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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr88660","usgsCitation":"Gonzales, D.A., 1988, A geologic investigation of the early Proterozoic Irving Formation, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-660, Report: viii, 119 p.; 4 Plates: 44.06 x 29.38 inches or smaller, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88660.","productDescription":"Report: viii, 119 p.; 4 Plates: 44.06 x 29.38 inches or smaller","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146239,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0660/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42446,"rank":3,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0660/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42447,"rank":4,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0660/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42448,"rank":5,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0660/plate-3.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42449,"rank":6,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0660/plate-4.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":42450,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0660/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":464660,"rank":7,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17524.htm","text":"Vallecito-Lake Creek area"},{"id":464661,"rank":8,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_17525.htm","text":"Table Mountain-Emerald Lake area"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","otherGeospatial":"southeastern Needle Mountains","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -107.5,\n 37.5667\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 37.5167\n ],\n [\n -107.45,\n 37.5167\n ],\n [\n -107.45,\n 37.5667\n ],\n [\n -107.5,\n 37.5667\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae619","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gonzales, David A.","contributorId":48581,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gonzales","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168496,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38412,"text":"pp1479 - 1988 - Palynological studies of Lower Pennsylvanian coal beds and adjacent strata of the proposed Pennsylvanian System stratotype in Virginia and West Virginia","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:53","indexId":"pp1479","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1479","title":"Palynological studies of Lower Pennsylvanian coal beds and adjacent strata of the proposed Pennsylvanian System stratotype in Virginia and West Virginia","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1479","usgsCitation":"Kosanke, R., 1988, Palynological studies of Lower Pennsylvanian coal beds and adjacent strata of the proposed Pennsylvanian System stratotype in Virginia and West Virginia: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1479, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1479.","productDescription":"17 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122244,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1479/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64793,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1479/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae3e4b07f02db689574","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kosanke, R.M.","contributorId":97517,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kosanke","given":"R.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219775,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":12680,"text":"ofr88257 - 1988 - Mineral resources of the Zwagg Island Wilderness Study Area, Curry County, Oregon","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:39","indexId":"ofr88257","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-257","title":"Mineral resources of the Zwagg Island Wilderness Study Area, Curry County, Oregon","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr88257","usgsCitation":"Berquist, J.R., King, H.D., and McHugh, E., 1988, Mineral resources of the Zwagg Island Wilderness Study Area, Curry County, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-257, iii, 15 p. :maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88257.","productDescription":"iii, 15 p. :maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":145696,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0257/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":41092,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0257/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b05e4b07f02db699fb5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berquist, J. R.","contributorId":74009,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berquist","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166535,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"King, H. D.","contributorId":89113,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"King","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166536,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"McHugh, E.L.","contributorId":65461,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McHugh","given":"E.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":166534,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":38488,"text":"pp1403C - 1988 - Ground-water hydraulics, regional flow, and ground-water development of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-05-22T17:44:03.638202","indexId":"pp1403C","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1403","chapter":"C","title":"Ground-water hydraulics, regional flow, and ground-water development of the Floridan aquifer system in Florida and in parts of Georgia, South Carolina, and Alabama","docAbstract":"The Floridan aquifer system is one of the major sources of groundwater supplies in the United States. This productive aquifer system underlies all of Florida, southeast Georgia, and small parts of adjoining Alabama and South Carolina, for a total area of about 100,000 square miles. About 3 billion gallons of water per day were withdrawn from the aquifer system in 1980, and in many areas the Floridan is the sole source of freshwater.
\nThe Floridan aquifer system is a sequence of hydraulically connected carbonate rocks (principally limestone with some dolomite) ranging in age generally from late Paleocene to early Miocene. The rocks vary in thickness from a featheredge where they crop out to more than 3,500 feet where the aquifer is deeply buried. The aquifer system generally consists of an upper aquifer and a lower aquifer separated by a lesspermeable confining unit of highly variable properties. In parts of north Florida and southwest Georgia, where little permeability contrast exists among the units, the Floridan is effectively one continuous aquifer. The upper and lower aquifers, named the Upper Floridan aquifer and the Lower Floridan aquifer, are defined on the basis of permeability and their boundaries locally do not coincide with those for either time-stratigraphic or rock-stratigraphic units.
\nOverlying much of the Floridan aquifer system are low-permeability clastic rocks. The lithology, thickness, and integrity of these rocks determine the degree of confinement and influence the distribution of natural recharge, discharge, and ground-water flow in the Floridan.
\nThe permeability of the Floridan aquifer system is derived from small openings including fossil hashes and solution-widened joints as well as large cavernous openings in karst areas. Diffuse flow predominates where the small openings occur, whereas conduit flow may occur where large cavernous openings are. Transmissivities are highest (greater than 1,000,000 feet squared per day) in the unconfined karst areas of central and northern Florida. Lowest transmissivities (less than 50,000 feet squared per day) occur in panhandle Florida and southernmost Florida where the Upper Floridan aquifer is confined by thick clay sections. The hydraulic properties of the Lower Floridan aquifer are not well known; however, intervals of high transmissivity occur that have been attributed to paleokarst development.
\nSprings, nearly all of which occur in unconfined and semiconfined parts of the Upper Floridan aquifer in Florida are the dominant feature of the Floridan flow system. Before ground-water development, spring flow and point discharge to surface-water bodies were about 88 percent of the estimated 21,500 cubic feet per second total discharge, or about 19,000 cubic feet per second. Diffuse upward leakage, which occurs primarily in confined areas, accounted for the remaining 12 percent or about 2,500 cubic feet per second.
\nMost of the recharge necessary to sustain springflow and aquifer discharge to streams and lakes occurs relatively close to springs and areas of point discharge to surface-water bodies. Recharge to the Upper Floridan is highest, averaging 10-20 inches per year, in unconfined or semiconfined spring areas. The proximity of high recharge to high discharge implies a vigorous and well-developed shallow flow system in the unconfined and semiconfined parts of the Upper Floridan aquifer.
\nGround-water flow is very sluggish in the parts of the aquifer system that are deeply buried and tightly confined, primarily southeast Georgia and northeast Florida, south Florida, and far-west panhandle Florida. Discharge to springs, streams, and lakes is practically nonexistent in the tightly confined areas and natural discharge occurs almost exclusively by diffuse upward leakage through thick overburden.
\nThe regional flow system has not been appreciably altered by groundwater development. However, increasing pumpage that reached 3 billion gallons per day by 1980 has resulted in long-term regional water level decline of more than 10 feet in three broad areas: coastal Georgia, adjacent South Carolina, and northeast Florida; west-central Florida; and panhandle Florida. Saltwater encroachment as a result of pumping has occurred locally in coastal areas.
\nPumpage from the Upper Floridan aquifer is supplied primarily by reduction of natural discharge and by increased recharge rather than by depletion of aquifer storage. About 20 percent is from reduced discharge to springs, streams, and lakes, about 20 percent is from reduced upward leakage, and about 60 percent is from increased recharge. Compared to predevelopment conditions, discharge to springs, streams, and lakes is reduced by less than 5 percent, upward leakage is reduced by about 30 percent, and recharge is increased by about 12 percent. Total recharge and, therefore, discharge increased from a predevelopment rate of 21,500 cubic feet per second to about 24,100 cubic feet per second by 1980.
\nA considerable area remains of the Floridan aquifer system where large ground-water supplies may be developed. This area is largely inland from the coasts and characterized by high transmissivity and minimal development prior to the early 1980's. The major constraint on future development probably is degradation of water quality rather than water-quantity limitations.
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All streams in the county are intermittent and usually are recharged only from spring snowmelt and precipitation. Most ponds and sloughs may go dry in summer and during drought conditions, while larger lakes and ponds will contain water year round. Three major confined glacial aquifers underlie Miner County. The Floyd aquifer, buried beneath 25-150 ft of glacial drift, ranges from 10-100 ft in thickness. Water levels in the Floyd range from flowing to 56 ft below land surface. Properly constructed wells in the aquifer may produce as much as 1,200 gal/min. The Floyd aquifer offers the greatest potential for irrigation or other large yield development. Predominant chemical constituents in water from the Floyd aquifer are sodium, calcium and sulfate; however, there is a wide variation in the chemical composition of the water. For the most part it is suitable for irrigation. The Howard aquifer, is buried beneath 80-350 ft of glacial drift and ranges from 4-170 ft in thickness. 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The Dakota Formation is buried by 400-1,000 ft of bedrock and glacial drift and is separated from the Codell aquifer by overlying carbonate rock and shale. The Dakota aquifer ranges from 10-400 ft in thickness. Water levels in the aquifer range from 25 ft above land surface to 260 ft below land surface. Water from the aquifer generally is not suitable for irrigation. 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29.664189403696138\n ],\n [\n -85.220947265625,\n 29.6594160549124\n ],\n [\n -85.1605224609375,\n 29.621221113784504\n ],\n [\n -85.0946044921875,\n 29.5830116903775\n ],\n [\n -84.9517822265625,\n 29.587788659909958\n ],\n [\n -84.847412109375,\n 29.625996273660785\n ],\n [\n -84.7210693359375,\n 29.707139348134145\n ],\n [\n -84.6221923828125,\n 29.7453016622136\n ],\n [\n -84.6661376953125,\n 29.82158272057499\n ],\n [\n -84.693603515625,\n 29.83111376473715\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4be4b07f02db62557a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Maslia, M.L.","contributorId":24090,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Maslia","given":"M.L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219882,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hayes, L. R.","contributorId":50931,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hayes","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219883,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":13325,"text":"ofr88662 - 1988 - Mesozoic biogeography of southern Alaska, with implications for the paleogeography","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:52","indexId":"ofr88662","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-662","title":"Mesozoic biogeography of southern Alaska, with implications for the paleogeography","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr88662","usgsCitation":"Detterman, R.L., 1988, Mesozoic biogeography of southern Alaska, with implications for the paleogeography: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-662, 27 p. ill. ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88662.","productDescription":"27 p. ill. ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":147376,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0662/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":41752,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0662/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a4ae4b07f02db624fe2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Detterman, Robert L.","contributorId":71526,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Detterman","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":167622,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38465,"text":"pp1434 - 1988 - Landslides, Floods, and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5, 1982, in the San Francisco Bay Region, California","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":7956,"text":"ofr84583 - 1984 - Peak flow, volume, and frequency of the January 1982 flood, Santa Cruz Mountains and vicinity, California","indexId":"ofr84583","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Peak flow, volume, and frequency of the January 1982 flood, Santa Cruz Mountains and vicinity, California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38465,"text":"pp1434 - 1988 - Landslides, Floods, and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5, 1982, in the San Francisco Bay Region, California","indexId":"pp1434","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Landslides, Floods, and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5, 1982, in the San Francisco Bay Region, California"},"id":1},{"subject":{"id":10565,"text":"ofr831 - 1983 - Chemical analyses of selected Tertiary and Quaternary volcanic rocks, Cascade Range, Washington","indexId":"ofr831","publicationYear":"1983","noYear":false,"title":"Chemical analyses of selected Tertiary and Quaternary volcanic rocks, Cascade Range, Washington"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38465,"text":"pp1434 - 1988 - Landslides, Floods, and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5, 1982, in the San Francisco Bay Region, California","indexId":"pp1434","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Landslides, Floods, and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5, 1982, in the San Francisco Bay Region, California"},"id":2},{"subject":{"id":15220,"text":"ofr84248 - 1984 - Stream-channel response to the January 3-5, 1982 storm in the Santa Cruz Mountains, west central California","indexId":"ofr84248","publicationYear":"1984","noYear":false,"title":"Stream-channel response to the January 3-5, 1982 storm in the Santa Cruz Mountains, west central California"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38465,"text":"pp1434 - 1988 - Landslides, Floods, and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5, 1982, in the San Francisco Bay Region, California","indexId":"pp1434","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"title":"Landslides, Floods, and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5, 1982, in the San Francisco Bay Region, California"},"id":3}],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-07-10T12:56:45","indexId":"pp1434","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1434","title":"Landslides, Floods, and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5, 1982, in the San Francisco Bay Region, California","docAbstract":"A catastrophic rainstorm in central California on January 3-5,1982, dropped as much as half the mean annual precipitation within a period of about 32 hours, triggering landslides and floods throughout 10 counties in the vicinity of the San Francisco Bay. More than 18,000 of the slides induced by the storm transformed into debris flows that swept down hillslopes or drainages with little warning. Debris flows damaged at least 100 homes, killed 14 residents, and carried a 15th victim into a creek. Shortly after rainfall ceased, more than 459,000 m3 of earth and rock slid from a mountainside above the community of Love Creek in Santa Cruz County, burying 10 people in their homes. Throughout the bay region, thousands of people vacated homes in hazardous areas, entire communities were isolated as roads were blocked, public water systems were destroyed, and power and telephone services were disrupted. Altogether, the storm damaged 6,300 homes, 1,500 businesses, and tens of kilometers of roads, bridges, and communication lines. Preliminary rough estimates of total storm damage, compiled for emergency purposes within 2 weeks of the storm, exceeded $280 million. Carefully documented direct costs from landslides exceeded $66 million; total costs from landslides certainly were greater and probably constituted a much larger proportion of the total storm damage than suggested by these disparate figures. Landslides accounted for 25 of the 33 deaths attributed to the storm.","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"Geological Survey (U.S.)","doi":"10.3133/pp1434","usgsCitation":"Wieczorek, G.F., 1988, Landslides, Floods, and Marine Effects of the Storm of January 3-5, 1982, in the San Francisco Bay Region, California (Version 1.0 ): U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1434, vi, 311 p.; 14 Plates, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1434.","productDescription":"vi, 311 p.; 14 Plates","costCenters":[{"id":300,"text":"Geologic Hazards Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":363,"text":"Landslide Hazards Program","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":125716,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/pp_1434.jpg"},{"id":104653,"rank":700,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_4882.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"},"description":"4882"},{"id":9776,"rank":100,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1988/1434/","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -123.5,36.5 ], [ -123.5,39 ], [ -121,39 ], [ -121,36.5 ], [ -123.5,36.5 ] ] ] } } ] }","edition":"Version 1.0 ","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1de4b07f02db6a9b92","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"Ellen, Stephen D.","contributorId":107300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ellen","given":"Stephen","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":745432,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Wieczorek, Gerald F.","contributorId":81889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wieczorek","given":"Gerald","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219874,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38430,"text":"pp1446 - 1988 - Stratigraphic distribution of fusulinid foraminifera from the Manzano Mountains, New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:53","indexId":"pp1446","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1446","title":"Stratigraphic distribution of fusulinid foraminifera from the Manzano Mountains, New Mexico","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1446","usgsCitation":"Myers, D.A., 1988, Stratigraphic distribution of fusulinid foraminifera from the Manzano Mountains, New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1446, 64 p., [18] leaves of plates : ill., map ; 29 cm. , https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1446.","productDescription":"64 p., [18] leaves of plates : ill., map ; 29 cm. ","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":122075,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1446/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64827,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1446/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a51e4b07f02db629d80","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Myers, Donald A.","contributorId":100906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Myers","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219812,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38432,"text":"pp1448 - 1988 - Sporomorph biostratigraphy, floral changes, and paleoclimatology, Eocene and earliest Oligocene of the eastern Gulf Coast","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:53","indexId":"pp1448","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1448","title":"Sporomorph biostratigraphy, floral changes, and paleoclimatology, Eocene and earliest Oligocene of the eastern Gulf Coast","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1448","usgsCitation":"Frederiksen, N.O., 1988, Sporomorph biostratigraphy, floral changes, and paleoclimatology, Eocene and earliest Oligocene of the eastern Gulf Coast: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1448, 68 p.; 2 plates in pocket, https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1448.","productDescription":"68 p.; 2 plates in pocket","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119211,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1448/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64829,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1448/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64830,"rank":401,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1448/plate-2.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":64831,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1448/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4ad0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Frederiksen, N. O.","contributorId":78356,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frederiksen","given":"N.","email":"","middleInitial":"O.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219814,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38433,"text":"pp1449 - 1988 - Paleontology of late Proterozoic and Early Cambrian rocks of east-central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:53","indexId":"pp1449","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1449","title":"Paleontology of late Proterozoic and Early Cambrian rocks of east-central Alaska","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1449","usgsCitation":"Allison, C., 1988, Paleontology of late Proterozoic and Early Cambrian rocks of east-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1449, 50 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1449.","productDescription":"50 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":165613,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1449/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64832,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1449/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae4e4b07f02db689b29","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Allison, C.W.","contributorId":46586,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Allison","given":"C.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219815,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38450,"text":"pp1408E - 1988 - Water use on the Snake River plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":13849,"text":"ofr85559 - 1986 - Water use on the Snake River plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","indexId":"ofr85559","publicationYear":"1986","noYear":false,"title":"Water use on the Snake River plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38450,"text":"pp1408E - 1988 - Water use on the Snake River plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","indexId":"pp1408E","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"chapter":"E","title":"Water use on the Snake River plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-19T15:49:31","indexId":"pp1408E","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1408","chapter":"E","title":"Water use on the Snake River plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon","docAbstract":"Amounts of water withdrawn and consumptively used for irrigation \nand other uses on the Snake River Plain were estimated to help deter- \nmine hydrologic effects of ground- and surface-water use. Irrigation is \nthe largest off stream use of water on the plain. Surface-water irriga- \ntion began in the 1840's and increased rapidly through the early 1900's. \nUse of ground water for irrigation accelerated after World War II. In \n1980, about 3.1 million acres were irrigated: 1.0 million acres were \nirrigated with about 2.3 million acre-feet of ground water; 2.0 million \nacres were irrigated with about 12.7 million acre-feet of surface water; \n0.1 million acres were irrigated with combined surface and ground water. \nHistorical changes in aquifer storage and spring discharge are closely \nrelated to changes in irrigation practices.\nIndustries, including aquaculture, withdrew an estimated 1.97 million \nacre-feet of water. Withdrawals for other offstream uses, including public \nand rural supplies, totaled 132,000 acre-feet. Hydroelectric power \ngeneration is an economically important instream use of water. In \n1980, about 52 million acre-feet of surface water was used to generate \n2.6 million megawatt-hours of electricity. Native vegetation evapo- \ntranspired an estimated 3.7 million acre-feet, and 900,000 acre-feet \nevaporated from bare ground and open water.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/pp1408E","usgsCitation":"Goodell, S.A., 1988, Water use on the Snake River plain, Idaho and eastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1408, vi, 51 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1408E.","productDescription":"vi, 51 p.","numberOfPages":"63","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":122089,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408e/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64930,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408e/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -117.0,42.0 ], [ -117.0,45.0 ], [ -111.0,45.0 ], [ -111.0,42.0 ], [ -117.0,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49f4e4b07f02db5eff26","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goodell, S. A.","contributorId":38168,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goodell","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38449,"text":"pp1408D - 1988 - Solute geochemistry of the Snake River plain regional aquifer system, Idaho and eastern Oregon","interactions":[{"subject":{"id":21461,"text":"ofr86247 - 1987 - Solute geochemistry of the Snake River plain regional aquifer system, Idaho and eastern Oregon","indexId":"ofr86247","publicationYear":"1987","noYear":false,"title":"Solute geochemistry of the Snake River plain regional aquifer system, Idaho and eastern Oregon"},"predicate":"SUPERSEDED_BY","object":{"id":38449,"text":"pp1408D - 1988 - Solute geochemistry of the Snake River plain regional aquifer system, Idaho and eastern Oregon","indexId":"pp1408D","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"chapter":"D","title":"Solute geochemistry of the Snake River plain regional aquifer system, Idaho and eastern Oregon"},"id":1}],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-11-19T15:49:12","indexId":"pp1408D","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1408","chapter":"D","title":"Solute geochemistry of the Snake River plain regional aquifer system, Idaho and eastern Oregon","docAbstract":"Four geochemical approaches were used to determine chemical \nreactions controlling solute concentrations in the Snake River Plain \nregional aquifer system: (1) calculation of a solute balance within the \naquifer, (2) identification of weathered products in the aquifer frame- \nwork, (3) comparison of thermodynamic mineral saturation indices with \nplausible solute reactions, and (4) comparison of stable-isotope ratios \nof the solutes with those in the aquifer framework. Solutes in the geo- \nthermal groundwater system underlying the main aquifer were examined \nby calculating thermodynamic mineral saturation indices, stable-isotope \nratios, geothermometry, and radiocarbon dating.\nWater budgets, hydrologic arguments, and isotopic analyses for the \neastern Snake River Plain aquifer system demonstrate that most, if not \nall, water is of local meteoric and not juvenile or formation origin. Thus, \nthe solutes must also originate within the basin. Solute balance, isotopic, \nmineralogic, and thermodynamic arguments suggest that about 20 per- \ncent of the solutes leaving the basin are derived from reactions with \nrocks forming the aquifer framework. Most of the remaining solutes \nare introduced from tributary drainage basins.\nMass-balance calculations, thermodynamic arguments, and petro- \ngraphic observations indicate that calcite and silica are precipitated in \nthe aquifer. Petrographic evidence and thermodynamic arguments sug- \ngest that olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase, pyrite, and anhydrite are being \nweathered from the aquifer framework. Large amounts of sodium, \nchloride, and sulfate, relative to their concentration in the igneous rock, \nare being removed from the aquifer. Release of fluids from inclusions \nin the igneous rocks and initial flushing of grain boundaries and pores \nof detrital marine sediments in interbeds are believed to be a major \nsource of these solutes. Identification and quantification of reactions \ncontrolling solute concentrations in ground water in the eastern plain \nindicate that the aquifer is not a large mixing vessel that simply stores \nand transmits water and solutes but is undergoing diagenesis and is \nboth a source and a sink for solutes.\nEvaluation of solute concentrations and stable-isotope ratios of \nhydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and sulfur along groundwater flowpaths that \ntransect irrigated areas suggests that irrigation water may have altered \nsolute concentrations and isotope ratios in the eastern Snake River Plain \naquifer system. The changes, however, have been small because of the \nsimilarity of solute concentrations and ratios in applied irrigation water \nand in native ground water, and because of rapid movement and large \ndispersivity of the aquifer.\nReactions controlling solutes in the western Snake River basin are \nbelieved to be similar to those in the eastern basin but, because of dif- \nferent hydrologic conditions, a definitive analysis could not be made.\nThe regional geothermal system that underlies the Snake River Plain \ncontains total dissolved solids similar to those in the overlying Snake \nRiver Plain aquifer system but contains higher concentrations of sodium, \nbicarbonate, silica, fluoride, sulfate, chloride, arsenic, boron, and lithium,\nand lower concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and hydrogen. These \nsolutes are believed to be derived from reactions similar to those in the \nSnake River Plain aquifer system, except that ion exchange and hydrol- \nysis play a role in controlling solute concentrations in the geothermal \nsystem.\nGeothermometry calculations of selected ground-water samples from \nknown geothermal areas throughout the basin suggest that the geother- \nmal system is large in areal extent but has relatively low temperatures. \nApproximately half of the silica-quartz calculated water temperatures \nare greater than 90 °C. Radiocarbon dating of geothermal water in the \nSalmon Falls and Bruneau-Grand View areas in the south central part \nof the Snake River basin suggests that residence time of the geother- \nmal water is about 17,700 years.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Government Printing Office","doi":"10.3133/pp1408D","usgsCitation":"Wood, W., and Low, W.H., 1988, Solute geochemistry of the Snake River plain regional aquifer system, Idaho and eastern Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1408, vi, 79 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1408D.","productDescription":"vi, 79 p.","numberOfPages":"91","costCenters":[{"id":343,"text":"Idaho Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":123112,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408d/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64929,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1408d/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho;Oregon","otherGeospatial":"Snake River Plain","geographicExtents":"{ \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\", \"features\": [ { \"type\": \"Feature\", \"properties\": {}, \"geometry\": { \"type\": \"Polygon\", \"coordinates\": [ [ [ -111.0,42.0 ], [ -111.0,45.0 ], [ -117.0,45.0 ], [ -117.0,42.0 ], [ -111.0,42.0 ] ] ] } } ] }","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49efe4b07f02db5ed9fc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wood, Warren W.","contributorId":47770,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wood","given":"Warren W.","affiliations":[{"id":6601,"text":"Michigan State University","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":219842,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Low, Walton H.","contributorId":92672,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Low","given":"Walton","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219843,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":13845,"text":"ofr8888 - 1988 - Two data sets describing channel-wide temporal variations in bedload-transport rates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:06:49","indexId":"ofr8888","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-88","title":"Two data sets describing channel-wide temporal variations in bedload-transport rates","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/ofr8888","usgsCitation":"Gomez, B., 1988, Two data sets describing channel-wide temporal variations in bedload-transport rates: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-88, iv, 26 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr8888.","productDescription":"iv, 26 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":146238,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0088/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":42445,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0088/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a49e4b07f02db623ad0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gomez, Basil","contributorId":65475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gomez","given":"Basil","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":168495,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":38395,"text":"pp1457 - 1988 - Geology and uranium deposits of the Cochetopa and Marshall Pass districts, Saguache and Gunnison counties, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:09:39","indexId":"pp1457","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":331,"text":"Professional Paper","code":"PP","onlineIssn":"2330-7102","printIssn":"1044-9612","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"1457","title":"Geology and uranium deposits of the Cochetopa and Marshall Pass districts, Saguache and Gunnison counties, Colorado","docAbstract":"The Cochetopa and Marshall Pass uranium districts are in Saguache and Gunnison Counties, south-central Colorado. Geologic mapping of both districts has shown that their structural history and geologic relationships have a bearing on the distribution and origin of their uranium deposits. In both districts, the principal uranium deposits are situated at the intersection of major faults with Tertiary erosion surfaces. These surfaces were buried by early Tertiary siliceous tuffs-- a likely source of the uranium. That uranium deposits are related to such unconformities in various parts of the world has been suggested by many other authors. The purpose of this study is to understand the geology of the two districts and to define a genetic model for uranium deposits that may be useful in the discovery and evaluation of uranium deposits in these and other similar geologic settings. \r\n\r\nThe Cochetopa and Marshall Pass uranium districts produced nearly 1,200 metric tons of uranium oxide from 1956 to 1963. Several workings at the Los Ochos mine in the Cochetopa district, and the Pitch mine in the Marshall Pass district, accounted for about 97 percent of this production, but numerous other occurrences of uranium are known in the two districts. As a result of exploration of the Pitch deposit in the 1970's, a large open-pit mining operation began in 1978. \r\n\r\nProterozoic rocks in both districts comprise metavolcanic, metasedimentary, and igneous units. Granitic rocks, predominantly quartz monzonitic in composition, occupy large areas. In the northwestern part of the Cochetopa district, metavolcanic and related metasedimentary rocks are of low grade (lower amphibolite facies). In the Marshall Pass district, layered metamorphic rocks are predominantly metasedimentary and are of higher (sillimanite subfacies) grade than the Cochetopa rocks. \r\n\r\nPaleozoic sedimentary rocks in the Marshall Pass district range from Late Cambrian to Pennsylvanian in age and are 700 m thick. The Paleozoic rocks include, from oldest to youngest, the Sawatch Quartzite, Manitou Dolomite, Harding Quartzite, Fremont Dolomite, Parting Formation and Dyer Dolomite of the Chaffee Group, Leadville Dolomite, and Belden Formation. In the Cochetopa district, Paleozoic rocks are absent. \r\n\r\nMesozoic sedimentary rocks overlie the Precambrian rocks in the Cochetopa district and comprise the Junction Creek Sandstone, Morrison Formation, Dakota Sandstone, and Mancos Shale. In the Marshall Pass district, Mesozoic rocks are absent and were presumably removed by pre-Tertiary erosion. \r\n\r\nTertiary volcanic rocks were deposited on an irregular surface of unconformity; they blanketed both districts but have been eroded, away from much of the area. They include silicic ash flows as well as andesitic lava flows and breccias. In the Marshall Pass district, a 20to 20D-m thickness of waterlaid tuff of early Tertiary age indicates the former presence of a lake over much of the district. \r\n\r\nIn the Cochetopa district, faults have a predominantly east-west trend, and the major Los Ochos fault shows displacement during Laramide time. In the Marshall Pass district, the Chester fault is a major north-trending reverse fault along which Proterozoic rocks have been thrust westward over Paleozoic and Proterozoic rocks. Displacement on the Chester fault was almost entirely of Laramide age. \r\n\r\nBoth faults and old erosion surfaces or unconformities are important in the origin of uranium deposits because of their influence on the movement and localization of ore-forming solutions. In the Cochetopa district, all the known uranium occurrences crop out within 100 m of the inferred position of the unconformity surface beneath the Tertiary volcanic rocks. Much of the district was part of the drainage of an ancestral Cochetopa Creek. The principal uranium deposit, at the Los Ochos mine, is localized along the Los Ochos fault and is near the bottom of the paleovalley where the paleovalley crosses the fault. This ","language":"ENGLISH","doi":"10.3133/pp1457","usgsCitation":"Olson, J.C., 1988, Geology and uranium deposits of the Cochetopa and Marshall Pass districts, Saguache and Gunnison counties, Colorado: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1457, 44 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/pp1457.","productDescription":"44 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119815,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1457/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":64754,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1457/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad6e4b07f02db6841b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Olson, Jerry C.","contributorId":89202,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Olson","given":"Jerry","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":219742,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":29623,"text":"wri884167 - 1988 - Land-subsidence measurements and aquifer-compaction monitoring in Tucson Basin and Avra Valley, Arizona","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:08:58","indexId":"wri884167","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-4167","title":"Land-subsidence measurements and aquifer-compaction monitoring in Tucson Basin and Avra Valley, Arizona","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri884167","usgsCitation":"Schumann, H.H., and Anderson, S.R., 1988, Land-subsidence measurements and aquifer-compaction monitoring in Tucson Basin and Avra Valley, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4167, iv, 15 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri884167.","productDescription":"iv, 15 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":119537,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4167/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":58445,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1988/4167/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b23e4b07f02db6adf68","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Schumann, H. H.","contributorId":94321,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schumann","given":"H.","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Anderson, S. R.","contributorId":93518,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":201832,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":28766,"text":"wri874058 - 1988 - Geohydrology and numerical model analysis of ground-water flow in the Goose Lake Basin, Oregon and California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-07T08:15:50","indexId":"wri874058","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"87-4058","title":"Geohydrology and numerical model analysis of ground-water flow in the Goose Lake Basin, Oregon and California","language":"ENGLISH","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey,","doi":"10.3133/wri874058","usgsCitation":"Morgan, D.S., 1988, Geohydrology and numerical model analysis of ground-water flow in the Goose Lake Basin, Oregon and California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4058, ix, 92 p. :ill., maps (1 col.) ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri874058.","productDescription":"ix, 92 p. :ill., maps (1 col.) ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":119041,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4058/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":57632,"rank":400,"type":{"id":17,"text":"Plate"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4058/plate-1.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":57633,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1987/4058/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b1be4b07f02db6a8cd2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Morgan, D. S.","contributorId":19184,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Morgan","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":200360,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":27127,"text":"wri854331 - 1988 - Low-flow routing in the Lehigh and Delaware Rivers, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-07-05T11:25:17","indexId":"wri854331","displayToPublicDate":"1994-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"85-4331","title":"Low-flow routing in the Lehigh and Delaware Rivers, Pennsylvania","docAbstract":"Flow-routing studies were made to evaluate the response of the Lehigh and Delaware Rivers to low-flow augmentative releases from two reservoirs --Francis E. Walter Reservoir and Beltzville Lake--in the Lehigh River basin. Digital routing models that use diffusion-analogy methods to convolute flows with system-response functions were developed to simulate daily flows at selected sites. Model errors, for five sites and for periods of 1 year or more, were mostly between 3 and 12 percent in terms of absolute errors in daily flows and were mostly within 4 percent for flow volumes.\r\n\r\n The developed models were satisfactory for predicting hydrographic response at eight sites in the reach from White Haven, Pennsylvania to Trenton, New Jersey. However, abrupt changes in the flow rate of the Lehigh River at the Bethlehem and the Glendon gaging stations could not be adequately replicated with the model. The model tends to underestimate peaks by as much as 30 percent and to overestimate some low flows of short duration by as much as 20 percent. This occurs primarily because inflows from ungaged areas could not be reliably modeled throughout their ranges by use of flow records for gaged streams. The model will underestimate long-duration low flows at the Glendon site for periods when underflows at the gaging stations on Little Lehigh and Monocacy Creeks are significant.\r\n\r\n The models were used to route hypothetical releases from Francis E. Walter Reservoir during a low-flow period. The model for the Lehigh River indicated that an added release of 50 ft3/s (cubic feet per second) over a 64-day period during the severe drought in the summer of 1965 would have increased minimum flows for this period at Bethlehem and Glendon by approximately the same amount. A hypothetical release of 200 ft3/s for the period July 20-22, 1965, which is about eight times the actual release in this period, would have been attenuated by about 25 percent when it reached the Bethlehem gage. The synthesized hydrograph for the Bethlehem gage showed such a release would have passed their by July 27. Unresolvable timing errors in the models created an unrealistic hydrographic response for this release at the Trenton gage; but, such a release probably would have passed Trenton by July 29.\r\n\r\n In order to time the movement of a release wave more accurately than could be done with the developed model, travel times for the wave of an augmentative low-flow release were obtained by field observations and comparisons of gage-height records. The observed leading edge of an abrupt release of 153 ft3/s from Francis E. Walter Reservoir, which ended a 2-day release at a rate of 48 ft3/s, arrived at the gage below the reservoir in 0.5 hour, at White Haven in 3.7 hours, at the mouth of Pohopoco Creek in about 23.1 hours, at Walnutport in 27 hours, at Bethlehem in 39 hours, and at Glendon in 42 hours.\r\n\r\n This release could not be detected in the record for the Trenton gage. Travel time for an augmentative release in the Lehigh River is dependent upon the pre-release discharge, the relative magnitude of the release, and antecedent rainfall. Relationships are provided for estimating the time of arrival at Walnutport, Bethlehem, and Glendon of the leading edge of waves generated by augmentative releases of 75 to 600 ft3/s. Stage observations on Pohopoco Creek indicated a 2.1-hour travel time between Beltzville Lake and the Lehigh River for the elading edge of a wave produced by a typical augmentative release from this reservoir.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri854331","usgsCitation":"Flippo, H., 1988, Low-flow routing in the Lehigh and Delaware Rivers, Pennsylvania: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4331, iv, 30 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri854331.","productDescription":"iv, 30 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm.","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":124730,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4331/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":55988,"rank":300,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1985/4331/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a7fe4b07f02db6487c3","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Flippo, H.N. Jr.","contributorId":96301,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Flippo","given":"H.N.","suffix":"Jr.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":197599,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ]}