The complex interplay between source-terrain uplift, basin subsidence, paleoclimatic shifts, and sea-level change, left an extensive sedimentary record in the contiguous offshore basins of the U.S. middle Atlantic margin (Salisbury Embayment, Baltimore Canyon Trough, and Hatteras Basin). Isopach maps of 23 postrift (Lower Jurassic to Quaternary) a allostratigraphic units, coupled with a revised stratigraphic framework, reveal that tectonism, by regulating sediment supply (accumulation rate), dominated the interplay of forcing mechanisms. Tectonic pulses are evidenced by abruptly accelerated sediment accumulation, marked latitudinal shifts in the location of depocenters, and regional changes in lithofacies. Relatively rapid tectonic subsidence during the Early and Middle Jurassic history of the basins may have enhanced sediment accumulation rates. Beginning in the Late Jurassic, however, subsidence rates decreased significantly, though occasional short pulses of subsidence may have effected relative sea-level rises. Sea-level change heavily influenced the distribution and redistribution of sediments one they reached the basins, and paleoclimate regulated the relative abundance of carbonates and evaporites in the basins.
We conclude that source terrains of the central Appalachian Highlands were tectonically uplifted, intensely weathered, and rapidly eroded three times since the Late Triassic: (1) Early to Middle Jurassic (Aalenian to Callovian); (2) mid-Early Cretaceous (Barremian); and (3) Late Cenozoic (Middle Miocene). Intervals of tectonic quiescence following these three tectonic pulses provided conditions suitable for the formation of regional erosion surfaces, geomorphic features commonly reported to characterize the central Appalachian Highlands. This series of three, irregularly spaced, tectonic/quiescent cycles does not, however, match the traditional four-cycle concept of post-Triassic Appalachian “peneplanation”.
No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr89430","usgsCitation":"Koteff, C., Gephart, G.D., and Schafer, J.P., 1989, Surficial geologic map of the Hampton 7.5-minute quadrangle (east half of the Exeter 7.5 x 15 minute quadrangle), New Hampshire-Massachusetts: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 89-430, 1 Plate: 26.85 × 28.03 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr89430.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 26.85 × 28.03 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":162792,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/usgs_thumb.jpg"},{"id":81497,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1989/0430/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":398165,"rank":2,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17684.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"scale":"24000","country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts, New Hampshire","otherGeospatial":"Exeter 7.5 x 15 minute quadrangle, Hampton 7.5 minute quadrangle","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.875,\n 42.875\n ],\n [\n -70.75,\n 42.875\n ],\n [\n -70.75,\n 43 \n ],\n [\n -70.875,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -70.875,\n 42.875\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db68907e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Koteff, Carl","contributorId":73172,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Koteff","given":"Carl","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gephart, Gregory David","contributorId":79350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gephart","given":"Gregory","email":"","middleInitial":"David","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":871928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Schafer, John Phillip","contributorId":52625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schafer","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"Phillip","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":229171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1003554,"text":"1003554 - 1989 - A macrophyte submodel for aquatic ecosystems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-28T17:51:47.537351","indexId":"1003554","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":861,"text":"Aquatic Botany","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A macrophyte submodel for aquatic ecosystems","docAbstract":"A macrophyte submodel has been incorporated and tested in CE-QUAL-R1, a one-dimensional, vertically averaged model of reservoir water quality. A quasi two-dimensional scheme was necessary to represent the spatial relationship of macrophytes in reservoirs adequately. The macrophyte processes modeled were photosynthesis, dark respiration, excretion and nonpredatory mortality. Process equations for photosynthesis as a function of light and temperature, and dark respiration as a function of temperature were tested using data from laboratory studies. The submodel was field tested, along with other components of CE-QUAL-R1, using data collected at Eau Galle Reservoir, WI, U.S.A.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0304-3770(89)90037-5","usgsCitation":"Collins, C.D., and Wlosinski, J.H., 1989, A macrophyte submodel for aquatic ecosystems: Aquatic Botany, v. 33, no. 3-4, p. 191-206, https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(89)90037-5.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"191","endPage":"206","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131379,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wisconsin","otherGeospatial":"Eau Galle Reservoir","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.25092258188174,\n 44.86636499940943\n ],\n [\n -92.25092258188174,\n 44.85564026067513\n ],\n [\n -92.23459609225418,\n 44.85564026067513\n ],\n [\n -92.23459609225418,\n 44.86636499940943\n ],\n [\n -92.25092258188174,\n 44.86636499940943\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6ae222","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collins, Carol Desormeau","contributorId":95020,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collins","given":"Carol","email":"","middleInitial":"Desormeau","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313523,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wlosinski, Joseph H.","contributorId":75488,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wlosinski","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313522,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015854,"text":"70015854 - 1989 - Upper Jurassic mafic magmatic rocks of the eastern Klamath Mountains, northern California: remnant of a volcanic arc built on young continental crust","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-24T01:39:07.59262","indexId":"70015854","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upper Jurassic mafic magmatic rocks of the eastern Klamath Mountains, northern California: remnant of a volcanic arc built on young continental crust","docAbstract":"Diabasic and gabbroic dikes intruding the lower Paleozoic Trinity Ophiolite in the Lovers Leap section, Klamath Mountains, California, display strong calc-alkalic petrological and geochemical features (occurrence of primary amphiboles, zoned plagioclase phenocrysts and biotite, low TiO2, high incompatible trace-element contents, and light rare earth element enrichment). These dikes, of Late Jurassic age (149 ±6 Ma by K-Ar), are petrographically and geochemically similar to the contemporaneous calc-alkalic ultramafic-mafic magmatism well developed through the Klamath Mountains. They present negative Nb, Zr, and Ti anomalies typical of subduction-related magmatism and probably belong to a volcanic arc on an active continental margin. Their ϵSr (between -9.7 and -12.5) and ϵNd (between 5.6 and 6.3) values compare with some western U.S. Mesozoic granites. The Nd isotopic values, lower than those of mid-oceanic ridge basalts and intra-oceanic island arcs, suggest that these dikes, deriving from a depleted mantle source, have been slightly contaminated by continental material, probably subducted sediments. Values of ϵNd suggest, moreover, that no old continental crust underlies the Klamath Mountains.
The May 7, 1986, Andreanof Islands earthquake (Mw 8.0) is the largest event to have occurred in that section of the Aleutian arc since the March 9, 1957, Aleutian Islands earthquake (Mw 8.6). Teleseismically well-recorded earthquakes in the region of the 1986 earthquake are relocated with a plate model and with careful attention to the focal depths. The data set is nearly complete for mb≥4.7 between longitudes 172°W and 179°W for the period 1964 through April 1987 and provides a detailed description of the space-time history of moderate-size earthquakes in the region for that period. Additional insight is provided by source parameters which have been systematically determined for Mw≥5 earthquakes that occurred in the region since 1977 and by a modeling study of the spatial distribution of moment release on the mainshock fault plane. A technically significant component of oblique convergence in the central Aleutian arc results in its breakup into clockwiserotating and westward translating blocks. The western part of the Andreanof block is distinct from and stronger than flanking regions. The greater strength of this block segment and strong coupling along the main thrust zone result in the accumulation of high levels of shear stress, which give rise to great earthquakes near its eastern boundary. The occurrence of the 1986 rupture only 29 years after the 1957 earthquake may indicate that in the central Aleutians M 7+ earthquakes ordinarily do represent the predominant mode of strain release. Segmentation of the main thrust zone into upper and lower planes is supported by spatial and temporal patterns of seismicity and by focal mechanism data. This and other lines of evidence indicate a downdip increase in fault strength and possibly in heterogeneity within the main thrust zone in subduction zone environments. Aftershocks of the 1986 earthquake were bounded to the west by the Andreanof block boundary (Adak Canyon) and to the east by an aseismic segment of the main thrust zone near the subducted extension of the Amlia fracture zone. The aftershock distribution was bounded to the south by a forearc shear zone and to the north by the base of the main thrust zone in the Hawley Ridge segment and by the downdip edge of the upper plane of the main thrust zone in the eastern segment. Aftershocks which occurred near the volcanic line at shallow crustal depths in the upper plate were triggered by the mainshock and manifest a partial decoupling of oblique slip in this region along a west-striking right-lateral fault with low shear strength. Aftershock clustering along the main thrust zone was very similar to the distribution of prior seismicity, suggesting a continuation of long-term processes and the existence of areas with distinct mechanical properties. Interconnecting regions of low seismicity during both the premainshock and aftershock periods coincided with areas of major moment release during the mainshock. Seismicity data prior to the 1986 mainshock gave few clues about the location of the mainshock nucleation point, the mainshock size, and its time of occurrence. However, a large part of the mainshock moment release did coincide with a zone of seismic quiescence monitored by the Adak local seismograph network.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB11p15481","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Engdahl, E., Billington, S., and Kisslinger, C., 1989, Teleseismically recorded seismicity before and after the May 7, 1986, Andreanof Islands, Alaska, earthquake: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B11, p. 15481-15498, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB11p15481.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"15481","endPage":"15498","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224365,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba4a5e4b08c986b3204b0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Engdahl, E.R.","contributorId":22906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Engdahl","given":"E.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Billington, S.","contributorId":75925,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Billington","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370737,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kisslinger, C.","contributorId":40859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kisslinger","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015476,"text":"70015476 - 1989 - Petrology and age of alkalic lava from the Ratak Chain of the Marshall Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T21:48:32.441099","indexId":"70015476","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Petrology and age of alkalic lava from the Ratak Chain of the Marshall Islands","docAbstract":"Volcanic rock dredged from the flanks of four volcanic edifices in the Ratak chain of the Marshall Islands consist of alkalic lava that erupted above sea level or in shallow water. Compositions of recovered samples are predominantly differentiated alkalic basalt and hawaiite but include strongly alkalic melilitite. Whole rock 40Ar/39Ar total fusion and incremental heating ages of 87.3±0.6 Ma and 82.2±1.6 Ma determined for samples from Erikub Seamount and Ratak Guyot, respectively, are within the range predicted by plate rotation models but show no age progression consistent with a simple hot spot model. Whole rock major element, and mineral chemistry are similar to those of alkalic lavas from other oceanic islands, but isotopic and certain trace element ratios reveal distinctive mantle source characteristics. Zr/Nb ratios of ∼3.0±0.2 for Bikar and Ratak Guyot, compared to 5.2±0.3 for Majuro Atoll and Erikub Seamount, at comparable degree of differentiation, suggest a more alkalic trend for the northern sites. The 143Nd/144Nd isotopic ratios range from 0.51283 to 0.51289 and 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 208Pb/204Pb ratios range from 20.55 to 21.11, 15.71 to 15.77, and 39.93 to 40.75, for samples from Erikub and Ratak. Variations in isotopic and some incompatible element ratios suggest interisland heterogeneity. Similar highly radiogenic lead isotopes, coupled with distinct incompatible element ratios, especially with low Ba/Nb ratios (∼6), are observed for St. Helena in the South Atlantic and for Tubuai and Mangaia in the South Pacific. The similar mantle signature shown by lavas from Tubuai and Mangaia in the Austral-Cook chain, which are located at approximately the position where the Ratak edifices formed during the Late Cretaceous, indicates that this mantle anomaly is not of recent origin but has erupted distinctive lava compositions for at least 87 m.y.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB094iB05p05757","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Davis, A.S., Pringle, M.S., Pickthorn, L., Clague, D., and Schwab, W.C., 1989, Petrology and age of alkalic lava from the Ratak Chain of the Marshall Islands: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 94, no. B5, p. 5757-5774, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB094iB05p05757.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"5757","endPage":"5774","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223822,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"B5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7817e4b0c8380cd78627","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, A. S.","contributorId":41424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pringle, M. S.","contributorId":107712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pringle","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371044,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Pickthorn, L.-B.G.","contributorId":83276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pickthorn","given":"L.-B.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371043,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Clague, D.A.","contributorId":36129,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Clague","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Schwab, W. C.","contributorId":78740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371042,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":1003212,"text":"1003212 - 1989 - Organochlorine contaminants in white-faced ibis eggs in southern Texas","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-05-13T16:47:25.24714","indexId":"1003212","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organochlorine contaminants in white-faced ibis eggs in southern Texas","docAbstract":"White-faced Ibis (Plegadis chihi) eggs collected from two colonies in southern Texas in 1985 had low mean concentrations of DDE (0.14-0.27 ppm wet weight). DDD, the only other organochlorine contaminant detected, was found in only 1 of 20 eggs. DDE concentrations in eggs were not significantly correlated with eggshell thickness. Mean DDE concentrations were significantly higher in eggs collected from nests where not all of the remaining eggs hatched (1.0 ppm) than in eggs collected from nests where all the remaining eggs hatched (0.15 ppm).
","largerWorkTitle":"","language":"English","publisher":"Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521325","usgsCitation":"Custer, T., and Mitchell, C.A., 1989, Organochlorine contaminants in white-faced ibis eggs in southern Texas: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 12, no. 1, p. 126-129, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521325.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"126","endPage":"129","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133872,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Texas","city":"Arroyo City, Port Mansfield","otherGeospatial":"Lower Laguna Madre","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.42984771728516,\n 26.5321761726167\n ],\n [\n -97.39688873291016,\n 26.5321761726167\n ],\n [\n -97.39688873291016,\n 26.575478297254726\n ],\n [\n -97.42984771728516,\n 26.575478297254726\n ],\n [\n -97.42984771728516,\n 26.5321761726167\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -97.4325942993164,\n 26.277716056691347\n ],\n [\n -97.30316162109375,\n 26.277716056691347\n ],\n [\n -97.30316162109375,\n 26.430613192903458\n ],\n [\n -97.4325942993164,\n 26.430613192903458\n ],\n [\n -97.4325942993164,\n 26.277716056691347\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db62a043","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Custer, T. W. 0000-0003-3170-6519","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3170-6519","contributorId":91802,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Custer","given":"T. W.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":312966,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mitchell, C. A.","contributorId":54543,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mitchell","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312965,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":96344,"text":"96344 - 1989 - An evaluation of the suitability of riparian woodlands at the Fallbrook Annex Naval Weapons Station, Seal Beach, as breeding habitat for the least Bell's vireo. Prepared for the Department of the Navy, Western Division","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:03:54","indexId":"96344","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":9,"text":"Other Report"},"title":"An evaluation of the suitability of riparian woodlands at the Fallbrook Annex Naval Weapons Station, Seal Beach, as breeding habitat for the least Bell's vireo. Prepared for the Department of the Navy, Western Division","docAbstract":"No abstract available at this time","language":"English","usgsCitation":"Kus, B., 1989, An evaluation of the suitability of riparian woodlands at the Fallbrook Annex Naval Weapons Station, Seal Beach, as breeding habitat for the least Bell's vireo. Prepared for the Department of the Navy, Western Division, 35 p.","productDescription":"35 p.","startPage":"35","numberOfPages":"35","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":127372,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad8e4b07f02db68485e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kus, B.E.","contributorId":99492,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kus","given":"B.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":299478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015459,"text":"70015459 - 1989 - Organic markers as source discriminants and sediment transport indicators in south San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T10:36:25","indexId":"70015459","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic markers as source discriminants and sediment transport indicators in south San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"Sediment samples from nearshore sites in south San Francisco Bay and from streams flowing into that section of the Bay have been characterized in terms of their content of biogenic and anthropogenic molecular marker compounds. The distributions, input sources, and applicability of these compounds in determining sediment movement are discussed. By means of inspection and multivariate analysis, the compounds were grouped according to probable input sources and the sampling stations according to the relative importance of source contributions. A suite of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) dominated by pyrene, fluoranthene and phenanthrene, typical of estuarine environments worldwide, and suites of mature sterane and hopane biomarkers were found to be most suitable as background markers for the Bay. A homologous series of long-chain n-aldehydes (C12-C32) with a strong even-over-odd carbon number dominance in the higher molecular weight range and the ubiquitous n-alkanes (n-C24-C34) with a strong odd-over-even carbon number dominance were utilized as terrigenous markers. Several ratios of these terrigenous and Bay markers were calculated for each station. These ratios and the statistical indicators from the multivariate analysis point toward a strong terrigenous signal in the terminus of South Bay and indicate net directional movement of recently introduced sediment where nontidal currents had been considered to be minimal or nonexistent and tidal currents had been assumed to be dominant.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(89)90238-X","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Hostettler, F., Rapp, J.B., Kvenvolden, K., and Samuel, N.L., 1989, Organic markers as source discriminants and sediment transport indicators in south San Francisco Bay, California: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 53, no. 7, p. 1563-1576, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(89)90238-X.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1563","endPage":"1576","numberOfPages":"14","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224421,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California ","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -123.057861328125,\n 37.3002752813443\n ],\n [\n -121.640625,\n 37.3002752813443\n ],\n [\n -121.640625,\n 38.285624966683756\n ],\n [\n -123.057861328125,\n 38.285624966683756\n ],\n [\n -123.057861328125,\n 37.3002752813443\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"53","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6fc4e4b0c8380cd75c62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hostettler, F. 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B.","contributorId":28987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rapp","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370996,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kvenvolden, K.A.","contributorId":80674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370997,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Samuel, N L.","contributorId":107436,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Samuel","given":"N","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370999,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70015379,"text":"70015379 - 1989 - Local scour at bridge abutments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:57","indexId":"70015379","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Local scour at bridge abutments","docAbstract":"Comparison of local scour depths at bridge abutments computed using different equations yields a large variation in predicted values. To consolidate the fragmented results of previous investigations and assemble the most comprehensive data set possible, reported laboratory measurements of local scour at the end of an obstruction protruding from the side of an open channel of rectangular cross section were compiled from several sources. Regression analysis of these data was used to develop an equation that predicts maximum relative depth of local scour at bridge abutments for both clear-water and live-bed scour conditions.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872627195","usgsCitation":"Froehlich, D.C., 1989, Local scour at bridge abutments, Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA, 14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989, p. 13-18.","startPage":"13","endPage":"18","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223817,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a48e3e4b0c8380cd681d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Froehlich, David C.","contributorId":58617,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Froehlich","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370796,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015424,"text":"70015424 - 1989 - Temporal and spatial patterns of phytoplankton production in Tomales Bay, California, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-05T18:09:35.172787","indexId":"70015424","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Temporal and spatial patterns of phytoplankton production in Tomales Bay, California, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"Primary productivity in the water column was measured 14 times between April 1985 and April 1986 at three sites in Tomales Bay, California, USA The conditions at these three stations encompassed the range of hydrographic conditions, phytoplankton biomass, phytoplankton community composition, and turbidity typical of this coastal embayment. Linear regression of the measured daily carbon uptake against the composite parameter B Zp Io (where B is the average phytoplankton biomass in the photic zone; Zp is the photic depth; and Io is the daily surface insolation) indicates that 90% of the variability in primary productivity is explained by variations in phytoplankton biomass and light availability. The linear function derived using Tomales Bay data is essentially the same as that which explains more than 80% of the variation in productivity in four other estuarine systems. Using the linear function and measured values for B, Zp, and Io, the daily photic-zone productivity was estimated for 10 sites at monthly intervals over the annual period. The average daily photic-zone productivity for the 10 sites ranged from 0·2 to 2·2 g C m−2. The bay-wide average annual primary productivity in the water column was 400 g C m−2, with most of the uptake occuring in spring and early summer. Spatial and temporal variations in primary productivity were similar to variations in phytoplankton biomass. Productivity was highest in the seaward and central regions of the bay and lowest in the shallow landward region.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0272-7714(89)90045-0","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Cole, B., 1989, Temporal and spatial patterns of phytoplankton production in Tomales Bay, California, U.S.A.: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 28, no. 1, p. 103-115, https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7714(89)90045-0.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"115","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223766,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Tomales Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.81795834500238,\n 38.064691049842935\n ],\n [\n -122.8186964817126,\n 38.07398879812351\n ],\n [\n -122.82386343868507,\n 38.07960561502537\n ],\n [\n -122.82238716526439,\n 38.091806178957114\n 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pseudotachylite","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-24T12:07:16.167332","indexId":"70015426","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Early Proterozoic activity on Archean faults in the western Superior province - evidence from pseudotachylite","docAbstract":"Late Archean granitic plutons (∼2700 to 2665 Ma; U-Pb zircon) of the Superior structural province are cut by a variety of brittle discontinuities, including joints, fractures, and faults, the latter of which show evidence of cataclasis and meter to tens of meters displacements. Fluid circulation, alteration of wall rocks, and neomineralization of epidote, actinolite, and chlorite occurred under greenschist facies conditions in these structures at the time of their formation. The Rb-Sr ages of host rocks are ∼2650 Ma, and the fracture-zone materials are 2300 Ma, indicating that most of this activity occurred long after Archean plutonism and was concentrated in Early Proterozoic time. The brittle structures formed in response to horizontal compression on a regional scale, possibly caused by tectonic processes at margins of the craton. The structures are seen as important clues to the tectonic evolution of the Superior province.
Thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TI-MS) has long been the method of choice for Pb-isotope determinations. More recently, however, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been used to determine Pb-isotope ratios for mineral exploration. The ICP-MS technique, although not as precise as TI-MS, may promote a wider application of Ph-isotope ratio methods because it allows individual isotopes to be determined more rapidly, generally without need for chemical separation (e.g., Smith et al., 1984; Hinners et al., 1987). To demonstrate the utility of the ICP-MS method, we have conducted a series of Pb-isotope measurements on several suites of samples using both TI-MS and ICP-MS.
One year's measurements of surficial sedimentation rates (1986-1987) for 26 Maine marsh sites were made over marker horizons of brick dust. Observed sediment accumulation rates, from 0 to 13 mm yr-1, were compared with marsh morphology, local relative sea-level rise rate, mean tidal range, and ice rafting activity. Marshes with four different morphologies (back-barrier, fluvial, bluff-toe, and transitional) showed distinctly different sediment accumulation rates. In general, back-barrier marshes had the highest accumulation rates and blufftoe marshes had the lowest rates, with intermediate values for transitional and fluvial marshes. No causal relationship between modern marsh sediment accumulation rate and relative sea-level rise rate (from tide gauge records) was observed. Marsh accretionary balance (sediment accumulation rate minus relative sea-level rise rate) did not correlate with mean tidal range for this meso- to macro-tidal area. Estimates of ice-rafted debris on marsh sites ranged from 0% to >100% of measured surficial sedimentation rates, indicating that ice transport of sediment may make a significant contribution to surficial sedimentation on Maine salt marshes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.2307/1351903","issn":"15592723","usgsCitation":"Wood, M., Kelley, J.T., and Belknap, D.F., 1989, Patterns of sediment accumulation in the tidal marshes of Maine: Estuaries, v. 12, no. 4, p. 237-246, https://doi.org/10.2307/1351903.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"246","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223818,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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\"}}]}","volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a75e9e4b0c8380cd77dfd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, M.E.","contributorId":104227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wood","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kelley, J. T.","contributorId":34197,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kelley","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370912,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belknap, D. F.","contributorId":96739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belknap","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370913,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70015419,"text":"70015419 - 1989 - Sliding behavior and deformation textures of heated illite gouge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-10T11:19:41.183738","indexId":"70015419","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2468,"text":"Journal of Structural Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sliding behavior and deformation textures of heated illite gouge","docAbstract":"The run products of a series of triaxial friction experiments on an illite-rich gouge have been examined petrographically to study the relationship between textural development and sliding mode. The samples show a complete range of textures, from ones in which the entire gouge layer is deformed to ones in which the deformation is concentrated along narrow subsidiary shears and the rest of the gouge layer is massive. The samples with a pervasively developed deformation fabric slide stably, whereas the samples containing shear bands show stick-slip motion if the intersection angles between boundary-parallel and cross-cutting (Riedel) shears are also relatively high. These textural differences suggest that localization of shear combined with higher-angle Riedel shears are somehow involved in stick-slip motion. The orientation of Riedel-type shears in natural fault zones may also have potential as a paleoseismological tool.
During periods of sediment resuspension, desorption of ammonium from sediment solids can be the major pathway for enriching the water column with the ammonium that is produced by bacterial degradation of organic matter in the bottom material. This hyopthesis is based on a three-year study of diffusive flux in the transition zone of the Potomac River at a site 35 m from the Virginia shore where the average water-column depth is approximately 1 m over sandy sediment.
A diffusion-controlled sampler was used to collect water samples at the interface between the water column and sediment and at several tens of centimeters into the sediment. Interstitial water concentration gradients showed that diffusive flux of ammonium from the sandy shallow-water sediments was approximately 1% of the diffusive flux of ammonium from the silty channel sediments in the same zone of the Potomac River.
Organic nitrogen and bound or adsorbed ammonium were the predominant nitrogen forms in the sediment. Adsorbed ammonium concentrations ranged from nondetectable to 3·7 μmol g−1 of sediment. Concentrations of adsorbed ammonium per gram of sediment were one to three orders of magnitude more than interstitial water ammonium concentrations.
Desorption of ammonium from sediment solids appeared to be the controlling factor in the degree of water-column ammonium enrichment. In laboratory experiments that simulated sediment resuspension, 40–80% of the adsorbed ammonium predicted to desorb did so after approximately 30 min of mixing. Based on calculations for 1 m2 to a depth of 4 cm, one resuspenion event lasting minutes could mix more ammonium into the water column from desorption of ammonium from sediment solids than could be delivered to the water column by diffusive flux from shallow-water sediments in 10–1000 days and would be comparable to enrichment by ammonium diffusive flux for 5–50 days from channel sediments in the same river zone.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0272-7714(89)90028-0","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Simon, N., 1989, Nitrogen cycling between sediment and the shallow-water column in the transition zone of the Potomac River and Estuary. II. The role of wind-driven resuspension and adsorbed ammonium: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 28, no. 5, p. 531-547, https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7714(89)90028-0.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"531","endPage":"547","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223880,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Potomac River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -77.02023194914223,\n 38.35984238176678\n ],\n [\n -76.97245257347528,\n 38.365557182987686\n ],\n [\n -76.99026861185914,\n 38.41379751048811\n ],\n [\n -77.02023194914223,\n 38.46517611116633\n ],\n [\n -77.01132392994992,\n 38.492436309451676\n ],\n [\n -77.02428104877454,\n 38.51778537734839\n ],\n [\n -77.14089511819843,\n 38.47975842979767\n ],\n [\n -77.19191377357154,\n 38.430927773770435\n ],\n [\n -77.22187711085384,\n 38.38269887943608\n ],\n [\n -77.24131278909154,\n 38.393489715901154\n ],\n [\n -77.25022080828309,\n 38.41506655819708\n ],\n [\n -77.2445520687977,\n 38.43600262711209\n ],\n [\n -77.25750918762232,\n 38.464542030412844\n ],\n [\n -77.26155828725543,\n 38.487365425224624\n ],\n [\n -77.2445520687977,\n 38.52222054684486\n ],\n [\n -77.20972981195538,\n 38.54629241239056\n ],\n [\n -77.30447874336234,\n 38.57415503527781\n ],\n [\n -77.34173045998388,\n 38.51525087208174\n ],\n [\n -77.38546073601775,\n 38.470248556497694\n ],\n [\n -77.38708037587082,\n 38.437905605153986\n ],\n [\n -77.36845451756007,\n 38.34206011504722\n ],\n [\n -77.25265026806309,\n 38.32046149278494\n ],\n [\n -77.14818349753766,\n 38.33189685939831\n ],\n [\n -77.1174103403284,\n 38.35539722445435\n ],\n [\n -77.07934880377995,\n 38.363019910750694\n ],\n [\n -77.04412163697494,\n 38.38174838959573\n ],\n [\n -77.02023194914223,\n 38.35984238176678\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"28","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a66cde4b0c8380cd72fd0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simon, N.S.","contributorId":103272,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"N.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370922,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015410,"text":"70015410 - 1989 - Moderate-temperature zeolitic alteration in a cooling pyroclastic deposit","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-20T20:47:48","indexId":"70015410","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1213,"text":"Chemical Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Moderate-temperature zeolitic alteration in a cooling pyroclastic deposit","docAbstract":"The locally zeolitized Topopah Spring Member of the Paintbrush Tuff (13 Myr.), Yucca Mountain, Nevada, U.S.A., is part of a thick sequence of zeolitized pyroclastic units. Most of the zeolitized units are nonwelded tuffs that were altered during low-temperature diagenesis, but the distribution and textural setting of zeolite (heulandite-clinoptilolite) and smectite in the densely welded Topopah Spring tuff suggest that these hydrous minerals formed while the tuff was still cooling after pyroclastic emplacement and welding. The hydrous minerals are concentrated within a transition zone between devitrified tuff in the central part of the unit and underlying vitrophyre. Movement of liquid and convected heat along fractures from the devitrified tuff to the ritrophyre caused local devitrification and hydrous mineral crystallization. Oxygen isotope geothermometry of cogenetic quartz confirms the nondiagenetic moderate temperature origin of the hydrous minerals at temperatures of ??? 40-100??C, assuming a meteoric water source. The Topopah Spring tuff is under consideration for emplacement of a high-level nuclear waste repository. The natural rock alteration of the cooling pyroclastic deposit may be a good natural analog for repository-induced hydrothermal alteration. As a result of repository thermal loading, temperatures in the Topopah Spring vitrophyre may rise sufficiently to duplicate the inferred temperatures of natural zeolitic alteration. Heated water moving downward from the repository into the vitrophyre may contribute to new zeolitic alteration. ?? 1989.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Chemical Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0009-2541(89)90100-9","issn":"00092541","usgsCitation":"Levy, S.S., and O’Neil, J.R., 1989, Moderate-temperature zeolitic alteration in a cooling pyroclastic deposit: Chemical Geology, v. 76, no. 3-4, p. 321-326, https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(89)90100-9.","startPage":"321","endPage":"326","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":266086,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(89)90100-9"},{"id":224310,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"76","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c86e4b0c8380cd6fd6e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Levy, S. S.","contributorId":18630,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levy","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370876,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"O’Neil, J. R.","contributorId":69633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015402,"text":"70015402 - 1989 - Water transport in limestone by X-ray CAT scanning","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:54","indexId":"70015402","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Water transport in limestone by X-ray CAT scanning","docAbstract":"The transport of water through the interior of Salem limestone test briquettes can be dynamically monitored by computer aided tomography (commonly called CAT scanning in medical diagnostics). Most significantly, unless evaporation from a particular face of the briquette is accelerated by forced air flow (wind simulation), the distribution of water in the interior of the briquette remains more or less uniform throughout the complete drying cycle. Moreover, simulated solar illumination of the test briquette does not result in the production of significant water gradients in the briquette under steady-state drying conditions.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the Sessions Related to Structural Materials at Structures Congress '89","conferenceDate":"1 May 1989 through 5 May 1989","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872626997","usgsCitation":"Mossoti, V.G., and Castanier, L.M., 1989, Water transport in limestone by X-ray CAT scanning, Proceedings of the Sessions Related to Structural Materials at Structures Congress '89, San Francisco, CA, USA, 1 May 1989 through 5 May 1989, p. 226-235.","startPage":"226","endPage":"235","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224252,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bcc9ae4b08c986b32dc27","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Mossoti, Victor G.","contributorId":42486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mossoti","given":"Victor","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370861,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Castanier, Louis M.","contributorId":21823,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Castanier","given":"Louis","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370860,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70015353,"text":"70015353 - 1989 - Geotechnical, geological, and selected radionuclide retention characteristics of the radioactive waste disposal site near the Farallon Islands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-24T19:03:42","indexId":"70015353","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2670,"text":"Marine Geotechnology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geotechnical, geological, and selected radionuclide retention characteristics of the radioactive waste disposal site near the Farallon Islands","docAbstract":"A geotechnical and geological investigation of the Farallon Islands low-level radioactive waste (LLW) disposal area was conducted to qualitatively assess the host sediments' relative effectiveness as a barrier to radionuclide migration, to estimate the portion of the barrier that is in contact with the waste packages at the three primary disposal sites, and to provide a basic physical description of the sediments. Box cores recovered from within the general disposal area at depths of 500, 1000, and 1500 m were subcored to provide samples (~30 cm in length) for detailed descriptions, textural and mineralogical analyses, and a suite of geotechnical tests (index property, CRS consolidation, and CIU triaxial compression). -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine Geotechnology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor and Francis","doi":"10.1080/10641198909379863","issn":"03608867","usgsCitation":"Booth, J., Winters, W., Poppe, L., Neiheisel, J., and Dyer, R., 1989, Geotechnical, geological, and selected radionuclide retention characteristics of the radioactive waste disposal site near the Farallon Islands: Marine Geotechnology, v. 8, no. 2, p. 111-132, https://doi.org/10.1080/10641198909379863.","startPage":"111","endPage":"132","numberOfPages":"22","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224303,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":268178,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10641198909379863"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a28c8e4b0c8380cd5a3da","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Booth, J.S.","contributorId":13619,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Booth","given":"J.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Winters, W.J.","contributorId":49796,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winters","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Poppe, L.J.","contributorId":72782,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Poppe","given":"L.J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neiheisel, J.","contributorId":101022,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Neiheisel","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dyer, R.S.","contributorId":32684,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dyer","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70015381,"text":"70015381 - 1989 - Mineralogical studies of the nitrate deposits of Chile: VI. Hectorfloresite, Na9(IO3)(SO4)4, a new saline mineral","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:57","indexId":"70015381","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":738,"text":"American Mineralogist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mineralogical studies of the nitrate deposits of Chile: VI. Hectorfloresite, Na9(IO3)(SO4)4, a new saline mineral","docAbstract":"The new mineral hectorfloresite, known to occur in only one locality in the nitrate fields of northern Chile, consists of tiny prismatic crystals, generally less than 1 mm long and 0.2 mm in diameter, in cavities in dense nitrate ore consisting of saline-cemented silt, sand, and small rock fragments. The physical, optical and crystallographic properties of the new mineral are described. -from Authors","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"American Mineralogist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"0003004X","usgsCitation":"Ericksen, G.E., Evans, H.T., Mrose, M., McGee, J.J., Marinenko, J., and Konnert, J., 1989, Mineralogical studies of the nitrate deposits of Chile: VI. Hectorfloresite, Na9(IO3)(SO4)4, a new saline mineral: American Mineralogist, v. 74, no. 9-10, p. 1207-1214.","startPage":"1207","endPage":"1214","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223876,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"74","issue":"9-10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5aa9e4b0c8380cd6f033","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ericksen, G. E.","contributorId":44538,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ericksen","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Evans, H. T. Jr.","contributorId":41859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Evans","given":"H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mrose, M.E.","contributorId":87920,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mrose","given":"M.E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"McGee, J. J.","contributorId":92271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGee","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Marinenko, J.W.","contributorId":75558,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marinenko","given":"J.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370802,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Konnert, J.A.","contributorId":17640,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konnert","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70015360,"text":"70015360 - 1989 - Sidescan sonar examination of deteriorated revetments and bulkheads along Chicago's lake front","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:54","indexId":"70015360","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Sidescan sonar examination of deteriorated revetments and bulkheads along Chicago's lake front","docAbstract":"Lakefill for parks along Chicago's lake front is primarily defended with aged, deteriorated revetments. Survey by 100- and 500-kHz sidescan sonar documents that structural failure of the revetments is not related to lake-bottom undermining. The size and weight of the rock fill in the cribs is identified as a critical factor. Long-term effects of wave surge combined with ice action and gravity can remove rock fill either through breaks in the timber crib wall, or where revetment design offers lakeward exposure of the rock fill. Capstones are displaced when they lose underlying support. Revetments with a lakeward face of steel sheetpile, or toe protection mounded high against the structure, have no significant capstone displacement and are models for improved design. This study supports a rebuilding project that will bury the old revetments with new structures having a lakeward face of either steel sheetpile or a rubble mound.","largerWorkTitle":"Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management","conferenceTitle":"Coastal Zone '89: Proceedings of the Sixth Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management","conferenceDate":"11 July 1989 through 14 July 1989","conferenceLocation":"Charleston, SC, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","usgsCitation":"Chrzastowski, M.J., 1989, Sidescan sonar examination of deteriorated revetments and bulkheads along Chicago's lake front, in Coastal Zone: Proceedings of the Symposium on Coastal and Ocean Management, v. 4, no. pt4, Charleston, SC, USA, 11 July 1989 through 14 July 1989, p. 3931-3944.","startPage":"3931","endPage":"3944","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224366,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","issue":"pt4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8ef5e4b08c986b318c54","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chrzastowski, Michael J.","contributorId":28643,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chrzastowski","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":370738,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70015441,"text":"70015441 - 1989 - Morphology of sea-floor landslides on Horizon Guyot: application of steady-state geotechnical analysis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-13T20:27:53","indexId":"70015441","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1369,"text":"Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Morphology of sea-floor landslides on Horizon Guyot: application of steady-state geotechnical analysis","docAbstract":"Mass movement and erosion have been identified on the pelagic sediment cap of Horizon Guyot, a seamount in the Mid-Pacific Mountains. Trends in the size, shape and preservation of bedforms and sediment textural trends on the pelagic cap indicate that bottom-current-generated sediment transport direction is upslope. Slumping of the sediment cap occurred on and that the net bedload transport direction is upslope. Slumping of the sediment cap occurred on the northwest side of the guyot on a 1.6?? to 2.0?? slope in the zone of enhanced bottom-current activity. Submersible investigations of these slump blocks show them to be discrete and to have a relief of 6-15 m, with nodular chert beds cropping out along the headwall of individual rotated blocks. An evaluation of the stability of the sediment cap suggests that the combination of the current-induced beveling of the sea floor and infrequent earthquake loading accompanied by cyclic strength reduction is responsible for the initiation of slumps. The sediment in the area of slumping moved short distances in relatively coherent masses, whereas sediment that has moved beyond the summit cap perimeter has fully mobilized into sediment gravity flows and traveled large distances. A steady-state geotechnical analysis of Horizon Guyot sediment indicates the predisposition of deeply buried sediment towards disintegrative flow failure on appropriately steep slopes. Thus, slope failure in this deeper zone would include large amounts of internal deformation. However, gravitational stress in the near-surface sediment of the summit cap (sub-bottom depth < 14 m) is insufficient to maintain downslope movement after initial failure occurs. The predicted morphology of coherent slump blocks displaced and rafted upon a weakened zone at depth corresponds well with seismic-reflection data and submersible observations. ?? 1990.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0198-0149(89)90114-3","issn":"01980149","usgsCitation":"Kayen, R.E., Schwab, W.C., Lee, H., Torresan, M., Hein, J., Quinterno, P., and Levin, L., 1989, Morphology of sea-floor landslides on Horizon Guyot: application of steady-state geotechnical analysis: Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers, v. 36, no. 12, p. 1817-1839, https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(89)90114-3.","startPage":"1817","endPage":"1839","numberOfPages":"23","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":269290,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(89)90114-3"},{"id":224038,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5e59e4b0c8380cd7099c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kayen, R. E.","contributorId":14424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kayen","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370936,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwab, W. C.","contributorId":78740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370940,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lee, H.J.","contributorId":96693,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"H.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370942,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Torresan, M.E.","contributorId":22775,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Torresan","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370937,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Hein, J.R. 0000-0002-5321-899X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5321-899X","contributorId":61429,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hein","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Quinterno, P. J.","contributorId":65465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quinterno","given":"P. J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Levin, L.A.","contributorId":81149,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Levin","given":"L.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370941,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ]}