Complete alteration of fresh mid-ocean ridge basalt to albite + actinolite + smectite took place in the presence of quartz and 3.4m NaCl at 350°C and 400 bars. Significant Na-metasomatism occurred in exchange for Ca + Fe + Mn. In contrast, alteration of the basalt/quartz mixture with a synthetically prepared \"natural brine,\" and basalt with 3.4m NaCl or \"natural brine\" did not produce significant albitization. Based on these and previous experiments that reacted basalt with a variety of fluids, it is concluded that excess silica, a high Na/Ca ratio, and an absence of strong acidity (dissolved Mg) in the altering fluid are important for the albitization of basalt.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/629213","usgsCitation":"Rosenbauer, R.J., Bischoff, J.L., and Zierenberg, R.A., 1988, The laboratory albitization of mid-ocean ridge basalt: Journal of Geology, v. 96, no. 2, p. 237-244, https://doi.org/10.1086/629213.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"237","endPage":"244","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":400513,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"96","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rosenbauer, Robert J. brosenbauer@usgs.gov","contributorId":204,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rosenbauer","given":"Robert","email":"brosenbauer@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":842785,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bischoff, James L. jbischoff@usgs.gov","contributorId":1389,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bischoff","given":"James","email":"jbischoff@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":842786,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Zierenberg, Robert A.","contributorId":91883,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Zierenberg","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":842787,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1014507,"text":"1014507 - 1988 - Cooperative federal-state liming research on surface waters impacted by acidic deposition","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-03-18T16:02:48.616166","indexId":"1014507","displayToPublicDate":"1988-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Cooperative federal-state liming research on surface waters impacted by acidic deposition","docAbstract":"In the eastern and north-central United States, lakes and streams with low acid neutralizing capacity are at risk from acidity. Resource management agencies are interested in developing mitigation strategies that protect or restore fisheries in these waters. Addition of limestone (calcium carbonate) to improve water quality and prevent episodic depressions of pH during precipitation events and spring runoff is one mitigation technique being used. The ecological changes that accompany such treatment of streams and lakes are being investigated in a cooperative program between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and individual states. Streams in Massachusetts, West Virginia and Tennessee, and a lake in Minnesota are included in this 5-yr research program. Intensive monitoring during pre- and post-liming tracks a suite of physical, chemical and biological parameters that influence the re-establishment or maintenance of healthy fisheries. Supporting studies on liming being conducted at Adirondack lakes in New York focus on fisheries management. A model on the influence of liming on light attenuation and thermal stratification is also being developed. Management guidelines are to be generated from the program results.
No abstract available
","language":"English","publisher":"American Chemical Society","doi":"10.1021/es00168a015","usgsCitation":"Shekiro, J.M., Skogerboe, R.K., and Taylor, H.E., 1988, Use of electrothermal vaporization-multiple-wavelength absorption spectrometry to qualitatively screen for the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Environmental Science & Technology, v. 22, no. 3, p. 338-344, https://doi.org/10.1021/es00168a015.","productDescription":"7 p. ","startPage":"338","endPage":"344","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338180,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2002-05-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58d4df0ae4b05ec79911d1d4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Shekiro, Joseph M.","contributorId":189738,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Shekiro","given":"Joseph","email":"","middleInitial":"M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685897,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Skogerboe, Rodney K.","contributorId":189739,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Skogerboe","given":"Rodney","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":685898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Taylor, Howard E. hetaylor@usgs.gov","contributorId":1551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Taylor","given":"Howard","email":"hetaylor@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":5044,"text":"National Research Program - Central Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":685899,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":1003080,"text":"1003080 - 1988 - Variations in abundance of young-of-the-year channel catfish in a navigation pool of the upper Mississippi River","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2026-04-07T16:19:45.745866","indexId":"1003080","displayToPublicDate":"1988-03-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3624,"text":"Transactions of the American Fisheries Society","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Variations in abundance of young-of-the-year channel catfish in a navigation pool of the upper Mississippi River","docAbstract":"Spatial and temporal variations in the abundance of young‐of‐the‐year channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus were determined over 3 years based on 154 trawls taken from Navigation Pool 7 of the upper Mississippi River. No significant spatial patterns in abundance or length offish in the catch were found in seven poolwide surveys of the main channel. However, high variation among replicates existed. Temporal patterns in abundance and length‐frequency distributions varied among the study years. Seasonal catch curves were similar in 1984 and 1986, although offset due to earlier spawning in 1986. Spawning appeared to have been protracted in both years, based on analyses of back‐calculated dates of spawn and length‐frequency patterns of young. Sixty to seventy percent more young were produced in 1985, when spawning occurred over a shorter period of time and a more uniformly sized year class was produced. These annual variations in year‐class characteristics are hypothesized to have resulted in part from different river discharge patterns in the 3 years of the survey, with high discharge in 1984 and 1986 negatively affecting production of young.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Fisheries Society","doi":"10.1577/1548-8659(1988)117<0202:VIAOYO>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Holland Bartels, L.E., and Duval, M., 1988, Variations in abundance of young-of-the-year channel catfish in a navigation pool of the upper Mississippi River: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, v. 117, no. 2, p. 202-208, https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1988)117<0202:VIAOYO>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"7 p.","startPage":"202","endPage":"208","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":133911,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","otherGeospatial":"upper Mississippi River","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.05623987730098,\n 45.17439659998121\n ],\n [\n -90.76927328243863,\n 42.07089171372753\n ],\n [\n -91.0953981678615,\n 41.59555751713897\n ],\n [\n -91.59270332275176,\n 40.50601520829759\n ],\n [\n -91.56312952396293,\n 39.62425358650387\n ],\n [\n -89.54031455210978,\n 36.612958370800186\n ],\n [\n -88.89391875211567,\n 36.936623534808746\n ],\n [\n -90.9513058109361,\n 40.11436020561858\n ],\n [\n -89.81060228593368,\n 42.22683233867438\n ],\n [\n -92.18791768352077,\n 45.1702130191658\n ],\n [\n -93.05623987730098,\n 45.17439659998121\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"117","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a14e4b07f02db6029b2","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holland Bartels, L. E.","contributorId":71505,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holland Bartels","given":"L.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312722,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Duval, M.C.","contributorId":23906,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Duval","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312721,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014327,"text":"70014327 - 1988 - Granulite fades Nd-isotopic homogenization in the Lewisian complex of northwest Scotland","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2025-06-02T16:41:20.325511","indexId":"70014327","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-25T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2840,"text":"Nature","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Granulite fades Nd-isotopic homogenization in the Lewisian complex of northwest Scotland","docAbstract":"A published Sm–Nd whole-rock isochron of 2,920 ± 50 Myr, obtained from a wide range of lithologies in the Lewisian complex of north-west Scotland, was interpreted1 as the time of protolith formation. This date is ∼260 Myr older than estimates for the timing of high-grade metamorphism in the complex at ∼ 2,660 Myr2'3, and this period is considered to represent the duration of the Lewisian crustal accretion-differentiation superevent (CADS)4. Here we give new Sm-Nd data, obtained specifically from granulite facies tonalitic gneisses, that yield a date of 2,600 ±155 Myr. Although depleted-mantle model ages (tDM suggest >200 Myr of premetamorphic crustal residence, the regression date and its associated initial Nd-isotopic parameters demonstrate Nd-isotopic homogenization during the high-grade event, as well as the probability of general rare-earth-element (REE) mobility. Models for selective element depletion in the complex have previously assumed REE immobility since 2,920 Myr, but the data presented here suggest that a reappraisal of the depletion mechanism is required.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/331705a0","issn":"00280836","usgsCitation":"Whitehouse, M., 1988, Granulite fades Nd-isotopic homogenization in the Lewisian complex of northwest Scotland: Nature, v. 331, no. 6158, p. 705-707, https://doi.org/10.1038/331705a0.","productDescription":"3 p.","startPage":"705","endPage":"707","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225566,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Scotland","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -7.80190488310231,\n 58.5924285295051\n ],\n [\n -7.80190488310231,\n 56.07473135845302\n ],\n [\n -3.853372128121464,\n 56.07473135845302\n ],\n [\n -3.853372128121464,\n 58.5924285295051\n ],\n [\n -7.80190488310231,\n 58.5924285295051\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"331","issue":"6158","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a29c7e4b0c8380cd5ac20","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Whitehouse, M.J.","contributorId":87699,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Whitehouse","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368128,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70208356,"text":"70208356 - 1988 - Amino-acid diagenesis and its implication for late Pleistocene lacustrine sediment, Clear Lake, California ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-05T11:31:35","indexId":"70208356","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-05T11:04:38","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Amino-acid diagenesis and its implication for late Pleistocene lacustrine sediment, Clear Lake, California ","docAbstract":"The diagenesis of amino acids in sediments from Clear Lake core CL-80-1 is indicated by changes in amino acid concentrations, compositions, and stereochemistry. Concentrations of total amino acids decrease with depth, but the decrease is not systematic, possibly reflecting a nonuniformity in sedimentary and postdepositional processes affecting the amino acids. Ratios of neutral/acidic amino acids may indicate that the pH of interstitial water is slightly alkaline to slightly acidic and that the organic matter is well humified. Ratios of nonprotein/protein amino acids suggest that some changes in amino acids with depth result from microbial degradations. The extent of racemization of alanine increases with depth; the trends of these data may be explained, in part, by rapid sedimentation within the lake. Agreement between extents of alanine racemization for sediments from equivalent depths in two cores from the lake suggests that diagenetic temperatures are uniform within the sediments of the northern basin of Clear Lake.
","largerWorkTitle":"Late Quaternary Climate, Tectonism, and Sedimentation in Clear Lake, Northern California Coast Ranges","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/SPE214-p161","usgsCitation":"Blunt, D., and Kvenvolden, K.A., 1988, Amino-acid diagenesis and its implication for late Pleistocene lacustrine sediment, Clear Lake, California : GSA Special Papers, v. 214, p. 161-170, https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE214-p161.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"161","endPage":"170","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372063,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"California","otherGeospatial":"Clear Lake","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -122.99331665039062,\n 38.885688179036094\n ],\n [\n -122.57583618164062,\n 38.885688179036094\n ],\n [\n -122.57583618164062,\n 39.18277200757995\n ],\n [\n -122.99331665039062,\n 39.18277200757995\n ],\n [\n -122.99331665039062,\n 38.885688179036094\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"214","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Blunt, D.J.","contributorId":93189,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Blunt","given":"D.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781552,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Kvenvolden, Keith A. kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","contributorId":3384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"Keith","email":"kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781553,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70208354,"text":"70208354 - 1988 - Methane hydrates and global climate","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-05T11:03:18","indexId":"70208354","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-05T10:54:29","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1836,"text":"Global Biogeochemical Cycles","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Methane hydrates and global climate","docAbstract":"Methane hydrates are globally widespread in permafrost regions and beneath the sea in sediment of outer continental margins. The amount of methane sequestered in gas hydrates is probably enormous, but estimates of the amounts are speculative and range over three orders of magnitude (about 103 to 106 GT (gigatons = 1015 g)). A question of current interest concerns the possible consequences of an addition of methane to the atmosphere from destabilized methane hydrates due to global warming. Models of greenhouse warming predict that climatic change will be greatest in the Arctic. Thus, if methane from destabilized gas hydrates contributes to greenhouse warming, this destabilization will most likely take place first in the Arctic, particularly in the shallow nearshore regions of the Arctic Ocean where offshore permafrost is found. The process of permafrost warming and release of methane from gas hydrates may already be in progress, but the amount being released now and to be released in the 21st century is probably small. The positive feedback of this atmospheric methane on global climates will likely be minimal.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/GB002i003p00221","usgsCitation":"Kvenvolden, K.A., 1988, Methane hydrates and global climate: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 2, no. 3, p. 221-229, https://doi.org/10.1029/GB002i003p00221.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"221","endPage":"229","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":372061,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"2","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-21","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kvenvolden, Keith A. kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","contributorId":3384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"Keith","email":"kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781549,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70170910,"text":"70170910 - 1988 - Minnesota District Water Resources Division: Information and technical assistance","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2018-03-12T11:58:53","indexId":"70170910","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-03T12:45:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Minnesota District Water Resources Division: Information and technical assistance","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","largerWorkType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"largerWorkTitle":"Agrichemicals and Ground Water Protection--Resources and Strategies for State and Local Management, Proceedings","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"conferenceTitle":"Agrichemicals and Ground Water Protection--Resources and Strategies for State and Local Management","conferenceDate":"October 24-25, 1988","conferenceLocation":"St. Paul, MN","language":"English","publisherLocation":"St. Paul, MN","usgsCitation":"Herb, W., 1988, Minnesota District Water Resources Division: Information and technical assistance, in Agrichemicals and Ground Water Protection--Resources and Strategies for State and Local Management, Proceedings, St. Paul, MN, October 24-25, 1988, p. 93-97.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"93","endPage":"97","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":392,"text":"Minnesota Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":321085,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57330633e4b0dae0d5dcd1ff","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Herb, W.J.","contributorId":16847,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herb","given":"W.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":629049,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70208296,"text":"70208296 - 1988 - Aliphatic hydrocarbons in sediments from Prydz Bay, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-02-03T12:12:58","indexId":"70208296","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-03T11:49:51","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":5905,"text":"Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Aliphatic hydrocarbons in sediments from Prydz Bay, Antarctica","docAbstract":"High molecular weight aliphatic hydrocarbons were extracted from sediments at two sites (741 and 742) drilled during ODP Leg 119 in Prydz Bay. The distributions of n-alkanes and triterpenoid and steroid hydrocarbons suggest that the n- alkanes and steranes are mainly of terrestrial origin and that the hydrocarbons are immature to slightly mature in the Lower Cretaceous sediments and immature to mature in the Tertiary sediments. At Site 741, the Lower Cretaceous depositional sequence, which is generally characterized by immature hydrocarbons, is interrupted by sediment having more mature components, suggesting a change of source during part of Early Cretaceous time. At Site 742, the mature geochemical parameters of a Pliocene sample correlate with results reported elsewhere for Site 739. In all but one of the other Tertiary samples, the geochemical parameters indicate intermediate maturity. The Lower Cretaceous and Pliocene sediments average about 1.9% organic carbon, a value of interest from the point of view of potential sources of petroleum offshore of Antarctica.
","language":"English","publisher":"Texas A&M ","doi":"10.2973/odp.proc.sr.119.210.1991","usgsCitation":"Kvenvolden, K.A., Hostettler, F.D., Rapp, J.B., and Frank, T., 1988, Aliphatic hydrocarbons in sediments from Prydz Bay, Antarctica: Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results, v. 119, p. 417-424, https://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.119.210.1991.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"417","endPage":"424","costCenters":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":488887,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"http://doi.org/10.2973/odp.proc.sr.119.210.1991","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":371926,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Prydz Bay, Antartica","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 59.0625,\n -72.60712040027553\n ],\n [\n 102.65625,\n -72.60712040027553\n ],\n [\n 102.65625,\n -65.07213008560696\n ],\n [\n 59.0625,\n -65.07213008560696\n ],\n [\n 59.0625,\n -72.60712040027553\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"119","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Kvenvolden, Keith A. kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","contributorId":3384,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kvenvolden","given":"Keith","email":"kkvenvolden@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":520,"text":"Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":781308,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hostettler, Frances D. fdhostet@usgs.gov","contributorId":3383,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hostettler","given":"Frances","email":"fdhostet@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":781309,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Rapp, J. B.","contributorId":28987,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rapp","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781310,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Frank, Tamara","contributorId":222132,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Frank","given":"Tamara","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781311,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70176390,"text":"70176390 - 1988 - Seismic design and engineering research at the U.S. Geological Survey","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-12T11:42:57","indexId":"70176390","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Seismic design and engineering research at the U.S. Geological Survey","docAbstract":"The Engineering Seismology Element of the USGS Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program is responsible for the coordination and operation of the National Strong Motion Network to collect, process, and disseminate earthquake strong-motion data; and, the development of improved methodologies to estimate and predict earthquake ground motion. Instrumental observations of strong ground shaking induced by damaging earthquakes and the corresponding response of man-made structures provide the basis for estimating the severity of shaking from future earthquakes, for earthquake-resistant design, and for understanding the physics of seismologic failure in the Earth's crust.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","usgsCitation":"U.S. Geological Survey, 1988, Seismic design and engineering research at the U.S. Geological Survey: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 20, no. 6, p. 219-223.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"219","endPage":"223","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":328502,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","volume":"20","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d7d1c5e4b090824ff98e3e"} ,{"id":70176387,"text":"70176387 - 1988 - Hawaii Volcano Observatory 75th anniversary","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2016-09-12T11:25:08","indexId":"70176387","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-02T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1437,"text":"Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS)","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hawaii Volcano Observatory 75th anniversary","docAbstract":"The 75th anniversary of the founding of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) was celebrated in January 1987. The festivities began on January 9 with the opening in Hilo of a major exhibit at the Wailoa Center on the current work of HVO, its history, and its special relationship to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.
","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survery","usgsCitation":"Wright, T., and Decker, R.W., 1988, Hawaii Volcano Observatory 75th anniversary: Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS), v. 20, no. 1, p. 31-35.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"31","endPage":"35","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":328499,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -159.642333984375,\n 22.31958944283391\n ],\n [\n -160.46630859375,\n 21.993988560906022\n ],\n [\n -160.103759765625,\n 21.57571893245848\n ],\n [\n -159.312744140625,\n 21.688057256795453\n ],\n [\n -158.203125,\n 21.248422235627014\n ],\n [\n -157.027587890625,\n 20.73556590521865\n ],\n [\n -156.59912109375,\n 20.097206227083888\n ],\n [\n -156.192626953125,\n 19.663280219987662\n ],\n [\n -155.89599609375,\n 18.823116948090483\n ],\n [\n -155.28076171875,\n 18.823116948090483\n ],\n [\n -154.7314453125,\n 19.425153718960157\n ],\n [\n -154.676513671875,\n 19.72534224805787\n ],\n [\n -155.7421875,\n 20.797201434307\n ],\n [\n -156.544189453125,\n 21.186972714123776\n ],\n [\n -158.323974609375,\n 22.044913300245675\n ],\n [\n -159.49951171875,\n 22.329752304376473\n ],\n [\n -159.642333984375,\n 22.31958944283391\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"20","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"57d7d1bce4b090824ff98d98","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wright, Thomas L. twright@usgs.gov","contributorId":3890,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"Thomas L.","email":"twright@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":648590,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Decker, Robert W.","contributorId":81584,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Decker","given":"Robert","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":648591,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70039261,"text":"70039261 - 1988 - NCIC state affiliates","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-08-04T01:01:57","indexId":"70039261","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-01T14:51:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":6,"text":"USGS Unnumbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":362,"text":"General Information Product","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":6}},"title":"NCIC state affiliates","docAbstract":"In 1974, the U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, established the National Cartographic Information Center (NCIC) to serve as the public's primary source for information concerning the availability of cartographic, geographic,and remotely sensed data. As part of its program of providing information to the public, NCIC began in 1976 to develop a network of State affiliated offices to provide local access to this information.","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","publisherLocation":"Reston, VA","doi":"10.3133/70039261","usgsCitation":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey, 1988, NCIC state affiliates: General Information Product, 2 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/70039261.","productDescription":"2 p.","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":409,"text":"National Cartographic Information Center","active":false,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":261502,"rank":800,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039261/report.pdf"},{"id":261503,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/70039261/report-thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a613be4b0c8380cd7186c","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","contributorId":128075,"corporation":true,"usgs":false,"organization":"Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey","id":535274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":5223612,"text":"5223612 - 1988 - Hotshots, hotspots, and female preference in the organization of lek mating systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-02-17T15:42:07.836744","indexId":"5223612","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-01T12:19:04","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":740,"text":"American Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Hotshots, hotspots, and female preference in the organization of lek mating systems","docAbstract":"We critically review the female-preference and hotspot models, the two most widely accepted recent explanations of lek organization. On the basis of what we believe are the inadequacies of these models-too great a reliance on the presumed acuity of female discrimination, the assumption that females have full freedom of choice within the lek, and insufficient recognition of the importance of male-male interactions-we develop an alternative set of hypotheses, which we call the hotshot model, to explain the development and maintenance of lek behavior. Our model attributes strong male mating skew to the interaction between (1) simplified and conservative mating rules of females and (2) social dominance among males. We demonstrate the importance of male-male dominance relationships in lek and non-lek court mating systems. We then argue that a strong mating skew among males forces novice males entering a population to adopt a long-term mating strategy that involves delayed breeding (floating) and subordinate lek behavior. The structure of leks is created by a complex of malemale interactions, with conflict between hotshots (who attempt to control lek mating) and subordinates, who may benefit from disrupting lek activities. Explanations for the number of males in an arena and inter-arena distances are based on modifications of the hotspot and female-preference models. We suggest specific field tests to help distinguish which hypothesis best models the behavioral interactions that produce lek mating.
","language":"English","publisher":"University of Chicago Press","doi":"10.1086/284786","usgsCitation":"Beehler, B., and Foster, M.S., 1988, Hotshots, hotspots, and female preference in the organization of lek mating systems: American Naturalist, v. 131, no. 2, p. 203-219, https://doi.org/10.1086/284786.","productDescription":"17 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"219","numberOfPages":"17","costCenters":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":202202,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"131","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a54e4b07f02db62bdbf","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beehler, B. M.","contributorId":96805,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beehler","given":"B. M.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339070,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Foster, Mercedes S.","contributorId":72088,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Foster","given":"Mercedes","email":"","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":339069,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70122140,"text":"70122140 - 1988 - A high incidence of brown-headed cowbird parasitism of willow flycatchers","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-11-26T15:45:21.623464","indexId":"70122140","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-01T09:51:58","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A high incidence of brown-headed cowbird parasitism of willow flycatchers","docAbstract":"Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) parasitize both Willow (Empidonax traillii) and Alder (E. alnorum) flycatchers (Friedmann et al. 1977, Friedmann and Kiff 1985). These two flycatchers were considered a single species until 1973 (AOU 1973), which has masked information about the frequency with which each is parasitized. Whereas several studies of the superspecies (Traill's Flycatcher) have focused on or included details of cowbird parasitism, most were of eastern populations, and most reported frequencies of parasitism ≤21% (Hicks 1934, Berger 1951, Berger and Parmalee 1952, Walkinshaw 1966, Holcomb 1972). Friedmann et al. (1977:13) suggested that western populations (Willow Flycatchers) are parasitized only about half as much (ca. 10%) as eastern populations (Traill's Flycatcher superspecies). This note described a high rate of cowbird parasitism within a population of Willow Flycatchers in northcentral Colorado. We include details of responses to parasitism and host vs. cowbird fledgling success.","language":"English","publisher":"Oxford Academic","doi":"10.2307/1368461","usgsCitation":"Sedgwick, J., and Knopf, F., 1988, A high incidence of brown-headed cowbird parasitism of willow flycatchers: The Condor, v. 90, no. 1, p. 253-256, https://doi.org/10.2307/1368461.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"253","endPage":"256","numberOfPages":"4","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":293017,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"90","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"53fd9f40e4b0adaeea6c4dd4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Sedgwick, James A.","contributorId":55350,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sedgwick","given":"James A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":499440,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Knopf, Fritz L.","contributorId":30549,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Knopf","given":"Fritz L.","affiliations":[{"id":291,"text":"Fort Collins Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":499439,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70185904,"text":"70185904 - 1988 - Discussion of \"Wind function for a sheltered stream\"","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-17T17:10:58","indexId":"70185904","displayToPublicDate":"1988-02-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2255,"text":"Journal of Environmental Engineering","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Discussion of \"Wind function for a sheltered stream\"","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Society of Civil Engineers","doi":"10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1988)114:1(229)","usgsCitation":"Rathburn, R., 1988, Discussion of \"Wind function for a sheltered stream\": Journal of Environmental Engineering, v. 114, no. 1, p. 229-231, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1988)114:1(229).","productDescription":"3 p. ","startPage":"229","endPage":"231","costCenters":[{"id":589,"text":"Toxic Substances Hydrology Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":338645,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"114","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58dcc820e4b02ff32c685752","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Rathburn, R.E.","contributorId":47444,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Rathburn","given":"R.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":687047,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70208230,"text":"70208230 - 1988 - The Fox permafrost tunnel: A late Quaternary geologic record in central Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-31T10:24:29","indexId":"70208230","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-31T10:12:23","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The Fox permafrost tunnel: A late Quaternary geologic record in central Alaska","docAbstract":"The Fox permafrost tunnel, which penetrates 110 m into frozen sediments of Gold-stream valley, provides a continuous exposure of fossiliferous silt and alluvium above schistose bedrock. Deposition of fluvial gravel was followed by a long interval of loess accretion and permafrost aggradation that was punctuated by episodes of thaw and of gullying and redeposition of silt.
Imbricated sandy gravel above the bedrock contains lenses of finer alluvium that contain wood fragments and some rooted stumps. Radiocarbon dates indicate that the gravel is older than 40 ka, but absence of mature soil and weathering profiles at its upper contact indicates that fluvial activity must have continued until shortly before loess accretion began at the tunnel site.
Silt is the most widespread depositional unit in the tunnel. This deposit is of eolian origin (loess), but some has been redeposited by slope processes. The silt units contain abundant ground ice as pore filings, lenses, wedges, and buried pond ice. Loess accretion was interrupted by a period when little loess accumulated and when large ice wedges formed in the lower loess unit and subsequently were truncated by thaw. Loess began forming sometime before 40 ka and was rapidly accreting by 39 ka under xeric conditions with open vegetation. A sharply decreased rate of loess accretion associated with local erosion and thaw between about 36 and 30 ka is marked by anomalous cation concentration values, lenses of buried sod, fossils indicative of moist to wet substrates, and truncated ice wedges beneath small frozen ponds or streamlets that occupied ice-wedge troughs. A later episode of rapid loess influx under drier conditions began after 30 ka and coincided with glacial advances of late Wisconsin age in the adjoining Alaska Range. Large ice wedges also formed in the upper loess unit, but only their bases are exposed in the tunnel, and their history of development is uncertain.
Fanlike deposits of poorly sorted debris near the tunnel portal formed between about 12.5 and 11 ka during deep erosion of loess slopes under moister conditions. The deposits locally form two subunits: the younger over- whelmed a stand of tall willows on the floor of Goldstream valley between about 11.3 and 11.1 ka; the older may have formed about 1,000 yr earlier.
Stratigraphic records elsewhere in central Alaska indicate variable middle Wisconsin environments followed by colder and drier conditions that began between 30 and 25 ka and persisted until perhaps 12.5 ka. Widespread loess erosion and redeposition subsequently occurred under moister and probably warmer conditions. Renewed early Holocene loess deposition may have been widespread, but its exact environmental controls are uncertain.
Our data challenge three generally accepted concepts of late Quaternary periglacial processes in central Alaska. We contend that (1) many ice-wedge systems may have formed under interstadial conditions rather than full-glacial conditions, (2) episodes of rapid loess influx may have been partly out of phase with episodes of glacier expansion, and (3) redeposition of loess by solifluction, sheetwash, and gully formation may have been episodic and required conditions moister than those under which the loess initially accreted.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1988)100<0948:TFPTAL>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Hamilton, T.D., Craig, J., and Spellmann, P., 1988, The Fox permafrost tunnel: A late Quaternary geologic record in central Alaska: GSA Bulletin, v. 100, no. 6, p. 948-969, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1988)100<0948:TFPTAL>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"948","endPage":"969","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":371804,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Fox Permafrost Tunnel","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -148.46923828125,\n 64.28275952823394\n ],\n [\n -146.35986328124997,\n 64.28275952823394\n ],\n [\n -146.35986328124997,\n 65.11377184818937\n ],\n [\n -148.46923828125,\n 65.11377184818937\n ],\n [\n -148.46923828125,\n 64.28275952823394\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"100","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hamilton, T. D.","contributorId":36921,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hamilton","given":"T.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781091,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Craig, J.","contributorId":70100,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Craig","given":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Spellmann, P.V.","contributorId":222067,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Spellmann","given":"P.V.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":781093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207969,"text":"70207969 - 1988 - Stratigraphic evidence of Holocene faulting in the mid-continent: The Meers fault, southwestern Oklahoma","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-21T15:55:04","indexId":"70207969","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-21T15:32:53","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1723,"text":"GSA Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Stratigraphic evidence of Holocene faulting in the mid-continent: The Meers fault, southwestern Oklahoma","docAbstract":"Stratigraphic relations and ten 14C ages show that movement occurred on the Meers fault in late Holocene time. Movement on the fault postdates the Browns Creek Alluvium, which began to be deposited between 14,000 and 13,000 yr B.P., and predates the East Cache Alluvium, which was deposited between 800 and 100 yr B.P. Surface warping along the fault led to local stream incision on the upthrown side of the fault and deposition of slopewash and fan alluvium on the down-thrown side. Three 14C ages of charcoal and soil humus buried by fan alluvium indicate that faulting probably occurred between 1400 and 1100 yr B.P. The soil that formed in the fan alluvium is only slightly more developed than that in the East Cache Alluvium, and the weak development of both soils indicates a geologically recent age that is consistent with the radiocarbon ages obtained for these deposits.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0016-7606(1988)100<0392:SEOHFI>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Madole, R.F., 1988, Stratigraphic evidence of Holocene faulting in the mid-continent: The Meers fault, southwestern Oklahoma: GSA Bulletin, v. 100, no. 3, p. 392-401, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1988)100<0392:SEOHFI>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"392","endPage":"401","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371425,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Oklahoma","otherGeospatial":"The Meers fault, southwestern Oklahoma ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -100.008544921875,\n 36.19995805932895\n ],\n [\n -100.08544921874999,\n 34.53371242139564\n ],\n [\n -98.98681640625,\n 33.95247360616282\n ],\n [\n -98.360595703125,\n 33.988918483762156\n ],\n [\n -98.39355468749999,\n 34.732584206123626\n ],\n [\n -98.54736328125,\n 35.65729624809628\n ],\n [\n -98.89892578125,\n 36.12900165569652\n ],\n [\n -99.54711914062499,\n 36.2354121683998\n ],\n [\n -100.008544921875,\n 36.19995805932895\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"100","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Madole, Richard F. 0000-0002-9081-570X madole@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9081-570X","contributorId":1340,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Madole","given":"Richard","email":"madole@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"F.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779977,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70207902,"text":"70207902 - 1988 - Voluminous submarine lava flows from Hawaiian volcanoes ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-20T06:18:23","indexId":"70207902","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-17T13:09:52","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Voluminous submarine lava flows from Hawaiian volcanoes ","docAbstract":"The GLORIA long-range sonar imaging system has revealed fields of large lava flows in the Hawaiian Trough east and south of Hawaii in water as deep as 5.5 km. Flows in the most extensive field (110 km long) have erupted from the deep submarine segment of Kilauea's east rift zone. Other flows have been erupted from Loihi and Mauna Loa. This discovery confirms a suspicion, long held from subaerial studies, that voluminous submarine flows are erupted from Hawaiian volcanoes, and it supports an inference that summit calderas repeatedly collapse and fill at intervals of centuries to millenia owing to voluminous eruptions. These extensive flows differ greatly in form from pillow lavas found previously along shallower segments of the rift zones; therefore, revision of concepts of volcano stratigraphy and structure may be required.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0400:VSLFFH>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Holcomb, R.T., Moore, J.G., Lipman, P.W., and Belderson, R., 1988, Voluminous submarine lava flows from Hawaiian volcanoes : Geology, v. 16, no. 5, p. 400-404, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0400:VSLFFH>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"400","endPage":"404","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371357,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Hawaiian volcanoes","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -156.77490234375,\n 18.70869162255995\n ],\n [\n -154.44580078125,\n 18.70869162255995\n ],\n [\n -154.44580078125,\n 21.06399706324597\n ],\n [\n -156.77490234375,\n 21.06399706324597\n ],\n [\n -156.77490234375,\n 18.70869162255995\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holcomb, Robin T.","contributorId":46938,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holcomb","given":"Robin","email":"","middleInitial":"T.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779698,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779699,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Lipman, Peter W. 0000-0001-9175-6118 plipman@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9175-6118","contributorId":3486,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lipman","given":"Peter","email":"plipman@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":5079,"text":"Pacific Regional Director's Office","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779700,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Belderson, R.H.","contributorId":221677,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Belderson","given":"R.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779701,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70207901,"text":"70207901 - 1988 - Large-scale bedforms in boulder gravel produced by giant waves in Hawaii ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-17T13:09:14","indexId":"70207901","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-17T13:00:31","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1727,"text":"GSA Special Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Large-scale bedforms in boulder gravel produced by giant waves in Hawaii ","docAbstract":"Approximately 105,000 yr ago (based on uranium-series dating), waves in a giant wave train swept up to an elevation of about 375 m on the island of Lanai. The waves deposited the Hulopoe Gravel, which near the present shoreline consists of basalt boulders, coral fragments, and calcareous beachrock slabs, and near the upper limit of the deposit consists of sand and shell fragments. The maximum heights of similar but lower deposits on nearby islands, when adjusted for their estimated subsidence due to volcanic loading during the past 105,000 yr, indicate that the source of the wave was about 50 km southwest of Lanai. We hypothesize that failure and downward movement of the huge Lanai submarine landslide created an ocean disturbance, which produced waves that rushed across the Lanai reef and beach, picked up limestone and lava fragments, and deposited them high on the island as the Hulopoe Gravel. Backwash from the waves stripped soil and rock from the islands and carried much of it to the sea.
The Hulopoe Gravel is 8 m thick in a gulch 200 m inland from the Lanai shoreline, where it consists of three beds, successively, 2, 4, and 2 m thick. These beds are considered to have been laid down by successive waves in the wave train. Each bed consists of two units: a lower unit of basalt and limestone boulders, cobbles, and sand, and an upper bimodal unit of large basalt boulders with a pebbly sand matrix. These subunits are inferred to be deposited from the runup and backwash of each wave.
At the upper surface of the Hulopoe Gravel, basalt boulders averaging 0.5 m in diameter are arranged in dunelike ridges about 1 m high and 10 m apart. Nearby, where young streams have cut into and exposed the lower beds of the Hulopoe, clasts at the boundaries between the beds are locally imbricated and dip landward. We interpret these features as aspects of torrential flow and crossbedding created during the high-speed backwash of the great waves.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/SPE229-p101","usgsCitation":"Moore, G.W., and Moore, J.G., 1988, Large-scale bedforms in boulder gravel produced by giant waves in Hawaii : GSA Special Papers, v. 229, p. 101-110, https://doi.org/10.1130/SPE229-p101.","productDescription":"10 p.","startPage":"101","endPage":"110","costCenters":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371355,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Hawaii","otherGeospatial":"Southeastern Hawaiian Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -157.91748046875,\n 19.993998469485504\n ],\n [\n -155.45654296875,\n 19.993998469485504\n ],\n [\n -155.45654296875,\n 21.555284406923192\n ],\n [\n -157.91748046875,\n 21.555284406923192\n ],\n [\n -157.91748046875,\n 19.993998469485504\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"229","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Moore, G. W.","contributorId":87946,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"G.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779696,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Moore, James G. 0000-0002-7543-2401 jmoore@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7543-2401","contributorId":2892,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Moore","given":"James","email":"jmoore@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[{"id":617,"text":"Volcano Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779697,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70207882,"text":"70207882 - 1988 - Deformation along the northeast side of Blacktail Mountains salient, southwestern Montana ","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-01-16T13:56:02","indexId":"70207882","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-16T13:49:52","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1726,"text":"GSA Memoirs","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deformation along the northeast side of Blacktail Mountains salient, southwestern Montana ","docAbstract":"The Blacktail Mountains salient is a convex-eastward area of stacked Laramide-age thrust faults that trend north and dip west at moderate angles. The thrusts occur in Mississippian to Cretaceous strata above a basement of Archean metamorphic rocks. The northern margin of the salient is delimited by the Jake Canyon fault, a northwest-trending, northeast-dipping Laramide reverse fault. During the Laramide orogeny, the fault formed a common boundary of the present-day Blacktail Mountains and a structural high that existed in the area of the present-day valley of Blacktail Deer Creek. The fault juxtaposed Archean metamorphic rocks upon Phanerozoic strata in the northwest-era half of its extent, and against other Archean metamorphic rocks in the southeastern half. General structural relationships and study of small-scale structures in local areas show that movement along the Jake Canyon fault caused deformation of the north-trending thrust faults and associated folds. During Cenozoic extensional faulting, the Blacktail fault developed northeast of the Jake Canyon fault, and generally delimits the southwestern side of the basin of sedimentary rocks that lies beneath the valley of Blacktail Deer Creek.
","language":"English","publisher":"GSA","doi":"10.1130/MEM171-p203","usgsCitation":"Tysdal, R.G., 1988, Deformation along the northeast side of Blacktail Mountains salient, southwestern Montana : GSA Memoirs, v. 171, p. 203-215, https://doi.org/10.1130/MEM171-p203.","productDescription":"13 p.","startPage":"203","endPage":"215","costCenters":[{"id":171,"text":"Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371319,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Idaho, Montana","otherGeospatial":"Northeast side of Blacktail Mountains ","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -113.26904296874999,\n 43.78695837311561\n ],\n [\n -111.55517578125,\n 43.78695837311561\n ],\n [\n -111.55517578125,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -113.26904296874999,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n -113.26904296874999,\n 43.78695837311561\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"171","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Tysdal, Russell G.","contributorId":1700,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Tysdal","given":"Russell","email":"","middleInitial":"G.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":779627,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70207840,"text":"70207840 - 1988 - Friction of ice","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-07-07T15:27:24.128613","indexId":"70207840","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-15T13:16:59","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2314,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Friction of ice","docAbstract":"The frictional strength of ice seems to be well below that for all other rocks. Triaxial testing of cylinders of pure water ice containing a 45° inclined sawcut, at temperatures of 77 ≤ T ≤ 115 K and confining pressures 0.1 ≤ P ≤ 250 MPa, reveals the frictional laws τ = 0.20 σn + 8.3 MPa for P ≥ 10 MPa and τ = 0.55 σn + 1.0 MPa for P ≤ 5 MPa, where τ and σn are the shear and normal stresses on the sawcut surface. Friction is independent of T and, over the one order of magnitude tested, of average sliding velocity. The sliding behavior is invariably stick slip. Examination of sliding surfaces shows only minor gouge development. A curious arrangement of densely packed short vertical fractures occurs primarily in samples with anomalously low strength. These results apply to models of near‐surface tectonic activity on Jupiter's three large icy moons, Europa, Callisto, and Ganymede. They indicate, for example, that a global expansion on Ganymede of 3 linear percent will cause extensional movement on preexisting faults at depths to 7±3 km.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB093iB07p07625","usgsCitation":"Beeman, M.L., Durham, W., and Kirby, S.H., 1988, Friction of ice: Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth, v. 93, no. B7, p. 7625-7633, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB07p07625.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"7625","endPage":"7633","costCenters":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371268,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"B7","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Beeman, M. L.","contributorId":101392,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beeman","given":"M.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779491,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Durham, W.B.","contributorId":72135,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Durham","given":"W.B.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779492,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Kirby, Stephen H. 0000-0003-1636-4688 skirby@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1636-4688","contributorId":2752,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kirby","given":"Stephen","email":"skirby@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[{"id":237,"text":"Earthquake Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779493,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70207805,"text":"70207805 - 1988 - A paleomagnetic investigation of rocks from the Ohio Range and the Dry Valleys, Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-24T15:11:56.612494","indexId":"70207805","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-14T12:14:26","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2869,"text":"New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"A paleomagnetic investigation of rocks from the Ohio Range and the Dry Valleys, Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica","docAbstract":"Two well-defined virtual geomagnetic poles (VGPs) for East Antarctica were obtained from the Middle Jurassic Ferrar Dolerite, sampled from a thick sill on Mt Schopf in the Ohio Range, and from a horizontal sheet intruding Paleozoic granitic rocks at Mt Cerberus in the Dry Valleys. The VGP from the sill at Mt Schopf lies at lat. 58°.0S, long. 129°.0W (dm=13°, dp=12°), and the VGP from Mt Cerberus lies at lat. 57°.8S, long. 135°.7W (dm=6°, dp=6°). Rocks from both localities have normal polarity magnetisations. These data, together with 15 other acceptable pole positions reported in the literature, define a Middle Jurassic paleomagnetic pole at 52°.7S, 139°.6W (α95=4°.4), which is not significantly different from previously reported mean Middle Jurassic paleomagnetic poles from East Antarctica.
Paleomagnetic investigations in the Ohio Range of mafic inclusions in Ordovician granitic and sedimentary rocks of Devonian and Permian ages found that the rocks are magnetically unstable and are unreliable for determining a paleomagnetic pole.
","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis Group","doi":"10.1080/00288306.1988.10417811","usgsCitation":"Kellogg, K.S., 1988, A paleomagnetic investigation of rocks from the Ohio Range and the Dry Valleys, Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica: New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, v. 31, no. 1, p. 77-85, https://doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1988.10417811.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"77","endPage":"85","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science 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Karl S. 0000-0002-6536-9066 kkellogg@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6536-9066","contributorId":1206,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Kellogg","given":"Karl","email":"kkellogg@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"S.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779393,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70207777,"text":"70207777 - 1988 - Sediment deposition in the Late Holocene abyssal Black Sea with climatic and chronological implications","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-18T15:23:40.517093","indexId":"70207777","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-10T10:32:46","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1369,"text":"Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sediment deposition in the Late Holocene abyssal Black Sea with climatic and chronological implications","docAbstract":"The temporal sedimentary patterns in the Late Holocene central eastern and western Black Sea are very similar. The sedimentary history was most visibly affected by the coccolithophorid species Emiliania huxleyi which briefly invaded the Black Sea for the first time (“First Invasion Period”), nearly disappeared again shortly afterwards (“Transition Sapropel”), but returned permanently several centuries later (“Final Invasion Period”). The temporary near-disappearance of E. huxleyi was probably caused by a temporary drop in salinity. Accumulation of E. huxleyi was on average about 40% higher in the western than in the eastern Black Sea. Highest coccolithophorid production occurred basin-wide during part of the Little Ice Age. The accumulation of terrigenous matter was generally higher in the eastern than in the western Black Sea by about 20%.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/S0198-0149(10)80031-7","usgsCitation":"Hay, B., Arthur, M., Dean, W.E., Neff, E., and Honjo, S., 1988, Sediment deposition in the Late Holocene abyssal Black Sea with climatic and chronological implications: Deep Sea Research Part A, Oceanographic Research Papers, v. 38, no. 2, p. 1211-1235, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0198-0149(10)80031-7.","productDescription":"25 p.","startPage":"1211","endPage":"1235","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":371151,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"otherGeospatial":"Black Sea","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 28.212890625,\n 43.644025847699496\n ],\n [\n 27.0703125,\n 42.68243539838623\n ],\n [\n 27.773437499999996,\n 41.57436130598913\n ],\n [\n 30.234375,\n 40.68063802521456\n ],\n [\n 33.3984375,\n 41.83682786072714\n ],\n [\n 35.244140625,\n 41.73852846935917\n ],\n [\n 36.8701171875,\n 40.91351257612758\n ],\n [\n 38.8916015625,\n 40.68063802521456\n ],\n [\n 40.78125,\n 40.91351257612758\n ],\n [\n 41.7919921875,\n 41.44272637767212\n ],\n [\n 42.275390625,\n 42.32606244456202\n ],\n [\n 40.7373046875,\n 43.8028187190472\n ],\n [\n 37.3974609375,\n 45.30580259943578\n ],\n [\n 38.6279296875,\n 46.042735653846506\n ],\n [\n 38.4521484375,\n 46.58906908309182\n ],\n [\n 39.6826171875,\n 47.21956811231547\n ],\n [\n 39.0234375,\n 47.338822694822\n ],\n [\n 36.9140625,\n 47.18971246448421\n ],\n [\n 34.4091796875,\n 46.6795944656402\n ],\n [\n 33.75,\n 46.13417004624326\n ],\n [\n 32.431640625,\n 46.255846818480315\n ],\n [\n 32.0361328125,\n 46.86019101567027\n ],\n [\n 30.8935546875,\n 46.70973594407157\n ],\n [\n 29.794921874999996,\n 46.07323062540835\n ],\n [\n 29.091796875,\n 45.583289756006316\n ],\n [\n 29.0478515625,\n 45.089035564831036\n ],\n [\n 28.256835937499996,\n 44.84029065139799\n ],\n [\n 28.4765625,\n 43.96119063892024\n ],\n [\n 28.212890625,\n 43.644025847699496\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"38","issue":"2","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hay, B.J.","contributorId":51772,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hay","given":"B.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779288,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Arthur, M.A.","contributorId":24791,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Arthur","given":"M.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779289,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dean, Walter E. dean@usgs.gov","contributorId":1801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Walter","email":"dean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779290,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Neff, E.D.","contributorId":221611,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Neff","given":"E.D.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779291,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Honjo, S.","contributorId":97227,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Honjo","given":"S.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779292,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5}]}} ,{"id":70207747,"text":"70207747 - 1988 - Pyrite formation in the Lower Cretaceous Mowry Shale: Effect of organic matter type and reactive iron content","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2020-06-18T15:41:02.501163","indexId":"70207747","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-09T11:15:54","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":732,"text":"American Journal of Science","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Pyrite formation in the Lower Cretaceous Mowry Shale: Effect of organic matter type and reactive iron content","docAbstract":"Geochemical analysis of the Lower Cretaceous Mowry Shale in Wyoming and Montana shows that organic matter type and reactive iron content limited pyrite formation during early diagenesis. Consequently, direct interpretation of paleosalinity cannot be made from a carbon/sulfur plot. Mowry Shale samples with hydrogen index (HI) less than 150 (mg hydrocarbon/ organic carbon) contain low amounts of sulfur. In these samples, bacterial reduction of sulfate may have been inhabited by low nutritive content of the organic matter. For Mowry samples with HI greater than 150 there is a range of sulfur values and a positive correlation between iron and sulfur. The iron sulfur regression is approximately parallel to the stoichiometric pyrite line and intersects the iron axis at 0.5 percent. On average, 60 percent of the iron present was nonreactive; the remaining iron reacted with sulfide to form pyrite. For samples with HI greater than 150, pyrite formation was limited by sulfide or organic carbon content but by reactive iron content. In one modern setting, where salinity is greater than one-half normal seawater, sulfate content does not limit pyrite formation (Berner and Raiswell, 1984). From this analysis then, it can be estimated that the Mowry Sea was not a fresh water body but was either of normal marine salinity or contained brackish water with greater than one-half normal salinity.
","language":"English","publisher":"Kline Geology Laboratory","doi":"10.2475/ajs.288.9.873","usgsCitation":"Davis, H.R., Byers, C.W., and Dean, W.E., 1988, Pyrite formation in the Lower Cretaceous Mowry Shale: Effect of organic matter type and reactive iron content: American Journal of Science, v. 288, p. 873-890, https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.288.9.873.","productDescription":"18 p.","startPage":"873","endPage":"890","costCenters":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":479990,"rank":0,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.288.9.873","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":371106,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Wyoming","otherGeospatial":"Mowry 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\"}}]}","volume":"288","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Davis, Hugh R.","contributorId":221617,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Davis","given":"Hugh","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779172,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Byers, Charles W.","contributorId":221618,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Byers","given":"Charles","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":779173,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Dean, Walter E. dean@usgs.gov","contributorId":1801,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dean","given":"Walter","email":"dean@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":318,"text":"Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":779174,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":15379,"text":"ofr88464 - 1988 - Direct-current resistivity data from 94 sites in northeastern Palm Beach County, Florida","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2022-01-05T12:25:59.881854","indexId":"ofr88464","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-03T22:05:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":18,"text":"Report"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":5,"text":"USGS Numbered Series"},"seriesTitle":{"id":330,"text":"Open-File Report","code":"OFR","onlineIssn":"2331-1258","printIssn":"0196-1497","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":5}},"seriesNumber":"88-464","title":"Direct-current resistivity data from 94 sites in northeastern Palm Beach County, Florida","docAbstract":"Direct-current resistivity data were collected from 94 vertical electric sounding profiles in northeastern Palm Beach County, Florida. Direct-current resistivity data, which may be used to determine the location and thicknesses of shallow, semipermeable marls or locate zones of high chloride concentration, are presented in this report. The resistivity data consist of field data, smoothed data, layer resistivity from smoothed data, and Cartesian graphs of resistivity in relation to depth for 94 sites located in northeastern Palm Beach County. (USGS)","language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Geological Survey","doi":"10.3133/ofr88464","usgsCitation":"Peterson, C.J., 1988, Direct-current resistivity data from 94 sites in northeastern Palm Beach County, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-464, iv, 101 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr88464.","productDescription":"iv, 101 p.","numberOfPages":"101","costCenters":[{"id":27821,"text":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":147550,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0464/report-thumb.jpg"},{"id":44278,"rank":299,"type":{"id":11,"text":"Document"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/1988/0464/ofr88464.pdf","text":"Report","size":"1.43 MB","linkFileType":{"id":1,"text":"pdf"},"description":"OFR 88-464"}],"country":"United States","state":"Florida","county":"Palm Beach County","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -80.496826171875,\n 26.31311263768267\n ],\n [\n -79.8486328125,\n 26.31311263768267\n ],\n [\n -79.8486328125,\n 27.039556602163195\n ],\n [\n -80.496826171875,\n 27.039556602163195\n ],\n [\n -80.496826171875,\n 26.31311263768267\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","contact":"Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center
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3321 College Avenue
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