Principal components of water reuse systems include ammonia removal, disease control, temperature control, aeration, and particulate filtration. Effective ammonia removal techniques include air stripping, ion exchange, and biofiltration. Selection of a particular technique largely depends on site-specific requirements (e.g., space, existing water quality, and fish densities). Disease control, although often overlooked, is a major problem in reuse systems. Pathogens can be controlled most effectively with ultraviolet radiation, ozone, or chlorine. Simple and inexpensive methods are available to increase oxygen concentration and eliminate gas supersaturation, these include commercial aerators, air injectors, and packed columns. Temperature control is a major advantage of reuse systems, but the equipment required can be expensive, particularly if water temperature must be rigidly controlled and ambient air temperature fluctuates. Filtration can be readily accomplished with a hydrocyclone or sand filter that increases overall system efficiency. Based on criteria of adaptability, efficiency, and reasonable cost, we recommend components for a small water reuse system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bureau of Fisheries, U.S. Department of Commerce","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1988)050<0001:WRSARO>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Lucchetti, G., and Gray, G., 1988, Water reuse systems: A review of the principal components: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 50, no. 1, p. 1-6, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1988)050<0001:WRSARO>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"6","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314218,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"569623dde4b039675d00a3bb","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucchetti, G.","contributorId":152176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lucchetti","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588389,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, G.A.","contributorId":152182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588390,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70162048,"text":"70162048 - 1988 - Use of a portable electric barrier to estimate Chinook salmon escapement in a turbid Alaskan river","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-10-16T15:16:02.993246","indexId":"70162048","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of a portable electric barrier to estimate Chinook salmon escapement in a turbid Alaskan river","docAbstract":"We developed a portable electric barrier to aid in the capture of adult chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha undergoing spawning migrations up a turbid stream in south-central Alaska. In 1981, we tagged and released 157 chinook salmon after diverting them from the main-stem Killey River into a conventional trap with the aid of the electric barrier. On the basis of returns of tagged salmon to Benjamin Creek, a clear-water tributary of the upper Killey River, we estimated spawners in the drainage to number 8,000 fish. Two different statistical approaches to the mark–recapture data yielded similar estimates. Through several modifications of the electric barrier, we were able to reduce mortality associated with the barrier's use.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(1988)008<0475:UOAPEB>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Palmisano, A., and Burger, C.V., 1988, Use of a portable electric barrier to estimate Chinook salmon escapement in a turbid Alaskan river: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 8, no. 4, p. 475-480, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1988)008<0475:UOAPEB>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"475","endPage":"480","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314226,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Benjamin Creek, Killey River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150.11306762695312,\n 60.42402131894633\n ],\n [\n -150.00045776367188,\n 60.42402131894633\n ],\n [\n -150.00045776367188,\n 60.4810779702316\n ],\n [\n -150.11306762695312,\n 60.4810779702316\n ],\n [\n -150.11306762695312,\n 60.42402131894633\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"8","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"569623dce4b039675d00a3b9","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmisano, A.","contributorId":54368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Palmisano","given":"A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Burger, C. V.","contributorId":58219,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Burger","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70162042,"text":"70162042 - 1988 - Prototype water reuse system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-12T13:08:40","indexId":"70162042","displayToPublicDate":"2016-01-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Prototype water reuse system","docAbstract":"A small-scale water reuse system (150 L/min) was developed to create an environment for observing fish under a variety of temperature regimes. Key concerns of disease control, water quality, temperature control, and efficiency and case of operation were addressed. Northern squawfish (Ptychocheilus oregonensis) were held at loading densities ranging from 0.11 to 0.97 kg/L per minute and at temperatures from 10 to 20°C for 6 months with no disease problems or degradation ofwater quality in the system. The system required little maintenance during 2 years of operation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Bureau of Fisheries, U.S. Department of Commerce","doi":"10.1577/1548-8640(1988)050<0046:TNPWRS>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Lucchetti, G., and Gray, G., 1988, Prototype water reuse system: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 50, no. 1, p. 46-49, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8640(1988)050<0046:TNPWRS>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"46","endPage":"49","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314219,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"569623d9e4b039675d00a3b3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lucchetti, G.","contributorId":152176,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lucchetti","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588391,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, G.A.","contributorId":152182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588392,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70162032,"text":"70162032 - 1988 - Use of diagnostic bones to identify and estimate original lengths of ingested prey fishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-12T11:35:39","indexId":"70162032","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of diagnostic bones to identify and estimate original lengths of ingested prey fishes","docAbstract":"We examined and measured cleithra, dentaries, opercles, and pharyngeal arches – bones found to persist during digestion of most prey fish – to identify 24 prey fish species and back-calculate their original fork length. Eighteen of the 24 species examined could be easily distinguished; however, for certain congenerics, identification was neither consistent nor reliable for all bones within the size ranges examined. Relations between bone length and fish length were linear for 14 species for which the sample sizes were adequate (N > 30); coefficients of determination (r 2) ranged from 0.79 to 0.99. Diagnostic characteristics and measurements of these bones provided reliable identification of genera and species and estimates of original fork lengths of partly digested prey fish from three predators. This method, compared with that of examining only prey fish in a measurable condition, greatly increased the amount of dietary information available from gut analysis.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1988)117<0055:UODBTI>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hansel, H., Duke, S., Lofy, P., and Gray, G., 1988, Use of diagnostic bones to identify and estimate original lengths of ingested prey fishes: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 117, no. 1, p. 55-62, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1988)117<0055:UODBTI>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"55","endPage":"62","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314215,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"569631cee4b039675d00a3fa","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hansel, H.C.","contributorId":34624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hansel","given":"H.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588377,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duke, S.D.","contributorId":152180,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duke","given":"S.D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588378,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lofy, P.T.","contributorId":152181,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lofy","given":"P.T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588379,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Gray, G.A.","contributorId":152182,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gray","given":"G.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588380,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70162106,"text":"70162106 - 1988 - Growth and longevity of the cui-ui and longevity of other catostomids and cyprinids in western North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-13T10:34:16","indexId":"70162106","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Growth and longevity of the cui-ui and longevity of other catostomids and cyprinids in western North America","docAbstract":"Annulus formation on opercula of the cui-ui Chasmistes cujus in Pyramid Lake, Nevada, was validated over an 8-year interval. Many fish were old, as old as 41 years of age, As many as three annuli were hidden (covered by supporting bone) in older fish. Growth was rapid during the first 10 years, slow from 10 to 20 years, and extremely slow or nil after 20 years. Age and growth were strongly correlated for about the first 10 years of life, but less so when fish became sexually mature. Examination of opercula of 15 additional species of large catostomids and cyprinids of western North America revealed that they were older than had previously been thought.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1988)117<0301:GALOTC>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Scoppettone, G., and Coleman, M., 1988, Growth and longevity of the cui-ui and longevity of other catostomids and cyprinids in western North America: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 117, no. 3, p. 301-307, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1988)117<0301:GALOTC>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"301","endPage":"307","numberOfPages":"7","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314266,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5697833ce4b039675d00a6e3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Scoppettone, G.G.","contributorId":22793,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scoppettone","given":"G.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588560,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Coleman, M.E.","contributorId":152230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coleman","given":"M.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70162105,"text":"70162105 - 1988 - Relation between distance transferred from natal stream and recovery rate for hatchery coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-13T10:25:35","indexId":"70162105","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2886,"text":"North American Journal of Fisheries Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Relation between distance transferred from natal stream and recovery rate for hatchery coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch","docAbstract":"Distance transferred from the natal stream was negatively related to recovery rate (recruits per gram of juveniles released) for hatchery-reared coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch. This relation, which reflects the important influence of genetic adaptation and genetic differences among stocks on recovery rates and survival, should be useful in deciding whether or not to transfer fish.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8675(1988)008<0172:RBDTFN>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Reisenbichler, R., 1988, Relation between distance transferred from natal stream and recovery rate for hatchery coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch: North American Journal of Fisheries Management, v. 8, no. 2, p. 172-174, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8675(1988)008<0172:RBDTFN>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"172","endPage":"174","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314265,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56978340e4b039675d00a6f6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reisenbichler, R.R.","contributorId":77356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reisenbichler","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588559,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70162288,"text":"70162288 - 1988 - Correlation of biological characteristics of smolts with survival and travel time. Annual report 1987","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-20T12:21:41","indexId":"70162288","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3,"text":"Annual Report","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"title":"Correlation of biological characteristics of smolts with survival and travel time. Annual report 1987","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","doi":"10.2172/6654459","usgsCitation":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1988, Correlation of biological characteristics of smolts with survival and travel time. Annual report 1987: Annual Report, xi, 109, https://doi.org/10.2172/6654459.","productDescription":"xi, 109","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":486855,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/6654459","text":"External Repository"},{"id":314523,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oregon, Washington","otherGeospatial":"Columbia River, Snake River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.72753906249999,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -125.72753906249999,\n 49.28214015975995\n ],\n [\n -116.89453125,\n 49.28214015975995\n ],\n [\n -116.89453125,\n 42.09822241118974\n ],\n [\n -125.72753906249999,\n 42.09822241118974\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","publicComments":"Project No. 87-406\nContract No. DE-AI79-87BP35245","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a0bdc6e4b0961cf280dc15"} ,{"id":70162029,"text":"70162029 - 1988 - Effects of food deprivation on the larvae of two flatfishes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-12T10:32:43","indexId":"70162029","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-12T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2663,"text":"Marine Ecology Progress Series","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of food deprivation on the larvae of two flatfishes","docAbstract":"For greatest survival, first-feeding halibut Paralichthys californicus and diamond turbot Hypsopsetta guttulata required food by the day of total yolk absorption. Some halibut larvae survived if fed 1 or 2 d after yolk depletion, but their growth rate was significantly less than larvae fed earlier. Survival of 3-wk-old larvae was greater in treatments with shorter starvation periods. A small percentage of 3-wk-old halibut larvae recovered from a maximum starvation period of 4 d while 3-wk-old diamond turbot successfully resumed feeding any time during food deprivation intervals lasting up to 9 d. Longer periods of starvation resulted in significant morphological differences – diamond turbot starved longer were not only smaller, but also less developed. In the field, larvae may experience varying periods of food deprivation due to differing spatial and temporal prey patch distributions. Our results demonstrate that differences in starvation resistance, and possibly mortality under patchy feeding conditions, are ontogenetic and species-specific.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","usgsCitation":"Gadomski, D., and Petersen, J., 1988, Effects of food deprivation on the larvae of two flatfishes: Marine Ecology Progress Series, v. 44, p. 103-111.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"111","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314213,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314212,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.int-res.com/abstracts/meps/v44/"}],"volume":"44","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"569631c6e4b039675d00a3d3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gadomski, D.M.","contributorId":37101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gadomski","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588374,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petersen, J.H.","contributorId":72154,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petersen","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588375,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70162045,"text":"70162045 - 1988 - Predation of Karluk River sockeye salmon by coho salmon and char","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T18:09:01","indexId":"70162045","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1663,"text":"Fishery Bulletin","printIssn":"0090-0656","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Predation of Karluk River sockeye salmon by coho salmon and char","docAbstract":"The number of sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka, in Alaska's Karluk River (Fig. 1) declined from millions to thousands during the early part of the present century. Rounsefell (1958) discussed alternative explanations for the decline including a general loss offertility ofthe system as the number of salmon carcasses declined, competition, overfishing, subtle changes in climate, and predation; he concluded that the combined effect of predation and fishing was the most probable explanation. Later, Van Cleave and Bevan (1973) suggested that the weir constructed in the river each year to facilitate counting the fish as they entered the system was the most probable cause ofthe decline. Itprevented free movement of both adults and juveniles in the river. All of these hypotheses remain as potential explanations for the decline
","language":"English","publisher":"National Marine Fisheries Service","usgsCitation":"McIntyre, J., Reisenbichler, R., Emlen, J., Wilmot, R., and Finn, J., 1988, Predation of Karluk River sockeye salmon by coho salmon and char: Fishery Bulletin, v. 86, no. 3, p. 611-616.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"611","endPage":"616","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314223,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://fishbull.noaa.gov/863/mcintyre.pdf","text":"pdf"},{"id":314225,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":314224,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://fishbull.noaa.gov/863/863toc.htm"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska ","otherGeospatial":"Karluk Lake, Karluk River, Kodiak Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -155.423583984375,\n 56.87899917413543\n ],\n [\n -155.423583984375,\n 57.58066944459514\n ],\n [\n -153.12744140624997,\n 57.58066944459514\n ],\n [\n -153.12744140624997,\n 56.87899917413543\n ],\n [\n -155.423583984375,\n 56.87899917413543\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"86","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"569631c9e4b039675d00a3e8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIntyre, J.D.","contributorId":27006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588396,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Reisenbichler, R.R.","contributorId":77356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reisenbichler","given":"R.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588397,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Emlen, J.M.","contributorId":63979,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Emlen","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588398,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wilmot, R.L.","contributorId":97662,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilmot","given":"R.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588399,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Finn, J.E.","contributorId":8795,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Finn","given":"J.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588400,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70162051,"text":"70162051 - 1988 - Radioimmunoassay of salmon growth hormone (GH) using recombinant chum salmon GH","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-12T14:19:58","indexId":"70162051","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":749,"text":"American Zoologist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radioimmunoassay of salmon growth hormone (GH) using recombinant chum salmon GH","docAbstract":"Abstract not available
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology","usgsCitation":"Palmisano, A., Swanson, P., Kawauchi, H., Moriyama, S., and Dickhoff, W.W., 1988, Radioimmunoassay of salmon growth hormone (GH) using recombinant chum salmon GH: American Zoologist, v. 28, no. 4.","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314227,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"28","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"569631cbe4b039675d00a3ee","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Palmisano, A.N.","contributorId":152185,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Palmisano","given":"A.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Swanson, P.","contributorId":152188,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Swanson","given":"P.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kawauchi, H.","contributorId":152187,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kawauchi","given":"H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moriyama, S.","contributorId":57408,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moriyama","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dickhoff, Walton W.","contributorId":85133,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dickhoff","given":"Walton","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588408,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70162034,"text":"70162034 - 1988 - Vaccination against infectious hematopoietic necrosis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-12T11:58:19","indexId":"70162034","displayToPublicDate":"2015-10-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"chapter":"15","title":"Vaccination against infectious hematopoietic necrosis","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Fish Vaccination","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Academic Press","isbn":"0122374851","usgsCitation":"Leong, J., Fryer, J.L., and Winton, J., 1988, Vaccination against infectious hematopoietic necrosis, chap. 15 of Fish Vaccination, p. 193-203.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"193","endPage":"203","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314216,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"569631cee4b039675d00a3fc","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ellis, A.E.","contributorId":152184,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ellis","given":"A.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588384,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Leong, J.C.","contributorId":152183,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leong","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25665,"text":"Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":588381,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Fryer, J. L.","contributorId":21900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fryer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588382,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Winton, J. R. 0000-0002-3505-5509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":82441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588383,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70162107,"text":"70162107 - 1988 - Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies recognize antigenic variants among isolates of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-12-08T01:37:04.467736","indexId":"70162107","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1396,"text":"Diseases of Aquatic Organisms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies recognize antigenic variants among isolates of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus","docAbstract":"eutralizing monoclonal antibodies were developed against strains of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) from steelhead trout Salmo gairdneri in the Deschutes River of Oregon, chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Sacramento River of California, and rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri reared in the Hagerman Valley of Idaho, USA. These antibodies were tested for neutralization of 12 IHNV isolates obtained from salmonids in Japan, Alaska, Washington, Oregon, California, and Idaho. The antibodies recognized antigenic variants among the isolates and could be used to separate the viruses into 4 groups. The members of each group tended to be related by geographic area rather than by source host species, virulence, or date of isolation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Inter-Research","doi":"10.3354/DAO004199","usgsCitation":"Winton, J., Arakawa, C., Lannan, C., and Fryer, J.L., 1988, Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies recognize antigenic variants among isolates of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus: Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, v. 4, p. 199-204, https://doi.org/10.3354/DAO004199.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"199","endPage":"204","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314268,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5697833fe4b039675d00a6f3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Winton, J. R. 0000-0002-3505-5509","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3505-5509","contributorId":82441,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Winton","given":"J. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arakawa, C.N.","contributorId":152171,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Arakawa","given":"C.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lannan, C.N.","contributorId":152142,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lannan","given":"C.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fryer, J. L.","contributorId":21900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fryer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70162043,"text":"70162043 - 1988 - Selection to increase survival of smolts in four successive broods of coho salmon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-12T13:12:11","indexId":"70162043","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Selection to increase survival of smolts in four successive broods of coho salmon","docAbstract":"Survival from smolt to adult for full and half-sib families of coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch was used to identify families with the highest survival rates at Big Creek Salmon Hatchery in Oregon. Adult fish from families with high survival were bred selectively for four consecutive generations in an attempt to increase smolt survival. A significant improvement in survival in the select line compared to the control after two generations of selection was not maintained in subsequent generations. We concluded that selection was not an effective method for increasing survival of smolts released at Big Creek Hatchery.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1988)117<0090:NSTISO>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"McIntyre, J., Hemmingsen, A., and Simon, R., 1988, Selection to increase survival of smolts in four successive broods of coho salmon: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 117, no. 1, p. 90-92, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1988)117<0090:NSTISO>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"90","endPage":"92","numberOfPages":"3","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314222,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"569631cce4b039675d00a3f4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McIntyre, J.D.","contributorId":27006,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McIntyre","given":"J.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hemmingsen, A.R.","contributorId":84313,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hemmingsen","given":"A.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588394,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Simon, R.C.","contributorId":34454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simon","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":588395,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70162287,"text":"70162287 - 1988 - Potential hazard for spread of infectious disease by transplantation of fish","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-01-20T11:59:59","indexId":"70162287","displayToPublicDate":"2015-09-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Potential hazard for spread of infectious disease by transplantation of fish","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Salmon production, management, and allocation","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"language":"English","publisher":"Oregon State University Press","publisherLocation":"Corvallis, OR","isbn":"978-0870713545","usgsCitation":"Rohovec, J., Winton, J., and Fryer, J.L., 1988, Potential hazard for spread of infectious disease by transplantation of fish, chap. of Salmon production, management, and allocation, p. 171-175.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"175","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":314521,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"56a0bdcae4b0961cf280dc24","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McNeil, W.J.","contributorId":152332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McNeil","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":589116,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Rohovec, J. 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The work was done as part of a study to relate predator abundances and distribution to juvenile salmonid mortalities associated with dams. Northern Squawfish remained in protected shoreline areas in spring and early summer, when discharge rates were high, but moved close to the dam and the juvenile bypass outflow area in mid to late summer, when discharge rates were low. Trends in northern Squawfish movements were similar during abrupt changes in discharge rate. During short-term closures of the spillway, when flow patterns were abruptly changed, four of five northern Squawfish moved out of protected areas and into the main river channel. Surface water velocities at 81 locations occupied by radio-tagged northern Squawfish in June to August 1985 ranged from 0 to 70 cm/s (mean, 24.5 cm/s). No preference within this range was evident, but the fish seemingly avoided areas of high current velocity, because they did not move into a substantial portion of the tailrace where water velocities exceeded 100 cm/s. Modification of structures to maintain high water velocities around bypass outflow areas should reduce potential predation on juvenile salmonids by northern squawfish.
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Chapter A provides a comprehensive, yet concise, review of the \"State of the Earth's Cryosphere at the Beginning of the 21st Century: Glaciers, Global Snow Cover, Floating Ice, and Permafrost and Periglacial Environments,\" and a \"Map/Poster of the Earth's Dynamic Cryosphere,\" and a set of eight \"Supplemental Cryosphere Notes\" about the Earth's Dynamic Cryosphere and the Earth System. The next 10 chapters, B through K, are arranged geographically and present glaciological information from Landsat and other sources of historic and modern data on each of the geographic areas. Chapter B covers Antarctica; Chapter C, Greenland; Chapter D, Iceland; Chapter E, Continental Europe (except for the European part of the former Soviet Union), including the Alps, the Pyrenees, Norway, Sweden, Svalbard (Norway), and Jan Mayen (Norway); Chapter F, Asia, including the European part of the former Soviet Union, China, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Bhutan; Chapter G, Turkey, Iran, and Africa; Chapter H, Irian Jaya (Indonesia) and New Zealand; Chapter I, South America; Chapter J, North America (excluding Alaska); and Chapter K, Alaska. 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