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","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Agency for International Development","usgsCitation":"Tappan, G.G., Loveland, T., Orr, D.G., Moore, D.G., Howard, S.M., and Tyler, D.J., 1988, Pilot project for seasonal vegetation monitoring in support of grasshopper and locust control in West Africa: Technical Report, vi, 39 p.","productDescription":"vi, 39 p.","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":407069,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":407068,"rank":1,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PDBBL626.pdf","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"}}],"country":"Chad, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, the Gambia","geographicExtents":"{\"type\":\"FeatureCollection\",\"features\":[{\"type\":\"Feature\",\"geometry\":{\"type\":\"MultiPolygon\",\"coordinates\":[[[[-16.71373,13.59496],[-17.12611,14.37352],[-17.62504,14.72954],[-17.18517,14.91948],[-16.70071,15.62153],[-16.4631,16.13504],[-16.54971,16.67389],[-16.27055,17.16696],[-16.14635,18.10848],[-16.25688,19.09672],[-16.37765,19.59382],[-16.27784,20.09252],[-16.53632,20.56787],[-17.06342,20.99975],[-16.84519,21.33332],[-12.9291,21.32707],[-13.11875,22.77122],[-12.87422,23.28483],[-11.93722,23.37459],[-11.96942,25.93335],[-8.68729,25.88106],[-8.6844,27.39574],[-4.92334,24.97457],[-6.45379,24.95659],[-5.97113,20.64083],[-5.48852,16.3251],[-5.31528,16.20185],[-5.53774,15.50169],[-9.55024,15.4865],[-9.70026,15.26411],[-10.08685,15.33049],[-10.65079,15.13275],[-11.3491,15.41126],[-11.66608,15.38821],[-11.83421,14.7991],[-12.17075,14.61683],[-12.12489,13.99473],[-11.92772,13.42208],[-11.5534,13.14121],[-11.4679,12.75452],[-11.51394,12.44299],[-11.6583,12.38658],[-12.20356,12.46565],[-12.2786,12.35444],[-12.49905,12.33209],[-13.21782,12.57587],[-13.70048,12.58618],[-15.54848,12.62817],[-15.81657,12.51557],[-16.14772,12.54776],[-16.67745,12.38485],[-16.84152,13.15139],[-16.71373,13.59496]]],[[[14.8513,22.86295],[15.86085,23.40972],[19.84926,21.49509],[23.83766,19.58047],[23.88689,15.61084],[23.02459,15.68072],[22.56795,14.94429],[22.30351,14.32682],[22.51202,14.09318],[22.18329,13.78648],[22.29658,13.37232],[22.03759,12.95546],[21.93681,12.58818],[22.28801,12.64605],[22.49762,12.26024],[22.50869,11.67936],[22.87622,11.38461],[22.86417,11.1424],[22.23113,10.97189],[21.72382,10.56706],[21.00087,9.47599],[20.05969,9.01271],[19.09401,9.07485],[18.81201,8.98291],[18.91102,8.63089],[18.38955,8.2813],[17.96493,7.89091],[16.70599,7.50833],[16.45618,7.73477],[16.29056,7.75431],[16.10623,7.49709],[15.27946,7.42192],[15.43609,7.69281],[15.12087,8.38215],[14.98,8.7961],[14.54447,8.96586],[13.95422,9.54949],[14.17147,10.02138],[14.6272,9.92092],[14.90935,9.99213],[15.46787,9.98234],[14.92356,10.89133],[14.96015,11.55557],[14.89336,12.21905],[14.49579,12.8594],[14.21353,12.80204],[14.18134,12.48366],[13.99535,12.46157],[13.3187,13.55636],[13.08399,13.59615],[12.30207,13.03719],[11.5278,13.32898],[10.98959,13.38732],[10.70103,13.24692],[10.11481,13.27725],[9.52493,12.8511],[9.01493,12.82666],[7.80467,13.34353],[7.33075,13.09804],[6.82044,13.11509],[6.44543,13.49277],[5.44306,13.86592],[4.36834,13.74748],[4.10795,13.53122],[3.96728,12.95611],[3.68063,12.5529],[3.61118,11.66017],[2.84864,12.23564],[2.49016,12.23305],[2.15447,11.94015],[2.17711,12.62502],[1.0241,12.85183],[0.99305,13.33575],[0.42993,13.98873],[0.29565,14.44423],[0.37489,14.92891],[1.01578,14.96818],[1.38553,15.32356],[2.74999,15.40952],[3.63826,15.56812],[3.72342,16.18428],[4.27021,16.85223],[4.26742,19.15527],[5.67757,19.60121],[8.57289,21.56566],[11.99951,23.47167],[13.58142,23.04051],[14.14387,22.49129],[14.8513,22.86295]]]]},\"properties\":{\"name\":\"Senegal\"}}]}","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tappan, G. Gray 0000-0002-2240-6963 tappan@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2240-6963","contributorId":3624,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tappan","given":"G.","email":"tappan@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"Gray","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852401,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Loveland, Thomas 0000-0003-3114-6646 loveland@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-6646","contributorId":140611,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Loveland","given":"Thomas","email":"loveland@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852402,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Orr, Donald G.","contributorId":6454,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Orr","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852403,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Moore, D. G.","contributorId":7285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852404,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Howard, S. M.","contributorId":39153,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Howard","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":852405,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Tyler, Dean J. 0000-0002-1542-7539 dtyler@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1542-7539","contributorId":177897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tyler","given":"Dean","email":"dtyler@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":223,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center (Geography)","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":852406,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70202821,"text":"70202821 - 1988 - Use of GIS technologies in addressing resource management problems in Mobile Bay, Alabama","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-11-18T09:24:11","indexId":"70202821","displayToPublicDate":"1988-05-01T10:25:28","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Use of GIS technologies in addressing resource management problems in Mobile Bay, Alabama","docAbstract":"Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technologies are being used in three neutral resource management studies of Mobile Bay, AL. Each study is briefly discussed. In the first, the GIS was used to analyze wetland habitat changes in the bay over a 25-year period. In the second, cartographic modeling techniques are being used to assess the potential impacts of contaminated sediments on selected resources in the bay. In the third, the GIS is part of a landscape level analysis of cumulative impacts in the bay. GIS applications can provide a spatial dimension to ecological problem-solving and a powerful tool for environmental planning and decisionmaking.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Fifth National Moss Users Workshop","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Fifth National Moss Users Workshop","conferenceDate":"May 2-5, 1988","conferenceLocation":"Baton Rouge, Louisiana","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Watzin, M.C., Roscigno, P., Scurry, J., and Roach, E.R., 1988, Use of GIS technologies in addressing resource management problems in Mobile Bay, Alabama, in Proceedings of the Fifth National Moss Users Workshop, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, May 2-5, 1988, p. 149-157.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"149","endPage":"157","costCenters":[{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":362375,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alabama","otherGeospatial":"Mobile Bay","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Watzin, Mary C.","contributorId":214534,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Watzin","given":"Mary","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Roscigno, P.F.","contributorId":67628,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Roscigno","given":"P.F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Scurry, James D.","contributorId":214536,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Scurry","given":"James D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Roach, E. Randy","contributorId":214537,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Roach","given":"E.","email":"","middleInitial":"Randy","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":760147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70185537,"text":"70185537 - 1988 - Arsenic in ground water of the Western United States","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-10-17T15:24:34.439165","indexId":"70185537","displayToPublicDate":"1988-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3825,"text":"Groundwater","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Arsenic in ground water of the Western United States","docAbstract":"Natural occurrences of ground water with moderate (10 to 50 micrograms per liter) to high (greater than 50 micrograms per liter) concentrations of arsenic are common throughout much of the Western United States. High concentrations of arsenic are generally associated with one of four geochemical environments: (1) basin-fill deposits of alluvial-lacustrine origin, particularly in semiarid areas, (2) volcanic deposits, (3) geothermal systems, and (4) uranium and gold-mining areas. These findings are based on an extensive literature review, compilation of unpublished reports and data, and the review of data bases containing more than 7,000 analyses of ground-water samples for arsenic. In the first two environments, arsenic appears to be associated with sediments derived, in part, from volcanic rocks of intermediate to acidic composition. Dissolved arsenic concentrations in water from volcanic aquifers in the same regions, however, may be low (less than 10 micrograms per liter). Solid phases (minerals, amorphous solids, and sedimentary organic matter) that supply the dissolved arsenic have not been identified in most areas. Alluvial and lacustrine sedimentary deposits appear to be an important source of arsenic in volcanic areas (such as Lane County, Oregon) and in areas underlain by basin-fill deposits (such as Carson Desert in Nevada and the Tulare Lake basin in California). Mobilization of arsenic in sedimentary aquifers may be, in part, a result of changes in the geochemical environment due to agricultural irrigation. In the deeper subsurface, elevated arsenic concentrations are associated with compaction caused by groundwater withdrawals.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1745-6584.1988.tb00397.x","usgsCitation":"Welch, A., Lico, M.S., and Hughes, J.L., 1988, Arsenic in ground water of the Western United States: Groundwater, v. 26, no. 3, p. 333-347, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1988.tb00397.x.","productDescription":"15 p.","startPage":"333","endPage":"347","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338182,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Western United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -125.41992187499999,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -104.4140625,\n 31.353636941500987\n ],\n [\n -104.4140625,\n 49.38237278700955\n ],\n [\n -125.41992187499999,\n 49.38237278700955\n ],\n [\n -125.41992187499999,\n 31.353636941500987\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"26","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2006-03-21","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df09e4b05ec79911d1ce","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Welch, Alan H.","contributorId":45286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Welch","given":"Alan H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685902,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lico, Michael S.","contributorId":75897,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lico","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685903,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hughes, Jennifer L.","contributorId":189740,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hughes","given":"Jennifer","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685904,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185907,"text":"70185907 - 1988 - Denitrification in a sand and gravel aquifer","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-26T17:01:17.637214","indexId":"70185907","displayToPublicDate":"1988-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":850,"text":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Denitrification in a sand and gravel aquifer","docAbstract":"Denitrification was assayed by the acetylene blockage technique in slurried core material obtained from a freshwater sand and gravel aquifer. The aquifer, which has been contaminated with treated sewage for more than 50 years, had a contaminant plume greater than 3.5-km long. Near the contaminant source, groundwater nitrate concentrations were greater than 1 mM, whereas 0.25 km downgradient the central portion of the contaminant plume was anoxic and contained no detectable nitrate. Samples were obtained along the longitudinal axis of the plume (0 to 0.25 km) at several depths from four sites. Denitrification was evident at in situ nitrate concentrations at all sites tested; rates ranged from 2.3 to 260 pmol of N2O produced (g of wet sediment)−1 h−1. Rates were highest nearest the contaminant source and decreased with increasing distance downgradient. Denitrification was the predominant nitrate-reducing activity; no evidence was found for nitrate reduction to ammonium at any site. Denitrifying activity was carbon limited and not nitrate limited, except when the ambient nitrate level was less than the detection limit, in which case, even when amended with high concentrations of glucose and nitrate, the capacity to denitrify on a short-term basis was lacking. These results demonstrate that denitrification can occur in groundwater systems and, thereby, serve as a mechanism for nitrate removal from groundwater.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","doi":"10.1128/aem.54.5.1071-1078.1988","usgsCitation":"Smith, R.L., and Duff, J., 1988, Denitrification in a sand and gravel aquifer: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 54, no. 5, p. 1071-1078, https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.54.5.1071-1078.1988.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"1071","endPage":"1078","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479985,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.54.5.1071-1078.1988","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":338651,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Massachusetts","otherGeospatial":"Cape Cod","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.63954884374593,\n 41.73751976509678\n ],\n [\n -70.68070167450198,\n 41.6945136775133\n ],\n [\n -70.6779581505853,\n 41.64532862029054\n ],\n [\n -70.67247110275133,\n 41.57353305884914\n ],\n [\n -70.70813691366979,\n 41.52630961823749\n ],\n [\n -70.6450358635835,\n 41.505766928716014\n ],\n [\n -70.60388300483176,\n 41.53452486840766\n ],\n [\n -70.5325513829955,\n 41.53452486840766\n ],\n [\n -70.46121976115928,\n 41.546845787507465\n ],\n [\n -70.42555395024084,\n 41.579690094800526\n ],\n [\n -70.33776118490337,\n 41.61661998392671\n ],\n [\n -70.26642956306715,\n 41.59610598773847\n ],\n [\n -70.1512015585625,\n 41.63302648454291\n ],\n [\n -70.02499945838991,\n 41.65967814379741\n ],\n [\n -70.00030774313942,\n 41.64532862029054\n ],\n [\n -69.93171964521983,\n 41.64942881033289\n ],\n [\n -69.91251497780193,\n 41.77231315298667\n ],\n [\n -69.94818078872038,\n 41.92150558094457\n ],\n [\n -70.02499945838991,\n 42.0316431803505\n ],\n [\n -70.08535698455957,\n 42.07034999451639\n ],\n [\n -70.1950979412309,\n 42.10089134374752\n ],\n [\n -70.25819899131719,\n 42.08256829852266\n ],\n [\n -70.26094251523384,\n 42.05609233347204\n ],\n [\n -70.21430260864811,\n 42.013300141541976\n ],\n [\n -70.1512015585625,\n 42.04183147085118\n ],\n [\n -70.09633108022686,\n 42.00718461934795\n ],\n [\n -70.09633108022686,\n 41.90721454025004\n ],\n [\n -70.04146060189117,\n 41.79277103595206\n ],\n [\n -70.21155908473149,\n 41.764128172257415\n ],\n [\n -70.25545546739986,\n 41.73751977314524\n ],\n [\n -70.41183633065691,\n 41.75184874318762\n ],\n [\n -70.4749373807432,\n 41.784588666019545\n ],\n [\n -70.5572430982467,\n 41.78254291035651\n ],\n [\n -70.63954884374593,\n 41.73751976509678\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"54","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc820e4b02ff32c68574e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Smith, R. L.","contributorId":93904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Smith","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":595,"text":"U.S. Geological Survey","active":false,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":687060,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duff, J.H.","contributorId":60377,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duff","given":"J.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687061,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1013383,"text":"1013383 - 1988 - Channel hydraulics, habitat use, and body form of juvenile coho salmon, steelhead, and cutthroat trout in streams","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-08T16:24:24.536855","indexId":"1013383","displayToPublicDate":"1988-05-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Channel hydraulics, habitat use, and body form of juvenile coho salmon, steelhead, and cutthroat trout in streams","docAbstract":"Habitat use by juvenile coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch, steelhead Salmo gairdneri, and the coastal subspecies of cutthroat trout Salmo clarki clarki in small streams in western Washington was influenced by hydraulic characteristics of different types of channel units. Coho salmon preferred pools with average velocities less than 20 cm/s; very few fish were found in riffles with high current velocities. Steelhead occurred in riffles and also utilized deep pools with relatively high velocities along the center of the channel. Cutthroat trout were intermediate between coho salmon and steelhead in their use of swiftly flowing habitats. Variation in body shape and fin size among the three species generally fit the predicted morphologies that would be favored in different locations within the channel. Coho salmon possessed a deep, laterally compressed body with large median and paired fins. These features are believed to facilitate rapid turns and quick but transient burst swimming. Steelhead possessed a more cylindrical body shape with short median fins and relatively large paired fins, attributes that appear well adapted to holding a position in swift water. The cutthroat troutˈs lack of morphological adaptation to either fast or slow water may help to explain why this species is dominated by coho salmon and steelhead in areas of sympatry.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1988)117<0262:CHHUAB>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Bisson, P., Sullivan, K., and Nielsen, J., 1988, Channel hydraulics, habitat use, and body form of juvenile coho salmon, steelhead, and cutthroat trout in streams: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 117, no. 3, p. 262-273, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1988)117<0262:CHHUAB>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"262","endPage":"273","costCenters":[{"id":106,"text":"Alaska Biological Science Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131241,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"117","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e4e4b07f02db5e628c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bisson, P.A.","contributorId":17944,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bisson","given":"P.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318628,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sullivan, K.","contributorId":74342,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sullivan","given":"K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318629,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Nielsen, J.L.","contributorId":105665,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Nielsen","given":"J.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":318630,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70185532,"text":"70185532 - 1988 - Iron photoreduction and oxidation in an acidic mountain stream","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T13:42:36","indexId":"70185532","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-28T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Iron photoreduction and oxidation in an acidic mountain stream","docAbstract":"In a small mountain stream in Colorado that receives acidic mine drainage, photoreduction of ferric iron results in a well-defined increase in dissolved ferrous iron during the day. To quantify this process, an instream injection of a conservative tracer was used to measure discharge at the time that each sample was collected. Daytime production of ferrous iron by photoreduction was almost four times as great as nighttime oxidation of ferrous iron. The photoreduction process probably involves dissolved or colloidal ferric iron species and limited interaction with organic species because concentrations of organic carbon are low in this stream.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.240.4852.637","usgsCitation":"McKnight, D., Kimball, B.A., and Bencala, K., 1988, Iron photoreduction and oxidation in an acidic mountain stream: Science, v. 240, no. 4852, p. 637-640, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.240.4852.637.","productDescription":"4 p. ","startPage":"637","endPage":"640","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338175,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"240","issue":"4852","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df09e4b05ec79911d1d0","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McKnight, D.M.","contributorId":189736,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McKnight","given":"D.M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685890,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kimball, B. A.","contributorId":87583,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kimball","given":"B.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685891,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Bencala, K.E.","contributorId":105312,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bencala","given":"K.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685892,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70122661,"text":"70122661 - 1988 - Determining instream flows for flushing of fines and channel maintenance: 1988 Progress Report","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-27T10:57:46","indexId":"70122661","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-21T10:56:38","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Determining instream flows for flushing of fines and channel maintenance: 1988 Progress Report","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the Eighth Annual AGU Front Range Hydrology Days","conferenceTitle":"Eighth Annual AGU Front Range Hydrology Days","conferenceDate":"1988-04-19T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"Hydrology Days Publications","publisherLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","usgsCitation":"Milhous, R.T., 1988, Determining instream flows for flushing of fines and channel maintenance: 1988 Progress Report, 16 p.","productDescription":"16 p.","numberOfPages":"16","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":293089,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fef0d3e4b01f35f8fd696f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Milhous, Robert T.","contributorId":28646,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Milhous","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499567,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70122692,"text":"70122692 - 1988 - Wall charts: Biological Report 88(16)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2014-08-27T12:41:11","indexId":"70122692","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T12:39:44","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"title":"Wall charts: Biological Report 88(16)","docAbstract":"No abstract available.","largerWorkTitle":"Proceedings of the National Symposium of Wetlands from Agricultural Impacts","conferenceTitle":"National Symposium on Protection of Wetlands from Agricultural Impacts","conferenceDate":"1988-04-25T00:00:00","conferenceLocation":"Fort Collins, CO","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Research and Development","publisherLocation":"Washington, D.C.","usgsCitation":"Stuber, P., 1988, Wall charts: Biological Report 88(16).","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":293118,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fef0f3e4b01f35f8fd6a78","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Stuber, P.J.","contributorId":41751,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stuber","given":"P.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5222415,"text":"5222415 - 1988 - Observation of directional thermal soaring preference in vultures","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-01-22T16:37:14.579331","indexId":"5222415","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T12:19:04","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1961,"text":"Ibis","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Observation of directional thermal soaring preference in vultures","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.1111/j.1474-919X.1988.tb00982.x","usgsCitation":"Obrecht, H.H., 1988, Observation of directional thermal soaring preference in vultures: Ibis, v. 130, no. 2, p. 300-301, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.1988.tb00982.x.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"300","endPage":"301","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":199626,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"130","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2008-04-03","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4afce4b07f02db69652a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Obrecht, Holliday H. III","contributorId":79545,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Obrecht","given":"Holliday","suffix":"III","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":336265,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70122675,"text":"70122675 - 1988 - Guild structure of a riparian avifauna relative to seasonal cattle grazing","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-22T15:49:55.87914","indexId":"70122675","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T11:41:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Guild structure of a riparian avifauna relative to seasonal cattle grazing","docAbstract":"The avifauna within the willow (Salix spp.) community on the Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) was dominated (96% of all observations each year) by 11 species of passerine birds during the summers of 1980-81. Using 28 vegetation variables measured or calculated for randomly selected points and points where birds were sighted, we assigned the species to 3 distinct response guilds relative to historical patterns of seasonal grazing. A eurytopic response guild (habitat generalists) included yellow warblers (Dendroica petechia) (YEWA), savannah sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis) (SASP), and song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) (SOSP). A stenotopic response guild (habitat specialists) included willow flycatchers (Empidonax traillii) (WIFL). Lincoln's sparrows (Melospiza lincolnii) (LISP), and white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys) (WCSP). The intermediate, mesotopic response guild included American robins (Turdus migratorius) (AMRO), red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) (RWBL), and brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) (BHCO). Population densities of the eurytopic response guild differed little between healthy (historically winter-grazed) and decadent (historically summer-grazed) willow communities within a year. Densities of species in the mesotopic response guild differed more dramatically, and stenotopic response-guild species were absent or accidental in decadent willows. Information on habitat use patterns of the individual species between years supported the definition of response guilds; vegetation structure was most variable in habitats of eurytopic species and least variable in habitats of stenotopic species. Comparisons between used and available vegetation features indicated that species in the stenotopic response guild used locations that differed from random on the basis of bush spacing. We hypothesize that the response-guild structure primarily reflects the impact of cattle upon the horizontal patterning of the vegetative community.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wildlife Society","doi":"10.2307/3801235","usgsCitation":"Knopf, F.L., Sedgwick, J., and Cannon, R.W., 1988, Guild structure of a riparian avifauna relative to seasonal cattle grazing: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 52, no. 2, p. 280-290, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801235.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"280","endPage":"290","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":293105,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Colorado","city":"Walden","otherGeospatial":"Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -106.3394797759908,\n 40.71749841164413\n ],\n [\n -106.3394797759908,\n 40.582222201816734\n ],\n [\n -106.22647405086448,\n 40.582222201816734\n ],\n [\n -106.22647405086448,\n 40.71749841164413\n ],\n [\n -106.3394797759908,\n 40.71749841164413\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fef0d9e4b01f35f8fd699f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Knopf, Fritz L.","contributorId":45650,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knopf","given":"Fritz","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499593,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Sedgwick, James A.","contributorId":55350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sedgwick","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499592,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Cannon, Richard W.","contributorId":24293,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cannon","given":"Richard","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70234244,"text":"70234244 - 1988 - Vertical seismic profiling of Oroville microearthquakes: Velocity spectra and particle motion as a function of depth","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-08-04T16:20:39.515949","indexId":"70234244","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T10:08:11","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1135,"text":"Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America","onlineIssn":"1943-3573","printIssn":"0037-1106","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Vertical seismic profiling of Oroville microearthquakes: Velocity spectra and particle motion as a function of depth","docAbstract":"Direct evidence of site distortion of P- and S-wave microearthquake source spectra at Oroville, California, is presented. The data were gathered by placing vertical and three-component seismometers at 90 m intervals in a 500 m borehole through the Cleveland Hill normal fault, on which the 1975, ML = 5.7 Oroville earthquake took place. High-pressure, hydraulic locking mechanisms were used to firmly lock the seismometer packages against the borehole wall. Digital, event-triggering GEOS recorders were used to receive the data. Some 30 seismic events, including 12 microearthquakes, were recorded during the 4 months the seismometers were deployed.
By comparing the velocity spectra of microearthquake waves at the different depths, it can be seen that scattering and attenuation in the shallow crust around the borehole dominantly affect high-frequency S waves. Above 15 Hz, the value of the apparent S-wave quality factor, Qas, for the upper 500 m of crust at this site is 9. One feature of this low Qas is a gross difference between S-wave “corner” frequencies observed at ground level and 500 m downhole. For example, the uphole and downhole S-wave corner frequencies for the Mcoda = 0.4 microearthquake of Julian Day 259 differ by a factor of 2 or more. Low quality factors and depth-dependent corner frequencies were also observed for P waves, but these data are less definitive due to lower signal-to-noise ratios.
Based on their three-component particle motions and polarizations, the direct S waves of the microearthquakes appear to be composed of two phases, which have similar amplitudes but different apparent velocities. It is possible that the velocity differences are a result of anisotropy in the underlying rock.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0780020401","usgsCitation":"Malin, P.E., Waller, J.A., Borcherdt, R.D., Cranswick, E., Jensen, E.G., and Van Schaak, J., 1988, Vertical seismic profiling of Oroville microearthquakes: Velocity spectra and particle motion as a function of depth: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 78, no. 2, p. 401-420, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0780020401.","productDescription":"20 p.","startPage":"401","endPage":"420","costCenters":[{"id":234,"text":"Earthquake Hazards Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":404829,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":404828,"rank":1,"type":{"id":15,"text":"Index Page"},"url":"https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/ssa/bssa/article/78/2/401/338588/Vertical-seismic-profiling-of-Oroville"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Oroville","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -121.68937683105467,\n 39.442556532077376\n ],\n [\n -121.45660400390624,\n 39.442556532077376\n ],\n [\n -121.45660400390624,\n 39.55964762177084\n ],\n [\n -121.68937683105467,\n 39.55964762177084\n ],\n [\n -121.68937683105467,\n 39.442556532077376\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Malin, P. E.","contributorId":127300,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Malin","given":"P.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":848311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Waller, J. A.","contributorId":294545,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Waller","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":848312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Borcherdt, Roger D. 0000-0002-8668-0849 borcherdt@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8668-0849","contributorId":2373,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Borcherdt","given":"Roger","email":"borcherdt@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":848313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Cranswick, E.","contributorId":85948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cranswick","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":848314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Jensen, Edward G. gjensen@usgs.gov","contributorId":4201,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jensen","given":"Edward","email":"gjensen@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":848315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Van Schaak, J.","contributorId":294546,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Van Schaak","given":"J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":848316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":5220778,"text":"5220778 - 1988 - Environmental contaminants in California condors","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-22T20:33:11.638515","indexId":"5220778","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental contaminants in California condors","docAbstract":"Five wild California condors (Gymnogyps californianus) that died in 1980-86 were necropsied and tissues were analyzed for environmental contaminants. Three died of lead (Pb) poisoning, 1 presumably of cyanide (CN) poisoning, and 1 nestling of handling shock. Organochlorine concentrations were low in 4 condors that were analyzed for these contaminants. Blood samples from 14 wild and 14 captive condors were analyzed primarily for Pb. Five of 14 wild condors sampled had elevated (> 0.70 ppm) concentrations of Pb in blood whereas Pb concentrations in all captive condors were low. Lead levels in individual birds often fluctuated over time. Lead exposure, especially poisoning, was a major factor affecting the wild California condor population during 1982-86. The probable source of Pb was bullet fragments in carrion on which condors were feeding.
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\"}}]}","volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aa8e4b07f02db667347","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wiemeyer, Stanley N.","contributorId":78279,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wiemeyer","given":"Stanley","email":"","middleInitial":"N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332463,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Scott, J. Michael","contributorId":98877,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Scott","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Michael","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332461,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Anderson, Marilyn P.","contributorId":102970,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Anderson","given":"Marilyn","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332464,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Bloom, Peter H.","contributorId":289557,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bloom","given":"Peter H.","affiliations":[{"id":38830,"text":"Bloom Research Inc.","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":332460,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Stafford, Charles J.","contributorId":65338,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Stafford","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332462,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70185533,"text":"70185533 - 1988 - Internal inconsistencies in dispersion-dominated models that incorporate chemical and microbial kinetics","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-12T13:49:53","indexId":"70185533","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3722,"text":"Water Resources Research","onlineIssn":"1944-7973","printIssn":"0043-1397","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Internal inconsistencies in dispersion-dominated models that incorporate chemical and microbial kinetics","docAbstract":"Current understanding of transport processes in aquifers is limited by lack of precise point chemical concentration measurements. Recently, however, some careful measurements of vertical chemical concentration profiles have been made at several locations around the world that appear to support a consistent picture concerning the persistence of large vertical concentration gradients in aquifers and, by implication, the existence of very small vertical transverse dispersivities. These data were obtained in aquifers supporting microbial activity. Data analysis using a mathematical model which considers microbial degradation coupled to nutrient and oxygen transport indicates that a vertical transverse dispersivity on the order of 0.1 cm or less is consistent with the concentration gradients that were measured. The existence of such large gradients and low dispersivities is not consistent with the use of two-dimensional vertically averaged (areal) models as currently applied, especially if one is interested in the development of transport models with predictive capability beyond that associated with standard calibration and extrapolation. Even three-dimensional models with large vertical transverse dispersivities compared to those measured will produce results inconsistent with measurements. Microbial-chemical activity is very sensitive to concentration distributions. Smearing of the oxygen profile can result in the prediction of aerobic activity where, in fact, none exists.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/WR024i004p00615","usgsCitation":"Molz, F.J., and Widdowson, M.A., 1988, Internal inconsistencies in dispersion-dominated models that incorporate chemical and microbial kinetics: Water Resources Research, v. 24, no. 4, p. 615-619, https://doi.org/10.1029/WR024i004p00615.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"615","endPage":"619","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338178,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"24","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2010-07-09","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df0ae4b05ec79911d1d2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Molz, Fred J.","contributorId":189737,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Molz","given":"Fred","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685893,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Widdowson, Mark A.","contributorId":90379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Widdowson","given":"Mark","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685894,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5220774,"text":"5220774 - 1988 - Survival of juvenile ring-necked ducks on wetlands of different pH","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-22T16:48:10.36356","indexId":"5220774","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Survival of juvenile ring-necked ducks on wetlands of different pH","docAbstract":"Brood and duckling survival of ring-necked ducks (Aythya collaris) was examined in relation to wetland water chemistry in eastcentral Maine during 1983-85. Daily survival rates (DSR) of broods and ducklings were determined for 381 ducklings from 64 broods by counts of each brood at 6-10-day intervals during broodrearing. Twelve of 64 females lost entire broods. Only 176 of 381 (46%) ducklings survived to fledge. Brood survival for the 45-day rearing period was 0.7731; duckling survival was 0.3707. Young ducklings (≤24 days) survived at a lower rate (0.9750/day) than older (≥25 days) ducklings (0.9818/day) (P = 0.002). Survival rates of broods and ducklings did not differ among wetlands of high and low alkalinities. Brood survival did not differ among wetlands of different pH, but DSR of ducklings was lower (0.9763/day) on low-pH (<6.0) wetlands than on high-pH (≥6.1) wetlands (0.9816/day) (P = 0.049). Class IIb-III (25-45 days old) ducklings from the lowest-pH wetlands(<5.5) had the lowest DSR (0.9752) while Class IIb-III ducklings from the highest-pH wetlands (>6.5) had the highest DSR (0.9856) (P = 0.009).
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801219","usgsCitation":"McAuley, D., and Longcore, J., 1988, Survival of juvenile ring-necked ducks on wetlands of different pH: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 52, no. 2, p. 169-176, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801219.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"169","endPage":"176","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197784,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","county":"Hancock County, Washington County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -69.04882868494023,\n 45.77994913044307\n ],\n [\n -69.04882868494023,\n 44.26057419211864\n ],\n [\n -67.06934253029306,\n 44.26057419211864\n ],\n [\n -67.06934253029306,\n 45.77994913044307\n ],\n [\n -69.04882868494023,\n 45.77994913044307\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ae0e4b07f02db688183","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McAuley, Daniel G.","contributorId":346357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McAuley","given":"Daniel G.","affiliations":[{"id":37196,"text":"Retired USGS employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":332450,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longcore, Jerry R.","contributorId":346356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Longcore","given":"Jerry R.","affiliations":[{"id":37196,"text":"Retired USGS employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":332451,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5220773,"text":"5220773 - 1988 - The effects of hunting on survival rates of American black ducks","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-22T16:39:58.297771","indexId":"5220773","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The effects of hunting on survival rates of American black ducks","docAbstract":"Using data from 10 preseason and 10 winter major reference areas from 1950-83, the authors tested hypotheses regarding the effects of hunting on the survival and recovery rates of the American black duck (Anas rubripes). Although estimates of the proportion of total annual mortality due to hunting are low (35% for ad and 45% for young) compared to Blandin's (1982) estimates, mean mortality and kill rates have increased since 1982. When hunting regulations were liberalized, recovery rates increased and survival rates decreased in males whereas only recovery rates increased in females. Changes in hunting regulations appeared to affect survival rates of adult males and young American black ducks.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801225","usgsCitation":"Krementz, D.G., Conroy, M.J., Hines, J., and Percival, H., 1988, The effects of hunting on survival rates of American black ducks: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 52, no. 2, p. 214-226, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801225.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"214","endPage":"226","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":196853,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Canada, United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -87.89812912152716,\n 48.28156213734857\n ],\n [\n -87.89812912152716,\n 39.700046475534975\n ],\n [\n -66.76361401019602,\n 39.700046475534975\n ],\n [\n -66.76361401019602,\n 48.28156213734857\n ],\n [\n -87.89812912152716,\n 48.28156213734857\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49e2e4b07f02db5e4b0a","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Krementz, David G.","contributorId":340950,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Krementz","given":"David","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":81684,"text":"Retired USGS, CRU","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":332448,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Conroy, Michael J.","contributorId":20871,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Conroy","given":"Michael","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":13266,"text":"Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, The University of Georgia","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":332449,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Hines, James E. jhines@usgs.gov","contributorId":3506,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hines","given":"James E.","email":"jhines@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":332447,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Percival, H. Frankin","contributorId":40286,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Percival","given":"H. Frankin","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332446,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":5220775,"text":"5220775 - 1988 - A field test for differences in condition among trapped and shot mallards","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-22T16:58:55.52534","indexId":"5220775","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A field test for differences in condition among trapped and shot mallards","docAbstract":"We tested predictions from the condition bias hypothesis (Weatherland and Greenwood 1981) regarding the effects of sampling methods of body weights of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) at White River National Wildlife Refuge (WRNWR), Arkansas, during 24 November-8 December 1985. Body weights of 84 mallards caught with unbaited rocket nets in a natural wetland were used as experimental controls and compared to the body weights of 70 mallards captured with baited rocket nets, 86 mallards captured with baited swim-in traps, and 130 mallards killed by hunters. We found no differences (P > 0.27) in body weight among sampling methods, but body condition (wt/wing length) of the birds killed by hunters was less (P < 0.02) than that of the controls. Power of the test statistics to reject the null hypothesis of equal body weights among sampling methods was > 0.75 for differences > 50 g. The condition bias hypothesis probably applies to ducks killed by hunters but not to trapping operations when substantial (> 20 at 1 time) numbers of birds are captured.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801226","usgsCitation":"Reinecke, K.J., and Shaiffer, C.W., 1988, A field test for differences in condition among trapped and shot mallards: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 52, no. 2, p. 227-232, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801226.","productDescription":"6 p.","startPage":"227","endPage":"232","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":197816,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Arkansas","otherGeospatial":"White River National Wildlife Refuge","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.17997131738005,\n 34.45134934356088\n ],\n [\n -91.17997131738005,\n 34.17457289303212\n ],\n [\n -91.04503660474165,\n 34.17457289303212\n ],\n [\n -91.04503660474165,\n 34.45134934356088\n ],\n [\n -91.17997131738005,\n 34.45134934356088\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6aeba2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Reinecke, Kenneth J.","contributorId":87275,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reinecke","given":"Kenneth","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332452,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Shaiffer, Charles W.","contributorId":16148,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shaiffer","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":332453,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":5220770,"text":"5220770 - 1988 - Foods of juvenile ring-necked ducks: Relationship to wetland pH","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-22T16:31:07.39601","indexId":"5220770","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foods of juvenile ring-necked ducks: Relationship to wetland pH","docAbstract":"Foods of 37 juvenile ring-necked ducks (Aythya collaris) from 16 different wetlands were examined in eastcentral Maine in 1983-85. Invertebrates made up 70% aggregate dry weight (100% occurrence) of the foods of Class Ia-IIa (≤ 24 days old) ducklings and 32% (86% occurrence) of Class IIb-III (≥ 25 days old) ducklings. These percentages may be as high as 85% for Ia-IIa ducklings and 47% for IIb-III ducklings after adjusting for insect sclerites. Ducklings ate invertebrates from 44 taxa and seeds or fibers from 23 plant taxa. Freshwater sponges (Porifera) were the most important invertebrate and constituted 23% of the foods of all ducklings. Seeds of pondweeds (Potamogeton spp.) were the most important plant foods. Diets of ducklings from high-pH (≥ 6.1) wetlands were more diverse (t = 2.54, P = 0.021) than those from low-pH (<6.1) wetlands and consisted of 33 invertebrate taxa. Only 17 taxa occurred in ducklings from low-pH ponds. Class Ia-IIa ducklings from high-pH wetlands ate more invertebrates (77%) than ducklings from lower-pH wetlands (61%), although the difference was not significant (P = 0.21). Sponges made up the largest percentage of the diets and occurred in similar amounts in high- (34%) and low- (31.5%) pH wetlands.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801220","usgsCitation":"McAuley, D., and Longcore, J., 1988, Foods of juvenile ring-necked ducks: Relationship to wetland pH: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 52, no. 2, p. 177-185, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801220.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"185","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":198098,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Maine","county":"Aroostook County, Hancock County, Penobscot County, Washington County","otherGeospatial":"eastcentral Maine","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -70.22830161052416,\n 46.439506996990104\n ],\n [\n -70.22830161052416,\n 45.01031431362537\n ],\n [\n -68.5878885041646,\n 45.01031431362537\n ],\n [\n -68.5878885041646,\n 46.439506996990104\n ],\n [\n -70.22830161052416,\n 46.439506996990104\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"52","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49d6e4b07f02db5de54e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"McAuley, Daniel G.","contributorId":346357,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"McAuley","given":"Daniel G.","affiliations":[{"id":37196,"text":"Retired USGS employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":332441,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Longcore, Jerry R.","contributorId":346356,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Longcore","given":"Jerry R.","affiliations":[{"id":37196,"text":"Retired USGS employee","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":332442,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003609,"text":"1003609 - 1988 - Nonhunting mortality in sandhill cranes","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-11-18T17:38:42.245254","indexId":"1003609","displayToPublicDate":"1988-04-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2508,"text":"Journal of Wildlife Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Nonhunting mortality in sandhill cranes","docAbstract":"Records of 170 sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) necropsied at the National Wildlife Health Research Center, Wisconsin, from 1976 through 1985 were reviewed as representative samples to determine causes of nonhunting mortality in the mid-continent and Rocky Mountain populations of sandhill cranes. Avian cholera, avian botulism, and ingestion of mycotoxins were leading causes of nonhunting mortality. Hailstorms, lightning, lead poisoning, predation, avian tuberculosis, and collisions with power lines also killed cranes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Wiley","doi":"10.2307/3801231","usgsCitation":"Windingstad, R.M., 1988, Nonhunting mortality in sandhill cranes: Journal of Wildlife Management, v. 52, no. 2, p. 260-263, https://doi.org/10.2307/3801231.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"260","endPage":"263","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":135292,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United 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E.","contributorId":113991,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Field","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785584,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Gardner, J. V.","contributorId":114111,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gardner","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"V.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785585,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Hampton, M. A.","contributorId":103271,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hampton","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785586,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Karl, H. A.","contributorId":115791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Karl","given":"H.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785587,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":7},{"text":"Kenyon, N.H.","contributorId":223600,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Kenyon","given":"N.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785588,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":8},{"text":"Masson, D.G.","contributorId":44160,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Masson","given":"D.G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":785589,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":9},{"text":"McCulloch, David S. dmccullo@usgs.gov","contributorId":3100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"McCulloch","given":"David","email":"dmccullo@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":785590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10}]}} ,{"id":70014343,"text":"70014343 - 1988 - The 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, California","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-24T16:19:05.182395","indexId":"70014343","displayToPublicDate":"1988-03-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, California","docAbstract":"The Whittier Narrows earthquake sequence (local magnitude, ML = 5.9), which caused over 358-million dollars damage, indicates that assessments of earthquake hazards in the Los Angeles metropolitan area may be underestimated. The sequence ruptured a previously unidentified thrust fault that may be part of a large system of thrust faults that extends across the entire east-west length of the northern margin of the Los Angeles basin. Peak horizontal accelerations from the main shock, which were measured at ground level and in structures, were as high as 0.6g (where g is the acceleration of gravity at sea level) within 50 kilometers of the epicenter. The distribution of the modified Mercalli intensity VII reflects a broad north-south elongated zone of damage that is approximately centered on the main shock epicenter.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.239.4846.1409","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Hauksson, E., Jones, L.M., Davis, T., Hutton, L., Williams, P., Bent, A.L., Brady, A.G., Reasenberg, P.A., Michael, A., Yerkes, R.F., Etheredge, E., Porcella, R.L., Johnston, M., Reagor, G., Bufe, C., Cranswick, E., and Shakal, A., 1988, The 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, California: Science, v. 239, no. 4846, p. 1409-1412, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.239.4846.1409.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1409","endPage":"1412","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225890,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","city":"Los Angeles","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -118.93209035547059,\n 34.46183243191399\n ],\n [\n -118.93209035547059,\n 33.722456760279115\n ],\n [\n -117.49331656484492,\n 33.722456760279115\n ],\n [\n -117.49331656484492,\n 34.46183243191399\n ],\n [\n -118.93209035547059,\n 34.46183243191399\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"239","issue":"4846","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505ba62ce4b08c986b320f39","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hauksson, E.","contributorId":10932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hauksson","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368165,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Jones, Lucile M. jones@usgs.gov","contributorId":1014,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Jones","given":"Lucile","email":"jones@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[{"id":508,"text":"Office of the AD Hazards","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":368173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Davis, T.L.","contributorId":8234,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Davis","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368164,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Hutton, L.K.","contributorId":66266,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hutton","given":"L.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368176,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Williams, Pat","contributorId":61532,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Williams","given":"Pat","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Bent, Allison L.","contributorId":239555,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bent","given":"Allison","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[{"id":47914,"text":"Canadian Hazards Information Service","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":949430,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6},{"text":"Brady, A. 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F.","contributorId":24754,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Yerkes","given":"R.","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368167,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":10},{"text":"Etheredge, E.","contributorId":59569,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Etheredge","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368171,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":11},{"text":"Porcella, R. L.","contributorId":102869,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Porcella","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368180,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":12},{"text":"Johnston, M.J.S. 0000-0003-4326-8368","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4326-8368","contributorId":104889,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnston","given":"M.J.S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368181,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":13},{"text":"Reagor, G.","contributorId":60671,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Reagor","given":"G.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":14},{"text":"Bufe, C. G.","contributorId":79443,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bufe","given":"C. G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368178,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":15},{"text":"Cranswick, E.","contributorId":85948,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cranswick","given":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368179,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":16},{"text":"Shakal, A.K.","contributorId":38295,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Shakal","given":"A.K.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368169,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":17}]}} ,{"id":70014314,"text":"70014314 - 1988 - Gas bubbles in fossil amber as possible indicators of the major gas composition of ancient air","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-09-24T16:09:15.97778","indexId":"70014314","displayToPublicDate":"1988-03-18T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3338,"text":"Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Gas bubbles in fossil amber as possible indicators of the major gas composition of ancient air","docAbstract":"Gases trapped in Miocene to Upper Cretaceous amber were released by gently crushing the amber under vacuum and were analyzed by quadrupole mass spectrometry. After discounting the possibility that the major gases N2, O2, and CO2 underwent appreciable diffusion and diagenetic exchange with their surroundings or reaction with the amber, it has been concluded that in primary bubbles (gas released during initial breakage) these gases represent mainly original ancient air modified by the aerobic respiration of microorganisms. Values of N2/(CO2 + O2) for each time period give consistent results despite varying O2/CO2 ratios that presumably were due to varying degrees of respiration. This allows calculation of original oxygen concentrations, which, on the basis of these preliminary results, appear to have changed from greater than 30 percent O2 during one part of the Late Cretaceous (between 75 and 95 million years ago) to 21 percent during the Eocene-Oligocene and for present-day samples, with possibly lower values during the Oligocene-Early Miocene. Variable O2 levels over time in general confirm theoretical isotope-mass balance calculations and suggest that the atmosphere has evolved over Phanerozoic time.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","doi":"10.1126/science.239.4846.1406","issn":"00368075","usgsCitation":"Berner, R., and Landis, G.P., 1988, Gas bubbles in fossil amber as possible indicators of the major gas composition of ancient air: Science, v. 239, no. 4846, p. 1406-1409, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.239.4846.1406.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"1406","endPage":"1409","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225308,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"239","issue":"4846","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a14c1e4b0c8380cd54b4f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Berner, R.A.","contributorId":73346,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Berner","given":"R.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368096,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Landis, Gary P.","contributorId":72405,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Landis","given":"Gary","email":"","middleInitial":"P.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368097,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014443,"text":"70014443 - 1988 - Lessons from materials science","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-02T16:28:44.401828","indexId":"70014443","displayToPublicDate":"1988-03-10T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lessons from materials science","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/332108a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Tilling, R., 1988, Lessons from materials science: Nature, v. 332, no. 6160, p. 108-109, https://doi.org/10.1038/332108a0.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"108","endPage":"109","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225578,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"332","issue":"6160","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a465ae4b0c8380cd67617","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tilling, R.I. 0000-0003-4263-7221","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4263-7221","contributorId":98311,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tilling","given":"R.I.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368407,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014290,"text":"70014290 - 1988 - Uranium-series dating of the Mousterian occupation at Abric Romani, Spain","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-02T16:36:01.712608","indexId":"70014290","displayToPublicDate":"1988-03-03T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Uranium-series dating of the Mousterian occupation at Abric Romani, Spain","docAbstract":"The precise evolutionary position of the Neanderthal people continues to be a major uncertainty in human evolution. Their origin and their relationship to anatomically modern people are unclear and are clouded by poor chronology. Lithic artefacts of the Mousterian type, found throughout Europe and the Mediterranean Basin, are believed to be the tool kit of the Neanderthals, but dates within Mousterian-bearing deposits are extremely rare. We report here on 20 high-quality uranium-series dates from Mousterian beds at Abric Romani, a rock shelter near Barcelona, Spain. The dates range from 39 to 60 kyr before present (BP) in an orderly stratigraphic succession and provide precise chronological control on an important Mousterian archaeological site.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/332068a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Bischoff, J.L., Julia, R., and Mora, R., 1988, Uranium-series dating of the Mousterian occupation at Abric Romani, Spain: Nature, v. 332, no. 6159, p. 68-70, https://doi.org/10.1038/332068a0.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"68","endPage":"70","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":226013,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Spain","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 0.7394803397147314,\n 41.42726915584606\n ],\n [\n 0.7394803397147314,\n 40.94158367368533\n ],\n [\n 2.131767791876058,\n 40.94158367368533\n ],\n [\n 2.131767791876058,\n 41.42726915584606\n ],\n [\n 0.7394803397147314,\n 41.42726915584606\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"332","issue":"6159","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505bbdffe4b08c986b329359","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bischoff, J. L.","contributorId":28969,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368048,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Julia, R.","contributorId":34655,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Julia","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Mora, R.","contributorId":60392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Mora","given":"R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368050,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ]}