We studied nutrient sources to the Sacramento River and Suisun Bay (northern San Francisco Bay) and the influence which these sources have on the distributions of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) in the river and bay. We found that agricultural return flow drains and a municipal wastewater treatment plant were the largest sources of nutrients to the river during low river flow. The Sutter and Colusa agricultural drains contributed about 70% of the transport of DIN and DRP by the river above Sacramento (about 20% of the total transport by the river) between August 8 and September 26, 1985. Further downstream, the Sacramento Regional Wastewater Treatment Plant discharged DIN and DRP at rates that were roughly 70% of total DIN and DRP transport by the river at that time. Concentrations at Rio Vista on the tidal river below the Sacramento plant and at the head of the estuary were related to the reciprocals of the river flows, indicating the importance of dilution of the Sacramento waste by river flows. During very dry years, elevated DIN and DRP concentrations were observed in Suisun Bay. We used a steady-state, one-dimensional, single-compartment box model of the bay, incorporating terms for advection, exchange, and waste input, to calculate a residual rate for all processes not included in the model. We found that the residual for DIN was related to concentrations of chlorophylla (Chla). The residual for DRP was also related to Chla at high concentrations of Chla, but showed significant losses of DRP at low Chla concentrations. These losses were typically equivalent to about 80% of the wastewater input rate.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.2307/1352708","issn":"15592723","usgsCitation":"Hager, S., and Schemel, L., 1992, Sources of nitrogen and phosphorus to Northern San Francisco Bay: Estuaries, v. 15, no. 1, p. 40-52, https://doi.org/10.2307/1352708.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"40","endPage":"52","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205530,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02690060"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.52365112304688,\n 37.40943717748788\n ],\n [\n -121.64886474609375,\n 37.40943717748788\n ],\n [\n -121.64886474609375,\n 38.190704293996504\n ],\n [\n -122.52365112304688,\n 38.190704293996504\n ],\n [\n -122.52365112304688,\n 37.40943717748788\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9388e4b08c986b31a53c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hager, S.W.","contributorId":51746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hager","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schemel, L. E.","contributorId":89529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schemel","given":"L. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014919,"text":"70014919 - 1992 - Methanogenic degradation kinetics of phenolic compounds in aquifer-derived microcosms","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-28T07:11:28","indexId":"70014919","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1003,"text":"Biodegradation","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methanogenic degradation kinetics of phenolic compounds in aquifer-derived microcosms","docAbstract":"In this segment of a larger multidisciplinary study of the movement and fate of creosote derived compounds in a sand-and-gravel aquifer, we present evidence that the methanogenic degradation of the major biodegradable phenolic compounds and concomitant microbial growth in batch microcosms derived from contaminated aquifer material can be described using Monod kinetics. Substrate depletion and bacterial growth curves were fitted to the Monod equations using nonlinear regression analysis. The method of Marquardt was used for the determination of parameter values that best fit the experimental data by minimizing the residual sum of squares. The Monod kinetic constants (μ max , Ks, Y, and kd) that describe phenol, 2-, 3-, and 4-methylphenol degradation and concomitant microbial growth were determined under conditions that were substantially different from those previously reported for microcosms cultured from sewage sludge. The Ks values obtained in this study are approximately two orders of magnitude lower than values obtained for the anaerobic degradation of phenol in digesting sewage sludge, indicating that the aquifer microorganisms have developed enzyme systems that are adapted to low nutrient conditions. The values for kdare much less than μmax, and can be neglected in the microcosms. The extremely low Y values, approximately 3 orders of magnitude lower than for the sewage sludge derived cultures, and the very low numbers of microorganisms in the aquifer derived microcosms suggest that these organisms use some unique strategies to survive in the subsurface environment.
","language":"English","publisher":"Kluwer Academic Publishers","doi":"10.1007/BF00114553","issn":"09239820","usgsCitation":"Godsy, E., Goerlitz, D., and Grbic-Galic, D., 1992, Methanogenic degradation kinetics of phenolic compounds in aquifer-derived microcosms: Biodegradation, v. 2, no. 4, p. 211-221, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00114553.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"211","endPage":"221","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223954,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205431,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00114553"}],"volume":"2","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5543e4b0c8380cd6d18a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Godsy, E.M.","contributorId":56685,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Godsy","given":"E.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369606,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Goerlitz, D.F.","contributorId":8445,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goerlitz","given":"D.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369605,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Grbic-Galic, D.","contributorId":80824,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Grbic-Galic","given":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369607,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70016151,"text":"70016151 - 1992 - Chloride interference in the analysis of dissolved organic carbon by the wet oxidation method","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-14T16:44:09","indexId":"70016151","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chloride interference in the analysis of dissolved organic carbon by the wet oxidation method","docAbstract":"The presence of Cl- in concentrations greater than 0.02 M is shown to interfere with the analysis of aqueous DOC concentrations by the wet oxidation method of analysis when a reaction time of 5 min is employed. Chloride competes with DOC for S2O82-, lowering the overall oxidation efficiency. The resulting HOCl from the oxidation of Cl- reacts with DOC, producing significant amounts of chlorinated intermediate compounds in addition to CO2. These compounds were found in the waste effluent from the reaction chamber and in the gas stream transporting CO2 to the detector. While a possible Cl- effect has been noted for DOC measurements in the past, it has not previously been demonstrated to be a source of error at the concentrations reported in this paper. The interference can be overcome either by increasing the digestion time or by diluting samples to contain less than 0.02 M Cl-.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es00036a015","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Aiken, G.R., 1992, Chloride interference in the analysis of dissolved organic carbon by the wet oxidation method: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 26, no. 12, p. 2435-2439, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00036a015.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"2435","endPage":"2439","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":222944,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205316,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00036a015"}],"volume":"26","issue":"12","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f5c6e4b0c8380cd4c3f0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aiken, George R. 0000-0001-8454-0984 graiken@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":209507,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"George","email":"graiken@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":372681,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016167,"text":"70016167 - 1992 - Ground-water models cannot be validated","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-15T05:32:33","indexId":"70016167","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":664,"text":"Advances in Water Resources","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Ground-water models cannot be validated","docAbstract":"Ground-water models are embodiments of scientific hypotheses. As such, the models cannot be proven or validated, but only tested and invalidated. However, model testing and the evaluation of predictive errors lead to improved models and a better understanding of the problem at hand. In applying ground-water models to field problems, errors arise from conceptual deficiencies, numerical errors, and inadequate parameter estimation. Case histories of model applications to the Dakota Aquifer, South Dakota, to bedded salts in New Mexico, and to the upper Coachella Valley, California, illustrate that calibration produces a nonunique solution and that validation, per se, is a futile objective. Although models are definitely valuable tools for analyzing ground-water systems, their predictive accuracy is limited. The terms validation and verification are misleading and their use in ground-water science should be abandoned in favor of more meaningful model-assessment descriptors.
In one river, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn were analysed in insects and in fine bed sediments over a 381-km reach downstream of a large copper mining complex. In another river, As contamination from a gold mine was assessed in insects and bed sediments over a 40-km reach. All insect taxa collected in contaminated river reaches had elevated whole-body trace element concentrations, but few species were distributed throughout the study reaches. Comparisons of contamination at taxomic levels higher than species were complicated by element-specific differences in bioaccumulation among taxa. These differences appeared to be governed by biological and hydrogeochemical factors. Variation in element concentrations among species of the caddisfly Hydropsyche was slightly greater than within individual species. If this genus is representative of others, comparisons of contamination within genera may be a practical alternative for biomonitoring studies when single species are not available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Canadian Science Publishing ","doi":"10.1139/f92-237","usgsCitation":"Cain, D., Luoma, S., Carter, J., and Fend, S., 1992, Aquatic insects as bioindicators of trace element contamination in cobble-bottom rivers and streams: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, v. 49, no. 10, p. 2141-2154, https://doi.org/10.1139/f92-237.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"2141","endPage":"2154","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223362,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269547,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f92-237"}],"volume":"49","issue":"10","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ed0fe4b0c8380cd495d6","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cain, D.J.","contributorId":68329,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cain","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373155,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Luoma, S. N.","contributorId":86353,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Luoma","given":"S. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373156,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Carter, J.L.","contributorId":26030,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Carter","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373154,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Fend, S.V. 0000-0002-4638-6602","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4638-6602","contributorId":99702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fend","given":"S.V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373157,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70016314,"text":"70016314 - 1992 - Development of spatial data guidelines and standards: spatial data set documentation to support hydrologic analysis in the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:41","indexId":"70016314","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Development of spatial data guidelines and standards: spatial data set documentation to support hydrologic analysis in the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"Spatial data analysis has become an integral component in many surface and sub-surface hydrologic investigations within the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Currently, one of the largest costs in applying spatial data analysis is the cost of developing the needed spatial data. Therefore, guidelines and standards are required for the development of spatial data in order to allow for data sharing and reuse; this eliminates costly redevelopment. In order to attain this goal, the USGS is expanding efforts to identify guidelines and standards for the development of spatial data for hydrologic analysis. Because of the variety of project and database needs, the USGS has concentrated on developing standards for documenting spatial sets to aid in the assessment of data set quality and compatibility of different data sets. An interim data set documentation standard (1990) has been developed that provides a mechanism for associating a wide variety of information with a data set, including data about source material, data automation and editing procedures used, projection parameters, data statistics, descriptions of features and feature attributes, information on organizational contacts lists of operations performed on the data, and free-form comments and notes about the data, made at various times in the evolution of the data set. The interim data set documentation standard has been automated using a commercial geographic information system (GIS) and data set documentation software developed by the USGS. Where possible, USGS developed software is used to enter data into the data set documentation file automatically. The GIS software closely associates a data set with its data set documentation file; the documentation file is retained with the data set whenever it is modified, copied, or transferred to another computer system. The Water Resources Division of the USGS is continuing to develop spatial data and data processing standards, with emphasis on standards needed to support hydrologic analysis, hydrologic data processing, and publication of hydrologic thermatic maps. There is a need for the GIS vendor community to develop data set documentation tools similar to those developed by the USGS, or to incorporate USGS developed tools in their software.","largerWorkTitle":"ASTM Special Technical Publication","conferenceTitle":"International Symposium on Mapping and Geographic Information Systems","conferenceDate":"21 June 1990 through 22 June 1990","conferenceLocation":"San Francisco, CA, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASTM","publisherLocation":"Philadelphia, PA, United States","issn":"10403094","usgsCitation":"Fulton, J.L., 1992, Development of spatial data guidelines and standards: spatial data set documentation to support hydrologic analysis in the U.S. Geological Survey, in ASTM Special Technical Publication, no. 1126, San Francisco, CA, USA, 21 June 1990 through 22 June 1990, p. 30-37.","startPage":"30","endPage":"37","numberOfPages":"8","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":223416,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"issue":"1126","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0064e4b0c8380cd4f739","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Fulton, James L.","contributorId":103798,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Fulton","given":"James","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373161,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016337,"text":"70016337 - 1992 - Radiocarbon dating of groundwater in a confined aquifer in southeast Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-07-16T15:46:31.702555","indexId":"70016337","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3225,"text":"Radiocarbon","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Radiocarbon dating of groundwater in a confined aquifer in southeast Arizona","docAbstract":"Radiocarbon, δ13C and major-element data were used to construct a geochemical framework for interpretation of the hydrological flow system in the lower San Pedro basin, southeastern Arizona, USA. The 14C and major-element data show a regional confined aquifer that extends throughout most of the basin. Groundwater ages, after correcting for chemistry, are greater than 10 ka bp. The groundwater ages do not increase in a downvalley direction, the assumed direction of groundwater movement in most intermontane basins in the region, but along general flow paths normal to the mountains toward the center of the basin. Recharge to the confined aquifer originates from infiltration of precipitation and runoff near the alluvium-mountain contact along the Galiuro Mountains and is discharged by evapotranspiration along the center of the basin. The hydrogeological concept of the 14C model is supported by the water chemistry and by the mass transfer defined by the chemical model. Weathering of primary silicate minerals in the confined aquifer does not occur downvalley, but only along the direction of flow. Hydraulic conductivities calculated for the aquifer from 14C velocities are about an order of magnitude slower than those determined through hydrological methods. The lower hydraulic-conductivity values are attributed to a thick confining layer overlying the discharge area along the San Pedro River.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","doi":"10.1017/S0033822200063955","issn":"00338222","usgsCitation":"Robertson, F.N., 1992, Radiocarbon dating of groundwater in a confined aquifer in southeast Arizona: Radiocarbon, v. 34, no. 3, p. 664-676, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033822200063955.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"664","endPage":"676","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":492437,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200063955","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":223007,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"34","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2016-07-18","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a93e0e4b0c8380cd810a1","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Robertson, F. N.","contributorId":66737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Robertson","given":"F.","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016339,"text":"70016339 - 1992 - Consumption of freons CFC-11 and CFC-12 by anaerobic sediments and soils","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T11:28:42","indexId":"70016339","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Consumption of freons CFC-11 and CFC-12 by anaerobic sediments and soils","docAbstract":"A variety of anaerobic sediments and soils consumed CFC-11 (CFCl3) and CFC-12 (CF2Cl2). An aerobic soil did not. Active microbial metabolism was required for CFC-12 uptake in all of the sediments examined. CFC-11 uptake was faster in the presence of microbial activity, but reduced components in the sediments also resulted in nonenzymatic CFC-11 consumption in most instances. CFC-12 uptake in a culture of Clostridium pasteurianum provided a model for the sediment uptake of CFC-11 and CFC-12 that required active microbial metabolism. Consumption of CFC-11 in the presence of reduced hematin demonstrated a potential mechanism for nonenzymatic CFC-11 consumption. These findings demonstrate that CFC-11 and CFC-12 are not biochemically inert under anaerobic conditions. This suggests that anaerobic degradation of CFC-11 and CFC-12 in anaerobic landfills might prevent some disposed CFC-11 and CFC-12 from entering the atmosphere. The results also suggest that CFC-11 and CFC-12 cannot be used as stable tracers in anaerobic environments. Furthermore, although the microbial sink for atmospheric CFC-11 and CFC-12 is much less than current anthropogenic release, this sink could have a significant long-term effect on the amount of CFC-11 and CFC-12 reaching the stratosphere.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es00029a009","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Lovley, D.R., and Woodward, J., 1992, Consumption of freons CFC-11 and CFC-12 by anaerobic sediments and soils: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 26, no. 5, p. 925-929, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00029a009.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"925","endPage":"929","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":223056,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fa27e4b0c8380cd4d969","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovley, Derek R.","contributorId":107852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovley","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Woodward, J.C.","contributorId":62590,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Woodward","given":"J.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016550,"text":"70016550 - 1992 - Groundwater flow, velocity, and age in a thick, fine-grained till unit in southeastern Wisconsin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-06T16:54:10.902405","indexId":"70016550","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater flow, velocity, and age in a thick, fine-grained till unit in southeastern Wisconsin","docAbstract":"Piezometer nests were installed at study sites in each of five north-south-trending end moraines of the late Pleistocene Oak Creek Formation in southeastern Wisconsin. The formation is composed primarily of a fine-grained glacial diamicton (till) and laterally continuous and discontinuous, coarse-grained lake and meltwater stream sediment. It overlies the Silurian dolomite aquifer, which is a source of drinking water to rural areas. The average vertical linear velocity and age of ground water in the Oak Creek Formation were estimated by three methods: Darcy's Law, environmental isotopes including 3H, δ2H, δ18O, and 14C (dissolved inorganic carbon), and solute transport modeling of 18O. The F-1 and Metro sites in the Tinley moraine showed excellent agreement among the three estimates of vertical velocity and showed the lowest velocity values (0.3–0.5 cm year−1 downward), which suggests that diffusion controls vertical mass transport at these sites. Although the extrapolated maximum age of ground water is 35 000 years, ground water below 75 m at these sites is probably not older than 15 000 years, which is the maximum age of the formation. Estimates of velocity showed less agreement at study sites in the Lake Border moraine system to the east and ranged from about 0.2 to 20.7 cm year−1; maximum groundwater age could range from 213 to 6000 years. Higher and more variable velocities, perhaps owing to thinner and more heterogeneous sediment in these areas, suggest that diffusion may not dominate vertical mass transport. Heterogeneity and fractures may also promote the development of groundwater flow systems dominated by lateral flow. Because of the uncertainty about the nature of groundwater flow, velocity, and age in the formation east of the Tinley moraine, future waste-disposal activity in southeastern Wisconsin should be confined to the thickest parts of the Tinley moraine near the present F-1 and Metro sites.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(92)90183-V","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Simpkins, W., and Bradbury, K.R., 1992, Groundwater flow, velocity, and age in a thick, fine-grained till unit in southeastern Wisconsin: Journal of Hydrology, v. 132, no. 1-4, p. 283-319, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(92)90183-V.","productDescription":"37 p.","startPage":"283","endPage":"319","numberOfPages":"37","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":222857,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"132","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a2da4e4b0c8380cd5bf79","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Simpkins, W.W.","contributorId":41594,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Simpkins","given":"W.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373868,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bradbury, K. R.","contributorId":86070,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradbury","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373869,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016551,"text":"70016551 - 1992 - Use of a regional atmospheric model to simulate lake-atmosphere feedbacks associated with Pleistocene Lakes Lahontan and Bonneville","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:43","indexId":"70016551","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1248,"text":"Climate Dynamics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of a regional atmospheric model to simulate lake-atmosphere feedbacks associated with Pleistocene Lakes Lahontan and Bonneville","docAbstract":"A regional model of the atmosphere (version 4 of the NCAR mesoscale model, MM4) was used to assess whether lake-effect precipitation was a significant component of the late-Pleistocene hydrologic budgets of Lakes Lahontan and Bonneville. Control simulations for January and July of 1979 were made using MM4, and the Pleistocene highstand surface areas of the lakes were added to the model and the simulations repeated. In the January simulations, 18% of the moisture added to the modeled atmosphere by Lake Lahontan returned to the Lahontan basin as precipitation, while 32% of the water evaporated from Lake Bonneville fell as precipitation over the Bonneville basin. In the July simulations, 7% of the moisture added to the modeled atmosphere by Lake Lahontan returned to the Lahontan basin as precipitation, and 4% of the water evaporated from Lake Bonneville fell as precipitation over the Bonneville basin. An additonal January simulation was made with the lake surface areas set at onehalf their highstand extents (the average surface area 20 to 15 ka BP). Results from this simulation were similar to the simulation with the highstand lakes, indicating lake-effect precipitation could have been a significant component of the hyrologic budgets of the lakes before and during the highstand period. ?? 1992 Springer-Verlag.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Climate Dynamics","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisherLocation":"Springer-Verlag","doi":"10.1007/BF00204820","issn":"09307575","usgsCitation":"Hostetler, S.W., and Giorgi, F., 1992, Use of a regional atmospheric model to simulate lake-atmosphere feedbacks associated with Pleistocene Lakes Lahontan and Bonneville: Climate Dynamics, v. 7, no. 1, p. 39-44, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00204820.","startPage":"39","endPage":"44","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":205309,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00204820"},{"id":222858,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"7","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbe9ce4b08c986b3296ac","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hostetler, S. W. 0000-0003-2272-8302","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-8302","contributorId":42911,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostetler","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373871,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Giorgi, F.","contributorId":24924,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Giorgi","given":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70016554,"text":"70016554 - 1992 - Residence times in river basins as determined by analysis of long-term tritium records","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-06T16:57:14.450633","indexId":"70016554","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Residence times in river basins as determined by analysis of long-term tritium records","docAbstract":"The US Geological Survey has maintained a network of stations to collect samples for the measurement of tritium concentrations in precipitation and streamflow since the early 1960s. Tritium data from outflow waters of river basins draining 4500–75000 km2 are used to determine average residence times of water within the basins. The basins studied are the Colorado River above Cisco, Utah; the Kissimmee River above Lake Okeechobee, Florida; the Mississippi River above Anoka, Minnesota; the Neuse River above Streets Ferry Bridge near Vanceboro, North Carolina; the Potomac River above Point of Rocks, Maryland; the Sacramento River above Sacramento, California; the Susquehanna River above Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The basins are modeled with the assumption that the outflow in the river comes from two sources—prompt (within-year) runoff from precipitation, and flow from the long-term reservoirs of the basin. Tritium concentration in the outflow water of the basin is dependent on three factors: (1) tritium concentration in runoff from the long-term reservoir, which depends on the residence time for the reservoir and historical tritium concentrations in precipitation; (2) tritium concentrations in precipitation (the within-year runoff component); (3) relative contributions of flow from the long-term and within-year components. Predicted tritium concentrations for the outflow water in the river basins were calculated for different residence times and for different relative contributions from the two reservoirs. A box model was used to calculate tritium concentrations in the long-term reservoir. Calculated values of outflow tritium concentrations for the basin were regressed against the measured data to obtain a slope as close as possible to 1. These regressions assumed an intercept of zero and were carried out for different values of residence time and reservoir contribution to maximize the fit of modeled versus actual data for all the above rivers. The final slopes of the fitted regression lines ranged from 0.95 to 1.01 (correlation coefficient > 0.96) for the basins studied. Values for the residence time of waters within the basins and average relative contributions of the within-year and long-term reservoirs to outflow were obtained. Values for river basin residence times ranged from 2 years for the Kissimmee River basin to 20 years for the Potomac River basin. The residence times indicate the time scale in which the basin responds to anthropogenic inputs. The modeled tritium concentrations for the basins also furnish input data for urban and agricultural settings where these river waters are used.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(92)90117-E","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Michel, R.L., 1992, Residence times in river basins as determined by analysis of long-term tritium records: Journal of Hydrology, v. 130, no. 1-4, p. 367-378, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(92)90117-E.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"367","endPage":"378","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":489980,"rank":2,"type":{"id":41,"text":"Open Access External Repository Page"},"url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usgsstaffpub/434","text":"External Repository"},{"id":222910,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"130","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa974e4b0c8380cd85de2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Michel, R. L.","contributorId":86375,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Michel","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373877,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70016595,"text":"70016595 - 1992 - Inhibition of existing denitrification enzyme activity by chloramphenicol","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-20T16:59:37.891113","indexId":"70016595","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Inhibition of existing denitrification enzyme activity by chloramphenicol","docAbstract":"Chloramphenicol completely inhibited the activity of existing denitrification enzymes in acetylene-block incubations with (i) sediments from a nitrate-contaminated aquifer and (ii) a continuous culture of denitrifying groundwater bacteria. Control flasks with no antibiotic produced significant amounts of nitrous oxide in the same time period. Amendment with chloramphenicol after nitrous oxide production had begun resulted in a significant decrease in the rate of nitrous oxide production. Chloramphenicol also decreased (>50%) the activity of existing denitrification enzymes in pure cultures of Pseudomonas denitrificans that were harvested during log- phase growth and maintained for 2 weeks in a starvation medium lacking electron donor. Short-term time courses of nitrate consumption and nitrous oxide production in the presence of acetylene with P. denitrificans undergoing carbon starvation were performed under optimal conditions designed to mimic denitrification enzyme activity assays used with soils. Time courses were linear for both chloramphenicol and control flasks, and rate estimates for the two treatments were significantly different at the 95% confidence level. Complete or partial inhibition of existing enzyme activity is not consistent with the current understanding of the mode of action of chloramphenicol or current practice, in which the compound is frequently employed to inhibit de novo protein synthesis during the course of microbial activity assays. The results of this study demonstrate that chloramphenicol amendment can inhibit the activity of existing denitrification enzymes and suggest that caution is needed in the design and interpretation of denitrification activity assays in which chloramphenicol is used to prevent new protein synthesis.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.58.5.1746-1753.1992","issn":"00992240","usgsCitation":"Brooks, M.H., Smith, R.L., and Macalady, D., 1992, Inhibition of existing denitrification enzyme activity by chloramphenicol: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 58, no. 5, p. 1746-1753, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.58.5.1746-1753.1992.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1746","endPage":"1753","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479605,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.58.5.1746-1753.1992","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":222960,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"58","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3bd8e4b0c8380cd62887","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brooks, M. H.","contributorId":107735,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brooks","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373991,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Smith, R. L.","contributorId":93904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":373990,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Macalady, D.L.","contributorId":76468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macalady","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":373989,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":44800,"text":"wri904119 - 1992 - Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 5: Quality of freshwater in aquifers of Louisiana, 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-17T19:25:44.1667","indexId":"wri904119","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4119","title":"Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 5: Quality of freshwater in aquifers of Louisiana, 1988","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri904119","usgsCitation":"Tomaszewski, D.J., 1992, Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 5: Quality of freshwater in aquifers of Louisiana, 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4119, 1 Plate: 27.00 x 24.80 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904119.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 27.00 x 24.80 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":415865,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49238.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":82134,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4119/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":167996,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4119/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -94.0456,\n 33.0203\n ],\n [\n -94.0456,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 29\n ],\n [\n -89.5,\n 33.0203\n ],\n [\n -94.0456,\n 33.0203\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640a37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tomaszewski, Dan J.","contributorId":95544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomaszewski","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70017214,"text":"70017214 - 1992 - Synthetic organic agrochemicals in the lower Mississippi River and its major tributaries: Distribution, transport and fate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:53","indexId":"70017214","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Synthetic organic agrochemicals in the lower Mississippi River and its major tributaries: Distribution, transport and fate","docAbstract":"The Mississippi River and its major tributaries transport herbicides and their degradation products from agricultural areas in the mid-western U.S.A. These compounds include atrazine and its degradation products (desethyl- and desisopropylatrazine), simazine, cyanazine, metolachlor, and alachlor and its degradation products (2-chloro-2',6'-diethylacetanilide, 2-hydroxy-2',6'-diethylacetanilide and 2,6-diethylaniline). These compounds were identified and confirmed by gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry. Loads of these compounds were determined during five sampling trips in 1987-1989. Stream loads of these compounds indicated that atrazine and metolachlor were relatively conservative in downstream transport. Alachlor and its degradation products were generated from point and non-point sources. Seasonal variations and hydrologic conditions controlled the loads of these compounds in the Mississippi River. Cross-channel mixing was slow downstream from major river confluences, possibly requiring several hundred kilometers of downriver transit for completion. The annual transport of these compounds into the Gulf of Mexico was estimated to be < 2% of the annual application of each herbicide in the Midwest.The Mississippi River and its major tributaries transport herbicides and their degradation products from agricultural areas in the mid-western U.S.A. These compounds include atrazine and its degradation products (desethyl- and desisopropylatrazine), simazine, cyanazine, metolachlor, and alachlor and its degradation products (2-chloro-2???,6???-diethylacetanilide, 2-hydroxy-2???,6???-diethylacetanilide and 2,6-diethylaniline). These compounds were identified and confirmed by gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry. Loads of these compounds were determined during five sampling trips in 1987-1989. Stream loads of these compounds indicated that atrazine and metolachlor were relatively conservative in downstream transport. Alachlor and its degradation products were generated from point and non-point sources. Seasonal variations and hydrologic conditions controlled the loads of these compounds in the Mississippi River. Cross-channel mixing was slow downstream from major river confluences, possibly requiring several hundred kilometers of downriver transit for completion. The annual transport of these compounds into the Gulf of Mexico was estimated to be <2% of the annual application of each herbicide in the Midwest.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","conferenceTitle":"Pacifichem '89","conferenceDate":"17 December 1989 through 22 December 1989","conferenceLocation":"Honolulu, HI, USA","language":"English","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Pereira, W.E., Rostad, C., and Leiker, T., 1992, Synthetic organic agrochemicals in the lower Mississippi River and its major tributaries: Distribution, transport and fate, in Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 9, no. 1-2, Honolulu, HI, USA, 17 December 1989 through 22 December 1989, p. 175-188.","startPage":"175","endPage":"188","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba35fe4b08c986b31fc9e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McCalady Donald L.","contributorId":128410,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"McCalady Donald L.","id":536360,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Pereira, W. E.","contributorId":46981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leiker, T.J.","contributorId":96719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leiker","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70017213,"text":"70017213 - 1992 - Associations of free-living bacteria and dissolved organic compounds in a plume of contaminated groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:53","indexId":"70017213","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Associations of free-living bacteria and dissolved organic compounds in a plume of contaminated groundwater","docAbstract":"Associations of free-living bacteria (FLB) and dissolved organic contaminants in a 4-km-long plume of sewage-contaminated groundwater were investigated. Abundance of FLB in the core of the plume (as delineated by maximum specific conductance) steadily decreased in the direction of flow from a point 0.25 km downgradient from the source to the toe of the plume. At 0.25 km downgradient, FLB comprised up to 31% of the total bacterial population, but constituted < 7% of the population at 2 km downgradient. Abundance of FLB correlated strongly (r = 0.80 n = 23) with total dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in contaminated groundwater between 0.64 and 2.1 km downgradient, although distributions of individual contaminants such as di-, tri- and tetrachloroethene were highly variable, and their association with FLB less clear. Numbers of FLB in the downgradient portion of the plume which is contaminated with branched-chain alkylbenzenesulfonate (ABS) surfactants were low (< 5??108/L) in spite of relatively high levels of DOC (up to 4 mg/L). However, abundance of FLB correlated strongly with non-surfactant DOC along vertical transects through the plume. The ratio of FLB to DOC and the ratio of FLB to attached bacteria generally decreased in the direction of flow and, consequently, with the age of the organic contaminants.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","conferenceTitle":"Pacifichem '89","conferenceDate":"17 December 1989 through 22 December 1989","conferenceLocation":"Honolulu, HI, USA","language":"English","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Harvey, R., and Barber, L., 1992, Associations of free-living bacteria and dissolved organic compounds in a plume of contaminated groundwater, in Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 9, no. 1-2, Honolulu, HI, USA, 17 December 1989 through 22 December 1989, p. 91-103.","startPage":"91","endPage":"103","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee95e4b0c8380cd49e41","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McCalady Donald L.","contributorId":128410,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"McCalady Donald L.","id":536359,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, R.W. 0000-0002-2791-8503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":11757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, L.B. II","contributorId":6097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.B.","suffix":"II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70175231,"text":"70175231 - 1992 - Bioaccumulation of hydrocarbons derived from terrestrial and anthropogenic sources in the Asian clam, Potamocorbula amurensis, in San Francisco Bay estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-19T09:38:08","indexId":"70175231","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bioaccumulation of hydrocarbons derived from terrestrial and anthropogenic sources in the Asian clam, Potamocorbula amurensis, in San Francisco Bay estuary","docAbstract":"An assessment was made in Suisun Bay, California, of the distributions of hydrocarbons in estuarine bed and suspended sediments and in the recently introduced asian clam, Potamocorbula amurensis. Sediments and clams were contaminated with hydrocarbons derived from petrogenic and pyrogenic sources. Distributions of alkanes and of hopane and sterane biomarkers in sediments and clams were similar, indicating that petroleum hydrocarbons associated with sediments are bioavailable to Potamocorbula amurensis. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the sediments and clams were derived mainly from combustion sources. Potamocorbula amurensis is therefore a useful bioindicator of hydrocarbon contamination, and may be used as a biomonitor of hydrocarbon pollution in San Francisco Bay.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-326X(92)90738-R","usgsCitation":"Pereira, W.E., Hostettler, F.D., and Rapp, J., 1992, Bioaccumulation of hydrocarbons derived from terrestrial and anthropogenic sources in the Asian clam, Potamocorbula amurensis, in San Francisco Bay estuary: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 24, no. 2, p. 103-109, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(92)90738-R.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"109","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325999,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.13706970214844,\n 37.40725549559874\n ],\n [\n -121.91322326660156,\n 37.40725549559874\n ],\n [\n -121.91322326660156,\n 37.52225246712464\n ],\n [\n -122.13706970214844,\n 37.52225246712464\n ],\n [\n -122.13706970214844,\n 37.40725549559874\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a1c42de4b006cb45552bf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pereira, Wilfred E.","contributorId":95552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"Wilfred","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hostettler, Frances D. fdhostet@usgs.gov","contributorId":3383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostettler","given":"Frances","email":"fdhostet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":644443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rapp, John B.","contributorId":32028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rapp","given":"John B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70176061,"text":"70176061 - 1992 - Compilation of hydrologic data for the Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio area, Texas, 1991 : with 1934-91 summary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-08-24T11:53:35","indexId":"70176061","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":2,"text":"State or Local Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5177,"text":"Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":2}},"seriesNumber":"51","title":"Compilation of hydrologic data for the Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio area, Texas, 1991 : with 1934-91 summary","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Edwards Underground Water District","usgsCitation":"Brown, D., Petri, B., and Nalley, G., 1992, Compilation of hydrologic data for the Edwards Aquifer, San Antonio area, Texas, 1991 : with 1934-91 summary: Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin 51, 169 p.","productDescription":"169 p.","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":583,"text":"Texas Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":327799,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57c6aef3e4b0f2f0cebe4642","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brown, D.S.","contributorId":28592,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brown","given":"D.S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646960,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Petri, B.L.","contributorId":14395,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Petri","given":"B.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646961,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nalley, G.M.","contributorId":23535,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nalley","given":"G.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":646962,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":26300,"text":"wri924018 - 1992 - Hydrology of the Cave Springs area near Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-06T19:36:13.528626","indexId":"wri924018","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4018","title":"Hydrology of the Cave Springs area near Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee","docAbstract":"The hydrology of Cave Springs, the second largest spring in East Tennessee was investigated from July 1987 to September 1989. Wells near the spring supply about 5 million gallons per day of potable water to people in Hamilton County near Chattanooga. Discharge from the spring averaged about 13.5 cubic feet per second (8.72 million gallons per day) during the study period. Withdrawals by the Hixson Utility District from wells upgradient from the outflow averaged 8.6 cubic feet per second (5.54 million gallons per day). Aquifer tests using wells intersecting a large solution cavity supplying water to the spring showed a drawdown of less than 3 feet with a discharge of 9,000 gallons per minute or 20 cubic feet per second.
Temperature and specific conductance of ground water near the spring outflow were monitored hourly. Temperatures ranged from 13.5 to 18.2 degrees celsius, and fluctuated seasonally in response to climate. Specific-conductance values ranged from 122 to 405 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius, but were generally between 163 to 185 microsiemens per centimeter.
The drainage area of the basin recharging the spring system was estimated to be 1O square miles. A potentiometric map of the recharge basin was developed from water levels measured at domestic and test wells in August 1989. Aquifer tests at five test wells in the study area indicated that specific-capacity values for these wells ranged from 4.1 to 261 gallons per minute per foot of drawdown. Water-quality characteristics of ground water in the area were used in conjunction with potentiometric-surface maps to delineate the approximate area contributing recharge to Cave Springs.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri924018","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Hixson Utility District","usgsCitation":"Bradfield, A.D., 1992, Hydrology of the Cave Springs area near Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4018, iv, 28 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924018.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":502216,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri92-4018/pdf/wrir_92-4018_a.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122969,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_92_4018.jpg"},{"id":1998,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri92-4018/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","county":"Hamilton County","otherGeospatial":"Cave Springs","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db601f5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradfield, Arthur D.","contributorId":88383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradfield","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70186228,"text":"70186228 - 1992 - The determination and fate of unstable constituents of contaminated groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-10-01T08:17:15","indexId":"70186228","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":5,"text":"Book chapter"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":24,"text":"Book Chapter"},"title":"The determination and fate of unstable constituents of contaminated groundwater","docAbstract":"No abstract available
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Groundwater contamination and analysis at hazardous waste sites","language":"English","publisher":"Marcel Dekker","publisherLocation":"New York","usgsCitation":"Baedecker, M., and Cozzarelli, M., 1992, The determination and fate of unstable constituents of contaminated groundwater, chap. of Groundwater contamination and analysis at hazardous waste sites, p. 425-461.","productDescription":"37 p.","startPage":"425","endPage":"461","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338994,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58e35f93e4b09da67997ed3e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Lesage, S.","contributorId":208306,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lesage","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746723,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jackson, R.","contributorId":11974,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jackson","given":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":746724,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":2}],"authors":[{"text":"Baedecker, M.J.","contributorId":42702,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Baedecker","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687938,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cozzarelli, M.","contributorId":190251,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Cozzarelli","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687939,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185788,"text":"70185788 - 1992 - Discussion of \"Aeration at Ohio River basin navigation dams\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-19T07:51:45","indexId":"70185788","displayToPublicDate":"1990-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2255,"text":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discussion of \"Aeration at Ohio River basin navigation dams\"","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1992)118:3(444)","usgsCitation":"Gulliver, J.S., and Wilhelms, S.C., 1992, Discussion of \"Aeration at Ohio River basin navigation dams\": Journal of Environmental Engineering, v. 118, no. 3, p. 446-447, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1992)118:3(444).","productDescription":"2 p. ","startPage":"446","endPage":"447","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338529,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc81fe4b02ff32c685728","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gulliver, John S.","contributorId":190002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gulliver","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilhelms, Steven C.","contributorId":190003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilhelms","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70179029,"text":"70179029 - 1991 - Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Sevier Lake area, west-central Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-13T15:05:51","indexId":"70179029","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"96","title":"Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Sevier Lake area, west-central Utah","docAbstract":"The hydrologic system of the Sevier Lake area, at the terminus of the Sevier Lake drainage basin in west-central Utah, was studied during 1987-88 to determine baseline hydrologic conditions prior to anticipated development. Sevier Lake was reestablished during 1983-87 on the normally dry playa as a result of record volumes of surface-water runoff, but the lake was receding during the study. In June 1985, the lake reached a maximum depth of about 13 feet, with a water-surface altitude of 4,527 feet above sea level.
The basin-fill aquifer includes a coarse-grained facies at higher altitudes of the alluvial slopes, and a fine-grained facies at lower altitudes around Sevier Lake. Water levels indicate a potential for lateral groundwater movement away from the lake and toward the northwest, west, and south.
Transmissivity of the coarse-grained facies, determined from one well, was 4,120 feet squared per day. Transmissivity values for the fine-grained facies ranged from 1 X 10-3 to 5 X 10-2 foot squared per day, determined from slug tests of shallow wells near the shoreline of the lake, and 5.2 feet squared per day determined from a well in the lakebed.
The predominant constituents of water sampled in the Sevier Lake area are sodium, sulfate, and chloride. The concentration of dissolved solids ranges from 480 to 120,000 milligrams per liter. Smaller concentrations of dissolved solids were determined for water from wells completed in the coarse-grained facies, and larger concentrations were determined for water from wells completed in the fine-grained facies.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared by the United State Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Wilberg, D.E., 1991, Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Sevier Lake area, west-central Utah: Technical Publication 96, vi, 51 p.","productDescription":"vi, 51 p.","numberOfPages":"60","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332067,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docSys/v920/y920/y9200004.pdf"},{"id":332066,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-6-400"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Millard County","otherGeospatial":"Sevier Lake Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.1976318359375,\n 38.54816542304656\n ],\n [\n -113.0328369140625,\n 38.76693348394693\n ],\n [\n -112.9229736328125,\n 39.07464374293251\n ],\n [\n -112.950439453125,\n 39.26203141523749\n ],\n [\n -113.280029296875,\n 39.431950321168635\n ],\n [\n -113.433837890625,\n 39.232253141714885\n ],\n [\n -113.45581054687499,\n 38.93377552819722\n ],\n [\n -113.4613037109375,\n 38.698372305893294\n ],\n [\n -113.3294677734375,\n 38.46219172306828\n ],\n [\n -113.1976318359375,\n 38.54816542304656\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585116bde4b08138bf1abd62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilberg, Dale E.","contributorId":101275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilberg","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70179036,"text":"70179036 - 1991 - Hydrology of Heber and Round Valleys, Wasatch County, Utah, with emphasis on simulation of ground-water flow in Heber Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-13T17:40:38","indexId":"70179036","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"101","title":"Hydrology of Heber and Round Valleys, Wasatch County, Utah, with emphasis on simulation of ground-water flow in Heber Valley","docAbstract":"An investigation of the hydrologic system in Heber and Round Valleys was conducted to improve understanding of the surface-water and ground-water hydrology and the effects caused by changes in recharge. Ground water is present in consolidated rocks and in unconsolidated valley-fill deposits, but the principal ground-water reservoir is in the unconsolidated valley-fill deposits.
Recharge to the unconsolidated valley-fill deposits in Heber Valley from unconsumed irrigation water, stream infiltration, subsurface inflow from consolidated rocks, and precipitation is estimated to be 154 cubic feet per second. Discharge is by leakage to Deer Creek Reservoir, by springs and seeps, by seepage to the Provo River and other streams, by evapotranspiration, and by pumping from wells.
Recharge to the unconsolidated valley-fill deposits in Round Valley from stream infiltration, precipitation, unconsumed irrigation water and subsurface inflow from consolidated rocks is estimated to be 11 cubic feet per second. Discharge is by springs and seeps, by evapotranspiration, and by pumping from wells.
Seasonal water-level fluctuations of up to 30 feet occur primarily because of changes in recharge from unconsumed irrigation water. Water levels generally are highest during June or July when recharge from irrigation is at a maximum and lowest during the winter when irrigation is absent and recharge is at a minimum. Water levels in wells near Deer Creek Reservoir respond to changes in the reservoir level.
A modular, three-dimensional, finite-difference ground-water flow model developed by McDonald and Harbaugh (1988) was used to simulate the hydrologic system in the unconsolidated valley-fill deposits of Heber Valley. Model simulations indicate that decreased recharge to the unconsolidated valley-fill deposits causes a decrease in discharge to springs and seeps, streams, and leakage to Deer Creek Reservoir. Future decreases in ground-water recharge caused by changing from flood- to sprinkler-irrigation methods will cause future decreases in ground-water discharge that will be offset to some extent by increased surface-water flows.
","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Division of Water Resources, Utah Division of Water Rights, Wasatch County, Wasatch County Water Users Association, and Central Utah Water Conservancy District","usgsCitation":"Roark, D., Holmes, W.F., and Shlosar, H.K., 1991, Hydrology of Heber and Round Valleys, Wasatch County, Utah, with emphasis on simulation of ground-water flow in Heber Valley: Technical Publication 101, vi, 93 p.","productDescription":"vi, 93 p.","numberOfPages":"101","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332088,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-6-500"},{"id":332089,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docSys/v920/y920/y9200009.pdf"},{"id":332090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Wasatch County","otherGeospatial":"Heber Valley, Round Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -111.56341552734375,\n 40.31199603742692\n ],\n [\n -111.56341552734375,\n 40.58684239087908\n ],\n [\n -111.1651611328125,\n 40.58684239087908\n ],\n [\n -111.1651611328125,\n 40.31199603742692\n ],\n [\n -111.56341552734375,\n 40.31199603742692\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585116bde4b08138bf1abd60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roark, D. Michael mroark@usgs.gov","contributorId":2821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roark","given":"D. Michael","email":"mroark@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":655845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holmes, Walter F.","contributorId":31737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shlosar, Heidi K.","contributorId":177450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shlosar","given":"Heidi","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70177134,"text":"70177134 - 1991 - Hydrologic monitoring for effects of geothermal and ground-water development, Long Valley caldera, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-09-20T15:51:39","indexId":"70177134","displayToPublicDate":"2016-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Hydrologic monitoring for effects of geothermal and ground-water development, Long Valley caldera, California","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Symposium on Subsurface Injection of Geothermal Fluids, Santa Rosa, California","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Symposium on Subsurface Injection of Geothermal Fluids, Santa Rosa, California","conferenceDate":"October 29-30, 1990","conferenceLocation":"Oklahoma City, Oklahoma","language":"English","publisher":"Underground Injection Practices Counci","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Farrar, C.D., and Lyster, D., 1991, Hydrologic monitoring for effects of geothermal and ground-water development, Long Valley caldera, California, in Symposium on Subsurface Injection of Geothermal Fluids, Santa Rosa, California, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, October 29-30, 1990, p. 157-171.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"157","endPage":"171","numberOfPages":"15","costCenters":[{"id":615,"text":"Volcano Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":329749,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","county":"Mono","otherGeospatial":"Long Valley caldera, Mammoth Lakes, California","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -119.00665283203124,\n 37.55002139332707\n ],\n [\n -119.00665283203124,\n 37.79784832917947\n ],\n [\n -118.53836059570311,\n 37.79784832917947\n ],\n [\n -118.53836059570311,\n 37.55002139332707\n ],\n [\n -119.00665283203124,\n 37.55002139332707\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58088689e4b0f497e78e24ed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Farrar, C. D.","contributorId":71978,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Farrar","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lyster, D. L.","contributorId":175532,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lyster","given":"D. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":651403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70042508,"text":"70042508 - 1991 - Groundwater flow and solute movement to drain laterals, western San Joaquin Valley, California: 1. Geochemical assessment","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":18669,"text":"ofr90136 - 1990 - Ground-water flow and solute movement to drain laterals, western San Joaquin Valley, California; I, Geochemical assessment","indexId":"ofr90136","publicationYear":"1990","noYear":false,"title":"Ground-water flow and solute movement to drain laterals, western San Joaquin Valley, California; I, Geochemical assessment"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":70042508,"text":"70042508 - 1991 - Groundwater flow and solute movement to drain laterals, western San Joaquin Valley, California: 1. Geochemical assessment","indexId":"70042508","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"title":"Groundwater flow and solute movement to drain laterals, western San Joaquin Valley, California: 1. Geochemical assessment"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-02-27T11:57:41","indexId":"70042508","displayToPublicDate":"2012-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Groundwater flow and solute movement to drain laterals, western San Joaquin Valley, California: 1. Geochemical assessment","docAbstract":"A study was undertaken to quantitatively evaluate the hydrologic processes affecting the chemical and isotopic composition of drain lateral water in a drained agricultural field in the western San Joaquin Valley, California. The results elucidate the process of mixing of deep and shallow groundwater (below and within 6 m from land surface) entering the drain laterals. The deep groundwater was subject to evapoconcentration prior to drainage system installation and has been displaced downward (to depths greater than 6 m) in the groundwater system. The proportions of deep and shallow groundwater entering the drain laterals was calculated from the end-member oxygen 18 compositions determined in groundwater samples. The percentage of total drain lateral flow which is deep groundwater flow is about 30% for the shallow drain lateral (1.8 m below land surface) (drain lateral 1)) and 60% for the deep drain lateral (2.7 m below land surface (drain lateral 2)). During irrigation, the percentages of deep groundwater flow decrease to 0 and 30% for the shallow and deep drain laterals, respectively. Selenium concentrations in drain lateral waters decrease during irrigation but selenium loads increase. Total estimated annual loads were 1.1 and 5.4 kg of selenium for drain laterals 1 and 2, respectively. Substantial percentages of the annual load occurred during 8 days of irrigation, 23 and 9% for drain laterals 1 and 2, respectively.