Adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) migrate from salt water to freshwater streams to spawn. Immune responses in migrating adult salmon are thought to diminish in the run up to spawning, though the exact mechanisms for diminished immune responses remain unknown. Here we examine both adaptive and innate immune responses as well as pathogen burdens in migrating adult Chinook salmon in the Upper Willamette River basin. Messenger RNA transcripts encoding antibody heavy chain molecules slightly diminish as a function of time, but are still present even after fish have successfully spawned. In contrast, the innate anti-bacterial effector proteins present in fish plasma rapidly decrease as spawning approaches. Fish also were examined for the presence and severity of eight different pathogens in different organs. While pathogen burden tended to increase during the migration, no specific pathogen signature was associated with diminished immune responses. Transcript levels of the immunosuppressive cytokines IL-10 and TGF beta were measured and did not change during the migration. These results suggest that loss of immune functions in adult migrating salmon are not due to pathogen infection or cytokine-mediated immune suppression, but is rather part of the life history of Chinook salmon likely induced by diminished energy reserves or hormonal changes which accompany spawning.
","language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2015.11.015","usgsCitation":"Dolan, B.P., Fisher, K.M., Colvin, M., Benda, S.E., Peterson, J., Kent, M., and Schreck, C.B., 2016, Innate and adaptive immune responses in migrating spring-run adult chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha: Fish & Shellfish Immunology, v. 48, p. 136-144, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.11.015.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"136","endPage":"144","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068640","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Dexter Dam, Foster Dam, Minto Fish Collection Facility, Willamette Falls, Willamette River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.28857421875,\n 43.54854811091286\n ],\n [\n -123.28857421875,\n 45.60635207711834\n ],\n [\n -122.310791015625,\n 45.60635207711834\n ],\n [\n -122.310791015625,\n 43.54854811091286\n ],\n [\n -123.28857421875,\n 43.54854811091286\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"48","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56c4482be4b0946c652116ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dolan, Brian P.","contributorId":166916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dolan","given":"Brian","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620334,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, Kathleen M.","contributorId":43397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"Kathleen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620335,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Colvin, Michael E.","contributorId":140975,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Colvin","given":"Michael E.","affiliations":[{"id":6680,"text":"Oregon State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Benda, Susan E.","contributorId":166917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Benda","given":"Susan","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6638,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620338,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kent, Michael L.","contributorId":108420,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Michael L.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":620339,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620340,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70173989,"text":"70173989 - 2016 - Chesapeake Bay recovery and factors affecting trends: Long-termmonitoring, indicators, and insights","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-01-12T11:29:42","indexId":"70173989","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-16T02:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5094,"text":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","onlineIssn":"2352-4855","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chesapeake Bay recovery and factors affecting trends: Long-termmonitoring, indicators, and insights","docAbstract":"Monitoring the outcome of restoration efforts is the only way to identify the status of a recovery and the most effective management strategies. In this paper, we discuss Chesapeake Bay and watershed recovery and factors influencing water quality trends. For over 30 years, the Chesapeake Bay Program Partnership’s long-term tidal and watershed water quality monitoring networks have measured physical, chemical and biological parameters throughout the bay and its surrounding watershed underpinning an adaptive management process to drive ecosystem recovery. There are many natural and anthropogenic factors operating and interacting to affect the watershed and bay water quality recovery responses to management actions. Across habitats and indicators, the bay and its watershed continue to express a diverse spatial and temporal fabric of multiscale conditions, stressors and trends that show a range of health conditions and impairments, as well as evidence of progress and degradation. Recurrent independent reviews of the monitoring program have driven a culture of continued adaptation of the monitoring networks to reflect ever evolving management information needs. The adherence to bay and watershed-wide consistent monitoring protocols provides monitoring data supporting analyses and development of scientific syntheses that underpin indicator and model development, regulatory assessments, targeting of management actions, evaluation of management effectiveness, and directing of priorities and policies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2015.11.010","usgsCitation":"Tango, P.J., and Batiuk, R.A., 2016, Chesapeake Bay recovery and factors affecting trends: Long-termmonitoring, indicators, and insights: Regional Studies in Marine Science, v. 4, p. 12-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2015.11.010.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"12","endPage":"20","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067020","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324139,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Watershed includes New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, Delaware, and Maryland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.9427490234375,\n 36.85764758564407\n ],\n [\n -76.9427490234375,\n 39.66914219401813\n ],\n [\n -75.465087890625,\n 39.66914219401813\n ],\n [\n -75.465087890625,\n 36.85764758564407\n ],\n [\n -76.9427490234375,\n 36.85764758564407\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576a6533e4b07657d1a11d2c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tango, Peter J. pjtango@usgs.gov","contributorId":4088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tango","given":"Peter","email":"pjtango@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Batiuk, Richard A.","contributorId":8368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batiuk","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70168721,"text":"70168721 - 2016 - Nutrients in the nexus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T15:09:51","indexId":"70168721","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-15T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5058,"text":"Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nutrients in the nexus","docAbstract":"Synthetic nitrogen (N) fertilizer has enabled modern agriculture to greatly improve human nutrition during the twentieth century, but it has also created unintended human health and environmental pollution challenges for the twenty-first century. Averaged globally, about half of the fertilizer-N applied to farms is removed with the crops, while the other half remains in the soil or is lost from farmers’ fields, resulting in water and air pollution. As human population continues to grow and food security improves in the developing world, the dual development goals of producing more nutritious food with low pollution will require both technological and socio-economic innovations in agriculture. Two case studies presented here, one in sub-Saharan Africa and the other in Midwestern United States, demonstrate how management of nutrients, water, and energy is inextricably linked in both small-scale and large-scale food production, and that science-based solutions to improve the efficiency of nutrient use can optimize food production while minimizing pollution. To achieve the needed large increases in nutrient use efficiency, however, technological developments must be accompanied by policies that recognize the complex economic and social factors affecting farmer decision-making and national policy priorities. Farmers need access to affordable nutrient supplies and support information, and the costs of improving efficiencies and avoiding pollution may need to be shared by society through innovative policies. Success will require interdisciplinary partnerships across public and private sectors, including farmers, private sector crop advisors, commodity supply chains, government agencies, university research and extension, and consumers.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer US","doi":"10.1007/s13412-016-0364-y","usgsCitation":"Davidson, E.A., DuBose, R., Ferguson, R.B., Palm, C., Osmond, D.L., and Baron, J., 2016, Nutrients in the nexus: Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, v. 6, no. 1, p. 25-38, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13412-016-0364-y.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"25","endPage":"38","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070397","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471236,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13412-016-0364-y","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":323951,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-15","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576913dfe4b07657d19ff1fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davidson, Eric A.","contributorId":7983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davidson","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"DuBose, Rachel rldubose@ua.edu","contributorId":167204,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DuBose","given":"Rachel","email":"rldubose@ua.edu","affiliations":[{"id":37195,"text":"The University of Alabama","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":7083,"text":"University of Maryland","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":true,"id":621392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ferguson, Richard B.","contributorId":167205,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferguson","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12505,"text":"University of Nebraska - Lincoln","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Palm, Cheryl","contributorId":167206,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palm","given":"Cheryl","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7171,"text":"Columbia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Osmond, Deanna L.","contributorId":167207,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Osmond","given":"Deanna","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":7091,"text":"North Carolina State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baron, Jill S. 0000-0002-5902-6251 jill_baron@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5902-6251","contributorId":174080,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baron","given":"Jill S.","email":"jill_baron@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":621390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70169998,"text":"70169998 - 2016 - Wetland tree transpiration modified by river-floodplain connectivity","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-03T13:10:03","indexId":"70169998","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-15T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2319,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research G: Biogeosciences","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wetland tree transpiration modified by river-floodplain connectivity","docAbstract":"Hydrologic connectivity provisions water and nutrient subsidies to floodplain wetlands and may be particularly important in floodplains with seasonal water deficits through its effects on soil moisture. In this study, we measured sapflow in 26 trees of two dominant floodplain forest species (Celtis laevigata and Quercus lyrata) at two hydrologically distinct sites in the lower White River floodplain in Arkansas, USA. Our objective was to investigate how connectivity-driven water table variations affected water use, an indicator of tree function. Meteorological variables (photosynthetically active radiation and vapor pressure deficit) were the dominant controls over water use at both sites; however, water table variations explained some site differences. At the wetter site, highest sapflow rates were during a late-season overbank flooding event, and no flood stress was apparent. At the drier site, sapflow decreased as the water table receded. The late-season flood pulse that resulted in flooding at the wetter site did not affect the water table at the drier site; accordingly, higher water use was not observed at the drier site. The species generally associated with wetter conditions (Q. lyrata) was more positively responsive to the flood pulse. Flood water subsidy lengthened the effective growing season, demonstrating ecological implications of hydrologic connectivity for alleviating water deficits that otherwise reduce function in this humid floodplain wetland.
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To better understand the bioavailability of Pb to birds, we measured blood Pb concentrations in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) fed diets containing Pb-contaminated soils. Relative bioavailabilities were expressed by comparison with blood Pb concentrations in quail fed a Pb acetate reference diet. Diets containing soil from five Pb-contaminated Superfund sites had relative bioavailabilities from 33%-63%, with a mean of about 50%. Treatment of two of the soils with phosphorus significantly reduced the bioavailability of Pb. Bioaccessibility of Pb in the test soils was then measured in six in vitro tests and regressed on bioavailability. They were: the “Relative Bioavailability Leaching Procedure” (RBALP) at pH 1.5, the same test conducted at pH 2.5, the “Ohio State University In vitro Gastrointestinal” method (OSU IVG), the “Urban Soil Bioaccessible Lead Test”, the modified “Physiologically Based Extraction Test” and the “Waterfowl Physiologically Based Extraction Test.” All regressions had positive slopes. Based on criteria of slope and coefficient of determination, the RBALP pH 2.5 and OSU IVG tests performed very well. Speciation by X-ray absorption spectroscopy demonstrated that, on average, most of the Pb in the sampled soils was sorbed to minerals (30%), bound to organic matter (24%), or present as Pb sulfate (18%). Additional Pb was associated with P (chloropyromorphite, hydroxypyromorphite and tertiary Pb phosphate), and with Pb carbonates, leadhillite (a lead sulfate carbonate hydroxide), and Pb sulfide. The formation of chloropyromorphite reduced the bioavailability of Pb and the amendment of Pb-contaminated soils with P may be a thermodynamically favored means to sequester Pb.
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As the area of these wetlands has changed, so too has the spatial configuration of the landscape. The resulting landscape is a mosaic of patches of wetlands and open water. This study examined the spatial and temporal variability of trajectories of landscape configuration and the relation of those patterns to the trajectories of land change in wetlands during a 1985–2010 observation period. Spatial configuration was quantified using multi-temporal satellite imagery and an aggregation index (AI). The results of this analysis indicate that coastal Louisiana experienced a reduction in the AI of coastal wetlands of 1.07 %. In general, forested wetland and fresh marsh types displayed the highest aggregation and stability. The remaining marsh types, (intermediate, brackish, and saline) all experienced disaggregation during the time period, with increasing severity of disaggregation along an increasing salinity gradient. Finally, a correlation (r 2 = 0.5562) was found between AI and the land change rate for the subsequent period, indicating that fragmentation can increase the vulnerability of wetlands to further wetland loss. These results can help identify coastal areas which are susceptible to future wetland loss.
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Each side of two plates was subdivided into 16 subareas (25 × 25 cm), and an observational strategy was developed whereby, at approximately two-week intervals, a different subarea was cleaned. Using this approach, we were able to photographically document species recruitment and growth interactions. Water temperature records from the site show that steady warming and cooling between 3 and 20° C changed at a mean rate of 0.2 ° C d-1. However, temperature changes during the coolest and warmest parts of the temperature cycle were highly variable. In 2014, between the first and last occurrence of 0° C, temperatures were ≤0° C 15 percent of the time, but in 2015 temperatures were ≤0° C 93 percent of the time. In 2014, between the first and last occurrence of 21° C, temperatures were ≥21° C 88 percent of the time, and this warm period correlated with the disappearance of the hydroid Ectopleura crocea, the solitary tunicates Ascidiella aspersa and Ciona intestinalis, and the 2013 generation of Botrylloides violaceus. In Woods Hole, large plates provided enough space to accommodate both fast- and slow-colonizing species, resulting in the establishment of a diverse assemblage that was observed over a long time period. The most successful colonizing species had relatively long reproductive and recruitment periods, grew rapidly, repelled settlement onto their surfaces by larvae of any species, defended themselves against overgrowth by any species, overwintered, and lived a long time. Of the three dominant species observed in this study, the colonial tunicates Didemnum vexillum and Botrylloides violaceus had these qualities; the encrusting colonial bryozoan Schizoporella unicornis had all but one, it grew more slowly than the others. Barnacles constituted the only biological substrate that was effectively colonized by other species, both by larval recruitment and overgrowth. In Woods Hole, after a substrate had become fully colonized, there was very little opportunity for new recruitment or colony growth until new substrate opened after the death of colonies and individuals and the disappearance of biogenic structures such as amphipod tubes. An understanding of colonization processes utilized by invasive species allows prediction of their potential effects on ecosystems in areas where they are not yet present.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Management of Biological Invasions","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"conferenceTitle":"5th International Invasive Sea Squirt Conference","conferenceDate":"Oct. 29-31, 2014","conferenceLocation":"Woods Hole, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre","publisherLocation":"Spain","doi":"10.3391/mbi.2016.7.1.14","usgsCitation":"Valentine, P.C., Carman, M., and Blackwood, D.S., 2016, Observations of recruitment and colonization by tunicates and associated invertebrates using giant one-meter2 recruitment plates at Woods Hole, Massachusetts: Management of Biological Invasions, v. 7, no. 1, p. 115-130, https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2016.7.1.14.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"115","endPage":"130","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-072849","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471240,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2016.7.1.14","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":318576,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","city":"Woods Hole","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.6756067276001,\n 41.51834634058004\n ],\n [\n -70.6756067276001,\n 41.52959176830832\n ],\n [\n -70.66213130950928,\n 41.52959176830832\n ],\n [\n -70.66213130950928,\n 41.51834634058004\n ],\n [\n -70.6756067276001,\n 41.51834634058004\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"7","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56dabfeee4b015c306f84ce4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Valentine, Page C. 0000-0002-0485-6266 pvalentine@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-6266","contributorId":1947,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Valentine","given":"Page","email":"pvalentine@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621958,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carman, M.R.","contributorId":24177,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carman","given":"M.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":621959,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Blackwood, Dann S. dblackwood@usgs.gov","contributorId":2457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blackwood","given":"Dann","email":"dblackwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70168438,"text":"70168438 - 2016 - The distribution and composition of REE-bearing minerals in placers of the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-16T14:18:33","indexId":"70168438","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-12T14:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The distribution and composition of REE-bearing minerals in placers of the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains, USA","docAbstract":"Rare earth element (REE) resources are currently of great interest because of their importance as raw materials for high-technology manufacturing. The REE-phosphates monazite (light REE enriched) and xenotime (heavy REE enriched) resist weathering and can accumulate in placer deposits as part of the heavy mineral assemblage. The Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains of the southeastern United States are known to host heavy mineral deposits with economic concentrations of zircon, ilmenite and rutile. This study provides a perspective on the distribution and composition of REE phosphate minerals in the region. The elemental chemistry and mineralogy of sands and associated heavy-mineral assemblages from new and archived sediment samples across the coastal plains are examined, along with phase-specific compositions of monazite, xenotime and zircon. Both monazite and xenotime are present across the coastal plains. The phase-specific compositions allow monazite content to be estimated using La as a geochemical proxy. Similarly, both Y and Yb are geochemical proxies for xenotime, but their additional presence in zircon and monazite require a correction to prevent overestimation of xenotime content. Applying this correction, maps of monazite and xenotime content across the coastal plains were generated using sample coverage from the National Geochemical Database (NGS) and National Uranium Resource Evaluation (NURE). The NGS and NURE approach of sampling stream sediments in small watersheds links samples to nearby lithologies. The results show an approximately 40 km-wide band of primarily Cretaceous, marine sediments bordering the Piedmont province from North Carolina to Alabama in which monazite and xenotime content are relatively high (up to 4.4 wt. % in < 150 μm bulk sediment). Strong correlations between concentrations of the two phases were found, with estimated monazite:xenotime ratios ranging approximately 6:1 to 12:1 depending upon the dataset analyzed. From a resource perspective, xenotime correlation with monazite indicates a heavy REE potential in coastal plain placers, and exploration may be warranted within the identified coastal plain band along the boundary of the Piedmont region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.gexplo.2015.12.011","usgsCitation":"Bern, C.R., Shah, A.K., Benzel, W., and Lowers, H., 2016, The distribution and composition of REE-bearing minerals in placers of the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains, USA: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 162, p. 50-61, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2015.12.011.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"50","endPage":"61","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066561","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318006,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.669921875,\n 28.613459424004414\n ],\n [\n -91.669921875,\n 38.548165423046584\n ],\n [\n -74.794921875,\n 38.548165423046584\n ],\n [\n -74.794921875,\n 28.613459424004414\n ],\n [\n -91.669921875,\n 28.613459424004414\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"162","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bf0236e4b06458514b3129","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bern, Carleton R. 0000-0002-8980-1781 cbern@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8980-1781","contributorId":166816,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bern","given":"Carleton","email":"cbern@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":620135,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shah, Anjana K. 0000-0002-3198-081X ashah@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3198-081X","contributorId":2297,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shah","given":"Anjana","email":"ashah@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620136,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Benzel, William 0000-0002-4085-1876 wbenzel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4085-1876","contributorId":3594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benzel","given":"William","email":"wbenzel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Lowers, Heather A. hlowers@usgs.gov","contributorId":149265,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lowers","given":"Heather A.","email":"hlowers@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":620138,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168428,"text":"70168428 - 2016 - Production of greenhouse-grown biocrust mosses and associated cyanobacteria to rehabilitate dryland soil function","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-05-12T10:37:55","indexId":"70168428","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-12T14:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3271,"text":"Restoration Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Production of greenhouse-grown biocrust mosses and associated cyanobacteria to rehabilitate dryland soil function","docAbstract":"Mosses are an often-overlooked component of dryland ecosystems, yet they are common members of biological soil crust communities (biocrusts) and provide key ecosystem services, including soil stabilization, water retention, carbon fixation, and housing of N2 fixing cyanobacteria. Mosses are able to survive long dry periods, respond rapidly to precipitation, and reproduce vegetatively. With these qualities, dryland mosses have the potential to be an excellent dryland restoration material. Unfortunately, dryland mosses are often slow growing in nature, and ex situ cultivation methods are needed to enhance their utility. Our goal was to determine how to rapidly produce, vegetatively, Syntrichia caninervis and S. ruralis, common and abundant moss species in drylands of North America and elsewhere, in a greenhouse. We manipulated the length of hydration on a weekly schedule (5, 4, 3, or 2 days continuous hydration per week), crossed with fertilization (once at the beginning, monthly, biweekly, or not at all). Moss biomass increased sixfold for both species in 4 months, an increase that would require years under dryland field conditions. Both moss species preferred short hydration and monthly fertilizer. Remarkably, we also unintentionally cultured a variety of other important biocrust organisms, including cyanobacteria and lichens. In only 6 months, we produced functionally mature biocrusts, as evidenced by high productivity and ecosystem-relevant levels of N2 fixation. Our results suggest that biocrust mosses might be the ideal candidate for biocrust cultivation for restoration purposes. With optimization, these methods are the first step in developing a moss-based biocrust rehabilitation technology.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Ecological Restoration","doi":"10.1111/rec.12311","usgsCitation":"Antoninka, A., Bowker, M.A., Reed, S.C., and Doherty, K., 2016, Production of greenhouse-grown biocrust mosses and associated cyanobacteria to rehabilitate dryland soil function: Restoration Ecology, v. 24, no. 3, p. 324-335, https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12311.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"324","endPage":"335","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068497","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318003,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bf0230e4b06458514b310a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Antoninka, Anita","contributorId":166769,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Antoninka","given":"Anita","affiliations":[{"id":24503,"text":"Northern Arizona University, School of Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620058,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowker, Matthew A. mbowker@usgs.gov","contributorId":2875,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bowker","given":"Matthew","email":"mbowker@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":620059,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, Sasha C. 0000-0002-8597-8619 screed@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8597-8619","contributorId":462,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reed","given":"Sasha","email":"screed@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620057,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Doherty, Kyle 0000-0002-3742-7839 kdoherty@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3742-7839","contributorId":166770,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Doherty","given":"Kyle","email":"kdoherty@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70169052,"text":"70169052 - 2016 - Sex-specific energetics of Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) during the nursing interval","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-06-16T17:49:13","indexId":"70169052","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-12T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3075,"text":"Physiological and Biochemical Zoology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sex-specific energetics of Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) during the nursing interval","docAbstract":"Habitat use and activity patterns of Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) have changed with climate-induced reductions in sea ice. Increases in the time active in water could result in negative energy balance, precluding females from sustaining lactation, which could impact population demographics. Little is known about lactation costs in walruses. We examined the energetics of 0–2-yr-old walrus calves by using Bayesian hierarchical models based on longitudinal husbandry records of growth (n = 6 females and 7 males) and caloric intake (n = 5 females and 6 males) as a proxy for maternal lactation costs. Males and females had similar growth patterns; mean mass increased from 68 kg at birth to 301 kg by 2 yr. Females had a 2,000 kcal kg−1 higher mass storage (growth) cost than males; females typically synthesize and deposit greater amounts of adipose, which is more energy dense than lean tissue. In contrast, males had higher metabolic (basal and activity) costs, ranging from 600 to 1,800 kcal d−1 greater than similarly sized females; males are typically leaner, and muscle is more metabolically active than adipose. Yet total daily energy requirements (storage plus metabolic components) were similar across sexes, summing to approximately 190,000 kcal over the first month postpartum. Based on these estimates and assuming that 8,103 kcal is recovered from 1 kg of mass loss in adult female walruses, suckling calves could deplete 23 kg of their mother’s body mass over the first month after parturition if none of the lactation costs is met through ingested prey.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Physiological and Biochemical Zoology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","publisherLocation":"Chicago, IL","doi":"10.1086/685454","usgsCitation":"Noren, S.R., Udevitz, M.S., and Jay, C.V., 2016, Sex-specific energetics of Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) during the nursing interval: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, v. 89, no. 2, p. 93-109, https://doi.org/10.1086/685454.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"109","numberOfPages":"17","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063740","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318848,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"89","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56e7e0c3e4b0f59b85d6ab05","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noren, Shawn R.","contributorId":127697,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noren","given":"Shawn","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":622688,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Udevitz, Mark S. 0000-0003-4659-138X mudevitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4659-138X","contributorId":3189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Udevitz","given":"Mark","email":"mudevitz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622687,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jay, Chadwick V. 0000-0002-9559-2189 cjay@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9559-2189","contributorId":192736,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jay","given":"Chadwick","email":"cjay@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":622689,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70168399,"text":"70168399 - 2016 - Seasonal flows of international British Columbia-Alaska rivers: The nonlinear influence of ocean-atmosphere circulation patterns","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-15T11:25:31","indexId":"70168399","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-12T14:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal flows of international British Columbia-Alaska rivers: The nonlinear influence of ocean-atmosphere circulation patterns","docAbstract":"The northern portion of the Pacific coastal temperate rainforest (PCTR) is one of the least anthropogenically modified regions on earth and remains in many respects a frontier area to science. Rivers crossing the northern PCTR, which is also an international boundary region between British Columbia, Canada and Alaska, USA, deliver large freshwater and biogeochemical fluxes to the Gulf of Alaska and establish linkages between coastal and continental ecosystems. We evaluate interannual flow variability in three transboundary PCTR watersheds in response to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), Arctic Oscillation (AO), and North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO). Historical hydroclimatic datasets from both Canada and the USA are analyzed using an up-to-date methodological suite accommodating both seasonally transient and highly nonlinear teleconnections. We find that streamflow teleconnections occur over particular seasonal windows reflecting the intersection of specific atmospheric and terrestrial hydrologic processes. The strongest signal is a snowmelt-driven flow timing shift resulting from ENSO- and PDO-associated temperature anomalies. Autumn rainfall runoff is also modulated by these climate modes, and a glacier-mediated teleconnection contributes to a late-summer ENSO-flow association. Teleconnections between AO and freshet flows reflect corresponding temperature and precipitation anomalies. A coherent NPGO signal is not clearly evident in streamflow. Linear and monotonically nonlinear teleconnections were widely identified, with less evidence for the parabolic effects that can play an important role elsewhere. The streamflow teleconnections did not vary greatly between hydrometric stations, presumably reflecting broad similarities in watershed characteristics. These results establish a regional foundation for both transboundary water management and studies of long-term hydroclimatic and environmental change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.10.007","usgsCitation":"Fleming, S.W., Hood, E., Dalhke, H., and O’Neel, S., 2016, Seasonal flows of international British Columbia-Alaska rivers: The nonlinear influence of ocean-atmosphere circulation patterns: Advances in Water Resources, v. 87, p. 42-55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2015.10.007.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"42","endPage":"55","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-068958","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471241,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7pg1n1rj","text":"External Repository"},{"id":317991,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Alaska, British Columbia","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -140,\n 55\n ],\n [\n -140,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -125,\n 60\n ],\n [\n -125,\n 55\n ],\n [\n -140,\n 55\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"87","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bf0231e4b06458514b310f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, Sean W.","contributorId":140495,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fleming","given":"Sean","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hood, Eran","contributorId":106802,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hood","given":"Eran","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dalhke, Helen","contributorId":166741,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dalhke","given":"Helen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12711,"text":"UC Davis","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619943,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"O’Neel, Shad 0000-0002-9185-0144 soneel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9185-0144","contributorId":166740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neel","given":"Shad","email":"soneel@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":120,"text":"Alaska Science Center Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":622,"text":"Washington Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":107,"text":"Alaska Climate Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70162708,"text":"tm6A54 - 2016 - T-COMP — A suite of programs for extracting transmissivity from MODFLOW models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-04-26T18:48:27.528677","indexId":"tm6A54","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-12T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":335,"text":"Techniques and Methods","code":"TM","onlineIssn":"2328-7055","printIssn":"2328-7047","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"6-A54","title":"T-COMP — A suite of programs for extracting transmissivity from MODFLOW models","docAbstract":"Simulated transmissivities are constrained poorly by assigning permissible ranges of hydraulic conductivities from aquifer-test results to hydrogeologic units in groundwater-flow models. These wide ranges are derived from interpretations of many aquifer tests that are categorized by hydrogeologic unit. Uncertainty is added where contributing thicknesses differ between field estimates and numerical models. Wide ranges of hydraulic conductivities and discordant thicknesses result in simulated transmissivities that frequently are much greater than aquifer-test results. Multiple orders of magnitude differences frequently occur between simulated and observed transmissivities where observed transmissivities are less than 1,000 feet squared per day.
Transmissivity observations from individual aquifer tests can constrain model calibration as head and flow observations do. This approach is superior to diluting aquifer-test results into generalized ranges of hydraulic conductivities. Observed and simulated transmissivities can be compared directly with T-COMP, a suite of three FORTRAN programs. Transmissivity observations require that simulated hydraulic conductivities and thicknesses in the volume investigated by an aquifer test be extracted and integrated into a simulated transmissivity. Transmissivities of MODFLOW model cells are sampled within the volume affected by an aquifer test as defined by a well-specific, radial-flow model of each aquifer test. Sampled transmissivities of model cells are averaged within a layer and summed across layers. Accuracy of the approach was tested with hypothetical, multiple-aquifer models where specified transmissivities ranged between 250 and 20,000 feet squared per day. More than 90 percent of simulated transmissivities were within a factor of 2 of specified transmissivities.
","largerWorkType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"largerWorkTitle":"Section A: Groundwater in Book 6: Modeling Techniques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/tm6A54","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration, Nevada Site Office, Office of Environmental Management, under Interagency Agreement, DE-NA0001654/DE-AI52-12NA30865","usgsCitation":"Halford, K.J., 2016, T-COMP — A suite of programs for extracting transmissivity from MODFLOW models: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 6, chap. A54, 17 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/tm6A54.","productDescription":"Report: vii, 17 p.; 5 Appendixes","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-071244","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":399691,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_103962.htm"},{"id":317977,"rank":6,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a54/tm6a54_appendixe_Verification.zip","text":"Appendix E","description":"Appendix E","linkHelpText":"Results from T-COMP Verification"},{"id":317976,"rank":5,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a54/tm6a54_appendixd_Regional-SiteCOMPARE.zip","text":"Appendix D","description":"Appendix D","linkHelpText":"T-COMP_Compare–A Workbook for Comparing Simulated Transmissivities Sampled with T-COMP to Specified Values"},{"id":317975,"rank":4,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a54/tm6a54_appendixc_Codes_T-COMP.v1.00.zip","text":"Appendix C","description":"Appendix C","linkHelpText":"Source Codes for T-COMP Programs"},{"id":317974,"rank":3,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a54/tm6a54_appendixb_T-COMP.v.1.00.zip","text":"Appendix B","description":"Appendix B","linkHelpText":"T-COMP Programs, Pre-Processing Tools, and an Example"},{"id":317973,"rank":2,"type":{"id":3,"text":"Appendix"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a54/tm6a54_appendixa_AquiferTests+PDFs.zip","text":"Appendix A","description":"Appendix A","linkHelpText":"Aquifer Tests and Comparisons between Probability Distributions of Transmissivities from Hydraulic-Conductivity Limits and Aquifer-Test Results"},{"id":317978,"rank":7,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a54/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":317972,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/06/a54/tm6A54.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"TM6-A54 Report PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -116.6667,\n 36.6417\n ],\n [\n -115.9333,\n 36.6417\n ],\n [\n -115.9333,\n 37.3667\n ],\n [\n -116.6667,\n 37.3667\n ],\n [\n -116.6667,\n 36.6417\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"This report is Chapter 54 of Section A: Groundwater in Book 6: Modeling Techniques.","contact":"Nevada Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
2730 N. Deer Run Rd.
Carson City, NV 89701
http://nevada.usgs.gov/water/
The cold and clear water conditions present below many large dams create ideal conditions for the development of economically important salmonid fisheries. Many of these tailwater fisheries have experienced declines in the abundance and condition of large trout species, yet the causes of these declines remain uncertain. Here, we develop, assess, and apply a drift-foraging bioenergetics model to identify the factors limiting rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) growth in a large tailwater. We explored the relative importance of temperature, prey quantity, and prey size by constructing scenarios where these variables, both singly and in combination, were altered. Predicted growth matched empirical mass-at-age estimates, particularly for younger ages, demonstrating that the model accurately describes how current temperature and prey conditions interact to determine rainbow trout growth. Modeling scenarios that artificially inflated prey size and abundance demonstrate that rainbow trout growth is limited by the scarcity of large prey items and overall prey availability. For example, shifting 10% of the prey biomass to the 13 mm (large) length class, without increasing overall prey biomass, increased lifetime maximum mass of rainbow trout by 88%. Additionally, warmer temperatures resulted in lower predicted growth at current and lower levels of prey availability; however, growth was similar across all temperatures at higher levels of prey availability. Climate change will likely alter flow and temperature regimes in large rivers with corresponding changes to invertebrate prey resources used by fish. Broader application of drift-foraging bioenergetics models to build a mechanistic understanding of how changes to habitat conditions and prey resources affect growth of salmonids will benefit management of tailwater fisheries.
","language":"English","publisher":"NRC Research Press","doi":"10.1139/cjfas-2015-0268","usgsCitation":"Dodrill, M.J., Yackulic, C.B., Kennedy, T.A., and Haye, J.W., 2016, Prey size and availability limits maximum size of rainbow trout in a large tailwater: insights from a drift-foraging bioenergetics model: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 73, no. 5, p. 759-772, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0268.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"759","endPage":"772","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-065511","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317928,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona","otherGeospatial":"Lees Ferry, Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.62452697753906,\n 36.82632511529419\n ],\n [\n -111.62452697753906,\n 36.86204269508728\n ],\n [\n -111.5939712524414,\n 36.86204269508728\n ],\n [\n -111.5939712524414,\n 36.82632511529419\n ],\n [\n -111.62452697753906,\n 36.82632511529419\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"73","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bdb0b1e4b06458514aeeae","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dodrill, Michael J. 0000-0002-7038-7170 mdodrill@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7038-7170","contributorId":5468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dodrill","given":"Michael","email":"mdodrill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Yackulic, Charles B. 0000-0001-9661-0724 cyackulic@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9661-0724","contributorId":4662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yackulic","given":"Charles","email":"cyackulic@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kennedy, Theodore A. tkennedy@usgs.gov","contributorId":166704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"Theodore","email":"tkennedy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":619785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Haye, John W","contributorId":166705,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Haye","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"W","affiliations":[{"id":24493,"text":"Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168342,"text":"70168342 - 2016 - Wide-area estimates of evapotranspiration by red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) and associated vegetation in the Murray-Darling River Basin, Australia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-21T10:59:08","indexId":"70168342","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-10T13:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wide-area estimates of evapotranspiration by red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) and associated vegetation in the Murray-Darling River Basin, Australia","docAbstract":"Floodplain red gum forests (Eucalyptus camaldulensis plus associated grasses, reeds and sedges) are sites of high biodiversity in otherwise arid regions of southeastern Australia. They depend on periodic floods from rivers, but dams and diversions have reduced flood frequencies and volumes, leading to deterioration of trees and associated biota. There is a need to determine their water requirements so environmental flows can be administered to maintain or restore the forests. Their water requirements include the frequency and extent of overbank flooding, which recharges the floodplain soils with water, as well as the actual amount of water consumed in evapotranspiration (ET). We estimated the flooding requirements and ET for a 38 134 ha area of red gum forest fed by the Murrumbidgee River in Yanga National Park, New South Wales. ET was estimated by three methods: sap flux sensors placed in individual trees; a remote sensing method based on the Enhanced Vegetation Index from MODIS satellite imagery and a water balance method based on differences between river flows into and out of the forest. The methods gave comparable estimates yet covered different spatial and temporal scales. We estimated flood frequency and volume requirements by comparing Normalized Difference Vegetation Index values from Landsat images with flood history from 1995 to 2014, which included both wet periods and dry periods. ET during wet years is about 50% of potential ET but is much less in dry years because of the trees' ability to control stomatal conductance. Based on our analyses plus other studies, red gum trees at this location require environmental flows of 2000 GL yr−1 every other year, with peak flows of 20 000 ML d−1, to produce flooding sufficient to keep them in good condition. However, only about 120–200 GL yr−1 of river water is consumed in ET, with the remainder flowing out of the forest where it enters the Murray River system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.10734","usgsCitation":"Nagler, P.L., Doody, T.M., Glenn, E.P., Jarchow, C.J., Barreto-Munoz, A., and Didan, K., 2016, Wide-area estimates of evapotranspiration by red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) and associated vegetation in the Murray-Darling River Basin, Australia: Hydrological Processes, v. 30, no. 9, p. 1376-1387, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10734.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"1376","endPage":"1387","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064981","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317918,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia","otherGeospatial":"Murray-Darling River Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 143.4814453125,\n -34.73032697882121\n ],\n [\n 143.4814453125,\n -34.31394984163212\n ],\n [\n 144.35623168945312,\n -34.31394984163212\n ],\n [\n 144.35623168945312,\n -34.73032697882121\n ],\n [\n 143.4814453125,\n -34.73032697882121\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"30","issue":"9","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bc5f35e4b08d617f660028","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X pnagler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":1398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","email":"pnagler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619773,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Doody, Tanya M.","contributorId":138691,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Doody","given":"Tanya","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":12494,"text":"CSIRO Land and Water, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619774,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Glenn, Edward P.","contributorId":19289,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glenn","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jarchow, Christopher J. 0000-0002-0424-4104 cjarchow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0424-4104","contributorId":5813,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarchow","given":"Christopher","email":"cjarchow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":619776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Barreto-Munoz, Armando","contributorId":131000,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Barreto-Munoz","given":"Armando","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7204,"text":"University of Arizona, Electrical and Computer Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619777,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Didan, Kamel","contributorId":130999,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Didan","given":"Kamel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7204,"text":"University of Arizona, Electrical and Computer Engineering","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619778,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70168332,"text":"70168332 - 2016 - Extensive dispersal of Roanoke logperch (Percina rex) inferred from genetic marker data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-10T11:06:44","indexId":"70168332","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-10T12:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1471,"text":"Ecology of Freshwater Fish","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extensive dispersal of Roanoke logperch (Percina rex) inferred from genetic marker data","docAbstract":"The dispersal ecology of most stream fishes is poorly characterised, complicating conservation efforts for these species. We used microsatellite DNA marker data to characterise dispersal patterns and effective population size (Ne) for a population of Roanoke logperchPercina rex, an endangered darter (Percidae). Juveniles and candidate parents were sampled for 2 years at sites throughout the Roanoke River watershed. Dispersal was inferred via genetic assignment tests (ATs), pedigree reconstruction (PR) and estimation of lifetime dispersal distance under a genetic isolation-by-distance model. Estimates of Ne varied from 105 to 1218 individuals, depending on the estimation method. Based on PR, polygamy was frequent in parents of both sexes, with individuals spawning with an average of 2.4 mates. The sample contained 61 half-sibling pairs, but only one parent–offspring pair and no full-sib pairs, which limited our ability to discriminate natal dispersal of juveniles from breeding dispersal of their parents between spawning events. Nonetheless, all methods indicated extensive dispersal. The AT indicated unrestricted dispersal among sites ≤15 km apart, while siblings inferred by the PR were captured an average of 14 km and up to 55 km apart. Model-based estimates of median lifetime dispersal distance (6–24 km, depending on assumptions) bracketed AT and PR estimates, indicating that widely dispersed individuals do, on average, contribute to gene flow. Extensive dispersal of P. rex suggests that darters and other small benthic stream fishes may be unexpectedly mobile. Monitoring and management activities for such populations should encompass entire watersheds to fully capture population dynamics.
","language":"English","publisher":"John Wiley & Sons","doi":"10.1111/eff.12177","usgsCitation":"Roberts, J.H., Angermeier, P.L., and Hallerman, E.M., 2016, Extensive dispersal of Roanoke logperch (Percina rex) inferred from genetic marker data: Ecology of Freshwater Fish, v. 25, no. 1, p. 1-16, https://doi.org/10.1111/eff.12177.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-037298","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317905,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2014-08-25","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bc5f30e4b08d617f660010","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roberts, James H.","contributorId":83811,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roberts","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. 0000-0003-2864-170X biota@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-170X","contributorId":166679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619704,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hallerman, Eric M.","contributorId":40501,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hallerman","given":"Eric","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70168337,"text":"70168337 - 2016 - An empirical assessment of which inland floods can be managed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-10T10:24:37","indexId":"70168337","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-10T11:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2258,"text":"Journal of Environmental Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An empirical assessment of which inland floods can be managed","docAbstract":"Riverine flooding is a significant global issue. Although it is well documented that the influence of landscape structure on floods decreases as flood size increases, studies that define a threshold flood-return period, above which landscape features such as topography, land cover and impoundments can curtail floods, are lacking. Further, the relative influences of natural versus built features on floods is poorly understood. Assumptions about the types of floods that can be managed have considerable implications for the cost-effectiveness of decisions to invest in transforming land cover (e.g., reforestation) and in constructing structures (e.g., storm-water ponds) to control floods. This study defines parameters of floods for which changes in landscape structure can have an impact. We compare nine flood-return periods across 31 watersheds with widely varying topography and land cover in the southeastern United States, using long-term hydrologic records (≥20 years). We also assess the effects of built flow-regulating features (best management practices and artificial water bodies) on selected flood metrics across urban watersheds. We show that landscape features affect magnitude and duration of only those floods with return periods ≤10 years, which suggests that larger floods cannot be managed effectively by manipulating landscape structure. Overall, urban watersheds exhibited larger (270 m3/s) but quicker (0.41 days) floods than non-urban watersheds (50 m3/s and 1.5 days). However, urban watersheds with more flow-regulating features had lower flood magnitudes (154 m3/s), but similar flood durations (0.55 days), compared to urban watersheds with fewer flow-regulating features (360 m3/s and 0.23 days). Our analysis provides insight into the magnitude, duration and count of floods that can be curtailed by landscape structure and its management. Our findings are relevant to other areas with similar climate, topography, and land use, and can help ensure that investments in flood management are made wisely after considering the limitations of landscape features to regulate floods.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.044","usgsCitation":"Mogollon, B., Frimpong, E.A., Hoegh, A.B., and Angermeier, P.L., 2016, An empirical assessment of which inland floods can be managed: Journal of Environmental Management, v. 167, p. 38-48, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.044.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"48","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060039","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471247,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.044","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":317898,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"167","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bc5f2ce4b08d617f65ffe0","chorus":{"doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.044","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.044","publisher":"Elsevier BV","authors":"Mogollón Beatriz, Frimpong Emmanuel A., Hoegh Andrew B., Angermeier Paul L.","journalName":"Journal of Environmental Management","publicationDate":"2/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mogollon, Beatriz","contributorId":166682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mogollon","given":"Beatriz","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35590,"text":"USAID/USFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frimpong, Emmanuel A.","contributorId":79372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frimpong","given":"Emmanuel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619720,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hoegh, Andrew B.","contributorId":166684,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hoegh","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":12694,"text":"Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. 0000-0003-2864-170X biota@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-170X","contributorId":166679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619709,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168338,"text":"70168338 - 2016 - Mapping technological and biophysical capacities of watersheds to regulate floods","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-10T10:05:12","indexId":"70168338","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-10T11:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1456,"text":"Ecological Indicators","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mapping technological and biophysical capacities of watersheds to regulate floods","docAbstract":"Flood regulation is a widely valued and studied service provided by watersheds. Flood regulation benefits people directly by decreasing the socio-economic costs of flooding and indirectly by its positive impacts on cultural (e.g., fishing) and provisioning (e.g., water supply) ecosystem services. Like other regulating ecosystem services (e.g., pollination, water purification), flood regulation is often enhanced or replaced by technology, but the relative efficacy of natural versus technological features in controlling floods has scarcely been examined. In an effort to assess flood regulation capacity for selected urban watersheds in the southeastern United States, we: (1) used long-term flood records to assess relative influence of technological and biophysical indicators on flood magnitude and duration, (2) compared the widely used runoff curve number (RCN) approach for assessing the biophysical capacity to regulate floods to an alternative approach that acknowledges land cover and soil properties separately, and (3) mapped technological and biophysical flood regulation capacities based on indicator importance-values derived for flood magnitude and duration. We found that watersheds with high biophysical (via the alternative approach) and technological capacities lengthened the duration and lowered the peak of floods. We found the RCN approach yielded results opposite that expected, possibly because it confounds soil and land cover processes, particularly in urban landscapes, while our alternative approach coherently separates these processes. Mapping biophysical (via the alternative approach) and technological capacities revealed great differences among watersheds. Our study improves on previous mapping of flood regulation by (1) incorporating technological capacity, (2) providing high spatial resolution (i.e., 10-m pixel) maps of watershed capacities, and (3) deriving importance-values for selected landscape indicators. By accounting for technology that enhances or replaces natural flood regulation, our approach enables watershed managers to make more informed choices in their flood-control investments.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.09.049","usgsCitation":"Mogollon, B., Villamagna, A., Frimpong, E.A., and Angermeier, P.L., 2016, Mapping technological and biophysical capacities of watersheds to regulate floods: Ecological Indicators, v. 61, no. 2, p. 483-499, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.09.049.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"483","endPage":"499","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060338","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471250,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.09.049","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":317897,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"61","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bc5f35e4b08d617f660020","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mogollon, Beatriz","contributorId":166682,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mogollon","given":"Beatriz","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35590,"text":"USAID/USFS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Villamagna, Amy M.","contributorId":166683,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Villamagna","given":"Amy M.","affiliations":[{"id":35056,"text":"Plymouth State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":619717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Frimpong, Emmanuel A.","contributorId":79372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frimpong","given":"Emmanuel","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":619718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Angermeier, Paul L. 0000-0003-2864-170X biota@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2864-170X","contributorId":166679,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Angermeier","given":"Paul","email":"biota@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":619710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70173988,"text":"70173988 - 2016 - Regional monitoring programs in the United States: Synthesis of four case studies from Pacific, Atlantic, and Gulf Coasts","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-30T11:23:43","indexId":"70173988","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-10T09:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5094,"text":"Regional Studies in Marine Science","onlineIssn":"2352-4855","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional monitoring programs in the United States: Synthesis of four case studies from Pacific, Atlantic, and Gulf Coasts","docAbstract":"Water quality monitoring is a cornerstone of environmental protection and ambient monitoring provides managers with the critical data they need to take informed action. Unlike site-specific monitoring that is at the heart of regulatory permit compliance, regional monitoring can provide an integrated, holistic view of the environment, allowing managers to obtain a more complete picture of natural variability and cumulative impacts, and more effectively prioritize management actions. By reviewing four long-standing regional monitoring programs that cover portions of all three coasts in the United States – Chesapeake Bay, Tampa Bay, Southern California Bight, and San Francisco Bay – important insights can be gleaned about the benefits that regional monitoring provides to managers. These insights include the underlying reasons that make regional monitoring programs successful, the challenges to maintain relevance and viability in the face of ever-changing technology, competing demands and shifting management priorities. The lessons learned can help other managers achieve similar successes as they seek to establish and reinvigorate their own monitoring programs.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.rsma.2015.11.007","usgsCitation":"Tango, P.J., Schiff, K., Trowbridge, P., Sherwood, E., and Batiuk, R., 2016, Regional monitoring programs in the United States: Synthesis of four case studies from Pacific, Atlantic, and Gulf Coasts: Regional Studies in Marine Science, v. 4, p. A1-A7, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2015.11.007.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"A1","endPage":"A7","numberOfPages":"7","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066996","costCenters":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324173,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Delaware, Florida, Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia,","city":"San Francisco, Tampa","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay, San Francisco Bay, Southern California Bight, Tampa Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.07159423828125,\n 37.155938651244625\n ],\n [\n -123.07159423828125,\n 38.34596449365382\n ],\n [\n -121.24237060546876,\n 38.34596449365382\n ],\n [\n -121.24237060546876,\n 37.155938651244625\n ],\n [\n -123.07159423828125,\n 37.155938651244625\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.50903320312501,\n 34.488447837809304\n ],\n [\n -118.02612304687499,\n 34.511083202999714\n ],\n [\n -116.68579101562499,\n 32.699488680852674\n ],\n [\n -119.4049072265625,\n 32.602361666817515\n ],\n [\n -120.377197265625,\n 33.48185394054361\n ],\n [\n -120.50903320312501,\n 34.488447837809304\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -82.95501708984375,\n 27.38396203008555\n ],\n [\n -82.95501708984375,\n 28.214869548073377\n ],\n [\n -82.265625,\n 28.214869548073377\n ],\n [\n -82.265625,\n 27.38396203008555\n ],\n [\n -82.95501708984375,\n 27.38396203008555\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.87109375,\n 36.55377524336086\n ],\n [\n -77.87109375,\n 39.95185892663005\n ],\n [\n -74.102783203125,\n 39.95185892663005\n ],\n [\n -74.102783203125,\n 36.55377524336086\n ],\n [\n -77.87109375,\n 36.55377524336086\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"576a6548e4b07657d1a11e67","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tango, Peter J. pjtango@usgs.gov","contributorId":4088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tango","given":"Peter","email":"pjtango@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640166,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schiff, K.","contributorId":172254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Schiff","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":12704,"text":"Southern California Coastal Water Research Project","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Trowbridge, P.R.","contributorId":11035,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Trowbridge","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640168,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sherwood, E.T.","contributorId":172255,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sherwood","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27015,"text":"Tampa Bay Estuary Program","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":640169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Batiuk, R.A.","contributorId":16550,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Batiuk","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":640170,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70164478,"text":"70164478 - 2016 - Aerobic biodegradation potential of endocrine disrupting chemicals in surface-water sediment at Rocky Mountains National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-09T12:08:22","indexId":"70164478","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-08T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1529,"text":"Environmental Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aerobic biodegradation potential of endocrine disrupting chemicals in surface-water sediment at Rocky Mountains National Park, USA","docAbstract":"Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) in surface water and bed sediment threaten the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems. In natural, remote, and protected surface-water environments where contaminant releases are sporadic, contaminant biodegradation is a fundamental driver of exposure concentration, timing, duration, and, thus, EDC ecological risk. Anthropogenic contaminants, including known and suspected EDC, were detected in surface water and sediment collected from 2 streams and 2 lakes in Rocky Mountains National Park (ROMO). The potential for aerobic EDC biodegradation was assessed in collected sediments using 6 14C-radiolabeled model compounds. Aerobic microbial mineralization of natural (estrone and 17β-estradiol) and synthetic (17α-ethinylestradiol) estrogen was significant at all sites. ROMO bed sediment microbial communities also effectively degraded the xenoestrogens, bisphenol-A and 4-nonylphenol. The same sediment samples exhibited little potential for aerobic biodegradation of triclocarban, however, illustrating the need to assess a wider range of contaminant compounds. The current results support recent concerns over the widespread environmental occurrence of carbanalide antibacterials, like triclocarban and triclosan, and suggest that backcountry use of products containing these compounds should be discouraged.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley, Inc.","doi":"10.1002/etc.3266","usgsCitation":"Bradley, P.M., Battaglin, W.A., Iwanowicz, L., Clark, J.M., and Journey, C.A., 2016, Aerobic biodegradation potential of endocrine disrupting chemicals in surface-water sediment at Rocky Mountains National Park, USA: Environmental Chemistry, v. 35, no. 5, p. 1087-1096, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3266.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"1087","endPage":"1096","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067297","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316641,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Rocky Mountain National Park","volume":"35","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-11-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b9bc28e4b08d617f63a7df","chorus":{"doi":"10.1002/etc.3266","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.3266","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","authors":"Bradley Paul M., Battaglin William A., Iwanowicz Luke R., Clark Jimmy M., Journey Celeste A.","journalName":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","publicationDate":"3/15/2016","auditedOn":"4/19/2016"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradley, Paul M. 0000-0001-7522-8606 pbradley@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7522-8606","contributorId":361,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradley","given":"Paul","email":"pbradley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597544,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Battaglin, William A. 0000-0001-7287-7096 wbattagl@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7287-7096","contributorId":1527,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Battaglin","given":"William","email":"wbattagl@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":191,"text":"Colorado Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597545,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Iwanowicz, Luke R. 0000-0002-1197-6178 liwanowicz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1197-6178","contributorId":150383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iwanowicz","given":"Luke R. ","email":"liwanowicz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":597546,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clark, Jimmy M. 0000-0002-3138-5738 jmclark@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3138-5738","contributorId":4773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clark","given":"Jimmy","email":"jmclark@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597547,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Journey, Celeste A. 0000-0002-2284-5851 cjourney@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2284-5851","contributorId":2617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Journey","given":"Celeste","email":"cjourney@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":559,"text":"South Carolina Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":597548,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70164477,"text":"70164477 - 2016 - Spatial and temporal variation in microcystins occurrence in wadeable streams in the southeastern USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-08-07T12:32:00","indexId":"70164477","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-08T09:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1571,"text":"Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal variation in microcystins occurrence in wadeable streams in the southeastern USA","docAbstract":"Despite historical observations of potential microcystin-producing cyanobacteria (including Leptolyngbya,Phormidium, Pseudoanabaena, and Anabaena species) in 74% of headwater streams in Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina (USA) from 1993 to 2011, fluvial cyanotoxin occurrence has not been systematically assessed in the southeastern United States. To begin to address this data gap, a spatial reconnaissance of fluvial microcystin concentrations was conducted in 75 wadeable streams in the Piedmont region (southeastern USA) during June 2014. Microcystins were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (limit = 0.10 µg/L) in 39% of the streams with mean, median, and maximum detected concentrations of 0.29 µg/L, 0.11 µg/L, and 3.2 µg/L, respectively. Significant (α = 0.05) correlations were observed between June 2014 microcystin concentrations and stream flow, total nitrogen to total phosphorus ratio, and water temperature; but each of these factors explained 38% or less of the variability in fluvial microcystins across the region. Temporal microcystin variability was assessed monthly through October 2014 in 5 of the streams where microcystins were observed in June and in 1 reference location; microcystins were repeatedly detected in all but the reference stream. Although microcystin concentrations in the present study did not exceed World Health Organization recreational guidance thresholds, their widespread occurrence demonstrates the need for further investigation of possible in-stream environmental health effects as well as potential impacts on downstream lakes and reservoirs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;9999:1–7. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley, Inc.","doi":"10.1002/etc.3391","usgsCitation":"Loftin, K.A., Clark, J.M., Journey, C.A., Kolpin, D.W., Van Metre, P., and Bradley, P.M., 2016, Spatial and temporal variation in microcystins occurrence in wadeable streams in the southeastern USA: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v. 35, no. 9, p. 2281-2287, https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.3391.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2281","endPage":"2287","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-069266","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438637,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7VQ30RM","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Periphyton (1993-2011) and Water Quality (2014) Data for ET&C Article Entitled Spatial and Temporal Variation in Microcystins Occurrence in 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Because terrapins residing in salt marshes are difficult to capture, we designed a cylindrical bait trap (CBT) that could be deployed in shallow tidal waters. From 2003 to 2006, trials were conducted with CBTs in the Chesapeake Bay, Maryland (USA) to determine terrapin sex, size, and age distribution within 3 salt marsh interior habitats—open bays, tidal guts, and broken marshes—using 15 traps/habitat. Analyses based on 791 total captures with CBTs indicate that smaller terrapins, (i.e., adult male and subadult) were more prevalent within the transecting tidal guts and broken marshes, whereas the adult females were more evenly distributed among habitats, including open bays. Subadult females made up the largest percent of catch in the CBTs deployed within the 3 marsh interior habitats. During a 12-day trial in which we compared capture performance of CBTs and modified fyke nets along open shorelines during the nesting season, fyke nets outperformed CBTs by accounting for 95.2% of the 604 terrapin captures. Although the long drift leads of the fyke nets proved more effective for intercepting along-shore travel of adult female terrapins during the nesting season, CBTs provided a more effective means of live-trapping terrapins within the shallow interior marshes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.1002/wsb.610","usgsCitation":"Henry, P.F., Haramis, G., and Day, D.D., 2016, Evaluating a portable cylindrical bait trap to capture diamondback terrapins in salt marsh: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 40, no. 1, p. 160-168, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.610.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"160","endPage":"168","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-060499","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":34983,"text":"Contaminant Biology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500067,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/665f61740326408db40866d1177de199","text":"External Repository"},{"id":319727,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland","otherGeospatial":"Glenn Martin National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.05182647705078,\n 38.017127786121506\n ],\n [\n -76.05182647705078,\n 38.012799997174575\n ],\n [\n -76.05096817016602,\n 38.00928348049952\n ],\n [\n -76.03878021240234,\n 38.00603731538592\n ],\n [\n -76.03689193725586,\n 38.00319680300937\n ],\n [\n -76.0305404663086,\n 38.00157360367438\n ],\n [\n -76.0279655456543,\n 37.99940928200236\n ],\n [\n -76.02161407470703,\n 37.995351006703814\n ],\n [\n -76.01972579956055,\n 37.99251008038448\n ],\n [\n -76.01869583129883,\n 37.990345491241776\n ],\n [\n -76.01285934448242,\n 37.990210202299636\n ],\n [\n -76.0114860534668,\n 37.9881808382286\n ],\n [\n -76.00959777832031,\n 37.98425724185128\n ],\n [\n -76.00753784179688,\n 37.98019812825676\n ],\n [\n -76.00547790527344,\n 37.97843910930459\n ],\n [\n -76.00393295288086,\n 37.97762724018384\n ],\n [\n -76.00255966186523,\n 37.973838398875515\n ],\n [\n -76.00135803222656,\n 37.97167325888967\n ],\n [\n -75.9979248046875,\n 37.96856075828048\n ],\n [\n -75.99294662475586,\n 37.96747811844137\n ],\n [\n -75.9898567199707,\n 37.970049361992054\n ],\n [\n -75.98917007446289,\n 37.97329711986601\n ],\n [\n -75.98814010620117,\n 37.9774919277906\n ],\n [\n -75.98779678344727,\n 37.98060404971996\n ],\n [\n -75.98745346069336,\n 37.982904228934125\n ],\n [\n -75.98487854003906,\n 37.98358073851119\n ],\n [\n -75.9811019897461,\n 37.98398664126368\n ],\n [\n -75.97698211669922,\n 37.98561022982037\n ],\n [\n -75.9759521484375,\n 37.990480779934416\n ],\n [\n -75.97509384155272,\n 37.99724489645483\n ],\n [\n -75.97578048706055,\n 38.00427891593761\n ],\n [\n -75.9785270690918,\n 38.00982449404459\n ],\n [\n -75.97972869873047,\n 38.01307049147015\n ],\n [\n -75.9814453125,\n 38.016451585943095\n ],\n [\n -75.98127365112305,\n 38.020373460133186\n ],\n [\n -75.98299026489256,\n 38.02348376284101\n ],\n [\n -75.98642349243164,\n 38.026458711461245\n ],\n [\n -75.99191665649414,\n 38.0282165788684\n ],\n [\n -75.99552154541016,\n 38.03105612173487\n ],\n [\n -75.99775314331055,\n 38.03457159374112\n ],\n [\n -76.00032806396484,\n 38.037410890266095\n ],\n [\n -76.0066795349121,\n 38.040385273328546\n ],\n [\n -76.01217269897461,\n 38.04173722569343\n ],\n [\n -76.01749420166016,\n 38.042142806535615\n ],\n [\n -76.02367401123047,\n 38.042142806535615\n ],\n [\n -76.02727890014648,\n 38.03984448539368\n ],\n [\n -76.03208541870117,\n 38.037546092117\n ],\n [\n -76.03414535522461,\n 38.03632926647352\n ],\n [\n -76.03860855102539,\n 38.03632926647352\n ],\n [\n -76.04324340820312,\n 38.03430117880767\n ],\n [\n -76.04633331298828,\n 38.031732187147\n ],\n [\n -76.04856491088867,\n 38.02808135979607\n ],\n [\n -76.05096817016602,\n 38.024024671574615\n ],\n [\n -76.05148315429688,\n 38.020373460133186\n ],\n [\n -76.05182647705078,\n 38.017127786121506\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"40","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-06","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ff9be4e4b0328dcb7eaaa2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Henry, Paula F. P. 0000-0002-7601-5546 phenry@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7601-5546","contributorId":4485,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Henry","given":"Paula","email":"phenry@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F. P.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Haramis, G. Michael mharamis@usgs.gov","contributorId":4001,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haramis","given":"G. Michael","email":"mharamis@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":625872,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Day, Daniel D. 0000-0001-9070-7170 dday@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9070-7170","contributorId":3985,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Day","given":"Daniel","email":"dday@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":625873,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70174139,"text":"70174139 - 2016 - Invertebrates in managed waterfowl marshes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-06-28T15:55:45","indexId":"70174139","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-06T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Invertebrates in managed waterfowl marshes","docAbstract":"Invertebrates are an important food for breeding, migrating, and wintering waterfowl. Sparse study has been devoted to understanding the influence of waterfowl and wetland management on production of invertebrates for waterfowl foods; however, manipulation of hydrology and soils may change or enhance production. Fish can compete with waterfowl for invertebrate forage in wetlands and harm aquatic macrophytes; biomanipulation (e.g., stocking piscivores) may improve waterfowl habitat quality. Similarly, some terrestrial vertebrates (e.g., beaver (Castor canadensis)) may positively or negatively impact invertebrate communities in waterfowl habitats. Various challenges exist to wetland management for invertebrates for waterfowl, but the lack of data on factors influencing production may be the most limiting.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Invertebrates in freshwater wetlands: an international perspective on their ecology","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/978-3-319-24978-0","usgsCitation":"Stafford, J.D., Janke, A.K., Webb, E.B., and Chipps, S.R., 2016, Invertebrates in managed waterfowl marshes, chap. of Invertebrates in freshwater wetlands: an international perspective on their ecology, p. 565-600, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24978-0.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"565","endPage":"600","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066622","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":324553,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57739fb1e4b07657d1a90cd5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stafford, Joshua D. jstafford@usgs.gov","contributorId":4267,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"Joshua","email":"jstafford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":640985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Janke, Adam K. 0000-0003-2781-7857","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2781-7857","contributorId":130959,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Janke","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":7176,"text":"Dept of Natl Res Mgmt, SDSU, Brookings, SD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":641116,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Webb, Elisabeth B. 0000-0003-3851-6056 ewebb@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3851-6056","contributorId":3981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Webb","given":"Elisabeth","email":"ewebb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641117,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chipps, Steven R. 0000-0001-6511-7582 steve_chipps@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-7582","contributorId":2243,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chipps","given":"Steven","email":"steve_chipps@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":641118,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70168669,"text":"70168669 - 2016 - Dissolved gases in hydrothermal (phreatic) and geyser eruptions at Yellowstone National Park, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-02-01T16:14:36","indexId":"70168669","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-05T13:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Dissolved gases in hydrothermal (phreatic) and geyser eruptions at Yellowstone National Park, USA","docAbstract":"Multiphase and multicomponent fluid flow in the shallow continental crust plays a significant role in a variety of processes over a broad range of temperatures and pressures. The presence of dissolved gases in aqueous fluids reduces the liquid stability field toward lower temperatures and enhances the explosivity potential with respect to pure water. Therefore, in areas where magma is actively degassing into a hydrothermal system, gas-rich aqueous fluids can exert a major control on geothermal energy production, can be propellants in hazardous hydrothermal (phreatic) eruptions, and can modulate the dynamics of geyser eruptions. We collected pressurized samples of thermal water that preserved dissolved gases in conjunction with precise temperature measurements with depth in research well Y-7 (maximum depth of 70.1 m; casing to 31 m) and five thermal pools (maximum depth of 11.3 m) in the Upper Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park, USA. Based on the dissolved gas concentrations, we demonstrate that CO2 mainly derived from magma and N2 from air-saturated meteoric water reduce the near-surface saturation temperature, consistent with some previous observations in geyser conduits. Thermodynamic calculations suggest that the dissolved CO2 and N2 modulate the dynamics of geyser eruptions and are likely triggers of hydrothermal eruptions when recharged into shallow reservoirs at high concentrations. Therefore, monitoring changes in gas emission rate and composition in areas with neutral and alkaline chlorine thermal features could provide important information on the natural resources (geysers) and hazards (eruptions) in these areas.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","publisherLocation":"Boulder, CO","doi":"10.1130/G37478.1","usgsCitation":"Hurwitz, S., Clor, L., McCleskey, R.B., Nordstrom, D.K., Hunt, A.G., and Evans, W.C., 2016, Dissolved gases in hydrothermal (phreatic) and geyser eruptions at Yellowstone National Park, USA: Geology, v. 44, no. 3, p. 235-238, https://doi.org/10.1130/G37478.1.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"235","endPage":"238","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-072475","costCenters":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318362,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana, Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Yellowstone National Park","volume":"44","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56cee25ce4b015c306ec5ea7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hurwitz, Shaul 0000-0001-5142-6886 shaulh@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-6886","contributorId":2169,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hurwitz","given":"Shaul","email":"shaulh@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621227,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Clor, Laura 0000-0003-2633-5100 lclor@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2633-5100","contributorId":150878,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Clor","given":"Laura","email":"lclor@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621257,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McCleskey, R. Blaine 0000-0002-2521-8052 rbmccles@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2521-8052","contributorId":147399,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCleskey","given":"R.","email":"rbmccles@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Blaine","affiliations":[{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621258,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Nordstrom, D. Kirk 0000-0003-3283-5136 dkn@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-5136","contributorId":749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nordstrom","given":"D.","email":"dkn@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Kirk","affiliations":[{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":621259,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hunt, Andrew G. 0000-0002-3810-8610 ahunt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3810-8610","contributorId":1582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hunt","given":"Andrew","email":"ahunt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621260,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Evans, William C. 0000-0001-5942-3102 wcevans@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-3102","contributorId":2353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"William","email":"wcevans@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621261,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70161832,"text":"sir20155188 - 2016 - Water balance monitoring for two bioretention gardens in Omaha, Nebraska, 2011–14","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-08T08:27:29","indexId":"sir20155188","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-05T13:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5188","title":"Water balance monitoring for two bioretention gardens in Omaha, Nebraska, 2011–14","docAbstract":"Bioretention gardens are used to help mitigate stormwater runoff in urban settings in an attempt to restore the hydrologic response of the developed land to a natural predevelopment response in which more water is infiltrated rather than routed directly to urban drainage networks. To better understand the performance of bioretention gardens in facilitating infiltration of stormwater in eastern Nebraska, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Douglas County Environmental Services and the Nebraska Environmental Trust, assessed the water balance of two bioretention gardens located in Omaha, Nebraska by monitoring the amount of stormwater entering and leaving the gardens. One garden is on the Douglas County Health Center campus, and the other garden is on the property of the Eastern Nebraska Office on Aging.
For the Douglas County Health Center, bioretention garden performance was evaluated on the basis of volume reduction by comparing total inflow volume to total outflow volume. The bioretention garden reduced inflow volumes from a minimum of 33 percent to 100 percent (a complete reduction in inflow volume) depending on the size of the event. Although variable, the percent reduction of the inflow volume tended to decrease with increasing total event rainfall. To assess how well the garden reduces stormwater peak inflow rates, peak inflows were plotted against peak outflows measured at the bioretention garden. Only 39 of the 255 events had any overflow, indicating 100 percent peak reduction in the other events. Of those 39 events having overflow, the mean peak reduction was 63 percent.
No overflow events were recorded at the bioretention garden at the Eastern Nebraska Office on Aging; therefore, data were not available for an event-based overflow analysis.Monitoring period summary of the water balance at both bio-retention gardens indicates that most of the stormwater in the bioretention gardens is stored in the subsurface.
Evapotranspiration was attributed to a small percentage of the outputs on an annual basis (3 percent at Douglas County Health Center site and 5 percent at Eastern Nebraska Office onAging site), which indicates that vegetative water uptake is not a primary factor in the water budget.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155188","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Douglas County Environmental Services and the Nebraska Environmental Trust","usgsCitation":"Strauch, K.R., Rus, D.L., Holm, K.E., 2016, Water balance monitoring for two bioretention gardens in Omaha, Nebraska, 2011–14, U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigation Report 2015–5188, 19 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155188.","productDescription":"vi, 19 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066874","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438638,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/P9TS1H1R","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Water Balance Monitoring Data for Two Biorentention Gardens in Omaha, Nebraska 2011-17"},{"id":315021,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5188/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":315022,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5188/sir20155188.pdf","text":"Report","size":"3.62 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5188"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","county":"Douglas County","city":"Omaha","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -96,\n 41.2\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 41.3\n ],\n [\n -95.9,\n 41.3\n ],\n [\n -95.9,\n 41.2\n ],\n [\n -96,\n 41.2\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, USGS Nebraska Water Science Center
5231 South 19th Street
Lincoln, Nebraska 68512
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, monitored suspended sediment within constructed Missouri River chutes during March through October 2012. Chutes were constructed at selected river bends by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to help mitigate aquatic habitat lost through the creation and maintenance of the navigation channel on the Missouri River. The restoration and development of chutes is one method for creating shallow-water habitat within the Missouri River to meet requirements established by the amended 2000 Biological Opinion. Understanding geomorphic channel-evolution processes and sediment transport is important for the design of chutes, monitoring and maintenance of existing chutes, and characterizing the habitat that the chutes provide. This report describes the methods used to monitor suspended sediment at two Missouri River chutes and presents the results of the data analysis to help understand the suspended-sediment characteristics of each chute and the effect the chutes have on the Missouri River. Upper Hamburg chute, near Nebraska City, Nebraska, and Kansas chute, near Peru, Nebraska, were selected for monitoring. At each study site, monthly discrete samples were collected from April through October in the Missouri River main-channel transects upstream from the chute inlet, downstream from the chute outlet, at the outlet (downstream transect) of both chutes, and at the inlet (upstream transect) of Kansas chute. In addition, grab samples from all chute sampling locations were collected using autosamplers. Suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) and grain-size metrics were determined for all samples (discrete and grab). Continuous water-quality monitors recorded turbidity and water temperature at 15-minute intervals at the three chute sampling locations. Two acoustic Doppler velocimeters, one within each chute, measured water depth and current velocities continuously. The depth and velocity data were used to estimate streamflow within each chute. The sampling design was developed to understand the suspended-sediment differences within each chute and between the chute and the Missouri River main channel during discrete sampling. The sampling design also allowed for site-specific surrogate relations between SSC and turbidity to be developed, which could be used to compute real-time estimates of SSC and sediment loads within the chutes. Real-time estimates of SSC and sediment loads enable a better understanding of sediment transport within the chutes during times when physical samples are not collected, including periods of high flow.
\nHigh flows during the summer of 2011 resulted in substantial alterations to both studied chutes; therefore, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers repaired and modified both chutes during 2012. These unforeseen repairs and modifications within the chutes added uncertainty to the analysis because concentrations were altered by construction equipment and flow alteration.
\nDaily suspended-sediment and suspended-silt loads were estimated based on surrogate relations with turbidity. A linear regression was used to estimate equal-width increment (EWI)-equivalent SSC from autosampler SSC before using the model-calibration dataset to determine the best-fit model for prediction of SSC from the turbidity and, in some cases, discharge. Correlation between suspended-sand concentration (SSandC) in EWI samples and concurrent samples collected by an autosampler was low; therefore, SSandC was excluded from development of surrogate relations because a large part of the calibration dataset was from autosamples. Instead, SSandC was estimated as SSC minus suspended-silt-clay concentration (SSiltC). At all sites, the best-fit models included the base-10 logarithm of concentration and turbidity, and at Kansas chute upstream, the base-10 logarithm of streamflow was also included in the best-fit models. These surrogate models were used to estimate continuous time series of SSC and SSiltC. Estimated concentrations of suspended sediment were used to estimate instantaneous and daily loads for total suspended sediment, suspended silt-clay, and suspended sand. Estimated daily suspended-sediment loads were not significantly different between upstream and downstream transects within the Kansas chute, and most individual daily loads within the chute were not significantly different between upstream and downstream transects when evaluated using overlap in daily 95-percent confidence intervals. The comparison of daily load values for upstream and downstream chute transects, as estimated from turbidity-based surrogate models for Kansas chute, documents the daily dynamic nature of sediment transport within the chute with a temporal resolution that is not practical with discrete suspended-sediment sampling alone.
\nComparisons of concentrations and loads from EWI samples collected from different transects within a study site resulted in few significant differences, but comparisons are limited by small sample sizes and large within-transect variability. When comparing the Missouri River upstream transect to the chute inlet transect, similar results were determined in 2012 as were determined in 2008—the chute inlet affected the amount of sediment entering the chute from the main channel. In addition, the Kansas chute is potentially affecting the sediment concentration within the Missouri River main channel, but small sample size and construction activities within the chute limit the ability to fully understand either the effect of the chute in 2012 or the effect of the chute on the main channel during a year without construction. Finally, some differences in SSC were detected between the Missouri River upstream transects and the chute downstream transects; however, the effect of the chutes on the Missouri River main-channel sediment transport was difficult to isolate because of construction activities and sampling variability.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20165002","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District","usgsCitation":"Densmore, B.K., Rus, D.L., Moser, M.T., Hall, B.M., and Andersen, M.J., 2016, Sediment loads and transport at constructed chutes along the Missouri River—Upper Hamburg chute near Nebraska City, Nebraska, and Kansas chute near Peru, Nebraska, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2016–5002, 47 p. https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165002.","productDescription":"vii, 47 p.","numberOfPages":"60","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064671","costCenters":[{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316553,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5002/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":316554,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2016/5002/sir20165002.pdf","text":"Report","size":"20.6 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2016-5002"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska","city":"Nebraska City, Peru","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.78601837158203,\n 40.564937785967224\n ],\n [\n -95.78601837158203,\n 40.61681920737131\n ],\n [\n -95.74241638183592,\n 40.61681920737131\n ],\n [\n -95.74241638183592,\n 40.564937785967224\n ],\n [\n -95.78601837158203,\n 40.564937785967224\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -95.73881149291991,\n 40.513277131087484\n ],\n [\n -95.73881149291991,\n 40.53050177574321\n ],\n [\n -95.70259094238281,\n 40.53050177574321\n ],\n [\n -95.70259094238281,\n 40.513277131087484\n ],\n [\n -95.73881149291991,\n 40.513277131087484\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, USGS Nebraska Water Science Center
5231 South 19th Street
Lincoln, NE 68512