Hydrodynamic connectivity describes the sources and destinations of water parcels within a domain over a given time. When combined with biological models, it can be a powerful concept to explain the patterns of constituent dispersal within marine ecosystems. However, providing connectivity metrics for a given domain is a three-dimensional problem: two dimensions in space to define the sources and destinations and a time dimension to evaluate connectivity at varying temporal scales. If the time scale of interest is not predefined, then a general approach is required to describe connectivity over different time scales. For this purpose, we have introduced the concept of a “retention clock” that highlights the change in connectivity through time. Using the example of connectivity between protected areas within Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, we show that a retention clock matrix is an informative tool for multitemporal analysis of connectivity.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2015GL066888","usgsCitation":"Defne, Z., Ganju, N.K., and Aretxabaleta, A., 2016, Estimating time-dependent connectivity in marine systems: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 43, no. 3, p. 1193-1201, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL066888.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"1193","endPage":"1201","ipdsId":"IP-068617","costCenters":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471257,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2015gl066888","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":328842,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"43","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c6cfe4b0bc0bec09cb72","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Defne, Zafer 0000-0003-4544-4310 zdefne@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4544-4310","contributorId":5520,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Defne","given":"Zafer","email":"zdefne@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ganju, Neil K. 0000-0002-1096-0465 nganju@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1096-0465","contributorId":174763,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ganju","given":"Neil","email":"nganju@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":649216,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Aretxabaleta, Alfredo 0000-0002-9914-8018 aaretxabaleta@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9914-8018","contributorId":140090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aretxabaleta","given":"Alfredo","email":"aaretxabaleta@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649217,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70161652,"text":"fs20163002 - 2016 - New insights into the Edwards Aquifer—Brackish-water simulation, drought, and the role of uncertainty analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-03T11:08:03","indexId":"fs20163002","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-03T11:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":313,"text":"Fact Sheet","code":"FS","onlineIssn":"2327-6932","printIssn":"2327-6916","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2016-3002","title":"New insights into the Edwards Aquifer—Brackish-water simulation, drought, and the role of uncertainty analysis","docAbstract":"The Edwards aquifer is an important water resource in south-central Texas, providing water for residents, businesses, and ecosystems. The aquifer is a highly complex karst system characterized by areas of rapid groundwater flow, faulted and fractured Cretaceous-age rocks, and multiple water-quality zones. Karst aquifer systems include soluble rocks such as limestone and dolomite that can convey tremendous amounts of water through dissolution-enhanced faults and fractures. Recent sustained droughts (2011–15) have heightened concerns about the possible effects of drought on this vital water resource.
\nThe Edwards aquifer consists of three water-quality zones. The freshwater zone of the Edwards aquifer is bounded to the south by a zone of brackish water (transition zone) where the aquifer transitions from fresh to saline water. The saline zone is downdip from the transition zone. There is concern that a recurrence of extreme drought, such as the 7-year drought from 1950 through 1956, could cause the transition zone to move toward (encroach upon) the freshwater zone, causing production wells near the transition zone to pump saltier water. There is also concern of drought effects on spring flows from Comal and San Marcos Springs. These concerns were evaluated through the development of a new numerical model of the Edwards aquifer.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20163002","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the San Antonio Water System","usgsCitation":"Foster, L.K., and White, J.T., 2016, New insights into the Edwards aquifer—Brackish-water simulation, drought, and the role of uncertainty analysis: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2016–3002, 6 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20163002.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070683","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316352,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3002/coverthbr.jpg"},{"id":316353,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2016/3002/fs20163002.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.11 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2016-3002"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","otherGeospatial":"Edwards Aquifer","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 30.774878871959746\n ],\n [\n -100.62377929687499,\n 29.080175989623203\n ],\n [\n -99.82177734375,\n 27.994401411046173\n ],\n [\n -96.866455078125,\n 29.864465259258\n ],\n [\n -98.1298828125,\n 30.774878871959746\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Texas Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
1505 Ferguson Lane
Austin, TX 78754
http://tx.usgs.gov
Surface-water supplies are important sources of drinking water for residents in the Triangle area of North Carolina, which is located within the upper Cape Fear and Neuse River Basins. Since 1988, the U.S. Geological Survey and a consortium of local governments have tracked water-quality conditions and trends in several of the area’s water-supply lakes and streams. This report summarizes data collected through this cooperative effort, known as the Triangle Area Water Supply Monitoring Project, during October 2009 through September 2010 (water year 2010) and October 2010 through September 2011 (water year 2011). Major findings for this data-collection effort include
\nDirector, South Atlantic Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
720 Gracern Road
Columbia, SC 29210
http://www.usgs.gov/water/southatlantic/
An investigation into indigenous water storage on the Rio San José in western New Mexico was conducted in support of efforts by the Pueblo of Laguna to adjudicate their water rights. Here we focus on stratigraphy and geochronology of two Native American-constructed reservoirs. One reservoir located near the community of Casa Blanca was formed by a ∼600 m (2000 feet) long stone masonry dam that impounded ∼1.6 × 106 m3 (∼1300 acre-feet) of stored water. Four optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages obtained on reservoir deposits indicate that the dam was constructed prior to AD 1825. The other reservoir is located adjacent to Old Laguna Pueblo and contains only a small remnant of its former earthen dam. The depth and distribution of reservoir deposits and a photogrammetric analyses of relict shorelines indicate a storage capacity of ∼6.5 × 106 m3 (∼5300 ac-ft). OSL ages from above and below the base of the reservoir indicate that the reservoir was constructed sometime after AD 1370 but before AD 1750. The results of our investigation are consistent with Laguna oral history and Spanish accounts demonstrating indigenous construction of significant water-storage reservoirs on the Rio San José prior to the late nineteenth century.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Arid Environments","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","publisherLocation":"London","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.11.004","collaboration":"University of Arizona-Tucson; Utah State University; Bureau of Indian Affairs","usgsCitation":"Huckleberry, G., Ferguson, T., Rittenour, T.M., Banet, C., and Mahan, S.A., 2016, Identification and dating of indigenous water storage reservoirs along the Rio San José at Laguna Pueblo, western New Mexico, USA: Journal of Arid Environments, v. 127, p. 171-186, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.11.004.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"186","numberOfPages":"16","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064462","costCenters":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":318394,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Mexico","city":"Laguna Pueblo","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.4188232421875,\n 35.02704444650624\n ],\n [\n -107.4188232421875,\n 35.057542504555414\n ],\n [\n -107.35633850097656,\n 35.057542504555414\n ],\n [\n -107.35633850097656,\n 35.02704444650624\n ],\n [\n -107.4188232421875,\n 35.02704444650624\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"127","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56d1853de4b015c306ef2d1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Huckleberry, Gary","contributorId":167216,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huckleberry","given":"Gary","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ferguson, T.J.","contributorId":167217,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ferguson","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6624,"text":"University of Arizona, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rittenour, Tammy M.","contributorId":140755,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rittenour","given":"Tammy","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":6682,"text":"Utah State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Banet, Chris","contributorId":167218,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Banet","given":"Chris","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":24647,"text":"Bureau of Indian affairs, Alburquerque Office","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":621411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Mahan, Shannon A. 0000-0001-5214-7774 smahan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5214-7774","contributorId":147159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mahan","given":"Shannon","email":"smahan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":621407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70168426,"text":"70168426 - 2016 - Extending the MODPATH algorithm to rectangular unstructured grids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-12T13:08:03","indexId":"70168426","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Extending the MODPATH algorithm to rectangular unstructured grids","docAbstract":"The recent release of MODFLOW-USG, which allows model grids to have irregular, unstructured connections, requires a modification of the particle-tracking algorithm used by MODPATH. This paper describes a modification of the semi-analytical particle-tracking algorithm used by MODPATH that allows it to be extended to rectangular-based unstructured grids by dividing grid cells with multi-cell face connections into sub-cells. The new method will be incorporated in the next version of MODPATH which is currently under development.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Ground Water","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Water Well Journal Pub. Co.","publisherLocation":"Worthington, OH","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12328","usgsCitation":"Pollock, D.W., 2016, Extending the MODPATH algorithm to rectangular unstructured grids: Ground Water, v. 54, no. 1, p. 121-125, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12328.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"121","endPage":"125","numberOfPages":"5","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058252","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":317992,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-03-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bf1051e4b06458514b68fd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pollock, David W. dwpolloc@usgs.gov","contributorId":4248,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pollock","given":"David","email":"dwpolloc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620052,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70168424,"text":"70168424 - 2016 - PHT3D-UZF: A reactive transport model for variably-saturated porous media","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-12T13:13:35","indexId":"70168424","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T14:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"PHT3D-UZF: A reactive transport model for variably-saturated porous media","docAbstract":"A modified version of the MODFLOW/MT3DMS-based reactive transport model PHT3D was developed to extend current reactive transport capabilities to the variably-saturated component of the subsurface system and incorporate diffusive reactive transport of gaseous species. Referred to as PHT3D-UZF, this code incorporates flux terms calculated by MODFLOW's unsaturated-zone flow (UZF1) package. A volume-averaged approach similar to the method used in UZF-MT3DMS was adopted. The PHREEQC-based computation of chemical processes within PHT3D-UZF in combination with the analytical solution method of UZF1 allows for comprehensive reactive transport investigations (i.e., biogeochemical transformations) that jointly involve saturated and unsaturated zone processes. Intended for regional-scale applications, UZF1 simulates downward-only flux within the unsaturated zone. The model was tested by comparing simulation results with those of existing numerical models. The comparison was performed for several benchmark problems that cover a range of important hydrological and reactive transport processes. A 2D simulation scenario was defined to illustrate the geochemical evolution following dewatering in a sandy acid sulfate soil environment. Other potential applications include the simulation of biogeochemical processes in variably-saturated systems that track the transport and fate of agricultural pollutants, nutrients, natural and xenobiotic organic compounds and micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals, as well as the evolution of isotope patterns.
","language":"English","publisher":"Water Well Journal Pub. Co.","publisherLocation":"Worthington, OH","doi":"10.1111/gwat.12318","usgsCitation":"Wu, M.Z., Post, V., Salmon, S.U., Morway, E.D., and Prommer, H., 2016, PHT3D-UZF: A reactive transport model for variably-saturated porous media: Ground Water, v. 54, no. 1, p. 23-34, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12318.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"23","endPage":"34","numberOfPages":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057960","costCenters":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":497414,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://admin.research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/2a7c3f99-f753-479d-b8b1-b53d62f37a78","text":"External Repository"},{"id":317994,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"54","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-01-27","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56bf105ae4b06458514b6933","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wu, Ming Zhi","contributorId":166763,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wu","given":"Ming","email":"","middleInitial":"Zhi","affiliations":[{"id":24500,"text":"School of Earth and Environment, Univ. of Western Austrailia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620046,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Post, Vincent E. A.","contributorId":166764,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Post","given":"Vincent E. A.","affiliations":[{"id":24501,"text":"National Centre for Groundwater Reserach and Training, Flinders Univ.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Salmon, S. Ursula","contributorId":166765,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Salmon","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"Ursula","affiliations":[{"id":24500,"text":"School of Earth and Environment, Univ. of Western Austrailia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":620048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Morway, Eric D. 0000-0002-8553-6140 emorway@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8553-6140","contributorId":4320,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morway","given":"Eric","email":"emorway@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":465,"text":"Nevada Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":620045,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Prommer, H.","contributorId":12264,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prommer","given":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":620049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70170547,"text":"70170547 - 2016 - Physical and chemical constraints limit the habitat window for an endangered mussel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-21T14:34:00","indexId":"70170547","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T10:30:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1919,"text":"Hydrobiologia","onlineIssn":"1573-5117","printIssn":"0018-8158","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physical and chemical constraints limit the habitat window for an endangered mussel","docAbstract":"Development of effective conservation and restoration strategies for freshwater pearly mussels requires identification of environmental constraints on the distributions of individual mussel species. We examined whether the spatial distribution of the endangered Alasmidonta heterodon in Flat Brook, a tributary of the upper Delaware River, was constrained by water chemistry (i.e., calcium availability), bed mobility, or both. Alasmidonta heterodon populations were bracketed between upstream reaches that were under-saturated with respect to aragonite and downstream reaches that were saturated for aragonite during summer baseflow but had steep channels with high bed mobility. Variability in bed mobility and water chemistry along the length of Flat Brook create a “habitat window” for A. heterodon defined by bed stability (mobility index ≤1) and aragonite saturation (saturation index ≥1). We suggest the species may exist in a narrow biogeochemical window that is seasonally near saturation. Alasmidonta heterodon populations may be susceptible to climate change or anthropogenic disturbances that increase discharge, decrease groundwater inflow or chemistry, and thus affect either bed mobility or aragonite saturation. Identifying the biogeochemical microhabitats and requirements of individual mussel species and incorporating this knowledge into management decisions should enhance the conservation and restoration of endangered mussel species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","publisherLocation":"Dordrecht","doi":"10.1007/s10750-016-2642-9","usgsCitation":"Campbell, C., and Prestegaard, K.L., 2016, Physical and chemical constraints limit the habitat window for an endangered mussel: Hydrobiologia, v. 772, no. 1, p. 77-91, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-016-2642-9.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"91","numberOfPages":"15","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-063033","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":320499,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New Jersey","otherGeospatial":"Flat brook watershed","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -74.74754333496092,\n 41.20371449905825\n ],\n [\n -74.72763061523438,\n 41.21611203632415\n ],\n [\n -74.7128677368164,\n 41.223084618644435\n ],\n [\n -74.70085144042967,\n 41.24348160850505\n ],\n [\n -74.68505859374999,\n 41.263098022611466\n ],\n [\n -74.6696090698242,\n 41.27703242132324\n ],\n [\n -74.66068267822266,\n 41.290963845888356\n ],\n [\n -74.65965270996094,\n 41.30282900969834\n ],\n [\n -74.65965270996094,\n 41.314176277103385\n ],\n [\n -74.66892242431639,\n 41.32809976969038\n ],\n [\n -74.68952178955078,\n 41.315207748938164\n ],\n [\n -74.69913482666016,\n 41.30618181697833\n ],\n [\n -74.71115112304688,\n 41.2938013640244\n ],\n [\n -74.72248077392578,\n 41.29560699312263\n ],\n [\n -74.73209381103516,\n 41.29870224100776\n ],\n [\n -74.74685668945312,\n 41.299733957661566\n ],\n [\n -74.76058959960938,\n 41.29896017170129\n ],\n [\n -74.77500915527344,\n 41.29896017170129\n ],\n [\n -74.78702545166016,\n 41.29767050803326\n ],\n [\n -74.7952651977539,\n 41.29147976745683\n ],\n [\n -74.80693817138672,\n 41.286836326460694\n ],\n [\n -74.81449127197266,\n 41.27883851451407\n ],\n [\n -74.81861114501953,\n 41.27677440393049\n ],\n [\n -74.82444763183594,\n 41.26929145587208\n ],\n [\n -74.82925415039062,\n 41.25716209782705\n ],\n [\n -74.83955383300781,\n 41.25019314990133\n ],\n [\n -74.8447036743164,\n 41.243997905395204\n ],\n [\n -74.84779357910156,\n 41.23857658460282\n ],\n [\n -74.85088348388672,\n 41.22799080504546\n ],\n [\n -74.85328674316406,\n 41.21456247263966\n ],\n [\n -74.85912322998047,\n 41.203197884024746\n ],\n [\n -74.86701965332031,\n 41.188472641161425\n ],\n [\n -74.87800598144531,\n 41.17813715950835\n ],\n [\n -74.88624572753906,\n 41.16288934671815\n ],\n [\n -74.8996353149414,\n 41.14737945716171\n ],\n [\n -74.90959167480469,\n 41.13729606112276\n ],\n [\n -74.92504119873047,\n 41.12798693490564\n ],\n [\n -74.93602752685547,\n 41.123590499468285\n ],\n [\n -74.95319366455078,\n 41.11660732012894\n ],\n [\n -74.96383666992188,\n 41.10651919385192\n ],\n [\n -74.96555328369139,\n 41.099534198380844\n ],\n [\n -74.95765686035155,\n 41.095394591235085\n ],\n [\n -74.94598388671875,\n 41.09151347260093\n ],\n [\n -74.92881774902344,\n 41.10134519447027\n ],\n [\n -74.90856170654297,\n 41.10832999732833\n ],\n [\n -74.88967895507812,\n 41.11246878918086\n ],\n [\n -74.8604965209961,\n 41.12824553958186\n ],\n [\n -74.85397338867188,\n 41.13677892209895\n ],\n [\n -74.84092712402342,\n 41.14453557935463\n ],\n [\n -74.8175811767578,\n 41.15565185493398\n ],\n [\n -74.78771209716797,\n 41.17426093335106\n ],\n [\n -74.77432250976562,\n 41.183821876278515\n ],\n [\n -74.74754333496092,\n 41.20371449905825\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"772","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"571f3fd8e4b071321fe56a74","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, Cara ccampbell@usgs.gov","contributorId":2371,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"Cara","email":"ccampbell@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627583,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Prestegaard, Karen L.","contributorId":23266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Prestegaard","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":627584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70164449,"text":"70164449 - 2016 - Reflectance spectroscopy (0.35–8 μm) of ammonium-bearing minerals and qualitative comparison to Ceres-like asteroids","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-02-05T09:15:58","indexId":"70164449","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T10:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1963,"text":"Icarus","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reflectance spectroscopy (0.35–8 μm) of ammonium-bearing minerals and qualitative comparison to Ceres-like asteroids","docAbstract":"Ammonium-bearing minerals have been suggested to be present on Mars, Ceres, and various asteroids and comets. We undertook a systematic study of the spectral reflectance properties of ammonium-bearing minerals and compounds that have possible planetary relevance (i.e., ammonium carbonates, chlorides, nitrates, oxalates, phosphates, silicates, and sulfates). Various synthetic and natural NH4+-bearing minerals were analyzed using reflectance spectroscopy in the long-wave ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared, and mid-infrared regions (0.35–8 μm) in order to identify spectral features characteristic of the NH4+ molecule, and to evaluate if and how these features vary among different species. Mineral phases were confirmed through structural and compositional analyses using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, and elemental combustion analysis. Characteristic absorption features associated with NH4 can be seen in the reflectance spectra at wavelengths as short as ∼1 μm. In the near-infrared region, the most prominent absorption bands are located near 1.6, 2.0, and 2.2 μm. Absorption features characteristic of NH4+ occurred at slightly longer wavelengths in the mineral-bound NH4+ spectra than for free NH4+ for most of the samples. Differences in wavelength position are attributable to various factors, including differences in the type and polarizability of the anion(s) attached to the NH4+, degree and type of hydrogen bonding, molecule symmetry, and cation substitutions. Multiple absorption features, usually three absorption bands, in the mid-infrared region between ∼2.8 and 3.8 μm were seen in all but the most NH4-poor sample spectra, and are attributed to fundamentals, combinations, and overtones of stretching and bending vibrations of the NH4+ molecule. These features appear even in reflectance spectra of water-rich samples which exhibit a strong 3 μm region water absorption feature. While many of the samples examined in this study have NH4 absorption bands at unique wavelength positions, in order to discriminate between different NH4+-bearing phases, absorption features corresponding to molecules other than NH4+ should be included in spectral analysis. A qualitative comparison of the laboratory results to telescopic spectra of Asteroids 1 Ceres, 10 Hygiea, and 324 Bamberga for the 3 μm region demonstrates that a number of NH4-bearing phases are consistent with the observational data in terms of exhibiting an absorption band in the 3.07 μm region.
","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Icarus","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2015.10.028","usgsCitation":"Berg, B.L., Cloutis, E.A., Beck, P., Vernazza, P., Bishop, J., Takir, D., Reddy, V., Applin, D., and Mann, P., 2016, Reflectance spectroscopy (0.35–8 μm) of ammonium-bearing minerals and qualitative comparison to Ceres-like asteroids: Icarus, v. 265, p. 218-237, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.10.028.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"218","endPage":"237","numberOfPages":"10","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066433","costCenters":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":316593,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"265","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56b5d658e4b0cc799981738d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berg, Breanne L.","contributorId":156312,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Berg","given":"Breanne","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":20308,"text":"Department of Geography, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3B 2E9","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cloutis, Edward A.","contributorId":156313,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cloutis","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":20308,"text":"Department of Geography, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3B 2E9","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Beck, P.","contributorId":43700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beck","given":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vernazza, P.","contributorId":156314,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vernazza","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20309,"text":"Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LAM (Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille) UMR 7326, 13388 Marseille, France","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bishop, Janice L","contributorId":156315,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bishop","given":"Janice L","affiliations":[{"id":20310,"text":"SETI Institute, 89 Bernardo Ave, Suite 100, Mountain View, CA, USA 94043","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Takir, Driss dtakir@usgs.gov","contributorId":152190,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Takir","given":"Driss","email":"dtakir@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":131,"text":"Astrogeology Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Reddy, V.","contributorId":156316,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reddy","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20311,"text":"Planetary Science Institute, 1700 East Fort Lowell, Suite 106, Tucson, AZ, USA 85719-2395","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Applin, D.","contributorId":156317,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Applin","given":"D.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20308,"text":"Department of Geography, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3B 2E9","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Mann, Paul","contributorId":57729,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mann","given":"Paul","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9}]}} ,{"id":70175167,"text":"70175167 - 2016 - Continental Shelf Morphology and Stratigraphy Offshore San Onofre, CA: The Interplay Between Rates of Eustatic Change and Sediment Supply","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-02T11:25:26","indexId":"70175167","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T06:15:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Continental Shelf Morphology and Stratigraphy Offshore San Onofre, CA: The Interplay Between Rates of Eustatic Change and Sediment Supply","docAbstract":"New high-resolution CHIRP seismic data acquired offshore San Onofre, southern California reveal that shelf sediment distribution and thickness are primarily controlled by eustatic sea level rise and sediment supply. Throughout the majority of the study region, a prominent abrasion platform and associated shoreline cutoff are observed in the subsurface from ~ 72 to 53 m below present sea level. These erosional features appear to have formed between Melt Water Pulse 1A and Melt Water Pulse 1B, when the rate of sea-level rise was lower. There are three distinct sedimentary units mapped above a regional angular unconformity interpreted to be the Holocene transgressive surface in the seismic data. Unit I, the deepest unit, is interpreted as a lag deposit that infills a topographic low associated with an abrasion platform. Unit I thins seaward by downlap and pinches out landward against the shoreline cutoff. Unit II is a mid-shelf lag deposit formed from shallower eroded material and thins seaward by downlap and landward by onlap. The youngest, Unit III, is interpreted to represent modern sediment deposition. Faults in the study area do not appear to offset the transgressive surface. The Newport Inglewood/Rose Canyon fault system is active in other regions to the south (e.g., La Jolla) where it offsets the transgressive surface and creates seafloor relief. Several shoals observed along the transgressive surface could record minor deformation due to fault activity in the study area. Nevertheless, our preferred interpretation is that the shoals are regions more resistant to erosion during marine transgression. The Cristianitos fault zone also causes a shoaling of the transgressive surface. This may be from resistant antecedent topography due to an early phase of compression on the fault. The Cristianitos fault zone was previously defined as a down-to-the-north normal fault, but the folding and faulting architecture imaged in the CHIRP data are more consistent with a strike-slip fault with a down-to-the-northwest dip-slip component. A third area of shoaling is observed off of San Mateo and San Onofre creeks. This shoaling has a constructional component and could be a relict delta or beach structure. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2015.08.003","usgsCitation":"Klotsko, S., Driscoll, N.W., Kent, G., and Brothers, D.S., 2016, Continental Shelf Morphology and Stratigraphy Offshore San Onofre, CA: The Interplay Between Rates of Eustatic Change and Sediment Supply: Marine Geology, v. 369, p. 116-126, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2015.08.003.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"116","endPage":"126","numberOfPages":"11","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064476","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325909,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Onofre State Beach, Southern California, between Los Angeles and San Diego","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -117.5665855407715,\n 33.37913595905522\n ],\n [\n -117.5430679321289,\n 33.36444180060303\n ],\n [\n -117.52504348754881,\n 33.351680957199115\n ],\n [\n -117.50916481018065,\n 33.340495758384954\n ],\n [\n -117.50144004821779,\n 33.3333250034563\n ],\n [\n -117.50555992126465,\n 33.33038482330389\n ],\n [\n -117.57113456726073,\n 33.37583894926043\n ],\n [\n -117.5665855407715,\n 33.37913595905522\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"369","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a1c42ee4b006cb45552c00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Klotsko, Shannon","contributorId":173303,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Klotsko","given":"Shannon","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27208,"text":"UC San Diego","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Driscoll, Neal W.","contributorId":140186,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Driscoll","given":"Neal","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":12888,"text":"Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Univ of California","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":644188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kent, Graham","contributorId":7608,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kent","given":"Graham","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brothers, Daniel S. 0000-0001-7702-157X dbrothers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7702-157X","contributorId":167089,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brothers","given":"Daniel","email":"dbrothers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":186,"text":"Coastal and Marine Geology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":644186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70170615,"text":"70170615 - 2016 - Mercury in fish and macroinvertebrates from New York's streams and rivers: A compendium of data sources","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-04-21T10:39:00","indexId":"70170615","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":133,"text":"Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"16-07","title":"Mercury in fish and macroinvertebrates from New York's streams and rivers: A compendium of data sources","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has compiled a list of existing data sets, from selected sources, containing mercury (Hg) concentration data in fish and macroinvertebrate samples that were collected from flowing waters of New York State from 1970 through 2014. Data sets selected for inclusion in this report were limited to those that contain fish and (or) macroinvertebrate data that were collected across broad areas, cover relatively long time periods, and (or) were collected as part of a broader-scale (e.g. national) study or program. In addition, all data sets listed were collected, processed, and analyzed with documented methods, and contain critical sample information (e.g. fish species, fish size, Hg species) that is needed to analyze and interpret the reported Hg concentration data. Fourteen data sets, all from state or federal agencies, are listed in this report, along with selected descriptive information regarding each data source and data set contents. Together, these 14 data sets contain Hg and related data for more than\r\n7,000 biological samples collected from more than 700 unique stream and river locations between 1970 and 2014.","language":"English","publisher":"New York State Energy Research and Development Authority","usgsCitation":"Riva-Murray, K., and Burns, D.A., 2016, Mercury in fish and macroinvertebrates from New York's streams and rivers: A compendium of data sources: Report 16-07, v, 16 p.","productDescription":"v, 16 p.","numberOfPages":"26","ipdsId":"IP-059881","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":340076,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":340075,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://nyserda.ny.gov/publications"}],"country":"United States","state":"New 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York\",\"nation\":\"USA \"}}]}","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":11,"text":"Pembroke PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58fb1a4ee4b0c3010a8087c7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Riva-Murray, Karen krmurray@usgs.gov","contributorId":168654,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Riva-Murray","given":"Karen","email":"krmurray@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":627885,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burns, Douglas A. 0000-0001-6516-2869 daburns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6516-2869","contributorId":1237,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Douglas","email":"daburns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":627886,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70192962,"text":"70192962 - 2016 - Salinity effects on plasma ion levels, cortisol, and osmolality in Chinook salmon following lethal sampling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-07T12:40:03","indexId":"70192962","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1289,"text":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Salinity effects on plasma ion levels, cortisol, and osmolality in Chinook salmon following lethal sampling","docAbstract":"Studies on hydromineral balance in fishes frequently employ measurements of electrolytes following euthanasia. We tested the effects of fresh- or salt-water euthanasia baths of tricaine mesylate (MS-222) on plasma magnesium (Mg2+) and sodium (Na+) ions, cortisoland osmolality in fish exposed to saltwater challenges, and the ion and steroid hormone fluctuations over time following euthanasia in juvenile spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Salinity of the euthanasia bath affected plasma Mg2+ and Na+concentrations as well as osmolality, with higher concentrations in fish euthanized in saltwater. Time spent in the bath positively affected plasma Mg2+ and osmolality, negatively affected cortisol, and had no effect on Na+ concentrations. The difference of temporal trends in plasma Mg2+ and Na+ suggests that Mg2+ may be more sensitive to physiological changes and responds more rapidly than Na+. When electrolytes and cortisol are measured as endpoints after euthanasia, care needs to be taken relative to time after death and the salinity of the euthanasia bath.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.11.011","usgsCitation":"Stewart, H., Noakes, D.L., Cogliati, K.M., Peterson, J., Iversen, M.H., and Schreck, C.B., 2016, Salinity effects on plasma ion levels, cortisol, and osmolality in Chinook salmon following lethal sampling: Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, v. 192, p. 38-43, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.11.011.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"38","endPage":"43","ipdsId":"IP-067157","costCenters":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471282,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.11.011","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348377,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"192","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a07ea6ce4b09af898c8cc84","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stewart, Heather","contributorId":173199,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stewart","given":"Heather","affiliations":[{"id":27188,"text":"Alaska Department of Natural Resources Division of Agriculture","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Noakes, David L. G.","contributorId":195116,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Noakes","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"L. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cogliati, Karen M.","contributorId":200086,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cogliati","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720929,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peterson, James T. 0000-0002-7709-8590 james_peterson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-8590","contributorId":2111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"James","email":"james_peterson@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Iversen, Martin H.","contributorId":200087,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Iversen","given":"Martin","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":720931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Schreck, Carl B. 0000-0001-8347-1139 carl.schreck@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8347-1139","contributorId":878,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schreck","given":"Carl","email":"carl.schreck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":717448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70176519,"text":"70176519 - 2016 - Impacts of climate change on land-use and wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-28T11:36:55","indexId":"70176519","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3242,"text":"Regional Environmental Change","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Impacts of climate change on land-use and wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America","docAbstract":"Wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North America is closely linked to climate. A warmer and drier climate, as predicted, will negatively affect the productivity of PPR wetlands and the services they provide. The effect of climate change on wetland productivity, however, will not only depend on natural processes (e.g., evapotranspiration), but also on human responses. Agricultural land use, the predominant use in the PPR, is unlikely to remain static as climate change affects crop yields and prices. Land use in uplands surrounding wetlands will further affect wetland water budgets and hence wetland productivity. The net impact of climate change on wetland productivity will therefore depend on both the direct effects of climate change on wetlands and the indirect effects on upland land use. We examine the effect of climate change and land-use response on semipermanent wetland productivity by combining an economic model of agricultural land-use change with an ecological model of wetland dynamics. Our results suggest that the climate change scenarios evaluated are likely to have profound effects on land use in the North and South Dakota PPR, with wheat displacing other crops and pasture. The combined pressure of land-use and climate change significantly reduces wetland productivity. In a climate scenario with a +4 °C increase in temperature, our model predicts that almost the entire region may lack the wetland productivity necessary to support wetland-dependent species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/s10113-015-0768-3","usgsCitation":"Rashford, B.S., Adams, R.M., Wu, J., Voldseth, R.A., Guntenspergen, G.R., Werner, B., and Johnson, W., 2016, Impacts of climate change on land-use and wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America: Regional Environmental Change, v. 16, no. 2, p. 515-526, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0768-3.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"515","endPage":"526","ipdsId":"IP-061526","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":328758,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota, South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 42.779275360241904\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -96.50390625,\n 48.980216985374994\n ],\n [\n -96.50390625,\n 42.779275360241904\n ],\n [\n -102.041015625,\n 42.779275360241904\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-02-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57f7c6cfe4b0bc0bec09cb78","chorus":{"doi":"10.1007/s10113-015-0768-3","url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0768-3","publisher":"Springer Nature","authors":"Rashford Benjamin S., Adams Richard M., Wu JunJie, Voldseth Richard A., Guntenspergen Glenn R., Werner Brett, Johnson W. Carter","journalName":"Regional Environmental Change","publicationDate":"2/17/2015","auditedOn":"7/29/2016","publiclyAccessibleDate":"2/17/2015"},"contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rashford, Benjamin S.","contributorId":174506,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rashford","given":"Benjamin","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":6656,"text":"University of Wyoming, Renewable Resources","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":649078,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Adams, Richard M.","contributorId":174709,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Adams","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649079,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wu, Jun","contributorId":174710,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wu","given":"Jun","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649080,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Voldseth, Richard A.","contributorId":98453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voldseth","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649081,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Guntenspergen, Glenn R. 0000-0002-8593-0244 glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8593-0244","contributorId":2885,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guntenspergen","given":"Glenn","email":"glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":649082,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Werner, Brett","contributorId":47073,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Werner","given":"Brett","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649083,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Johnson, W. Carter","contributorId":17548,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W. Carter","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":649084,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70170222,"text":"70170222 - 2016 - Recent rates of carbon accumulation in montane fens ofYosemite National Park, California, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-04-12T14:41:46","indexId":"70170222","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":899,"text":"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Recent rates of carbon accumulation in montane fens ofYosemite National Park, California, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Little is known about recent rates of carbon storage in montane peatlands, particularly in the western United States. Here we report on recent rates of carbon accumulation (past 50 to 100 years) in montane groundwater-fed peatlands (fens) of Yosemite National Park in central California, U.S.A. Peat cores were collected at three sites ranging in elevation from 2070 to 2500 m. Core sections were analyzed for bulk density, % organic carbon, and 210Pb activities for dating purposes. Organic carbon densities ranged from 0.026 to 0.065 g C cm-3. Mean vertical accretion rates estimated using210Pb over the 50-year period from ∼1960 to 2011 and the 100-year period from ∼1910 to 2011 were 0.28 (standard deviation = ±0.09) and 0.18 (±-0.04) cm yr-1, respectively. Mean carbon accumulation rates over the 50- and 100-year periods were 95.4 (±25.4) and 74.7 (±17.2) g C m-2 yr-1, respectively. Such rates are similar to recent rates of carbon accumulation in rich fens in western Canada, but more studies are needed to definitively establish both the similarities and differences in peat formation between boreal and temperate montane fens.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bioone","doi":"10.1657/AAAR0015-002","collaboration":"USGS/National Park Service Park Oriented Biological Support","usgsCitation":"Drexler, J.Z., Fuller, C.C., Orlando, J.L., and Moore, P.E., 2016, Recent rates of carbon accumulation in montane fens ofYosemite National Park, California, U.S.A.: Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, v. 47, no. 4, p. 657-659, https://doi.org/10.1657/AAAR0015-002.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"657","endPage":"659","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-058004","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471275,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1657/aaar0015-002","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":319985,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":319975,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1657/AAAR0015-002"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Yosemite National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.69123840332031,\n 37.859675659210005\n ],\n [\n -119.38224792480467,\n 37.894904889845144\n ],\n [\n -119.31221008300781,\n 37.68273350145476\n ],\n [\n -119.63150024414061,\n 37.65501407801064\n ],\n [\n -119.69123840332031,\n 37.859675659210005\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"47","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2018-01-05","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"570e1c36e4b0ef3b7ca24c3f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Drexler, Judith Z. 0000-0002-0127-3866 jdrexler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-3866","contributorId":167492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drexler","given":"Judith","email":"jdrexler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Z.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626528,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fuller, Christopher C. 0000-0002-2354-8074 ccfuller@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2354-8074","contributorId":1831,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fuller","given":"Christopher","email":"ccfuller@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":374,"text":"Maryland Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":37277,"text":"WMA - Earth System Processes Division","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":36183,"text":"Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626529,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orlando, James L. 0000-0002-0099-7221 jorlando@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-7221","contributorId":1368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orlando","given":"James","email":"jorlando@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":626530,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, Peggy E. 0000-0002-8481-2617 peggy_moore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8481-2617","contributorId":3365,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"Peggy","email":"peggy_moore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":626531,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70169964,"text":"70169964 - 2016 - Migratory corridors of adult female Kemp’s ridley turtles in the Gulf of Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-07-17T23:39:52","indexId":"70169964","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Migratory corridors of adult female Kemp’s ridley turtles in the Gulf of Mexico","docAbstract":"For many marine species, locations of migratory pathways are not well defined. We used satellite telemetry and switching state-space modeling (SSM) to define the migratory corridor used by Kemp's ridley turtles (Lepidochelys kempii) in the Gulf of Mexico. The turtles were tagged after nesting at Padre Island National Seashore, Texas, USA from 1997 to 2014 (PAIS; n = 80); Rancho Nuevo, Tamaulipas, Mexico from 2010 to 2011 (RN; n = 14); Tecolutla, Veracruz, Mexico from 2012 to 2013 (VC; n = 13); and Gulf Shores, Alabama, USA during 2012 (GS; n = 1). The migratory corridor lies in nearshore Gulf of Mexico waters in the USA and Mexico with mean water depth of 26 m and a mean distance of 20 km from the nearest mainland coast. Migration from the nesting beach is a short phenomenon that occurs from late-May through August, with a peak in June. There was spatial similarity of post-nesting migratory pathways for different turtles over a 16 year period. Thus, our results indicate that these nearshore Gulf waters represent a critical migratory habitat for this species. However, there is a gap in our understanding of the migratory pathways used by this and other species to return from foraging grounds to nesting beaches. Therefore, our results highlight the need for tracking reproductive individuals from foraging grounds to nesting beaches. Continued tracking of adult females from PAIS, RN, and VC nesting beaches will allow further study of environmental and bathymetric components of migratory habitat and threats occurring within our defined corridor. Furthermore, the existence of this migratory corridor in nearshore waters of both the USA and Mexico demonstrates that international cooperation is necessary to protect essential migratory habitat for this imperiled species.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2015.12.014","usgsCitation":"Shaver, D.J., Hart, K.M., Fujisaki, I., Rubio, C., Sartain-Iverson, A.R., Pena, J., Gamez, D.G., Gonzales Diaz Miron, R.D., Burchfield, P.M., Martinez, H.J., and Ortiz, J., 2016, Migratory corridors of adult female Kemp’s ridley turtles in the Gulf of Mexico: Biological Conservation, v. 194, p. 158-167, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.12.014.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"158","endPage":"167","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-067268","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471279,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.12.014","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":319676,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Mexico","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -83.1005859375,\n 24.462150693715266\n ],\n [\n -83.1005859375,\n 24.77177232822881\n ],\n [\n -82.6171875,\n 24.77177232822881\n ],\n [\n -82.6171875,\n 24.462150693715266\n ],\n [\n -83.1005859375,\n 24.462150693715266\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.0859375,\n 18.437924653474393\n ],\n [\n -98.0859375,\n 26.96124577052697\n ],\n [\n -95.29541015625,\n 26.96124577052697\n ],\n [\n -95.29541015625,\n 18.437924653474393\n ],\n [\n -98.0859375,\n 18.437924653474393\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"194","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56fe4a91e4b075ab2b2ab8ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shaver, Donna J.","contributorId":11104,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaver","given":"Donna","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625776,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hart, Kristen M. 0000-0002-5257-7974 kristen_hart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5257-7974","contributorId":1966,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hart","given":"Kristen","email":"kristen_hart@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":625708,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Fujisaki, 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M.","contributorId":47676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burchfield","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Martinez, Hector J.","contributorId":168394,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Martinez","given":"Hector","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625784,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Ortiz, Jaime","contributorId":77447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ortiz","given":"Jaime","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":625785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70169274,"text":"70169274 - 2016 - Evaluating geothermal and hydrogeologic controls on regional groundwater temperature distribution","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-22T12:38:26","indexId":"70169274","displayToPublicDate":"2016-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating geothermal and hydrogeologic controls on regional groundwater temperature distribution","docAbstract":"A one-dimensional (1-D) analytic solution is developed for heat transport through an aquifer system where the vertical temperature profile in the aquifer is nearly uniform. The general anisotropic form of the viscous heat generation term is developed for use in groundwater flow simulations. The 1-D solution is extended to more complex geometries by solving the equation for piece-wise linear or uniform properties and boundary conditions. A moderately complex example, the Eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP), is analyzed to demonstrate the use of the analytic solution for identifying important physical processes. For example, it is shown that viscous heating is variably important and that heat conduction to the land surface is a primary control on the distribution of aquifer and spring temperatures. Use of published values for all aquifer and thermal properties results in a reasonable match between simulated and measured groundwater temperatures over most of the 300 km length of the ESRP, except for geothermal heat flow into the base of the aquifer within 20 km of the Yellowstone hotspot. Previous basal heat flow measurements (∼110 mW/m2) made beneath the ESRP aquifer were collected at distances of >50 km from the Yellowstone Plateau, but a higher basal heat flow of 150 mW/m2 is required to match groundwater temperatures near the Plateau. The ESRP example demonstrates how the new tool can be used during preliminary analysis of a groundwater system, allowing efficient identification of the important physical processes that must be represented during more-complex 2-D and 3-D simulations of combined groundwater and heat flow.
","language":"English","publisher":"AGU Publications","doi":"10.1002/2015WR018204","usgsCitation":"Burns, E.R., Ingebritsen, S.E., Manga, M., and Williams, C.F., 2016, Evaluating geothermal and hydrogeologic controls on regional groundwater temperature distribution: Water Resources Research, v. 52, no. 2, p. 1328-1344, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR018204.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"1328","endPage":"1344","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-066164","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471280,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1480710","text":"External Repository"},{"id":319342,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho","otherGeospatial":"Eastern Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -112.44232177734374,\n 42.92224052343343\n ],\n [\n -112.37640380859375,\n 43.068887774169625\n ],\n [\n -112.2637939453125,\n 43.19516498456403\n ],\n [\n -112.1044921875,\n 43.30719248161193\n ],\n [\n -112.00836181640625,\n 43.45890015705449\n ],\n [\n -111.99462890625,\n 43.6102281417864\n ],\n [\n -111.94793701171875,\n 43.70362249839005\n ],\n [\n -111.84906005859375,\n 43.76514352427404\n ],\n [\n -111.78314208984375,\n 43.81471121600004\n ],\n [\n -111.83807373046875,\n 43.91174463910793\n ],\n [\n -111.96441650390625,\n 43.96119063892024\n ],\n [\n -112.13470458984375,\n 43.9473499035071\n ],\n [\n -112.22259521484375,\n 43.91174463910793\n ],\n [\n -112.39562988281249,\n 43.8503744993026\n ],\n [\n -112.576904296875,\n 43.80876526350847\n ],\n [\n -112.78289794921875,\n 43.82461982131735\n ],\n [\n -113.060302734375,\n 43.67581809328344\n ],\n [\n -113.302001953125,\n 43.57840117718351\n ],\n [\n -113.6810302734375,\n 43.367122441110716\n ],\n [\n -113.96942138671875,\n 43.25520534158046\n ],\n [\n -114.12322998046875,\n 43.27320591705845\n ],\n [\n -114.43634033203125,\n 43.279204926082784\n ],\n [\n -114.7137451171875,\n 43.271206115959785\n ],\n [\n -115.07904052734374,\n 43.271206115959785\n ],\n [\n -115.1971435546875,\n 43.22719386727831\n ],\n [\n -115.1531982421875,\n 43.02472955416351\n ],\n [\n -114.88677978515625,\n 42.896088552971065\n ],\n [\n -114.87030029296875,\n 42.72280375732727\n ],\n [\n -114.76867675781249,\n 42.57128708742757\n ],\n [\n -114.32373046875,\n 42.47817430242153\n ],\n [\n -113.873291015625,\n 42.459940352216556\n ],\n [\n -113.51898193359374,\n 42.52069952914966\n ],\n [\n -113.22235107421874,\n 42.60970621339408\n ],\n [\n -113.0218505859375,\n 42.67435857693384\n ],\n [\n -112.74444580078125,\n 42.789354160502775\n ],\n [\n -112.47528076171875,\n 42.88401467044253\n ],\n [\n -112.44232177734374,\n 42.92224052343343\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-02-28","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56f50fc7e4b0f59b85e1eb4d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burns, Erick R. 0000-0002-1747-0506 eburns@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1747-0506","contributorId":3094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burns","given":"Erick","email":"eburns@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":623424,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Ingebritsen, Steven E. 0000-0001-6917-9369 seingebr@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6917-9369","contributorId":818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ingebritsen","given":"Steven","email":"seingebr@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - 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During 1990 and 1991 we alternately marked 80 hatching year (HY), female mallards along the Vermont–Quebec border; half with radio-transmitters and bands and half with only aluminum leg bands. We monitored radio-marked ducks daily and recorded survival status weekly for 15 weeks from August until December each year. Mallard mortalities began 25 September when the hunting season opened in the Province of Quebec, Canada. Overall survival of mallards at week 10 did not differ between years (0.51 in 1990 vs. 0.43 in 1991) or differ from that of HY American black ducks (0.44 females, 0.42 males) based on proportional hazard analysis in a Bayesian framework. The mortality rates for mallards from hunting (0.47) and causes unrelated to hunting (0.06) were similar between years and to those rates for HY black ducks at that same site. Hunter harvest accounted for most of the mortality recorded during this study and illegal feeding (i.e., baiting) at sites just before and during the hunting season was observed. Females with lower body condition index had greater mortality rates; a 1-standard-deviation increase in condition index would reduce mortality hazard by about 29%. Management options that may increase mallard survival in the area include lowering daily bag limit in Quebec and suspending split hunting seasons in Vermont that increase harvest, delaying opening date of hunting in Quebec to allow for increased body condition before hunting season opens, and improving enforcement of baiting restrictions.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Wildlife Society","doi":"10.1002/jwmg.1013","usgsCitation":"Longcore, J.R., McAuley, D.G., Heisey, D.M., Bunck, C.M., and Clugston, D.A., 2016, Survival of female mallards along the Vermont-Quebec border region: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 80, no. 2, p. 355-367, https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.1013.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"355","endPage":"367","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-057509","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":471283,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.1013","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":325004,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","state":"Quebec, Vermont","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -73.23623657226562,\n 44.91181802825403\n ],\n [\n -73.23623657226562,\n 45.03083274759959\n ],\n [\n -73.0755615234375,\n 45.03083274759959\n ],\n [\n -73.0755615234375,\n 44.91181802825403\n ],\n [\n -73.23623657226562,\n 44.91181802825403\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"80","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2015-10-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5784c344e4b0e02680be59e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Longcore, Jerry R.","contributorId":45447,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Longcore","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":642094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McAuley, Daniel G. dmcauley@usgs.gov","contributorId":5377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McAuley","given":"Daniel","email":"dmcauley@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":519023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Heisey, Dennis M. dheisey@usgs.gov","contributorId":2455,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Heisey","given":"Dennis","email":"dheisey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":642095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bunck, Christine M. cbunck@usgs.gov","contributorId":731,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bunck","given":"Christine","email":"cbunck@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":642096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Clugston, David A.","contributorId":172791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clugston","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":642097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70177910,"text":"70177910 - 2016 - Geochemistry of formation waters from the Wolfcamp and “Cline” shales: Insights into brine origin, reservoir connectivity, and fluid flow in the Permian Basin, USA","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-05-24T08:19:21","indexId":"70177910","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-30T19:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of formation waters from the Wolfcamp and “Cline” shales: Insights into brine origin, reservoir connectivity, and fluid flow in the Permian Basin, USA","docAbstract":"Despite being one of the most important oil producing provinces in the United States, information on basinal hydrogeology and fluid flow in the Permian Basin of Texas and New Mexico is lacking. The source and geochemistry of brines from the basin were investigated (Ordovician- to Guadalupian-age reservoirs) by combining previously published data from conventional reservoirs with geochemical results for 39 new produced water samples, with a focus on those from shales. Salinity of the Ca–Cl-type brines in the basin generally increases with depth reaching a maximum in Devonian (median = 154 g/L) reservoirs, followed by decreases in salinity in the Silurian (median = 77 g/L) and Ordovician (median = 70 g/L) reservoirs. Isotopic data for B, O, H, and Sr and ion chemistry indicate three major types of water. Lower salinity fluids (<70 g/L) of meteoric origin in the middle and upper Permian hydrocarbon reservoirs (1.2–2.5 km depth; Guadalupian and Leonardian age) likely represent meteoric waters that infiltrated through and dissolved halite and anhydrite in the overlying evaporite layer. Saline (>100 g/L), isotopically heavy (O and H) water in Leonardian [Permian] to Pennsylvanian reservoirs (2–3.2 km depth) is evaporated, Late Permian seawater. Water from the Permian Wolfcamp and Pennsylvanian “Cline” shales, which are isotopically similar but lower in salinity and enriched in alkalis, appear to have developed their composition due to post-illitization diffusion into the shales. Samples from the “Cline” shale are further enriched with NH4, Br, I and isotopically light B, sourced from the breakdown of marine kerogen in the unit. Lower salinity waters (<100 g/L) in Devonian and deeper reservoirs (>3 km depth), which plot near the modern local meteoric water line, are distinct from the water in overlying reservoirs. We propose that these deep meteoric waters are part of a newly identified hydrogeologic unit: the Deep Basin Meteoric Aquifer System. Chemical, isotopic, and pressure data suggest that despite over-pressuring in the Wolfcamp shale, there is little potential for vertical fluid migration to the surface environment via natural conduits.
\nHawai‘i Volcanoes National Park (HAVO) encompasses 1,308 km2 on Hawai‘i Island. The park harbors endemic plants and animals which are threatened by a variety of invasive species. Introduced ungulates have caused sharp declines of numerous endemic species and have converted ecosystems to novel grazing systems in many cases. Local ranchers and the Territorial Government of Hawai‘i had long conducted regional ungulate control even prior to the establishment of HAVO in 1916. In 1995 the park’s hunting team began a new hunt database that allowed managers to review hunt effort and effectiveness in each management unit. Target species included feral pigs (Sus scrofa), European mouflon sheep (Ovis gmelini musimon), feral goats (Capra hircus) and wild cattle (Bos taurus). Hunters removed 1,204 feral pigs from HAVO over a 19-year period (1996‒2014). A variety of methods were employed, but trapping, snaring and ground hunts with dogs accounted for the most kills. Trapping yielded the most animals per unit effort. Hunters and volunteers removed 6,657 mouflon from HAVO; 6,601 of those were from the 468 km2 Kahuku Unit. Aerial hunts yielded the most animals followed by ground hunt methods. Hunters completed eradications of goats in several management units over an 18- year period (1997‒2014) when they removed the last 239 known individuals in HAVO primarily with aerial hunts. There have also been seven cattle and five feral dogs (Canis familiaris) removed from HAVO.
Establishing benchmarks and monitoring the success of on-the-ground ungulate removal efforts can improve the efficiency of protecting and restoring native forest for high-priority watersheds and native wildlife. We tested a variety of methods to detect small populations of ungulates within HAVO and the Hō‘ili Wai study area in the high-priority watershed of Ka‘ū Forest Reserve on Hawai‘i Island. We conducted ground surveys, aerial surveys and continuous camera trap monitoring in both fence-enclosed units and unenclosed units where populations of introduced mouflon and feral pigs threatened sensitive native plants and forest bird habitats.
Beginning in June 2014, twenty infrared camera traps were positioned in areas occupied by ungulates. The cameras were active for at most 198 days, and then half of the cameras were baited with oats and salt blocks for 126 days. There were a total of 1,496 observations of mouflon captured on camera, totaling 2,592 individuals: 1,020 ewes, 900 rams, 276 lambs, and 396 sheep of unknown sex. There were no detections of the illegally introduced axis deer (Axis axis). There were 11 observations of feral pigs and 109 observations of other animals (birds, rats, and other small mammals), including one detection of the federally endangered Hawaiian hawk (Buteo solitarius). Mouflon detection rates did not increase near baited cameras until three months after the initial baiting.
Ground-based surveys for ungulate presence were conducted along six transects in Kahuku in October 2014. Evidence of ungulates were detected in 27.5% of plots surveyed within an unenclosed unit, while an enclosed unit had sign in only 3.6% of plots surveyed. An aerial survey by helicopter was conducted in October 2014. A total of 378 mouflon were detected during the survey: 192 in the Kahuku Paddocks, 186 in the Kahuku East unit and no mouflon were detected in the actively controlled Mauka unit.
Two baseline ungulate surveys have been completed at the Hō‘ili Wai study area in the highpriority watershed of Ka‘ū Forest Reserve adjacent to Kahuku prior to the completion of an exclusionary ungulate fence. Ground-based surveys were conducted on four transects within a 4.99 km2 area on 5 August and 5–6 November 2014. In August, 20.71% of 565 plots surveyed 2 had fresh or intermediate ungulate sign. In November, 17.41% of 557 plots surveyed had fresh or intermediate ungulate sign. These surveys represent baseline levels of ungulate activity prior to management; therefore comparative inferences can be made about ungulate distribution and relative abundance, but inferences about absolute abundance cannot be made until all ungulates have been removed from the enclosed area. Additional ground-based surveys will be conducted when the fenced area has been fully enclosed, and until ungulate removals have been completed.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Hawaii at Hilo","publisherLocation":"Hilo, HI","collaboration":"This product was prepared under Cooperative Agreement G13AC00097 for the Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center of the U.S. Geological Survey.","usgsCitation":"Judge, S.W., Hess, S.C., Faford, J.K., Pacheco, D., Leopold, C.R., Cole, C., and Deguzman, V., 2016, Evaluating detection and monitoring tools for incipient and relictual non-native ungulate populations: Technical Report HCSU-069, v. 69, v, 44.","productDescription":"v, 44","startPage":"1","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"49","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-071779","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":326262,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":328010,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://dspace.lib.hawaii.edu/handle/10790/2605"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Hōʽili Wai Unit of Kaʽū Forest Reserve, Kahuku Unit of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.93994140625,\n 18.843913201134132\n ],\n [\n -155.93994140625,\n 19.49248592618279\n ],\n [\n -155.0665283203125,\n 19.49248592618279\n ],\n [\n -155.0665283203125,\n 18.843913201134132\n ],\n [\n -155.93994140625,\n 18.843913201134132\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"69","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a9ad4fe4b05e859bdfb931","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Judge, Seth W.","contributorId":8718,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Judge","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hess, Steve C. 0000-0001-6403-9922 shess@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6403-9922","contributorId":150366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Steve","email":"shess@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Faford, Jonathan K.J.","contributorId":16739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Faford","given":"Jonathan","email":"","middleInitial":"K.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pacheco, Dexter","contributorId":156310,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pacheco","given":"Dexter","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":20307,"text":"US National Park Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Leopold, Christina R.","contributorId":46817,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leopold","given":"Christina","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":597400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Cole, Colleen","contributorId":140102,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cole","given":"Colleen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13385,"text":"University of Hawaii at Hilo Cooperative Studies Unit","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":597401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Deguzman, Veronica vdeguzman@usgs.gov","contributorId":156311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Deguzman","given":"Veronica","email":"vdeguzman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":5049,"text":"Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":597402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70162657,"text":"sir20155158 - 2016 - Water quality and hydrology of Silver Lake, Oceana County, Michigan, with emphasis on lake response to nutrient loading","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-08T12:35:15","indexId":"sir20155158","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-29T16:45:00","publicationYear":"2016","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":334,"text":"Scientific Investigations Report","code":"SIR","onlineIssn":"2328-0328","printIssn":"2328-031X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2015-5158","title":"Water quality and hydrology of Silver Lake, Oceana County, Michigan, with emphasis on lake response to nutrient loading","docAbstract":"Silver Lake is a 672-acre inland lake located in Oceana County, Michigan, and is a major tourist destination due to its proximity to Lake Michigan and the surrounding outdoor recreational opportunities. In recent years, Silver Lake exhibited patterns of high phosphorus concentrations, elevated chlorophyll a concentrations, and nuisance algal blooms. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Silver Lake Improvement Board and in collaboration with the Annis Water Resources Institute (AWRI) of Grand Valley State University, designed a study to assess the hydrologic and nutrient inputs to Silver Lake in order to identify the events and conditions that affect the nutrient chemistry and production of algal blooms in the lake. This information can inform water-resource managers in developing various management strategies to prevent or reduce the occurrence of future algal blooms.
\nUSGS and AWRI scientists collected data from November 2012 to December 2014 to provide information for future management decisions for Silver Lake. Silver Lake can be classified as a polymictic lake and has a residence time of approximately 223 days. Based on the mean lake Secchi depth, total phosphorus, and total nitrogen concentrations, Silver Lake is classified as a eutrophic lake. In-situ bioassay results indicate that algal growth in Silver Lake is colimited by both nitrogen and phosphorus. The nutrient budget for Silver Lake was calculated using the BATHTUB model based on 2 years of water-quality data collection. The BATHTUB model, developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, treats the lake as a well-mixed system with multiple inputs and outlets for both water and dissolved constituents, such as nutrients.
\nBased on results of the BATHTUB model, which were conditioned on observed concentrations and flows, the mean annual input of phosphorus to Silver Lake was approximately 1,342 pounds (lb); the mean annual input of nitrogen to Silver Lake was approximately 51,998 lb. The major measured sources of phosphorus loading to Silver Lake were groundwater and Hunter Creek, whereas the major measured sources of nitrogen to Silver Lake were Hunter Creek, groundwater, and atmospheric deposition. The largest loading of phosphorus and nitrogen to Silver Lake occurred during the spring. Minimal phosphorus deposition (if any) occurred in the lakebed sediment; however, of the nitrogen that entered Silver Lake, approximately 42.2 percent was deposited in the lakebed sediment as simulated by the BATHTUB model.
\nIn addition to measured sources, a septic load model was used to estimate the likely range of septic contribution to groundwater and adjacent surface waters. The likely septic loading scenario estimates that septic systems contribute 47.8 percent of the phosphorus to groundwater and 22.3 percent of phosphorus to Hunter Creek. These results indicate that septic systems are a major source of phosphorus loading to Silver Lake. The likely septic loading scenario indicated that septic systems account for 0.95 percent of the nitrogen load to Hunter Creek and 1.1 percent of the contribution of nitrogen to groundwater.
\nThe BATHTUB model was used to estimate future nutrient loading and eutrophication scenarios based on water-quality data collected from Silver Lake, groundwater, major tributaries, and atmospheric deposition. A separate septic load model was used to estimate the septic contribution to groundwater or directly to surface water, and the nutrient load estimates were modeled using the BATHTUB model to determine subsequent water-quality changes to Silver Lake.
\nDirector, Michigan Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6520 Mercantile Way Suite 5
Lansing, MI 48911–5991
http://mi.water.usgs.gov/
Arnold Air Force Base occupies about 40,000 acres in Coffee and Franklin Counties, Tennessee. The primary mission of Arnold Air Force Base is to provide risk-reduction information in the development of aerospace products through test and evaluation. This mission is achieved in part through test facilities at Arnold Engineering Development Complex (AEDC), which occupies about 4,000 acres in the center of Arnold Air Force Base. Arnold Air Force Base is underlain by gravel and limestone aquifers, the most productive of which is the Manchester aquifer. Several volatile organic compounds, primarily chlorinated solvents, have been identified in the groundwater at Arnold Air Force Base. In 2011, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Air Force, Arnold Air Force Base, completed a study of groundwater flow focused on the Arnold Engineering Development Complex area. The Arnold Engineering Development Complex area is of particular concern because within this area (1) chlorinated solvents have been identified in the groundwater, (2) the aquifers are dewatered around below-grade test facilities, and (3) there is a regional groundwater divide.
\nDuring May 2011, when water levels were near seasonal highs, water-level data were collected from 374 monitoring wells; and during September 2011, when water levels were near seasonal lows, water-level data were collected from 376 monitoring wells. Potentiometric surfaces were mapped by contouring altitudes of water levels measured in wells completed in the shallow aquifer, the upper and lower parts of the Manchester aquifer, and the Fort Payne aquifer. Water levels are generally 2 to 14 feet lower in September compared to May. The potentiometric-surface maps for all aquifers indicate a groundwater depression at the J4 test cell. Similar groundwater depressions in the shallow and upper parts of the Manchester aquifer are within the main testing area at the Arnold Engineering Development Complex at dewatering facilities.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20155165","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the United States Air Force, Arnold Air Force Base","usgsCitation":"Haugh, C.J., and Robinson, J.A., 2016, Potentiometric surfaces of the Arnold Engineering Development Complex area, Arnold Air Force Base, Tennessee, May and September 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2015–5165, 23 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20155165.","productDescription":"v, 28 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-059351","costCenters":[{"id":581,"text":"Tennessee Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314981,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5165/sir20155165.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.57 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2015-5165"},{"id":314980,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2015/5165/coverthb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","county":"Coffee County, Franklin County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -86.5,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -86.5,\n 35.75\n ],\n [\n -85.5,\n 35.75\n ],\n [\n -85.5,\n 35\n ],\n [\n -86.5,\n 35\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Lower Mississippi Gulf Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
640 Grassmere Park, Suite 100
Nashville, TN 37211
http://tn.water.usgs.gov
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) installed the first gage to measure the flow of water into California’s Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta from the Sacramento River in the late 1800s. Today, a network of 35 hydro-acoustic meters measure flow throughout the delta. This region is a critical part of California’s freshwater supply and conveyance system. With the data provided by this flow-station network—sampled every 15 minutes and updated to the web every hour—state and federal water managers make daily decisions about how much freshwater can be pumped for human use, at which locations, and when. Fish and wildlife scientists, working with water managers, also use this information to protect fish species affected by pumping and loss of habitat. The data are also used to help determine the success or failure of efforts to restore ecosystem processes in what has been called the “most managed and highly altered” watershed in the country.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/fs20153061","usgsCitation":"Burau, J.R., Ruhl, C.A., and Work, P.A., 2016, Innovation in Monitoring: The U.S. Geological Survey Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, California, Flow-Station Network: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2015-3061, 6 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/fs20153061.","productDescription":"6 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-044692","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":315073,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3061/coverthb.jpg"},{"id":315074,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2015/3061/fs20153061.pdf","text":"Report","size":"2.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"FS 2015-3061 PDF"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Sacramento River, San Joaquin River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122,\n 37.75\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -121.25,\n 38.5\n ],\n [\n -121.25,\n 37.75\n ],\n [\n -122,\n 37.75\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, California Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
6000 J Street, Placer Hall
Sacramento, CA 95819
http://ca.water.usgs.gov
The active Lassen hydrothermal system includes a central vapor-dominated zone or zones beneath the Lassen highlands underlain by ~240 °C high-chloride waters that discharge at lower elevations. It is the best-exposed and largest hydrothermal system in the Cascade Range, discharging 41 ± 10 kg/s of steam (~115 MW) and 23 ± 2 kg/s of high-chloride waters (~27 MW). The Lassen system accounts for a full 1/3 of the total high-temperature hydrothermal heat discharge in the U.S. Cascades (140/400 MW). Hydrothermal heat discharge of ~140 MW can be supported by crystallization and cooling of silicic magma at a rate of ~2400 km3/Ma, and the ongoing rates of heat and magmatic CO2 discharge are broadly consistent with a petrologic model for basalt-driven magmatic evolution. The clustering of observed seismicity at ~4–5 km depth may define zones of thermal cracking where the hydrothermal system mines heat from near-plastic rock. If so, the combined areal extent of the primary heat-transfer zones is ~5 km2, the average conductive heat flux over that area is >25 W/m2, and the conductive-boundary length <50 m. Observational records of hydrothermal discharge are likely too short to document long-term transients, whether they are intrinsic to the system or owe to various geologic events such as the eruption of Lassen Peak at 27 ka, deglaciation beginning ~18 ka, the eruptions of Chaos Crags at 1.1 ka, or the minor 1914–1917 eruption at the summit of Lassen Peak. However, there is a rich record of intermittent hydrothermal measurement over the past several decades and more-frequent measurement 2009–present. These data reveal sensitivity to climate and weather conditions, seasonal variability that owes to interaction with the shallow hydrologic system, and a transient 1.5- to twofold increase in high-chloride discharge in response to an earthquake swarm in mid-November 2014.
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The ILM partnership uses the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) modeling platform to facilitate regional quantifications of ecosystem services under various scenarios of land-cover change that are representative of differing conservation program and practice implementation scenarios. To date, the ILM InVEST partnership has resulted in capabilities to quantify carbon stores, amphibian habitat, plant-community diversity, and pollination services. Work to include waterfowl and grassland bird habitat quality is in progress. Initial InVEST modeling has been focused on the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of the United States; future efforts might encompass other regions as data availability and knowledge increase as to how functions affecting ecosystem services differ among regions.
The ILM partnership is also developing the capability for field-scale process-based modeling of depressional wetland ecosystems using the Agricultural Policy/Environmental Extender (APEX) model. Progress was made towards the development of techniques to use the APEX model for closed-basin depressional wetlands of the PPR, in addition to the open systems that the model was originally designed to simulate. The ILM partnership has matured to the stage where effects of conservation programs and practices on multiple ecosystem services can now be simulated in selected areas. Future work might include the continued development of modeling capabilities, as well as development and evaluation of differing conservation program and practice scenarios of interest to partner agencies including the USDA’s Farm Service Agency (FSA) and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). When combined, the ecosystem services modeling capabilities of InVEST and the process-based abilities of the APEX model should provide complementary information needed to meet USDA and the Department of the Interior information needs.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20161006","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service and Farm Service Agency","usgsCitation":"Mushet, D.M., and Scherff, E.J., 2016, The integrated landscape modeling partnership—Current status and future directions (ver. 1.1, December 2016): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1006, 59 p., https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161006.","productDescription":"72 p.","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-070297","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314982,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1006/coverthb1.1.jpg"},{"id":332701,"rank":3,"type":{"id":25,"text":"Version History"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1006/version_history.txt"},{"id":314983,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2016/1006/ofr20161006.pdf","text":"Report","size":"10.5 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2016-1006"}],"country":"United States","state":"Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -103.82080078125,\n 48.99463598353408\n ],\n [\n -105.13916015625,\n 48.90805939965008\n ],\n [\n -104.83154296875,\n 48.44377831058805\n ],\n [\n -104.4140625,\n 47.945786463687185\n ],\n [\n -103.18359375,\n 47.87214396888731\n ],\n [\n -102.39257812499999,\n 47.502358951968596\n ],\n [\n -101.29394531249999,\n 47.010225655683485\n ],\n [\n -101.0302734375,\n 46.66451741754235\n ],\n [\n -100.96435546875,\n 45.87471224890479\n ],\n [\n -100.70068359374999,\n 45.27488643704894\n ],\n [\n -100.8544921875,\n 44.4808302785626\n ],\n [\n -100.30517578125,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -98.89892578125,\n 43.03677585761058\n ],\n [\n -97.22900390625,\n 42.84375132629021\n ],\n [\n -95.07568359375,\n 42.04929263868686\n ],\n [\n -93.955078125,\n 41.590796851056005\n ],\n [\n -93.05419921875,\n 41.57436130598913\n ],\n [\n -92.4169921875,\n 41.77131167976407\n ],\n [\n -92.35107421874999,\n 42.391008609205045\n ],\n [\n -92.74658203125,\n 43.34116005412307\n ],\n [\n -93.31787109374999,\n 43.929549935614595\n ],\n [\n -93.88916015625,\n 44.2294565683017\n ],\n [\n -94.68017578125,\n 45.413876460821086\n ],\n [\n -94.9658203125,\n 46.84516443029279\n ],\n [\n -96.6357421875,\n 48.472921272487824\n ],\n [\n -98.0859375,\n 48.951366470947725\n ],\n [\n -103.82080078125,\n 48.99463598353408\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","edition":"Version 1.0: Originally posted January 28, 2016; Version 1.1: December 30, 2016","contact":"Director, USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
8711 37th Street Southeast
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As popularity of positional acoustic telemetry systems increases, so does the need to better understand how they perform in real-world applications, where variation in performance can bias study conclusions. Studies assessing variability in positional telemetry system performance have focused primarily on position accuracy, or comparing performance inside and outside the array. Here, we explored spatial and temporal variation in positioning probability within a 140-receiver Vemco Positioning System (VPS) array used to monitor lake trout,Salvelinus namaycush, spawning behavior over 23 km2 in Lake Huron, North America.
\nVariability in VPS positioning probability was assessed between August and November from 2012 to 2014 using 43 stationary transmitters distributed throughout the array. Various analyses were used to relate positioning probability to number of fish transmitters in the array, wave height, and thermal stratification. We also assessed the prevalence of ‘close proximity detection interference’ (CPDI) in our array by analyzing detection probability of 35 transmitters on collocated receivers.
\nPositioning probability of the VPS array varied greatly over time and space. Number of fish transmitters present in the array was a significant driver of reduced positioning probability, especially during lake trout spawning period when the fish were aggregated. Relationships between positioning probability and environmental variables were complex and varied over small spatial and temporal scales. One possible confounding variable was the large range of water depth over which receivers were deployed. Another confounding factor was the high prevalence of CPDI, which decreased exponentially with water depth and was less evident when wave heights were higher than normal.
\nSome variables that negatively influenced positioning can be minimized through careful planning (e.g., number of tagged fish released, transmitter power level). However, results suggested that the acoustic environment was highly variable over small spatial and temporal scales in response to complex interactions between many variables. Therefore, models that predict positioning or detection efficiencies as a function of environmental variables may not be attainable in most systems. The best defense against biased study conclusions is incorporation of in situ measures of system performance that allow for retrospective analysis of array performance after a study is completed.
\nSustaining natural levels of base flow is critical to maintaining ecological function as stream catchments are urbanized. Research shows a variable response of stream base flow to urbanization, with base flow or water tables rising in some locations, falling in others, or elsewhere remaining constant. The variable baseflow response is due to the array of natural (e.g., physiographic setting and climate) and anthropogenic (e.g., urban development and infrastructure) factors that influence hydrology. Perhaps as a consequence of this complexity, few simple tools exist to assist managers to predict baseflow change in their local urban area. This paper addresses this management need by presenting a decision support tool. The tool considers the natural vulnerability of the landscape, together with aspects of urban development in predicting the likelihood and direction of baseflow change. Where the tool identifies a likely increase or decrease it guides managers toward strategies that can reduce or increase groundwater recharge, respectively. Where the tool finds an equivocal result, it suggests a detailed water balance be performed. The decision support tool is embedded within an adaptive-management framework that encourages managers to define their ecological objectives, assess the vulnerability of their ecological objectives to changes in water table height, and monitor baseflow responses to urbanization. We trial our framework using two very different case studies: Perth, Western Australia, and Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Together, these studies show how pre-development water table height, climate and geology together with aspects of urban infrastructure (e.g., stormwater practices, leaky pipes) interact such that urbanization has overall led to rising base flow (Perth) and falling base flow (Baltimore). Greater consideration of subsurface components of the water cycle will help to protect and restore the ecology of urban freshwaters.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/685084","usgsCitation":"Bhaskar, A., Beesley, L., Burns, M.J., Fletcher, T.D., Hamel, P., Oldham, C., and Roy, A.H., 2016, Will it rise or will it fall? Managing the complex effects of urbanization on base flow: Freshwater Science, v. 35, no. 1, p. 293-310, https://doi.org/10.1086/685084.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"293","endPage":"310","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","ipdsId":"IP-064036","costCenters":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488407,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/685084","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":314947,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia, United States","state":"Maryland, Western Australia","city":"Baltimore, Perth","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.79855346679688,\n 39.12153746241925\n ],\n [\n -76.79855346679688,\n 39.41073305508498\n ],\n [\n -76.41403198242188,\n 39.41073305508498\n ],\n [\n -76.41403198242188,\n 39.12153746241925\n ],\n [\n -76.79855346679688,\n 39.12153746241925\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 114.9609375,\n -32.43561304116276\n ],\n [\n 114.9609375,\n -30.939924331023445\n ],\n [\n 116.993408203125,\n -30.939924331023445\n ],\n [\n 116.993408203125,\n -32.43561304116276\n ],\n [\n 114.9609375,\n -32.43561304116276\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"35","issue":"1","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56ab3bb3e4b07ca61bfe3bf8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bhaskar, Aditi abhaskar@usgs.gov","contributorId":146249,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bhaskar","given":"Aditi","email":"abhaskar@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beesley, Leah","contributorId":146250,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Beesley","given":"Leah","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16644,"text":"Centre of Excellence in Natural Resource Management, University of Western Australia,","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burns, Matthew J.","contributorId":146251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burns","given":"Matthew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":16645,"text":"Waterway Ecosystem Research Group, School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566739,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fletcher, T. D.","contributorId":146252,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Fletcher","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":16646,"text":"Waterway Ecosystem Research Group, School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Burnley 3121, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hamel, Perrine","contributorId":146253,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hamel","given":"Perrine","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16647,"text":"Natural Capital Project, Stanford University, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Oldham, Carolyn","contributorId":146254,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oldham","given":"Carolyn","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":16648,"text":"School of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Cooperative Research Centre for Water Sensitive Cities, Clayton 3800, Australia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":566742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Roy, Allison H. 0000-0002-8080-2729 aroy@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-2729","contributorId":4240,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roy","given":"Allison","email":"aroy@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":566743,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}