{"pageNumber":"4581","pageRowStart":"114500","pageSize":"25","recordCount":184617,"records":[{"id":70015748,"text":"70015748 - 1989 - Seismic reflection characteristics of glacial and glacimarine sediment in the Gulf of Alaska and adjacent fjords","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-03T11:07:43.672557","indexId":"70015748","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic reflection characteristics of glacial and glacimarine sediment in the Gulf of Alaska and adjacent fjords","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id3\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id4\"><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Glaciation together with tectonism have been dominant factors affecting sedimentation in the Gulf of Alaska area from at least the late Miocene throughout the Quaternary. The effects of tectonism are apparent in high mountains that border the gulf, raised terraces of Middleton Island and the eastern gulf coastal zone, and numerous active faults and related earthquakes. Glacial evidence includes magnificent glaciers and their onshore deposits, spectacular fjords, large sea valleys incised in the continental shelf, submarine morainal ridges at mouths of bays and sea valleys, and thick glacimarine sedimentary sequences (diamicts) that are exposed onshore and at the sea floor along the outer shelf. Seismic-reflection profiling and sampling of the uppermost marine sedimentary sequences in the Gulf of Alaska and adjacent fjords and bays have allowed identification of three discrete glacially related stratigraphic units. These units were delineated on the basis of seismic signature, geometry, physiographic location, stratigraphic position, and sedimentologic characteristics. The oldest unit, a Quaternary diamict, is portrayed on seismic profiles by irregular, discontinuous reflections. This unit probably includes till, outwash and glacimarine sediment. A geographically restricted unit, one incorporating Holocene end moraines at bay mouths and associated with some sea valleys, consists of jumbled masses of discontinuous reflections and very irregular surface morphology. The youngest unit, a blanket of Holocene sand to clayey silt prograding as a sediment wedge across the shelf, contains nearly horizontal, parallel reflections except where disrupted by mass movement. Although seismic-reflection data alone cannot provide definitive proof of the presence of glacial sediment, when combined with sea-floor sampling, seismic profiling is a powerful tool for determining the continuity of marine sedimentary units and relationships to past and modern glaciers.</div></div></div></div></div><div id=\"preview-section-introduction\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(89)90161-8","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Carlson, P., 1989, Seismic reflection characteristics of glacial and glacimarine sediment in the Gulf of Alaska and adjacent fjords: Marine Geology, v. 85, no. 2-4, p. 391-416, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(89)90161-8.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"391","endPage":"416","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224058,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"85","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b3fe4b08c986b3176cb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, P.R.","contributorId":97055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371678,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015686,"text":"70015686 - 1989 - Spatial and temporal variability in South San Francisco Bay (USA). II. Temporal changes in salinity, suspended sediments, and phytoplankton biomass and productivity over tidal time scales","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-05T17:40:19.323209","indexId":"70015686","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1587,"text":"Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial and temporal variability in South San Francisco Bay (USA). II. Temporal changes in salinity, suspended sediments, and phytoplankton biomass and productivity over tidal time scales","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>Short-term variability of a conservative quantity (salinity) and two nonconservative quantities (chlorophyll<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a</i>, suspended particulate matter) was measured across a sampling grid in the South San Francisco Bay estuary. Surface measurements were made every 2 h at each of 29 (or 38) sites, on four different dates representing a range of tidal current regimes over the neap-spring cycle. From the distribution of phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a</i>) and turbidity (SPM), we also estimated daily productivity and its variability at each site over the four tide cycles. As a general rule, both chlorophyll<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and SPM concentrations varied about 50% from their tidal-means. However derived daily productivity varied less (about 15% from the mean) over a tidal cycle. Both chlorophyll<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>and SPM varied periodically with tidal stage (increasing on ebbing currents), suggesting that the short-term variability results simply from the tidal advection of spatial gradients. Calculation of the advective flux (current speed times spatial gradient) was used to test this hypothesis. For surface salinity, most (70–80%) of the observed intratidal variability was correlated with the tidal flux, both in the deep channel and over the lateral shoals. However the short-term variability of SPM concentration was only weakly correlated with the advective flux, indicating that local sources of SPM (resuspension) are important. Hourly changes in chlorophyll<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>were highly correlated with the advective flux in the deep channel (implying that phytoplankton biomass is conservative over short time scales there); however, chlorophyll<span>&nbsp;</span><i>a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>variability was only weakly correlated with the advective flux over the shoals, implying that local sources/sinks are important there. Hence, the magnitude and mechanisms of intratidal variability differ among constituents and among bathymetric regimes in this estuary.</p></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\"></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0272-7714(89)90049-8","issn":"02727714","usgsCitation":"Cloern, J., Powell, T., and Huzzey, L., 1989, Spatial and temporal variability in South San Francisco Bay (USA). II. Temporal changes in salinity, suspended sediments, and phytoplankton biomass and productivity over tidal time scales: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, v. 28, no. 6, p. 599-613, https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7714(89)90049-8.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"599","endPage":"613","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223949,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          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E.","contributorId":59453,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cloern","given":"J. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371526,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, T.M.","contributorId":88090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"T.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371527,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Huzzey, L.M.","contributorId":38287,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Huzzey","given":"L.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371525,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015545,"text":"70015545 - 1989 - Nearshore bars and the break-point hypothesis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-08T16:41:29.199127","indexId":"70015545","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1262,"text":"Coastal Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nearshore bars and the break-point hypothesis","docAbstract":"<p><span>The set of hypotheses calling for bar formation at the break point was tested with field data. During two different experiments, waves were measured across the surf zone coincident with the development of a nearshore bar. We use a criterion, based on the wave height to depth ratio, to determine the offshore limit of the inner surf zone. During the first experiment, the bar became better developed and migrated offshore while remaining well within the inner surf zone. During the second experiment, the surf zone was narrower and we cannot rule out the possibility of break point processes contributing to bar development. We conclude that bars are not necessarily coupled with the break point and can become better developed and migrate offshore while being in the inner surf zone landward from initial wave breaking in the outer surf zone.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0378-3839(89)90009-4","usgsCitation":"Sallenger, A.H., and Howd, P.A., 1989, Nearshore bars and the break-point hypothesis: Coastal Engineering, v. 12, no. 4, p. 301-313, https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-3839(89)90009-4.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"313","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224102,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6410e4b0c8380cd72867","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sallenger, A. H. Jr.","contributorId":8818,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sallenger","given":"A.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371196,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Howd, Peter A. phowd@usgs.gov","contributorId":4105,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howd","given":"Peter","email":"phowd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":371197,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015664,"text":"70015664 - 1989 - An introduction to quiet daily geomagnetic fields","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:57","indexId":"70015664","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3209,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An introduction to quiet daily geomagnetic fields","docAbstract":"On days that are quiet with respect to solar-terrestrial activity phenomena, the geomagnetic field has variations, tens of gamma in size, with major spectral components at about 24, 12, 8, and 6 hr in period. These quiet daily field variations are primarily due to the dynamo currents flowing in the E region of the earth's ionosphere, are driven by the global thermotidal wind systems, and are dependent upon the local tensor conductivity and main geomagnetic field vector. The highlights of the behavior and interpretation of these quiet field changes, from their discovery in 1634 until the present, are discussed as an introduction to the special journal issue on Quiet Daily Geomagnetic Fields. ?? 1989 Birkha??user Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Birkha??user-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00876831","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"Campbell, W., 1989, An introduction to quiet daily geomagnetic fields: Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, v. 131, no. 3, p. 315-331, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00876831.","startPage":"315","endPage":"331","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205470,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00876831"},{"id":224328,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"131","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea8be4b0c8380cd48925","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Campbell, W.H.","contributorId":30749,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Campbell","given":"W.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371478,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015663,"text":"70015663 - 1989 - Analysis of accuracy of approximate, simultaneous, nonlinear confidence intervals on hydraulic heads in analytical and numerical test cases","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T13:06:34","indexId":"70015663","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of accuracy of approximate, simultaneous, nonlinear confidence intervals on hydraulic heads in analytical and numerical test cases","docAbstract":"<p><span>Inaccuracies in parameter values, parameterization, stresses, and boundary conditions of analytical solutions and numerical models of groundwater flow produce errors in simulated hydraulic heads. These errors can be quantified in terms of approximate, simultaneous, nonlinear confidence intervals presented in the literature. Approximate confidence intervals can be applied in both error and sensitivity analysis and can be used prior to calibration or when calibration was accomplished by trial and error. In this paper, the method is expanded for use in numerical problems, and the accuracy of the approximate intervals is evaluated using Monte Carlo runs. Four test cases are used to compare results. In two numerical test cases, the approximate, simultaneous confidence intervals are generally accurate and are calculated efficiently enough to indicate that the method is useful for real-world problems. In one of the two analytical test cases considered, the approximate intervals are too wide to be of practical interest. Improving the method used to approximate the uncertainty of the model inputs could make the confidence intervals useful in more problems.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR025i002p00177","usgsCitation":"Hill, M.C., 1989, Analysis of accuracy of approximate, simultaneous, nonlinear confidence intervals on hydraulic heads in analytical and numerical test cases: Water Resources Research, v. 25, no. 2, p. 177-190, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR025i002p00177.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"190","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224327,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb03e4b0c8380cd48b64","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, M. C.","contributorId":48993,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371477,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015662,"text":"70015662 - 1989 - The hydrologic reponses to development in regional sedimentary aquifers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-19T23:02:43.830399","indexId":"70015662","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The hydrologic reponses to development in regional sedimentary aquifers","docAbstract":"<div class=\"abstract-group \"><div class=\"article-section__content en main\"><p>The hydrologic response to development of three of the most heavily pumped sedimentary aquifer systems in the United States is similar in some aspects and different in others. In the semiarid West, an unconfined sand aquifer and a confined sand and clay aquifer system have been subjected to withdrawals that are far greater than predevelopment recharge rates. As a result, the aquifers have large losses of ground water from storage. In the humid East, pumpage from a carbonate aquifer system has resulted in induced recharge and diversion of natural discharge with insignificant loss from storage. However, the following responses to development are common in all three aquifer systems: (1) ground-water circulation has increased,</p><p>(2) rates of recharge have increased—mostly due to recirculation of pumped ground water, or infiltration of imported surface water used for irrigation in the semiarid West,</p><p>(3) locations of recharge areas have changed, and (4) natural discharge has decreased.</p><p>Regional water-level declines associated with ground- water development are inevitably accompanied by some combination of elastic compaction of aquifer material, inelastic compaction of fine-grained sediments and land subsidence, dewatering of aquifer material near pumping centers, and induced formation of sinkholes. The degree to which these changes occur is dependent on: (1) rates of pumping in relation to available recharge, and (2) lithology, specifically the proportion of sand, gravel, silt, clay, and carbonate rock that comprise the aquifer system.</p></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"National Groundwater Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1989.tb00455.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Johnston, R., 1989, The hydrologic reponses to development in regional sedimentary aquifers: Groundwater, v. 27, no. 3, p. 316-322, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1989.tb00455.x.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"316","endPage":"322","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224326,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"27","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baccae4b08c986b32373a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnston, R.H.","contributorId":19536,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371476,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015377,"text":"70015377 - 1989 - Comparison of methods for estimating flood magnitudes on small streams in Georgia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T14:28:46","indexId":"70015377","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3718,"text":"Water Resources Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-1370","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Comparison of methods for estimating flood magnitudes on small streams in Georgia","docAbstract":"The U.S. Geological Survey has collected flood data for small, natural streams at many sites throughout Georgia during the past 20 years. Flood-frequency relations were developed for these data using four methods: (1) observed (log-Pearson Type III analysis) data, (2) rainfall-runoff model, (3) regional regression equations, and (4) map-model combination. The results of the latter three methods were compared to the analyses of the observed data in order to quantify the differences in the methods and determine if the differences are statistically significant.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water Resources Bulletin","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"American Water Resources Association","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1989.tb05675.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"Hess, G.W., and Price, M., 1989, Comparison of methods for estimating flood magnitudes on small streams in Georgia: Water Resources Bulletin, v. 25, no. 1, p. 149-154, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1989.tb05675.x.","startPage":"149","endPage":"154","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":267751,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1989.tb05675.x"},{"id":223815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f873e4b0c8380cd4d0f8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hess, Glen W.","contributorId":19136,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"Glen","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370791,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Price, McGlone","contributorId":42964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Price","given":"McGlone","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015634,"text":"70015634 - 1989 - A note on the occurrence of allocrioceras billinghursti Klinger, 1976 (Cretaceous Ammonoidea) in the Middle Turonian of the Western Interior of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-09-22T16:56:42.707472","indexId":"70015634","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1344,"text":"Cretaceous Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"A note on the occurrence of <i>allocrioceras billinghursti</i> Klinger, 1976 (Cretaceous Ammonoidea) in the Middle Turonian of the Western Interior of the United States","title":"A note on the occurrence of allocrioceras billinghursti Klinger, 1976 (Cretaceous Ammonoidea) in the Middle Turonian of the Western Interior of the United States","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0195-6671(89)90004-9","usgsCitation":"Cobban, W.A., and Kennedy, W.J., 1989, A note on the occurrence of allocrioceras billinghursti Klinger, 1976 (Cretaceous Ammonoidea) in the Middle Turonian of the Western Interior of the United States: Cretaceous Research, v. 10, no. 2, p. 173-175, https://doi.org/10.1016/0195-6671(89)90004-9.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"173","endPage":"175","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223892,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e4c4e4b0c8380cd468f5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cobban, W. A.","contributorId":21577,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cobban","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kennedy, W. J.","contributorId":81873,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kennedy","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015586,"text":"70015586 - 1989 - Sea-floor drainage features of Cascadia Basin and the adjacent continental slope, northeast Pacific Ocean","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-04T11:11:33.515186","indexId":"70015586","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sea-floor drainage features of Cascadia Basin and the adjacent continental slope, northeast Pacific Ocean","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Sea-floor drainage features of Cascadia Basin and the adjacent continental slope include canyons, primary fan valleys, deep-sea valleys, and remnant valley segments. Long-range sidescan sonographs and associated seismic-reflection profiles indicate that the canyons may originate along a mid-slope escarpment and grow upslope by mass wasting and downslope by valley erosion or aggradation. Most canyons are partly filled with sediment, and Quillayute Canyon is almost completely filled. Under normal growth conditions, the larger canyons connect with primary fan valleys or deep-sea valleys in Cascadia Basin, but development of accretionary ridges blocks or re-routes most canyons, forcing abandonment of the associated valleys in the basin. Astoria Fan has a primary fan valley that connects with Astoria Canyon at the fan apex. The fan valley is bordered by parallel levees on the upper fan but becomes obscure on the lower fan, where a few valley segments appear on the sonographs. Apparently, Nitinat Fan does not presently have a primary fan valley; none of the numerous valleys on the fan connect with a canyon. The Willapa—Cascadia—Vancouver—Juan de Fuca deep-sea valley system bypasses the submarine fans and includes deeply incised valleys to broad shallow swales, as well as within-valley terraces and hanging-valley confluences.</div></div></div></div></div><div id=\"preview-section-introduction\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-3227(89)90064-9","issn":"00253227","usgsCitation":"Hampton, M.A., Karl, H.A., and Kenyon, N.H., 1989, Sea-floor drainage features of Cascadia Basin and the adjacent continental slope, northeast Pacific Ocean: Marine Geology, v. 87, no. 2-4, p. 249-272, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(89)90064-9.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"249","endPage":"272","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223994,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"87","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8804e4b08c986b316788","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hampton, M. A.","contributorId":103271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Karl, Herman A.","contributorId":80649,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"Herman","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371306,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kenyon, Neil H.","contributorId":89535,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kenyon","given":"Neil","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371307,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015584,"text":"70015584 - 1989 - Robustness of disaggregate oil and gas discovery forecasting models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-01T15:27:35","indexId":"70015584","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2682,"text":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Robustness of disaggregate oil and gas discovery forecasting models","docAbstract":"The trend in forecasting oil and gas discoveries has been to develop and use models that allow forecasts of the size distribution of future discoveries. From such forecasts, exploration and development costs can more readily be computed. Two classes of these forecasting models are the Arps-Roberts type models and the 'creaming method' models. This paper examines the robustness of the forecasts made by these models when the historical data on which the models are based have been subject to economic upheavals or when historical discovery data are aggregated from areas having widely differing economic structures. Model performance is examined in the context of forecasting discoveries for offshore Texas State and Federal areas. The analysis shows how the model forecasts are limited by information contained in the historical discovery data. Because the Arps-Roberts type models require more regularity in discovery sequence than the creaming models, prior information had to be introduced into the Arps-Roberts models to accommodate the influence of economic changes. The creaming methods captured the overall decline in discovery size but did not easily allow introduction of exogenous information to compensate for incomplete historical data. Moreover, the predictive log normal distribution associated with the creaming model methods appears to understate the importance of the potential contribution of small fields. ?? 1989.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Marine and Petroleum Geology","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0264-8172(89)90006-8","issn":"02648172","usgsCitation":"Attanasi, E.D., and Schuenemeyer, J., 1989, Robustness of disaggregate oil and gas discovery forecasting models: Marine and Petroleum Geology, v. 6, no. 3, p. 270-276, https://doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(89)90006-8.","startPage":"270","endPage":"276","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":268650,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(89)90006-8"},{"id":223944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"6","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aade0e4b0c8380cd86fb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Attanasi, E. D. 0000-0001-6845-7160","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-7160","contributorId":107672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Attanasi","given":"E.","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371302,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schuenemeyer, J.H.","contributorId":106094,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schuenemeyer","given":"J.H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371301,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015509,"text":"70015509 - 1989 - Re-Os, Rb-Sr, and O isotopic systematics of the Archean Kolar schist belt, Karnataka, India","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-11T16:29:56.541715","indexId":"70015509","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Re-Os, Rb-Sr, and O isotopic systematics of the Archean Kolar schist belt, Karnataka, India","docAbstract":"<p>The Re-Os, Rb-Sr, and O isotopic compositions of mafic and ultramafic amphibolites, gold ores, and granitic gneisses of the circa 2700 Ma Kolar schist belt reveal at least two episodes of post-magmatic alteration that affected these systems. The Re-Os isotopic systematics of many of the rocks of the belt indicate that Os was introduced to the area via fluids that carried very radiogenic Os (<span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msup><mi></mi><mn>187</mn></msup><mtext>Os</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>186</mn></msup><mtext>Os</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>2.4Ga</mn></msub><mtext>&amp;gt; 39</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\"><sup>187</sup>Os<sup>186</sup>Os<sub>2.4Ga</sub>&gt; 39</span></span></span>). The source of the radiogenic Os was likely ancient crust. On an outcrop scale, this alteration is also characterized by relatively minor additions of excess<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>87</sup>Sr and δ<sup>18</sup>O values higher than magmatic. The Rb-Sr systematics of most of these rocks are consistent with closed-system behavior since a period between 2700 and 2400 Ma ago, indicating that the alteration event likely occurred no later than the early Proterozoic.</p><p>In contrast to this late Archean or early Proterozoic alteration, samples of several komatiitic amphibolites have very<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>187</sup>Os-depleted compositions, indicating that open-system behavior also occurred at a much later time. This alteration may have been caused by surficial weathering or the interaction of the rocks with fluids bearing unradiogenic Os.</p><p>Results suggest that the Re-Os system may have only limited utility for geochronologic applications in regions for which post-crystallization noble metal mineralization is evident (e.g., gold ores). In such regions, however, the system may have an important application in assessing the timing and the ultimate sources of noble metal additions.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(89)90176-2","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Walker, R., Shirey, S., Hanson, G.N., Rajamani, V., and Horan, M., 1989, Re-Os, Rb-Sr, and O isotopic systematics of the Archean Kolar schist belt, Karnataka, India: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 53, no. 11, p. 3005-3013, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(89)90176-2.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"3005","endPage":"3013","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":479926,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(89)90176-2","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":224316,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a956ce4b0c8380cd819dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Walker, R.J.","contributorId":105859,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Walker","given":"R.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371110,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shirey, S.B.","contributorId":69712,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shirey","given":"S.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hanson, G. N.","contributorId":81152,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hanson","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371109,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Rajamani, V.","contributorId":71703,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rajamani","given":"V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Horan, M.F.","contributorId":75282,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Horan","given":"M.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70015508,"text":"70015508 - 1989 - Influence of Shimada Seamount on sediment composition in the eastern tropical North Pacific","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-03T16:42:10.116576","indexId":"70015508","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Influence of Shimada Seamount on sediment composition in the eastern tropical North Pacific","docAbstract":"<p><span>Shimada Seamount is a large, young volcanic edifice in the east-central Pacific that is not associated with any active spreading center or known hot spot. The sediments on the abyssal plain surrounding Shimada Seamount consist of pelagic clay with ferromanganese micronodules and zeolites. The pelagic clay is mostly barren of microfossils except for a few occurrences of highly corroded specimens of&nbsp;</span><i>Radiolaria</i><span>&nbsp;and diatoms. Eolian terrigenous material is the dominant component of the pelagic clay to a depth of at least 8 m below sea floor, with minor contributions from volcanic debris and hydrothermal and hydrogenous sources. The average amount of basaltic debris is only 0.25%, but concentrations are as high as 10% in some samples. The average hydrothermal component (metalliferous sediment) is 8.8% with a maximum of about 13% at 7.5 m below sea floor in one core. The hydrogenous component, mostly as ferromanganese micronodules, averages 4.1% with a maximum of 5.6%. There is no calcareous biogenic debris and essentially no siliceous biogenic debris. In the past, a decrease in hydrothermal components through time may have been the result of a decrease in relative importance of hydrothermal influences, or an increase in the flux of terrigenous debris transported by the northeast trade winds. Because volcanic activity is still active on Shimada Seamount, or has been in the recent past, the observed increase in relative abundance of terrigenous components probably was the result of increased wind transport and not decreased hydrothermal activity. Shimada Seamount may be an important local source of metalliferous sediment in the eastern equatorial North Pacific, and may have been an even more important source in the past.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(89)90235-4","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Dean, W., Gardner, J., and Nancy, L.P., 1989, Influence of Shimada Seamount on sediment composition in the eastern tropical North Pacific: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 53, no. 7, p. 1523-1536, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(89)90235-4.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"1523","endPage":"1536","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224315,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3b06e4b0c8380cd6217f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dean, W.E.","contributorId":97099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gardner, J.V.","contributorId":76705,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"J.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371103,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nancy, L P.","contributorId":97255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nancy","given":"L","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015505,"text":"70015505 - 1989 - Implementation of a hydrodynamic model for the upper Potomac Estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:55","indexId":"70015505","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Implementation of a hydrodynamic model for the upper Potomac Estuary","docAbstract":"A vertically integrated, two-dimensional hydrodynamic/transport model has been implemented for the upper extent of the Potomac Estuary between Indian Head and Morgantown, Md. The model computes water-surface elevations, flow velocities, and time-varying constituent concentrations by numerically integrating finite-difference forms of the equations of mass and momentum conservation in conjunction with transport equations for heat, salt, and dissolved constituents. Previous, preliminary calibration efforts have been extended and validity of the model implementation improved. Field-measured and model-computed water levels compare within ?? 2 cm and maximum computed flood and ebb flow discharges are within 3% of measured values. Indications are that further improvements can be effected.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872627195","usgsCitation":"Schaffranek, R.W., and Baltzer, R.A., 1989, Implementation of a hydrodynamic model for the upper Potomac Estuary, Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA, 14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989, p. 484-492.","startPage":"484","endPage":"492","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224260,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a390ce4b0c8380cd617a7","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schaffranek, Raymond W.","contributorId":86314,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffranek","given":"Raymond","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baltzer, Robert A.","contributorId":34269,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baltzer","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015376,"text":"70015376 - 1989 - Overview of Devonian Duperow formation production, Billings anticline, North Dakota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-19T17:29:43","indexId":"70015376","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2941,"text":"Oil & Gas Journal","printIssn":"0030-1388","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Overview of Devonian Duperow formation production, Billings anticline, North Dakota","docAbstract":"Oil exploration on the Billings anticline began in earnest in 1978, which is a north-plunging structure in the north central part of southwestern North Dakota. Forty-two fields are included in the Billings anticline area. This paper discusses the following features of the Billings anticline: structure, lithology, Duperow production, and some conservative economic scenarios.","language":"English","publisher":"PennWell Corporation","publisherLocation":"Tulsa, OK","usgsCitation":"Burke, R.B., 1989, Overview of Devonian Duperow formation production, Billings anticline, North Dakota: Oil & Gas Journal, v. 87, no. 15, p. 80-83.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"80","endPage":"83","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223765,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"North Dakota","volume":"87","issue":"15","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a71e3e4b0c8380cd76801","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Burke, Randolph B.","contributorId":33852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burke","given":"Randolph","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370790,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015455,"text":"70015455 - 1989 - Formation of forearc basins by collision between seamounts and accretionary wedges: An example from the New Hebrides subduction zone","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-24T12:02:43.079232","indexId":"70015455","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Formation of forearc basins by collision between seamounts and accretionary wedges: An example from the New Hebrides subduction zone","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15572298\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Seabeam data reveal two deep subcircular reentrants in the lower are slope of the New Hebrides island arc that may illustrate two stages in the development of a novel type of forearc basin. The Malekula reentrant lies just south of the partly subducted Bougainville seamount. This proximity, as well as the similarity in morphology between the reentrant and an indentation in the lower arc slope off Japan, suggests that the Malekula reentrant formed by the collision of a seamount with the arc. An arcuate fold-thrust belt has formed across the mouth of the reentrant, forming the toe of a new accretionary wedge. The Efate reentrant may show the next stage in basin development. This reentrant lies landward of a lower-slope ridge that may have begun to form as an arcuate fold-thrust belt across the mouth of a reentrant. This belt may have grown by continued accretion at the toe of the wedge, by underplating beneath the reentrant, and by trapping of sediment shed from the island arc. These processes could result in a roughly circular forearc basin. Basins that may have formed by seamount collision lie within the accretionary wedge adjacent to the Aleutian trenches.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0930:FOFBBC>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"Collot, J., and Fisher, M.A., 1989, Formation of forearc basins by collision between seamounts and accretionary wedges: An example from the New Hebrides subduction zone: Geology, v. 17, no. 10, p. 930-933, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0930:FOFBBC>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"930","endPage":"933","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224313,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1350e4b0c8380cd545e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Collot, J.-Y.","contributorId":39130,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Collot","given":"J.-Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370984,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fisher, M. A.","contributorId":69972,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fisher","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370985,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015446,"text":"70015446 - 1989 - Reactive iron transport in an acidic mountain stream in Summit County, Colorado: A hydrologic perspective","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-11T16:21:10.387641","indexId":"70015446","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Reactive iron transport in an acidic mountain stream in Summit County, Colorado: A hydrologic perspective","docAbstract":"<p><span>A pH perturbation experiment was conducted in an acidic, metal-enriched, mountain stream to identify relative rates of chemical and hydrologic processes as they influence iron transport. During the experiment the pH was lowered from 4.2 to 3.2 for three hours by injection of sulfuric acid. Amorphous iron oxides are abundant on the streambed, and dissolution and photoreduction reactions resulted in a rapid increase in the dissolved iron concentration. The increase occurred simultaneously with the decrease in pH. Ferrous iron was the major aqueous iron species. The changes in the iron concentration during the experiment indicate that variation exists in the solubility properties of the hydrous iron oxides on the streambed with dissolution of at least two compartments of hydrous iron oxides contributing to the iron pulse. Spatial variations of the hydrologic properties along the stream were quantified by simulating the transport of a coinjected tracer, lithium. A simulation of iron transport, as a conservative solute, indicated that hydrologie transport had a significant role in determining downstream changes in the iron pulse. The rapidity of the changes in iron concentration indicates that a model based on dynamic equilibrium may be adequate for simulating iron transport in acid streams. A major challenge for predictive solute transport models of geochemical processes may be due to substantial spatial and seasonal variations in chemical properties of the reactive hydrous oxides in such streams, and in the physical and hydrologic properties of the stream.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(89)90346-3","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"McKnight, D.M., and Bencala, K., 1989, Reactive iron transport in an acidic mountain stream in Summit County, Colorado: A hydrologic perspective: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 53, no. 9, p. 2225-2234, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(89)90346-3.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"2225","endPage":"2234","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224152,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"53","issue":"9","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9584e4b0c8380cd81a78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":370956,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bencala, K.E.","contributorId":105312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370957,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015444,"text":"70015444 - 1989 - Convergance experiments with a hydrodynamic model of Port Royal Sound, South Carolina","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-11-30T10:05:20","indexId":"70015444","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Convergance experiments with a hydrodynamic model of Port Royal Sound, South Carolina","docAbstract":"A two-demensional, depth-averaged, finite-difference, flow/transport model, SIM2D, is being used to simulate tidal circulation and transport in the Port Royal Sound, South Carolina, estuarine system. Models of a subregion of the Port Royal Sound system have been derived from an earlier-developed model of the entire system having a grid size of 600 ft. The submodels were implemented with grid sizes of 600, 300, and 150 ft in order to determine the effects of changes in grid size on computed flows in the subregion, which is characterized by narrow channels and extensive tidal flats that flood and dewater with each rise and fall of the tide. Tidal amplitudes changes less than 5 percent as the grid size was decreased. Simulations were performed with the 300-foot submodel for time steps of 60, 30, and 15 s. Study results are discussed.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989","conferenceLocation":"New Orleans, LA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872627195","usgsCitation":"Lee, J.K., Schaffranek, R., and Baltzer, R., 1989, Convergance experiments with a hydrodynamic model of Port Royal Sound, South Carolina, Proceedings of the 1989 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, New Orleans, LA, USA, 14 August 1989 through 18 August 1989, p. 434-441.","startPage":"434","endPage":"441","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":13634,"text":"South Atlantic Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224094,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"South Carolina","otherGeospatial":"Port Royal Sound","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fbd7e4b0c8380cd4dfd0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lee, J. K.","contributorId":28233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lee","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370946,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schaffranek, R.W.","contributorId":61468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schaffranek","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370947,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baltzer, R.A.","contributorId":86321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baltzer","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370948,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015375,"text":"70015375 - 1989 - Geochemical signatures of possible deep-seated ore deposits in Tertiary volcanic centers, Arizona and New Mexico, U.S.A.","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-17T23:43:37.377529","indexId":"70015375","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2302,"text":"Journal of Geochemical Exploration","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemical signatures of possible deep-seated ore deposits in Tertiary volcanic centers, Arizona and New Mexico, U.S.A.","docAbstract":"<div id=\"preview-section-abstract\"><div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif text-s\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id4\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id5\"><p>A reconnaissance geochemical survey of stream drainages within 21,000 km<sup>2</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>of southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico shows broad zones of low-level to moderate contrast anomalies, many associated with mid-Tertiary eruptive centers and Tertiary fault zones. Of these eruptive centers, few are known to contain metallic deposits, and most of those known are minor. This, however, may be more a function of shallow erosion level than an indication of the absence of mineralization, since hydrothermal alteration and Fe-Mn-oxide staining are widespread, and geochemical anomalies are pervasive over a larger part of the region than outcrop observations would predict. Accordingly, interpretations of the geochemical data use considerations of relative erosion levels, and inferred element zonalities, to focus on possible undiscovered deposits in the subsurface of base-, precious-, and rare-metal deposits of plutonic-volcanic association. In order to enhance the identification of specific deep targets, we use the empirically determined ratio:<span class=\"display\"><span class=\"formula\"><span class=\"math\"><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>Ag+Mn+Pb+Zn+Ba</mtext><mtext>Au+Mo+Cu+Bi+W</mtext></math>\"><span class=\"MJX_Assistive_MathML\">Ag+Mn+Pb+Zn+BaAu+Mo+Cu+Bi+W</span></span></span></span></span>This ratio is based on reported metal contents of nonmagnetic heavy-mineral samples from the drainage sediment, determined by emission spectrographic analysis. Before the ratio was computed for each sample site, the data were normalized to a previously estimated regional threshold value. A regional isopleth map was then prepared, using a cell-averaging computer routine, with contours drawn at the 25th, 50th, 75th, 80th, 90th, 95th and 99th percentiles of the computed data.</p></div></div></div></div><div id=\"preview-section-introduction\"><br></div><div id=\"preview-section-snippets\"><br></div><div id=\"preview-section-references\"><br></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0375-6742(89)90086-1","issn":"03756742","usgsCitation":"Watts, K.C., and Hassemer, J., 1989, Geochemical signatures of possible deep-seated ore deposits in Tertiary volcanic centers, Arizona and New Mexico, U.S.A.: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 32, no. 1-3, p. 413-414, https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(89)90086-1.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"413","endPage":"414","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223764,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"32","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a16a6e4b0c8380cd55207","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watts, K. C. Jr.","contributorId":36578,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Watts","given":"K.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370789,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hassemer, J.R.","contributorId":18761,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hassemer","given":"J.R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370788,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015406,"text":"70015406 - 1989 - Mobility of large rock avalanches: evidence from Valles Marineris, Mars","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-24T12:11:19.867322","indexId":"70015406","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Mobility of large rock avalanches: evidence from Valles Marineris, Mars","docAbstract":"<div id=\"15572390\" class=\"article-section-wrapper js-article-section js-content-section  \" data-section-parent-id=\"0\"><p>Measurements of<span>&nbsp;</span><i>H/L</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(height of drop/length of runout) vs. volume for landslides in Valles Marineris on Mars show a trend of decreasing<span>&nbsp;</span><i>H/L</i><span>&nbsp;</span>with increasing volume. This trend, which is linear on a log-log plot, is parallel to but lies above the trend for terrestrial dry rock avalanches. This result and estimates of 10<sup>4</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>to 10<sup>5</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>Pa yield strength suggest that the landslides were not water saturated, as suggested by previous workers. The offset between the<span>&nbsp;</span><i>H/L</i><span>&nbsp;</span>vs. volume trends shows that a typical Martian avalanche must be nearly two orders of magnitude more voluminous than a typical terrestrial avalanche in order to achieve the same mobility. This offset might be explained by the effects of gravity on flows with high yield strengths. These results should prove useful to future efforts to resolve the controversy over the mechan-ics of long-runout avalanches.</p></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<1111:MOLRAE>2.3.CO;2","issn":"00917613","usgsCitation":"McEwen, A.S., 1989, Mobility of large rock avalanches: evidence from Valles Marineris, Mars: Geology, v. 17, no. 12, p. 1111-1114, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<1111:MOLRAE>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1111","endPage":"1114","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224256,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"17","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b93e4b0c8380cd6f655","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McEwen, A. S.","contributorId":11317,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McEwen","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015401,"text":"70015401 - 1989 - Organic geochemical studies of the transformation of gymnospermous xylem during peatification and coalification to subbituminous coal","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-23T01:05:23.030422","indexId":"70015401","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2033,"text":"International Journal of Coal Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Organic geochemical studies of the transformation of gymnospermous xylem during peatification and coalification to subbituminous coal","docAbstract":"<p><span>Organic geochemical investigations of peatified and coalified xylem from gymnosperms have provided useful information on the organic transformational processes collectively known as coalification. The combined use of solid-state&nbsp;</span><sup>13</sup><span>C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (py/gc/ms) has allowed us to examine the organic composition of peatified and coalified xylem on both a bulk (average) compositional basis and on a detailed molecular basis. We conclude from our studies that coalification of gymnospermous xylem involves the following processes:</span></p><ul class=\"list\"><li class=\"react-xocs-list-item\"><span class=\"list-label\">1.</span><p>(1) early selective removal of cellulosic materials so that lignin, a primary constituent of xylem, is transformed to macromolecular aromatic components in coal;</p></li><li class=\"react-xocs-list-item\"><span class=\"list-label\">2.</span><p>(2) modification of gymnospermous lignin by demethylation to form catechol-like structures, and by condensation reactions to induce a high level of cross-linking at an early stage of coalification; and</p></li><li class=\"react-xocs-list-item\"><span class=\"list-label\">3.</span><p>(3) dehydroxylation during increasing coalification to subbituminous coal, the resultant xylem becomes more phenolic in character as the catechol-like structures decrease.</p></li></ul>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0166-5162(89)90090-6","issn":"01665162","usgsCitation":"Hatcher, P.G., Lerch, H.E., and Verheyen, V.T., 1989, Organic geochemical studies of the transformation of gymnospermous xylem during peatification and coalification to subbituminous coal: International Journal of Coal Geology, v. 13, no. 1-4, p. 65-97, https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-5162(89)90090-6.","productDescription":"33 p.","startPage":"65","endPage":"97","numberOfPages":"33","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224203,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6fb3e4b0c8380cd75bf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatcher, Patrick G.","contributorId":93625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatcher","given":"Patrick","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370858,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lerch, H. E. III","contributorId":94788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lerch","given":"H.","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370859,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Verheyen, Vincent T.","contributorId":70541,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Verheyen","given":"Vincent","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370857,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70015399,"text":"70015399 - 1989 - Appalachian Piedmont landscapes from the Permian to the Holocene","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-08T01:06:15.333272","indexId":"70015399","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1801,"text":"Geomorphology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Appalachian Piedmont landscapes from the Permian to the Holocene","docAbstract":"Between the Potomac and Susquehanna Rivers and from the Blue Ridge to the Fall Zone, landscapes of the Piedmont are illustrated for times in the Holocene, Late Wisconsin, Early Miocene, Early Cretaceous, Late Triassic, and Permian. Landscape evolution took place in tectonic settings marked by major plate collisions (Permian), arching and rifting (Late Triassic) and development of the Atlantic passive margin by sea floor spreading (Early Cretaceous). Erosion proceeded concurrently with tectonic uplift and continued after cessation of major tectonic activity. Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf sediments record three major erosional periods: (1) Late Triassic-Early Jurassic; (2) Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous; and (3) Middle Miocene-Holocene. The Middle Miocene-Holocene pulse is related to neotectonic activity and major climatic fluctuations. In the Piedmont upland the Holocene landscape is interpreted as an upland surface of low relief undergoing dissection. Major rivers and streams are incised into a landscape on which the landforms show a delicate adjustment to rock lithologies. The Fall Zone has apparently evolved from a combination of warping, faulting, and differential erosion since Late Miocene. The periglacial environment of the Late Wisconsin (and earlier glacial epochs) resulted in increased physical erosion and reduced chemical weathering. Even with lowered saprolitization rates, geochemical modeling suggests that 80 m or more of saprolite may have formed since Late Miocene. This volume of saprolite suggests major erosion of upland surfaces and seemingly contradicts available field evidence. Greatly subdued relief characterized the Early Miocene time, near the end of a prolonged interval of tropical morphogenesis. The ancestral Susquehanna and Potomac Rivers occupied approximately their present locations. In Early Cretaceous time local relief may have been as much as 900 m, and a major axial river draining both the Piedmont and Appalachians flowed southeast past Baltimore. The Late Triassic landscape was influenced by rift basin development. Streams drained into a hydrologically closed basin: no through-flowing rivers seem to have been present. A limestone escarpment along the Blue Ridge may have existed as a consequence of a semi-arid climate. The Permian may have been a time of Himalayan-like mountains and mountain glaciers. Streams (and glaciers) generally flowed southwest and west. ?? 1989.","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","issn":"0169555X","usgsCitation":"Cleaves, E., 1989, Appalachian Piedmont landscapes from the Permian to the Holocene: Geomorphology, v. 2, no. 1-3, p. 159-179.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"159","endPage":"179","numberOfPages":"21","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224201,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"1-3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ec76e4b0c8380cd492a3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cleaves, E.T.","contributorId":41148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cleaves","given":"E.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370855,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70015390,"text":"70015390 - 1989 - Paleohydrologic evolution and geochemical dynamics of cumulative supergene metal enrichment at La Escondida, Atacama Desert, northern Chile","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-05T14:50:39.324276","indexId":"70015390","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleohydrologic evolution and geochemical dynamics of cumulative supergene metal enrichment at La Escondida, Atacama Desert, northern Chile","docAbstract":"<p><span>Quantitative limonite mapping within the leached capping of the porphyry copper deposit at La Escondida, Chile, permits reconstruction of the paleohydrologic and chemical evolution of a well-developed supergene ore-forming system. The mineralogy, textures, and relative abundance of supergene limonite minerals (hematite, goethite, and jarosite) are used to reconstruct the former ratio of pyrite to chalcocite and the preoxidation copper grade based on empirical limonite sulfide correlations (after Locke, 1926; Blanchard, 1968; and Loghry, 1972). Estimates of preoxidation copper grades in surface exposures and tops of drill holes at La Escondida are significantly lower than actual copper grades in the underlying enrichment blanket at depth. This apparent inconsistency is explained by a progressive increase in the copper grade of the sulfide enrichment blanket as it descended to its present location in response to a descending water table. This systematic trend of reconstructed grades of supergene-enriched copper sulfide increasing with depth offers the first quantitative proof of cumulative downward enrichment in a supergene profile, as proposed by Locke (1926). The consistent trends of limonite mineralogy and abundance in vertical profiles indicate that water table descent at La Escondida was relatively continuous in space, although not necessarily in time.Evidence for cumulative downward enrichment in vertical profiles through leached capping allows quantitative analysis of chemical mass balance in dynamic supergene systems. Slopes of linear regressions for profiles of reconstructed enriched copper grades vs. depth indicate lateral fluxes into or out of a given vertical profile. This method provides independent verification of conclusions from a previous study of copper mass balance at La Escondida (Brimhall et al., 1985) which showed that lateral fluxes of copper were a significant factor during supergene leaching and enrichment.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.2113/gsecongeo.84.2.229","issn":"03610128","usgsCitation":"Alpers, C.N., and Brimhall, G., 1989, Paleohydrologic evolution and geochemical dynamics of cumulative supergene metal enrichment at La Escondida, Atacama Desert, northern Chile: Economic Geology, v. 84, no. 2, p. 229-255, https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.84.2.229.","productDescription":"27 p.","startPage":"229","endPage":"255","numberOfPages":"27","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224034,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"84","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73f5e4b0c8380cd77357","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alpers, Charles N. 0000-0001-6945-7365 cnalpers@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6945-7365","contributorId":411,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alpers","given":"Charles","email":"cnalpers@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":370830,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brimhall, G.H.","contributorId":91992,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brimhall","given":"G.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370829,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70015389,"text":"70015389 - 1989 - Analysis of exceptionally large tremors in two gold mining districts of South Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:56","indexId":"70015389","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3209,"text":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Analysis of exceptionally large tremors in two gold mining districts of South Africa","docAbstract":"An investigation of ground motion, recorded using broad-band, wide dynamic-range digital seismographs, of large mine tremors from two South African mining districts with different geologic settings, reveals some essential differences in both seismic source and ground motion parameters. In the Klerksdorp district where the strata are offset by major throughgoing normal faults, the largest tremors, with magnitudes ranging as high as 5.2, tend to be associated with slip on these pre-existing faults. Moreover, the seismic source and ground motion parameters are quite similar to those of natural crustal earthquakes. In the Carletonville district, by contrast, where substantial faults do not exist, the large-magnitude tremors appear to result from the failure of relatively intact rock and cause seismic stress drops and ground motion parameters higher than normally observed for natural shocks. Additionally, there appears to be an upper magnitude limit of about 4 in the Carletonville district. Detailed analyses of an exceptionally large event recorded locally from each of these districts serve to highlight these contrasts. ?? 1989 Birkha??user Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Birkha??user-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00874511","issn":"00334553","usgsCitation":"McGarr, A., Bicknell, J., Sembera, E., and Green, R., 1989, Analysis of exceptionally large tremors in two gold mining districts of South Africa: Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH, v. 129, no. 3-4, p. 295-307, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00874511.","startPage":"295","endPage":"307","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223985,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205434,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874511"}],"volume":"129","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059eb12e4b0c8380cd48bcf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McGarr, Art 0000-0001-9769-4093","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9769-4093","contributorId":43491,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McGarr","given":"Art","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370826,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bicknell, J.","contributorId":107433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bicknell","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370828,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sembera, E.","contributorId":7274,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sembera","given":"E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370825,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Green, R.W.E.","contributorId":68041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Green","given":"R.W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370827,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70015385,"text":"70015385 - 1989 - Seismic response of a large-span roof diaphragm","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:57","indexId":"70015385","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic response of a large-span roof diaphragm","docAbstract":"Records obtained from the West Valley College Gymnasium in Saratoga, California during the 1984 Morgan Hill earthquake are used to study the dynamic behavior of the overall gymnasium as well as its flexible disaphragm. The ground-level motions recorded in the two orthogonal axes of the structure differ considerably in peak acceleration and amplify by approximately 1.5 times at the roof edges and by 4-5 times at the center of the diaphragm. The diaphragm responds with a frequency of approximately 4 Hz in both orthogonal axes. A simple finite-element model is used to match the fundamental frequency of the diaphragm with that from the records. Using this model and the ground-level motions as input, the diaphragm center displacements are calculated by varying the structural damping. Best comparisons are obtained for 5% damping. These results are discussed in terms of the code provisions.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Earthquake Spectra","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","doi":"10.1193/1.1585525","issn":"87552930","usgsCitation":"Çelebi, M., Bongiovanni, G., Safak, E., and Brady, A.G., 1989, Seismic response of a large-span roof diaphragm: Earthquake Spectra, v. 5, no. 2, p. 337-350, https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1585525.","startPage":"337","endPage":"350","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205429,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1585525"},{"id":223933,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"5","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1989-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8b59e4b08c986b31777c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Çelebi, Mehmet 0000-0002-4769-7357 celebi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-7357","contributorId":3205,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Çelebi","given":"Mehmet","email":"celebi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":370816,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bongiovanni, Giovanni","contributorId":56803,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bongiovanni","given":"Giovanni","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370817,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Safak, Erdal","contributorId":73984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Safak","given":"Erdal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brady, A. Gerald","contributorId":85959,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brady","given":"A.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gerald","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70015383,"text":"70015383 - 1989 - Physical, geological and biological studies on four Pacific seamounts: introduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-03-13T20:26:59","indexId":"70015383","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1369,"text":"Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Physical, geological and biological studies on four Pacific seamounts: introduction","docAbstract":"[No abstract available]","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0198-0149(89)90111-8","issn":"01980149","usgsCitation":"Smith, K., Schwab, W.C., Noble, M., and de Moustier, C., 1989, Physical, geological and biological studies on four Pacific seamounts: introduction: Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers, v. 36, no. 12, p. 1785-1790, https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(89)90111-8.","startPage":"1785","endPage":"1790","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":269289,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(89)90111-8"},{"id":223878,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"36","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7aebe4b0c8380cd79174","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, K.L. Jr.","contributorId":86391,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"K.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370810,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schwab, W. C.","contributorId":78740,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schwab","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370809,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Noble, M.","contributorId":15340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370808,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"de Moustier, C.","contributorId":100545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"de Moustier","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":370811,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
]}