Two phases (pink and white granite) of the Sebago batholith of southwestern Maine have been dated by the U-Pb zircon method. Identical upper concordia intercepts of both rocks indicate an intrusive age of 325 ± 3 m.y. for the batholith. The lower intercept of the pink-phase sample, 114 ± 13 m.y., is inferred to represent episodic lead loss due to the intrusion of the nearby Cretaceous Pleasant Mountain stock. The lower intercept of the white-phase sample, 18 ± 21 m.y., suggests only modern dilatancy lead loss. Monazites have ages of 272 m.y. (pink) and 282 m.y. (white) which are thought to be cooling ages. Rb-Sr whole-rock data have low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.7031 (pink) and 0.7053 (white). These data, in conjunction with published 40Ar/39Ar, Rb-Sr, K-Ar, and fission-track ages, suggest that little or no uplift occurred in this part of New England until the Permian and that the uplift rate from 275 m.y. to 225 m.y. was ∼3 times as rapid as was the rate for 225 m.y. to the present. The Carboniferous age of the Sebago batholith suggests that currently accepted metamorphic and tectonic interpretations for southwestern Maine and for east-central New Hampshire require revision.
Conventional analyses of exploration geochemical data assume that the background is a constant or slowly changing value, equivalent to a plane or a smoothly curved surface. However, it is better to regard the geochemical background as a rugged surface, varying with changes in geology and environment. This rugged surface can be estimated from observed geological, geochemical and environmental properties by using multivariate statistics.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(85)90046-9","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Zhou, D., 1985, Adjustment of geochemical background by robust multivariate statistics: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 24, no. 2, p. 207-222, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(85)90046-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"222","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220116,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6f6e4b0c8380cd4775b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zhou, D.","contributorId":98037,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zhou","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70012966,"text":"70012966 - 1985 - Mesozoic ash-flow caldera fragments in southeastern Arizona and their relation to porphyry copper deposits","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-30T12:20:57.212464","indexId":"70012966","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mesozoic ash-flow caldera fragments in southeastern Arizona and their relation to porphyry copper deposits","docAbstract":"Jurassic and Upper Cretaceous volcanic and associated granitic rocks in southeast Arizona are remnants of large composite silicic volcanic fields, characterized by voluminous ash-flow tuffs and associated calderas. Presence of 10–15 large caldera fragments is inferred primarily from (1) ash-flow deposits more than 1 km thick, having features of intracaldera ponding; (2) “exotic-block” breccias within a tuff matrix, interpreted as caldera-collapse megabreccias; and (3) local granitic intrusions along arcuate structural boundaries of the thick volcanic sequences. Several porphyry copper deposits are associated with late granitic intrusions within the calderas or along their margins.
This area includes three of the main tectonic units of the Arabian Shield: the Afif continental terrain, the Nabitah suture with its associated mobile belt, and the Asir ensimatic arc terrain. U/Pb zircon data from a pelitic garnet-sillimanite gneiss show that the Kabib formation in the S of the Afif terrain may be as old as 1770 m.y. Pb and Rb/Sr isotopic data in the Zalm region reveal a change in the nature of the underlying crust, from continental basement in the NE to less radiogenic marginal arc rocks in the SW. Miogeosynclinal continental shelf facies of the Siham group lie unconformably over the Kabid formation. U/Pb zircon age determinations show that this 'Andean' continental margin developed before approx 720 m.y. and the emplacement of calc-alkaline plutonic rocks continued until approx 690 m.y. During the period 685-640 m.y. the continental Afif microplate collided with the Asir terrain as part of the Nabitah orogeny. At approx 640 m.y. age the Najd strike-slip faulting commenced, with a dextral phase that controlled emplacement of granite plutons as well as the development of large pull-apart grabens. Some of the latter were floored by new oceanic crust and filled with volcanosedimentary rocks of the Bani Ghayy group.-R.A.H.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of the Geological Society","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of London","publisherLocation":"London, England","doi":"10.1144/gsjgs.142.6.1189","issn":"00167649","usgsCitation":"Stacey, J.S., and Agar, R., 1985, U-Pb isotopic evidence for the accretion of a continental microplate in the Zalm region of the Saudi Arabian Shield.: Journal of the Geological Society, v. 142, no. 6, p. 1189-1203, https://doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.142.6.1189.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"1189","endPage":"1203","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222049,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Saudi Arabia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 35,\n 28\n ],\n [\n 35,\n 16\n ],\n [\n 45,\n 16\n ],\n [\n 45,\n 28\n ],\n [\n 35,\n 28\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"142","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb9cfe4b08c986b327e14","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stacey, J. S.","contributorId":72785,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stacey","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Agar, R.A.","contributorId":13645,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Agar","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012961,"text":"70012961 - 1985 - Intraband radiometric performance of the Landsat Thematic Mappers.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:02","indexId":"70012961","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Intraband radiometric performance of the Landsat Thematic Mappers.","docAbstract":"Radiometric characteristics have been examined of the Landsat-4 and Landsat-5 Thematic Mappers (TMs) that can be established without absolute calibration of spectral data. This analysis is based on radiometrically and geometrically raw (B-type) data of both uniform (flat-field) and high-contrast scenes. Subscenes selected for uniform radiance were used to characterized subtle radiometric differences and noise problems. Although the general performance of the Thematic Mappers is excellent, various anomalies that have a magnitude of a few digital levels (DN) or less are quantified. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Kieffer, H.H., Cook, D., Eliason, E.M., and Eliason, P., 1985, Intraband radiometric performance of the Landsat Thematic Mappers.: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 51, no. 9, p. 1331-1350.","startPage":"1331","endPage":"1350","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222046,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"51","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3dbfe4b0c8380cd637f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kieffer, H. H.","contributorId":40725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kieffer","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cook, D.A.","contributorId":30364,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cook","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eliason, E. M.","contributorId":93113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eliason","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364944,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Eliason, P.T.","contributorId":58777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eliason","given":"P.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70014061,"text":"70014061 - 1985 - Anomalous hydrogen emissions from the San Andreas fault observed at the Cienega Winery, central California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:19:29","indexId":"70014061","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3209,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Anomalous hydrogen emissions from the San Andreas fault observed at the Cienega Winery, central California","docAbstract":"We began continuous monitoring of H2 concentration in soil along the San Andreas and Calaveras faults in central California in December 1980, using small H2/O2 fuel-cell sensors. Ten monitoring stations deployed to date have shown that anomalous H2 emissions take place occasionally in addition to diurnal changes. Among the ten sites, the Cienega Winery site has produced data that are characterized by very small diurnal changes, a stable baseline, and remarkably distinct spike-like H2 anomalies since its installation in July 1982. A major peak appeared on 1-10 November 1982, and another on 3 April 1983, and a medium peak on 1 November 1983. The occurrences of these peaks coincided with periods of very low seismicity within a radius of 50 km from the site. In order to methodically assess how these peaks are related to earthquakes, three H2 degassing models were examined. A plausible correlational pattern was obtained by using a model that (1) adopts a hemicircular spreading pattern of H2 along an incipient fracture plane from the hypocenter of an earthquake, (2) relies on the FeO-H2O reaction for H2 generation, and (3) relates the accumulated amount of H2 to the mass of serpentinization of underlying ophiolitic rocks; the mass was tentatively assumed to be proportional to the seismic energy of the earthquake. ?? 1985 Birkha??user Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Birkha??user-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00874606","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Sato, M., Sutton, A.J., and McGee, K., 1985, Anomalous hydrogen emissions from the San Andreas fault observed at the Cienega Winery, central California: Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, v. 122, no. 2-4, p. 376-391, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874606.","startPage":"376","endPage":"391","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205627,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874606"},{"id":225420,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"122","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec48e4b0c8380cd49188","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sato, M.","contributorId":50201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sato","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sutton, A. J. 0000-0003-1902-3977","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1902-3977","contributorId":28983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sutton","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McGee, K.A.","contributorId":6059,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012947,"text":"70012947 - 1985 - YELLOWSTONE MAGMATIC-HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM, U. S. A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:44","indexId":"70012947","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"YELLOWSTONE MAGMATIC-HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM, U. S. A.","docAbstract":"At Yellowstone National Park, the deep permeability and fluid circulation are probably controlled and maintained by repeated brittle fracture of rocks in response to local and regional stress. Focal depths of earthquakes beneath the Yellowstone caldera suggest that the transition from brittle fracture to quasi-plastic flow takes place at about 3 to 4 km. The maximum temperature likely to be attained by the hydrothermal system is 350 to 450 degree C, the convective thermal output is about 5. 5 multiplied by 10**9 watts, and the minimum average thermal flux is about 1800 mW/m**2 throughout 2,500 km**2. The average thermal gradient between the heat source and the convecting hydrothermal system must be at least 700 to 1000 degree C/km. Crystallization and partial cooling of about 0. 082 km**3 of basalt or 0. 10 km**3 of rhyolite annually could furnish the heat discharged in the hot-spring system. The Yellowstone magmatic-hydrothermal system as a whole appears to be cooling down, in spite of a relatively large rate of inflation of the Yellowstone caldera.","conferenceTitle":"1985 International Symposium on Geothermal Energy, International Volume.","language":"English","publisher":"Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, USA","isbn":"093441288X","usgsCitation":"Fournier, R., and Pitt, A., 1985, YELLOWSTONE MAGMATIC-HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM, U. S. A., 1985 International Symposium on Geothermal Energy, International Volume., p. 319-327.","startPage":"319","endPage":"327","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222754,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd200e4b08c986b32f620","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Stone Claudia","contributorId":128295,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Stone Claudia","id":536259,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Fournier, R.O.","contributorId":73584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fournier","given":"R.O.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pitt, A.D.","contributorId":41440,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pitt","given":"A.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003077,"text":"1003077 - 1985 - Effects of wildlife of ethyl and methyl parathion applied to California USA rice fields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:48","indexId":"1003077","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1153,"text":"California Fish and Game","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of wildlife of ethyl and methyl parathion applied to California USA rice fields","docAbstract":"Selected rice fields on the Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Complex were aerially sprayed one time during May or June 1982 with either ethyl (0.11 kg Al/ha) or methyl (0.84 kg AI/ha) parathion for control of tadpole shrimp, Triops longicaudatus. No sick or dead vertebrate wildlife were found or adjacent to the treated rice fields after spraying. Specimens of the following birds and mammals were assayed for brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity to determine exposure to either form of parathion; house mouse, Mus musculus; black-tailed jackrabbit, Lepus californicus; mallard, Anas platyrhynchos; ring-necked pheasant, Phasianus colchicus; American coot, Fulica americana; and red-winged blackbird, Agelaius phoeniceus. Both mice and pheasants from methyl parathion-treated fields had overall mean ChE activities that were significantly (P < 0.05) inhibited compared with controls, and 7, 40, 54 and 57% of individual blackbirds, pheasant, mice, and coots, respectively, had inhibited brain ChE activities (i.e., less than -2 SD of control mean). Although no overall species effect was detected for ethyl parathoid treatment, pheasants (43%), coots (33%), and mice (37%) had significantly inhibited brain ChE activities. Neither of the parathion treatment appeared acutely hazardous to wildlife in or adjacent to rice fields, but sufficient information on potential hazards was obtained to warrant caution in use of these chemicals, especially methyl parathion, in rice fields.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"California Fish and Game","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Custer, T., Hill, E.F., and Ohlendorf, H.M., 1985, Effects of wildlife of ethyl and methyl parathion applied to California USA rice fields: California Fish and Game, v. 71, no. 4, p. 220-224.","productDescription":"pp. 220-224","startPage":"220","endPage":"224","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133873,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"71","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60fb4e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, T. W. 0000-0003-3170-6519","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":91802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"T. W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, E. F.","contributorId":14362,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ohlendorf, H. M.","contributorId":28194,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ohlendorf","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012944,"text":"70012944 - 1985 - Significance of the Goniatite Bilinguites eliasi and Associated Biotas, Parkwood Formation and Bangor Limestone, Northwestern Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-01T22:19:53.16173","indexId":"70012944","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2412,"text":"Journal of Paleontology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Significance of the Goniatite Bilinguites eliasi and Associated Biotas, Parkwood Formation and Bangor Limestone, Northwestern Alabama","docAbstract":"The Bangor Limestone contains conodonts, smaller calcareous foraminifers, and a sparse marine macrofauna dating it as late or latest Chesterian (Late Mississippian). The Parkwood Formation, a paralic sequence disconformably overlying the Bangor, has yielded a fauna containing the reticuloceratid ammonoid Bilinguites eliasi Manger and Saunders which permits correlation of the Parkwood Formation in north-western Alabama to the upper part of the Prairie Grove Member of the Hale Formation in the type Morrowan sequence. The macrofauna occurring with the ammonoid, supports this correlation. Bilinguites eliasi also alows correlation with the lower part of the Yeadonian Stage (lowest Namurian 'C') of Europe. Florules collected just below and above the goniatite occurrence in Frankling County correlate with those in the lower two-thirds of the New River Formation, southern West Virgina, and with the upper Namurian of western Europe. -from Authors","language":"English","publisher":"SEPM Society for Sedimentary Geology","issn":"00223360","usgsCitation":"Henry, T.W., Gordon, M., Schweinfurth, S., and Gillespie, W., 1985, Significance of the Goniatite Bilinguites eliasi and Associated Biotas, Parkwood Formation and Bangor Limestone, Northwestern Alabama: Journal of Paleontology, v. 59, no. 5, p. 1138-1145.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1138","endPage":"1145","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":430687,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.jstor.org/stable/1305007"},{"id":222751,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8f1ee4b08c986b318d35","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henry, T. W.","contributorId":81904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gordon, M. Jr.","contributorId":34260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gordon","given":"M.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schweinfurth, S. P.","contributorId":82288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schweinfurth","given":"S. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gillespie, W.H.","contributorId":10804,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gillespie","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364901,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70009914,"text":"70009914 - 1985 - Results of interlaboratory comparison of fission-track age standards: Fission-track workshop-1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-06T20:02:08","indexId":"70009914","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2913,"text":"Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements (1982)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Results of interlaboratory comparison of fission-track age standards: Fission-track workshop-1984","docAbstract":"Five samples were made available as standards for the 1984 Fission Track Workshop held in the summer of 1984 (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York). Two zircons, two apatites and a sphene were distributed prior to the meeting to 40 different laboratories. To date, 24 different analysts have reported results. The isotopic ages of the standards ranged from 16.8 to 98.7 Myr. Only the statement that the age of each sample was less than 200 Myr was provided with the set of standards distributed. Consequently, each laboratory was required to use their laboratory's accepted treatment (irradiation level, etching conditions, counting conditions, etc.) for these samples. The results show that some workers have serious problems in achieving accurate age determinations. This emphasizes the need to calibrate experimental techniques and counting procedures against age standards before unknown ages are determined. Any fission-track age determination published or submitted for publication can only be considered reliable if it is supported by evidence of consistent determinations on age standards. Only this can provide the scientific community with the background to build up confidence concerning the validity of the fission-track method. ?? 1985.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements (1982)","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0735-245X(85)90127-9","issn":"0735245X","usgsCitation":"Miller, D.S., Duddy, I., Green, P., Hurford, A., and Naeser, C.W., 1985, Results of interlaboratory comparison of fission-track age standards: Fission-track workshop-1984: Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements (1982), v. 10, no. 3, p. 383-391, https://doi.org/10.1016/0735-245X(85)90127-9.","startPage":"383","endPage":"391","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218687,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268860,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-245X(85)90127-9"}],"volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aab68e4b0c8380cd86814","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Miller, D. 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W.","contributorId":17582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naeser","given":"C.","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70009927,"text":"70009927 - 1985 - Preliminary evaluation of the landsat-4 thematic mapper data for mineral exploration","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-20T20:48:57","indexId":"70009927","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":661,"text":"Advances in Space Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Preliminary evaluation of the landsat-4 thematic mapper data for mineral exploration","docAbstract":"Landsat-4 Thematic Mapper (TM) data recorded over an arid terrain were analyzed to determine the applicability of using of TM data for identifying and mapping hydrothermally altered, potentially mineralized rocks. Clays, micas, and other minerals bearing the OH anion in specific crystal lattice positions have absorption bands in the 2.2-??m region (TM channel 7, TM7) and commonly lack features in the 1.6-??m region (TM5). Channel ratios TM5/TM7, TM5/TM4, and TM3/TM1 were combined into a color-ratio-composite (CRC) image and used to distinguish hydrothermally altered rocks, unaltered rocks, and vegetation. These distinctions are made possible by using the TM5 and TM7, channels which are not available in the Landsat multispectral scanner (MSS). Digital masking was used to eliminate ambiguities due to water and shadows. However, some ambiguities in identification resulted between altered volcanic rocks and unaltered sedimentary deposits that contained clays, carbonates, and gypsum, and between altered volcanic rocks and volcanic tuffs diagenetically altered to zeolites. However, compared to MSS data, TM data should greatly improve the ability to map hydrothermally altered rocks in arid terrains. ?? 1985.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Space Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0273-1177(85)90252-2","issn":"02731177","usgsCitation":"Podwysocki, M.H., Power, M., and Jones, O.D., 1985, Preliminary evaluation of the landsat-4 thematic mapper data for mineral exploration: Advances in Space Research, v. 5, no. 5, p. 13-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(85)90252-2.","startPage":"13","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218922,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267875,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(85)90252-2"}],"volume":"5","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a840de4b0c8380cd7c2a2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Podwysocki, M. H.","contributorId":70391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Podwysocki","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357475,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Power, M.S.","contributorId":102896,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Power","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, O. D.","contributorId":42700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357474,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013366,"text":"70013366 - 1985 - INTRABAND RADIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE OF THE LANDSAT 4 THEMATIC MAPPER.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:37","indexId":"70013366","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"INTRABAND RADIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE OF THE LANDSAT 4 THEMATIC MAPPER.","docAbstract":"This preliminary report examines those radiometric characteristics of the Landsat 4 Thematic Mapper (TM) that can be established without absolute calibration of spectral data. Analysis is based largely on radiometrically raw (B type) data of three daytime and two nighttime scenes; in most scenes, a set of 512 lines were examined on an individual-detector basis. Subscenes selected for uniform-radiance were used to characterize subtle radiometric differences and noise problems.","largerWorkTitle":"NASA Conference Publication","conferenceTitle":"Landsat-4 Science Characterization Early Results.","conferenceLocation":"Greenbelt, MD, USA","language":"English","publisher":"NASA Scientific & Technical Information Branch","publisherLocation":"Washington, DC, USA","issn":"01917811","usgsCitation":"Kieffer, H.H., Eliason, E.M., and Chavez, P.S., 1985, INTRABAND RADIOMETRIC PERFORMANCE OF THE LANDSAT 4 THEMATIC MAPPER., in NASA Conference Publication, Greenbelt, MD, USA.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220305,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a37d3e4b0c8380cd611cf","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Barker John L.","contributorId":128362,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Barker John L.","id":536268,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Kieffer, Hugh H.","contributorId":41137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kieffer","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Eliason, Eric M.","contributorId":21280,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eliason","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365910,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Chavez, Pat S. Jr.","contributorId":39870,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chavez","given":"Pat","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365911,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013364,"text":"70013364 - 1985 - PRESENT STATUS OF RESEARCH IN DEBRIS FLOW MODELING.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:37","indexId":"70013364","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"PRESENT STATUS OF RESEARCH IN DEBRIS FLOW MODELING.","docAbstract":"A viable rheological model should consist of both a time-independent part and a time-dependent part. A generalized viscoplastic fluid model that has both parts as well as two major rheological properties (i. e. , the normal stress effect and soil yield criteria) is shown to be sufficiently accurate, yet practical, for general use in debris flow modeling. Other rheological models, such as the Bingham plastic fluid model and the so-called Coulomb-viscous model, are compared in terms of the generalized viscoplastic fluid model.","conferenceTitle":"Hydraulics and Hydrology in the Small Computer Age, Proceedings of the Specialty Conference.","conferenceLocation":"Lake Buena Vista, FL, USA","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","isbn":"0872624749","usgsCitation":"Chen, C., 1985, PRESENT STATUS OF RESEARCH IN DEBRIS FLOW MODELING., Hydraulics and Hydrology in the Small Computer Age, Proceedings of the Specialty Conference., Lake Buena Vista, FL, USA, p. 733-741.","startPage":"733","endPage":"741","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7375e4b0c8380cd7704d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chen, Cheng-lung","contributorId":30752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"Cheng-lung","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365906,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70009928,"text":"70009928 - 1985 - Global geologic mapping of Mars: The western equatorial region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-20T20:50:01","indexId":"70009928","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":661,"text":"Advances in Space Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Global geologic mapping of Mars: The western equatorial region","docAbstract":"Global geologic mapping of Mars was originally accomplished following acquisition of orbital spacecraft images from the Mariner 9 mission. The mapping program represented a joint enterprise by the U.S. Geological Survey and other planetary scientists from universities in the United States and Europe. Many of the Mariner photographs had low resolution or poor albedo contrast caused by atmospheric haze and high-sun angles. Some of the early geologic maps reflect these deficiencies in their poor discrimination and subdivision of rock units. New geologic maps made from higher resolution and better quality Viking images also represent a cooperative effort, by geologists from the U.S. Geological Survey, Arizona State University, and the University of London. This second series of global maps consists of three parts: 1) western equatorial region, 2) eastern equatorial region, and 3) north and south polar regions. These maps, at 1:15 million scale, show more than 60 individual rock-stratigraphic units assigned to three Martian time-stratigraphic systems. The first completed map of the series covers the western equatorial region of Mars. Accompanying the map is a description of the sequence and distribution of major tectonic, volcanic, and fluvial episodes as recorded in the stratigraphic record. ?? 1985.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Advances in Space Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0273-1177(85)90243-1","issn":"02731177","usgsCitation":"Scott, D.H., 1985, Global geologic mapping of Mars: The western equatorial region: Advances in Space Research, v. 5, no. 8, p. 71-82, https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(85)90243-1.","startPage":"71","endPage":"82","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":218923,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267876,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(85)90243-1"}],"volume":"5","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2948e4b0c8380cd5a80c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scott, D. H.","contributorId":73565,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":357477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013589,"text":"70013589 - 1985 - ROLE OF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE IN A MODERN GEOCHEMICAL LABORATORY.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:33","indexId":"70013589","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"ROLE OF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE IN A MODERN GEOCHEMICAL LABORATORY.","docAbstract":"Because modern geochemical laboratories can seldom have all new analytical equipment, it is clear that priorities must be assigned and choices made when selecting each new instrument. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy has come to play a vital role in this environment largely because it is a dependable, multielement, rapid method that covers a wide range of elemental concentrations, commonly with only one sample preparation. The following discussion centers on the role of modern XRF instrumentation in the resolution of geochemical problems. In order to present a comprehensive view of this role, this paper draws upon a great deal of information from numerous X-ray laboratories visited in the United States and Canada.","largerWorkTitle":"Advances in X-Ray Analysis","conferenceTitle":"Advances in X-Ray Analysis, Volume 28 (Proceedings of the 1984 Denver Conference on Applications of X-Ray Analysis).","conferenceLocation":"Denver, CO, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Plenum Press","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, USA","issn":"03760308","isbn":"0306419394","usgsCitation":"Taggart, J., 1985, ROLE OF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE IN A MODERN GEOCHEMICAL LABORATORY., in Advances in X-Ray Analysis, v. 28, Denver, CO, USA, p. 17-24.","startPage":"17","endPage":"24","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220597,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a936de4b0c8380cd80dea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Taggart, Joseph E.","contributorId":8992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taggart","given":"Joseph E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1013709,"text":"1013709 - 1985 - Immune response of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, to bacterial and protozoan antigens administered by three routes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-08-09T14:39:12.878895","indexId":"1013709","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":853,"text":"Aquaculture","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Immune response of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, to bacterial and protozoan antigens administered by three routes","title":"Immune response of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, to bacterial and protozoan antigens administered by three routes","docAbstract":"Experiments were conducted to measure the agglutinating antibody response of channel catfish to a particulate and a soluble antigen administered simultaneously by one of three routes. Specific antibody production in response to administration of particulate brucella tube-test antigen via intramuscular injection, oral drench, and topical application peaked at 3 weeks in channel catfish held under identical conditions at 21°C. The humoral antibody response was greater in fish injected with antigen than in the orally or topically exposed channel catfish.
Specific antibody was also produced by the same channel catfish in response to the administration of a soluble ciliary preparation derived from Tetrahymena pyriformis Lwoff. Intramuscular injection of Tetrahymena antigen was the only route that produced detectable levels of circulating antibody as measured by direct agglutination of live T. pyriformis cells. The response to the soluble antigen also peaked at 3 weeks.
Neither antigen elicited detectable agglutinins in cutaneous mucus, regardless of the vaccination method used.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0044-8486(85)90169-3","usgsCitation":"Pyle, S.W., and Dawe, D.L., 1985, Immune response of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, to bacterial and protozoan antigens administered by three routes: Aquaculture, v. 46, no. 1, p. 1-10, https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(85)90169-3.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"10","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129652,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"46","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac9e4b07f02db67c657","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pyle, S. W.","contributorId":86720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pyle","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dawe, D. L.","contributorId":66633,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dawe","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1013765,"text":"1013765 - 1985 - Rapid serological analysis of bacterial lipopolysaccharides by electrotransfer to nitrocellulose","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-08T14:40:01.368801","indexId":"1013765","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2349,"text":"Journal of Immunological Methods","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Rapid serological analysis of bacterial lipopolysaccharides by electrotransfer to nitrocellulose","docAbstract":"Techniques are described for the rapid screening of proteinase K-treated bacterial lysates by electroblot and immunoenzymatic detection to assess O-specificity of antigens and antisera. Conditions are outlined which permit the use of a single polyacrylamide gel for both electrotransfer to nitrocellulose and silver staining. Immunodetection of transferred LPS bands was equally sensitive to silver stain when whole cell or O-specific antisera were used. The techniques were utilized to identify at least 4 O-serotypes among sorbitol fermenting isolates of the fish pathogen, Yersinia ruckeri. Observed variations in the electrophoretic mobilities of lipopolysaccharides from 17 field isolates of Y. ruckeri were used to accurately predict the O-serotype.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1759(85)90146-2","usgsCitation":"Pyle, S.W., and Schill, W.B., 1985, Rapid serological analysis of bacterial lipopolysaccharides by electrotransfer to nitrocellulose: Journal of Immunological Methods, v. 85, no. 2, p. 371-382, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(85)90146-2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"371","endPage":"382","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129558,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"2","tableOfContents":"Metabolic consequences of chronic elevation of cortisol in the diet of yearling channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, were studied. Cortisol was incorporated into the diet in concentrations of 1, 10, 50 and 100 μg/g of food. This diet was offered at 3% of the body weight per day for 10 weeks. Fish were individually weighed and measured at 2-week intervals and feeding rates were adjusted. Body weight, liposomatic index and condition factor were significantly lower and food conversion was significantly higher in fish fed 50 or 100 μng cortisol/g of food when compared with controls. The hepatosomatic index of fish fed cortisol at the rate of 100 μg/g of food decreased significantly. Specific activity of hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase was significantly higher at the two highest cortisol doses. Long-term cortisol administration can reduce growth and condition factor by activating gluconeogenic mechanisms in which lipids and amino acids, rather than carbohydrates, are used for energy production. The metabolic effects of exogenous cortisol in this study offer an explanation for the decreased growth of fish under conditions that activate the secretion of endogenous cortisol.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1095-8649.1985.tb04019.x","usgsCitation":"Davis, K.B., Torrance, P., Parker, N., and Suttle, M.A., 1985, Growth, body composition and hepatic tyrosine aminotransferase activity in cortisol-fed channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque: Journal of Fish Biology, v. 27, no. 2, p. 177-184, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1985.tb04019.x.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"184","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129401,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-01-24","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a8fe4b07f02db655533","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, K. B.","contributorId":83869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319112,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Torrance, P.","contributorId":105259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torrance","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319114,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Parker, N. C.","contributorId":101209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parker","given":"N. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319113,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Suttle, M. A.","contributorId":54926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Suttle","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319111,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":12033,"text":"ofr84843D - 1985 - Distribution of zinc heavy-mineral-concentrate from the Charlotte 1° x 2° quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-05-09T21:29:54.251203","indexId":"ofr84843D","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-843","chapter":"D","title":"Distribution of zinc heavy-mineral-concentrate from the Charlotte 1° x 2° quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr84843D","usgsCitation":"Griffitts, W.R., Whitlow, J.W., Duttweiler, K., Siems, D.F., and Wilch, L.O., 1985, Distribution of zinc heavy-mineral-concentrate from the Charlotte 1° x 2° quadrangle, North Carolina and South Carolina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-843, Report: 4 p.; 2 Plates: 37.91 x 25.89 inches and 38.01 x 26.87 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr84843D.","productDescription":"Report: 4 p.; 2 Plates: 37.91 x 25.89 inches and 38.01 x 26.87 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":416881,"rank":5,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_13587.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":40038,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0843d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40037,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0843d/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":40036,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0843d/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":143835,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1984/0843d/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Carolina, South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Charlotte 1° x 2° quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -80,\n 36\n ],\n [\n -82,\n 36\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6de4b07f02db63f29c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Griffitts, W. R.","contributorId":10428,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Griffitts","given":"W.","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164755,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitlow, J. W.","contributorId":63810,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitlow","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164756,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Duttweiler, K.A.","contributorId":68310,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duttweiler","given":"K.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164757,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Siems, D. F.","contributorId":101239,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siems","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164759,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Wilch, L. O.","contributorId":88351,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilch","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":164758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1013958,"text":"1013958 - 1985 - Comparative sensitivities of diagnostic procedures used to detect bacterial kidney disease in salmonid fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-07-18T11:21:02.990927","indexId":"1013958","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2507,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparative sensitivities of diagnostic procedures used to detect bacterial kidney disease in salmonid fishes","docAbstract":"Kidney and spleen homogenates from each of 60 coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) were examined for detection of Renibacterium salmoninarum. The proportions of positives differed widely with the detection procedures used: in coho salmon, 5% were positive by the Gram-stain procedure, 10% by the direct fluorescent antibody test, 48% by bacteriological isolation, 65% by staphylococcal coagglutination, and 73% by counterimmunoelectrophoresis; in steelhead trout, 3% were positive by Gram-stain, 8.3% by fluorescent antibody, 17% by bacteriological isolation, and 67% by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. Renibacterium salmoninarum was not detected in either coho salmon or steelhead trout by immunodiffusion analysis.
Incidental catches of 12,243 Common Murres (Uria aalge), 875 Atlantic Puffins (Fratercula arctica), 36 Black Guillemots (Cepphus grylle), and 9 Razorbills (Alca torda) were recorded off Newfoundland during the summers of 1980-1982 (26,445 net-days of fishing effort). Most catch occurred in stationary gill nets set on the sea floor at depths of up to 180 m and revealed that murres, Razorbills, puffins, and guillemots can dive to depths of at least 180, 120, 60, and 50 m, respectively. Diving ability appeared to be directly correlated with body size.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/4086771 ","usgsCitation":"Piatt, J.F., and Nettleship, D.N., 1985, Diving depths of four alcids: The Auk, v. 102, no. 2, p. 293-297, https://doi.org/10.2307/4086771 .","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"297","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":337565,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada","state":"Newfoundland","volume":"102","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58c90130e4b0849ce97abd69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piatt, John F. 0000-0002-4417-5748 jpiatt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4417-5748","contributorId":3025,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Piatt","given":"John","email":"jpiatt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":117,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology WTEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":684352,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nettleship, David N.","contributorId":35374,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Nettleship","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":12590,"text":"Canadian Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":684353,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70012698,"text":"70012698 - 1985 - Distribution of volatile organic compounds in a New Jersey coastal plain aquifer system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-20T23:14:07.000572","indexId":"70012698","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution of volatile organic compounds in a New Jersey coastal plain aquifer system","docAbstract":"Samples for analysis of volatile organic compounds were collected from 315 wells in the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system in southwestern New Jersey and a small adjacent area in Pennsylvania during 1980–82. Volatile organic compounds were detected in all three aquifer units of the Potomac-Raritan-Magothy aquifer system in the study area. Most of the contamination appears to be confined to the outcrop area at present. Low levels of contamination, however, were found downdip of the outcrop area in the upper and middle aquifers.
Trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and benzene were the most frequently detected compounds. Differences in the areal distributions of light chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as trichloroethylene, and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, were noted and are probably due to differences in the uses of the compounds and the distribution patterns of potential contamination sources.
The distribution patterns of volatile organic compounds differed greatly among the three aquifer units. The upper aquifer, which crops out mostly in less-developed areas, had the lowest percentage of wells with volatile organic compounds detected (10 percent of wells sampled). The concentrations in most wells in the upper aquifer which had detectable levels were less than 10 /μg/1. In the middle aquifer, which crops out beneath much of the urban and industrial area adjacent to the Delaware River, detectable levels of volatile organic compounds were found in 22 percent of wells sampled, and several wells contained concentrations above 100 μ/1. The lower aquifer, which is confined beneath much of the outcrop area of the aquifer system, had the highest percentage of wells (28 percent) with detectable levels. This is probably due to (1) vertical leakage of contamination from the middle aquifer, and (2) the high percentage of wells tapping the lower aquifer in the most heavily developed areas of the outcrop.
A comparison of the aquifer parameter values obtained through the analysis of a local and a regional aquifer test involving the same area in southeast Georgia is made in order to evaluate the validity of extrapolating local aquifer-test results for use in large-scale flow simulations. Time-drawdown and time-recovery data were analyzed by using both graphical and least-squares fitting of the data to the Theis curve. Additionally, directional transmissivity, transmissivity tensor, and angle of anisotropy were computed for both tests.
","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Randolph, R., Krause, R., and Maslia, M., 1985, Comparison of aquifer characteristics derived from local and regional aquifer tests: Groundwater, v. 23, no. 3, p. 309-316.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"309","endPage":"316","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220566,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f850e4b0c8380cd4cffa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Randolph, R.B.","contributorId":38606,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Randolph","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krause, R.E.","contributorId":73210,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krause","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Maslia, M.L.","contributorId":24090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maslia","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70012689,"text":"70012689 - 1985 - Determination of elastic wave velocity and relative hypocenter locations using refracted waves. I. Methodology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-29T15:46:39.969615","indexId":"70012689","displayToPublicDate":"1985-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1985","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of elastic wave velocity and relative hypocenter locations using refracted waves. I. Methodology","docAbstract":"An arrival time difference method utilizing refracted arrivals from earthquakes in a homogeneous, layered earth model has been developed for the simultaneous determination of near-source (in situ) velocity and relative locations of earthquakes. The method is particularly applicable when analyzing data from arrays in which most of the recording stations are far (i.e., several focal depths) from a group of events. This iterative scheme locates earthquakes relative to a master event and performs an inversion for in situ velocity using a generalized inverseleast squares estimation procedure. Direct arrivals, when available, may be included to stabilize the inversion and increase the accuracy of the event locations. We tested this scheme on artificial data contaminated by random and systematic arrival time errors, gaps in azimuthal coverage, and inaccuracies in the assumed velocity model. As usual, depth is the least well-resolved hypocenter coordinate, but this scheme yielded accurate locations of most events while converging to the correct velocity model.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0750020415","issn":"00371106","usgsCitation":"Shedlock, K.M., and Roecker, S.W., 1985, Determination of elastic wave velocity and relative hypocenter locations using refracted waves. I. Methodology: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 75, no. 2, p. 415-426, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0750020415.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"415","endPage":"426","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222549,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"75","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1985-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fd42e4b0c8380cd4e714","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shedlock, Kaye M.","contributorId":61788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shedlock","given":"Kaye","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364230,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roecker, Steven W.","contributorId":34266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roecker","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":364229,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}