Chamaebatiaria and Chamaebatia, two characteristic genera of the Californian floristic province, are traditionally placed in different subfamilies of Rosaceae, Spiraeoideae and Rosoideae, respectively. Analysis of the foliar and reproductive characters of the extant species of these genera indicates that the two genera could be closely related and the assignment of Chamaebatia to Rosoideae invalid. Fossil leaves of lineages of both genera occur in the Paleogene montane floras of the Rocky Mountain region and provide evidence that the two lineages diverged from a common ancestor in the Eocene. The common ancestor probably was adapted to sunny habitats in mesic coniferous forest, and, during the post-Eocene, the two lineages were able to adapt to progressively drier climates. A third extant genus, the east Asian Sorbaria, also appears to be closely related to the California genera and to have been derived from the same common ancestor. New taxa and combinations proposed are: St onebergia columbiana. n. gen. and n. sp.; Salmonensea prefoliolosa (R. W. Br.), n. gen. and n. comb.; Stockeya creedensis (R. W. Br.), n. gen. and n. comb.; Stockeya montana, n. sp.; and Sorbaria wahrhaftigii, n. sp.
","language":"English","publisher":"Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden","doi":"10.5642/aliso.19881201.14","usgsCitation":"Wolfe, J.A., and Wehr, W., 1988, Rosaceous Chamaebatiaria-like foliage from the Paleogene of western North America: Aliso, v. 12, no. 1, p. 177-200, https://doi.org/10.5642/aliso.19881201.14.","productDescription":"24 p.","startPage":"177","endPage":"200","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480534,"rank":1,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5642/aliso.19881201.14","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":225948,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"12","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aae8de4b0c8380cd87115","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wolfe, Jack A.","contributorId":102474,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wolfe","given":"Jack","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368041,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Wehr, Wesley","contributorId":50582,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wehr","given":"Wesley","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368040,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014369,"text":"70014369 - 1988 - The metal oxide fraction of pelagic sediment in the equatorial North Pacific Ocean: A source of metals in ferromanganese nodules","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-03T16:18:41.285508","indexId":"70014369","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"The metal oxide fraction of pelagic sediment in the equatorial North Pacific Ocean: A source of metals in ferromanganese nodules","docAbstract":"Pelagic sediment recovered at DOMES Site A in the equatorial North Pacific (151°W, 9° 15′N) consists of a surface homogeneous layer, approximately 10 cm thick, overlying a strongly mottled layer that is lighter in color. The radiolarian composition of both units is Quaternary. In areas where this sediment was only a few centimeters thick, the underlying sediment was early Tertiary. Clay mineralogy and major oxide composition of the two Quaternary sediments are uniform. Their similarity to continental shale suggests that the sediment has a terrigenous source. Clay mineralogy and major oxide composition of the Tertiary sediment also are uniform, although they differ markedly from the Quarternary sediment.
In contrast to the major oxides, concentrations of Mn, Co, Cu, and Ni soluble in hydroxylamine hydrochlorideacetic acid are strongly different in the surface and subsurface Quaternary sediment. Mn and Ni exhibit pronounced depletions in the subsurface sediment, Ni slightly more than Mn. Cu is also depleted in the subsurface sediment, but less than Mn. It is also depleted in the subsurface Tertiary sediment, whereas the Mn concentration remains high. Concentration of Co relative to Mn increases into the subsurface Quaternary sediment to a constant Co:Mn ratio of 3 × 10−2. The trivalent REE (the REE exclusive of Ce) and Fe exhibit little down-core variation.
Distribution of elements in these sediments is closely related to their concentration in associated surface ferromanganese nodules. The nodules are of two distinct types: those from the area where the Quaternary sediment is relatively thick have δ-MnO2 as the dominant manganese mineral. The ratios of Ni:Mn, Cu:Mn, and Fe:Mn in these nodules approximate the corresponding ratios of the soluble fraction of surface sediment. Todorokite is the dominant mineral of nodules recovered from areas where the Quaternary sediment is thin. Relatively high Cu/Mn, Ni/Mn, and low Fe/Mn ratios of these nodules mirror differences between the soluble fraction of surface and subsurface Quaternary sediment. These compositional trends of sediment and nodules at DOMES Site A reflect a diagenetic origin for the todorokite nodules and a predominantly hydrogenous origin for the δ-MnO2 nodules.
","language":"English","publisher":"Elsevier","doi":"10.1016/0016-7037(88)90193-7","issn":"00167037","usgsCitation":"Piper, D., 1988, The metal oxide fraction of pelagic sediment in the equatorial North Pacific Ocean: A source of metals in ferromanganese nodules: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 52, no. 8, p. 2127-2145, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(88)90193-7.","productDescription":"19 p.","startPage":"2127","endPage":"2145","numberOfPages":"19","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225310,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"52","issue":"8","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505badcbe4b08c986b323df4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Piper, D.Z.","contributorId":34154,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Piper","given":"D.Z.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":368233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70014816,"text":"70014816 - 1988 - New trend- trigonometric model for interpolation and prediction of the geomagnetic field utilizing the new DGRF models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-25T00:03:54.520529","indexId":"70014816","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":2310,"text":"Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"New trend- trigonometric model for interpolation and prediction of the geomagnetic field utilizing the new DGRF models","docAbstract":"At the IUGG Assembly at Vancouver during August 1987 new definitive geomagnetic reference field (DGRF) models to degree 10 for 1945, 1950, 1955, and 1960 were adopted by IAGA. Before these new DGRF models were accepted, the author developed a trend and trigonometric model (old trig model) based on the models IGRF 1945, IGRF 1950, IGRF 1955, IGRF 1960, DGRF 1965, DGRF 1970, DGRF 1975, DGRF 1980, and IGRF 1985, which were all approved by IAGA in Prague in August 1985. The old trig model consists of 720 trend and trigonometric coefficients for the calculation of spherical harmonic coefficients (SHC) only to degree eight because the early IGRF models were truncated there. These trend and Fourier sine coefficients can replace the equal number of SHC contained in the 9 DGRF-IGRF models.
","language":"English","publisher":"J-STAGE","doi":"10.5636/jgg.40.749","usgsCitation":"Alldredge, L., 1988, New trend- trigonometric model for interpolation and prediction of the geomagnetic field utilizing the new DGRF models: Journal of Geomagnetism & Geoelectricity, v. 40, no. 6, p. 749-759, https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.40.749.","productDescription":"11 p.","startPage":"749","endPage":"759","numberOfPages":"11","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":480023,"rank":2,"type":{"id":40,"text":"Open Access Publisher Index Page"},"url":"https://doi.org/10.5636/jgg.40.749","text":"Publisher Index Page"},{"id":226182,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"40","issue":"6","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a661ce4b0c8380cd72d18","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Alldredge, L.R.","contributorId":53457,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Alldredge","given":"L.R.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70013770,"text":"70013770 - 1988 - High-resolution 40Ar 39Ar chronology of Oligocene volcanic rocks, San Juan Mountains, Colorado","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-04-03T16:17:04.506734","indexId":"70013770","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1759,"text":"Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"displayTitle":"High-resolution 40Ar 39Ar chronology of Oligocene volcanic rocks, San Juan Mountains, Colorado","title":"High-resolution 40Ar 39Ar chronology of Oligocene volcanic rocks, San Juan Mountains, Colorado","docAbstract":"The central San Juan caldera complex consists of seven calderas from which eight major ash-flow tuffs were erupted during a period of intense volcanic activity that lasted for approximately 2 m.y. about 26–28 Ma. The analytical precision of conventional K-Ar dating in this time interval is not sufficient to unambiguously resolve this complex history. However,
Phalaropes demonstrate considerable plasticity in their choice of foraging habitats. The Red Phalarope (Phalaropus fulicaria) alternates use of pelagic environments in winter and migration (Taning 1933, Stanford 1953, Briggs et al 1984) with wet tundra habitats during the breeding season (Kistchinski 1975, Mayfield 1979, Ridley 1980). Foods available and taken in littoral zones of the Arctic Ocean in fall have been identified (Conners and Risebrough 1978, Johnson and Richardson 1980), but otherwise little attention has been devoted to the transition between the marine and terrestrial periods of the Red Phalarope’s life history. We report phalarope use of littoral areas during spring in the northern Bering Sea and Kongkok Bay, St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. In addition, we describe phalarope foraging tactics and foods available in the sur zone, emphasizing this form of littoral foraging as an opportunistic and facultative feeding strategy.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1368368","usgsCitation":"Haney, J.C., and Stone, A.E., 1988, Littoral foraging by red phalaropes during spring in the northern Bering Sea: The Condor, v. 90, no. 3, p. 723-726, https://doi.org/10.2307/1368368.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"723","endPage":"726","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335799,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea, Kongkok Bay, St. Lawrence Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -172.03765869140625,\n 63.23671957962712\n ],\n [\n -171.31668090820312,\n 63.23671957962712\n ],\n [\n -171.31668090820312,\n 63.51611274790964\n ],\n [\n -172.03765869140625,\n 63.51611274790964\n ],\n [\n -172.03765869140625,\n 63.23671957962712\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}\n","volume":"90","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a819bae4b025c46429aff8","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haney, J. Christopher","contributorId":48043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":669818,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Stone, Amy E.","contributorId":181864,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Stone","given":"Amy","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[{"id":6752,"text":"University of Alaska Fairbanks","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":669819,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003470,"text":"1003470 - 1988 - Integrated aeration systems","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:23","indexId":"1003470","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3196,"text":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Integrated aeration systems","docAbstract":"Abstract has not been submitted","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Progressive Fish-Culturist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service","usgsCitation":"Dawson, V.K., and Marking, L.L., 1988, Integrated aeration systems: Progressive Fish-Culturist, v. 50, no. 1, p. 62-63.","productDescription":"pp. 62-63","startPage":"62","endPage":"63","numberOfPages":"2","costCenters":[{"id":606,"text":"Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131131,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"50","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dde4b07f02db5e1f2d","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dawson, V. K.","contributorId":48900,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dawson","given":"V.","email":"","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313356,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Marking, L. L.","contributorId":90661,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Marking","given":"L.","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":313357,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1004070,"text":"1004070 - 1988 - Effects of zinc smelter emissions on farms and gardens at Palmerton, Pennsylvania","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-02-02T00:04:20","indexId":"1004070","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":12,"text":"Conference publication"},"seriesTitle":{"id":448,"text":"Trace Substances in Environmental Health","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":12}},"title":"Effects of zinc smelter emissions on farms and gardens at Palmerton, Pennsylvania","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Trace Substances in Environmental Health","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","usgsCitation":"Chaney, R.L., Beyer, W., Gifford, C., and Sileo, L., 1988, Effects of zinc smelter emissions on farms and gardens at Palmerton, Pennsylvania: Trace Substances in Environmental Health, v. 22, p. 263-280.","productDescription":"p. 263-280","startPage":"263","endPage":"280","numberOfPages":"18","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":131110,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"22","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a26e4b07f02db60fa9b","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chaney, R. L.","contributorId":81851,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chaney","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315094,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Beyer, W. N. 0000-0002-8911-9141","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8911-9141","contributorId":55379,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Beyer","given":"W. N.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315093,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Gifford, C.H.","contributorId":99934,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Gifford","given":"C.H.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315095,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Sileo, L.","contributorId":46895,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Sileo","given":"L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":315092,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70181867,"text":"70181867 - 1988 - Foraging by northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) at a nearshore, anticyclonic tidal eddy in the northern Bering Sea, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-14T16:40:17","indexId":"70181867","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1272,"text":"Colonial Waterbirds","printIssn":"07386028","active":false,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Foraging by northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) at a nearshore, anticyclonic tidal eddy in the northern Bering Sea, Alaska","docAbstract":"Northern Fulmars (Fulmar glacialis) fed on ice-associated macrofauna (probably gammarid amphipods) and pinniped offal concentrated by convergent flow at an eddy boundary near Northwest Cape on St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. The eddy was anticyclonic, measured approximately 1.5 by 2.25 km, and was generated by nearshore streaming induced by the cape’s topography during lesser flood stage of the tidal cycle. These favorable feeding conditions persisted only for a few hours on a single day (22 May 1987). Like man-assisted scavenging, this observation suggests that natural feeding by fulmars can be highly opportunistic and time-dependent.
","language":"English","publisher":"The Waterbird Society","doi":"10.2307/1521017","usgsCitation":"Haney, J.C., 1988, Foraging by northern fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) at a nearshore, anticyclonic tidal eddy in the northern Bering Sea, Alaska: Colonial Waterbirds, v. 11, p. 318-321, https://doi.org/10.2307/1521017.","productDescription":"4 p.","startPage":"318","endPage":"321","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335418,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Bering Sea, Northwest Cape, St. Lawrence Island","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -174.5068359375,\n 62.186013857194226\n ],\n [\n -164.4873046875,\n 62.186013857194226\n ],\n [\n -164.4873046875,\n 67.1016555307692\n ],\n [\n -174.5068359375,\n 67.1016555307692\n ],\n [\n -174.5068359375,\n 62.186013857194226\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"11","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a4254ae4b0c825128ad4db","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Haney, J. Christopher","contributorId":48043,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Haney","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"Christopher","affiliations":[{"id":6654,"text":"USFWS","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":668870,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1013838,"text":"1013838 - 1988 - Chronic toxicity of tributyltin to Chesapeak Bay biota","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2013-02-19T10:21:51","indexId":"1013838","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3728,"text":"Water, Air, & Soil Pollution","onlineIssn":"1573-2932","printIssn":"0049-6979","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Chronic toxicity of tributyltin to Chesapeak Bay biota","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Water, Air, and Soil Pollution","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF00279481","collaboration":"89-006/FH","usgsCitation":"Hall, L.W., Bushong, S.J., Ziegenfuss, M., Johnson, W., Herman, R.L., and Wright, D., 1988, Chronic toxicity of tributyltin to Chesapeak Bay biota: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v. 39, no. 3-4, p. 365-376, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00279481.","productDescription":"p. 365-376","startPage":"365","endPage":"376","numberOfPages":"12","costCenters":[{"id":365,"text":"Leetown Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132026,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"},{"id":267649,"type":{"id":10,"text":"Digital Object Identifier"},"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279481"}],"volume":"39","issue":"3-4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e49dde4b07f02db5e1f8f","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hall, L. W. Jr.","contributorId":6010,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hall","given":"L.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319312,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bushong, S. J.","contributorId":71927,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bushong","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319317,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Ziegenfuss, M.C.","contributorId":57797,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Ziegenfuss","given":"M.C.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319316,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Johnson, W.E.","contributorId":33276,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"W.E.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319315,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Herman, R. L.","contributorId":21101,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Herman","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319314,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Wright, D.A.","contributorId":15568,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Wright","given":"D.A.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":319313,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":1016549,"text":"1016549 - 1988 - [Book Review] Building Models for Conservation and Wildlife Management, by A. M. Starfield and A. L. Bleloch","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-12-27T12:58:24","indexId":"1016549","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3111,"text":"Prairie Naturalist","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"[Book Review] Building Models for Conservation and Wildlife Management, by A. M. Starfield and A. L. Bleloch","docAbstract":"Review of: Building Models for Conservation and Wildlife Management. By Anthony Starfield and A. L. Bleloch. New York: Macmillan; London: Collier Macmillan, 1986. ISBN: 002948040X. xi, 253 p.: ill.; 25 cm.","largerWorkType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"largerWorkTitle":"Prairie Naturalist","largerWorkSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"language":"English","publisher":"South Dakota State University","publisherLocation":"Brookings, SD","usgsCitation":"Johnson, D.H., 1988, [Book Review] Building Models for Conservation and Wildlife Management, by A. M. Starfield and A. L. Bleloch: Prairie Naturalist, v. 20, no. 3, p. 171-172.","productDescription":"2 p.","startPage":"171","endPage":"172","costCenters":[{"id":480,"text":"Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132507,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"20","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4a08e4b07f02db5fa331","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Johnson, Douglas H. 0000-0002-7778-6641","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7778-6641","contributorId":70327,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Johnson","given":"Douglas","email":"","middleInitial":"H.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":324365,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70182148,"text":"70182148 - 1988 - Colony attendance and population monitoring of Black-legged Kittiwakes on the Semidi Islands, Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-16T16:14:46","indexId":"70182148","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":3551,"text":"The Condor","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Colony attendance and population monitoring of Black-legged Kittiwakes on the Semidi Islands, Alaska","docAbstract":"Patterns of colony attendance in Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) were studied over 5 years on the Semidi Islands, western Gulf of Alaska. A census period of 50 days, extending from first egg laying through final hatching, was appropriate because counts made then were subject to the least amount of daily variation. Five counts during that period were sufficient to detect a 25% change in numbers between years; counts made on all 50 days of the census period would detect a 5 to 7% change. There was little evidence for seasonal trends or serial correlation of counts during the census period, but attendance was negatively correlated with wind speed. Half of an apparent 17% increase in population between 1980 and 1981 was due to birds spending more time at their nest sites in the latter year, thereby increasing the mean of attendance counts. Despite such difficulties in the interpretation of attendance counts, birds were considered to be better counting units for population monitoring than nests, because nest densities were subject to large annual fluctuations in breeding effort.
","language":"English","publisher":"Cooper Ornithological Society","doi":"10.2307/1368350","usgsCitation":"Hatch, S.A., and Hatch, M.A., 1988, Colony attendance and population monitoring of Black-legged Kittiwakes on the Semidi Islands, Alaska: The Condor, v. 90, no. 3, p. 613-620, https://doi.org/10.2307/1368350.","productDescription":"8 p.","startPage":"613","endPage":"620","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335797,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Gulf of Alaska, Semidi Islands","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -157.01385498046875,\n 55.93535636234868\n ],\n [\n -156.46453857421872,\n 55.93535636234868\n ],\n [\n -156.46453857421872,\n 56.30587237022282\n ],\n [\n -157.01385498046875,\n 56.30587237022282\n ],\n [\n -157.01385498046875,\n 55.93535636234868\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"90","issue":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a6c85ce4b025c464286319","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Hatch, Scott A. 0000-0002-0064-8187 shatch@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0064-8187","contributorId":2625,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Hatch","given":"Scott","email":"shatch@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":116,"text":"Alaska Science Center Biology MFEB","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":669792,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Hatch, Martha A.","contributorId":181576,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Hatch","given":"Martha","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":669793,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70181858,"text":"70181858 - 1988 - Sedimentology of the Argo and Gascoyne abyssal plains, NW Australia: Report on Ocean Drilling Program Leg 123 (Sept. 1–Nov. 1, 1988)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2017-02-14T16:07:10","indexId":"70181858","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1184,"text":"Carbonates and Evaporites","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sedimentology of the Argo and Gascoyne abyssal plains, NW Australia: Report on Ocean Drilling Program Leg 123 (Sept. 1–Nov. 1, 1988)","docAbstract":"Ocean Drilling Program Leg 123 drilled two sites in the Indian Ocean in order to study the rifting and early spreading of one of the world’s oldest ocean basins.
Site 765 was drilled in 5714 meters of water on the Argo Abyssal Plain northwest of Australia. The sedimentary succession records the opening of an ocean basin, from the first sediments deposited atop young oceanic crust, to the present day. The oldest sediments are microlaminated brown silty claystones, locally rich in calcareous bioclasts. Most of the sequence is dominated by turbidites (primarily calcareous) which probably originated within canyons cut into the margin of the drowned platform of the North West Shelf of Australia.
Site 766 is located in 3998 meters of water, at the base of the steep western margin of the Exmouth Plateau. The oldest sediments penetrated are glauconitic, volcaniclastic, and bioclastic sandstones and siltstones, which are interbedded with inclined basaltic sills. These sediments were deposited by a prograding submarine fan system which shed shallow marine sediments westward or northwestward off of the western rim of the Exmouth Plateau. Sandstones are succeeded by silty claystones, recording gradual abandonment or redirection of the fan system. An overlying sequence of pelagic and hemipelagic clayey and zeolitic calcareous oozes and chalks is succeeded by featureless and homogeneous pelagic nannofossil oozes.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer","doi":"10.1007/BF03175117","usgsCitation":"Thurow, J., 1988, Sedimentology of the Argo and Gascoyne abyssal plains, NW Australia: Report on Ocean Drilling Program Leg 123 (Sept. 1–Nov. 1, 1988): Carbonates and Evaporites, v. 3, p. 201-212, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03175117.","productDescription":"12 p.","startPage":"201","endPage":"212","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":335416,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Australia","otherGeospatial":"Argo abyssal plain, Gascoyne abyssal plain","volume":"3","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-12-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58a4254ae4b0c825128ad4dd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Thurow, Jurgen","contributorId":181613,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Thurow","given":"Jurgen","email":"","affiliations":[{"id":27707,"text":"University of Tubingen, Germany","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":668844,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":70182587,"text":"70182587 - 1988 - Sandstone petrographic evidence and the Chugach-Prince William terrane boundary in southern Alaska","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2021-04-06T15:24:40.721322","indexId":"70182587","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1796,"text":"Geology","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Sandstone petrographic evidence and the Chugach-Prince William terrane boundary in southern Alaska","docAbstract":"The contact between the Upper Cretaceous Valdez Group and the Paleocene and Eocene Orca Group has been inferred to be the boundary between the Chugach and the Prince William tectonostratigraphic terranes. Sandstone petrographic data from the Prince William Sound area show no compositional discontinuity across this contact. These data are best explained by considering the Valdez and Orca Groups to be part of a single terrane - a thick flysch sequence derived primarily from a progressively unroofing magmatic arc with increasing input from subduction-complex sources through time.
","language":"English","publisher":"Geological Society of America","doi":"10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0456:SPEATC>2.3.CO;2","usgsCitation":"Dumoulin, J.A., 1988, Sandstone petrographic evidence and the Chugach-Prince William terrane boundary in southern Alaska: Geology, v. 16, no. 5, p. 456-460, https://doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0456:SPEATC>2.3.CO;2.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"456","endPage":"460","costCenters":[{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":336231,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Alaska","otherGeospatial":"Chugach terrane, Prince William Sound, Prince William terrane","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -150.00732421875,\n 58.50517468678928\n ],\n [\n -143.98681640625,\n 58.50517468678928\n ],\n [\n -143.98681640625,\n 61.80428390136847\n ],\n [\n -150.00732421875,\n 61.80428390136847\n ],\n [\n -150.00732421875,\n 58.50517468678928\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"58b15446e4b01ccd54fc5eed","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Dumoulin, Julie A. 0000-0003-1754-1287 dumoulin@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-1287","contributorId":203209,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Dumoulin","given":"Julie","email":"dumoulin@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":119,"text":"Alaska Science Center Geology Minerals","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":114,"text":"Alaska Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":671898,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1017318,"text":"1017318 - 1988 - The community ecology of sea otters","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-10-12T15:05:00.662635","indexId":"1017318","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":4,"text":"Book"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":15,"text":"Monograph"},"title":"The community ecology of sea otters","docAbstract":"No abstract available.
","language":"English","publisher":"Springer Link","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-72845-7","usgsCitation":"VanBlaricom, G.R., and Estes, J.A., 1988, The community ecology of sea otters, v. 65, 247 p., https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72845-7.","productDescription":"247 p.","costCenters":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":132810,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"65","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4aaae4b07f02db668c63","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"VanBlaricom, Glenn R. glennvb@usgs.gov","contributorId":3540,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"VanBlaricom","given":"Glenn","email":"glennvb@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":200,"text":"Coop Res Unit Seattle","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":324711,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Estes, James A. jim_estes@usgs.gov","contributorId":53325,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Estes","given":"James","email":"jim_estes@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[{"id":651,"text":"Western Ecological Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":6949,"text":"University of California, Santa Cruz","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":324710,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70014778,"text":"70014778 - 1988 - Deformation in the Yakataga seismic gap, Southern Alaska, 1980-1986","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-30T16:34:24.607702","indexId":"70014778","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Deformation in the Yakataga seismic gap, Southern Alaska, 1980-1986","docAbstract":"A 60-by-40-km trilateration network in the Yakataga seismic gap was surveyed in 1980, 1982, 1984, and 1986 with precise electro-optical distance-measuring equipment to measure strain accumulation. The overall deformation is roughly approximated by a 0.24±0.03 µstrain/yr N32°W±2.4° uniaxial contraction that is uniform in time. However, the spatial distribution of deformation shows some concentration of convergence in the neighborhood of the Chugach-St. Elias fault and of right-lateral shear across the Contact fault. A simple dislocation model of the plate interaction in the Yakataga gap fits the observed deformation reasonably well but seems to require that the motion of the Pacific plate relative to the North American plate be directed more nearly N36°W than N15°W, the generally accepted direction of relative motion for this location. However, the direction of plate motion inferred from the dislocation model depends upon details of the interaction at the plate boundary that may not have been modeled accurately. A nearby but smaller trilateration network at Icy Bay was surveyed in 1982, 1984, and 1986. This network spans the southwest corner of the rupture zone of the 1979 St. Elias earthquake. The deformation at Icy Bay consists of left-lateral shear across a northeast trending zone. The relation of this deformation to strain accumulation in the Yakataga gap, postseismic relaxation associated with the 1979 earthquake, or rebound from the unloading associated with the rapid recession of the Guyot glacier is not understood.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB093iB05p04731","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Savage, J., and Lisowski, M., 1988, Deformation in the Yakataga seismic gap, Southern Alaska, 1980-1986: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 93, no. B5, p. 4731-4744, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB05p04731.","productDescription":"14 p.","startPage":"4731","endPage":"4744","numberOfPages":"14","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225597,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"B5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"5059fe46e4b0c8380cd4ec2e","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Savage, J.C. 0000-0002-5114-7673","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-7673","contributorId":102876,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Savage","given":"J.C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369273,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lisowski, M.","contributorId":70381,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Lisowski","given":"M.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369272,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013303,"text":"70013303 - 1988 - Semianalytical computation of path lines for finite-difference models","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-03-20T11:21:41.615036","indexId":"70013303","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1861,"text":"Ground Water","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Semianalytical computation of path lines for finite-difference models","docAbstract":"A semianalytical particle tracking method was developed for use with velocities generated from block centered finite-difference ground-water flow models. The method is based on the assumption that each directional velocity component varies linearly within a grid cell in its own coordinate directions. This assumption allows an analytical expression to be obtained describing the flow path within an individual grid cell. Given the initial position of a particle anywhere in a cell, the coordinates of any other point along its path line within the cell, and the time of travel between them, can be computed directly. For steady-state systems, the exit point for a particle entering a cell at any arbitrary location can be computed in a single step. By following the particle as it moves from cell to cell, this method can be used to trace the path of a particle through any multidimensional flow field generated from a block-centered finite-difference flow model.
The Land Analysis System (LAS) is an interactive software system available in the public domain for the analysis, display, and management of multispectral and other digital image data. LAS provides over 240 applications functions and utilities, a flexible user interface, complete online and hard-copy documentation, extensive image-data file management, reformatting, conversion utilities, and high-level device independent access to image display hardware. The authors summarize the capabilities of the current release of LAS (version 4.0) and discuss plans for future development. Particular emphasis is given to the issue of system portability and the importance of removing and/or isolating hardware and software dependencies.
","language":"English","publisher":"IEEE","doi":"10.1109/36.7696","usgsCitation":"Wharton, S.W., Lu, Y.C., Quirk, B.K., Oleson, L.R., Newcomer, J.A., and Irani, F., 1988, The Land Analysis System (LAS) for multispectral image processing: IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, v. 26, no. 5, p. 693-697, https://doi.org/10.1109/36.7696.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"693","endPage":"697","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":222,"text":"Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":297855,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"26","issue":"5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"54dd2c6ae4b08de9379b37bd","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Wharton, S. W.","contributorId":139120,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Wharton","given":"S.","email":"","middleInitial":"W.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540142,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Lu, Y. C.","contributorId":139121,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Lu","given":"Y.","email":"","middleInitial":"C.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540143,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Quirk, Bruce K. quirk@usgs.gov","contributorId":4285,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Quirk","given":"Bruce","email":"quirk@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"K.","affiliations":[],"preferred":true,"id":540144,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Oleson, Lyndon R.","contributorId":31904,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Oleson","given":"Lyndon","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540145,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4},{"text":"Newcomer, J. A.","contributorId":65849,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Newcomer","given":"J.","email":"","middleInitial":"A.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":540146,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":5},{"text":"Irani, Frederick M. firani@usgs.gov","contributorId":2932,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Irani","given":"Frederick M.","email":"firani@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":242,"text":"Eastern Geographic Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":540147,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":6}]}} ,{"id":70014779,"text":"70014779 - 1988 - Resonance of a fluid-driven crack: Radiation properties and implications for the source of long-period events and harmonic tremor","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-05-30T16:52:20.906978","indexId":"70014779","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":6453,"text":"Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Resonance of a fluid-driven crack: Radiation properties and implications for the source of long-period events and harmonic tremor","docAbstract":"A dynamic source model is presented, in which a three-dimensional crack containing a viscous compressible fluid is excited into resonance by an impulsive pressure transient applied over a small area ΔS of the crack surface. The crack excitation depends critically on two dimensionless parameters called the crack stiffness, C = (b/μ)(L/d), and viscous damping loss, F = (12ηL)/(ρƒd2α), where b is the bulk modulus, η is the viscosity, ρƒ is the density of the fluid, μ is the rigidity, α is the compressional velocity of the solid, L is the crack length, and d is the crack thickness. The first parameter characterizes the ability of the crack to vibrate and shapes the spectral signature of the source, and the second quantifies the effect of fluid viscosity on the duration of resonance. Resonance is sustained by a very slow wave trapped in the fluid-filled crack. This guided wave, called the crack wave, is similar to the tube wave propagating in a fluid-filled borehole; it is inversely dispersive, showing a phase velocity that decreases with increasing wavelength, and its wave speed is always lower than the acoustic velocity of the fluid, decreasing rapidly as the crack stiffness increases. The source spectrum shows many sharp peaks characterizing the individual modes of vibration of the crack; the variation of spectral shape, both in the number and width of peaks, is surprisingly complex, reflecting the interference between the lateral and longitudinal modes of resonance, as well as nodes for these modes. The far-field spectrum is marked by narrow-band dominant and subdominant peaks that reflect the interaction of the various source modes. The frequency of the dominant spectral peak radiated by the source is independent of the radiation direction. The frequency, bandwidth, and spacing of the resonant peaks are strongly dependent on the crack stiffness, larger values of the stiffness factor shifting these peaks to lower frequencies and decreasing their bandwidth. The excitation of a particular mode depends on the position of the trigger and on the extent of the crack surface affected by the pressure transient. Fluid viscosity decreases the amplitudes of the main spectral peaks, smears out the finer structure of the spectrum, and greatly reduces the duration of the radiated signal. The energy loss by radiation is stronger for high frequencies, producing a seismic signature that is marked by a high-frequency content near the onset of the signal and dominated by a longer-period component of much longer duration in the signal coda. Such signature is in harmony with those displayed by long-period events observed on active volcanoes and in hydrofracture experiments. The very low velocity which is possible in a crack with high stiffness (C ≥ 100) also provides an attractive explanation for very long period tremor, such as type 2 tremor at Aso volcano, Japan, without the requirement of an unrealistically large magma container. The standing wave pattern set up on the crack surface by the sustained resonance in the fluid is observable in the near field of the crack, suggesting that the location and extent of the source may be estimated from the mapping of the pattern of nodes and antinodes seen in its vicinity. According to the model, the long-period event and harmonic tremor share the same source but differ in the boundary conditions for fluid flow and in the triggering mechanism setting up the resonance of the source, the former being viewed as the impulse response of the tremor generating system and the latter representing the excitation due to more complex forcing functions.
","language":"English","publisher":"American Geophysical Union","doi":"10.1029/JB093iB05p04375","issn":"01480227","usgsCitation":"Chouet, B., 1988, Resonance of a fluid-driven crack: Radiation properties and implications for the source of long-period events and harmonic tremor: Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, v. 93, no. B5, p. 4375-4400, https://doi.org/10.1029/JB093iB05p04375.","productDescription":"26 p.","startPage":"4375","endPage":"4400","numberOfPages":"26","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225598,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"volume":"93","issue":"B5","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"2012-09-20","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505aa9dee4b0c8380cd86004","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Chouet, B.","contributorId":68465,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chouet","given":"B.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369274,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1}]}} ,{"id":1002532,"text":"1002532 - 1988 - Environmental impacts and regulatory policy. Implications of spray disposal of dredged material in Louisiana wetlands","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2019-06-17T15:05:29","indexId":"1002532","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1263,"text":"Coastal Management","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Environmental impacts and regulatory policy. Implications of spray disposal of dredged material in Louisiana wetlands","docAbstract":"The capabilities of a new wetland dredging technology were assessed along with associated newly developed state and federal regulatory policies to determine if policy expectations realistically match the technological achievement. Current regulatory practices require amelioration of spoil bank impacts upon abandonment of an oil/gas well, but this may not occur for many years or decades, if at all. Recently, a dreding method (high-pressure spray spoil disposal) was developed that does not create a spoil bank in the traditional sense. Its potential for reducing environmental impacts was recognized immediately by regulatory agencies for whom minimizing spoil bank impacts is a major concern. The use of high-pressure spray disposal as a suitable alternative to traditional dreding technology has been adopted as policy even though its value as a management tool has never been tested or verified. A qualitative evaluation at two spoil disposal sites in saline marsh indicates that high-pressure spray disposal may indeed have great potential to minimize impacts, but most of this potential remains unverified. Also, some aspects of current regulatory policy may be based on unrealistic expectations as to the ability of this new technology to minimize or eliminate spoil bank impacts.","language":"English","publisher":"Taylor & Francis","doi":"10.1080/08920758809362067","usgsCitation":"Cahoon, D.R., and Cowan, J., 1988, Environmental impacts and regulatory policy. Implications of spray disposal of dredged material in Louisiana wetlands: Coastal Management, v. 16, no. 4, p. 341-362, https://doi.org/10.1080/08920758809362067.","productDescription":"22 p.","startPage":"341","endPage":"362","costCenters":[{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":17705,"text":"Wetland and Aquatic Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":134012,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Louisiana","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -93.515625,\n 28.603814407841327\n ],\n [\n -89.000244140625,\n 28.603814407841327\n ],\n [\n -89.000244140625,\n 30.4297295750316\n ],\n [\n -93.515625,\n 30.4297295750316\n ],\n [\n -93.515625,\n 28.603814407841327\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"16","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4b24e4b07f02db6ae7df","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Cahoon, Donald R. 0000-0002-2591-5667","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2591-5667","contributorId":65424,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cahoon","given":"Donald","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[{"id":531,"text":"Patuxent Wildlife Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":455,"text":"National Wetlands Research Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":false,"id":312125,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Cowan, J.H. Jr.","contributorId":31724,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Cowan","given":"J.H.","suffix":"Jr.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":312124,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":70013168,"text":"70013168 - 1988 - Geochemistry of water at Cajon Pass, California: Preliminary results","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2024-02-14T01:17:58.171448","indexId":"70013168","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":1807,"text":"Geophysical Research Letters","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Geochemistry of water at Cajon Pass, California: Preliminary results","docAbstract":"Samples of water and associated gases were collected from the Cajon Pass well using downhole samplers, and from the pipe stands at the completion of drill stem tests. The fluids were recovered from fracture systems in granitic rocks from two uncased test intervals located at 1,829 to 1,905 m and 1,829 to 2,115 m. Results of chemical analysis indicate major differences in the composition of water from different fracture systems. Water from one fracture system in the first test interval has a salinity of 2,150 mg/L dissolved solids and is relatively high in Cl, Ca and Fe, but low in HCO3 and SO4; water salinity from a second fracture system is only 950 mg/L and is dominated by Na, HCO3 and SO4. Most of the water from the second interval likely originated from one fracture system; it is alkaline, low in HCO3, has a salinity of 1,150 mg/L, and is a NaSO4 type water characteristic of pore water in the granitic rocks of the area. The differences in water composition indicate different evolutionary paths and isolation of water within relatively proximal fracture systems.
The primary purpose of this short note is to formally record the liquefaction prediction (Holzer et al., 1986) made in connection with this predicted earthquake. In addition, this note serves to alert the seismic engineering community to special instrumentation being installed at the prediction site. The instrumentation will consist of 4 downhole accelerometers at depths ranging from 3-30 m, a surface accelerometer, 7 dynamic piezometers distributed in the sand strata between depths of 5 and 15 m, and a network of bench marks for measuring permanent ground deformation.
","language":"English","publisher":"Seismological Society of America","doi":"10.1785/BSSA0780010385","usgsCitation":"Holzer, T., Bennett, M., Youd, T., and Chen, A., 1988, Parkfield, California, liquefaction prediction (USA): Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, v. 78, no. 1, p. 385-389, https://doi.org/10.1785/BSSA0780010385.","productDescription":"5 p.","startPage":"385","endPage":"389","numberOfPages":"5","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":225531,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","state":"Califonia","city":"Parkfield","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -120.74302797675936,\n 36.2501844714552\n ],\n [\n -120.74302797675936,\n 35.899437968728634\n ],\n [\n -120.18547182441559,\n 35.899437968728634\n ],\n [\n -120.18547182441559,\n 36.2501844714552\n ],\n [\n -120.74302797675936,\n 36.2501844714552\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"78","issue":"1","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationDate":"1988-02-01","publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a7514e4b0c8380cd77997","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Holzer, T.L.","contributorId":35739,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holzer","given":"T.L.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369253,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Bennett, M.J.","contributorId":67504,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bennett","given":"M.J.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369255,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Youd, T. L.","contributorId":73593,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Youd","given":"T. L.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369256,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3},{"text":"Chen, A.T.F.","contributorId":47523,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Chen","given":"A.T.F.","email":"","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369254,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":4}]}} ,{"id":70014765,"text":"70014765 - 1988 - Lateral fluid flow in a compacting sand-shale sequence: South Caspian basin","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-17T16:16:02.129163","indexId":"70014765","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":701,"text":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Lateral fluid flow in a compacting sand-shale sequence: South Caspian basin","docAbstract":"The South Caspian basin contains both sands and shales that have pore-fluid pressures substantially in excess of hydrostatic fluid pressure. Pore-pressure data from the South Caspian basin demonstrate that large differences in excess hydraulic head exist between sand and shale. The data indicate that sands are acting as drains for overlying and underlying compacting shales and that fluid flows laterally through the sand on a regional scale from the basin interior northward to points of discharge. The major driving force for the fluid movement is shale compaction. We present a first- order mathematical analysis in an effort to test if the permeability of the sands required to support a regional flow system is reasonable. The results of the analysis suggest regional sand permeabilities ranging from 1 to 30 md; a range that seems reasonable. This result supports the thesis that lateral fluid flow is occurring on a regional scale within the South Caspian basin. If vertical conduits for flow exist within the basin, they are sufficiently impermeable and do not provide a major outlet for the regional flow system. The lateral fluid flow within the sands implies that the stratigraphic sequence is divided into horizontal units that are hydraulically isolated from one another, a conclusion that has important implications for oil and gas migration.-Authors","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","doi":"10.1306/703C8EA7-1707-11D7-8645000102C1865D","usgsCitation":"Bredehoeft, J.D., Djevanshir, R.D., and Belitz, K., 1988, Lateral fluid flow in a compacting sand-shale sequence: South Caspian basin: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 72, no. 4, p. 416-424, https://doi.org/10.1306/703C8EA7-1707-11D7-8645000102C1865D.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"416","endPage":"424","numberOfPages":"9","costCenters":[{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":225464,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"Azerbaijan, Iran, Russia","otherGeospatial":"South Caspian basin","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n 54.06834519203673,\n 40.49282714086567\n ],\n [\n 49.02617788373277,\n 40.645788735394575\n ],\n [\n 48.264405462685716,\n 37.99132224800374\n ],\n [\n 51.312775955314294,\n 36.11873115433363\n ],\n [\n 54.056679406870785,\n 35.996731328314766\n ],\n [\n 54.83803852512622,\n 37.33443915347493\n ],\n [\n 54.06834519203673,\n 40.49282714086567\n ]\n ]\n ],\n \"type\": \"Polygon\"\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"72","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a4570e4b0c8380cd67303","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bredehoeft, John D.","contributorId":298465,"corporation":false,"usgs":false,"family":"Bredehoeft","given":"John","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":36206,"text":"Retired","active":true,"usgs":false}],"preferred":false,"id":369233,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Djevanshir, R. D.","contributorId":80551,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Djevanshir","given":"R.","email":"","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":369235,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2},{"text":"Belitz, Kenneth 0000-0003-4481-2345 kbelitz@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-2345","contributorId":442,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Belitz","given":"Kenneth","email":"kbelitz@usgs.gov","affiliations":[{"id":451,"text":"National Water Quality Assessment Program","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":503,"text":"Office of Water Quality","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":466,"text":"New England Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":376,"text":"Massachusetts Water Science Center","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":27111,"text":"National Water Quality Program","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":369234,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":3}]}} ,{"id":70013290,"text":"70013290 - 1988 - Fractional-step method for two-dimensional estuarine transport","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2012-03-12T17:18:38","indexId":"70013290","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":24,"text":"Conference Paper"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":19,"text":"Conference Paper"},"title":"Fractional-step method for two-dimensional estuarine transport","docAbstract":"The fractional-step method was used in this study to split the longitudinal advective transport term from the other terms in the two-dimensional, laterally-averaged equation for estuarine mass transport. The method of characteristics with spline interpolations was used to approximate the longitudinal advective transport. A general discussion of the fractional-step method, the specific algorithm developed in this investigation, and results of numerical tests are presented. Application of the fractional-step method in conjunction with the characteristic-spline scheme offers the potential for improved simulations of transport for situations in which concentration gradients are steep.","conferenceTitle":"Hydraulic Engineering: Proceedings of the 1988 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering","conferenceDate":"8 August 1988 through 12 August 1988","conferenceLocation":"Colorado Springs, CO, USA","language":"English","publisher":"Publ by ASCE","publisherLocation":"New York, NY, United States","isbn":"0872626709; 0872626709","usgsCitation":"Bales, J.D., and Holley, E.R., 1988, Fractional-step method for two-dimensional estuarine transport, Hydraulic Engineering: Proceedings of the 1988 National Conference on Hydraulic Engineering, Colorado Springs, CO, USA, 8 August 1988 through 12 August 1988, p. 1182-1187.","startPage":"1182","endPage":"1187","numberOfPages":"6","costCenters":[],"links":[{"id":220136,"rank":0,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"505a13a6e4b0c8380cd54710","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Bales, Jerad D. 0000-0001-8398-6984 jdbales@usgs.gov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8398-6984","contributorId":683,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Bales","given":"Jerad","email":"jdbales@usgs.gov","middleInitial":"D.","affiliations":[{"id":5058,"text":"Office of the Chief Scientist for Water","active":true,"usgs":true},{"id":436,"text":"National Research Program - Eastern Branch","active":true,"usgs":true}],"preferred":true,"id":365740,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Holley, Edward R.","contributorId":104096,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Holley","given":"Edward","email":"","middleInitial":"R.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":365741,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ,{"id":1003767,"text":"1003767 - 1988 - Post-epizootic surveys of waterfowl for duck plague (duck virus enteritis)","interactions":[],"lastModifiedDate":"2023-01-12T12:21:06.942571","indexId":"1003767","displayToPublicDate":"1988-01-01T00:00:00","publicationYear":"1988","noYear":false,"publicationType":{"id":2,"text":"Article"},"publicationSubtype":{"id":10,"text":"Journal Article"},"seriesTitle":{"id":948,"text":"Avian Diseases","active":true,"publicationSubtype":{"id":10}},"title":"Post-epizootic surveys of waterfowl for duck plague (duck virus enteritis)","docAbstract":"Surviving birds from nine duck plague outbreaks in urban and confined waterfowl were sampled for duck plague (DP) virus and DP antibody during 1979-86. Duck plague virus was found in combined oral and cloacal swabs of birds from three outbreaks, and DP-neutralizing antibody was demonstrated in some birds from all nine outbreaks. Greater prevalence of DP antibody and higher titers were found in survivors from confined populations than from free-flying urban populations. Free-flying waterfowl from within 52 km of four DP outbreak sites were also sampled; virus was not found in any birds, but DP antibody was found in urban waterfowl in the vicinity of an outbreak in Potterville, Michigan. No evidence of exposure to or shedding of DP virus in migratory waterfowl was found in two regions where DP appears enzootic in urban and confined waterfowl (Eastern Shore of Maryland and the vicinity of Sacramento, California).
","language":"English","publisher":"American Association of Avian Pathologists","doi":"10.2307/1590991","usgsCitation":"Brand, C.J., and Docherty, D.E., 1988, Post-epizootic surveys of waterfowl for duck plague (duck virus enteritis): Avian Diseases, v. 32, no. 4, p. 722-730, https://doi.org/10.2307/1590991.","productDescription":"9 p.","startPage":"722","endPage":"730","numberOfPages":"9","onlineOnly":"N","additionalOnlineFiles":"N","costCenters":[{"id":456,"text":"National Wildlife Health Center","active":true,"usgs":true}],"links":[{"id":129544,"rank":1,"type":{"id":24,"text":"Thumbnail"},"url":"https://pubs.usgs.gov/thumbnails/outside_thumb.jpg"}],"country":"United States","geographicExtents":"{\n \"type\": \"FeatureCollection\",\n \"features\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"Feature\",\n \"properties\": {},\n \"geometry\": {\n \"type\": \"Polygon\",\n \"coordinates\": [\n [\n [\n -91.241455078125,\n 43.74728909225906\n ],\n [\n -86.099853515625,\n 43.52465500687185\n ],\n [\n -83.16650390625,\n 43.27720532212024\n ],\n [\n -82.90283203125,\n 42.42345651793833\n ],\n [\n -83.111572265625,\n 41.795888098191426\n ],\n [\n -84.44091796875,\n 40.95501133048621\n ],\n [\n -84.6826171875,\n 39.740986355883564\n ],\n [\n -87.451171875,\n 39.49556336059472\n ],\n [\n -91.351318359375,\n 39.68182601089365\n ],\n [\n -91.636962890625,\n 40.3130432088809\n ],\n [\n -91.329345703125,\n 40.9052096972736\n ],\n [\n -91.19750976562499,\n 41.51680395810118\n ],\n [\n -90.703125,\n 41.672911819602085\n ],\n [\n -90.47241210937499,\n 41.94314874732696\n ],\n [\n -91.14257812499999,\n 42.64204079304428\n ],\n [\n -91.241455078125,\n 43.74728909225906\n ]\n ]\n ]\n }\n }\n ]\n}","volume":"32","issue":"4","noUsgsAuthors":false,"publicationStatus":"PW","scienceBaseUri":"4f4e4ad5e4b07f02db683ac4","contributors":{"authors":[{"text":"Brand, C. J.","contributorId":8788,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Brand","given":"C.","email":"","middleInitial":"J.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314220,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":1},{"text":"Docherty, D. E.","contributorId":83469,"corporation":false,"usgs":true,"family":"Docherty","given":"D.","email":"","middleInitial":"E.","affiliations":[],"preferred":false,"id":314221,"contributorType":{"id":1,"text":"Authors"},"rank":2}]}} ]}