{"pageNumber":"466","pageRowStart":"11625","pageSize":"25","recordCount":16502,"records":[{"id":70017329,"text":"70017329 - 1992 - Sources of nitrogen and phosphorus to Northern San Francisco Bay","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-19T09:18:04","indexId":"70017329","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1583,"text":"Estuaries","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sources of nitrogen and phosphorus to Northern San Francisco Bay","docAbstract":"<p class=\"Para\">We studied nutrient sources to the Sacramento River and Suisun Bay (northern San Francisco Bay) and the influence which these sources have on the distributions of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) in the river and bay. We found that agricultural return flow drains and a municipal wastewater treatment plant were the largest sources of nutrients to the river during low river flow. The Sutter and Colusa agricultural drains contributed about 70% of the transport of DIN and DRP by the river above Sacramento (about 20% of the total transport by the river) between August 8 and September 26, 1985. Further downstream, the Sacramento Regional Wastewater Treatment Plant discharged DIN and DRP at rates that were roughly 70% of total DIN and DRP transport by the river at that time. Concentrations at Rio Vista on the tidal river below the Sacramento plant and at the head of the estuary were related to the reciprocals of the river flows, indicating the importance of dilution of the Sacramento waste by river flows. During very dry years, elevated DIN and DRP concentrations were observed in Suisun Bay. We used a steady-state, one-dimensional, single-compartment box model of the bay, incorporating terms for advection, exchange, and waste input, to calculate a residual rate for all processes not included in the model. We found that the residual for DIN was related to concentrations of chlorophyll<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>(Chl<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">a</i>). The residual for DRP was also related to Chl<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>at high concentrations of Chl<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">a</i>, but showed significant losses of DRP at low Chl<i class=\"EmphasisTypeItalic \">a</i><span>&nbsp;</span>concentrations. These losses were typically equivalent to about 80% of the wastewater input rate.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.2307/1352708","issn":"15592723","usgsCitation":"Hager, S., and Schemel, L., 1992, Sources of nitrogen and phosphorus to Northern San Francisco Bay: Estuaries, v. 15, no. 1, p. 40-52, https://doi.org/10.2307/1352708.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"40","endPage":"52","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224692,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205530,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02690060"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.52365112304688,\n              37.40943717748788\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.64886474609375,\n              37.40943717748788\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.64886474609375,\n              38.190704293996504\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.52365112304688,\n              38.190704293996504\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.52365112304688,\n              37.40943717748788\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"15","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b9388e4b08c986b31a53c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hager, S.W.","contributorId":51746,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hager","given":"S.W.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Schemel, L. E.","contributorId":89529,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Schemel","given":"L. E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":376148,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016682,"text":"70016682 - 1992 - An improved method for field extraction and laboratory analysis of large, intact soil cores","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-14T06:02:06","indexId":"70016682","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2262,"text":"Journal of Environmental Quality","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"An improved method for field extraction and laboratory analysis of large, intact soil cores","docAbstract":"<p>Various methods have been proposed for the extraction of large, undisturbed soil cores and for subsequent analysis of fluid movement within the cores. The major problems associated with these methods are expense, cumbersome field extraction, and inadequate simulation of unsaturated flow conditions. A field and laboratory procedure is presented that is economical, convenient, and simulates unsaturated and saturated flow without interface flow problems and can be used on a variety of soil types. In the field, a stainless steel core barrel is hydraulically pressed into the soil (30-cm diam. and 38 cm high), the barrel and core are extracted from the soil, and after the barrel is removed from the core, the core is then wrapped securely with flexible sheet metal and a stainless mesh screen is attached to the bottom of the core for support. In the laboratory the soil core is set atop a porous ceramic plate over which a soil-diatomaceous earth slurry has been poured to assure good contact between plate and core. A cardboard cylinder (mold) is fastened around the core and the empty space filled with paraffin wax. Soil cores were tested under saturated and unsaturated conditions using a hanging water column for potentials ≤0. Breakthrough curves indicated that no interface flow occurred along the edge of the core. This procedure proved to be reliable for field extraction of large, intact soil cores and for laboratory analysis of solute transport.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"ACSESS","doi":"10.2134/jeq1992.00472425002100020017x","issn":"00472425","usgsCitation":"Tindall, J., Hemmen, K., and Dowd, J., 1992, An improved method for field extraction and laboratory analysis of large, intact soil cores: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 21, no. 2, p. 259-263, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1992.00472425002100020017x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"259","endPage":"263","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225123,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"21","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ea70e4b0c8380cd48870","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tindall, J.A.","contributorId":25711,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tindall","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374213,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hemmen, K.","contributorId":57322,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hemmen","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374215,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dowd, J.F.","contributorId":47926,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dowd","given":"J.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374214,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017146,"text":"70017146 - 1992 - Evaluation of the depth-integration method of measuring water discharge in large rivers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-06T16:50:55.501777","indexId":"70017146","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Evaluation of the depth-integration method of measuring water discharge in large rivers","docAbstract":"<div id=\"SP0005\" class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">The depth-integration method of measuring water discharge makes a continuous measurement of the water velocity from the water surface to the bottom at 20 to 40 locations or verticals across a river. It is especially practical for large rivers where river traffic makes it impractical to use boats attached to taglines strung across the river or to use current meters suspended from bridges. This method has the additional advantage over the standard two- and eight-tenths method in that a discharge-weighted suspended-sediment sample can be collected at the same time. When this method is used in large rivers such as the Missouri, Mississippi and Ohio, a microwave navigation system is used to determine the ship's position at each vertical sampling location across the river, and to make accurate velocity corrections to compensate for shift drift. An essential feature is a hydraulic winch that can lower and raise the current meter at a constant transit velocity so that the velocities at all depths are measured for equal lengths of time.</div><div id=\"SP0010\" class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">Field calibration measurements show that: (1) the mean velocity measured on the upcast (bottom to surface) is within 1% of the standard mean velocity determined by 9–11 point measurements; (2) if the transit velocity is less than 25% of the mean velocity, then average error in the mean velocity is 4% or less.</div><div id=\"SP0015\" class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">The major source of bias error is a result of mounting the current meter above a sounding weight and sometimes above a suspended-sediment sampling bottle, which prevents measurement of the velocity all the way to the bottom. The measured mean velocity is slightly larger than the true mean velocity. This bias error in the discharge is largest in shallow water (approximately 8% for the Missouri River at Hermann, MO, where the mean depth was 4.3 m) and smallest in deeper water (approximately 3% for the Mississippi River at Vickbsurg, MS, where the mean depth was 14.5 m). The major source of random error in the discharge is the natural variability of river velocities, which we assumed to be independent and random at each vertical. The standard error of the estimated mean velocity, at an individual vertical sampling location, may be as large as 9%, for large sand-bed alluvial rivers. The computed discharge, however, is a weighted mean of these random velocities. Consequently the standard error of computed discharge is divided by the square root of the number of verticals, producing typical values between 1 and 2%.</div><div id=\"SP0020\" class=\"u-margin-s-bottom\">The discharges measured by the depth-integrated method agreed within ±5% of those measured simultaneously by the standard two- and eight-tenths, six-tenth and moving boat methods.</div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(92)90089-E","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Moody, J.A., and Troutman, B., 1992, Evaluation of the depth-integration method of measuring water discharge in large rivers: Journal of Hydrology, v. 135, no. 1-4, p. 201-236, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(92)90089-E.","productDescription":"36 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"236","numberOfPages":"36","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224727,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a0cdee4b0c8380cd52d1b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moody, J. A.","contributorId":32930,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moody","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Troutman, B.M.","contributorId":73638,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Troutman","given":"B.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375554,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70017131,"text":"70017131 - 1992 - Floodplain storage of mine tailings in the Belle Fourche river system: a sediment budget approach","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-07T07:25:13","indexId":"70017131","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1425,"text":"Earth Surface Processes and Landforms","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Floodplain storage of mine tailings in the Belle Fourche river system: a sediment budget approach","docAbstract":"<p>Arsenic‐contaminated mine tailings that were discharged into Whitewood Creek at Lead, South Dakota, from 1876 to 1978, were deposited along the floodplains of Whitewood Creek and the Belle Fourche River. The resulting arsenic‐contaminated floodplain deposit consists mostly of overbank sediments and filled abandoned meanders along White‐wood Creek, and overbank and point‐bar sediments along the Belle Fourche River. Arsenic concentrations of the contaminated sediments indicate the degree of dilution of mine tailings by uncontaminated alluvium.</p><p>About 13 per cent of the 110 × 10<sup>6</sup><span>&nbsp;</span>Mg of mine tailings that were discharged at Lead were deposited along the Whitewood Creek floodplain. Deposition of mine tailings near the mouth of Whitewood Creek was augmented by an engineered structure. About 29 per cent of the mine tailings delivered by Whitewood Creek were deposited along the Belle Fourche River floodplain. About 60 per cent of that sediment is contained in overbank deposits. Deposition along a segment of the Belle Fourche River was augmented by rapid channel migration. The proportions of contaminated sediment stored along Whitewood Creek and the Belle Fourche River are consistent with sediment storage along the floodplains of perennial streams in other, similar sized watersheds.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1002/esp.3290170704","usgsCitation":"Marron, D., 1992, Floodplain storage of mine tailings in the Belle Fourche river system: a sediment budget approach: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, v. 17, no. 7, p. 675-685, https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3290170704.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"675","endPage":"685","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224485,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":269248,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.3290170704"}],"volume":"17","issue":"7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-07-26","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a118be4b0c8380cd54024","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Marron, D. C.","contributorId":16031,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marron","given":"D. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375512,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017233,"text":"70017233 - 1992 - Use of geochemical biomarkers in bottom sediment to track oil from a spill, San Francisco Bay, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-14T05:23:15","indexId":"70017233","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Use of geochemical biomarkers in bottom sediment to track oil from a spill, San Francisco Bay, California","docAbstract":"<p>In April 1988, approximately 1500 m3 of a San Joaquin Valley crude oil were accidentally released from a Shell Oil Co. refinery near Martinez, Californa. The oil flowed into Carquinez Strait and Suisun Bay in northern San Francisco Bay Sediment and oil samples were collected within a week and analysed for geochemical marker compounds in order to track the molecular signature of the oil spill in the bottom sediment. Identification of the spilled oil in the sediment was complicated by the degraded nature of the oil and the similarity of the remaining, chromatographically resolvable constituents to those already present in the sediments from anthropogenic petroleum contamination, pyrogenic sources, and urban drainage. Ratios of hopane and sterane biomarkers, and of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their alkylated derivatives best identified the oil impingement. They showed the oil impact at this early stage to be surficial only, and to be patchy even within an area of heavy oil exposure.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-326X(92)90311-S","issn":"0025326X","usgsCitation":"Hostettler, F., Rapp, J.B., and Kvenvolden, K., 1992, Use of geochemical biomarkers in bottom sediment to track oil from a spill, San Francisco Bay, California: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 24, no. 1, p. 15-20, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(92)90311-S.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"15","endPage":"20","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":154,"text":"California Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224731,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":205540,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(92)90311-S"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.82714843749999,\n              37.36579146999664\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.3604736328125,\n              37.36579146999664\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.3604736328125,\n              38.46864331036051\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.82714843749999,\n              38.46864331036051\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.82714843749999,\n              37.36579146999664\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbf16e4b08c986b329951","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hostettler, F. D.","contributorId":99563,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostettler","given":"F. D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375835,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rapp, J. B.","contributorId":28987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rapp","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375833,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kvenvolden, K.A.","contributorId":80674,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"K.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375834,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017219,"text":"70017219 - 1992 - GIS-assisted regression analysis to identify sources of selenium in streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-19T07:47:56","indexId":"70017219","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3718,"text":"Water Resources Bulletin","printIssn":"0043-1370","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"GIS-assisted regression analysis to identify sources of selenium in streams","docAbstract":"Using a geographic information system, a regression model has been developed to identify and to assess potential sources of selenium in the Kendrick Reclamation Project Area, Wyoming. A variety of spatially distributed factors was examined to determine which factors are most likely to affect selenium discharge in tributaries to the North Platte River. Areas of Upper Cretaceous Cody Shale and Quaternary alluvial deposits and irrigated land, length of irrigation canals, and boundaries of hydrologic subbasins of the major tributaries to the North Platte River were digitized and stored in a geographic information system. Selenium concentrations in samples of soil, plant material, ground water, and surface water were determined and evaluated. The location of all sampling sites was digitized and stored in the geographic information system, together with the selenium concentrations in samples. A regression model was developed using stepwise multiple regression of median selenium discharges on the physical and chemical characteristics of hydrologic subbasins. Results indicate that the intensity of irrigation in a hydrologic subbasin, as determined by area of irrigated land and length of irrigation delivery canals, accounts for the largest variation in median selenium discharges among subbasins. Tributaries draining hydrologic subbasins with greater intensity of irrigation result in greater selenium discharges to the North Platte River than do tributaries draining subbasins with lesser intensity of irrigation.","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1752-1688.1992.tb03997.x","issn":"00431370","usgsCitation":"See, R.B., Naftz, D.L., and Qualls, C.L., 1992, GIS-assisted regression analysis to identify sources of selenium in streams: Water Resources Bulletin, v. 28, no. 2, p. 315-330, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1992.tb03997.x.","productDescription":"16 p.","startPage":"315","endPage":"330","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225160,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267706,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1992.tb03997.x"}],"volume":"28","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2007-06-08","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a146be4b0c8380cd54a1a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"See, Randolph B. rsee@usgs.gov","contributorId":5632,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"See","given":"Randolph","email":"rsee@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":375780,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Naftz, David L. 0000-0003-1130-6892 dlnaftz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1130-6892","contributorId":1041,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Naftz","given":"David","email":"dlnaftz@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":5050,"text":"WY-MT Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":375779,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Qualls, Charles L.","contributorId":106394,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Qualls","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375781,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017205,"text":"70017205 - 1992 - Seasonal dynamics of groundwater-lake interactions at Doñana National Park, Spain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2015-05-26T16:05:04","indexId":"70017205","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seasonal dynamics of groundwater-lake interactions at Doñana National Park, Spain","docAbstract":"<p>The hydrologic and solute budgets of a lake can be strongly influenced by transient groundwater flow. Several shallow interdunal lakes in southwest Spain are in close hydraulic connection with the shallow ground water. Two permanent lakes and one intermittent lake have chloride concentrations that differ by almost an order of magnitude. A two-dimensional solute-transport model, modified to simulate transient groundwater-lake interaction, suggests that the rising water table during the wet season leads to local flow reversals toward the lakes. Response of the individual lakes, however, varies depending on the lake's position in the regional flow system. The most dilute lake is a flow-through lake during the entire year; the through flow is driven by regional groundwater flow. The other permanent lake, which has a higher solute concentration, undergoes seasonal groundwater flow reversals at its downgradient end, resulting in complex seepage patterns and higher solute concentrations in the ground water near the lake. The solute concentration of the intermittent lake is influenced more strongly by the seasonal wetting and drying cycle than by the regional flow system. Although evaporation is the major process affecting the concentration of conservative solutes in the lakes, geochemical and biochemical reactions influence the concentration of nonconservative solutes. Probable reactions in the lakes include biological uptake of solutes and calcite precipitation; probable reactions as lake water seeps into the aquifer are sulfate reduction and calcite dissolution. Seepage reversals can result in water composition that appears inconsistent with predictions based on head measurements because, under transient flow conditions, the flow direction at any instant may not satisfactorily depict the source of the water. Understanding the dynamic nature of groundwater-lake interaction aids in the interpretation of hydrologic and chemical relations between the lakes and the ground water.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(92)90008-J","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Sacks, L.A., Herman, J.S., Konikow, L.F., and Vela, A.L., 1992, Seasonal dynamics of groundwater-lake interactions at Doñana National Park, Spain: Journal of Hydrology, v. 136, no. 1-4, p. 123-154, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(92)90008-J.","productDescription":"32 p.","startPage":"123","endPage":"154","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224875,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"136","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b889ae4b08c986b316a69","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sacks, Laura A.","contributorId":19134,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sacks","given":"Laura","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375719,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herman, Janet S.","contributorId":62138,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"Janet","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375717,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Konikow, Leonard F. 0000-0002-0940-3856 lkonikow@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-3856","contributorId":158,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Konikow","given":"Leonard","email":"lkonikow@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":375716,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Vela, Antonio L.","contributorId":78884,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Vela","given":"Antonio","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375718,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70017107,"text":"70017107 - 1992 - Effects of uranium mining discharges on water quality in the Puerco River basin, Arizona and New Mexico","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-10-03T14:50:25","indexId":"70017107","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1927,"text":"Hydrological Sciences Journal","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Effects of uranium mining discharges on water quality in the Puerco River basin, Arizona and New Mexico","docAbstract":"From 1967 until 1986, uranium mine dewatering increased dissolved gross alpha, gross beta, uranium and radium activities and dissolved selenium and molybdenum concentrations in the Puerco River as indicated by time trends, areal patterns involving distance from the mines and stream discharge. Additionally, increased dissolved uranium concentrations were identified in groundwater under the Puerco River from where mine discharges entered the river to approximately the Arizona-New Mexico State line about 65 km downstream. Total mass of uranium and gross alpha activity released to the Puerco River by mine dewatering were estimated as 560 Mg (560 × 10<sup>6</sup> g) and 260 Ci, respectively. In comparison, a uranium mill tailings pond spill on 16 July 1979, released an estimated 1.5 Mg of uranium and 46 Ci of gross alpha activity. Mass balance calculations for alluvial ground water indicate that most of the uranium released did not remain in solution. Sorption of uranium on sediments and uptake of uranium by plants probably removed the uranium from solution.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Hydrological Sciences Journal/Journal des Sciences Hydrologiques","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/02626669209492612","usgsCitation":"Van Metre, P., and Gray, J.R., 1992, Effects of uranium mining discharges on water quality in the Puerco River basin, Arizona and New Mexico: Hydrological Sciences Journal, v. 37, no. 5, p. 463-480, https://doi.org/10.1080/02626669209492612.","startPage":"463","endPage":"480","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224821,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":294931,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02626669209492612"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arizona, New Mexico","otherGeospatial":"Puerco River","volume":"37","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2009-12-29","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a081de4b0c8380cd519ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Van Metre, P. C.","contributorId":92999,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Van Metre","given":"P. C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Gray, J. R.","contributorId":63372,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gray","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375429,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70016672,"text":"70016672 - 1992 - Identification of persisten anionic surfactant-derived chemicals in sewage effluent and groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:48","indexId":"70016672","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Identification of persisten anionic surfactant-derived chemicals in sewage effluent and groundwater","docAbstract":"Preparative isolation and fractionation procedures coupled with spectrometric analyses were used to identify surfactant-derived contaminants in sewage effluent and sewage-contaminated groundwater from a site located on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Anionic surfactants and their biodegradation intermediates were isolated from field samples by ion exchange and fractionated by solvent extraction and adsorption chromatography. Fractions were analyzed by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Carboxylated residues of alkylphenol polyethoxylate surfactants were detected in sewage effluent and contaminated groundwater. Linear alkylbenzenesulfonates (LAS) were identified in sewage effluent and groundwater. Groundwater LAS composition suggested preferential removal of select isomers and homologs due to processes of biodegradation and partitioning. Tetralin and indane sulfonates (DATS), alicyclic analogs of LAS, were also identified in field samples. Although DATS are a minor portion of LAS formulations, equivalent concentrations of LAS and DATS in groundwater suggested persistence of alicyclic contaminant structures over those of linear structure. Sulfophenyl-carboxylated (SPC) LAS biodegradation intermediates were determined in sewage effluent and groundwater. Homolog distributions suggested that SPC containing 3-10 alkyl-chain carbons persist during infiltration and groundwater transport. Surfactant-derived residues detected in well F300-50 groundwater have a minimum residence time in the range of 2.7-4.6 yr. LAS detected in groundwater at 500 m from infiltration has been stable over an estimated 50-500 half lives.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","language":"English","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Field, J., Leenheer, J., Thorn, K.A., Barber, L., Rostad, C., Macalady, D., and Daniel, S., 1992, Identification of persisten anionic surfactant-derived chemicals in sewage effluent and groundwater, <i>in</i> Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 9, no. 1-2, p. 55-78.","startPage":"55","endPage":"78","numberOfPages":"24","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224983,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3835e4b0c8380cd614ab","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Field, J.A.","contributorId":27616,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"J.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374188,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Leenheer, J.A.","contributorId":75123,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leenheer","given":"J.A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374191,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thorn, K. A.","contributorId":33294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374190,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Barber, L.B. II","contributorId":6097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.B.","suffix":"II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374186,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Rostad, C.","contributorId":8622,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374187,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Macalady, D.L.","contributorId":76468,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Macalady","given":"D.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374192,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Daniel, S.R.","contributorId":28379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Daniel","given":"S.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374189,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7}]}}
,{"id":70017093,"text":"70017093 - 1992 - The dynamic relationship between ground water and the Columbia River: Using deuterium and oxygen-18 as tracers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-06T16:48:32.42053","indexId":"70017093","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The dynamic relationship between ground water and the Columbia River: Using deuterium and oxygen-18 as tracers","docAbstract":"<p><span>Deuterium and oxygen-18 were used as natural tracers to investigate the hydraulic relationship between the Columbia River and the Blue Lake gravel aquifer near Portland, Oregon. A time series of stable-isotope data collected from surface and ground waters during a March 1990 aquifer test confirms that the river and aquifer are hydraulically connected. Calculations based on simple mixing show that the river contributed 40–50% of the yield of three wells after 5–6 days of pumping. Data collected during August 1990, show that the river contributed 65–80% of the yield of one well after 22 days of pumping and indicate that the contribution of the river was still increasing.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(92)90078-A","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"McCarthy, K.A., McFarland, W.D., Wilkinson, J., and White, L.D., 1992, The dynamic relationship between ground water and the Columbia River: Using deuterium and oxygen-18 as tracers: Journal of Hydrology, v. 135, no. 1-4, p. 1-12, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(92)90078-A.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"1","endPage":"12","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":518,"text":"Oregon Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224628,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505baae7e4b08c986b322ab5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McCarthy, K. A.","contributorId":107309,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCarthy","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375371,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McFarland, W. D.","contributorId":57099,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McFarland","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375370,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Wilkinson, J.M.","contributorId":12068,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilkinson","given":"J.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375368,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"White, L. D.","contributorId":14330,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"White","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70017082,"text":"70017082 - 1992 - Herbicide transport in rivers: Importance of hydrology and geochemistry in nonpoint-source contamination","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-19T07:43:39","indexId":"70017082","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Herbicide transport in rivers: Importance of hydrology and geochemistry in nonpoint-source contamination","docAbstract":"<div id=\"yui_3_14_1_1_1457731641111_1474\" data-canvas-width=\"60.43028543586828\">Alachlor, atrazine, cyanazine, metolachlor, and metribuzin were measured at six sites during 1984 and 1985 in large subbasins within the Cedar River, IA. A computer model separated the Cedar River discharge hydrograph into groundwater and overland-flow components. The concentration of herbicides in the river when groundwater was the major flow component was less than 1.0 <span>&mu;</span>g/L and averaged 0.2 <span>&mu;</span>g/L. The maximum concentrations of herbicides occurred when overland flow was the major component of river discharge, exceeding 50 pg/L for total herbicides. About 6% of the annual river load of atrazine was transported with the groundwater component, while 94% was transported with overland flow. From 1.5 to 5% of the atrazine applied during the year was transported from the basin. Atrazine concentrations in the river in- creased according to the discharge divided by the drainage area. This correlation indicates that rivers with large normalized 2-year peak flows have the potential to transport large concentrations of herbicides. A diagrammatic model of nonpoint-source transport of herbicides was developed that suggests that sorbed transport from fields occurs during episodes of overland flow with rapid dissolution of herbicides downstream.&nbsp;</div>","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es00027a015","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Squillace, P.J., and Thurman, E., 1992, Herbicide transport in rivers: Importance of hydrology and geochemistry in nonpoint-source contamination: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 26, no. 3, p. 538-545, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00027a015.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"538","endPage":"545","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":351,"text":"Iowa Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology 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,{"id":70016911,"text":"70016911 - 1992 - Bioremediation of uranium contamination with enzymatic uranium reduction","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T11:27:24","indexId":"70016911","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1565,"text":"Environmental Science & Technology","onlineIssn":"1520-5851","printIssn":"0013-936X","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bioremediation of uranium contamination with enzymatic uranium reduction","docAbstract":"Enzymatic uranium reduction by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans readily removed uranium from solution in a batch system or when D. desulfuricans was separated from the bulk of the uranium-containing water by a semipermeable membrane. Uranium reduction continued at concentrations as high as 24 mM. Of a variety of potentially inhibiting anions and metals evaluated, only high concentrations of copper inhibited uranium reduction. Freeze-dried cells, stored aerobically, reduced uranium as fast as fresh cells. D. desulfuricans reduced uranium in pH 4 and pH 7.4 mine drainage waters and in uraniumcontaining groundwaters from a contaminated Department of Energy site. Enzymatic uranium reduction has several potential advantages over other bioprocessing techniques for uranium removal, the most important of which are as follows: the ability to precipitate uranium that is in the form of a uranyl carbonate complex; high capacity for uranium removal per cell; the formation of a compact, relatively pure, uranium precipitate.","language":"English","publisher":"ACS","doi":"10.1021/es00035a023","issn":"0013936X","usgsCitation":"Lovley, D.R., and Phillips, E.J., 1992, Bioremediation of uranium contamination with enzymatic uranium reduction: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 26, no. 11, p. 2228-2234, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00035a023.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"2228","endPage":"2234","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224617,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059f194e4b0c8380cd4ad04","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Lovley, Derek R.","contributorId":107852,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lovley","given":"Derek","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374840,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Phillips, Elizabeth J.P.","contributorId":37475,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Phillips","given":"Elizabeth","middleInitial":"J.P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374839,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70017238,"text":"70017238 - 1992 - Simultaneous parameter estimation and contaminant source characterization for coupled groundwater flow and contaminant transport modelling","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-03-06T16:52:31.022035","indexId":"70017238","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2342,"text":"Journal of Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Simultaneous parameter estimation and contaminant source characterization for coupled groundwater flow and contaminant transport modelling","docAbstract":"<p><span>Parameter estimation and contaminant source characterization are key steps in the development of a coupled groundwater flow and contaminant transport simulation model. Here a methodologyfor simultaneous model parameter estimation and source characterization is presented. The parameter estimation/source characterization inverse model combines groundwater flow and contaminant transport simulation with non-linear maximum likelihood estimation to determine optimal estimates of the unknown model parameters and source characteristics based on measurements of hydraulic head and contaminant concentration. First-order uncertainty analysis provides a means for assessing the reliability of the maximum likelihood estimates and evaluating the accuracy and reliability of the flow and transport model predictions. A series of hypothetical examples is presented to demonstrate the ability of the inverse model to solve the combined parameter estimation/source characterization inverse problem. Hydraulic conductivities, effective porosity, longitudinal and transverse dispersivities, boundary flux, and contaminant flux at the source are estimated for a two-dimensional groundwater system. In addition, characterization of the history of contaminant disposal or location of the contaminant source is demonstrated. Finally, the problem of estimating the statistical parameters that describe the errors associated with the head and concentration data is addressed. A stage-wise estimation procedure is used to jointly estimate these statistical parameters along with the unknown model parameters and source characteristics.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0022-1694(92)90092-A","issn":"00221694","usgsCitation":"Wagner, B., 1992, Simultaneous parameter estimation and contaminant source characterization for coupled groundwater flow and contaminant transport modelling: Journal of Hydrology, v. 135, no. 1-4, p. 275-303, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(92)90092-A.","productDescription":"29 p.","startPage":"275","endPage":"303","numberOfPages":"29","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":224829,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"135","issue":"1-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505b90d5e4b08c986b319698","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wagner, B.J.","contributorId":18012,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wagner","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375854,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016740,"text":"70016740 - 1992 - Modeling transport in transient ground-water flow: An unacknowledged approximation","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-11T11:22:01","indexId":"70016740","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Modeling transport in transient ground-water flow: An unacknowledged approximation","docAbstract":"During unsteady or transient ground-water flow, the fluid mass per unit volume of aquifer changes as the potentiometric head changes, and solute transport is affected by this change in fluid storage. Three widely applied numerical models of two-dimensional transport partially account for the effects of transient flow by removing terms corresponding to the fluid continuity equation from the transport equation, resulting in a simpler governing equation. However, fluid-storage terms remaining in the transport equation that change during transient flow are, in certain cases, held constant in time in these models. For the case of increasing heads, this approximation, which is unacknowledged in these models' documentation, leads to transport velocities that are too high, and increased concentration at fluid and solute sources. If heads are dropping in time, computed transport velocities are too low. Using parameters that somewhat exaggerate the effects of this approximation, an example numerical simulation indicates solute travel time error of about 14 percent but only minor errors due to incorrect dilution volume. For horizontal flow and transport models that assume fluid density is constant, the product of porosity and aquifer thickness changes in time: initial porosity times initial thickness plus the change in head times the storage coefficient. This formula reduces to the saturated thickness in unconfined aquifers if porosity is assumed to be constant and equal to specific yield. The computational cost of this more accurate representation is insignificant and is easily incorporated in numerical models of solute transport.","language":"English","publisher":"NGWA","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1992.tb01798.x","issn":"0017467X","usgsCitation":"Goode, D., 1992, Modeling transport in transient ground-water flow: An unacknowledged approximation: Ground Water, v. 30, no. 2, p. 257-261, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1992.tb01798.x.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"257","endPage":"261","costCenters":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":224507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"30","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2005-08-04","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a5c58e4b0c8380cd6fc00","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Goode, Daniel J. 0000-0002-8527-2456 djgoode@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-2456","contributorId":2433,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Goode","given":"Daniel J.","email":"djgoode@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":532,"text":"Pennsylvania Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":374369,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017046,"text":"70017046 - 1992 - Determination of subsurface fluid contents at a crude-oil spill site","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-14T06:47:46","indexId":"70017046","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2233,"text":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Determination of subsurface fluid contents at a crude-oil spill site","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"ab1\" class=\"abstract author\" lang=\"en\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id4\"><p>Measurement of the fluid-content distribution at sites contaminated by immiscible fluids, including crude oil, is needed to better understand the movement of these fluids in the subsurface and to provide data to calibrate and verify numerical models and geophysical methods. A laboratory method was used to quantify the fluid contents of 146 core sections retrieved from boreholes aligned along a 120-m longitudinal transect at a crude-oil spill site near Bemidji, Minnesota, U.S.A. The 47-mm-diameter, minimally disturbed cores spanned a 4-m vertical interval contaminated by oil. Cores were frozen on site in a dry ice-alcohol bath to prevent redistribution and loss of fluids while sectioning the cores. We gravimetrically determined oil and water contents using a two-step method: (1) samples were slurried and the oil was removed by absorption onto strips of hydrophobic porous polyethylene (PPE); and (2) the samples were oven-dried to remove the water. The resulting data show sharp vertical gradients in the water and oil contents and a clearly defined oil body. The subsurface distribution is complex and appears to be influenced by sediment heterogeneities and water-table fluctuations. The center of the oil body has depressed the water-saturated zone boundary, and the oil is migrating laterally within the capillary fringe. The oil contents are as high as 0.3cm<sup>3</sup>cm<sup>−3</sup>, which indicates that oil is probably still mobile 10 years after the spill occurred. The thickness of oil measured in wells suggests that accumulated thickness in wells is a poor indicator of the actual distribution of oil in the subsurface. Several possible sources of error are identified with the field and laboratory methods. An error analysis indicates that adsorption of water and sediment into the PPE adds as much as 4% to the measured oil masses and that uncertainties in the calculated sample volume and the assumed oil density introduce an additional ±3% error when the masses are converted to fluid contents.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0169-7722(92)90044-F","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Hess, K., Herkelrath, W., and Essaid, H., 1992, Determination of subsurface fluid contents at a crude-oil spill site: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 10, no. 1, p. 75-96, https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7722(92)90044-F.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"75","endPage":"96","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":205497,"rank":9999,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-7722(92)90044-F"},{"id":224524,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"10","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ffcce4b0c8380cd4f3dc","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hess, K.M.","contributorId":39415,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hess","given":"K.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375239,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Herkelrath, W.N.","contributorId":77981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herkelrath","given":"W.N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375240,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Essaid, H.I.","contributorId":22342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Essaid","given":"H.I.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375238,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70017036,"text":"70017036 - 1992 - Isolation of hydrophilic organic acids from water using nonionic macroporous resins","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-14T05:42:32","indexId":"70017036","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2958,"text":"Organic Geochemistry","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Isolation of hydrophilic organic acids from water using nonionic macroporous resins","docAbstract":"<div id=\"abstracts\" class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-id5\" class=\"abstract author\"><div id=\"aep-abstract-sec-id6\"><p>A method has been developed for the isolation of hydrophilic organic acids from aquatic environments using Amberlite<a class=\"workspace-trigger\" name=\"bFN1\" href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/014663809290119I?via%3Dihub#FN1\" data-mce-href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/014663809290119I?via%3Dihub#FN1\"><sup>∗</sup></a><span>&nbsp;</span>XAD-4 resin. The method uses a two column array of XAD-8 and XAD-4 resins in series. The hydrophobic organic acids, composed primarily of aquatic fulvic acid, are removed from the sample on XAD-8, followed by the isolation of the more hydrophilic organic acids on XAD-4. For samples from a number of diverse environments, more of the dissolved organic carbon was isolated on the XAD-8 resin (23–58%) than on the XAD-4 resin (7–25%). For these samples, the hydrophilic acids have lower carbon and hydrogen contents, higher oxygen and nitrogen contents, and are lower in molecular weight than the corresponding fulvic acids.<span>&nbsp;</span><sup>13</sup>C NMR analyses indicate that the hydrophilic acids have a lower concentration of aromatic carbon and greater heteroaliphatic, ketone and carboxyl content than the fulvic acid.</p></div></div></div>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0146-6380(92)90119-I","issn":"01466380","usgsCitation":"Aiken, G., McKnight, D.M., Thorn, K.A., and Thurman, E., 1992, Isolation of hydrophilic organic acids from water using nonionic macroporous resins: Organic Geochemistry, v. 18, no. 4, p. 567-573, https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6380(92)90119-I.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"567","endPage":"573","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225047,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"18","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a3f52e4b0c8380cd6443f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Aiken, G. R. 0000-0001-8454-0984","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8454-0984","contributorId":14452,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Aiken","given":"G. R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375209,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"McKnight, Diane M.","contributorId":59773,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"Diane","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":16833,"text":"INSTAAR, University of Colorado","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":375211,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Thorn, K. A.","contributorId":33294,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thorn","given":"K.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375210,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375212,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}}
,{"id":70017213,"text":"70017213 - 1992 - Associations of free-living bacteria and dissolved organic compounds in a plume of contaminated groundwater","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:53","indexId":"70017213","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Associations of free-living bacteria and dissolved organic compounds in a plume of contaminated groundwater","docAbstract":"Associations of free-living bacteria (FLB) and dissolved organic contaminants in a 4-km-long plume of sewage-contaminated groundwater were investigated. Abundance of FLB in the core of the plume (as delineated by maximum specific conductance) steadily decreased in the direction of flow from a point 0.25 km downgradient from the source to the toe of the plume. At 0.25 km downgradient, FLB comprised up to 31% of the total bacterial population, but constituted < 7% of the population at 2 km downgradient. Abundance of FLB correlated strongly (r = 0.80 n = 23) with total dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in contaminated groundwater between 0.64 and 2.1 km downgradient, although distributions of individual contaminants such as di-, tri- and tetrachloroethene were highly variable, and their association with FLB less clear. Numbers of FLB in the downgradient portion of the plume which is contaminated with branched-chain alkylbenzenesulfonate (ABS) surfactants were low (< 5??108/L) in spite of relatively high levels of DOC (up to 4 mg/L). However, abundance of FLB correlated strongly with non-surfactant DOC along vertical transects through the plume. The ratio of FLB to DOC and the ratio of FLB to attached bacteria generally decreased in the direction of flow and, consequently, with the age of the organic contaminants.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","conferenceTitle":"Pacifichem '89","conferenceDate":"17 December 1989 through 22 December 1989","conferenceLocation":"Honolulu, HI, USA","language":"English","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Harvey, R., and Barber, L., 1992, Associations of free-living bacteria and dissolved organic compounds in a plume of contaminated groundwater, <i>in</i> Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 9, no. 1-2, Honolulu, HI, USA, 17 December 1989 through 22 December 1989, p. 91-103.","startPage":"91","endPage":"103","numberOfPages":"13","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225057,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059ee95e4b0c8380cd49e41","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McCalady Donald L.","contributorId":128410,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"McCalady Donald L.","id":536359,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Harvey, R.W. 0000-0002-2791-8503","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2791-8503","contributorId":11757,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Harvey","given":"R.W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375762,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Barber, L.B. II","contributorId":6097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.B.","suffix":"II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375761,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":44800,"text":"wri904119 - 1992 - Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 5: Quality of freshwater in aquifers of Louisiana, 1988","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-04-17T19:25:44.1667","indexId":"wri904119","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"90-4119","title":"Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 5: Quality of freshwater in aquifers of Louisiana, 1988","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri904119","usgsCitation":"Tomaszewski, D.J., 1992, Louisiana hydrologic atlas map no. 5: Quality of freshwater in aquifers of Louisiana, 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4119, 1 Plate: 27.00 x 24.80 inches, https://doi.org/10.3133/wri904119.","productDescription":"1 Plate: 27.00 x 24.80 inches","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":415865,"rank":3,"type":{"id":36,"text":"NGMDB Index Page"},"url":"https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/Prodesc/proddesc_49238.htm","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}},{"id":82134,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4119/report.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":167996,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/1990/4119/report-thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -94.0456,\n              33.0203\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.0456,\n              29\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.5,\n              29\n            ],\n            [\n              -89.5,\n              33.0203\n            ],\n            [\n              -94.0456,\n              33.0203\n            ]\n          ]\n        ],\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a6fe4b07f02db640a37","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tomaszewski, Dan J.","contributorId":95544,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tomaszewski","given":"Dan","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":230461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70017214,"text":"70017214 - 1992 - Synthetic organic agrochemicals in the lower Mississippi River and its major tributaries: Distribution, transport and fate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:53","indexId":"70017214","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Synthetic organic agrochemicals in the lower Mississippi River and its major tributaries: Distribution, transport and fate","docAbstract":"The Mississippi River and its major tributaries transport herbicides and their degradation products from agricultural areas in the mid-western U.S.A. These compounds include atrazine and its degradation products (desethyl- and desisopropylatrazine), simazine, cyanazine, metolachlor, and alachlor and its degradation products (2-chloro-2',6'-diethylacetanilide, 2-hydroxy-2',6'-diethylacetanilide and 2,6-diethylaniline). These compounds were identified and confirmed by gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry. Loads of these compounds were determined during five sampling trips in 1987-1989. Stream loads of these compounds indicated that atrazine and metolachlor were relatively conservative in downstream transport. Alachlor and its degradation products were generated from point and non-point sources. Seasonal variations and hydrologic conditions controlled the loads of these compounds in the Mississippi River. Cross-channel mixing was slow downstream from major river confluences, possibly requiring several hundred kilometers of downriver transit for completion. The annual transport of these compounds into the Gulf of Mexico was estimated to be < 2% of the annual application of each herbicide in the Midwest.The Mississippi River and its major tributaries transport herbicides and their degradation products from agricultural areas in the mid-western U.S.A. These compounds include atrazine and its degradation products (desethyl- and desisopropylatrazine), simazine, cyanazine, metolachlor, and alachlor and its degradation products (2-chloro-2???,6???-diethylacetanilide, 2-hydroxy-2???,6???-diethylacetanilide and 2,6-diethylaniline). These compounds were identified and confirmed by gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry. Loads of these compounds were determined during five sampling trips in 1987-1989. Stream loads of these compounds indicated that atrazine and metolachlor were relatively conservative in downstream transport. Alachlor and its degradation products were generated from point and non-point sources. Seasonal variations and hydrologic conditions controlled the loads of these compounds in the Mississippi River. Cross-channel mixing was slow downstream from major river confluences, possibly requiring several hundred kilometers of downriver transit for completion. The annual transport of these compounds into the Gulf of Mexico was estimated to be <2% of the annual application of each herbicide in the Midwest.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","conferenceTitle":"Pacifichem '89","conferenceDate":"17 December 1989 through 22 December 1989","conferenceLocation":"Honolulu, HI, USA","language":"English","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Pereira, W.E., Rostad, C., and Leiker, T., 1992, Synthetic organic agrochemicals in the lower Mississippi River and its major tributaries: Distribution, transport and fate, <i>in</i> Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 9, no. 1-2, Honolulu, HI, USA, 17 December 1989 through 22 December 1989, p. 175-188.","startPage":"175","endPage":"188","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225058,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba35fe4b08c986b31fc9e","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McCalady Donald L.","contributorId":128410,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"McCalady Donald L.","id":536360,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Pereira, W. E.","contributorId":46981,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"W.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375763,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Rostad, C.E.","contributorId":50939,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rostad","given":"C.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375764,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Leiker, T.J.","contributorId":96719,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Leiker","given":"T.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":375765,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":26300,"text":"wri924018 - 1992 - Hydrology of the Cave Springs area near Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-06T19:36:13.528626","indexId":"wri924018","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":342,"text":"Water-Resources Investigations Report","code":"WRI","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"92-4018","title":"Hydrology of the Cave Springs area near Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee","docAbstract":"<p>The hydrology of Cave Springs, the second largest spring in East Tennessee was investigated from July 1987 to September 1989. Wells near the spring supply about 5 million gallons per day of potable water to people in Hamilton County near Chattanooga. Discharge from the spring averaged about 13.5 cubic feet per second (8.72 million gallons per day) during the study period. Withdrawals by the Hixson Utility District from wells upgradient from the outflow averaged 8.6 cubic feet per second (5.54 million gallons per day). Aquifer tests using wells intersecting a large solution cavity supplying water to the spring showed a drawdown of less than 3 feet with a discharge of 9,000 gallons per minute or 20 cubic feet per second. </p><p>Temperature and specific conductance of ground water near the spring outflow were monitored hourly. Temperatures ranged from 13.5 to 18.2 degrees celsius, and fluctuated seasonally in response to climate. Specific-conductance values ranged from 122 to 405 microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius, but were generally between 163 to 185 microsiemens per centimeter. </p><p>The drainage area of the basin recharging the spring system was estimated to be 1O square miles. A potentiometric map of the recharge basin was developed from water levels measured at domestic and test wells in August 1989. Aquifer tests at five test wells in the study area indicated that specific-capacity values for these wells ranged from 4.1 to 261 gallons per minute per foot of drawdown. Water-quality characteristics of ground water in the area were used in conjunction with potentiometric-surface maps to delineate the approximate area contributing recharge to Cave Springs.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/wri924018","collaboration":"Prepared in cooperation with the Hixson Utility District","usgsCitation":"Bradfield, A.D., 1992, Hydrology of the Cave Springs area near Chattanooga, Hamilton County, Tennessee: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 92-4018, iv, 28 p. :ill., maps ;28 cm., https://doi.org/10.3133/wri924018.","productDescription":"iv, 28 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":502216,"rank":3,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri92-4018/pdf/wrir_92-4018_a.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}},{"id":122969,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/wri_92_4018.jpg"},{"id":1998,"rank":2,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/wri/wri92-4018/index.html","linkFileType":{"id":5,"text":"html"}}],"country":"United States","state":"Tennessee","county":"Hamilton County","otherGeospatial":"Cave Springs","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a13e4b07f02db601f5b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bradfield, Arthur D.","contributorId":88383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bradfield","given":"Arthur","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":196137,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
,{"id":70016728,"text":"70016728 - 1992 - Geochemical heterogeneity in a sand and gravel aquifer: Effect of sediment mineralogy and particle size on the sorption of chlorobenzenes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:48","indexId":"70016728","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Geochemical heterogeneity in a sand and gravel aquifer: Effect of sediment mineralogy and particle size on the sorption of chlorobenzenes","docAbstract":"The effect of particle size, mineralogy and sediment organic carbon (SOC) on solution of tetrachlorobenzene and pentachlorobenzene was evaluated using batch-isotherm experiments on sediment particle-size and mineralogical fractions from a sand and gravel aquifer, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Concentration of SOC and sorption of chlorobenzenes increase with decreasing particle size. For a given particle size, the magnetic fraction has a higher SOC content and sorption capacity than the bulk or non-magnetic fractions. Sorption appears to be controlled by the magnetic minerals, which comprise only 5-25% of the bulk sediment. Although SOC content of the bulk sediment is < 0.1%, the observed sorption of chlorobenzenes is consistent with a partition mechanism and is adequately predicted by models relating sorption to the octanol/water partition coefficient of the solute and SOC content. A conceptual model based on preferential association of dissolved organic matter with positively-charged mineral surfaces is proposed to describe micro-scale, intergranular variability in sorption properties of the aquifer sediments.The effect of particle size, mineralogy and sediment organic carbon (SOC) on sorption of tetrachlorobenzene and pentachlorobenzene was evaluated using batch-isotherm experiments on sediment particle-size and mineralogical fractions from a sand and gravel aquifer, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Concentration of SOC and sorption of chlorobenzenes increase with decreasing particle size. For a given particle size, the magnetic fraction has a higher SOC content and sorption capacity than the bulk or non-magnetic fractions. Sorption appears to be controlled by the magnetic minerals, which comprise only 5-25% of the bulk sediment. Although SOC content of the bulk sediment is <0.1%, the observed sorption of chlorobenzenes is consistent with a partition mechanism and is adequately predicted by models relating sorption to the octanol/water partition coefficient of the solute and SOC content. A conceptual model based on preferential association of dissolved organic matter with positively-charged mineral surfaces is proposed to describe micro-scale, intergranular variability in sorption properties of the aquifer sediments.","largerWorkTitle":"Journal of Contaminant Hydrology","conferenceTitle":"Pacifichem '89","conferenceDate":"17 December 1989 through 22 December 1989","conferenceLocation":"Honolulu, HI, USA","language":"English","issn":"01697722","usgsCitation":"Barber, L., Thurman, E., and Runnells, D., 1992, Geochemical heterogeneity in a sand and gravel aquifer: Effect of sediment mineralogy and particle size on the sorption of chlorobenzenes, <i>in</i> Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 9, no. 1-2, Honolulu, HI, USA, 17 December 1989 through 22 December 1989, p. 35-54.","startPage":"35","endPage":"54","numberOfPages":"20","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225125,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"9","issue":"1-2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a1640e4b0c8380cd550e7","contributors":{"editors":[{"text":"McCalady Donald L.","contributorId":128410,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"McCalady Donald L.","id":536343,"contributorType":{"id":2,"text":"Editors"},"rank":1}],"authors":[{"text":"Barber, L.B. II","contributorId":6097,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Barber","given":"L.B.","suffix":"II","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374331,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Thurman, E.M.","contributorId":102864,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Thurman","given":"E.M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374332,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Runnells, D.R.","contributorId":105061,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Runnells","given":"D.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":374333,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70175231,"text":"70175231 - 1992 - Bioaccumulation of hydrocarbons derived from terrestrial and anthropogenic sources in the Asian clam, <i>Potamocorbula amurensis</i>, in San Francisco Bay estuary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-19T09:38:08","indexId":"70175231","displayToPublicDate":"1992-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2676,"text":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Bioaccumulation of hydrocarbons derived from terrestrial and anthropogenic sources in the Asian clam, <i>Potamocorbula amurensis</i>, in San Francisco Bay estuary","docAbstract":"<p><span>An assessment was made in Suisun Bay, California, of the distributions of hydrocarbons in estuarine bed and suspended sediments and in the recently introduced asian clam,&nbsp;</span><i>Potamocorbula amurensis</i><span>. Sediments and clams were contaminated with hydrocarbons derived from petrogenic and pyrogenic sources. Distributions of alkanes and of hopane and sterane biomarkers in sediments and clams were similar, indicating that petroleum hydrocarbons associated with sediments are bioavailable to&nbsp;</span><i>Potamocorbula amurensis</i><span>. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the sediments and clams were derived mainly from combustion sources.&nbsp;</span><i>Potamocorbula amurensis</i><span>&nbsp;is therefore a useful bioindicator of hydrocarbon contamination, and may be used as a biomonitor of hydrocarbon pollution in San Francisco Bay.</span></p>","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0025-326X(92)90738-R","usgsCitation":"Pereira, W.E., Hostettler, F.D., and Rapp, J., 1992, Bioaccumulation of hydrocarbons derived from terrestrial and anthropogenic sources in the Asian clam, <i>Potamocorbula amurensis</i>, in San Francisco Bay estuary: Marine Pollution Bulletin, v. 24, no. 2, p. 103-109, https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-326X(92)90738-R.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"103","endPage":"109","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":552,"text":"San Francisco Bay-Delta","active":false,"usgs":true},{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":325999,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"San Francisco Bay ","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -122.13706970214844,\n              37.40725549559874\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.91322326660156,\n              37.40725549559874\n            ],\n            [\n              -121.91322326660156,\n              37.52225246712464\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.13706970214844,\n              37.52225246712464\n            ],\n            [\n              -122.13706970214844,\n              37.40725549559874\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","volume":"24","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57a1c42de4b006cb45552bf5","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Pereira, Wilfred E.","contributorId":95552,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Pereira","given":"Wilfred","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hostettler, Frances D. fdhostet@usgs.gov","contributorId":3383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostettler","given":"Frances","email":"fdhostet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":644443,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rapp, John B.","contributorId":32028,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rapp","given":"John B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":644444,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70185788,"text":"70185788 - 1992 - Discussion of \"Aeration at Ohio River basin navigation dams\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-03-19T07:51:45","indexId":"70185788","displayToPublicDate":"1990-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1992","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2255,"text":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discussion of \"Aeration at Ohio River basin navigation dams\"","docAbstract":"<p>No abstract available.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1992)118:3(444)","usgsCitation":"Gulliver, J.S., and Wilhelms, S.C., 1992, Discussion of \"Aeration at Ohio River basin navigation dams\": Journal of Environmental Engineering, v. 118, no. 3, p. 446-447, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1992)118:3(444).","productDescription":"2 p. ","startPage":"446","endPage":"447","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338529,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"118","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc81fe4b02ff32c685728","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Gulliver, John S.","contributorId":190002,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Gulliver","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686746,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wilhelms, Steven C.","contributorId":190003,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wilhelms","given":"Steven","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":686747,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}}
,{"id":70179036,"text":"70179036 - 1991 - Hydrology of Heber and Round Valleys, Wasatch County, Utah, with emphasis on simulation of ground-water flow in Heber Valley","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-13T17:40:38","indexId":"70179036","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"101","title":"Hydrology of Heber and Round Valleys, Wasatch County, Utah, with emphasis on simulation of ground-water flow in Heber Valley","docAbstract":"<p>An investigation of the hydrologic system in Heber and Round Valleys was conducted to improve understanding of the surface-water and ground-water hydrology and the effects caused by changes in recharge. &nbsp;Ground water is present in consolidated rocks and in unconsolidated valley-fill deposits, but the principal ground-water reservoir is in the unconsolidated valley-fill deposits.</p><p>Recharge to the unconsolidated valley-fill deposits in Heber Valley from unconsumed irrigation water, stream infiltration, subsurface inflow from consolidated rocks, and precipitation is estimated to be 154 cubic feet per second. &nbsp;Discharge is by leakage to Deer Creek Reservoir, by springs and seeps, by seepage to the Provo River and other streams, by evapotranspiration, and by pumping from wells.</p><p>Recharge to the unconsolidated valley-fill deposits in Round Valley from stream infiltration, precipitation, unconsumed irrigation water and subsurface inflow from consolidated rocks is estimated to be 11 cubic feet per second. &nbsp;Discharge is by springs and seeps, by evapotranspiration, and by pumping from wells.</p><p>Seasonal water-level fluctuations of up to 30 feet occur primarily because of changes in recharge from unconsumed irrigation water.&nbsp; Water levels generally are highest during June or July when recharge from irrigation is at a maximum and lowest during the winter when irrigation is absent and recharge is at a minimum. &nbsp;Water levels in wells near Deer Creek Reservoir respond to changes in the reservoir level.</p><p>A modular, three-dimensional, finite-difference ground-water flow model developed by McDonald and Harbaugh (1988) was used to simulate the hydrologic system in the unconsolidated valley-fill deposits of Heber Valley. &nbsp;Model simulations indicate that decreased recharge to the unconsolidated valley-fill deposits causes a decrease in discharge to springs and seeps, streams, and leakage to Deer Creek Reservoir. &nbsp;Future decreases in ground-water recharge caused by changing from flood- to sprinkler-irrigation methods will cause future decreases in ground-water discharge that will be offset to some extent by increased surface-water flows.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared by the United States Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Division of Water Resources, Utah Division of Water Rights, Wasatch County, Wasatch County Water Users Association, and Central Utah Water Conservancy District","usgsCitation":"Roark, D., Holmes, W.F., and Shlosar, H.K., 1991, Hydrology of Heber and Round Valleys, Wasatch County, Utah, with emphasis on simulation of ground-water flow in Heber Valley: Technical Publication 101, vi, 93 p.","productDescription":"vi, 93 p.","numberOfPages":"101","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332088,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-6-500"},{"id":332089,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docSys/v920/y920/y9200009.pdf"},{"id":332090,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Wasatch County","otherGeospatial":"Heber Valley, Round Valley","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -111.56341552734375,\n              40.31199603742692\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.56341552734375,\n              40.58684239087908\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.1651611328125,\n              40.58684239087908\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.1651611328125,\n              40.31199603742692\n            ],\n            [\n              -111.56341552734375,\n              40.31199603742692\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585116bde4b08138bf1abd60","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Roark, D. Michael mroark@usgs.gov","contributorId":2821,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roark","given":"D. Michael","email":"mroark@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":472,"text":"New Mexico Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":655845,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holmes, Walter F.","contributorId":31737,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holmes","given":"Walter","email":"","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655846,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Shlosar, Heidi K.","contributorId":177450,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shlosar","given":"Heidi","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655847,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}}
,{"id":70179029,"text":"70179029 - 1991 - Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Sevier Lake area, west-central Utah","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-12-13T15:05:51","indexId":"70179029","displayToPublicDate":"2016-11-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1991","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":4,"text":"Other Government Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":294,"text":"Technical Publication","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":4}},"seriesNumber":"96","title":"Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Sevier Lake area, west-central Utah","docAbstract":"<p>The hydrologic system of the Sevier Lake area, at the terminus of the Sevier Lake drainage basin in west-central Utah, was studied during 1987-88 to determine baseline hydrologic conditions prior to anticipated development. &nbsp;Sevier Lake was reestablished during 1983-87 on the normally dry playa as a result of record volumes of surface-water runoff, but the lake was receding during the study. &nbsp;In June 1985, the lake reached a maximum depth of about 13 feet, with a water-surface altitude of 4,527 feet above sea level.</p><p>The basin-fill aquifer includes a coarse-grained facies at higher altitudes of the alluvial slopes, and a fine-grained facies at lower altitudes around Sevier Lake. &nbsp;Water levels indicate a potential for lateral groundwater movement away from the lake and toward the northwest, west, and south.</p><p>Transmissivity of the coarse-grained facies, determined from one well, was 4,120 feet squared per day. Transmissivity values for the fine-grained facies ranged from 1 X 10<sup>-3</sup> to 5 X 10<sup>-2</sup> foot squared per day, determined from slug tests of shallow wells near the shoreline of the lake, and 5.2 feet squared per day determined from a well in the lakebed.</p><p>The predominant constituents of water sampled in the Sevier Lake area are sodium, sulfate, and chloride. The concentration of dissolved solids ranges from 480 to 120,000 milligrams per liter. Smaller concentrations of dissolved solids were determined for water from wells completed in the coarse-grained facies, and larger concentrations were determined for water from wells completed in the fine-grained facies.</p>","language":"English","publisher":"Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights","publisherLocation":"Salt Lake City, UT","collaboration":"Prepared by the United State Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources Division of Water Rights","usgsCitation":"Wilberg, D.E., 1991, Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Sevier Lake area, west-central Utah: Technical Publication 96, vi, 51 p.","productDescription":"vi, 51 p.","numberOfPages":"60","costCenters":[{"id":610,"text":"Utah Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":332068,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":332067,"rank":2,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://waterrights.utah.gov/docSys/v920/y920/y9200004.pdf"},{"id":332066,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://www.waterrights.utah.gov/cgi-bin/libview.exe?Modinfo=Viewpub&LIBNUM=20-6-400"}],"country":"United States","state":"Utah","county":"Millard County","otherGeospatial":"Sevier Lake Basin","geographicExtents":"{\n  \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n  \"features\": [\n    {\n      \"type\": \"Feature\",\n      \"properties\": {},\n      \"geometry\": {\n        \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n        \"coordinates\": [\n          [\n            [\n              -113.1976318359375,\n              38.54816542304656\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.0328369140625,\n              38.76693348394693\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.9229736328125,\n              39.07464374293251\n            ],\n            [\n              -112.950439453125,\n              39.26203141523749\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.280029296875,\n              39.431950321168635\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.433837890625,\n              39.232253141714885\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.45581054687499,\n              38.93377552819722\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.4613037109375,\n              38.698372305893294\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.3294677734375,\n              38.46219172306828\n            ],\n            [\n              -113.1976318359375,\n              38.54816542304656\n            ]\n          ]\n        ]\n      }\n    }\n  ]\n}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"585116bde4b08138bf1abd62","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wilberg, Dale E.","contributorId":101275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wilberg","given":"Dale","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":655823,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}}
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