Heterogeneity in host susceptibility is a key determinant of infectious disease dynamics but is rarely accounted for in assessment of disease control measures. Understanding how susceptibility is distributed in populations, and how control measures change this distribution, is integral to predicting the course of epidemics with and without interventions. Using multiple experimental and modeling approaches, we show that rainbow trout have relatively homogeneous susceptibility to infection with infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus and that vaccination increases heterogeneity in susceptibility in a nearly all-or-nothing fashion. In a simple transmission model with an R0 of 2, the highly heterogeneous vaccine protection would cause a 35 percentage-point reduction in outbreak size over an intervention inducing homogenous protection at the same mean level. More broadly, these findings provide validation of methodology that can help to reduce biases in predictions of vaccine impact in natural settings and provide insight into how vaccination shapes population susceptibility.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/mBio.00796-17","usgsCitation":"Langwig, K.E., Wargo, A.R., Jones, D.R., Viss, J.R., Rutan, B.J., Egan, N.A., Sa-Guimaraes, P., Kim, M.S., Kurath, G., Gomes, M.G., and Lipsitch, M., 2017, Vaccine effects on heterogeneity in susceptibility and implications for population health management: mBio, v. 8, no. 6, p. 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00796-17.","productDescription":" e00796-17; 13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"13","onlineOnly":"N","ipdsId":"IP-082928","costCenters":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469304,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/mbio.00796-17","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349869,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb02e4b06e28e9c22b05","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Bansal, Shweta","contributorId":168595,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bansal","given":"Shweta","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":25339,"text":"Dep't of Biology, Georgetown U., Washington D.C., NIH, Bethesda, MD","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":724691,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Pettigrew, Melinda M.","contributorId":201230,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pettigrew","given":"Melinda","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724692,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Langwig, Kate E.","contributorId":127717,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Langwig","given":"Kate","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":724562,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wargo, Andrew R.","contributorId":201137,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wargo","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724563,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Jones, Darbi R.","contributorId":201191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jones","given":"Darbi","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724564,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Viss, Jessie R.","contributorId":201192,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Viss","given":"Jessie","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724565,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rutan, Barbara J.","contributorId":201193,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rutan","given":"Barbara","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724566,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Egan, Nicholas A.","contributorId":201194,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Egan","given":"Nicholas","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Sa-Guimaraes, Pedro","contributorId":201195,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sa-Guimaraes","given":"Pedro","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kim, Min Sun","contributorId":201196,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kim","given":"Min","email":"","middleInitial":"Sun","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Kurath, Gael 0000-0003-3294-560X gkurath@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-560X","contributorId":2629,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kurath","given":"Gael","email":"gkurath@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":724561,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gomes, M. Gabriela M.","contributorId":201197,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gomes","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"Gabriela M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Lipsitch, Marc","contributorId":201198,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lipsitch","given":"Marc","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":724571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11}]}} ,{"id":70192132,"text":"ofr20171132 - 2017 - An expert elicitation process to project the frequency and magnitude of Florida manatee mortality events caused by red tide (Karenia brevis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-21T11:28:07","indexId":"ofr20171132","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-20T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"2017-1132","displayTitle":"An expert elicitation process to project the frequency and magnitude of Florida manatee mortality events caused by red tide (Karenia brevis)","title":"An expert elicitation process to project the frequency and magnitude of Florida manatee mortality events caused by red tide (Karenia brevis)","docAbstract":"Red tides (blooms of the harmful alga Karenia brevis) are one of the major sources of mortality for the Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris), especially in southwest Florida. It has been hypothesized that the frequency and severity of red tides may increase in the future because of global climate change and other factors. To improve our ecological forecast for the effects of red tides on manatee population dynamics and long-term persistence, we conducted a formal expert judgment process to estimate probability distributions for the frequency and relative magnitude of red-tide-related manatee mortality (RTMM) events over a 100-year time horizon in three of the four regions recognized as manatee management units in Florida. This information was used to update a population viability analysis for the Florida manatee (the Core Biological Model). We convened a panel of 12 experts in manatee biology or red-tide ecology; the panel met to frame, conduct, and discuss the elicitation. Each expert provided a best estimate and plausible low and high values (bounding a confidence level of 80 percent) for each parameter in each of three regions (Northwest, Southwest, and Atlantic) of the subspecies’ range (excluding the Upper St. Johns River region) for two time periods (0−40 and 41−100 years from present). We fitted probability distributions for each parameter, time period, and expert by using these three elicited values. We aggregated the parameter estimates elicited from individual experts and fitted a parametric distribution to the aggregated results.
Across regions, the experts expected the future frequency of RTMM events to be higher than historical levels, which is consistent with the hypothesis that global climate change (among other factors) may increase the frequency of red-tide blooms. The experts articulated considerable uncertainty, however, about the future frequency of RTMM events. The historical frequency of moderate and intense RTMM (combined) in the Southwest region was 0.35 (80-percent confidence interval [CI]: 0.21−0.52), whereas the forecast probability was 0.48 (80-percent CI: 0.30−0.64) over a 40-year projected time horizon. Moderate and intense RTMM events are expected to continue to be most frequent in the Southwest region, to increase in mean frequency in the Northwest region (historical frequency of moderate and intense RTMM events [combined] in the Northwest region was 0, whereas the forecast probability was 0.12 [80-percent CI: 0.02−0.39] over a 40-year projected time horizon) and in the Atlantic region (historical frequency of moderate and intense RTMM events [combined] in the Atlantic region was 0.05 [80-percent CI: 0.005–0.18], whereas the forecast probability was 0.11 [80-percent CI: 0.03−0.25] over a 40-year projected time horizon), and to remain absent from the Upper St. Johns River region.
The impact of red-tide blooms on manatee mortality has been measured for the Southwest region but not for the Northwest and Atlantic regions, where such events have been rare. The expert panel predicted that the median magnitude of RTMM events in the Atlantic and Northwest regions will be much smaller than that in the Southwest; given the large uncertainties, however, they acknowledged the possibility that these events could be larger in their mortality impacts than in the Southwest region.
By its nature, forecasting requires expert judgment because it is impossible to have empirical evidence about the future. The large uncertainties in parameter estimates over a 100-year timeframe are to be expected and may also indicate that the training provided to panelists successfully minimized one common pitfall of expert judgment, that of overconfidence. This study has provided useful and needed inputs to the Florida manatee population viability analysis associated with an important and recurrent source of mortality from harmful algal blooms.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/ofr20171132","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission","usgsCitation":"Martin, Julien, Runge, M.C., Flewelling, L.J., Deutsch, C.J., and Landsberg, J.H., 2017, An expert elicitation process to project the frequency and magnitude of Florida manatee mortality events caused by red tide (Karenia brevis): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2017–1132, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20171132.","productDescription":"Report: vi, 17 p.; Data Release","numberOfPages":"28","ipdsId":"IP-084079","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348904,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1132/ofr20171132.pdf","text":"Report","size":"725 kB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 2017–1132"},{"id":348905,"rank":3,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F78P5XQG","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"An expert elicitation process to project the frequency and magnitude of Florida manatee mortality events caused by red tide (Karenia brevis)"},{"id":348903,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2017/1132/coverthb.jpg"}],"contact":"Director, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center
U.S. Geological Survey
7920 NW 71St Street
Gainesville, FL 32653
Sediment management is a challenge faced by reservoir managers who have several potential options, including dredging, for mitigation of storage capacity lost to sedimentation. As sediment is removed from reservoir storage, potential use of the sediment for socioeconomic or ecological benefit could potentially defray some costs of its removal. Rivers that transport a sandy sediment load will deposit the sand load along a reservoir-headwaters reach where the current of the river slackens progressively as its bed approaches and then descends below the reservoir water level. Given a rare combination of factors, a reservoir deposit of alluvial sand has potential to be suitable for use as proppant for hydraulic fracturing in unconventional oil and gas development. In 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey began a program of researching potential sources of proppant sand from reservoirs, with an initial focus on the Missouri River subbasins that receive sand loads from the Nebraska Sand Hills. This report documents the methods and results of assessments of the suitability of river delta sediment as proppant for a pilot study area in the delta headwaters of Lewis and Clark Lake, Nebraska and South Dakota. Results from surface-geophysical surveys of electrical resistivity guided borings to collect 3.7-meter long cores at 25 sites on delta sandbars using the direct-push method to recover duplicate, 3.8-centimeter-diameter cores in April 2015. In addition, the U.S. Geological Survey collected samples of upstream sand sources in the lower Niobrara River valley.
At the laboratory, samples were dried, weighed, washed, dried, and weighed again. Exploratory analysis of natural sand for determining its suitability as a proppant involved application of a modified subset of the standard protocols known as American Petroleum Institute (API) Recommended Practice (RP) 19C. The RP19C methods were not intended for exploration-stage evaluation of raw materials. Results for the washed samples are not directly applicable to evaluations of suitability for use as fracture sand because, except for particle-size distribution, the API-recommended practices for assessing proppant properties (sphericity, roundness, bulk density, and crush resistance) require testing of specific proppant size classes. An optical imaging particle-size analyzer was used to make measurements of particle-size distribution and particle shape. Measured samples were sieved to separate the dominant-size fraction, and the separated subsample was further tested for roundness, sphericity, bulk density, and crush resistance.
For the bulk washed samples collected from the Missouri River delta, the geometric mean size averaged 0.27 millimeters (mm), 80 percent of the samples were predominantly sand in the API 40/70 size class, and 17 percent were predominantly sand in the API 70/140 size class. Distributions of geometric mean size among the four sandbar complexes were similar, but samples collected from sandbar complex B were slightly coarser sand than those from the other three complexes. The average geometric mean sizes among the four sandbar complexes ranged only from 0.26 to 0.30 mm. For 22 main-stem sampling locations along the lower Niobrara River, geometric mean size averaged 0.26 mm, an average of 61 percent was sand in the API 40/70 size class, and 28 percent was sand in the API 70/140 size class. Average composition for lower Niobrara River samples was 48 percent medium sand, 37 percent fine sand, and about 7 percent each very fine sand and coarse sand fractions. On average, samples were moderately well sorted.
Particle shape and strength were assessed for the dominant-size class of each sample. For proppant strength, crush resistance was tested at a predetermined level of stress (34.5 megapascals [MPa], or 5,000 pounds-force per square inch). To meet the API minimum requirement for proppant, after the crush test not more than 10 percent of the tested sample should be finer than the precrush dominant-size class. For particle shape, all samples surpassed the recommended minimum criteria for sphericity and roundness, with most samples being well-rounded.
For proppant strength, of 57 crush-resistance tested Missouri River delta samples of 40/70-sized sand, 23 (40 percent) were interpreted as meeting the minimum criterion at 34.5 MPa, or 5,000 pounds-force per square inch. Of 12 tested samples of 70/140-sized sand, 9 (75 percent) of the Missouri River delta samples had less than 10 percent fines by volume following crush testing, achieving the minimum criterion at 34.5 MPa. Crush resistance for delta samples was strongest at sandbar complex A, where 67 percent of tested samples met the 10-percent fines criterion at the 34.5-MPa threshold. This frequency was higher than was indicated by samples from sandbar complexes B, C, and D that had rates of 50, 46, and 42 percent, respectively. The group of sandbar complex A samples also contained the largest percentages of samples dominated by the API 70/140 size class, which overall had a higher percentage of samples meeting the minimum criterion compared to samples dominated by coarser size classes; however, samples from sandbar complex A that had the API 40/70 size class tested also had a higher rate for meeting the minimum criterion (57 percent) than did samples from sandbar complexes B, C, and D (50, 43, and 40 percent, respectively).
For samples collected along the lower Niobrara River, of the 25 tested samples of 40/70-sized sand, 9 samples passed the API minimum criterion at 34.5 MPa, but only 3 samples passed the more-stringent criterion of 8 percent postcrush fines. All four tested samples of 70/140 sand passed the minimum criterion at 34.5 MPa, with postcrush fines percentage of at most 4.1 percent.
For two reaches of the lower Niobrara River, where hydraulic sorting was energized artificially by the hydraulic head drop at and immediately downstream from Spencer Dam, suitability of channel deposits for potential use as fracture sand was confirmed by test results. All reach A washed samples were well-rounded and had sphericity scores above 0.65, and samples for 80 percent of sampled locations met the crush-resistance criterion at the 34.5-MPa stress level. A conservative lower-bound estimate of sand volume in the reach A deposits was about 86,000 cubic meters. All reach B samples were well-rounded but sphericity averaged 0.63, a little less than the average for upstream reaches A and SP. All four samples tested passed the crush-resistance test at 34.5 MPa. Of three reach B sandbars, two had no more than 3 percent fines after the crush test, surpassing more stringent criteria for crush resistance that accept a maximum of 6 percent fines following the crush test for the API 70/140 size class.
Relative to the crush-resistance test results for the API 40/70 size fraction of two samples of mine output from Loup River settling-basin dredge spoils near Genoa, Nebr., four of five reach A sample locations compared favorably. The four samples had increases in fines composition of 1.6–5.9 percentage points, whereas fines in the two mine-output samples increased by an average 6.8 percentage points.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/sir20175105","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with Midwest Region Initiative on Natural Sources of Fracture Sand","usgsCitation":"Zelt, R.B., Hobza, C.M., Burton, B.L., Schaepe, N.J., and Piatak, Nadine, 2017, Suitability of river delta sediment as proppant, Missouri and Niobrara Rivers, Nebraska and South Dakota, 2015: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017–5105, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175105.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 51 p.; Tables: 4; Data Release","numberOfPages":"64","onlineOnly":"Y","additionalOnlineFiles":"Y","ipdsId":"IP-077776","costCenters":[{"id":245,"text":"Eastern Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":464,"text":"Nebraska Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348988,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5105/sir20175105.pdf","text":"Report","size":"5.51 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"SIR 2017–5105"},{"id":348987,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5105/coverthb2.jpg"},{"id":348989,"rank":3,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5105/sir20175105_table4.xlsx","text":"Table 4","size":"38.0 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2017–5105 Table 4"},{"id":348990,"rank":4,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5105/sir20175105_table5.xlsx","text":"Table 5","size":"26.6 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2017–5105 Table 5"},{"id":348991,"rank":5,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5105/sir20175105_table6.xlsx","text":"Table 6","size":"70.8 kB","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2017–5105 Table 6"},{"id":348992,"rank":6,"type":{"id":27,"text":"Table"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2017/5105/sir20175105_table9.xlsx","text":"Table 9","size":"75.0","linkFileType":{"id":3,"text":"xlsx"},"description":"SIR 2017–5105 Table 9"},{"id":348993,"rank":7,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F79W0CQB","text":"USGS data release","description":"USGS Data Release","linkHelpText":"Streambed sediment data for Missouri and Niobrara Rivers, Nebraska and South Dakota, 2015"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nebraska, South Dakota","otherGeospatial":"Missouri River, Niobrara River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -98.75,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -97.45,\n 42.5\n ],\n [\n -97.45,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -98.75,\n 43\n ],\n [\n -98.75,\n 42.5\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Director, Nebraska Water Science Center
U.S. Geological Survey
5231 South 19th Street
Lincoln, NE 68512
Despite its importance to a range of applied and fundamental studies, and obvious parallels to a robust network of magnetic-field observatories, long-term geoelectric field monitoring is rarely performed. The installation of a new geoelectric monitoring system at the Boulder magnetic observatory of the US Geological Survey is summarized. Data from the system are expected, among other things, to be used for testing and validating algorithms for mapping North American geoelectric fields. An example time series of recorded electric and magnetic fields during a modest magnetic storm is presented. Based on our experience, we additionally present operational aspects of a successful geoelectric field monitoring system.
","language":"English","publisher":"Copernicus Publications","doi":"10.5194/gi-2017-27","usgsCitation":"Blum, C., White, T., Sauter, E.A., Stewart, D., Bedrosian, P.A., and Love, J.J., 2017, Geoelectric monitoring at the Boulder magnetic observatory: Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems, v. 6, p. 447-452, https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2017-27.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"447","endPage":"452","ipdsId":"IP-088490","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469316,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5194/gi-2017-27","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":348869,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Boulder","volume":"6","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb11e4b06e28e9c22bb8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blum, Cletus","contributorId":197377,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Blum","given":"Cletus","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"White, Tim 0000-0002-3563-0649 ttwhite@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3563-0649","contributorId":2010,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"Tim","email":"ttwhite@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Sauter, Edward A. 0000-0001-7541-8506 esauter@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7541-8506","contributorId":3773,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sauter","given":"Edward","email":"esauter@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Stewart, Duff 0000-0001-6378-6600 dcstewart@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-6600","contributorId":3787,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stewart","given":"Duff","email":"dcstewart@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Bedrosian, Paul A. 0000-0002-6786-1038 pbedrosian@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1038","contributorId":839,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bedrosian","given":"Paul","email":"pbedrosian@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":211,"text":"Crustal Geophysics and Geochemistry Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":312,"text":"Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Love, Jeffrey J. 0000-0002-3324-0348 jlove@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3324-0348","contributorId":760,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Love","given":"Jeffrey","email":"jlove@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70194075,"text":"70194075 - 2017 - Grooming behaviors of black-tailed prairie dogs are influenced by flea parasitism, conspecifics, and proximity to refuge","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-15T10:54:56","indexId":"70194075","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1589,"text":"Ethology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Grooming behaviors of black-tailed prairie dogs are influenced by flea parasitism, conspecifics, and proximity to refuge","docAbstract":"Grooming is a common animal behavior that aids in ectoparasite defense. Ectoparasites can stimulate grooming, and natural selection can also favor endogenous mechanisms that evoke periodic bouts of “programmed” grooming to dislodge or kill ectoparasites before they bite or feed. Moreover, grooming can function as a displacement or communication behavior. We compared the grooming behaviors of adult female black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) on colonies with or without flea control via pulicide dust. Roughly 91% of the prairie dogs sampled on the non-dusted colony carried at least one flea, whereas we did not find fleas on two dusted colonies. During focal observations, prairie dogs on the non-dusted colony groomed at higher frequencies and for longer durations than prairie dogs on the dusted colonies, lending support to the hypothesis that fleas stimulated grooming. However, the reduced amount of time spent grooming on the dusted colonies suggested that approximately 25% of grooming might be attributed to factors other than direct stimulation from ectoparasites. Non-dusted colony prairie dogs rarely autogroomed when near each other. Dusted colony prairie dogs autogroomed for shorter durations when far from a burrow opening (refuge), suggesting a trade-off between self-grooming and antipredator defense. Allogrooming was detected only on the non-dusted colony and was limited to adult females grooming young pups. Grooming appears to serve an antiparasitic function in C. ludovicianus. Antiparasitic grooming might aid in defense against fleas that transmit the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis. Plague was introduced to North America ca. 1900 and now has a strong influence on most prairie dog populations, suggesting a magnified effect of grooming on prairie dog fitness.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/eth.12690","usgsCitation":"Eads, D.A., Biggins, D.E., and Eads, S.L., 2017, Grooming behaviors of black-tailed prairie dogs are influenced by flea parasitism, conspecifics, and proximity to refuge: Ethology, v. 123, no. 12, p. 924-932, https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.12690.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"924","endPage":"932","ipdsId":"IP-089455","costCenters":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438152,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F7S75FH5","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"Grooming behaviors of black-tailed prairie dogs in Phillips County, Montana, 2006"},{"id":348859,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"123","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb12e4b06e28e9c22bd3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Eads, David A. 0000-0002-4247-017X deads@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4247-017X","contributorId":173639,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eads","given":"David","email":"deads@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":722004,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Biggins, Dean E. 0000-0003-2078-671X bigginsd@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-671X","contributorId":2522,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Biggins","given":"Dean","email":"bigginsd@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":722005,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Eads, Samantha L.","contributorId":200343,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Eads","given":"Samantha","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":722006,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70194130,"text":"70194130 - 2017 - No evidence of critical slowing down in two endangered Hawaiian honeycreepers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-01-03T13:08:43","indexId":"70194130","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2980,"text":"PLoS ONE","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"No evidence of critical slowing down in two endangered Hawaiian honeycreepers","docAbstract":"There is debate about the current population trends and predicted short-term fates of the endangered forest birds, Hawai`i Creeper (Loxops mana) and Hawai`i `Ākepa (L. coccineus). Using long-term population size estimates, some studies report forest bird populations as stable or increasing, while other studies report signs of population decline or impending extinction associated with introduced Japanese White-eye (Zosterops japonicus) increase. Reliable predictors of impending population collapse, well before the collapse begins, have been reported in simulations and microcosm experiments. In these studies, statistical indicators of critical slowing down, a phenomenon characterized by longer recovery rates after population size perturbation, are reported to be early warning signals of an impending regime shift observable prior to the tipping point. While the conservation applications of these metrics are commonly discussed, early warning signal detection methods are rarely applied to population size data from natural populations, so their efficacy and utility in species management remain unclear. We evaluated two time series of state-space abundance estimates (1987–2012) from Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge, Hawai`i to test for evidence of early warning signals of impending population collapse for the Hawai`i Creeper and Hawai`i `Ākepa. We looked for signals throughout the time series, and prior to 2000, when white-eye abundance began increasing. We found no evidence for either species of increasing variance, autocorrelation, or skewness, which are commonly reported early warning signals. We calculated linear rather than ordinary skewness because the latter is biased, particularly for small sample sizes. Furthermore, we identified break-points in trends over time for both endangered species, indicating shifts in slopes away from strongly increasing trends, but they were only weakly supported by Bayesian change-point analyses (i.e., no step-wise changes in abundance). The break-point and change-point test results, in addition to the early warning signal analyses, support that the two populations do not appear to show signs of critical slowing down or decline.
","language":"English","publisher":"PLOS","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0187518","usgsCitation":"Rozek, J.C., Camp, R.J., and Reed, J.M., 2017, No evidence of critical slowing down in two endangered Hawaiian honeycreepers: PLoS ONE, v. 12, no. 11, p. 1-18, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187518.","productDescription":"e0187518; 18 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"18","ipdsId":"IP-079982","costCenters":[{"id":521,"text":"Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469324,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187518","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":349028,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawai'i","city":"Hakalau","volume":"12","issue":"11","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-13","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5a60fb13e4b06e28e9c22be8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rozek, Jessica C. 0000-0002-8099-8557","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8099-8557","contributorId":200428,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Rozek","given":"Jessica","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722281,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Camp, Richard J. 0000-0001-7008-923X rick_camp@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7008-923X","contributorId":116175,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Camp","given":"Richard","email":"rick_camp@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722280,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reed, J. Michael","contributorId":198605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Reed","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":722282,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70192627,"text":"70192627 - 2017 - Safari Science: Assessing the reliability of citizen science data for wildlife surveys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T16:04:24","indexId":"70192627","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2163,"text":"Journal of Applied Ecology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Safari Science: Assessing the reliability of citizen science data for wildlife surveys","docAbstract":"Floodplain lakes are important wetlands on many lowland floodplains of the world but depressional floodplain lakes are rare in the Mississippi River Alluvial Valley. One of the largest is Catahoula Lake, which has existed with seasonally fluctuating water levels for several thousand years but is now in an increasingly hydrologically altered floodplain. Woody vegetation has been encroaching into the lake bed and the rate of this expansion has increased since major human hydrologic modifications, such as channelization, levee construction, and dredging for improvement of navigation, but it remains unknown what role those modifications may have played in altering lake sedimentation processes. Profiles of thirteen 137Cs sediment cores indicate sedimentation has been about 0.26 cm y− 1 over the past 60 years and has been near this rate since land use changes began about 200 years ago (210Pb, and 14C in Tedford, 2009). Carbon sequestration was low (10.4 g m− 2 y− 1), likely because annual drying promotes mineralization and export. Elemental composition (high Zr and Ti and low Ca and K) and low pH of recent (<~60 y) or surface sediments suggest Gulf Coastal Plain origin, but below the recent sediment deposits, 51% of sediment profiles showed influence of Mississippi River alluvium, rich in base cations such as K+, Ca2 +, and Mg2 +. The recent shift to dominance of Coastal Plain sediments on the lake-bed surface suggests hydrologic modification has disconnected the lake from sediment-bearing flows from the Mississippi River. Compared to its condition prior to hydrologic alterations that intensified in the 1930s, Catahoula Lake is about 15 cm shallower and surficial sediments are more acidic. Although these results are not sufficient to attribute ecological changes directly to sedimentological changes, it is likely the altered sedimentary and hydrologic environment is contributing to the increased dominance of woody vegetation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.catena.2017.04.020","usgsCitation":"Latuso, K.D., Keim, R.F., King, S.L., Weindorf, D.C., and DeLaune, R.D., 2017, Sediment deposition and sources into a Mississippi River floodplain lake; Catahoula Lake, Louisiana: Catena, v. 156, p. 290-297, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2017.04.020.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"290","endPage":"297","ipdsId":"IP-061448","costCenters":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348169,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","otherGeospatial":"Catahoula Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -92.1697998046875,\n 31.42749129448044\n ],\n [\n -92.04277038574219,\n 31.502458420817206\n ],\n [\n -91.99607849121094,\n 31.552793227677334\n ],\n [\n -91.99745178222656,\n 31.613626970322684\n ],\n [\n -92.06748962402344,\n 31.610703179979982\n ],\n [\n -92.12448120117188,\n 31.577950455417472\n ],\n [\n -92.17666625976562,\n 31.52411741833466\n ],\n [\n -92.22198486328125,\n 31.48313670206181\n ],\n [\n -92.23915100097656,\n 31.454439514853256\n ],\n [\n -92.22335815429688,\n 31.433350262414404\n ],\n [\n -92.19863891601562,\n 31.42749129448044\n ],\n [\n -92.1697998046875,\n 31.42749129448044\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"156","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":8,"text":"Raleigh PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fd8027e4b0531197b5013b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Latuso, Karen D.","contributorId":113984,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Latuso","given":"Karen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720022,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Keim, Richard F.","contributorId":117125,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Keim","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720023,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"King, Sammy L. 0000-0002-5364-6361 sking@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5364-6361","contributorId":557,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"Sammy","email":"sking@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":198,"text":"Coop Res Unit Atlanta","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":720024,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Weindorf, David C.","contributorId":140924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Weindorf","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":27688,"text":"Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720025,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"DeLaune, Ronald D.","contributorId":61581,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"DeLaune","given":"Ronald","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5115,"text":"Louisiana State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":720026,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70193559,"text":"70193559 - 2017 - Home range, den selection and habitat use of Carolina northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-02T15:47:54","indexId":"70193559","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3777,"text":"Wildlife Research","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Home range, den selection and habitat use of Carolina northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus)","title":"Home range, den selection and habitat use of Carolina northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus)","docAbstract":"Context: Understanding habitat selection is important for determining conservation and management strategies for endangered species. The Carolina northern flying squirrel (CNFS; Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) is an endangered subspecies found in the high-elevation montane forests of the southern Appalachians, USA. The primary use of nest boxes to monitor CNFS has provided biased information on habitat use for this subspecies, as nest boxes are typically placed in suitable denning habitat.
Aims: We conducted a radio-telemetry study on CNFS to determine home range, den site selection and habitat use at multiple spatial scales.
Methods: We radio-collared 21 CNFS in 2012 and 2014–15. We tracked squirrels to diurnal den sites and during night-time activity.
Key results: The MCP (minimum convex polygon) home range at 95% for males was 5.2 ± 1.2 ha and for females was 4.0 ± 0.7. The BRB (biased random bridge) home range at 95% for males was 10.8 ± 3.8 ha and for females was 8.3 ± 2.1. Den site (n = 81) selection occurred more frequently in montane conifer dominate forests (81.4%) vs northern hardwood forests or conifer–northern hardwood forests (9.9% and 8.7%, respectively). We assessed habitat selection using Euclidean distance-based analysis at the 2nd order and 3rd order scale. We found that squirrels were non-randomly selecting for habitat at both 2nd and 3rd order scales.
Conclusions: At both spatial scales, CNFS preferentially selected for montane conifer forests more than expected based on availability on the landscape. Squirrels selected neither for nor against northern hardwood forests, regardless of availability on the landscape. Additionally, CNFS denned in montane conifer forests more than other habitat types.
Implications: Our results highlight the importance of montane conifer to CNFS in the southern Appalachians. Management and restoration activities that increase the quality, connectivity and extent of this naturally rare forest type may be important for long-term conservation of this subspecies, especially with the impending threat of anthropogenic climate change.
","language":"English","publisher":"Csiro Publishing","doi":"10.1071/WR16203","usgsCitation":"Diggins, C.A., Silvis, A., Kelly, C.A., and Ford, W.M., 2017, Home range, den selection and habitat use of Carolina northern flying squirrels (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus): Wildlife Research, v. 44, no. 5, p. 427-237, https://doi.org/10.1071/WR16203.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"427","endPage":"237","ipdsId":"IP-078733","costCenters":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":348131,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Appalachian Mountains","volume":"44","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":9,"text":"Reston PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fc2ea2e4b0531197b27f77","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Diggins, Corinne A.","contributorId":171667,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Diggins","given":"Corinne","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":33131,"text":"Dept of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Tech","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":719359,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Silvis, Alexander","contributorId":171585,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Silvis","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":26923,"text":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, VA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":719360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kelly, Christine A.","contributorId":171661,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kelly","given":"Christine","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":35598,"text":"North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission ","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":719361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Ford, W. Mark wford@usgs.gov","contributorId":3858,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ford","given":"W.","email":"wford@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Mark","affiliations":[{"id":199,"text":"Coop Res Unit Leetown","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":719358,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70237026,"text":"70237026 - 2017 - Before and after retrofit behavior and performance of a 55-story tall building inferred from distant earthquake and ambient vibration data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-27T18:16:34.534927","indexId":"70237026","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T13:04:44","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Before and after retrofit behavior and performance of a 55-story tall building inferred from distant earthquake and ambient vibration data","docAbstract":"A sparsely instrumented 55-story building in Osaka, Japan had recorded unprecedented, severe and long-duration long-period resonating responses during the March 11, 2011 M9.0 Tohoku earthquake that occurred at 767 km distance. Thereafter, studies of the records resulted in implementation of a significant retrofit design, comprising dampers and buckling restrained braces (BRBs). The responses of the retrofitted building were also recorded during the April 24, 2016 M7.3 Kumamoto earthquake that occurred at 478 km. The earthquake and on-demand acquired ambient response data are analyzed in this study to assess the impact of this rare, retrofitted and instrumented tall building subjected to long period strong shaking from events originating at far distances. As expected, the fundamental frequency and critical damping ratio of the building increased, albeit small, after the retrofit as compared to before the retrofit. Increase of damping percentage is a positive finding and indicates that even larger percentages may be attained under shaking stronger than the 2016 event. The records indicate that the building still experiences significant resonance, torsion, as well as a beating effect.","language":"English","publisher":"Earthquake Engineering Research Institute","doi":"10.1193/122216EQS249M","usgsCitation":"Celebi, M., Kashima, T., Ghahari, S., Koyama, S., Taciroğlu, E., and Okawa, I., 2017, Before and after retrofit behavior and performance of a 55-story tall building inferred from distant earthquake and ambient vibration data: Earthquake Spectra, v. 33, no. 4, p. 1599-1626, https://doi.org/10.1193/122216EQS249M.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"1599","endPage":"1626","ipdsId":"IP-081004","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407454,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","city":"Osaka","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 135.28289794921875,\n 34.482788036293435\n ],\n [\n 135.62828063964844,\n 34.482788036293435\n ],\n [\n 135.62828063964844,\n 34.80083618518153\n ],\n [\n 135.28289794921875,\n 34.80083618518153\n ],\n [\n 135.28289794921875,\n 34.482788036293435\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Celebi, Mehmet 0000-0002-4769-7357 celebi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-7357","contributorId":200969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Celebi","given":"Mehmet","email":"celebi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":853104,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kashima, Toshihide","contributorId":176614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kashima","given":"Toshihide","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853105,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ghahari, S. Farid","contributorId":296977,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ghahari","given":"S. Farid","affiliations":[{"id":13399,"text":"UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853106,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koyama, Shin","contributorId":149525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koyama","given":"Shin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853107,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Taciroğlu, Ertuğrul","contributorId":168418,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Taciroğlu","given":"Ertuğrul","affiliations":[{"id":13399,"text":"UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":853108,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Okawa, Izuru","contributorId":65508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okawa","given":"Izuru","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":853143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70236853,"text":"70236853 - 2017 - Before and after retrofit behavior and performance of a 55-story tall building inferred from distant earthquake and ambient vibration data","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-09-20T13:28:51.954428","indexId":"70236853","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T08:21:29","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1436,"text":"Earthquake Spectra","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Before and after retrofit behavior and performance of a 55-story tall building inferred from distant earthquake and ambient vibration data","docAbstract":"A sparsely instrumented 55-story building in Osaka, Japan, had recorded unprecedented, severe, and long-duration, long-period resonating responses during the 11 March 2011 M9.0 Tohoku earthquake that occurred at 767 km distance. Thereafter, studies of the records resulted in the implementation of a significant retrofit design, comprising dampers and buckling restrained braces (BRBs). The responses of the retrofitted building were also recorded during the 24 April 2016 M7.3 Kumamoto earthquake that occurred at 478 km. The earthquake and on-demand acquired ambient response data are analyzed in this study to assess the impact of this rare, retrofitted and instrumented tall building subjected to long period strong shaking from events originating at far distances. As expected, the fundamental frequency and critical damping ratio of the building increased, albeit small, after the retrofit as compared to before the retrofit. Increase of damping percentage is a positive finding and indicates that even larger percentages may be attained under shaking stronger than the 2016 event. The records indicate that the building still experiences significant resonance, torsion, as well as a beating effect.
","language":"English","publisher":"Sage","doi":"10.1193/122216EQS249M","usgsCitation":"Celebi, M., Kashima, T., Ghahari, S.F., Koyama, S., Tacirogle, E., and Okawa, I., 2017, Before and after retrofit behavior and performance of a 55-story tall building inferred from distant earthquake and ambient vibration data: Earthquake Spectra, v. 33, no. 4, p. 1599-1626, https://doi.org/10.1193/122216EQS249M.","productDescription":"28 p.","startPage":"1599","endPage":"1626","ipdsId":"IP-082394","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":407053,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Japan","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 140.86669921875,\n 41.623655390686395\n ],\n [\n 140.11962890625,\n 41.22824901518529\n ],\n [\n 139.74609375,\n 40.68063802521456\n ],\n [\n 139.6142578125,\n 39.50404070558415\n ],\n [\n 137.8564453125,\n 38.09998264736481\n ],\n [\n 136.40625,\n 37.33522435930639\n ],\n [\n 135.59326171875,\n 35.99578538642032\n ],\n [\n 132.25341796875,\n 35.65729624809628\n ],\n [\n 129.00146484375,\n 33.119150226768866\n ],\n [\n 130.166015625,\n 30.637912028341123\n ],\n [\n 131.50634765625,\n 31.372399104880525\n ],\n [\n 134.560546875,\n 33.284619968887675\n ],\n [\n 136.31835937499997,\n 33.32134852669881\n ],\n [\n 139.4384765625,\n 34.59704151614417\n ],\n [\n 140.77880859374997,\n 35.28150065789119\n ],\n [\n 141.13037109375,\n 35.99578538642032\n ],\n [\n 142.14111328125,\n 39.65645604812829\n ],\n [\n 141.63574218749997,\n 41.409775832009565\n ],\n [\n 140.86669921875,\n 41.623655390686395\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Celebi, Mehmet 0000-0002-4769-7357 celebi@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-7357","contributorId":200969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Celebi","given":"Mehmet","email":"celebi@usgs.gov","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":852361,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kashima, Toshihide","contributorId":176614,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kashima","given":"Toshihide","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852362,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ghahari, S. F.","contributorId":147707,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Ghahari","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":13399,"text":"UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852363,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Koyama, Shin","contributorId":149525,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Koyama","given":"Shin","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Tacirogle, Ertugrul","contributorId":296749,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Tacirogle","given":"Ertugrul","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":13399,"text":"UCLA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":852365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Okawa, Izuru","contributorId":65508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Okawa","given":"Izuru","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852384,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70193353,"text":"70193353 - 2017 - Characteristics and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Erdenet Cu-Mo deposit, Mongolia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-01T11:26:25","indexId":"70193353","displayToPublicDate":"2017-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1472,"text":"Economic Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Characteristics and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Erdenet Cu-Mo deposit, Mongolia","docAbstract":"The Early to Middle Triassic Erdenet porphyry Cu-Mo deposit, in northern Mongolia, developed in a continent-continent arc collision zone, within the Central Asian orogenic belt. The porphyry system is related to multiple intrusions of crystal-crowded biotite granodiorite porphyry, which formed a composite stock about 900 m in diameter, with multiple porphyritic microgranodiorite dikes. Wall rocks are Late Permian to Early Triassic, medium-grained granodiorite, with similar whole-rock geochemistry, mineralogy, and composition to the granodiorite porphyry. Whole-rock analysis of the granodiorite porphyry and wall rocks shows that these rocks cannot be discriminated, but both have depleted middle heavy rare earth elements and Y, typical of fertile porphyry magmatic suites.
At the current pit level (1,250 m elev), early porphyry-style quartz veins (A and B type) are locally infilled by pyrite-chalcopyrite, with subordinate bornite, but most of the chalcopyrite occurs in D veins that constitute more than 50% of the Cu grade (~0.5 wt % Cu). The 0.3 wt % Cu shell resembles a molar tooth, enveloping the granodiorite porphyry, with deeper roots extending down the wal-rock contacts. Molybdenite occurs in monomineralic veins, and in finely laminated to massive quartz-molybdenite veins.
The most important alteration is quartz-muscovite, which occurs as relatively coarse (100–500 μm) alteration selvages (1–5 cm) that envelop D veins. The D veins cut illite ± kaolinite-smectite (or intermediate argillic) alteration. Intermediate argillic alteration, together with abundant pink anhydrite (commonly hydrated to gypsum), extends from at least 1,300- to 900-m elevation in the deepest drill holes, and has overprinted early potassic alteration, or relatively unaltered red granodiorite. Meter-wide zones of kaolinite cut the anhydrite-gypsum at all levels. There is an abrupt transition outward from the intermediate argillic alteration to chlorite-epidote (propylitic) alteration, at 50 to 200 m from the granodiorite porphyry contact, although D veins (and chalcopyrite) extend outward to the propylitic zone.
The Erdenet porphyry system, was overprinted by advanced argillic alteration, which outcrops 2 km northwest of the pit, and forms a lithocap that extends over 10 × 2.5 km. It is characterized by residual quartz, andalusite, Na-Ca and K-alunite, diaspore, pyrophyllite, zunyite, topaz, dickite, and kaolinite. The upper part of the porphyry Cu-Mo deposit (removed by mining), comprised a bornite-chalcocite enriched zone up to 300 m thick with an average grade of 0.7 wt % Cu and up to 5 wt % Cu locally. Based on hypogene bornite-chalcocite mineral textures and high-sulfidation state mineralogy, the enriched zone is inferred to be of hypogene origin, but modified by supergene processes. Consequently, it may be related to formation of the lithocap.
Previous Re-Os dates of 240.4 and 240.7 ± 0.8 Ma for molybdenite in quartz veins are comparable to new 40Ar/39Ar dates of 239.7 ± 1.6 and 240 ± 2 Ma for muscovite that envelops D veins. One 40Ar/39Ar date on K-alunite from the lithocap of 223.5 ± 1.9 Ma suggests that it may be about 16 m.y. younger than Erdenet, but this result needs to be verified by further dating.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society of Economic Geologists","doi":"10.5382/econgeo.2017.4500","usgsCitation":"Kavalieris, I., Khashgerel, B., Morgan, L.E., Undrakhtamir, A., and Borohul, A., 2017, Characteristics and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Erdenet Cu-Mo deposit, Mongolia: Economic Geology, v. 112, no. 5, p. 1033-1053, https://doi.org/10.5382/econgeo.2017.4500.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"1033","endPage":"1053","ipdsId":"IP-080784","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":438161,"rank":0,"type":{"id":30,"text":"Data Release"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5066/F74J0C8H","text":"USGS data release","linkHelpText":"40Ar/39Ar data for: Characteristics and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Erdenet Cu-Mo deposit, Mongolia"},{"id":347960,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"112","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":2,"text":"Denver PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59fadd1ce4b0531197b13c59","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kavalieris, Imants","contributorId":199360,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kavalieris","given":"Imants","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718798,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Khashgerel, Bat-Erdene","contributorId":199361,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Khashgerel","given":"Bat-Erdene","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718799,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Morgan, Leah E. 0000-0001-9930-524X lemorgan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9930-524X","contributorId":176174,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"Leah","email":"lemorgan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718797,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Undrakhtamir, Alexander","contributorId":199362,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Undrakhtamir","given":"Alexander","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718800,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Borohul, Adiya","contributorId":199363,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Borohul","given":"Adiya","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718801,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70193322,"text":"70193322 - 2017 - Crotalus oreganus lutosus (Great Basin Rattlesnake). Defensive behavior/head hiding and tongue display","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T14:57:31","indexId":"70193322","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1898,"text":"Herpetological Review","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Crotalus oreganus lutosus (Great Basin Rattlesnake). Defensive behavior/head hiding and tongue display","title":"Crotalus oreganus lutosus (Great Basin Rattlesnake). Defensive behavior/head hiding and tongue display","docAbstract":"A variety of snake species employ head hiding as defensive behavior (Greene 1973. J. Herpetol. 7:143–161), but such behavior seems to be rarely observed in rattlesnakes. A recent report (Medica 2009. Herpetol. Rev. 40:95–97) presented observations on Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus and cited cases of similar behavior involving C. atrox, C. ruber, and C. viridis viridis. Here we report an encounter on 28 May 2016 with a C. oreganus lutosus (total length ca. 900 mm) observed 16 km S of Fallon, Churchill County, Nevada, USA. At 0925 h this snake was spotted by AKJ near the edge of the pavement on U.S. Hwy. 95. When approached, the snake presented typical active defensive behavior, with the rattle elevated (although not rattling), striking occasionally, and frequently flicking its conspicuous lavender and black tongue. As AKJ continued to take pictures the snake coiled more tightly (Fig. 1A), maintaining its rattle concealed and finally hiding its head beneath its coils (Fig. 1B). After photographing this pose AKJ made his first physical contact with the snake by scooping it up with a small shovel and placing it off the road. At this point the snake recovered its feisty attitude and would not retreat despite attempts to move it further away from the road. The snake did not rattle during the entire encounter (which lasted less than 5 min). Head hiding as a “last resort” in response to a persistent unavoidable threat may be more widespread within the family Crotalidae than previously documented.
","language":"English","publisher":"Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles","usgsCitation":"Johnson, A.K., and Medica, P.A., 2017, Crotalus oreganus lutosus (Great Basin Rattlesnake). Defensive behavior/head hiding and tongue display: Herpetological Review, v. 48, no. 1, p. 209-210.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"209","endPage":"210","ipdsId":"IP-081942","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":347909,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":347900,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ssarherps.org/herpetological-review-pdfs/"}],"country":"United States","state":"Nevada","county":"Churchill County","volume":"48","issue":"1","publicComments":"This article is in the \"Natural History Notes\" section of the issue.","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":1,"text":"Sacramento PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98ba6e4b0531197af9f91","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Alexander K.","contributorId":199332,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Johnson","given":"Alexander","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":35516,"text":"Kimhae City, South Korea","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718693,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Medica, Phil A. 0000-0002-5901-8841 pmedica@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5901-8841","contributorId":3226,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Medica","given":"Phil","email":"pmedica@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70193125,"text":"70193125 - 2017 - Polar bear attacks on humans: Implications of a changing climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-31T10:04:40","indexId":"70193125","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-31T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3779,"text":"Wildlife Society Bulletin","onlineIssn":"1938-5463","printIssn":"0091-7648","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Polar bear attacks on humans: Implications of a changing climate","docAbstract":"Understanding causes of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) attacks on humans is critical to ensuring both human safety and polar bear conservation. Although considerable attention has been focused on understanding black (U. americanus) and grizzly (U. arctos) bear conflicts with humans, there have been few attempts to systematically collect, analyze, and interpret available information on human-polar bear conflicts across their range. To help fill this knowledge gap, a database was developed (Polar Bear-Human Information Management System [PBHIMS]) to facilitate the range-wide collection and analysis of human-polar bear conflict data. We populated the PBHIMS with data collected throughout the polar bear range, analyzed polar bear attacks on people, and found that reported attacks have been extremely rare. From 1870–2014, we documented 73 attacks by wild polar bears, distributed among the 5 polar bear Range States (Canada, Greenland, Norway, Russia, and United States), which resulted in 20 human fatalities and 63 human injuries. We found that nutritionally stressed adult male polar bears were the most likely to pose threats to human safety. Attacks by adult females were rare, and most were attributed to defense of cubs. We judged that bears acted as a predator in most attacks, and that nearly all attacks involved ≤2 people. Increased concern for both human and bear safety is warranted in light of predictions of increased numbers of nutritionally stressed bears spending longer amounts of time on land near people because of the loss of their sea ice habitat. Improved conflict investigation is needed to collect accurate and relevant data and communicate accurate bear safety messages and mitigation strategies to the public. With better information, people can take proactive measures in polar bear habitat to ensure their safety and prevent conflicts with polar bears. This work represents an important first step towards improving our understanding of factors influencing human-polar bear conflicts. Continued collection and analysis of range-wide data on interactions and conflicts will help increase human safety and ensure the conservation of polar bears for future generations.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/wsb.783","usgsCitation":"Wilder, J., Vongraven, D., Atwood, T.C., Hansen, B., Jessen, A., Kochnev, A.A., York, G., Vallender, R., Hedman, D., and Gibbons, M., 2017, Polar bear attacks on humans: Implications of a changing climate: Wildlife Society Bulletin, v. 41, no. 3, p. 537-547, https://doi.org/10.1002/wsb.783.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"537","endPage":"547","ipdsId":"IP-079208","costCenters":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":500007,"rank":0,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://doaj.org/article/12a8c44c8a1340928699d571ff587c4e","text":"External Repository"},{"id":347802,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, Greenland, Norway, Russia, United States","volume":"41","issue":"3","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f98bade4b0531197af9fbd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilder, James","contributorId":152610,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilder","given":"James","affiliations":[{"id":6661,"text":"US Fish and Wildlife Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718068,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Vongraven, Dag","contributorId":131092,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vongraven","given":"Dag","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":7238,"text":"Norwegian Polar Institute","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Atwood, Todd C. 0000-0002-1971-3110 tatwood@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-3110","contributorId":4368,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Atwood","given":"Todd","email":"tatwood@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":718067,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hansen, Bob","contributorId":199071,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hansen","given":"Bob","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jessen, Amalie","contributorId":199072,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jessen","given":"Amalie","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718071,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Kochnev, Anatoly A.","contributorId":50096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kochnev","given":"Anatoly","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718072,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"York, Geoff","contributorId":199074,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"York","given":"Geoff","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718073,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Vallender, Rachel","contributorId":194966,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Vallender","given":"Rachel","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":34540,"text":"Canadian Museum of Nature","active":true,"usgs":false},{"id":27312,"text":"Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 6 Bruce Street, Mount","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":718074,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Hedman, Daryll","contributorId":199075,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hedman","given":"Daryll","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718075,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Gibbons, Melissa","contributorId":199076,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gibbons","given":"Melissa","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":718076,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70192351,"text":"70192351 - 2017 - Applying citizen-science data and mark-recapture models to estimate numbers of migrant golden eagles in an important bird area in eastern North America","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-22T16:42:57","indexId":"70192351","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Applying citizen-science data and mark-recapture models to estimate numbers of migrant golden eagles in an important bird area in eastern North America","docAbstract":"Estimates of population abundance are important to wildlife management and conservation. However, it can be difficult to characterize the numbers of broadly distributed, low-density, and elusive bird species. Although Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) are rare, difficult to detect, and broadly distributed, they are concentrated during their autumn migration at monitoring sites in eastern North America. We used hawk-count data collected by citizen scientists in a virtual mark–recapture modeling analysis to estimate the numbers of Golden Eagles that migrate in autumn along Kittatinny Ridge, an Important Bird Area in Pennsylvania, USA. In order to evaluate the sensitivity of our abundance estimates to variation in eagle capture histories, we applied candidate models to 8 different sets of capture histories, constructed with or without age-class information and using known mean flight speeds 6 1, 2, 4, or 6 SE for eagles to travel between hawk-count sites. Although some abundance estimates were produced by models that poorly fitted the data (ĉ > 3.0), 2 sets of population estimates were produced by acceptably performing models (cˆ less than or equal to 3.0). Application of these models to count data from November, 2002–2011, suggested a mean population abundance of 1,354 6 117 SE (range: 873–1,938). We found that Golden Eagles left the ridgeline at different rates and in different places along the route, and that typically ,50% of individuals were detected at the hawk-count sites. Our study demonstrates a useful technique for estimating population abundance that may be applicable to other migrant species that are repeatedly detected at multiple monitoring sites along a topographic diversion or leading line.
","language":"English","publisher":"BioOne","doi":"10.1650/CONDOR-16-166.1","usgsCitation":"Dennhardt, A.J., Duerr, A.E., Brandes, D., and Katzner, T., 2017, Applying citizen-science data and mark-recapture models to estimate numbers of migrant golden eagles in an important bird area in eastern North America: The Condor, v. 119, no. 4, p. 817-831, https://doi.org/10.1650/CONDOR-16-166.1.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"817","endPage":"831","ipdsId":"IP-074201","costCenters":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469394,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1650/condor-16-166.1","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":347305,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Pennslyvania","otherGeospatial":"Kittatinny Ridge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -81.123046875,\n 39.257778150283364\n ],\n [\n -73.916015625,\n 39.257778150283364\n ],\n [\n -73.916015625,\n 42.78733853171998\n ],\n [\n -81.123046875,\n 42.78733853171998\n ],\n [\n -81.123046875,\n 39.257778150283364\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"119","issue":"4","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59f1a29ee4b0220bbd9d9eea","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dennhardt, Andrew J.","contributorId":198247,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dennhardt","given":"Andrew","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":715500,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duerr, Adam E.","contributorId":190590,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Duerr","given":"Adam","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":16210,"text":"Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715501,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Brandes, David","contributorId":138917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Brandes","given":"David","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":35653,"text":"Lafayette College, Easton, PA","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":715502,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Katzner, Todd E. 0000-0003-4503-8435 tkatzner@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-8435","contributorId":191353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Katzner","given":"Todd E.","email":"tkatzner@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":715499,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70192270,"text":"70192270 - 2017 - Geographic variation in host fish use and larval metamorphosis for the endangered dwarf wedgemussel","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-24T08:55:34","indexId":"70192270","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-24T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":862,"text":"Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geographic variation in host fish use and larval metamorphosis for the endangered dwarf wedgemussel","docAbstract":"Plant phenology studies rarely consider controlling factors other than air temperature. We evaluate here the potential significance of physical and chemical properties of soil (edaphic factors) as additional important controls on phenology. More specifically, we investigate causal connections between satellite‐observed green‐up dates of small forest watersheds and soil properties in the Adirondack Mountains of New York, USA. Contrary to the findings of previous studies, where edaphic controls of spring phenology were found to be marginal, our analyses show that at least three factors manifest themselves as significant controls of seasonal patterns of variation in vegetated land surfaces observed from remote sensing: (1) thickness of the forest floor, (2) concentration of exchangeable soil potassium, and (3) soil acidity. For example, a thick forest floor appears to delay the onset of green‐up. Watersheds with elevated concentrations of potassium are associated with early surface greening. We also found that trees growing in strongly acidified watersheds demonstrate delayed green‐up dates. Overall, our work demonstrates that, at the scale of small forest watersheds, edaphic factors can explain a significant percentage of the observed spatial variation in land surface phenology that is comparable to the percentage that can be explained by climatic and landscape factors. We conclude that physical and chemical properties of forest soil play important roles in forest ecosystems as modulators of climatic drivers controlling the rate of spring soil warming and the transition of trees out of winter dormancy.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1002/2017JG004073","usgsCitation":"Lapenis, A.G., Lawrence, G.B., Buyantuev, A., Jiang, S., Sullivan, T.J., McDonnell, T.C., and Bailey, S.W., 2017, A newly identified role of the deciduous forest floor in the timing of green‐up: JGR: Biogeosciences, v. 122, no. 11, p. 2876-2891, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JG004073.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"2876","endPage":"2891","ipdsId":"IP-080375","costCenters":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469421,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/2017jg004073","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":383087,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"New York","otherGeospatial":"central New York","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -76.3330078125,\n 42.65012181368022\n ],\n [\n -74.970703125,\n 42.65012181368022\n ],\n [\n -74.970703125,\n 43.389081939117496\n ],\n [\n -76.3330078125,\n 43.389081939117496\n ],\n [\n -76.3330078125,\n 42.65012181368022\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"122","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-09","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lapenis, Andrei G 0000-0002-2135-3636","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2135-3636","contributorId":248818,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lapenis","given":"Andrei","email":"","middleInitial":"G","affiliations":[{"id":50026,"text":"Dept of Geography & Planning, SUNY Albany, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809976,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lawrence, Gregory B. 0000-0002-8035-2350 glawrenc@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-2350","contributorId":867,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lawrence","given":"Gregory","email":"glawrenc@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":474,"text":"New York Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":809977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Buyantuev, Alexander","contributorId":248819,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Buyantuev","given":"Alexander","affiliations":[{"id":50027,"text":"Assistant Professor, Dept of Geography & Planning, SUNY Albany, NY","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809978,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Jiang, Shiguo 0000-0001-9088-883X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9088-883X","contributorId":244799,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jiang","given":"Shiguo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":48981,"text":"State University of New York","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":809979,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Sullivan, Timothy J.","contributorId":196720,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Sullivan","given":"Timothy","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809980,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"McDonnell, Todd C. 0000-0002-5231-105X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5231-105X","contributorId":196721,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McDonnell","given":"Todd","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809981,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Bailey, Scott W. 0000-0002-9160-156X","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-156X","contributorId":178217,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bailey","given":"Scott","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":809982,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70191856,"text":"70191856 - 2017 - Phylogenetic distribution of a male pheromone that may exploit a nonsexual preference in lampreys","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-19T16:49:07","indexId":"70191856","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2273,"text":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Phylogenetic distribution of a male pheromone that may exploit a nonsexual preference in lampreys","docAbstract":"Pheromones are among the most important sexual signals used by organisms throughout the animal kingdom. However, few are identified in vertebrates, leaving the evolutionary mechanisms underlying vertebrate pheromones poorly understood. Pre-existing biases in receivers’ perceptual systems shape visual and auditory signaling systems, but studies on how receiver biases influence the evolution of pheromone communication remain sparse. The lamprey Petromyzon marinus uses a relatively well-understood suite of pheromones and offers a unique opportunity to study the evolution of vertebrate pheromone communication. Previous studies indicate that male signaling with the mating pheromone 3-keto petromyzonol sulfate (3kPZS) may exploit a nonsexual attraction to juvenile-released 3kPZS that guides migration into productive rearing habitat. Here, we infer the distribution of male signaling with 3kPZS using a phylogenetic comparison comprising six of ten genera and two of three families. Our results indicate that only P. marinus and Ichthyomyzon castaneus release 3kPZS at high rates. Olfactory and behavioral assays with P. marinus, I. castaneus and a subset of three other species that do not use 3kPZS as a sexual signal indicate that male signaling might drive the evolution of female adaptations to detect 3kPZS with specific olfactory mechanisms and respond to 3kPZS with targeted attraction relevant during mate search. We postulate that 3kPZS communication evolved independently in I. castaneus and P. marinus, but cannot eliminate the alternative that other species lost 3kPZS communication. Regardless, our results represent a rare macroevolutionary investigation of a vertebrate pheromone and insight into the evolutionary mechanisms underlying pheromone communication.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/jeb.13191","usgsCitation":"Buchinger, T.J., Bussy, U., Li, K., Wang, H., Huertas, M., Baker, C.F., Jia, L., Hayes, M.C., Li, W., and Johnson, N., 2017, Phylogenetic distribution of a male pheromone that may exploit a nonsexual preference in lampreys: Journal of Evolutionary Biology, v. 30, no. 12, p. 2244-2254, https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13191.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"2244","endPage":"2254","ipdsId":"IP-089842","costCenters":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469429,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13191","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346916,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"12","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-11-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e86830e4b05fe04cd4d1bc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Buchinger, Tyler J.","contributorId":40508,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Buchinger","given":"Tyler","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713410,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bussy, Ugo","contributorId":150993,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bussy","given":"Ugo","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":713411,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Li, Ke","contributorId":172267,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Ke","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713412,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Wang, Huiyong","contributorId":197402,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wang","given":"Huiyong","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713413,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Huertas, Mar","contributorId":177189,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Huertas","given":"Mar","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713414,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Baker, Cindy F.","contributorId":177190,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Baker","given":"Cindy","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713415,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Jia, Liang","contributorId":177191,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jia","given":"Liang","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":713416,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Hayes, Michael C. 0000-0002-9060-0565 mhayes@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9060-0565","contributorId":3017,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"Michael","email":"mhayes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":654,"text":"Western Fisheries Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713417,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Li, Weiming","contributorId":126748,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Li","given":"Weiming","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":6590,"text":"Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":713418,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"Johnson, Nicholas S. 0000-0002-7419-6013 njohnson@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-6013","contributorId":150983,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Nicholas S.","email":"njohnson@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":324,"text":"Great Lakes Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":713409,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70191491,"text":"70191491 - 2017 - Evaluating upstream passage and timing of approach by adult bigheaded carps at a gated dam on the Illinois River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-16T10:09:52","indexId":"70191491","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-16T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3301,"text":"River Research and Applications","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluating upstream passage and timing of approach by adult bigheaded carps at a gated dam on the Illinois River","docAbstract":"Dams are a conservation threat because they function as barriers to native fish movement; however, they may prevent the spread of invasive species. Invasive bigheaded carps (Hypophthalmichthys spp.) threaten the Great Lakes ecosystem and are advancing towards Lake Michigan via the Illinois River. Navigation dams on the Illinois River may deter bigheaded carps' upstream movement. We investigated the permeability of the Starved Rock Lock and Dam (SRLD), the most downstream gated Illinois River dam, to bigheaded carps' migration by examining the timing of individuals approaching and passing through SRLD in relation to gate openness, tailwater elevation, and water temperature. Using acoustic telemetry of (N = ~104 per year) tagged fish, 13 upstream passages of bigheaded carps occurred through SRLD between 2013 and 2016. Eleven passages occurred through the dam gates and 2 through the lock chamber, indicating deterrents (e.g., CO2) placed in SRLD lock chamber may only limit passage of a small proportion of all fish passing through the lock-and-dam structure. Passages were documented only in 2013 and 2015. Most of the dam gate passages occurred during high water when gates were completely out of the water. Timing of bigheaded carps approaching SRLD was positively correlated with rising water temperature and high tailwater elevation, and all fish approached during late March through mid-September. Movement through dams is rare; modifying gate operations to reduce gate openness during late spring and summer could further reduce the permeability of gated dams such as SRLD to bigheaded carps, slowing their upstream advance.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/rra.3180","usgsCitation":"Lubejko, M., Whitledge, G., Coulter, A.A., Brey, M.K., Oliver, D., and Garvey, J.E., 2017, Evaluating upstream passage and timing of approach by adult bigheaded carps at a gated dam on the Illinois River: River Research and Applications, v. 33, no. 8, p. 1268-1278, https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.3180.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"1268","endPage":"1278","ipdsId":"IP-084443","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346624,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Illinois","otherGeospatial":"Illinois River, Starved Rock Lock and Dam","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -89.04041290283203,\n 41.308502890261764\n ],\n [\n -88.94634246826172,\n 41.308502890261764\n ],\n [\n -88.94634246826172,\n 41.333513657873205\n ],\n [\n -89.04041290283203,\n 41.333513657873205\n ],\n [\n -89.04041290283203,\n 41.308502890261764\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"33","issue":"8","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-07-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59e5c51ae4b05fe04cd1c9ca","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lubejko, Matthew","contributorId":195897,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lubejko","given":"Matthew","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712426,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Whitledge, Greg","contributorId":195898,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Whitledge","given":"Greg","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712427,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Coulter, Alison A.","contributorId":187652,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Coulter","given":"Alison","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712428,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Brey, Marybeth K. 0000-0003-4403-9655 mbrey@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4403-9655","contributorId":187651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brey","given":"Marybeth","email":"mbrey@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712425,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Oliver, Devon","contributorId":195899,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Oliver","given":"Devon","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Garvey, James E.","contributorId":178007,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Garvey","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70204370,"text":"70204370 - 2017 - Viability analysis for multiple populations","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-22T13:39:20","indexId":"70204370","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-13T13:35:43","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1015,"text":"Biological Conservation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Viability analysis for multiple populations","docAbstract":"Many species of conservation interest exist solely or largely in isolated populations. Ideally, prioritization of management actions among such populations would be guided by quantitative estimates of extinction risk, but conventional methods of demographic population viability analysis (PVA) model each population separately and require temporally extensive datasets that are rarely available in practice. We introduce a general class of statistical PVA that can be applied to many populations at once, which we term multiple population viability analysis or MPVA. The approach combines models of abundance at multiple spatial locations with temporal models of population dynamics, effectively borrowing information from more data-rich populations to inform inferences for data-poor populations. Covariates are used to explain population variability in space and time. Using Bayesian analysis, we illustrate the method with a dataset of Lahontan cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi) observations that previously had been analyzed with conventional PVA. We find that MPVA predictions are similar in bias and higher in precision than predictions from simple PVA models that treat each population individually; moreover, the use of covariates in MPVA allows for predictions in minimally-sampled and unsampled populations. The basic MPVA model can be extended in multiple ways, such as by linking to a sampling and observation model to provide a full accounting of uncertainty. We conclude that the approach has great potential to expand the use of PVA for species that exist in multiple, isolated populations.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/j.biocon.2017.10.006","usgsCitation":"Wenger, S.J., Leasure, D.R., Dauwalter, D.C., Peacock, M.M., Dunham, J.B., Chelgren, N., and Neville, H.M., 2017, Viability analysis for multiple populations: Biological Conservation, v. 216, p. 69-77, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.10.006.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"69","endPage":"77","ipdsId":"IP-090218","costCenters":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":365804,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"216","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":12,"text":"Tacoma PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wenger, Seth J.","contributorId":64786,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wenger","given":"Seth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766568,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leasure, Douglas R.","contributorId":145643,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Leasure","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":766569,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dauwalter, Daniel C.","contributorId":214339,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dauwalter","given":"Daniel","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37131,"text":"Trout Unlimited","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766570,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Peacock, Mary M.","contributorId":167605,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Peacock","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":24774,"text":"Department of Natural Resources, College of Agriculture and Life","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766571,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Dunham, Jason B. 0000-0002-6268-0633 jdunham@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0633","contributorId":147808,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dunham","given":"Jason","email":"jdunham@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Chelgren, Nathan 0000-0003-0944-9165 nchelgren@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0944-9165","contributorId":3134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chelgren","given":"Nathan","email":"nchelgren@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":289,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosys Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":290,"text":"Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":766573,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Neville, Helen M.","contributorId":214338,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neville","given":"Helen","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":37131,"text":"Trout Unlimited","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":766572,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}} ,{"id":70191344,"text":"70191344 - 2017 - Spatial early warning signals in a lake manipulation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-19T09:38:09","indexId":"70191344","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-05T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1475,"text":"Ecosphere","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Spatial early warning signals in a lake manipulation","docAbstract":"Rapid changes in state have been documented for many of Earth's ecosystems. Despite a growing toolbox of methods for detecting declining resilience or early warning indicators (EWIs) of ecosystem transitions, these methods have rarely been evaluated in whole-ecosystem trials using reference ecosystems. In this study, we experimentally tested EWIs of cyanobacteria blooms based on changes in the spatial structure of a lake. We induced a cyanobacteria bloom by adding nutrients to an experimental lake and mapped fine-resolution spatial patterning of cyanobacteria using a mobile sensor platform. Prior to the bloom, we detected theoretically predicted spatial EWIs based on variance and spatial autocorrelation, as well as a new index based on the extreme values. Changes in EWIs were not discernible in an unenriched reference lake. Despite the fluid environment of a lake where spatial heterogeneity driven by biological processes may be overwhelmed by physical mixing, spatial EWIs detected an approaching bloom suggesting the utility of spatial metrics for signaling ecological thresholds.
","language":"English","publisher":"Ecological Society of America","doi":"10.1002/ecs2.1941","usgsCitation":"Butitta, V.L., Carpenter, S.R., Loken, L.C., Pace, M.L., and Stanley, E.H., 2017, Spatial early warning signals in a lake manipulation: Ecosphere, v. 8, no. 5, p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1941.","productDescription":"e01941; 11 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"11","ipdsId":"IP-084890","costCenters":[{"id":677,"text":"Wisconsin Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469456,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1941","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346434,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"8","issue":"5","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":6,"text":"Columbus PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-02","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59d7449ce4b05fe04cc7e2fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Butitta, Vince L. 0000-0001-7569-4770","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7569-4770","contributorId":196947,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Butitta","given":"Vince","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712019,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Carpenter, Stephen R. 0000-0001-8097-8700","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8097-8700","contributorId":196945,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Carpenter","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712017,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Loken, Luke C. 0000-0003-3194-1498 lloken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3194-1498","contributorId":195600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loken","given":"Luke","email":"lloken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":37947,"text":"Upper Midwest Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":712015,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Pace, Michael L. 0000-0001-5945-6131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5945-6131","contributorId":196946,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Pace","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":712018,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stanley, Emily H.","contributorId":55725,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stanley","given":"Emily","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":12951,"text":"Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin Madison","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":712016,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70191326,"text":"70191326 - 2017 - Short-term and long-term evapotranspiration rates at ecological restoration sites along a large river receiving rare flow events","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-11-29T16:28:13","indexId":"70191326","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-04T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1924,"text":"Hydrological Processes","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Short-term and long-term evapotranspiration rates at ecological restoration sites along a large river receiving rare flow events","docAbstract":"Many large rivers around the world no longer flow to their deltas, due to ever greater water withdrawals and diversions for human needs. However, the importance of riparian ecosystems is drawing increasing recognition, leading to the allocation of environmental flows to restore river processes. Accurate estimates of riparian plant evapotranspiration (ET) are needed to understand how the riverine system responds to these rare events and achieve the goals of environmental flows. In 2014, historic environmental flows were released into the Lower Colorado River at Morelos Dam (Mexico); this once perennial but now dry reach is the final stretch to the mighty Colorado River Delta. One of the primary goals was to supply native vegetation restoration sites along the reach with water to help seedlings establish and boost groundwater levels to foster the planted saplings. Patterns in ET before, during, and after the flows are useful for evaluating whether this goal was met and understanding the role that ET plays in this now ephemeral river system. Here, diurnal fluctuations in groundwater levels and MODIS data were used to compare estimates of ET specifically at three native vegetation restoration sites during 2014 planned flow events, while MODIS data was used to evaluate long-term (2002 – 2016) ET responses to restoration efforts at these sites. Overall, ET was generally 0 - 10 mm d-1 across sites and although daily ET values from groundwater data were highly variable, weekly averaged estimates were highly correlated with MODIS-derived estimates at most sites. The influence of the 2014 flow events was not immediately apparent in the results, although the process of clearing vegetation and planting native vegetation at the restoration sites was clearly visible in the results.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/hyp.11359","usgsCitation":"Shanafield, M., Jurado, H.G., Burgueno, J.E., Hernandez, J.R., Jarchow, C., and Nagler, P.L., 2017, Short-term and long-term evapotranspiration rates at ecological restoration sites along a large river receiving rare flow events: Hydrological Processes, v. 31, no. 24, p. 4328-4337, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11359.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"4328","endPage":"4337","ipdsId":"IP-068603","costCenters":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":469457,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11359","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":346385,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Mexico, United States","otherGeospatial":"Colorado River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -115.08453369140625,\n 32.217448573031014\n ],\n [\n -114.63821411132812,\n 32.217448573031014\n ],\n [\n -114.63821411132812,\n 32.751477587458865\n ],\n [\n -115.08453369140625,\n 32.751477587458865\n ],\n [\n -115.08453369140625,\n 32.217448573031014\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"31","issue":"24","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":14,"text":"Menlo Park PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2017-10-17","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59d5f342e4b05fe04cc652b8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shanafield, Margaret","contributorId":196916,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shanafield","given":"Margaret","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711930,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jurado, Hugo Gutierrez","contributorId":196917,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Jurado","given":"Hugo","email":"","middleInitial":"Gutierrez","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711931,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Burgueno, Jesus Eliana Rodriguez","contributorId":196918,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Burgueno","given":"Jesus","email":"","middleInitial":"Eliana Rodriguez","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711932,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hernandez, Jorge Ramirez","contributorId":196919,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hernandez","given":"Jorge","email":"","middleInitial":"Ramirez","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711933,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jarchow, Christopher 0000-0002-0424-4104 cjarchow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0424-4104","contributorId":196069,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jarchow","given":"Christopher","email":"cjarchow@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711928,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Nagler, Pamela L. 0000-0003-0674-103X pnagler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0674-103X","contributorId":1398,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nagler","given":"Pamela","email":"pnagler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":568,"text":"Southwest Biological Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711927,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70191294,"text":"70191294 - 2017 - Rafinesque's Sicilian whale, Balena gastrytis","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-10-03T15:24:32","indexId":"70191294","displayToPublicDate":"2017-10-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"2017","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":890,"text":"Archives of Natural History","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"Rafinesque's Sicilian whale, Balena gastrytis","title":"Rafinesque's Sicilian whale, Balena gastrytis","docAbstract":"In 1815, the naturalist Constantine S. Rafinesque described a new species of cetacean, Balena gastrytis, from Sicily, based on a whale that stranded on Carini beach near Palermo. In comparing the characteristics of his new whale with known species, Rafinesque also took the opportunity to name a new genus, Cetoptera, to replace Balaenoptera Lacépède, 1804. Unfortunately, few of Rafinesque's contemporaries saw his article, which appeared in Il Portafoglio, a local journal that he published and distributed. The journal remains rare, and awareness of the whale remains minimal, despite its relevance to cetacean taxonomy and understanding of whale diversity and distribution in the Mediterranean. We describe the circumstances of the stranding of the Sicilian whale and provide Rafinesque's original description of the whale, as well as an evaluation of its reported characteristics and its current identity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Edinburgh University Press","doi":"10.3366/anh.2017.0446","usgsCitation":"Woodman, N., and Mead, J.G., 2017, Rafinesque's Sicilian whale, Balena gastrytis: Archives of Natural History, v. 44, no. 2, p. 229-240, https://doi.org/10.3366/anh.2017.0446.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"229","endPage":"240","ipdsId":"IP-076486","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":346365,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"44","issue":"2","publishingServiceCenter":{"id":10,"text":"Baltimore PSC"},"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"59d4a1a2e4b05fe04cc4e0cd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Woodman, Neal 0000-0003-2689-7373 nwoodman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-7373","contributorId":3547,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodman","given":"Neal","email":"nwoodman@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":711868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mead, James G.","contributorId":196893,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mead","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":711869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}