotopes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-03-02T08:47:58","indexId":"ofr20161029","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-29T18:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-1029","title":"Preliminary characterization of nitrogen and phosphorus in groundwater discharging to Lake Spokane, northeastern Washington, using stable nitrogen isotopes","docAbstract":"

Lake Spokane, locally referred to as Long Lake, is a 24-mile-long section of the Spokane River impounded by Long Lake Dam that has, in recent decades, experienced water-quality problems associated with eutrophication. Consumption of oxygen by the decomposition of aquatic plants that have proliferated because of high nutrient concentrations has led to seasonally low dissolved oxygen concentrations in the lake. Of nitrogen and phosphorus, the two primary nutrients necessary for aquatic vegetation growth, phosphorus was previously identified as the limiting nutrient that regulates the growth of aquatic plants and, thus, dissolved oxygen concentrations in Lake Spokane. Phosphorus is delivered to Lake Spokane from municipal and industrial point-source inputs to the Spokane River upstream of Lake Spokane, but is also conveyed by groundwater and surface water from nonpoint-sources including septic tanks, agricultural fields, and wildlife. In response, the Washington State Department of Ecology listed Lake Spokane on the 303(d) list of impaired water bodies for low dissolved oxygen concentrations and developed a Total Maximum Daily Load for phosphorus in 1992, which was revised in 2010 because of continuing algal blooms and water-quality concerns.

This report evaluates the concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen in shallow groundwater discharging to Lake Spokane to determine if a difference exists between nutrient concentrations in groundwater discharging to the lake downgradient of residential development with on-site septic systems and downgradient of undeveloped land without on-site septic systems. Elevated nitrogen isotope values (δ15N) within the roots of aquatic vegetation were used as an indicator of septic-system derived nitrogen. δ15N values were measured in August and September 2014 downgradient of residential development near the lakeshore, of residential development on 300-ft-high terraces above the lake, and of undeveloped land in the eastern (upper) and central (lower) parts of Lake Spokane. Significantly lower δ15N values were measured within aquatic vegetation downgradient of undeveloped land in eastern Lake Spokane relative to both near-shore and terrace residential development land uses. Conversely, significantly higher δ15N values were measured downgradient of undeveloped land in central Lake Spokane relative to the two developed land uses. These results guided the location of subsequent groundwater sampling in March and April 2015 from 30 shallow piezometers driven into the near-shore area of Lake Spokane. Nitrate plus nitrite concentrations in groundwater discharging to Lake Spokane downgradient of undeveloped areas were significantly lower than those measured downgradient of both near-shore and terrace residential development. Orthophosphate concentrations in groundwater were not significantly different with respect to upgradient land use.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161029","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Washington State Department of Ecology","usgsCitation":"Gendaszek, A.S., Cox, S.E., and Spanjer, A.R., 2016, Preliminary characterization of nitrogen and phosphorus in groundwater discharging to Lake Spokane, northeastern Washington, using stable nitrogen isotopes: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016-1029, 22 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161029.","productDescription":"vi, 22 p.","numberOfPages":"30","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068545","costCenters":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318436,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1029/ofr20161029.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.8 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1029 PDF"},{"id":318435,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1029/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Washington","otherGeospatial":"Lake Spokane","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.83935546874999,\n 47.77694420640404\n ],\n [\n -117.83935546874999,\n 47.897930761804936\n ],\n [\n -117.53002166748047,\n 47.897930761804936\n ],\n [\n -117.53002166748047,\n 47.77694420640404\n ],\n [\n -117.83935546874999,\n 47.77694420640404\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Washington Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
934 Broadway, Suite 300
Tacoma, Washington 98402
http://wa.water.usgs.gov

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2016-02-29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d56bb1e4b015c306f1c12d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gendaszek, Andrew S. 0000-0002-2373-8986 agendasz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2373-8986","contributorId":3509,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gendaszek","given":"Andrew","email":"agendasz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cox, Stephen E. 0000-0001-6614-8225 secox@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6614-8225","contributorId":1642,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cox","given":"Stephen","email":"secox@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spanjer, Andrew R. 0000-0002-7288-2722 aspanjer@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7288-2722","contributorId":156271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Spanjer","given":"Andrew","email":"aspanjer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":621414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70168718,"text":"fs20163005 - 2016 - Dragonfly Mercury Project—A citizen science driven approach to linking surface-water chemistry and landscape characteristics to biosentinels on a national scale","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T15:49:52","indexId":"fs20163005","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-29T17:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-3005","title":"Dragonfly Mercury Project—A citizen science driven approach to linking surface-water chemistry and landscape characteristics to biosentinels on a national scale","docAbstract":"

Mercury is a globally distributed pollutant that threatens human and ecosystem health. Even protected areas, such as national parks, are subjected to mercury contamination because it is delivered through atmospheric deposition, often after long-range transport. In aquatic ecosystems, certain environmental conditions can promote microbial processes that convert inorganic mercury to an organic form (methylmercury). Methylmercury biomagnifies through food webs and is a potent neurotoxicant and endocrine disruptor. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the University of Maine, and the National Park Service (NPS) Air Resources Division are working in partnership at more than 50 national parks across the United States, and with citizen scientists as key participants in data collection, to develop dragonfly nymphs as biosentinels for mercury in aquatic food webs. To validate the use of these biosentinels, and gain a better understanding of the connection between biotic and abiotic pools of mercury, this project also includes collection of landscape data and surface-water chemistry including mercury, methylmercury, pH, sulfate, and dissolved organic carbon and sediment mercury concentration. Because of the wide geographic scope of the research, the project also provides a nationwide “snapshot” of mercury in primarily undeveloped watersheds.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163005","collaboration":"This work is funded by the USGS-NPS Water Quality Partnership with additional support from National Park Service and University of Maine","usgsCitation":"Eagles-Smith, C.A., Nelson, S.J., Willacker, J.J., Jr., Flanagan Pritz, C.M., and Krabbbenhoft, D.P., 2016, Dragonfly Mercury Project—A citizen science driven approach to linking surface-water chemistry and landscape characteristics to biosentinels on a national scale: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016-3005, 4 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163005.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; HTML Document; Dataset","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-071815","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science 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Director, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
777 NW 9th St., Suite 400
Corvallis, Oregon 97330
http://fresc.usgs.gov/

","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"publishedDate":"2016-02-29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d56ba8e4b015c306f1c0fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eagles-Smith, Collin A. 0000-0003-1329-5285 ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-5285","contributorId":505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eagles-Smith","given":"Collin","email":"ceagles-smith@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nelson, Sarah J.","contributorId":167269,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nelson","given":"Sarah","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":7063,"text":"University of Maine","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Willacker, Jr.","contributorId":167270,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willacker","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flanagan Pritz, Colleen M.","contributorId":64156,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flanagan Pritz","given":"Colleen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Krabbenhoft, David P. 0000-0003-1964-5020 dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1964-5020","contributorId":1658,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krabbenhoft","given":"David","email":"dpkrabbe@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37464,"text":"WMA - Laboratory & Analytical Services Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70168735,"text":"70168735 - 2016 - Holocene climate variability and anthropogenic impacts from Lago Paixban, a perennial wetland in Peten, Guatemala","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-29T15:04:28","indexId":"70168735","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-29T16:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1844,"text":"Global and Planetary Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Holocene climate variability and anthropogenic impacts from Lago Paixban, a perennial wetland in Peten, Guatemala","docAbstract":"

Analyses of an ~ 6 m sediment core from Lago Paixban in Peten, Guatemala, document the complex evolution of a perennial wetland over the last 10,300 years. The basal sediment is comprised of alluvial/colluvial fill deposited in the early Holocene. The absence of pollen and gastropods in the basal sediments suggests intermittently dry conditions until ~ 9000 cal yr. BP (henceforth BP) when the basin began to hold water perennially. Lowland tropical forest taxa dominated the local vegetation at this time. A distinct band of carbonate dating to ~ 8200 BP suggests regionally dry conditions, possibly associated with the 8.2 ka event. Wetter conditions during the Holocene Thermal Maximum are indicated by evidence of a raised water level and an open water lake. The timing of this interval coincides with strengthening of the Central American Monsoon. An abrupt change at 5500 BP involved the development of a sawgrass marsh and onset of peat deposition. The lowest recorded water levels date to 5500–4500 BP. Pollen, isotope, geochemical, and sedimentological data indicate that the coring site was near the edge of the marsh during this period. A rise in the water table after 4500 BP persisted until around 3500 BP. Clay marl deposition from 3500 to 210 BP corresponds to the period of Maya settlement. An increase in δ13C, the presence of Zea pollen, and a reduction in the percentage of forest taxa pollen indicate agricultural activity at this time. In contrast to several nearby paleoenvironmental studies, proxy evidence from Lago Paixban indicates human presence through the Classic/Postclassic period transition (~ 1000 BP) and persisting until the arrival of Europeans. Cessation of human activity around 210 BP resulted in local afforestation and the re-establishment of the current sawgrass marsh at Lago Paixban.

","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Global and Planetary Change","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.09.011","usgsCitation":"Wahl, D.B., Hansen, R., Byrne, R., Anderson, L., and Schreiner, T., 2016, Holocene climate variability and anthropogenic impacts from Lago Paixban, a perennial wetland in Peten, Guatemala: Global and Planetary Change, v. 138, p. 70-81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.09.011.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"70","endPage":"81","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-061146","costCenters":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318425,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Guatemala","county":"Peten","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -90.977783203125,\n 17.82714499951342\n ],\n [\n -89.1485595703125,\n 17.821915515968854\n ],\n [\n -89.1485595703125,\n 17.02527268537679\n ],\n [\n -89.241943359375,\n 15.887376009908698\n ],\n [\n -89.36279296875,\n 15.908508237156719\n ],\n [\n -89.384765625,\n 15.850389275322584\n ],\n [\n -89.5220947265625,\n 15.855673509998681\n ],\n [\n -89.5166015625,\n 15.929638243169176\n ],\n [\n -89.6209716796875,\n 15.929638243169176\n ],\n [\n -89.70886230468749,\n 15.961329081596647\n ],\n [\n -89.75830078125,\n 15.919073517982426\n ],\n [\n -89.8626708984375,\n 15.91379094700381\n ],\n [\n -89.9176025390625,\n 15.966610400903196\n ],\n [\n -89.9725341796875,\n 16.003575733881327\n ],\n [\n -90.0604248046875,\n 15.99829539040497\n ],\n [\n -90.2032470703125,\n 16.040534227979762\n ],\n [\n -90.318603515625,\n 16.05637148556169\n ],\n [\n -90.450439453125,\n 16.06692895745012\n ],\n [\n -90.450439453125,\n 16.214674588248556\n ],\n [\n -90.428466796875,\n 16.33595429086961\n ],\n [\n -90.4119873046875,\n 16.393931075352526\n ],\n [\n -90.516357421875,\n 16.430816412465084\n ],\n [\n -90.626220703125,\n 16.47823012776422\n ],\n [\n -90.6756591796875,\n 16.615137799987085\n ],\n [\n -90.71411132812499,\n 16.694078667842703\n ],\n [\n -90.85693359375,\n 16.79928241630398\n ],\n [\n -90.977783203125,\n 16.867633616803847\n ],\n [\n -91.065673828125,\n 16.89391596412634\n ],\n [\n -91.1370849609375,\n 16.98850206537361\n ],\n [\n -91.19750976562499,\n 17.014767530557833\n ],\n [\n -91.2689208984375,\n 17.109292665395643\n ],\n [\n -91.2799072265625,\n 17.167034421464095\n ],\n [\n -91.34033203125,\n 17.15653725548608\n ],\n [\n -91.4501953125,\n 17.256236314156435\n ],\n [\n -90.98876953125,\n 17.256236314156435\n ],\n [\n -90.977783203125,\n 17.82714499951342\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"138","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d56bace4b015c306f1c108","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wahl, David B. 0000-0002-0451-3554 dwahl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0451-3554","contributorId":3433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wahl","given":"David","email":"dwahl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":24693,"text":"Climate Research and Development","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hansen, Richard D.","contributorId":167255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Richard D.","affiliations":[{"id":24665,"text":"Department of Anthropology, Idaho State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Byrne, Roger","contributorId":13630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Byrne","given":"Roger","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Anderson, Lysanna 0000-0001-5650-9744 landerson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5650-9744","contributorId":5339,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Lysanna","email":"landerson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schreiner, T.","contributorId":60434,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiner","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621511,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70157311,"text":"ofr20151173 - 2016 - Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of selected headwater streams along the Allegheny Front, Blair County, Pennsylvania, July 2011–September 2013","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-29T10:21:36","indexId":"ofr20151173","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-29T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-1173","title":"Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of selected headwater streams along the Allegheny Front, Blair County, Pennsylvania, July 2011–September 2013","docAbstract":"

The Altoona Water Authority (AWA) obtains all of its water supply from headwater streams that drain western Blair County, an area underlain in part by black shale of the Marcellus Formation. Development of the shale-gas reservoirs will require new access roads, stream crossing, drill-pad construction, and pipeline installation, activities that have the potential to alter existing stream channel morphology, increase runoff and sediment supply, alter streamwater chemistry, and affect aquatic habitat. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with Altoona Water Authority and Blair County Conservation District, investigated the water quality of 12 headwater streams and biotic health of 10 headwater streams.

\n

Channel morphology was characterized at 10 of 12 stream sites using 500-foot (minimum) longitudinal profiles, four cross-sections each, and pebble counts. Channel slopes ranged from 0.008 in Poplar Run near Newry to 0.045 in Mill Run. In general, streams draining watersheds of 5 square miles or less and at higher elevation had the steepest slopes. On the basis of the median particle size, determined during pebble counts, the streambed substrate can be characterized as cobble (Mill Run, Bells Gap Run, Tipton Run, and Sink Run), a mix of gravel and cobble (South Poplar Run, Dry Gap Run, Glenwhite Run, Sugar Run, Blair Gap Run), and gravel (Poplar Run, Newry).

\n

Daily mean values of gage height were determined, and continuous (30-minute interval) data consisting of specific conductance and water temperature were collected, at four sites; each site showed typical seasonal fluctuations and the effects of precipitation.

\n

Streamflow affected discrete water-quality. Dissolved oxygen always increased with increased streamflow. Most cations (including barium and strontium), along with pH, specific conductance, and total dissolved solids, decreased with greater streamflow, reflecting the dilution effect of moderately acidic surface runoff and precipitation on groundwater discharge (base flow) into the stream channels. Concentrations of trace elements varied by constituent and streamflow.

\n

On the basis of the results of water-quality analyses for the selected constituents, the water quality in 9 of the 12 streams can be considered fair or attaining with no measured constituent exceeding a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency maximum or secondary contaminant level. Abandoned mine drainage (AMD) affects Glenwhite Run, Blair Gap Run, and Sugar Run. For Sugar Run, the AMD is reflected in the elevated iron concentration (greater than 300 micrograms per liter). Manganese concentrations greater than 50 micrograms per liter were measured in Glenwhite Run, Sugar Run, and Blair Gap Run.

\n

A mixing curve based upon chloride/bromide ratios for two end points—precipitation and deicing salts—indicate that deicing salt is migrating to the streams. A similar curve representative of late-emerging flowback water from Marcellus gas wells indicated that the surface-water samples had not been influenced by such brines.

\n

On the basis of the concentration of major ions, the streams in the study area generally had mixed cation and anion compositions. Calcium is the dominant cation in one stream. Carbonate and bicarbonate are the dominant anions for two streams, and sulfate is dominant in three streams. The remaining six streams do not have a dominant ion.

\n

Biotic health was characterized at 10 of 12 stream sites; the two sites excluded were established late in the study period (May 2013) for refinement of water quality in the headwaters of Poplar Run and the location of Marcellus Formation gas wells. On the basis of the Maryland Index of Biotic Integrity (MdIBI) for fish assemblages, 8 of 10 streams can be considered in fair health. Tipton Run had the highest MdIBI score (3.75) and the greatest number of native species. South Poplar Run had the lowest MdIBI score (1.75); pollution tolerant blacknose dace was dominant. On the basis of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection macroinvertebrate index of biotic integrity, 9 of 10 streams were characterized as attaining, with scores as high as 88.9 at Tipton Run. Only Sugar Run was characterized as impaired, with a score of 40.4.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20151173","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Altoona Water Authority and the Blair County Conservation District","usgsCitation":"Low, D.J., Brightbill, R.A., Eggleston, H.L., and Chaplin, J.J., 2016, Physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of selected headwater streams along the Allegheny Front, Blair County, Pennsylvania, July 2011–September 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1173, 66 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151173.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 66 p.; Appendixes 1-3","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-059743","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314565,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1173/ofr20151173.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.07 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2015-1173"},{"id":314564,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1173/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":314566,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1173/ofr20151173_appendix1-surfacewaterquality.xlsx","text":"Appendix 1 - Surface Water Quality","size":"145 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2015-1173"},{"id":314567,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1173/ofr20151173_appendix2-fishassemblages.xlsx","text":"Appendix 2 - Fish Assemblages","size":"92.6 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2015-1173"},{"id":314568,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2015/1173/ofr20151173_appendix3-ibiscore.xlsx","text":"Appendix 3 - Index of Biotic Integrity","size":"21.1 KB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"OFR 2015-1173"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennsylvania","county":"Blair County","otherGeospatial":"Allegheny Front","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -78.35861206054688,\n 40.73581157695217\n ],\n [\n -78.21578979492188,\n 40.677513627085034\n ],\n [\n -78.45474243164062,\n 40.24913603826261\n ],\n [\n -78.62777709960938,\n 40.32665496008367\n ],\n [\n -78.35861206054688,\n 40.73581157695217\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, Pennsylvania Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
215 Limekiln Road
New Cumberland, PA 17070
http://pa.water.usgs.gov/

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"publishedDate":"2016-02-29","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d56bb1e4b015c306f1c128","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Low, Dennis J. djlow@usgs.gov","contributorId":3450,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Low","given":"Dennis","email":"djlow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572662,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brightbill, Robin A. 0000-0003-4683-9656 rabright@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4683-9656","contributorId":618,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brightbill","given":"Robin","email":"rabright@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572663,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eggleston, Heather L. egglesto@usgs.gov","contributorId":4051,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eggleston","given":"Heather L.","email":"egglesto@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":572664,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chaplin, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-0617-5050 jchaplin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0617-5050","contributorId":147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaplin","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jchaplin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":572665,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70177906,"text":"70177906 - 2016 - Influence of vertical and lateral heat transfer on permafrost thaw, peatland landscape transition, and groundwater flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-10T16:14:39","indexId":"70177906","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-26T11:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of vertical and lateral heat transfer on permafrost thaw, peatland landscape transition, and groundwater flow","docAbstract":"

Recent climate change has reduced the spatial extent and thickness of permafrost in many discontinuous permafrost regions. Rapid permafrost thaw is producing distinct landscape changes in the Taiga Plains of the Northwest Territories, Canada. As permafrost bodies underlying forested peat plateaus shrink, the landscape slowly transitions into unforested wetlands. The expansion of wetlands has enhanced the hydrologic connectivity of many watersheds via new surface and near-surface flow paths, and increased streamflow has been observed. Furthermore, the decrease in forested peat plateaus results in a net loss of boreal forest and associated ecosystems. This study investigates fundamental processes that contribute to permafrost thaw by comparing observed and simulated thaw development and landscape transition of a peat plateau-wetland complex in the Northwest Territories, Canada from 1970 to 2012. Measured climate data are first used to drive surface energy balance simulations for the wetland and peat plateau. Near-surface soil temperatures simulated in the surface energy balance model are then applied as the upper boundary condition to a three-dimensional model of subsurface water flow and coupled energy transport with freeze-thaw. Simulation results demonstrate that lateral heat transfer, which is not considered in many permafrost models, can influence permafrost thaw rates. Furthermore, the simulations indicate that landscape evolution arising from permafrost thaw acts as a positive feedback mechanism that increases the energy absorbed at the land surface and produces additional permafrost thaw. The modeling results also demonstrate that flow rates in local groundwater flow systems may be enhanced by the degradation of isolated permafrost bodies.

","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015WR018057","usgsCitation":"Kurylyk, B.L., Hayashi, M., Quinton, W.L., McKenzie, J.M., and Voss, C.I., 2016, Influence of vertical and lateral heat transfer on permafrost thaw, peatland landscape transition, and groundwater flow: Water Resources Research, v. 52, no. 2, p. 1286-1305, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018057.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"1286","endPage":"1305","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071592","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471208,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr018057","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":330403,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Northwest Territories","otherGeospatial":"Scotty Creek","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.53027343749999,\n 60.05935761134086\n ],\n [\n -123.53027343749999,\n 62.63376960786813\n ],\n [\n -119.11376953125,\n 62.63376960786813\n ],\n [\n -119.11376953125,\n 60.05935761134086\n ],\n [\n -123.53027343749999,\n 60.05935761134086\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5811c0f3e4b0f497e79a5a7d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kurylyk, Barret L.","contributorId":176296,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kurylyk","given":"Barret","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayashi, Masaki","contributorId":176832,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hayashi","given":"Masaki","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652149,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quinton, William L.","contributorId":176298,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Quinton","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652150,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McKenzie, Jeffrey M.","contributorId":176299,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKenzie","given":"Jeffrey","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":652151,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":652152,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70162153,"text":"sir20165005 - 2016 - Statistical analysis and mapping of water levels in the Biscayne aquifer, water conservation areas, and Everglades National Park, Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2000–2009","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-14T08:58:36","indexId":"sir20165005","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-25T15:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-5005","title":"Statistical analysis and mapping of water levels in the Biscayne aquifer, water conservation areas, and Everglades National Park, Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2000–2009","docAbstract":"

Statistical analyses and maps representing mean, high, and low water-level conditions in the surface water and groundwater of Miami-Dade County were made by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Miami-Dade County Department of Regulatory and Economic Resources, to help inform decisions necessary for urban planning and development. Sixteen maps were created that show contours of (1) the mean of daily water levels at each site during October and May for the 2000–2009 water years; (2) the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles of the daily water levels at each site during October and May and for all months during 2000–2009; and (3) the differences between mean October and May water levels, as well as the differences in the percentiles of water levels for all months, between 1990–1999 and 2000–2009. The 80th, 90th, and 96th percentiles of the annual maximums of daily groundwater levels during 1974–2009 (a 35-year period) were computed to provide an indication of unusually high groundwater-level conditions. These maps and statistics provide a generalized understanding of the variations of water levels in the aquifer, rather than a survey of concurrent water levels. Water-level measurements from 473 sites in Miami-Dade County and surrounding counties were analyzed to generate statistical analyses. The monitored water levels included surface-water levels in canals and wetland areas and groundwater levels in the Biscayne aquifer.

\n

Maps were created by importing site coordinates, summary water-level statistics, and completeness of record statistics into a geographic information system, and by interpolating between water levels at monitoring sites in the canals and water levels along the coastline. Raster surfaces were created from these data by using the triangular irregular network interpolation method. The raster surfaces were contoured by using geographic information system software. These contours were imprecise in some areas because the software could not fully evaluate the hydrology given available information; therefore, contours were manually modified where necessary. The ability to evaluate differences in water levels between 1990–1999 and 2000–2009 is limited in some areas because most of the monitoring sites did not have 80 percent complete records for one or both of these periods. The quality of the analyses was limited by (1) deficiencies in spatial coverage; (2) the combination of pre- and post-construction water levels in areas where canals, levees, retention basins, detention basins, or water-control structures were installed or removed; (3) an inability to address the potential effects of the vertical hydraulic head gradient on water levels in wells of different depths; and (4) an inability to correct for the differences between daily water-level statistics. Contours are dashed in areas where the locations of contours have been approximated because of the uncertainty caused by these limitations. Although the ability of the maps to depict differences in water levels between 1990–1999 and 2000–2009 was limited by missing data, results indicate that near the coast water levels were generally higher in May during 2000–2009 than during 1990–1999; and that inland water levels were generally lower during 2000–2009 than during 1990–1999. Generally, the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentiles of water levels from all months were also higher near the coast and lower inland during 2000–2009 than during 1990–1999. Mean October water levels during 2000–2009 were generally higher than during 1990–1999 in much of western Miami-Dade County, but were lower in a large part of eastern Miami-Dade County.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165005","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Miami-Dade County Department of Regulatory and Economic Resources","usgsCitation":"Prinos, S.T., and Dixon, J.F., 2016, Statistical analysis and mapping of water levels in the Biscayne aquifer, water conservation areas, and Everglades National Park, Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2000–2009: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5005, 42 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165005.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 42 p.; 16 Plates: 23.00 x 30.00 inches or smaller; Appendix; Companion File","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-053912","costCenters":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. 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Florida"},{"id":318333,"rank":12,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5005/plates/sir20165005_plate9.pdf","size":"4.99 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5005","linkHelpText":"50th Percentile of Water Levels From All Months During the 2000–2009 Water Years, Miami-Dade County, Florida"},{"id":318276,"rank":3,"type":{"id":7,"text":"Companion Files"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7M61H9W","text":"Data, Statistics, and Geographic Information System Files,","description":"SIR 2016-5005","linkHelpText":"Pertaining to Mapping of Water Levels in the Biscayne Aquifer, Water Conservation Areas, and Everglades National Park, Miami-Dade County, Florida, 2000-2009 - Scientific data associated with USGS SIR 2015-5005"},{"id":318336,"rank":15,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5005/plates/sir20165005_plate12.pdf","size":"4.86 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5005","linkHelpText":"Difference in May Mean Water Levels From the Water-year Periods 1990–99 and 2000–2009, Miami-Dade County, Florida"},{"id":318325,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5005/plates/sir20165005_plate1.pdf","size":"5.26 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5005","linkHelpText":"Mean of May Water Levels During the 2000–2009 Water Years, Miami-Dade County, Florida"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Miami-Dade","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-80.7769,25.9793],[-80.1236,25.9748],[-80.4387,25.1799],[-80.8621,25.2431],[-80.873,25.9795],[-80.7769,25.9793]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Miami-Dade\",\"state\":\"FL\"}}]}","contact":"

Director, Florida Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
4446 Pet Lane, Suite 108
Lutz, FL 3355
http://fl.water.usgs.gov/

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"publishedDate":"2016-02-25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d025a9e4b015c306ede477","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Prinos, Scott T. 0000-0002-5776-8956 stprinos@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5776-8956","contributorId":4045,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prinos","given":"Scott","email":"stprinos@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":156,"text":"Caribbean Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dixon, Joann F. 0000-0001-9200-6407 jdixon@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9200-6407","contributorId":1756,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dixon","given":"Joann","email":"jdixon@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":269,"text":"FLWSC-Ft. Lauderdale","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5051,"text":"FLWSC-Orlando","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":588702,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70162310,"text":"sir20165007 - 2016 - Water use in the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia, 2010, and water-use trends, 1985-2010","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-18T13:23:19","indexId":"sir20165007","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-25T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-5007","title":"Water use in the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia, 2010, and water-use trends, 1985-2010","docAbstract":"

The Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) River Basin encompasses about 20,230 square miles in parts of Alabama, Florida, and Georgia. Increasing population growth and agricultural production from the 1970s to 2010 has prompted increases in water-resources development and substantially increased water demand in the basin. Since the 1980s, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers are parties to litigation concerning water management in the ACF River Basin.

\n

Estimating the 2010 water use in the ACF River Basin is one aspect of a multipart water resources study on the ACF River Basin that began in 2011. This ACF River Basin study is one focus area of the U.S. Geological Survey’s National Water Census program. The 2010 water-use estimates for the ACF River Basin are presented in this report. These estimates include an inventory of the quantity and sources of water withdrawn by category of use and location (State and river basin), and the surface-water returns in the ACF River Basin during 2010. Water-use trends from 1985 to 2010 in the basin also are presented. Offstream water-withdrawal data in the ACF River Basin are presented for each of the following categories: public supply, self-supplied domestic, self-supplied commercial, industrial, mining, agricultural (including crop irrigation, livestock, and aquaculture uses), and thermoelectric-power generation. Water-use data are compiled for the 14 subbasins in the ACF River Basin. For the counties in Alabama, Florida, and Georgia that are partially within the ACF River Basin, data are presented for only that part of the county that lies within the basin. A variety of Federal, State, local, private, and online sources in Alabama, Florida, and Georgia were used to gather surface-water and groundwater withdrawal, surface-water discharges (return flows), and water-use data for the ACF River Basin in 2010.

\n

The population in the ACF River Basin was 3.835 million in 2010, a 45-percent increase from the 1990 population of nearly 2.636 million. About 92 percent of the 2010 ACF population resided in Georgia with nearly 75 percent living in the Atlanta metropolitan area. In 2010, 1,645 million gallons per day (Mgal/d) of water were withdrawn from groundwater (576 Mgal/d) and surface-water (1,069 Mgal/d) sources in the ACF River Basin. About 89 percent of the groundwater and 83 percent of the surface-water withdrawals were from Georgia. About 5.6 percent of the total groundwater and nearly 4 percent of the total surface-water withdrawals in the ACF River Basin were from Florida, whereas about 5.3 percent of groundwater and nearly 16 percent of surface water were withdrawn in Alabama. Total water use (withdrawals plus public-supplied deliveries) in the ACF River Basin was 1,593 Mgal/d in 2010. About 56 Mgal/d of water withdrawn in the ACF River Basin was delivered (interbasin transfer) to basins beyond the ACF River Basin. About 564 Mgal/d of water was returned to surface-water bodies in the ACF River Basin. Most of that amount, 63 percent, was treated wastewater discharged by public wastewater-treatment facilities. Water used for once-through cooling by thermoelectric-power facilities accounted for nearly 24 percent of the surface-water returns in the basin.

\n

About 70 percent of all water withdrawals in the ACF River Basin were by self-supplied agricultural water users and public water suppliers. Agricultural withdrawals were greatest in the Flint River Basin (501 Mgal/d) with ground-water representing 84 percent of the withdrawals from that basin. Within the Flint River Basin, agricultural withdrawals were greatest in the Lower Flint River and Spring Creek subbasins. About 3.52 million people were served by public water suppliers in the ACF River Basin during 2010, and 88 percent of that population used surface water. Georgia had the largest public-supplied population, representing nearly 93 percent (3.17 million) of the public-supplied population in the ACF River Basin. Public water suppliers served 193,700 people (5.7 percent) in Alabama and 31,880 people in Florida (1.3 percent). Public-supply losses were estimated at 101 Mgal/d.

\n

Withdrawals for public supply (483 Mgal/d) and self-supplied industry (141 Mgal/d) were greatest in the Chattahoochee River Basin. Surface water accounted for 96 percent of all withdrawals in the Chattahoochee River Basin. Withdrawals for public supply were greatest in the Upper Chattahoochee River subbasin (366 Mgal/d), whereas self-supplied industrial withdrawals were greatest in the Lower Chattahoochee River subbasin (110 Mgal/d).

\n

Water-use trends in the ACF River Basin have varied during the 25 years between 1985 and 2010. Surface-water withdrawals declined between 1985 and 2000, sharply increased in 2000, and declined again between 2000 and 2010. In contrast, groundwater withdrawals increased between 1985 and 2000, declined in 2005, and increased between 2005 and 2010.

","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165007","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the National Water Census Program","usgsCitation":"Lawrence, S.J., 2016, Water use in the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin, Alabama, Florida, and Georgia, 2010, and water-use trends,
1985–2010: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5007, 72 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165007.","productDescription":"viii, 72 p.","numberOfPages":"84","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060434","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318316,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5007/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":318317,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5007/sir20165007.pdf","text":"Report","size":"6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5007"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Georgia","otherGeospatial":"Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -84.1552734375,\n 30.107117887092382\n ],\n [\n -84.8583984375,\n 30.600093873550072\n ],\n [\n -84.74853515625,\n 30.78903675126116\n ],\n [\n -84.17724609375,\n 31.147006308556566\n ],\n [\n -83.4521484375,\n 31.87755764334002\n ],\n [\n -83.47412109375,\n 32.26855544621479\n ],\n [\n -84.35302734375,\n 33.779147331286474\n ],\n [\n -83.671875,\n 34.52466147177172\n ],\n [\n -83.408203125,\n 34.75966612466248\n ],\n [\n -83.56201171875,\n 34.88593094075317\n ],\n [\n -83.8916015625,\n 34.79576153473033\n ],\n [\n -84.19921875,\n 34.542762387234845\n ],\n [\n -84.35302734375,\n 34.30714385628804\n ],\n [\n -84.72656249999999,\n 34.052659421375964\n ],\n [\n -85.078125,\n 33.88865750124075\n ],\n [\n -85.36376953125,\n 33.61461929233378\n ],\n [\n -85.6494140625,\n 33.02708758002874\n ],\n [\n -85.6494140625,\n 32.56533316084101\n ],\n [\n -85.60546875,\n 32.13840869677251\n ],\n [\n -85.4736328125,\n 31.914867503276223\n ],\n [\n -85.31982421875,\n 31.57853542647338\n ],\n [\n -85.3857421875,\n 31.259769987394286\n ],\n [\n -85.4736328125,\n 30.86451022625836\n ],\n [\n -85.4296875,\n 30.240086360983426\n ],\n [\n -85.20996093749999,\n 29.649868677972304\n ],\n [\n -84.61669921875,\n 29.821582720575016\n ],\n [\n -84.1552734375,\n 30.107117887092382\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"

Director, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210
http://www.usgs.gov/water/southatlantic/

","tableOfContents":"","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"publishedDate":"2016-02-25","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d025b1e4b015c306ede47e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lawrence, Stephen J. slawrenc@usgs.gov","contributorId":1885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Stephen","email":"slawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":316,"text":"Georgia Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":589188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70170115,"text":"70170115 - 2016 - Groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-07-31T13:07:34","indexId":"70170115","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"title":"Groundwater","docAbstract":"

Introduction

\n

Groundwater represents the terrestrial subsurface component of the hydrologic cycle. As such, groundwater is generally in motion, moving from elevated areas of recharge to lower areas of discharge. Groundwater usually moves in accordance with Darcy’s law (Dalmont, Paris: Les Fontaines Publiques de la Ville de Dijon, 1856). Groundwater residence times can be under a day in small upland catchments to over a million years in subcontinental-sized desert basins. The broadest definition of groundwater includes water in the unsaturated zone, considered briefly here. Water chemically bound to minerals, as in gypsum (CaSO4 • 2H2O) or hydrated clays, cannot flow in response to gradients in total hydraulic head (pressure head plus elevation head); such water is thus usually excluded from consideration as groundwater. In 1940, M. King Hubbert showed Darcy’s law to be a special case of thermodynamically based potential field equations governing fluid motion, thereby establishing groundwater hydraulics as a rigorous engineering science (Journal of Geology 48, pp. 785–944). The development of computer-enabled numerical methods for solving the field equations with real-world approximating geometries and boundary conditions in the mid-1960s ushered in the era of digital groundwater modeling. An estimated 30 percent of global fresh water is groundwater, compared to 0.3 percent that is surface water, 0.04 percent atmospheric water, and 70 percent that exists as ice, including permafrost (Shiklomanov and Rodda 2004, cited under Groundwater Occurrence). Groundwater thus constitutes the vast majority—over 98 percent—of the unfrozen fresh-water resources of the planet, excluding surface-water reservoirs. Environmental dimensions of groundwater are equally large, receiving attention on multiple disciplinary fronts. Riparian, streambed, and spring-pool habitats can be sensitively dependent on the amount and quality of groundwater inputs that modulate temperature and solutes, including nutrients and dissolved oxygen. Groundwater withdrawals can negatively impact riparian habitats by depriving ecosystems of adequate fresh water and fragmenting communities when streams go dry. Biochemical reactions in shallow groundwater can remove anthropogenically elevated nitrogen compounds and reduce—but only to a point—the greening of waterways and shorelines with periphyton and harmful algal blooms. Groundwater extraction for beneficial use is increasingly limited by water-quality constraints imposed by naturally occurring and introduced substances. Overdrafting can cause land-surface subsidence, damaging buildings and roads and disrupting canals, sewers, and other gravity-flow conveyances. Increases in groundwater levels can cause soil salinization in dry regions and erosive sapping and flooding in wet regions. Coastal saltwater intrusion, groundwater flooding, salinization associated with groundwater-irrigated agriculture, induced seismicity from injected wastes, and the detrimental impacts of groundwater depletion are among the major environmental challenges of our time.

","largerWorkTitle":"Oxford Bibliographies in Environmental Science","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/obo/9780199363445-0053","usgsCitation":"Stonestrom, D.A., 2016, Groundwater, chap. of Oxford Bibliographies in Environmental Science, HTML document, https://doi.org/10.1093/obo/9780199363445-0053.","productDescription":"HTML document","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068189","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320010,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"570e1c32e4b0ef3b7ca24c2d","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Wohl, Ellen E.","contributorId":16969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wohl","given":"Ellen","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":626576,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Stonestrom, David A. 0000-0001-7883-3385 dastones@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7883-3385","contributorId":2280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stonestrom","given":"David","email":"dastones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626222,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70168686,"text":"70168686 - 2016 - A full annual cycle modeling framework for American black ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-24T14:30:05","indexId":"70168686","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-24T15:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2827,"text":"Natural Resource Modeling","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A full annual cycle modeling framework for American black ducks","docAbstract":"

American black ducks (Anas rubripes) are a harvested, international migratory waterfowl species in eastern North America. Despite an extended period of restrictive harvest regulations, the black duck population is still below the population goal identified in the North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP). It has been hypothesized that density-dependent factors restrict population growth in the black duck population and that habitat management (increases, improvements, etc.) may be a key component of growing black duck populations and reaching the prescribed NAWMP population goal. Using banding data from 1951 to 2011 and breeding population survey data from 1990 to 2014, we developed a full annual cycle population model for the American black duck. This model uses the seven management units as set by the Black Duck Joint Venture, allows movement into and out of each unit during each season, and models survival and fecundity for each region separately. We compare model population trajectories with observed population data and abundance estimates from the breeding season counts to show the accuracy of this full annual cycle model. With this model, we then show how to simulate the effects of habitat management on the continental black duck population.

","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/nrm.12088","usgsCitation":"Robinson, O.J., McGowan, C.P., Devers, P.K., Brook, R.W., Huang, M., Jones, M., McAuley, D.G., and Zimmerman, G.S., 2016, A full annual cycle modeling framework for American black ducks: Natural Resource Modeling, v. 29, no. 1, p. 159-174, https://doi.org/10.1111/nrm.12088.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"174","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068504","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318368,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"29","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-01-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ced42de4b015c306ec2fdc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robinson, Orin J.","contributorId":167172,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Robinson","given":"Orin","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":33694,"text":"School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McGowan, Conor P. 0000-0002-7330-9581 cmcgowan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7330-9581","contributorId":167162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGowan","given":"Conor","email":"cmcgowan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":621264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Devers, Patrick K.","contributorId":167173,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Devers","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brook, Rodney W.","contributorId":92083,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brook","given":"Rodney","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huang, Min","contributorId":167174,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huang","given":"Min","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Jones, Malcom","contributorId":167175,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Malcom","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"McAuley, Daniel G. dmcauley@usgs.gov","contributorId":5377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAuley","given":"Daniel","email":"dmcauley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":621312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Zimmerman, Guthrie S.","contributorId":42473,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Zimmerman","given":"Guthrie","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ]}