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,{"id":5210082,"text":"5210082 - 1988 - Potential effects of changing water conditions on mallards wintering in the Mississippi alluvial valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:15","indexId":"5210082","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Potential effects of changing water conditions on mallards wintering in the Mississippi alluvial valley","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Waterfowl in Winter","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"University of Minnesota Press","publisherLocation":"Minneapolis","usgsCitation":"Reinecke, K.J., Barkley, R., and Baxter, C., 1988, Potential effects of changing water conditions on mallards wintering in the Mississippi alluvial valley, chap. <i>of</i> Waterfowl in Winter, p. 325-337.","productDescription":"xx, 624","startPage":"325","endPage":"337","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":201234,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db6838c2","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Weller, M.W.","contributorId":54562,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Weller","given":"M.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505970,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Reinecke, K. J.","contributorId":54537,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinecke","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327734,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barkley, R.C.","contributorId":93600,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barkley","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327736,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Baxter, C.K.","contributorId":91964,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baxter","given":"C.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327735,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5210004,"text":"5210004 - 1988 - Bioassay for phytotoxicity of toxicants to sago pondweed","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:18","indexId":"5210004","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"seriesNumber":"129","title":"Bioassay for phytotoxicity of toxicants to sago pondweed","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Understanding the Estuary:  Advances in Chesapeake Bay Research.  ","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Chesapeake Research Consortium","publisherLocation":"Solomons, MD","usgsCitation":"Fleming, W.J., Momot, J., and Ailstock, M., 1988, Bioassay for phytotoxicity of toxicants to sago pondweed, chap. <i>of</i> Understanding the Estuary:  Advances in Chesapeake Bay Research.  , p. 431-440.","productDescription":"xiii, 629","startPage":"431","endPage":"440","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200895,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db625e29","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lynch, Maurice T.","contributorId":112288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lynch","given":"Maurice","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505897,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Krome, Elizabeth C.","contributorId":111766,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Krome","given":"Elizabeth","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505896,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Fleming, W. James","contributorId":85279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fleming","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"James","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327609,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Momot, J.J.","contributorId":44255,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Momot","given":"J.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ailstock, M.S.","contributorId":71288,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ailstock","given":"M.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327608,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5210003,"text":"5210003 - 1988 - Can relocated wolves survive?","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:18","indexId":"5210003","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-09T09:23:16","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"Can relocated wolves survive?","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Translocation of Wild Animals","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"language":"English","publisher":"Wisconsin Humane Society, Inc. and Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute","publisherLocation":"Milwaukee and Kingsville, Texas","collaboration":"Reprinted from Wildlife Society Bulletin 13(4):459-463, 1985","usgsCitation":"Fritts, S.H., Paul, W., and Mech, L., 1988, Can relocated wolves survive?, chap. <i>of</i> Translocation of Wild Animals, p. 142-151.","productDescription":"xvii, 333","startPage":"142","endPage":"151","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":200894,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49ffe4b07f02db5f7b3b","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Nielson, L.","contributorId":112711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielson","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505895,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Brown, R.D. Jr.","contributorId":19997,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"R.D.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":505894,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Fritts, S. H.","contributorId":50233,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327604,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Paul, W.J.","contributorId":60579,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Paul","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mech, L.D. 0000-0003-3944-7769","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3944-7769","contributorId":75466,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Mech","given":"L.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":5200206,"text":"5200206 - 1988 - The brown tree snake:  a harmful pest species","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:15:14","indexId":"5200206","displayToPublicDate":"2009-06-08T16:49:39","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"title":"The brown tree snake:  a harmful pest species","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","publisherLocation":"[Honolulu, HI]","collaboration":"OCLC 19977400","usgsCitation":"Fritts, T.H., 1988, The brown tree snake:  a harmful pest species, 1 folded sheet, 8.","productDescription":"1 folded sheet, 8","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196071,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db66938e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fritts, T. H.","contributorId":40147,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fritts","given":"T.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":327207,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70014382,"text":"70014382 - 1988 - Developing of 10-year EEZ seafloor mapping and research program","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-09T16:49:56.41122","indexId":"70014382","displayToPublicDate":"2009-01-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2666,"text":"Marine Geodesy","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Developing of 10-year EEZ seafloor mapping and research program","docAbstract":"<p><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">Mapping</span><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">research</span><span>&nbsp;on the&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">seafloor</span><span>&nbsp;adjacent to the United States has been a national effort involving elements of the Department of the Interior, the Department of Commerce, certain academic institutions, and private industry, the latter primarily for the&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">exploration</span><span>&nbsp;for oil and gas. These activities were accelerated by the USGS and NOAA in 1983, following the issuance of the&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">EEZ</span><span>&nbsp;(Exclusive Economic Zone) Proclamation by President Reagan. The intent of expanding the&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">exploration</span><span>&nbsp;already begun on the outer continental shelf (OCS) to the frontier of the&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">EEZ</span><span>&nbsp;is to determine the “characteristics”; and resource potential of this region. To coordinate this&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">exploration</span><span>, a Joint Office for&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">Mapping</span><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">Research</span><span>&nbsp;(JOMAR) has been established by the U.S. Geological Survey (in the Department of the Interior) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (in the Department of Commerce). JOMAR's main purpose is to help direct and coordinate ongoing and&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">planned</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">seafloor</span><span>&nbsp;related activities in the&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">EEZ</span><span>&nbsp;and prepare a&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">10</span><span>‐</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">year</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">plan</span><span>&nbsp;for&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">mapping</span><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">research</span><span>. JOMAR recently hosted a national symposium to identify the major elements of this&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">plan</span><span>. A comprehensive&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">mapping</span><span>&nbsp;and&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">research</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class=\"single_highlight_class\" onclick=\"highlight()\">plan</span><span>&nbsp;will provide the needed direction and guide this national challenge.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/15210608809379586","issn":"01490419","usgsCitation":"Lockwood, M., and Hill, G.W., 1988, Developing of 10-year EEZ seafloor mapping and research program: Marine Geodesy, v. 12, no. 3, p. 167-175, https://doi.org/10.1080/15210608809379586.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"167","endPage":"175","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225570,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0011e4b0c8380cd4f589","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lockwood, M.","contributorId":63961,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lockwood","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368270,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hill, G. W.","contributorId":85551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368271,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70039501,"text":"70039501 - 1988 - FOLD, federally owned Landsat data, April 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-11T01:01:52","indexId":"70039501","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-16T10:50:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":358,"text":"FOLD, federally owned Landsat data","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"FOLD, federally owned Landsat data, April 1988","docAbstract":"The FOLD data base lists all Landsat CCT's held by participating agencies. Duplicate CCT listings are maintained when more than one agency holds identical CCT's; this permits the user to select the most convenient site to obtain a copy. Copies of the listing are distributed by EDC to contributing agencies and other selected offices.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey, EROS Data Center","publisherLocation":"Sioux Falls, SD","doi":"10.3133/70039501","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988, FOLD, federally owned Landsat data, April 1988: FOLD, federally owned Landsat data, ix, 240, https://doi.org/10.3133/70039501.","productDescription":"ix, 240","numberOfPages":"252","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261630,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039501/report.pdf"},{"id":261631,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039501/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0e7ce4b0c8380cd5349e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70039524,"text":"70039524 - 1988 - Landforms of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-11T01:01:51","indexId":"70039524","displayToPublicDate":"2008-01-08T13:45:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"title":"Landforms of the United States","docAbstract":"The United States contains a great variety of landforms which offer dramatic contrasts to a cross-country traveler. Mountains and desert areas, tropical jungles and areas of permanently frozen subsoil, and deep canyons and broad plains are examples of the Nation's varied surface. The presentday landforms the features that make up the face of the Earth are products of the slow sculpturing actions of streams and geologic processes that have been at work throughout\r\nthe ages since the Earth's beginning.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","doi":"10.3133/70039524","usgsCitation":"Hack, J., 1988, Landforms of the United States, 19 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039524.","productDescription":"19 p.","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":261648,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039524/report.pdf"},{"id":261649,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/unnumbered/70039524/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a43c9e4b0c8380cd66606","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hack, John T.","contributorId":45168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hack","given":"John T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":466422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":80357,"text":"fwsobs82_10_153 - 1988 - Habitat Suitability Index Models: Red king crab","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-28T16:49:37.797722","indexId":"fwsobs82_10_153","displayToPublicDate":"2007-09-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":1,"text":"Federal Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":20,"text":"FWS/OBS","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":1}},"seriesNumber":"82/10.153","subseriesTitle":"Habitat Suitability Index","title":"Habitat Suitability Index Models: Red king crab","docAbstract":"A review and synthesis of existing information were used to develop a Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model for evaluating habitat of different life stages of red king crab (Paralithodes camtschatica). A model consolidates habitat use information into a framework appropriate for field application, and is scaled to produce an index between 0.0 (unsuitable habitat) and 1.0 (optimum habitat) in Alaskan coastal waters, especially in the Gulf of Alaska and the southeastern Bering Sea. HSI models are designed to be used with Habitat Evaluation Procedures previously developed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Jewett, S.C., and Onuf, C.P., 1988, Habitat Suitability Index Models: Red king crab: FWS/OBS 82/10.153, viii, 34 p.","productDescription":"viii, 34 p.","costCenters":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":192438,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a80e4b07f02db6497d1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Jewett, Stephen C.","contributorId":94397,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jewett","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":292337,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Onuf, Christopher P.","contributorId":55091,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Onuf","given":"Christopher","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":292336,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70188654,"text":"70188654 - 1988 - A comparison of coupled freshwater-saltwater sharp-interface and convective-dispersive models of saltwater intrusion in a layered aquifer system","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-06-20T13:12:16","indexId":"70188654","displayToPublicDate":"2006-07-13T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5430,"text":"Developments in Water Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A comparison of coupled freshwater-saltwater sharp-interface and convective-dispersive models of saltwater intrusion in a layered aquifer system","docAbstract":"<p>Simulated results of the coupled freshwater-saltwater sharp interface and convective-dispersive numerical models are compared by using steady-state cross-sectional simulations. The results indicate that in some aquifers the calculated sharp interface is located further landward than would be expected. </p>","language":"English","publisher":"ScienceDirect","doi":"10.1016/S0167-5648(08)70340-X","usgsCitation":"Hill, M.C., 1988, A comparison of coupled freshwater-saltwater sharp-interface and convective-dispersive models of saltwater intrusion in a layered aquifer system: Developments in Water Science, p. 211-216, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-5648(08)70340-X.","productDescription":"6 p. ","startPage":"211","endPage":"216","costCenters":[{"id":493,"text":"Office of Ground Water","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":342668,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"594a342ae4b062508e36af65","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hill, Mary C. mchill@usgs.gov","contributorId":974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hill","given":"Mary","email":"mchill@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":698758,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":69992,"text":"wri874257 - 1988 - Generalized potentiometric surface of shallow aquifers in southern Mississippi, 1982","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:13:35","indexId":"wri874257","displayToPublicDate":"2005-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4257","title":"Generalized potentiometric surface of shallow aquifers in southern Mississippi, 1982","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/wri874257","usgsCitation":"Boswell, E.H., and Arthur, J.K., 1988, Generalized potentiometric surface of shallow aquifers in southern Mississippi, 1982: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4257, map, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874257.","productDescription":"map","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":258770,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4257/plate-1.pdf","size":"6898","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258771,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4257/report.pdf","size":"509","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":258772,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4257/report-thumb.jpg"}],"scale":"0","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b25e4b07f02db6aed7f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Boswell, E. H.","contributorId":38954,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Boswell","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281648,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arthur, J. K.","contributorId":56223,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arthur","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":281649,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013812,"text":"70013812 - 1988 - Suspended sediment transport under estuarine tidal channel conditions","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T16:06:21.592373","indexId":"70013812","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Suspended sediment transport under estuarine tidal channel conditions","docAbstract":"<p><span>A modified version of the GEOPROBE tripod has been used to monitor flow conditions and suspended sediment distribution in the bottom boundary layer of a tidal channel within San Francisco Bay, California. Measurements were made every 15 minutes over three successive tidal cycles. They included mean velocity profiles from four electromagnetic current meters within 1 m of the seabed; mean suspended sediment concentration profiles from seven miniature nephelometers operated within 1 m of the seabed; near-bottom pressure fluctuations; vertical temperature gradient; and bottom photographs. Additionally, suspended sediment was sampled from four levels within 1 m of the seabed three times during each successive flood and ebb cycle. While the instrument was deployed, STD-nephelometer measurements were made throughout the water column, water samples were collected each 1–2 hours, and bottom sediment was sampled at the deployment site.</span></p><p><span>From these measurements, estimates were made of particle settling velocity (<i>w</i><sub>s</sub>) from size distributions of the suspended sediment, friction velocity (U<sub>*</sub><span id=\"MathJax-Element-1-Frame\" class=\"MathJax_SVG\" data-mathml=\"<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mtext>U</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>&amp;#x2217;</mn></msub></math>\"></span>) from the velocity profiles, and reference concentration (<i>C</i><sub><i>a</i></sub>) was measured at&nbsp;<i>z</i>&nbsp;= 20 cm. These parameters were used in the suspended sediment distribution equations to evaluate their ability to predict the observed suspended sediment profiles. Three suspended sediment particle conditions were evaluated: (1) individual particle size in the 4–11 φ (62.5-0.5 μm) range with the reference concentration&nbsp;<i>C</i><sub><i>a</i></sub>&nbsp;at&nbsp;<i>z</i>&nbsp;= 20 cm (<i>C</i><sub><i>φ</i></sub>), (2) individual particle size in the 4–6 φ size range, flocs representing the 7–11 φ size range with the reference concentration&nbsp;<i>C</i><sub><i>a</i></sub>&nbsp;at&nbsp;<i>z</i>&nbsp;= 20 cm (<i>C</i><sub><i>f</i></sub>), and (3) individual particle size in the 4–6 φ size range, flocs representing the 7–11 φ size range with the reference concentration predicted as a function of the bed sediment size distribution and the square of the excess shear stress. In addition, computations of particle flux were made in order to show vertical variations in horizontal mass flux for varying flow conditions.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90033-4","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Sternberg, R., Kranck, K., Cacchione, D., and Drake, D., 1988, Suspended sediment transport under estuarine tidal channel conditions: Sedimentary Geology, v. 57, no. 3-4, p. 257-272, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90033-4.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"272","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":220667,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"San Francisco","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.92003763874678,\n              38.20837542907606\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.92003763874678,\n              37.66542957885069\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.24118075826485,\n              37.66542957885069\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.24118075826485,\n              38.20837542907606\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.92003763874678,\n              38.20837542907606\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"57","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba308e4b08c986b31fb37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sternberg, R.W.","contributorId":90872,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sternberg","given":"R.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366917,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kranck, K.","contributorId":69708,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kranck","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366916,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cacchione, D.A.","contributorId":65448,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cacchione","given":"D.A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":366915,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Drake, D.E.","contributorId":48150,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Drake","given":"D.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366914,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70014450,"text":"70014450 - 1988 - The record of major quaternary sea-level changes in a large coastal plain estuary, Chesapeake Bay, Eastern United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-11T16:52:11.234529","indexId":"70014450","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The record of major quaternary sea-level changes in a large coastal plain estuary, Chesapeake Bay, Eastern United States","docAbstract":"<p>Seismic-reflection surveys of the Chesapeake Bay, combined with geologic mapping and analysis of boreholes on the Delmarva Peninsula, provide evidence of at least three generations of the Susquehanna River system and three generations of the Chesapeake Bay. The evidence for ancient courses of the Susquehanna River is preserved as three distinct paleochannels, and evidence for ancient versions of the Chesapeake Bay is preserved as three sets of paleochannel fill beneath the bay and three generations of barrier-spit deposits on the southern Delmarva Peninsula. The paleochannels represent relative sea-level minima and the channel-fill and barrier-spit deposits represents relative sea-level maxima. A history of three major marine transgressions is recorded in the stratigraphy preserved in the filled paleochannels and in the overlying barrier-spit complexes: three systematic progressions from fluvial to estuarine to bay or nearshore marine environments. This sea-level record seems to be compatible with the saw-toothed pattern of the marine oxygen-isotope record and with the concept of glacial-interglacial terminations. It also seems to have a climax character in which most of the preserved evidence is related to the largest terminations and to the extreme sea-level positions that bound those terminations. The three paleochannel-fill and barrier-spit complexes appear to correspond to oxygen-isotope stages 1,5, and either 7 or 11; the three related paleochannels correspond to stages 2, 6, and either 8 or 12.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(88)90033-8","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Colman, S.M., and Mixon, R.B., 1988, The record of major quaternary sea-level changes in a large coastal plain estuary, Chesapeake Bay, Eastern United States: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 68, no. 2-4, p. 99-116, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(88)90033-8.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"99","endPage":"116","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225707,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Delaware, Maryland, Virginia","otherGeospatial":"Chesapeake Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -76.78228094710327,\n              39.68226146153455\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.78228094710327,\n              36.90652610059247\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.63167839669876,\n              36.90652610059247\n            ],\n            [\n              -75.63167839669876,\n              39.68226146153455\n            ],\n            [\n              -76.78228094710327,\n              39.68226146153455\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baefce4b08c986b32448f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Colman, Steven M. 0000-0002-0564-9576","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-9576","contributorId":77482,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Colman","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":678,"text":"Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":368422,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Mixon, R. B.","contributorId":11235,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mixon","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368421,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014423,"text":"70014423 - 1988 - Age and height distribution of holocene transgressive deposits in eastern North Island, New Zealand","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-11T17:03:37.836386","indexId":"70014423","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Age and height distribution of holocene transgressive deposits in eastern North Island, New Zealand","docAbstract":"<p><span>Holocene transgressive deposits are frequently exposed near the present-day coastline of the study area along eastern North Island, New Zealand. They occur in sites of former estuaries that were filled during the postglacial rise in sea level. We present one hundred radiocarbon dates of Holocene transgressive deposits from the study area, ranging in age from ca. 10,000 to 5500 yr B.P. Relative sea level curves up to ca. 6000 yr B.P. were reconstructed for six locations. The curves have similar slopes prior to about 7000 yr B.P., indicating that sea level rise was much more rapid than any tectonic uplift at that time.</span></p><p><span>The postglacial rise in sea level in New Zealand is considered, in general, to have culminated at about 6500 yr B.P. but the upper limit ages of transgressive deposits in our study area vary from ca. 5500 to 7000 yr B.P. At sites where the uplift rate is high the postglacial transgression culminated rather earlier than ca. 6500 yr B.P., and at sites where there is subsidence or there is very low uplift the culmination is later than ca. 6500 yr B.P.</span></p><p><span>Nine of fourteen dates from fossil trees in growth position, that grew in and were buried by estuarine silt, cluster in the age range ca. 8000–8400 yr B.P. These data support the view that there was a minor regression or stillstand in the eustatic sea level rise at that time.</span></p><p><span>Eleven tectonic subregions are recognized in the study area on the basis of average uplift rate. Most of these subregions coincide with those established from the number and ages of younger Holocene marine terraces of probable coseismic origin.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(88)90036-3","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Ota, Y., Berryman, K., Hull, A., Miyauchi, T., and Iso, N., 1988, Age and height distribution of holocene transgressive deposits in eastern North Island, New Zealand: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 68, no. 2-4, p. 135-151, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(88)90036-3.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"135","endPage":"151","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225311,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"New Zealand","otherGeospatial":"North Island","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              178.6417968642865,\n              -37.46958737784347\n            ],\n            [\n              174.6587686953701,\n              -37.46958737784347\n            ],\n            [\n              174.6587686953701,\n              -41.87420821870442\n            ],\n            [\n              178.6417968642865,\n              -41.87420821870442\n            ],\n            [\n              178.6417968642865,\n              -37.46958737784347\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"68","issue":"2-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8dde4b0c8380cd47f17","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Ota, Y.","contributorId":22504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ota","given":"Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Berryman, K.R.","contributorId":33464,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berryman","given":"K.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368366,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hull, A.G.","contributorId":9776,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hull","given":"A.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368364,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Miyauchi, T.","contributorId":97259,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Miyauchi","given":"T.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Iso, N.","contributorId":47095,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Iso","given":"N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368367,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}}
,{"id":70013758,"text":"70013758 - 1988 - Wind directions predicted from global circulation models and wind directions determined from eolian sandstones of the western United States - A comparison","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T16:31:50.185277","indexId":"70013758","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Wind directions predicted from global circulation models and wind directions determined from eolian sandstones of the western United States - A comparison","docAbstract":"<p><span>Wind directions for Middle Pennsylvanian through Jurassic time are predicted from global circulation models for the western United States. These predictions are compared with paleowind directions interpreted from eolian sandstones of Middle Pennsylvanian through Jurassic age. Predicted regional wind directions correspond with at least three-quarters of the paleowind data from the sandstones; the rest of the data may indicate problems with correlation, local effects of paleogeography on winds, and lack of resolution of the circulation models. The data and predictions suggest the following paleoclimatic developments through the time interval studied: predominance of winter subtropical high-pressure circulation in the Late Pennsylvanian; predominance of summer subtropical high-pressure circulation in the Permian; predominance of summer monsoonal circulation in the Triassic and earliest Jurassic; and, during the remainder of the Jurassic, influence of both summer subtropical and summer monsoonal circulation, with the boundary between the two systems over the western United States. This sequence of climatic changes is largely owing to paleogeographic changes, which influenced the buildup and breakdown of the monsoonal circulation, and possibly owing partly to a decrease in the global temperature gradient, which might have lessened the influence of the subtropical high-pressure circulation. The atypical humidity of Triassic time probably resulted from the monsoonal circulation created by the geography of Pangaea. This circulation is predicted to have been at a maximum in the Triassic and was likely to have been powerful enough to draw moisture along the equator from the ocean to the west.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90056-5","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Parrish, J.T., and Peterson, F., 1988, Wind directions predicted from global circulation models and wind directions determined from eolian sandstones of the western United States - A comparison: Sedimentary Geology, v. 56, no. 1-4, p. 261-282, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90056-5.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"261","endPage":"282","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219820,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.74621008282108,\n              49.06616805150148\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.43401456721674,\n              39.32461310117381\n            ],\n            [\n              -119.27793710038266,\n              32.56336616144106\n            ],\n            [\n              -115.2334004978079,\n              32.51076568885465\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.20239429606127,\n              31.242030042874426\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.28455707620282,\n              31.304765755873515\n            ],\n            [\n              -108.0292631821473,\n              31.83904781537533\n            ],\n            [\n              -103.76828878610942,\n              29.027187725122783\n            ],\n            [\n              -96.37486337354892,\n              25.26617142567818\n            ],\n            [\n              -95.52119849676404,\n              49.06616805150148\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.74621008282108,\n              49.06616805150148\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bd11fe4b08c986b32f245","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Parrish, Judith T.","contributorId":83945,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Parrish","given":"Judith","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[{"id":218,"text":"Denver Federal Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":366803,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, F.","contributorId":93623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366804,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013843,"text":"70013843 - 1988 - An isotopic study of a fluvial-lacustrine sequence: The Plio-Pleistocene koobi fora sequence, East Africa","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-12T15:37:35.22418","indexId":"70013843","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An isotopic study of a fluvial-lacustrine sequence: The Plio-Pleistocene koobi fora sequence, East Africa","docAbstract":"<p><span>Stable isotopic analyses of Plio-Pleistocene and modern sediments in the fluvial-lacustrine system occupying the Turkana Basin, East Africa provide constraints on the paleoenvironmental and diagenetic histories of the Pliocene through the Recent sediments in the basin. The&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup><span>C values for carbonates in lacustrine sediments range from −15 to +22‰ relative to PDB, depending on the varying proportions of CO</span><sub>2</sub><span>&nbsp;from the atmospheric reservoir and from various metabolic sources. The&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>18</sup><span>O values of carbonates in lacustrine sediments indicate that the isotopic composition of paleolake water varied by over 10‰ from the Pliocene to the present. The&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup><span>C values for pedogenic carbonates record paleoccologic variations and suggest that C</span><sub>4</sub><span>&nbsp;plants did not become well established in the preserved depositional parts of the basin until about 1.8 myr ago. The&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>18</sup><span>O values pedogenic carbonates suggest a range of over 10‰ for the isotopic composition of soil water during this interval. They also suggest a period of major climatic instability from about 3.4 to 3.1 myr and at about 1.8 myr. Together, the&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>13</sup><span>C and&nbsp;</span><i>δ</i><sup>18</sup><span>O values of pedogenic carbonates indicate that the present conditions are as arid and hot as any that had prevailed during deposition of these Plio-Pleistocene sediments.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(88)90104-6","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Cerling, T., Bowman, J.R., and O’Neil, J.R., 1988, An isotopic study of a fluvial-lacustrine sequence: The Plio-Pleistocene koobi fora sequence, East Africa: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 63, no. 4, p. 335-356, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(88)90104-6.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"335","endPage":"356","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219837,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ethiopia, Kenya","otherGeospatial":"Lake Turkana Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              35.45552515509482,\n              6.06521959485184\n            ],\n            [\n              35.45552515509482,\n              2.3585266206236923\n            ],\n            [\n              39.05147077987755,\n              2.3585266206236923\n            ],\n            [\n              39.05147077987755,\n              6.06521959485184\n            ],\n            [\n              35.45552515509482,\n              6.06521959485184\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"63","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea94e4b0c8380cd48965","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cerling, T.E.","contributorId":85720,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cerling","given":"T.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bowman, J. R.","contributorId":29496,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bowman","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366988,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"O’Neil, J. R.","contributorId":69633,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"O’Neil","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70013721,"text":"70013721 - 1988 - Synthesis of late Paleozoic and Mesozoic eolian deposits of the Western Interior of the United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T16:46:54.732846","indexId":"70013721","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Synthesis of late Paleozoic and Mesozoic eolian deposits of the Western Interior of the United States","docAbstract":"<p><span>Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic eolian deposits include rock units that were deposited in ergs (eolian sand seas), erg margins and dune fields. They form an important part of Middle Pennsylvanian through Upper Jurassic sedimentary rocks across the Western Interior of the United States. These sedimentary rock units comprise approximately three dozen major eolian-bearing sequences and several smaller ones. Isopach and facies maps and accompanying cross sections indicate that most eolian units display varied geometry and complex facies relations to adjacent non-eolian rocks.</span></p><p><span>Paleozoic erg deposits are widespread from Montana to Arizona and include Pennsylvanian formations (Weber, Tensleep, Casper and Quadrant Sandstones) chiefly in the Northern and Central Rocky Mountains with some deposits (Hermosa and Supai Groups) on the Colorado Plateau. Lower Permian (Wolfcampian) erg deposits (Weber, Tensleep, Casper, Minnelusa, Ingleside, Cedar Mesa, Elephant Canyon, Queantoweap and Esplanade Formations) are more widespread and thicken into the central Colorado Plateau. Middle Permian (Leonardian I) erg deposits (De Chelly and Schnebly Hill Formations) are distributed across the southern Colorado Plateau on the north edge of the Holbrook basin. Leonardian II erg deposits (Coconino and Glorieta Sandstones) are slightly more widespread on the southern Colorado Plateau. Leonardian III erg deposits formed adjacent to the Toroweap-Kaibab sea in Utah and Arizona (Coconino and White Rim Sandstones) and in north-central Colorado (Lyons Sandstone).</span></p><p><span>Recognized Triassic eolian deposits include major erg deposits in the Jelm Formation of central Colorado-Wyoming and smaller eolian deposits in the Rock Point Member of the Wingate Sandstone and upper Dolores Formation, both of the Four Corners region. None of these have as yet received a modern or thorough study.</span></p><p><span>Jurassic deposits of eolian origin extend from the Black Hills to the southern Cordilleran arc terrain. Lower Jurassic intervals include the Jurassic part of the Wingate Sandstone and the Navajo-Aztec-Nugget complex and coeval deposits in the arc terrain to the south and west of the Colorado Plateau. Major Middle Jurassic deposits include the Page Sandstone on the Colorado Plateau and the widespread Entrada Sandstone, Sundance Formation, and coeval deposits. Less extensive eolian deposits occur in the Carmel Formation, Temple Cap Sandstone, Romana Sandstone and Moab Tongue of the Entrada Sandstone, mostly on the central and western Colorado Plateau. Upper Jurassic eolian deposits include the Bluff Sandstone Member and Recapture Member of the Morrison Formation and Junction Creek Sandstone, all of the Four Corners region, and smaller eolian deposits in the Morrison Formation of central Wyoming and apparently coeval Unkpapa Sandstone of the Black Hills.</span></p><p><span>Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic eolian deposits responded to changing climatic, tectonic and eustatic controls that are documented elsewhere in this volume. All of the eolian deposits are intricately interbedded with non-eolian deposits, including units of fluvial, lacustrine and shallow-marine origin, clearly dispelling the myth that eolian sandstones are simple sheet-like bodies. Rather, these units form some of the most complex bodies in the stratigraphic record.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90050-4","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Blakey, R., Peterson, F., and Kocurek, G., 1988, Synthesis of late Paleozoic and Mesozoic eolian deposits of the Western Interior of the United States: Sedimentary Geology, v. 56, no. 1-4, p. 3-125, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90050-4.","productDescription":"123 p.","startPage":"3","endPage":"125","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219996,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"Western Interior","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -118.23688691457892,\n              46.72509987687408\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.23688691457892,\n              31.343474124109605\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.41490414213115,\n              31.343474124109605\n            ],\n            [\n              -102.41490414213115,\n              46.72509987687408\n            ],\n            [\n              -118.23688691457892,\n              46.72509987687408\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba355e4b08c986b31fc76","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blakey, R.C.","contributorId":58774,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blakey","given":"R.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366715,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Peterson, F.","contributorId":93623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kocurek, G.","contributorId":28005,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kocurek","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366714,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70013746,"text":"70013746 - 1988 - Pennsylvanian to Jurassic eolian transportation systems in the western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T16:41:30.669888","indexId":"70013746","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pennsylvanian to Jurassic eolian transportation systems in the western United States","docAbstract":"<div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">The direction of sediment transport in eolian sandstones of Pennsylvanian to Jurassic age was interpreted from crossbedding resultants (vector means) obtained from studies of eolian rocks in the western U.S., supplemented by data from the few eolian units of eastern North America. These were compiled from the published or unpublished (theses) literature, from unpublished field data contributed by colleagues, or from measurements made for this study. In addition, new paleogeographic maps were compiled to evaluate the influence of geographic features on the atmospheric circulation patterns that are inferred from the crossbedding studies.</div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Regionally, the crossbedding indicates northeasterly, northerly, or northwesterly winds (present coordinates) from Pennsylvanian through most of Middle Jurassic time. A rather abrupt change in wind directions occurred in late Middle Jurassic time (late part of the Callovian Age) when westerly wind patterns developed. By the Late Jurassic the winds shifted to southwesterly.</div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\"><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Calculations of the consistency factor (vector mean strength) made from region-wide analyses of the resultants indicate fairly unidirectional winds from the Pennsylvanian through the Early Jurassic. Middle Jurassic circulation was more varied, judging from crossbedding studies in the lower part of the Entrada Sandstone. Crossbedding in Upper Jurassic eolian rocks of Wyoming and South Dakota yielded a random pattern but Upper Jurassic rocks farther south on the Colorado Plateau and adjoining areas show a return to a fairly unidirectional pattern.</div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\"><br data-mce-bogus=\"1\"></div><div class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Comparing the resultants with their reconstructed paleogeographic setting shows surprisingly little influence of major geographic features on overall circulation patterns. However, the greatest amount of local variation occurred at or near highly indented shorelines where the temperature contrast between land and water produces local wind currents that may vary appreciably from regional circulation patterns. Although they do not cause noticeable horizontal deflections in wind patterns, small and low topographic highs appear to be able to promote the development of a dune field if a source of sand is available and if streams do not enter the growing dune field.</div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90055-3","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Peterson, F., 1988, Pennsylvanian to Jurassic eolian transportation systems in the western United States: Sedimentary Geology, v. 56, no. 1-4, p. 207-260, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90055-3.","productDescription":"54 p.","startPage":"207","endPage":"260","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220501,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -124.47595886671127,\n              49.07470102523743\n            ],\n            [\n              -125.1458421180222,\n              39.60686323585232\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.51939376141257,\n              34.251250002755896\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.37055395943449,\n              32.53648117201858\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.17756086130379,\n              31.453611595954953\n            ],\n            [\n              -101.3613518274548,\n              31.468080328814324\n            ],\n            [\n              -100.49461424388355,\n              49.0900409957824\n            ],\n            [\n              -124.47595886671127,\n              49.07470102523743\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"56","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7655e4b0c8380cd7805f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Peterson, F.","contributorId":93623,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Peterson","given":"F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366783,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013677,"text":"70013677 - 1988 - Aftershocks of the western Argentina (Caucete) earthquake of 23 November 1977: Some tectonic implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-25T15:39:57.896156","indexId":"70013677","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-22T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aftershocks of the western Argentina (Caucete) earthquake of 23 November 1977: Some tectonic implications","docAbstract":"<p><span>An aftershock survey, using a network of eight portable and two permanent seismographs, was conducted for the western Argentina (Caucete) earthquake (</span><i>M</i><sub><i>S</i></sub><span>&nbsp;7.3) of November 23, 1977. Monitoring began December 6, almost 2 weeks after the main shock and continued for 11 days. The data set includes 185 aftershock hypocenters that range in the depth from near surface to more than 30 km. The spatial distribution of those events occupied a volume of about 100 km long ×50 km wide ×30 km thick. The volumnar nature of the aftershock distribution is interpreted to be a result of a bimodal distribution of foci that define east- and west-dipping planar zones. Efforts to select which of those zones was associated with the causal faulting include special attention to the determination of the mainshock focal depth and dislocation theory modeling of the coseismic surface deformation in the epicentral region. Our focal depth (25–35 km) and modeling studies lead us to prefer an east-dipping plane as causal. A previous interpretation by other investigators used a shallower focal depth (17 km) and similar modeling calculations in choosing a west-dipping plane. Our selection of the east-dipping plane is physically more appealing because it places fault initiation at the base of the crustal seismogenic layer (rather than in the middle of that layer) which requires fault propagation to be updip (rather than downdip).</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(88)90166-7","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Langer, C., and Bollinger, G.A., 1988, Aftershocks of the western Argentina (Caucete) earthquake of 23 November 1977: Some tectonic implications: Tectonophysics, v. 148, no. 1-2, p. 131-146, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(88)90166-7.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"131","endPage":"146","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220157,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Argentina","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -68.31581448033793,\n              -31.101424732207356\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.31581448033793,\n              -31.99657323096657\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.57002983228087,\n              -31.99657323096657\n            ],\n            [\n              -67.57002983228087,\n              -31.101424732207356\n            ],\n            [\n              -68.31581448033793,\n              -31.101424732207356\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"148","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e8d4e4b0c8380cd47ed3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Langer, C.J.","contributorId":31395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Langer","given":"C.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366616,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bollinger, G. A.","contributorId":55809,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bollinger","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366617,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014698,"text":"70014698 - 1988 - Fossil diatoms and neogene paleolimnology","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-11T16:41:05.590909","indexId":"70014698","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Fossil diatoms and neogene paleolimnology","docAbstract":"<p><span>Diatoms have played an important role in the development of Neogene continental biostratigraphy and paleolimnology since the mid-19th Century. The history of progress in Quaternary diatom biostratigraphy has developed as a result of improved coring techniques that enable sampling sediments beneath existing lakes coupled with improved chronological control (including radiometric dating and varve enumeration), improved statistical treatment of fossil diatom assemblages (from qualitative description to influx calculations of diatom numbers or volumes), and improved ecological information about analogous living diatom associations. The last factor, diatom ecology, is the most critical in many ways, but progresses slowly. Fortunately, statistical comparison of modern diatom assemblages and insightful studies of the nutrient requirements of some common freshwater species are enabling diatom paleolimnologists to make more detailed interpretations of the Quaternary record than had been possible earlier, and progress in the field of diatom biology and ecology will continue to refine paleolimnological studies.</span></p><p><span>The greater age and geologic setting of Tertiary diatomaceous deposits has prompted their study in the contexts of geologic history, biochronology and evolution. The distribution of diatoms of marine affinities in continental deposits has given geologists insights about tectonism and sea-level change, and the distribution of distinctive (extinct?) diatoms has found utilization both in making stratigraphic correlations between outcrops of diatomaceous deposits and in various types of biochronological studies that involve dating deposits in different areas.</span></p><p><span>A continental diatom biochronologic scheme will rely upon evolution, such as the appearance of new genera within a family, in combination with regional environmental changes that are responsible for the wide distribution of distinctive diatom species. The increased use of the scanning electron microscope for the detailed descriptions of fossil diatoms will provide the basis for making more accurate correlations and identifications, and the micromorphological detail for speculations about evolutionary relationships.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(88)90059-4","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Platt, B.J., 1988, Fossil diatoms and neogene paleolimnology: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 62, no. 1-4, p. 299-316, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(88)90059-4.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"299","endPage":"316","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225396,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1385e4b0c8380cd546a5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Platt, Bradbury J.","contributorId":67651,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Platt","given":"Bradbury","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369031,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013679,"text":"70013679 - 1988 - Seismic anisotropy in mylonites: An example from the Mannin Thrust Zone, southwest Connemara, Ireland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-08-21T16:51:12.560282","indexId":"70013679","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3525,"text":"Tectonophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic anisotropy in mylonites: An example from the Mannin Thrust Zone, southwest Connemara, Ireland","docAbstract":"<p>Mylonites associated with the Mannin Thrust zone of southwesternmost Connemara formed when the high-grade metamorphic rocks typical of most of the Connemara massif were thrust to the southeast over low metamorphic grade (low greenschist facies?) acid volcanics and volcaniclastic sediments, while being metamorphosed in the epidote-amphibolite facies. Triaxial and biaxial ultrasonic velocity measurements of mylonite specimens from a 240 m borehole have established that there is significant seismic anisotropy up to about 11% when comparing velocities perpendicular and parallel to the foliation. This would ultimately lead to a reflection coefficient of about 0.02 when comparing the mean \"isotropic\" seismic velocity with that perpendicular to the foliation. The finely striped, discontinunous mineral lithons that define mylonitic foliation, but which form no real and continuous surfaces, could interact with seismic energy to produce \"reflections\" that do not relate to lithological contacts within the rocks but to a tectonically induced, orientated acoustic impedance. However, the results support the work of others in suggesting that on its own the fabric would not produce the high amplitude reflections observed on deep seismic lines and other mechanisms need to be investigated.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0040-1951(88)90158-8","issn":"00401951","usgsCitation":"Chroston, P., and Max, M., 1988, Seismic anisotropy in mylonites: An example from the Mannin Thrust Zone, southwest Connemara, Ireland: Tectonophysics, v. 148, no. 1-2, p. 29-39, https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-1951(88)90158-8.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"29","endPage":"39","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220159,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Ireland","otherGeospatial":"southwest Connemara","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -10.178048845149362,\n              53.47804179943043\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.178048845149362,\n              53.0460178660762\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.890870973237725,\n              53.0460178660762\n            ],\n            [\n              -8.890870973237725,\n              53.47804179943043\n            ],\n            [\n              -10.178048845149362,\n              53.47804179943043\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"148","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b8af3e4b08c986b3174b1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chroston, P.N.","contributorId":30356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chroston","given":"P.N.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366625,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Max, M.D.","contributorId":17366,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Max","given":"M.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366624,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70014114,"text":"70014114 - 1988 - Lacustrine varve formation through time","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-12T15:24:39.839502","indexId":"70014114","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2996,"text":"Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology","printIssn":"0031-0182","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lacustrine varve formation through time","docAbstract":"<p>Studies using sediment traps in lakes reveal that the seasonal flux of sediment regulates both the composition and timing of deposition of materials that reach the bottoms of lakes. If the bottom waters of a lake are partly or totally anoxic, the seasonally deposited materials are preserved as annual groupings of laminae (varves). Common components that form individual laminae consist of allochthonous clastic material derived from the drainage basin, precipitated carbonate minerals, diatom frustules, iron-rich and manganese-rich flocs, autochthonous organic detritus, and autochthonous and allochthonous materials resuspended from the bottom. </p><p>The \"style\" of varving has changed over geologic time, reflecting changes in biologic evolution and types of materials available. Precipitated iron-rich laminations were common in the middle Precambrian. Graded sets of clastic organic laminations persisted through the Precambrian, prior to the evolution of bioturbating benthic organisms. Glaciolacustrine varves appear to have retained their distinctive character through time. Carbonate-rich varves occurred sporadically in the Precambrian and Phanerozoic. </p><p>With the exception of diatoms, major components of modern lacustrine varves were present through the Paleozoic and Mesozoic, and yet varves are rare in strata of these ages, and may have accumulated in marine to brackish-water environments. Diatoms were introduced into lacustrine systems in Early Tertiary time and are common components of varves from then on. Diatom laminae, combined with a greater chance for geologic preservation of younger lake deposits, have increased the number of geologically young occurrences of varved sediments. However, seasonal associations of modern varve components, and the processes they represent, are present in ancient deposits and provide clues to the interpretation of ancient environments.&nbsp;</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0031-0182(88)90055-7","issn":"00310182","usgsCitation":"Anderson, R., and Dean, W., 1988, Lacustrine varve formation through time: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, v. 62, no. 1-4, p. 215-235, https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(88)90055-7.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"215","endPage":"235","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225233,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"62","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4130e4b0c8380cd65379","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Anderson, R.Y.","contributorId":22789,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"R.Y.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367614,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Dean, W.E.","contributorId":97099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":367615,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70013763,"text":"70013763 - 1988 - A proposed mechanism for the formation of spherical vivianite crystal aggregates in sediments","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T16:13:30.245279","indexId":"70013763","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A proposed mechanism for the formation of spherical vivianite crystal aggregates in sediments","docAbstract":"<p><span>Vivianite [Fe</span><sub>3</sub><span>(PO</span><sub>4</sub><span>)</span><sub>2</sub><span>·8H</span><sub>2</sub><span>O] is often found in the form of nodules composed of spherical aggregates of crystals. Crystallization of vivianite in agar gels of various concentrations yield crystal aggregates (nodules) that have spherical morphology and a bimodal size distribution. The aggregates were formed under both biotic and abiotic conditions. When special redox cells fitted with electrodes were used, more perfect spherical structures were formed when the electrodes were shorted than when they were on open circuit.</span></p><p><span>In nature, vivianite nodules generally are found in sediments or clays that are gelatinous, often caused by the presence of organic debris. A model consistent with experimental observations and based on the dynamics of gels is proposed to explain a possible origin of nodular vivianite. To maintain iron and phosphate concentrations in sedimentary pore spaces filled with gel-like organic debris, the electric field spanning the aerobic-anerobic zones in the upper sediments may be an important driving force in addition to diffusion. It is suggested that the combination of the gel medium in the pore spaces and the natural electric field in the upper sediments could be contributing causes to explain the spherical aggregates of vivianite crystals found in nature.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90103-0","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Zelibor, J., Senftle, F.E., and Reinhardt, J., 1988, A proposed mechanism for the formation of spherical vivianite crystal aggregates in sediments: Sedimentary Geology, v. 59, no. 1-2, p. 125-142, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90103-0.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"125","endPage":"142","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":219878,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"59","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059e516e4b0c8380cd46b03","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Zelibor, J.L. Jr.","contributorId":91622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zelibor","given":"J.L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Senftle, F. E.","contributorId":47788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Senftle","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366813,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Reinhardt, J.L.","contributorId":63162,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinhardt","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70014862,"text":"70014862 - 1988 - Paleolimnology of Lake Tubutulik, an iron-meromictic Eocene Lake, eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-23T15:58:13.829338","indexId":"70014862","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-14T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3368,"text":"Sedimentary Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Paleolimnology of Lake Tubutulik, an iron-meromictic Eocene Lake, eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska","docAbstract":"<p><span>Sideritic lacustrine mudstone was found in drill core from a uranium deposit in the Death Valley area in the eastern part of the Seward Peninsula, Alaska. The precursor sediments for this rock were deposited in an unusual “iron-meromictic” Eocene lake, herein named Lake Tubutulik, which occupied part of the Boulder Creek basin, a structural graben that is probably a southern extension of the larger Death Valley basin. The Boulder Creek basin is bounded on the west by granite of the Late Cretaceous Darby Pluton, on the east by Precambrian to Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks. The lake basin was formed by basaltic flows that dammed the river valley of the ancestral Tubutulik River in early Eocene time. Lake Tubutulik contained a nearshore facies of fine-grained organic mud and an offshore facies of laminated sideritic mud. The offshore (profundal) laminated mudstone consists of alternating layers of authigenic siderite and detrital layers containing mostly quartz and clay minerals. Both lacustrine facies contain turbidities. The lacustrine sediments graded laterally into an onshore facies of colluvial and fluvial sandstone, paludal mudstone, and coal.</span></p><p><span>The ancient lake apparently occupied a small deep basin in a tectonically active area of high relief. Meromixus was probably stabilized by reduced iron and bicarbonate dissolved in the monimolimnion. The intensity of meromixus decreased as the lake became shallower from sediment filling. The source of the iron, abundant in the monimolimnion of Lake Tubutulik, was probably the Eocene basalt. Based on carbon isotope analysis of the siderite, the dissolved bicarbonate in the profundal facies was largely inorganic. Sideritic carbon in one sample from the onshore paludal facies has an isotopic signature (<i>δ</i><sup>13</sup>C = +16.9) consistent with residual carbon formed during methanogenic fermentation.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0037-0738(88)90038-3","issn":"00370738","usgsCitation":"Dickinson, K.A., 1988, Paleolimnology of Lake Tubutulik, an iron-meromictic Eocene Lake, eastern Seward Peninsula, Alaska: Sedimentary Geology, v. 54, no. 4, p. 303-320, https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(88)90038-3.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"303","endPage":"320","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225798,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"eastern Seward Peninsula","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -168.56866198677457,\n              66.86135114826158\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.56866198677457,\n              64.30825678061103\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.65347847293947,\n              64.30825678061103\n            ],\n            [\n              -160.65347847293947,\n              66.86135114826158\n            ],\n            [\n              -168.56866198677457,\n              66.86135114826158\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a73ffe4b0c8380cd7739b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dickinson, Kendall A.","contributorId":293002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Dickinson","given":"Kendall","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369469,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70013680,"text":"70013680 - 1988 - Use of airborne imaging spectrometer data to map minerals associated with hydrothermally altered rocks in the northern Grapevine Mountains, Nevada, and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-17T16:03:26.450169","indexId":"70013680","displayToPublicDate":"2003-04-11T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3254,"text":"Remote Sensing of Environment","printIssn":"0034-4257","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of airborne imaging spectrometer data to map minerals associated with hydrothermally altered rocks in the northern Grapevine Mountains, Nevada, and California","docAbstract":"<p><span>Three flightlines of Airborne Imaging Spectrometer (AIS) data, acquired over the northern Grapevine Mountains, Nevada, and California, were used to map minerals associated with hydrothermally altered rocks. The data were processed to remove vertical striping, normalized using an equal area normalization, and reduced to reflectance relative to an average spectrum derived from the data. An algorithm was developed to automatically calculate the absorption band parameters band position, band depth, and band width for the strongest absorption feature in each pixel. These parameters were mapped into an intensity, hue, saturation (IHS) color system to produce a single color image that summarized the absorption band information, This image was used to map areas of potential alteration based upon the predicted relationships between the color image and mineral absorption band. Individual AIS spectra for these areas were then examined to identify specific minerals. Two types of alteration were mapped with the AIS data. Areas of quartz-sericite-pyrite alteration were identified based upon a strong absorption feature near 2.21 μm, a weak shoulder near 2.25 μm, and a weak absorption band near 2.35 μm caused by sericite (fine-grained muscovite). Areas of argillic alteration were defined based on the presence of montmorillonite, identified by a weak to moderate absorption feature near 2.21 μm and the absence of the 2.35 μm band. Montmorillonite could not be identified in mineral mixtures. Calcite and dolomite were identified based on sharp absorption features near 2.34 and 2.32 μm, respectively. Areas of alteration identified using the AIS data corresponded well with areas mapped using field mapping, field reflectance spectra, and laboratory spectral measurements.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0034-4257(88)90004-1","issn":"00344257","usgsCitation":"Kruse, F., 1988, Use of airborne imaging spectrometer data to map minerals associated with hydrothermally altered rocks in the northern Grapevine Mountains, Nevada, and California: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 24, no. 1, p. 31-51, https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-4257(88)90004-1.","productDescription":"21 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"51","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220213,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California, Nevada","otherGeospatial":"northern Grapevine Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -117.25035077426466,\n              37.014559377695576\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.25035077426466,\n              36.75769172696985\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.86542089423386,\n              36.75769172696985\n            ],\n            [\n              -116.86542089423386,\n              37.014559377695576\n            ],\n            [\n              -117.25035077426466,\n              37.014559377695576\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbeaee4b08c986b329711","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kruse, F.A.","contributorId":30676,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kruse","given":"F.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":366626,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
]}