Several important questions in evolutionary biology and paleobiology involve sources of variation in extinction rates. In all cases of which we are aware, extinction rates have been estimated from data in which the probability that an observation (e.g., a fossil taxon) will occur is related both to extinction rates and to what we term encounter probabilities. Any statistical method for analyzing fossil data should at a minimum permit separate inferences on these two components. We develop a method for estimating taxonomic extinction rates from stratigraphic range data and for testing hypotheses about variability in these rates. We use this method to estimate extinction rates and to test the hypothesis of constant extinction rates for several sets of stratigraphic range data. The results of our tests support the hypothesis that extinction rates varied over the geologic time periods examined. We also present a test that can be used to identify periods of high or low extinction probabilities and provide an example using Phanerozoic invertebrate data. Extinction rates should be analyzed using stochastic models, in which it is recognized that stratigraphic samples are random variates and that sampling is imperfect.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0094837300008307","usgsCitation":"Conroy, M., and Nichols, J., 1984, Testing for variation in taxonomic extinction probabilities: A suggested methodology and some results: Paleobiology, v. 10, no. 3, p. 328-337, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0094837300008307.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"328","endPage":"337","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":193468,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ac8e4b07f02db67b8a9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337348,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":337347,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221980,"text":"5221980 - 1984 - DDE in birds' eggs: Comparisons of two methods for estimating critical levels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:10","indexId":"5221980","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3783,"text":"The Wilson Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-5643","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"DDE in birds' eggs: Comparisons of two methods for estimating critical levels","docAbstract":"The sample egg technique and eggshell thickness-residue regression analysis were comparatively evaluated as tools in estimating critical levels of DDE in birds? eggs that seriously affect reproductive successa nd population starts....In comparing critical values of DDE that were derived from the two methods, the estimates were lower using the sample egg technique for both the Brown Pelican (3 ?g/g vs 8 ?g/g) and the Black-crowned Night-Heron (12?g/g/ vs 54 ?g/g) assuming a critical value of eggshell thinning at 20%....Extension of the regression line beyond the eggshell thickness-DDE residue data base is likely to result in spurious critical values of DDE. When sufficient thickness and residue data are available for estimating critical values of DDE from the regression equation, the estimates are meaningful but are likely to be inflated because adverse effects unrelated to eggshell thinning such as parental behavior and embryotoxicity unrelated to eggshell deficiencies are not taken into account.....Establishing critical levels of pollutants in eggs and tissues is a necessary procedure in assessing effects of these chemicals on individuals and populations of sensitive species. There are inherent difficulties in quantifying the effects of any pollutant on population trends and declines in productivity. The sample egg technique is apparently a more sensitive method for estimating critical levels of DDE, but some subjective interpretation is required for results obtained by both methods.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Wilson Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Blus, L.J., 1984, DDE in birds' eggs: Comparisons of two methods for estimating critical levels: The Wilson Bulletin, v. 96, no. 2, p. 268-276.","productDescription":"268-276","startPage":"268","endPage":"276","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":18196,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Wilson/v096n02/p0268-p0276.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":196333,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4acce4b07f02db67e539","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blus, L. J.","contributorId":38116,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blus","given":"L.","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5221971,"text":"5221971 - 1984 - Geographic and temporal differences in band reporting rates for American black ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-11T12:40:29","indexId":"5221971","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic and temporal differences in band reporting rates for American black ducks","docAbstract":"Recoveries of reward- and standard-banded American black ducks (Anas rubripes) were used to estimate band reporting rates and to investigate geographic and temporal variability in reporting rate for 1978-80. Reporting rates were higher close ( 20 km) to the parent banding site in 3 of 42 samples and were higher close to the nearest black duck banding site in 3 of 35 samples., Reporting rates were higher P 0.05) in Canada than in the Atlantic Flyway for the pre-huntIng season 1980-banded sample, but were otherwise similar among regions. Temporal differences over the duration of the study occurred, but there were no consistent trends over time. The small number of rejections suggests that there is little evidence of differences in band reporting rate by proximity to banding sites, geographic location, or over time. Thus, the best estimate of band reporting rate for black ducks is a constant 0.43. This estimate should be used with caution, because we believe that it overestimates reporting rate due to the unknown proportion of reward bands found that were not reported.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3808450","usgsCitation":"Conroy, M., and Blandin, W., 1984, Geographic and temporal differences in band reporting rates for American black ducks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 48, no. 1, p. 23-36, https://doi.org/10.2307/3808450.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"36","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1ce4b07f02db6a95fb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blandin, W.W.","contributorId":107811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blandin","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335162,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221972,"text":"5221972 - 1984 - A general methodology for maximum likelihood inference from band-recovery data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-06T12:59:29.433193","indexId":"5221972","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1039,"text":"Biometrics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A general methodology for maximum likelihood inference from band-recovery data","docAbstract":"A numerical procedure is described for obtaining maximum likelihood estimates and associated maximum likelihood inference from band- recovery data. The method is used to illustrate previously developed one-age-class band-recovery models, and is extended to new models, including the analysis with a covariate for survival rates and variable-time-period recovery models. Extensions to R-age-class band- recovery, mark-recapture models, and twice-yearly marking are discussed. A FORTRAN program provides computations for these models.","language":"English","publisher":"International Biometric Society","doi":"10.2307/2530917","usgsCitation":"Conroy, M., and Williams, B.K., 1984, A general methodology for maximum likelihood inference from band-recovery data: Biometrics, v. 40, no. 3, p. 739-748, https://doi.org/10.2307/2530917.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"739","endPage":"748","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196905,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae73f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Conroy, M.J.","contributorId":84690,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Conroy","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335163,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Williams, B. Kenneth","contributorId":107798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"Kenneth","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5221981,"text":"5221981 - 1984 - Simulation analyses of space use: Home range estimates, variability, and sample size","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-02T20:22:04","indexId":"5221981","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:16","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":979,"text":"Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers","onlineIssn":"1532-5970","printIssn":"0743-3808","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simulation analyses of space use: Home range estimates, variability, and sample size","docAbstract":"Simulations of space use by animals were run to determine the relationship among home range area estimates, variability, and sample size (number of locations). As sample size increased, home range size increased asymptotically, whereas variability decreased among mean home range area estimates generated by multiple simulations for the same sample size. Our results suggest that field workers should ascertain between 100 and 200 locations in order to estimate reliably home range area. In some cases, this suggested guideline is higher than values found in the few published studies in which the relationship between home range area and number of locations is addressed. Sampling differences for small species occupying relatively small home ranges indicate that fewer locations may be sufficient to allow for a reliable estimate of home range. Intraspecific variability in social status (group member, loner, resident, transient), age, sex, reproductive condition, and food resources also have to be considered, as do season, habitat, and differences in sampling and analytical methods. Comparative data still are needed.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.3758/BF03201046","usgsCitation":"Bekoff, M., and Mech, L.D., 1984, Simulation analyses of space use: Home range estimates, variability, and sample size: Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers, v. 16, no. 1, p. 32-37, https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03201046.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"32","endPage":"37","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":480188,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03201046","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":197590,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"16","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49aee4b07f02db5c7a1f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bekoff, Marc","contributorId":113207,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bekoff","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mech, L. David 0000-0003-3944-7769 david_mech@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":2518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mech","given":"L.","email":"david_mech@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":335190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5223909,"text":"5223909 - 1984 - Acute responses of American kestrels to methyl parathion and fenvalerate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-21T11:03:38","indexId":"5223909","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:16","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1627,"text":"Federation Proceedings","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Acute responses of American kestrels to methyl parathion and fenvalerate","docAbstract":"Physiological and toxicological effects of p.o, methyl parathion (0.375-3.0 mg/kg) or fenvalerate (1000-4000 mg/kg) were examined over a 10 h period in American kestrels (Falco sparverius) maintained in thermoneutral (22?.C) and cold (-5?.C) environments. Methyl parathion was highly toxic (LD50=3.08 mg/kg, 95% confidence limits=2.29-4.l4 mg/kg, producing overt intoxication (abnormal posture, ataxia, paresis), dose-dependent inhibition (26-67%) of brain acetylcholinesterase activity, hyperglycemia, and elevated plasma corticosterone concentration. Transient but pronounced hypothermia was associated with plasma cholinesterase inhibition in excess of 50% (2 h after intubation), although this response was highly variable (plasma ChE inhibition vs. A cloacal temperature, r=-0.60). Fenvalerate, at doses far exceeding those encountered in the environment, caused mild intoxication (irregular head movement) and elevated plasma alanine aminotransferase activity, but did not alter cloacal temperature, plasma activities of CK, U-HBDH, and LDK, or concentrations of corticosterone, glucose, triiodothyronine, and uric acid. Cold exposure intensified methyl parathion toxicity, but did not affect that of fenvalerate. It would thus appear that the organophosphorus insecticide methyl parathion poses far greater hazard than the pyrethroid fenvalerate to raptorial birds.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Federation Proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Rattner, B., and Franson, J.C., 1984, Acute responses of American kestrels to methyl parathion and fenvalerate: Federation Proceedings, v. 43, no. 3, 580 (abstract no. 1726).","productDescription":"580 (abstract no. 1726)","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200301,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b01e4b07f02db698448","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rattner, Barnett A. 0000-0003-3676-2843","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3676-2843","contributorId":95843,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rattner","given":"Barnett A.","affiliations":[{"id":50464,"text":"Eastern Ecological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":339916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Franson, J. C. 0000-0002-0251-4238","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0251-4238","contributorId":99071,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Franson","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5222068,"text":"5222068 - 1984 - Organochlorine pesticide residues in moths from the Baltimore, MD-Washington, D.C. area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-19T17:45:42.887553","indexId":"5222068","displayToPublicDate":"2010-06-16T12:19:16","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1552,"text":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","onlineIssn":"1573-2959","printIssn":"0167-6369","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine pesticide residues in moths from the Baltimore, MD-Washington, D.C. area","docAbstract":"Moths were collected with a light trap from 15 sites in the Baltimore, Maryland-Washington, D.C. area and analyzed for organochlorine pesticide residues. On the average, the species sampled contained 0.33 ppm heptachlor-chlordane compounds, 0.25 ppm DDE, and 0.11 ppm dieldrin. There were large differences in the concentrations detected in different species. Concentrations were especially high in moths whose larvae were cutworms, and were virtually absent from moths whose larvae fed on tree leaves. It was concluded that at least some species sampled could be an important source of insecticides to insectivorous wildlife. In some instances moths may be useful indicators of environmental contamination, especially when insectivorous wildlife species cannot be collected. However, the differences in residues observed among species means that only similar species should be compared, and this limits their potential for monitoring.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00398782","usgsCitation":"Beyer, W., and Kaiser, T., 1984, Organochlorine pesticide residues in moths from the Baltimore, MD-Washington, D.C. area: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 4, no. 2, p. 129-137, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00398782.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"129","endPage":"137","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":195905,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae5e4b07f02db68a850","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beyer, W. N. 0000-0002-8911-9141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":55379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kaiser, T. E.","contributorId":75486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kaiser","given":"T. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":335424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5230215,"text":"5230215 - 1984 - Program LINLOGN users instructions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:25","indexId":"5230215","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:33:22","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":3,"text":"Organization Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":194,"text":"North Carolina State University, Institute of Statistics Mimeograph Series","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":3}},"seriesNumber":"No. 1650","title":"Program LINLOGN users instructions","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Hines, J., Pollock, K.H., and Nichols, J., 1984, Program LINLOGN users instructions: North Carolina State University, Institute of Statistics Mimeograph Series No. 1650, [11].","productDescription":"[11]","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202736,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae1e4b07f02db6889e1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hines, J.E. 0000-0001-5478-7230","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5478-7230","contributorId":36885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"J.E.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":343751,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pollock, K. H.","contributorId":65184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pollock","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343752,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nichols, J.D. 0000-0002-7631-2890","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7631-2890","contributorId":14332,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nichols","given":"J.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":343750,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":5211096,"text":"5211096 - 1984 - Seabirds of the north and middle Atlantic coast of the United States: their status and conservation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:26","indexId":"5211096","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:19","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Seabirds of the north and middle Atlantic coast of the United States: their status and conservation","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Status and conservation of the world's seabirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Council of Bird Preservation","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, England","usgsCitation":"Buckley, P.A., and Buckley, F.G., 1984, Seabirds of the north and middle Atlantic coast of the United States: their status and conservation, chap. of Status and conservation of the world's seabirds, p. 101-133.","productDescription":"ix, 778","startPage":"101","endPage":"133","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":203077,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a0ce4b07f02db5fc543","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Croxall, J.P.","contributorId":88555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croxall","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507602,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, P.G.","contributorId":113410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507604,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schreiber, R.W.","contributorId":92782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiber","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507603,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Buckley, P. A.","contributorId":69264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buckley, F. G.","contributorId":73319,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":330068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5210918,"text":"5210918 - 1984 - Status and conservation of seabirds in the southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:23","indexId":"5210918","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:18","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Status and conservation of seabirds in the southeastern United States","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Status and conservation of the world's seabirds","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"International Council of Bird Preservation","publisherLocation":"Cambridge, England","usgsCitation":"Clapp, R.B., and Buckley, P.A., 1984, Status and conservation of seabirds in the southeastern United States, chap. of Status and conservation of the world's seabirds, p. 135-155.","productDescription":"ix, 778","startPage":"135","endPage":"155","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202397,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dbe4b07f02db5e0d5e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Croxall, J.P.","contributorId":88555,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Croxall","given":"J.P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507337,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, P.G.","contributorId":113410,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"P.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507339,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schreiber, R.W.","contributorId":92782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreiber","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":507338,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":3}],"authors":[{"text":"Clapp, R. B.","contributorId":9371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clapp","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Buckley, P. A.","contributorId":69264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buckley","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":329565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5210479,"text":"5210479 - 1984 - Management to conserve forest ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:16","indexId":"5210479","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Management to conserve forest ecosystems","docAbstract":"Historically, management of forests for wildlife has emphasized creation of openings and provision for a maximum of edge habitats. Wildlife managers have believed, quite logically, that increased sunlight enhances productivity among plants and insects, resulting in greater use by game animals and other wildlife. Recent studies comparing breeding bird populations of extensive forests with those of isolated woodlots have shown that the smaller woodlots, especially those under 35 ha (about 85 acres), lack many species that are typical of the larger tracts. The missing species can be predicted, and basically are the neotropical migrants. These long-distance migrants share several characteristics that make them especially vulnerable to reproductive failure in situations where predation and cowbird parasitism are high: they are primarily single-brooded, open nesters that lay small clutches on or near the ground. Edge habitats and forest openings attract cowbirds and predators. The edge species of birds, which are mostly permanent residents or short-distance migrants, are well adapted to survive and reproduce in small isolated woodlands without the benefit of special habitat management. The obligate forest interior species, on the other hand, are decreasing in those parts of North America where extensive forests are being replaced by isolated woodlands. If we are to preserve ecosystems intact for the benefit of future generations, and maintain a viable gene pool for the scarcer species, we must think in terms of retaining large, unbroken tracts of forest and of limiting disturbance in the more remote portions of these tracts.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":" Proceedings of the Workshop on Management of Nongame Species and Ecological Communities","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Department of Forestry, University of Kentucky","publisherLocation":"Lexington","collaboration":"workshop held June 11-12, 1984","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1984, Management to conserve forest ecosystems, chap. of Proceedings of the Workshop on Management of Nongame Species and Ecological Communities, p. 101-107.","productDescription":"vi, 404","startPage":"101","endPage":"107","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200680,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a81e4b07f02db64a594","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McComb, William C.","contributorId":113578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McComb","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506512,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328508,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5210333,"text":"5210333 - 1984 - Linear regression--A useful tool in analyzing banding results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:19","indexId":"5210333","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:17","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Linear regression--A useful tool in analyzing banding results","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"An Introduction to Statistics for Bird Banders","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Eastern Bird Banding Association","publisherLocation":"[Hellertown, Pennsylvania]","usgsCitation":"Robbins, C., 1984, Linear regression--A useful tool in analyzing banding results, chap. of An Introduction to Statistics for Bird Banders, p. 39-49.","productDescription":"iii, 88","startPage":"39","endPage":"49","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201201,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b15e4b07f02db6a5033","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Schneider, Kathryn J.","contributorId":112134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schneider","given":"Kathryn","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506296,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Robbins, C.S.","contributorId":53907,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robbins","given":"C.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5210415,"text":"5210415 - 1984 - Ecological considerations for the use of dispersants in oil spill response","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T20:15:32","indexId":"5210415","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"840","title":"Ecological considerations for the use of dispersants in oil spill response","docAbstract":"A multidisciplinary task force with membership from government agencies, academia, and industry is developing ecologically based guidelines for dispersant use in marine and estuarine environments. The guidelines are organized by habitat type (e.g., coral reefs, rocky shores, bird habitats) and consider dispersant use to protect the habitats from impact, to mitigate impacts, and to clean the habitats after a spill. Each guideline contains a description of the habitat type covered, recommendations for dispersant use, and a background section reviewing the relevant literature. The goal is to minimize the ecological impacts of oil spills. Aesthetic, socioeconomic, and political factors are not considered, although it is recognized that these are important concerns during spill response. Use of dispersants is considered along with other appropriate countermeasures and compared with the “no cleanup” alternative.","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Oil Spill Chemical Dispersants: Research, Experience, and Recommendations","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Testing and Materials","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA.","doi":"10.1520/STP30246S","usgsCitation":"Lindstedt-Siva, J., Albers, P., Fucik, K., and Maynard, N., 1984, Ecological considerations for the use of dispersants in oil spill response, chap. of Oil Spill Chemical Dispersants: Research, Experience, and Recommendations, p. 363-377, https://doi.org/10.1520/STP30246S.","productDescription":"465","startPage":"363","endPage":"377","numberOfPages":"465","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200767,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267810,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1520/STP30246S"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ee4b07f02db627c62","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Allen, Tom E.","contributorId":111975,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Tom","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":506431,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Lindstedt-Siva, J.","contributorId":103770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lindstedt-Siva","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Albers, P.H.","contributorId":26646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Albers","given":"P.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fucik, K.W.","contributorId":101774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fucik","given":"K.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Maynard, N.G.","contributorId":57990,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maynard","given":"N.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":328393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5200226,"text":"5200226 - 1984 - Maui-Molokai forest birds recovery plan, May 1984","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:16","indexId":"5200226","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"Maui-Molokai forest birds recovery plan, May 1984","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"Portland, Oregon","usgsCitation":"Kepler, C.B., Burr, T., Cooper, C., Dunatchik, D., Medeiros, J., Scott, J.M., Ueoko, M., and Wong, W., 1984, Maui-Molokai forest birds recovery plan, May 1984, 110.","productDescription":"110","numberOfPages":"110","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201365,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a27e4b07f02db6100b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kepler, C. B.","contributorId":62548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kepler","given":"C.","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burr, T.","contributorId":88062,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burr","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327266,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cooper, C.B.","contributorId":101777,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cooper","given":"C.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327267,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Dunatchik, D.","contributorId":57993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunatchik","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327264,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Medeiros, J.","contributorId":108228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medeiros","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327268,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Scott, J. M.","contributorId":55766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327263,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Ueoko, M.","contributorId":36260,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ueoko","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327262,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Wong, W.","contributorId":19667,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wong","given":"W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8}]}} ,{"id":70039514,"text":"70039514 - 1984 - Geographic Names Information System","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-11T01:01:51","indexId":"70039514","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-23T16:11:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Geographic Names Information System","docAbstract":"The Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) is an automated data system developed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to standardize and disseminate information on geographic names. GNIS provides primary information for all known places, features, and areas in the United States identified by a proper name. The information in the system can be manipulated to meet varied needs. You can incorporate information from GNIS into your own data base for special applications.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70039514","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1984, Geographic Names Information System, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039514.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":409,"text":"National Cartographic Information Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261642,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039514/report.pdf"},{"id":261643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039514/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1756e4b0c8380cd5548d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":80063,"text":"wri82508 - 1984 - Fluoride, Nitrate, and Dissolved-Solids Concentrations in Ground Waters of Washington","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:44","indexId":"wri82508","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"82-508","title":"Fluoride, Nitrate, and Dissolved-Solids Concentrations in Ground Waters of Washington","docAbstract":"This study provides basic data on ground-water quality throughout the State. It is intended for uses in planning and management by agencies and individuals who have responsibility for or interest in, public health and welfare. It also provides a basis for directing future studies of ground-water quality toward areas where ground-water quality problems may already exist. The information presented is a compilation of existing data from numerous sources including: the Washington Departments of Ecology and Social and Health Services, the Environmental Protection Agency, as well as many other local, county, state and federal agencies and private corporations. Only data on fluoride, nitrate, and dissolved-solids concentrations in ground water are presented, as these constituents are among those commonly used to determine the suitability of water for drinking or other purposes. They also reflect both natural and man-imposed effects on water quality and are the most readily available water-quality data for the State of Washington. The percentage of wells with fluoride, nitrate, or dissolved-solids concentrations exceeding U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Primary and Secondary Drinking Water Regulations were about 1, about 3, and about 3, respectively. Most high concentrations occurred in widely separated wells. Two exceptions were: high concentrations of nitrate and dissolved solids in wells on the Hanford Department of Energy Facility and high concentrations of nitrate in the lower Yakima River basin. (USGS)","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri82508","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the State of Washington Department of Ecology","usgsCitation":"Lum, W.E., and Turney, G.L., 1984, Fluoride, Nitrate, and Dissolved-Solids Concentrations in Ground Waters of Washington (WRI/OFR 82-508): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 82-508, 4 Sheets (3 maps and 1 data sheet; each sheet 21 x 27 inches), https://doi.org/10.3133/wri82508.","productDescription":"4 Sheets (3 maps and 1 data sheet; each sheet 21 x 27 inches)","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":194716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":264344,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/0508/plate-1.pdf","size":"3794","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":264345,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/0508/plate-2.pdf","size":"3646","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":264346,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/0508/plate-3.pdf","size":"3745","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":264347,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1982/0508/plate-4.pdf","size":"3568","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"scale":"1000000","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -125,45 ], [ -125,49 ], [ -116,49 ], [ -116,45 ], [ -125,45 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"WRI/OFR 82-508","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aec01","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lum, W. E. II","contributorId":81504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lum","given":"W.","suffix":"II","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291610,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Turney, Gary L.","contributorId":72446,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Turney","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":80038,"text":"wri83698 - 1984 - Hydrology of Area 62, Northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain Coal Provinces, New Mexico and Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-10T00:11:41","indexId":"wri83698","displayToPublicDate":"2007-06-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"83-698","title":"Hydrology of Area 62, Northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain Coal Provinces, New Mexico and Arizona","docAbstract":"This report summarizes available hydrologic data for Area 62 and will aid leasing decisions, and the preparation and appraisal of environmental impact studies and mine-permit applications. Area 62 is located at the southern end of the Rocky Mountain Coal Province in parts of New Mexico and Arizona and includes approximately 9,500 square miles. Surface mining alters, at least temporarily, the environment; if the areas are unreclaimed, there can be long-term environmental consequences.\r\n\r\nThe land-ownership pattern in Area 62 is complicated. The checkerboard pattern created by several types of ownership makes effective management of these lands difficult.\r\n\r\nThe climate generally is semiarid with average annual precipitation ranging from 10 to 20 inches. Pinons, junipers, and grasslands cover most of the area, and much of it is used for grazing by livestock. Soils vary with landscape, differing from flood plains and hillslopes to mountain slopes.\r\n\r\nThe major structural features of this area were largely developed during middle Tertiary time. The main structural features are the southern San Juan Basin and the Mogollon slope. Coal-bearing rocks are present in four Cretaceous rock units of the Mesaverde Group: the Gallup Sandstone, the Dileo Coal Member, and the Gibson Coal Member of the Crevasse Canyon Formation, and the Cleary Coal Member of the Menefee Formation.\r\n\r\nArea 62 is drained by Black Creek, the Puerco River, the Zuni River, Carrizo Wash-Largo Creek, and the Rio San Jose. Only at the headwaters of the Zuni River is the flow perennial. The streamflow-gaging station network consists of 25 stations operated for a variety of needs. Streamflow changes throughout the year with variation related directly to rainfall and snowmelt. Base flow in Area 62 is zero indicating no significant ground-water discharge. Mountainous areas contribute the highest mean annual runoff of 1.0 inch. Very few water-quality data are available for the surface-water stations. Of the nine surface-water stations that have water-quality data, only one has chemical analyses from more than 10 samples. Therefore, sufficient data to characterize the area in detail are not available. Suspended sediment data are available only for a few surface-\r\nwater stations in the area. Erosion rates generally are less than 1 acre-foot per square mile per year. Greater erosion rates are found within the badland areas.\r\n\r\nWater levels are periodically measured at 21 selected wells in Area 62. These observation wells are located mostly along the Rio San Jose and northeast of Gallup, New Mexico. The recharge to ground-water aquifers generally coincide with areas of greater precipitation in the mountainous areas. Depth to water below land surface is generally less than 200 feet. Well yields of 100 gallons per minute are common in most of the area.\r\n\r\nGround-water quality is variable both within each aquifer and between aquifers. Water quality generally is best near recharge areas.\r\n\r\nHistorical and current data related to stream discharge, water quality, and suspended sediment are available from computer files in the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water Data Storage and Retrieval System (WATSTORE) and through the National Water Data Exchange (NAWDEX).","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/wri83698","usgsCitation":"Roybal, F., Wells, J., Gold, R., and Flager, J., 1984, Hydrology of Area 62, Northern Great Plains and Rocky Mountain Coal Provinces, New Mexico and Arizona (WRI/OFR 83-698): U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-698, v, 66 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri83698.","productDescription":"v, 66 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124643,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0698/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":91373,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1983/0698/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -110,34 ], [ -110,36 ], [ -107.5,36 ], [ -107.5,34 ], [ -110,34 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"WRI/OFR 83-698","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a17e4b07f02db604a3c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roybal, F.E.","contributorId":62998,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roybal","given":"F.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291539,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wells, J.G.","contributorId":85198,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wells","given":"J.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291541,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gold, R.L.","contributorId":97918,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gold","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291542,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Flager, J.V.","contributorId":72799,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flager","given":"J.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":291540,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":77059,"text":"fwsobs82_10_73 - 1984 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Gray partridge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-02-09T15:12:21.326003","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_73","displayToPublicDate":"2006-07-19T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.73","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Gray partridge","docAbstract":"This report is part of the Habitat Suitability Index model series which provides\r\nhabitat information useful for impact assessment and habitat management. The\r\nHabitat Use Information section is largely constrained to those data that can be\r\nused to derive quantitative relationships between key environmental variables\r\nand habitat suitability. The habitat use information provides the foundation for\r\nthe HSI model that follows. In addition, this same information may be useful in\r\nthe development of other models more appropriate to specific assessment or\r\nevaluation needs for the gray partridge (Perdix perdix).\r\n\r\nThe HSI model section documents a habitat model and information pertinent to its\r\napplication. The model synthesizes the habitat use information into a framework\r\nappropriate for field application and is scaled to produce an index value\r\nbetween 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) and 1.0 (optimum habitat).","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Allen, A.W., 1984, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Gray partridge: FWS/OBS 82/10.73, vi, 23 p.","productDescription":"vi, 23 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":190839,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6498ad","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allen, Arthur W.","contributorId":40648,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allen","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":288423,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":71002,"text":"wdrFL824 - 1984 - Water resources data, Florida, water year 1982, Volume 4: Northwest Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:46","indexId":"wdrFL824","displayToPublicDate":"2005-08-09T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":340,"text":"Water Data Report","code":"WDR","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"FL-82-4","title":"Water resources data, Florida, water year 1982, Volume 4: Northwest Florida","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wdrFL824","usgsCitation":"Geological Survey, U., 1984, Water resources data, Florida, water year 1982, Volume 4: Northwest Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water Data Report FL-82-4, 310 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wdrFL824.","productDescription":"310 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":185748,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1982/fl-82-4/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":90530,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wdr/1982/fl-82-4/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f6e4b07f02db5f146d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Geological Survey, U.S.","contributorId":26017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Geological Survey","given":"U.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":283473,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70138,"text":"wri844 - 1984 - Simulation of dynamic floodflows at gaged stations in the southeastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:52","indexId":"wri844","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"84-4","title":"Simulation of dynamic floodflows at gaged stations in the southeastern United States","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri844","usgsCitation":"Faye, R.E., and Blalock, M.E., 1984, Simulation of dynamic floodflows at gaged stations in the southeastern United States: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4, 114 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri844.","productDescription":"114 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":101499,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/0004/report.pdf","size":"5716","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":191175,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1984/0004/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"100000","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f8e4b07f02db5f2efd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Faye, Robert E.","contributorId":92221,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faye","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Blalock, Merritt E.","contributorId":14065,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blalock","given":"Merritt","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013138,"text":"70013138 - 1984 - Evaluation of the efficiency of streamflow data collection strategies for alluvial rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-04-15T15:32:03.110121","indexId":"70013138","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-23T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of the efficiency of streamflow data collection strategies for alluvial rivers","docAbstract":"Streamflow discharge is usually determined indirectly from measurements of the river stage at gaging stations and through the use of stage-discharge relationships (rating curves). However, in alluvial streams, stage-discharge relationships change continually and, sometimes, quite markedly. Such changes may be caused by major floods, seasonal variations, or long-term secular trends associated with changes in the river channel. Consequently, reliable estimates of discharge using rating curves are not possible unless frequent direct measurements of discharge are made. Such measurements involve appreciable costs, and it is important to evaluate their contribution in increasing the accuracy of estimation of quantities of interest such as mean daily, monthly or annual flow. A methodology for the evaluation of the efficiency of data-collection strategies for alluvial rivers is developed and applied to stations on the Missouri River, U.S.A. A flexible and expedient model describing the variability of discharges and shifts in the stage-discharge relationship is developed. Procedures for the estimation of parameters and the validation of the model using actual data are presented. The calibrated and validated model is then employed in simulations to evaluate the effect of sampling strategies (such as frequency and accuracy of discharge measurements) on the accuracy of estimated mean daily, monthly and annual flow. Curves relating the cost of sampling to the achieved accuracy can be generated, and the optimization of sampling strategies given accuracy or budget objectives or constraints can be achieved.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(84)90186-0","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Kitanidis, P., Lara, O.G., and Lane, R., 1984, Evaluation of the efficiency of streamflow data collection strategies for alluvial rivers: Journal of Hydrology, v. 72, no. 1-2, p. 85-103, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(84)90186-0.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"85","endPage":"103","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220409,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"72","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0ce2e4b0c8380cd52d2a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kitanidis, P.K.","contributorId":63274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kitanidis","given":"P.K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lara, O. G.","contributorId":31001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lara","given":"O.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lane, R.W.","contributorId":86228,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lane","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70014083,"text":"70014083 - 1984 - Age and correlation of emerged pliocene and pleistocene deposits, U.S. Atlantic Coastal Plain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-16T15:01:27.053261","indexId":"70014083","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and correlation of emerged pliocene and pleistocene deposits, U.S. Atlantic Coastal Plain","docAbstract":"Paleontologic and paleomagnetic investigations were conducted on several hundred Pliocene and Pleistocene marine samples from five regions of the emerged Atlantic Coastal Plain: (1) the Delmarva Peninsula, (2) eastern Virginia, (3) central and northern North Carolina, (4) southern North Carolina and northeastern South Carolina, and (5) the Charleston area, South Carolina. Molluscan and ostracode interval and assemblage zonations, which are the primary means of regional correlation, have been calibrated using planktic biochronologic, paleomagnetic, radiometric and amino-acid recemization data. These multiple dating criteria were used to determine the age and, where possible, the duration of marine transgressive/regressive sequences. A correlation chart illustrates the age relationships of 27 formations from five regions. One important conclusion is some of the Yorktown Formation of Virginia and North Carolina (including the “Duplin” Formation), and some of the Raysor of South Carolina are late Pliocene in age. The late Pliocene Chowan River Formation of North Carolina is older than the early Pleistocene Waccamaw Formation of South Carolina, which in turn may be older than the James City Formation of North Carolina. During the last 1.0 million years, multiple marine transgressions occurred in each region, but the age of these middle and late Pleistocene formations often may differ from one area to the next.
A significant result of the study is the evidence for the lack of time equivalence of formations in the five different regions; that is, the sequence of marine transgressions in one region does not necessarily correspond to that in another. This appears to be the result of differing subsidence and uplift histories, the patchiness of the depositional record, and the limitations of the dating techniques in light of the rapidity and frequency of sea-level fluctuations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(84)90079-8","usgsCitation":"Cronin, T.M., Bybell, L., Poore, R., Blackwelder, B.W., Liddicoat, J.C., and Hazel, J.E., 1984, Age and correlation of emerged pliocene and pleistocene deposits, U.S. Atlantic Coastal Plain: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 47, no. 1-2, p. 21-51, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(84)90079-8.","productDescription":"31 p.","startPage":"21","endPage":"51","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225812,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Atlantic Coastal Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -75.234375,\n 39.13006024213511\n ],\n [\n -75.65185546874999,\n 39.690280594818034\n ],\n [\n -78.06884765624999,\n 39.53793974517628\n ],\n [\n -81.6943359375,\n 33.394759218577995\n ],\n [\n -81.36474609375,\n 32.58384932565662\n ],\n [\n -80.74951171875,\n 32.045332838858506\n ],\n [\n -76.97021484375,\n 34.32529192442733\n ],\n [\n -75.56396484375,\n 35.746512259918504\n ],\n [\n -75.60791015625,\n 37.28279464911045\n ],\n [\n -74.970703125,\n 38.41055825094609\n ],\n [\n -75.234375,\n 39.13006024213511\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8d7e4b0c8380cd47eeb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cronin, T. M. 0000-0002-2643-0979","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2643-0979","contributorId":42613,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cronin","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":40020,"text":"Florence Bascom Geoscience Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":367529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bybell, L.M. 0000-0002-4760-7542","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4760-7542","contributorId":11220,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bybell","given":"L.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poore, R.Z.","contributorId":35314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poore","given":"R.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Blackwelder, B. W.","contributorId":104136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwelder","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367532,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Liddicoat, J. C.","contributorId":76781,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Liddicoat","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hazel, J. E.","contributorId":89187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hazel","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70013909,"text":"70013909 - 1984 - An overview of paleogene molluscan biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the Gulf of Alaska region","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-16T15:15:08.632102","indexId":"70013909","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An overview of paleogene molluscan biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the Gulf of Alaska region","docAbstract":"Paleogene marine strata in the Gulf of Alaska region occur in three geographic areas and may be characterized by their molluscan faunal composition and paleoecology: a western area consisting of the Alaska Peninsula, Kodiak Island, and adjacent islands; a central area encompassing Prince William Sound; and an eastern area extending from the mouth of the Copper River to Icy Point in the Lituya district. Strata in the western area include the Ghost Rocks, Narrow Cape (in part), Sitkalidak, Stepovak, Belkofski, and Tolstoi Formations; in the central area Paleogene strata are assigned entirely to the Orca Group; Paleogene strata in the eastern area include the Kulthieth and Poul Creek Formations and several coeval units. Environments ranging from marginal marine to bathyal and from subtropical to cool-temperate are inferred for the various molluscan faunas. Sediments range from interbedded coal and marine sands to deep-water turbidites. The known Paleogene molluscan faunas of these three southern Alaskan areas permit recognition of biostratigraphic schemes within each area, preliminary correlations between faunas of the three areas, and more general correlations with faunas of the Pacific Northwest, the Far Eastern U.S.S.R., and northern Japan.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(84)90082-8","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Marincovich, L., and McCoy, S., 1984, An overview of paleogene molluscan biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the Gulf of Alaska region: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 47, no. 1-2, p. 91-102, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(84)90082-8.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"91","endPage":"102","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226118,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -170.16016898665896,\n 52.53370257192515\n ],\n [\n -165.87722752127797,\n 53.011068953297425\n ],\n [\n -150.56744496884684,\n 57.07373444976588\n ],\n [\n -152.06112809170114,\n 58.543491125197704\n ],\n [\n -157.20426229979498,\n 58.73570361951738\n ],\n [\n -170.08830120094672,\n 53.82391633092445\n ],\n [\n -170.16016898665896,\n 52.53370257192515\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eaace4b0c8380cd489e4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marincovich, L. Jr.","contributorId":16157,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marincovich","given":"L.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McCoy, S. Jr.","contributorId":75287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCoy","given":"S.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014066,"text":"70014066 - 1984 - Distribution and ecology of deep-water benthic foraminifera in the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-16T15:08:16.465443","indexId":"70014066","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Distribution and ecology of deep-water benthic foraminifera in the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"Bathyal and abyssal foraminifera in the Gulf of Mexico are distributed among thirteen generic predominance facies. Five predominance facies nearly encircle the Gulf basin along the slope and rise; a sixth predominance facies blankets the Sigsbee Plain, and a seventh is restricted to the Mississippi Fan. The remaining eight predominance facies have more restricted distributions. The areal patterns of these predominance facies can be related chiefly to water mass and substrate characteristics; modifications are brought about by calcite dissolution, upwelling, and sill depth. Analysis of ancient generic predominance facies is useful in predicting relative paleobathymetry and other paleoenvironmental properties.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(84)90090-7","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Poag, C.W., 1984, Distribution and ecology of deep-water benthic foraminifera in the Gulf of Mexico: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 48, no. 1, p. 25-37, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(84)90090-7.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"37","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225487,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.13858134169811,\n 29.197248880700073\n ],\n [\n -97.13858134169811,\n 21.67225015871294\n ],\n [\n -83.08875993352926,\n 21.67225015871294\n ],\n [\n -83.08875993352926,\n 29.197248880700073\n ],\n [\n -97.13858134169811,\n 29.197248880700073\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a028ae4b0c8380cd500bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Poag, C. W.","contributorId":16402,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poag","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367485,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}