A continuing quality-assurance program has been operated by the U.S. Geological Survey to evaluate any bias introduced by routine handling, shipping, and laboratory analyses of wet-deposition samples collected in the National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP) and National Trends Network (NTN). Blind-audit samples having a variety of constituent concentrations and values were selected. Only blind-audit samples with constituent concentrations and values less than the 95th-percentile concentration for natural wet-deposition samples were included in the analysis. Of the major ions, there was a significant increase of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na2+, K+, SO42− and Cl−1 in samples handled according to standard protocols and shipped in NADP/NTN sample-collection buckets. For 1979–1987, graphs of smoothed data showing the estimated contamination in blind-audit samples indicate a decrease in the median concentration and ranges of Ca2+, Mg2+ and SO42− contamination of blind-audit samples shipped in sample-collection buckets. Part of the contamination detected in blind-audit samples can be attributed to contact with the sample-collection bucket and lid; however, additional sources also seem to contaminate the blind-audit sample. Apparent decreases in the magnitude and range of sample contamination may be caused by differences in sample-collection bucket- and lid-washing procedures by the NADP/NTN Central Analytical Laboratory. Although the degree of bias is minimal for most constituents, summaries of the NADP/NTN data base may contain overestimates of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na−, K+ and SO42− and Cl− concentrations, and underestimates of H+ concentrations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0004-6981(89)90063-2","issn":"00046981","usgsCitation":"See, R., Schroder, L., and Willoughby, T.C., 1989, A quality-assurance assessment for constituents reported by the National Atmospheric Deposition Program and the National Trends Network: Atmospheric Environment, v. 23, no. 8, p. 1801-1806, https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(89)90063-2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1801","endPage":"1806","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223950,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"23","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e523e4b0c8380cd46b56","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"See, R.B.","contributorId":67910,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"See","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371656,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schroder, L.J.","contributorId":31767,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schroder","given":"L.J.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":371654,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Willoughby, T. C.","contributorId":31791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Willoughby","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":371655,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016147,"text":"70016147 - 1989 - Upslope deposition of extremely distal turbidites: An example from the Tiburon Rise, west-central Atlantic","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-24T01:34:16.850564","indexId":"70016147","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Upslope deposition of extremely distal turbidites: An example from the Tiburon Rise, west-central Atlantic","docAbstract":"Terrigenous silt and sand turbidites recovered from the crest of the Tiburon Rise in the west-central Atlantic represent an unprecedented example of upslope turbidite deposition in an extremely distal setting. These Eocene-Oligocene beds, which were derived from South America more than 1000 km to the southeast, were probably deposited by extremely thick (>1500 m) turbidity currents that flowed parallel to the southern margin of the rise. We suggest that flow thickness was the dominant control on deposition of these beds, rather than true upslope flow. This interpretation points out the importance of local bathymetry on the behavior of even extremely distal turbidity currents.
THE contamination of sub-surface water supplies with aromatic compounds is a significant environmental concern1,2. As these contaminated sub-surface environments are generally anaerobic, the microbial oxidation of aromatic compounds coupled to nitrate reduction, sulphate reduction and methane production has been studied intensively1-7. In addition, geochemical evidence suggests that Fe(III) can be an important electron acceptor for the oxidation of aromatic compounds in anaerobic groundwater. Until now, only abiological mechanisms for the oxidation of aromatic compounds with Fe(III) have been reported8-12. Here we show that in aquatic sediments, microbial activity is necessary for the oxidation of model aromatic compounds coupled to Fe(III) reduction. Furthermore, a pure culture of the Fe(III)-reducing bacterium GS-15 can obtain energy for growth by oxidizing benzoate, toluene, phenol or p-cresol with Fe(III) as the sole electron acceptor. These results extend the known physiological capabilities of Fe(III)-reducing organisms and provide the first example of an organism of any type which can oxidize an aromatic hydrocarbon anaerobically.
","language":"English","publisher":"Nature","doi":"10.1038/339297a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Lovley, D.R., Baedecker, M., Lonergan, D., Cozzarelli, I., Phillips, E.J., and Siegel, D.I., 1989, Oxidation of aromatic contaminants coupled to microbial iron reduction: Nature, v. 339, no. 6222, p. 297-300, https://doi.org/10.1038/339297a0.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"297","endPage":"300","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223502,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"339","issue":"6222","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7263e4b0c8380cd76a83","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovley, Derek R.","contributorId":107852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovley","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Baedecker, M.J.","contributorId":42702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedecker","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lonergan, D.J.","contributorId":86110,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lonergan","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cozzarelli, I.M. 0000-0002-5123-1007","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-1007","contributorId":22343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"I.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Phillips, Elizabeth J.P.","contributorId":37475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Elizabeth","middleInitial":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Siegel, D. I.","contributorId":77562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Siegel","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70016020,"text":"70016020 - 1989 - Coprecipitation and redox reactions of manganese oxides with copper and nickel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T10:43:07","indexId":"70016020","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Coprecipitation and redox reactions of manganese oxides with copper and nickel","docAbstract":"Open-system, continuous-titration experiments have been done in which a slow flux of ∼0.02 molar solution of Mn2+ chloride, nitrate, or perchlorate with Cu2+ or Ni2+ in lesser concentrations was introduced into an aerated reactor solution held at constant temperature and at constant pH by a pH-stat titrator that added dilute NaOH. The resulting mixtures of metal oxyhydroxides and their native solutions were aged for periods as long as 2 1/2 years. Fresh and aged precipitates were characterized by chemical analysis, oxidation state determinations, X-ray and electron diffraction, and electron microscopy. The precipitates can be described as mixtures of oxide and oxyhydroxide species, using concepts of equilibrium and nonequilibrium chemical thermodynamics. The metal-ion content of the aged precipitates in systems that contained copper is distributed among three principal components. One of these is a mixed oxide Cu2Mn3O8 in which all Mn is in the 4+ oxidation state. A major component in all precipitates is feitknechtite, βMnOOH. These forms are supplemented by CuO or by birnessite or ramsdellite forms of MnO2 where stoichiometry and thermodynamic calculations predict them. In systems that contained nickel and manganese, identifiable components included βMnOOH, Ni(OH)2, and the same two forms of MnO2. The oxidation number of the precipitated manganese increased during aging, and the pH of the supernatant solution decreased. The maximum Mn oxidation number observed was 3.55 in an Mn + Cu precipitate aged for 18 months. Concentrations of Cu2+ and Ni2+ generally decreased to values substantially below those predicted by oxide or hydroxide equilibrium. Scavenging effects of this type are common in natural aqueous systems.
Queen Inlet is unique among Glacier Bay fjords because it alone has a branching channel system incised in the Holocene sediment fill of the fjord floor. Bathymetry and seismic-reflection profiles show that four channels begin on, or at the base of, the delta front of this marine-outwash fjord. By midpoint of the fjord, these channels have merged into one main channel that extends the length of the fjord. The main channel cuts deeply into the scarp that separates this hanging tributary from the West Arm of Glacier Bay. The Queen Inlet channel ends on the main fjord floor as several small distributaries that form part of a lobate-fan deposit. Sand from the channel and lobate fan, in contrast to fjord-floor mud, plus steep truncated channel walls indicate that turbidity currents created this apparently active channel system. Queen Inlet and other known channel-containing fjords are marine-outwash fjords; the tidewater glacial fjords do not have steep delta fronts on which slides are generated and may not have a sufficient reservoir of potentially unstable coarse sediment to generate channel-cutting turbidity currents. Presence or absence of channels, as revealed in the ancient rock record, may be one criterion for interpreting types of fjords.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing","doi":"10.1139/e89-065","issn":"00084077","usgsCitation":"Carlson, P., Powell, R., and Rearic, D., 1989, Turbidity-current channels in Queen Inlet, Glacier Bay, Alaska: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 26, no. 4, p. 807-820, https://doi.org/10.1139/e89-065.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"807","endPage":"820","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223302,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Glacier Bay, Queen Inlet","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -136.5909810759445,\n 58.910056645097825\n ],\n [\n -136.60645837565497,\n 58.88475479639544\n ],\n [\n -136.60247409458077,\n 58.84011604803868\n ],\n [\n -136.5958336261239,\n 58.8396579164407\n ],\n [\n -136.58388078290156,\n 58.83782532946705\n ],\n [\n -136.578125710239,\n 58.83278521546376\n ],\n [\n -136.5697144501937,\n 58.833472546905085\n ],\n [\n -136.5621885859425,\n 58.83095226497093\n ],\n [\n -136.55776160697138,\n 58.82682777189811\n ],\n [\n -136.55112113851447,\n 58.82453617477498\n ],\n [\n -136.54802225323462,\n 58.819035723563104\n ],\n [\n -136.5342986184237,\n 58.81399287664098\n ],\n [\n -136.51747609833308,\n 58.80436358687021\n ],\n [\n -136.50950753618474,\n 58.797483886015954\n ],\n [\n -136.4594826738099,\n 58.8263694645932\n ],\n [\n -136.46568044436964,\n 58.82866094052412\n ],\n [\n -136.47763328759197,\n 58.835076267253896\n ],\n [\n -136.48515915184316,\n 58.83874163507059\n ],\n [\n -136.4904715266086,\n 58.843093755761146\n ],\n [\n -136.4904715266086,\n 58.84790335835433\n ],\n [\n -136.49445580768256,\n 58.853399229307\n ],\n [\n -136.50419516141932,\n 58.86072570057232\n ],\n [\n -136.50596595300794,\n 58.86438835483261\n ],\n [\n -136.50552325511077,\n 58.868050621546615\n ],\n [\n -136.5006707049314,\n 58.873232166278854\n ],\n [\n -136.50376959021128,\n 58.88513007505341\n ],\n [\n -136.5108527565651,\n 58.89107749492152\n ],\n [\n -136.51616513133075,\n 58.89519434024595\n ],\n [\n -136.51395164184498,\n 58.89953936738178\n ],\n [\n -136.5241336934789,\n 58.91188541013912\n ],\n [\n -136.52811797455306,\n 58.92057072218634\n ],\n [\n -136.52369099558172,\n 58.928339939806136\n ],\n [\n -136.52590448506749,\n 58.938163211823905\n ],\n [\n -136.52590448506749,\n 58.95186543166105\n ],\n [\n -136.52103480819903,\n 58.95460522265182\n ],\n [\n -136.51262354815373,\n 58.95460522265182\n ],\n [\n -136.506425777594,\n 58.95460522265182\n ],\n [\n -136.4958010280629,\n 58.955518437952094\n ],\n [\n -136.49004595540035,\n 58.96601867599492\n ],\n [\n -136.48517627853207,\n 58.97993797358788\n ],\n [\n -136.47809311217804,\n 58.985184773987214\n ],\n [\n -136.47632232058962,\n 58.992939450069684\n ],\n [\n -136.4727807374126,\n 58.99499186619727\n ],\n [\n -136.46127059208743,\n 58.99385165011776\n ],\n [\n -136.4475469572765,\n 58.99658810528038\n ],\n [\n -136.45994249839595,\n 59.00707583560447\n ],\n [\n -136.4904886532975,\n 59.01345810718678\n ],\n [\n -136.5294460682443,\n 59.00844356487613\n ],\n [\n -136.53830002618676,\n 59.002060363224416\n ],\n [\n -136.5334303493185,\n 58.9956759777227\n ],\n [\n -136.5223629018905,\n 58.9917991660287\n ],\n [\n -136.52147750609618,\n 58.98267553436227\n ],\n [\n -136.53033146403862,\n 58.97491854718328\n ],\n [\n -136.54981017151215,\n 58.97469037406398\n ],\n [\n -136.5697315768826,\n 58.96738803652832\n ],\n [\n -136.57415855585393,\n 58.960084151745946\n ],\n [\n -136.57681474323664,\n 58.94958210624628\n ],\n [\n -136.5781428369279,\n 58.94592847119233\n ],\n [\n -136.5781428369279,\n 58.93907686245282\n ],\n [\n -136.57592934744235,\n 58.934279926790055\n ],\n [\n -136.575043951648,\n 58.928339939806136\n ],\n [\n -136.57991362851652,\n 58.915771214442515\n ],\n [\n -136.5909810759445,\n 58.910056645097825\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb8f1e4b08c986b327b31","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Carlson, P.R.","contributorId":97055,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carlson","given":"P.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372597,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Powell, R.D.","contributorId":74015,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Powell","given":"R.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372596,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rearic, D.M.","contributorId":65463,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rearic","given":"D.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372595,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016021,"text":"70016021 - 1989 - The use of total lake-surface area as an indicator of climatic change: Examples from the Lahontan basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-01-26T07:00:30","indexId":"70016021","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3218,"text":"Quaternary Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The use of total lake-surface area as an indicator of climatic change: Examples from the Lahontan basin","docAbstract":"Variation in the size of lakes in the Lahontan basin is topographically constrained. River diversion also has played a major role in regulating lake size in Lahontan subbasins. The proper gage of lake response to change in the hydrologic balance is neither lake depth (level) nor lake volume but instead lake-surface area. Normalization of surface area is necessary when comparing surface areas of lakes in basins having different topographies. To a first approximation, normalization can be accomplished by dividing the paleosurface area of a lake by its mean-historical, reconstructed surface area. ?? 1989.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Quaternary Research","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","publisherLocation":"Amsterdam, Netherlands","doi":"10.1016/0033-5894(89)90093-8","issn":"00335894","usgsCitation":"Benson, L.V., and Paillet, F.L., 1989, The use of total lake-surface area as an indicator of climatic change: Examples from the Lahontan basin: Quaternary Research, v. 32, no. 3, p. 262-275, https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(89)90093-8.","startPage":"262","endPage":"275","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223493,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":266521,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(89)90093-8"}],"volume":"32","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-01-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb19de4b08c986b32536d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Benson, L. V.","contributorId":50159,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Benson","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paillet, Frederick L.","contributorId":63820,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Paillet","given":"Frederick","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016022,"text":"70016022 - 1989 - Geochemical controls on vanadium accumulation in fossil fuels","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:45","indexId":"70016022","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geochemical controls on vanadium accumulation in fossil fuels","docAbstract":"High vanadium contents in petroleum and other fossil fuels have been attributed to organic-matter type, organisms, volcanic emanations, diffusion of sea water, and epigenetic enrichment. However, these factors are inadequate to account for the high abundance of vanadium in some fossil fuels and the paucity in others. By examining vanadium deposits in sedimentary rocks with sparse organic matter, constraints are placed on processes controlling vanadium accumulation in organic-rich sediments. Vanadium, as vanadate (V(V)), entered some depositional basins in oxidizing waters from dry, subaerial environments. Upon contact with organic matter in anoxic waters, V(V) is reduced to vanadyl (V(IV)), which can be removed from the water column by adsorption. H2S reduces V(IV) to V(III), which hydrolyzes and precipitates. The lack of V(III) in petroleum suggests that reduction of V(IV) to V(III) is inhibited by organic complexes. In the absence of strong complexing agents, V(III) forms and is incorporated in clay minerals.","largerWorkTitle":"Preprints Symposia","language":"English","issn":"05693799","usgsCitation":"Breit, G.N., and Wanty, R., 1989, Geochemical controls on vanadium accumulation in fossil fuels, in Preprints Symposia, v. 34, no. 1.","startPage":"176","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223494,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a15fae4b0c8380cd54ff3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Breit, G. N.","contributorId":94664,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Breit","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wanty, R. B. 0000-0002-2063-6423","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-6423","contributorId":66704,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wanty","given":"R. B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016026,"text":"70016026 - 1989 - Evaluating geographic information systems technology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:46","indexId":"70016026","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3052,"text":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating geographic information systems technology","docAbstract":"Computerized geographic information systems (GISs) are emerging as the spatial data handling tools of choice for solving complex geographical problems. However, few guidelines exist for assisting potential users in identifying suitable hardware and software. A process to be followed in evaluating the merits of GIS technology is presented. Related standards and guidelines, software functions, hardware components, and benchmarking are discussed. By making users aware of all aspects of adopting GIS technology, they can decide if GIS is an appropriate tool for their application and, if so, which GIS should be used.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","issn":"00991112","usgsCitation":"Guptill, S., 1989, Evaluating geographic information systems technology: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 55, no. 11, p. 1583-1587.","startPage":"1583","endPage":"1587","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222775,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"55","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0be4e4b0c8380cd52918","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Guptill, Stephen C.","contributorId":103250,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Guptill","given":"Stephen C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016027,"text":"70016027 - 1989 - Non-energy resources, Connecticut and Rhode Island coastal waters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-03T11:01:47.057678","indexId":"70016027","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Non-energy resources, Connecticut and Rhode Island coastal waters","docAbstract":"If the primordial atmosphere was reducing, then the first microbial ecosystem was probably composed of anaerobic bacteria. However, despite the presence of an oxygen-rich atmosphere, anaerobic habitats are important, commonplace components of the Earth's present biosphere. The geochemical activities displayed by these anaerobes impact the global cycling of certain elements (e.g., C, N, S, Fe, Mn, etc.). Methane provides an obvious example of how human-enhanced activities on a global scale can influence the content of a \"radiative\" (i.e., infrared absorbing) trace gas in the atmosphere. Methane can be oxidized by anaerobic bacteria, but this does not appear to support their growth. Acetylene, however, does support such growth. This may form the basis for future exobiological investigations of the atmospheres of anoxic, hydrocarbon-rich planets like Jupiter and Saturn, as well as the latter's satellite Titan.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0273-1177(89)90218-4","issn":"02731177","usgsCitation":"Oremland, R., 1989, Present-day biogeochemical activities of anaerobic bacteria and their relevance to future exobiological investigations: Advances in Space Research, v. 9, no. 6, p. 127-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(89)90218-4.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"127","endPage":"136","numberOfPages":"10","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222882,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a8b4ae4b0c8380cd7e1e6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Oremland, R.S.","contributorId":97512,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oremland","given":"R.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016105,"text":"70016105 - 1989 - Adaptive modeling, identification, and control of dynamic structural systems. I. Theory","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-22T14:37:43.370995","indexId":"70016105","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2252,"text":"Journal of Engineering Mechanics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Adaptive modeling, identification, and control of dynamic structural systems. I. Theory","docAbstract":"A concise review of the fheory of adaptive modeling, identification, and control of dynamic structural systems based on discrete‐time recordings is presented. Adaptive methods have four major advantages over the classical methods: (1) Removal of the noise from the signal is done over the whole frequency band; (2) time‐varying characteristics of systems can be tracked; (3) systems with unknown characteristics can be controlled; and (4) a small segment of the data is needed during the computations. Included in the paper are the discrete‐time representation of single‐input single‐output (SISO) systems, models for SISO systems with noise, the concept of stochastic approximation, recursive prediction error method (RPEM) for system identification, and the adaptive control. Guidelines for model selection and model validation and the computational aspects of the method are also discussed in the paper. The present paper is the first of two companion papers. The theory given in the paper is limited to that which is necessary to follow the examples for applications in structural dynamics presented in the second paper.
","language":"English","publisher":"ASCE","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1989)115:11(2386)","issn":"07339399","usgsCitation":"Safak, E., 1989, Adaptive modeling, identification, and control of dynamic structural systems. I. Theory: Journal of Engineering Mechanics, v. 115, no. 11, p. 2386-2405, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1989)115:11(2386).","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"2386","endPage":"2405","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223094,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"115","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e6e5e4b0c8380cd476f2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Safak, Erdal","contributorId":73984,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Safak","given":"Erdal","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016036,"text":"70016036 - 1989 - Quantitative dye-tracing of karst ground-water flow","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:46","indexId":"70016036","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Quantitative dye-tracing of karst ground-water flow","docAbstract":"Analysis of the results of repeat quantitative dye traces between a sinkhole and a spring used for public water supply were used to describe predictive relations between discharge, mean travel time, apparent ground-water flow velocity and solute transport characteristics. Normalized peak concentration, mean travel time, and standard deviation of travel times were used to produce a dimensionless, composite type curve that was used to produce a dimensionless, composite type curve that was used to simulate solute transport characteristics for selected discharges. Using this curve and previously developed statistical relations, a water manager can estimate the arrival time, peak concentration, and persistence of a soluble contaminant at a supply spring or well based on discharge and the quantity of spilled contaminant.","conferenceTitle":"Environmental Engineering: Proceedings of the 1989 Specialty Conference","conferenceDate":"10 July 1989 through 12 July 1989","conferenceLocation":"Austin, TX, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"087262711X","usgsCitation":"Smoot, J., Mull, D.S., and Liebermann, T., 1989, Quantitative dye-tracing of karst ground-water flow, Environmental Engineering: Proceedings of the 1989 Specialty Conference, Austin, TX, USA, 10 July 1989 through 12 July 1989, p. 677-684.","startPage":"677","endPage":"684","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222937,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a9213e4b0c8380cd80634","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smoot, James","contributorId":12971,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smoot","given":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mull, Donald S.","contributorId":86491,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mull","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Liebermann, Timothy","contributorId":55963,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Liebermann","given":"Timothy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016037,"text":"70016037 - 1989 - Comparison of early exploration at Platanares (Honduras) and Wairakei (New Zealand)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:45","indexId":"70016037","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Comparison of early exploration at Platanares (Honduras) and Wairakei (New Zealand)","docAbstract":"Early exploration at Wairakei, New Zealand, is compared with the present state of exploration of Platanares, Honduras. In retrospect, geothermometer temperatures favor Platanares (e.g., 220 vs. 190??C for Na-K-Ca), but two 600-m drill holes encountered lower temperatures (160??C). Wairakei, explored before the advent of chemical geothermometry, also had disappointing early drilling results (but better than Platanares; one of the first six holes hit T > 180??C). The Wairakei drilling program was nevertheless continued at full speed and by well 20 a successful drilling strategy was discovered.","largerWorkTitle":"Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council","conferenceTitle":"Geysers - Three Decades of Achievement: A Window on the Future","conferenceDate":"1 October 1989 through 4 October 1989","conferenceLocation":"Santa Rosa, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by Geothermal Resources Council","publisherLocation":"Davis, CA, United States","issn":"01935933","usgsCitation":"Truesdell, A., Glover, R., Janik, C.J., Brown, K., and Goff, F., 1989, Comparison of early exploration at Platanares (Honduras) and Wairakei (New Zealand), in Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council, v. 13, Santa Rosa, CA, USA, 1 October 1989 through 4 October 1989, p. 207-212.","startPage":"207","endPage":"212","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222985,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"13","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f85de4b0c8380cd4d05a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Truesdell, A.H.","contributorId":52566,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Truesdell","given":"A.H.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6672,"text":"former: USGS Southwest Biological Science Center, Colorado Plateau Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ. Current address: TN-SCORE, Univ of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, e-mail: jennen@gmail.com","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":372399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Glover, R.B.","contributorId":59951,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Glover","given":"R.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Janik, C. J.","contributorId":10795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Janik","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brown, K.L.","contributorId":51915,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"K.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Goff, F.","contributorId":53408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goff","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70016038,"text":"70016038 - 1989 - The structure of subtidal currents within and around Lydonia Canyon: Evidence for enhanced cross-shelf fluctuations over the mouth of the canyon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-29T16:32:53.350969","indexId":"70016038","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":9107,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The structure of subtidal currents within and around Lydonia Canyon: Evidence for enhanced cross-shelf fluctuations over the mouth of the canyon","docAbstract":"Between October 1980 and April 1981, currents were measured within Lydonia Canyon and on the adjacent shelf and slope. The amplitude of the subtidal currents over the shelf and slope ranged between 10 and 30 cm s−1, but within the canyon, they were typically smaller than 5 cm s−1. The subtidal currents had well-defined spatial structures over the shelf and the slope and in the middle and outer portions of the canyon. The along-isobath flow over the shelf and slope was unaltered by the canyon. Currents within the canyon and just above it were driven up and down the canyon by the cross-shelf pressure gradient in geostrophic equilibrium with the along-shelf flow. The measurements suggest that the Coriolis force on the cross-canyon flow, turbulent Reynolds stresses, and acceleration of the along-canyon flow balanced the imposed pressure gradient for flow near the rim of Lydonia Canyon. The Coriolis force was not important in the deeper portions of the canyon, where baroclinic adjustments of the density field began to be an important factor in the momentum balance. A simple model indicates that the magnitude of the horizontal turbulent viscosity coefficient for subtidal flow in this narrow canyon is 106 to 107 cm2 s−1. The mixing indicated by the large amplitude of the viscosity coefficient was probably caused by the strong tidal currents present within Lydonia Canyon. On the shelf, along-isobath currents were locally driven by the large-scale component of the wind field; along-shelf currents were equally correlated with local winds and with winds from sites 700 km northeast of Lydonia Canyon. Wind stress was not correlated with currents over the slope in water deeper than 450 m or with currents within the canyon.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JC094iC06p08091","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Noble, M., and Butman, B., 1989, The structure of subtidal currents within and around Lydonia Canyon: Evidence for enhanced cross-shelf fluctuations over the mouth of the canyon: Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans, v. 94, no. C6, p. 8091-8110, https://doi.org/10.1029/JC094iC06p08091.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"8091","endPage":"8110","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222986,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"94","issue":"C6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bb09be4b08c986b324f77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Noble, M.","contributorId":15340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Noble","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Butman, B.","contributorId":85580,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Butman","given":"B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016039,"text":"70016039 - 1989 - Multiobjective sampling design for parameter estimation and model discrimination in groundwater solute transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-21T12:47:57","indexId":"70016039","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Multiobjective sampling design for parameter estimation and model discrimination in groundwater solute transport","docAbstract":"Sampling design for site characterization studies of solute transport in porous media is formulated as a multiobjective problem. Optimal design of a sampling network is a sequential process in which the next phase of sampling is designed on the basis of all available physical knowledge of the system. Three objectives are considered: model discrimination, parameter estimation, and cost minimization. For the first two objectives, physically based measures of the value of information obtained from a set of observations are specified. In model discrimination, value of information of an observation point is measured in terms of the difference in solute concentration predicted by hypothesized models of transport. Points of greatest difference in predictions can contribute the most information to the discriminatory power of a sampling design. Sensitivity of solute concentration to a change in a parameter contributes information on the relative variance of a parameter estimate. Inclusion of points in a sampling design with high sensitivities to parameters tends to reduce variance in parameter estimates. Cost minimization accounts for both the capital cost of well installation and the operating costs of collection and analysis of field samples. Sensitivities, discrimination information, and well installation and sampling costs are used to form coefficients in the multiobjective problem in which the decision variables are binary (zero/one), each corresponding to the selection of an observation point in time and space. The solution to the multiobjective problem is a noninferior set of designs. To gain insight into effective design strategies, a one-dimensional solute transport problem is hypothesized. Then, an approximation of the noninferior set is found by enumerating 120 designs and evaluating objective functions for each of the designs. Trade-offs between pairs of objectives are demonstrated among the models. The value of an objective function for a given design is shown to correspond to the ability of a design to actually meet an objective.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR025i010p02245","usgsCitation":"Knopman, D.S., and Voss, C.I., 1989, Multiobjective sampling design for parameter estimation and model discrimination in groundwater solute transport: Water Resources Research, v. 25, no. 10, p. 2245-2258, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR025i010p02245.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2245","endPage":"2258","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222987,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6035e4b0c8380cd71386","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knopman, Debra S.","contributorId":51472,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knopman","given":"Debra","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Voss, Clifford I. 0000-0001-5923-2752 cvoss@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-2752","contributorId":1559,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Voss","given":"Clifford","email":"cvoss@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"I.","affiliations":[{"id":438,"text":"National Research Program - Western Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":372405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016052,"text":"70016052 - 1989 - On the similarity of theories of anelastic and scattering attenuation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-27T00:37:33.280479","indexId":"70016052","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"On the similarity of theories of anelastic and scattering attenuation","docAbstract":"We point out basic parallels between theories of anelastic and scattering attenuation. We consider approximations to scattering effects presented by O'Doherty and Anstey (1971), Sato (1982), and Wu (1982). We use the linear theory of anelasticity. We note that the frequency dependence of Q can be related to a distribution of scales of physical properties of the medium. The frequency dependence of anelastic Q is related to the distribution of relaxation times in exactly the same manner as the frequency dependence of scattering Q is related to the distribution of scatterer sizes. Thus, the well-known difficulty of separating scattering from intrinsic attenuation is seen from this point of view as a consequence of the fact that certain observables can be interpreted by identical equations resulting from either of two credible physical theories describing fundamentally different processes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0790041287","usgsCitation":"Wennerberg, L., and Frankel, A.D., 1989, On the similarity of theories of anelastic and scattering attenuation: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 79, no. 4, p. 1287-1293, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0790041287.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"1287","endPage":"1293","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":422169,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article/79/4/1287/102447/On-the-similarity-of-theories-of-anelastic-and"},{"id":223193,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"79","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a6dfae4b0c8380cd7541f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wennerberg, Leif","contributorId":96008,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wennerberg","given":"Leif","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372431,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Frankel, Arthur D. 0000-0001-9119-6106 afrankel@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9119-6106","contributorId":1363,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frankel","given":"Arthur","email":"afrankel@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":372430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016053,"text":"70016053 - 1989 - Survey of three-dimensional numerical estuarine models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:40","indexId":"70016053","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Survey of three-dimensional numerical estuarine models","docAbstract":"This paper surveys the existing 3-D estuarine hydrodynamic and solute transport models by a review of the commonly used assumptions and approximations, and by an examination of the methods of solution. The model formulations, methods of solution, and known applications are surveyed and summarized in tables. In conclusion, the authors present their modeling philosophy and suggest future research needs.","conferenceTitle":"Estuarine and Coastal Modeling - Proceedings of the Conference","conferenceDate":"15 November 1989 through 17 November 1989","conferenceLocation":"Newport, RI, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"Boston, MA, United States","isbn":"0872627586","usgsCitation":"Cheng, R.T., and Smith, P.E., 1989, Survey of three-dimensional numerical estuarine models, Estuarine and Coastal Modeling - Proceedings of the Conference, Newport, RI, USA, 15 November 1989 through 17 November 1989, p. 1-15.","startPage":"1","endPage":"15","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223194,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba29ce4b08c986b31f81b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cheng, Ralph T.","contributorId":69134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cheng","given":"Ralph","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372433,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, Peter E.","contributorId":50609,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"Peter","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372432,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016089,"text":"70016089 - 1989 - Mixing and residence times of stormwater runoff in a detection system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:47","indexId":"70016089","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Mixing and residence times of stormwater runoff in a detection system","docAbstract":"Five tracer runs were performed on a detention pond and wetlands system to determine mixing and residence times in the system. The data indicate that at low discharges and with large amounts of storage, the pond is moderately mixed with residence times not much less than the theoretical maximum possible under complete mixing. At higher discharges and with less storage in the pond, short-circuiting occurs, reducing the amount of mixing in the pond and appreciably reducing the residence times. The time between pond outlet peak concentrations and wetlands outlet peak concentrations indicate that in the wetlands, mixing increases with decreasing discharge and increasing storage.","conferenceTitle":"Proceedings of an Engineering Foundation Conference on Current Practice and Design Criteria for Urban Quality Control","conferenceDate":"10 July 1988 through 15 July 1988","conferenceLocation":"Potosi, MO, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872626954","usgsCitation":"Martin, E.H., 1989, Mixing and residence times of stormwater runoff in a detection system, Proceedings of an Engineering Foundation Conference on Current Practice and Design Criteria for Urban Quality Control, Potosi, MO, USA, 10 July 1988 through 15 July 1988, p. 164-179.","startPage":"164","endPage":"179","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222888,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5b85e4b0c8380cd6f5ec","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Martin, Edward H. ehmartin@usgs.gov","contributorId":1906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Martin","given":"Edward","email":"ehmartin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":372515,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016088,"text":"70016088 - 1989 - Cryptic tectonic domains of the Klamath Mountains, California and Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-16T13:38:17.436219","indexId":"70016088","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1517,"text":"Engineering Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cryptic tectonic domains of the Klamath Mountains, California and Oregon","docAbstract":"Numerous fragments of oceanic crust and island arcs make up the Klamath Mountains province. These fragments were joined together (amalgamated) in an oceanic setting during Paleozoic and Mesozoic collisional events and were accreted to North America as a composite unit during latest Jurassic or earliest Cretaceous time. The roughly arcuate and concentric distribution of the terranes of the Klamath Mountains does not now seem to be a result of simple oroclinal bending as earlier believed. Although commonly described as a west-facing arcuate structure, the province is cut diagonally by a vaguely defined NW-trending zone of discontinuity, or hinge line, that divides the province into NE and SW tectonic domains. The zone of discontinuity is marked by a number of lithic and structural anomalies, and particularly by the distribution of a remarkable series of belts of plutonic rocks. The terranes, regional structures, and plutonic belts of the NE domain trend NE and are generally wider and more coherent than the narrow NW-trending terranes and plutonic belts of the SW domain. Most plutonic belts of the NE domain do not have equivalents in the SW domain. Paleomagnetic evidence suggests that all the plutonic belts, except possibly the youngest (the earliest Cretaceous Shasta Bally belt), were emplaced before the Klamath Mountains terranes finally accreted to North America.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0013-7952(89)90040-9","issn":"00137952","usgsCitation":"Irwin, W., 1989, Cryptic tectonic domains of the Klamath Mountains, California and Oregon: Engineering Geology, v. 27, no. 1-4, p. 433-448, https://doi.org/10.1016/0013-7952(89)90040-9.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"433","endPage":"448","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222887,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Klamath Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -124.2944405473983,\n 43.19993038372647\n ],\n [\n -124.2944405473983,\n 40.04733919765289\n ],\n [\n -121.21826867239817,\n 40.04733919765289\n ],\n [\n -121.21826867239817,\n 43.19993038372647\n ],\n [\n -124.2944405473983,\n 43.19993038372647\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"27","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fcf6e4b0c8380cd4e548","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Irwin, W. P.","contributorId":82347,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irwin","given":"W. P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372514,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016087,"text":"70016087 - 1989 - High-precision UPb ages of metamorphic rutile: Application to the cooling history of high-grade terranes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-09T15:32:27.318251","indexId":"70016087","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1427,"text":"Earth and Planetary Science Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"High-precision UPb ages of metamorphic rutile: Application to the cooling history of high-grade terranes","docAbstract":"Metamorphic rutiles occurring in granulite and upper amphibolite facies metapelitic rocks of the Archean Pikwitonei granulite domain (Manitoba) and the Proterozoic Adirondack terrane (New York) give concordant and near concordant U![\"single](\"https://sdfestaticassets-us-east-1.sciencedirectassets.com/shared-assets/55/entities/sbnd.gif\")
Pb ages. The Pb concentrations in rutile range from 2.85 to 168 ppm, U concentrations range from 10.9 to 390 ppm and the measured 206Pb/204Pb ratios range from 182 to 22,100 corresponding to 238U/204Pb ratios of 398–75,100. The proportions of radiogenic208Pb are very low, ranging from 0.0 to 6.9% of total radiogenic Pb.
The habits of the rutile crystals range from stubby to acicular, the physical properties vary from opaque/black to transparent/reddish-brown. Separate batches of black and reddish-brown rutile grains from the same samples have similar U and Pb concentrations, Pb-isotope ratios, and yield the same U/Pb ages within analytical uncertainty. No correlation of U concentration and 206Pb/204Pb ratios with morphology or color of the rutiles was observed among the samples analyzed.
Most rutiles yield concordant UPb ages which are reproducible within analytical uncertainty, i.e. generally ±2 Ma. The UPb ages for prograde rutile are younger than the time of peak metamorphism given by UPb ages for garnet and zircon, and also younger than UPb ages for sphene and monazite, and 40Ar/39Ar and KAr ages for hornblende but older than 40Ar/39Ar and KAr ages for biotite from the same area. This suggests that the rutile ages reflect cooling below closure temperatures.
Within a single hand-specimen, and thus for an identical thermal history, larger rutile grains give older ages than do smaller grains. This suggests that volume diffusion is the most probable mechanism responsible for the ages being younger than the time of peak metamorphism. It also suggests that the dimensions for such diffusion are directly related to the dimensions of the rutile crystal and not to the dimensions of sub-grain domains, as is the case for Ar diffusion in hornblende and feldspar. The concordant UPb ages as well as the similar ages over a large area suggest that rutile has a well-defined temperature of closure. At a cooling rate of about 0.5–1°C/Ma the closure temperature for UPb diffusion in rutile is about 420°C for grains with a radius of 0.009–0.021 cm, and about 380°C for grains with a radius of 0.007–0.009 cm.
UPb rutile ages obtained on different grain sizes indicate a cooling rate of about 0.5°C/Ma for the Pikwitonei granulite domain at 2460-2300 Ma. UPb ages for rutile thus provide high-precision ages for evaluating the cooling history of high-grade terranes and can be critical to the quantitative development of thermal models for crustal evolution.
More knowledge is needed about the physical processes that control the transport of fine sediment moving over an alluvial bed. The knowledge is needed to design rational sampling and monitoring programs that assess the transport and fate of toxic substances in surface waters because the toxics are often associated with silt- and clay-sized particles. This technical note reviews some of the past research in areas that may contribute to an increased understanding of the processes involved. An alluvial streambed can have a large capacity to store fine sediments that are extracted from the flow when instream concentrations are high and it can gradually release fine sediment to the flow when the instream concentrations are low. Several types of storage mechanisms are available depending on the relative size distribution of the suspended load and bed material, as well as the flow hydraulics. Alluvial flow tends to segregate the deposited material according to size and density. Some of the storage locations are temporary, but some can store the fine sediment for very long periods of time.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR025i001p00135","usgsCitation":"Jobson, H.E., and Carey, W.P., 1989, Interaction of fine sediment with alluvial streambeds: Water Resources Research, v. 25, no. 1, p. 135-140, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR025i001p00135.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"140","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223288,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"25","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3cb2e4b0c8380cd62f65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jobson, Harvey E.","contributorId":27032,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jobson","given":"Harvey","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carey, William P.","contributorId":69556,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carey","given":"William","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":372073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016063,"text":"70016063 - 1989 - Regional Jurassic geologic framework of Alabama coastal waters area and adjacent Federal waters area","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-10-03T10:56:02.710547","indexId":"70016063","displayToPublicDate":"1989-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1989","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2667,"text":"Marine Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Regional Jurassic geologic framework of Alabama coastal waters area and adjacent Federal waters area","docAbstract":"